TW582124B - Fuel cell assembly for portable electronic device and interface, control, and regulator circuit for fuel cell powered electronic device - Google Patents

Abstract

A fuel cell assembly including a membrane electrode assembly, an anode plate, a cathode plate, a removable fuel cartridge, and a fuel delivery system. The assembly includes an anode, a cathode, and a polymer electrolyte membrane having a fuel side and an oxygen side. The fuel cartridge includes an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel, an expandable pressure member in contact with the bladder for maintaining a positive pressure on the bladder, and a sealable exit port in fluid communication with the bladder. The fuel delivery system delivers fuel from the cartridge to the fuel side of the membrane. An interface, control, and regulator circuit for fuel cell powered electronic device.

Description

582124 Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs g (printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives k A7 _________B7_ V. Description of the invention (1) Related applications This application requests a US provisional patent application number filed on June 1, 2001 6 0/2 9 5, 1 1 4 [Appointment No. A-705471 / RTF / VEJ], and the title is the priority of fuel cell assemblies for portable electronic devices, which is hereby incorporated by reference The entire contents of the application. This application requests the US provisional patent application number 6 0/2 9 5, 4 7 5 [appointment case number A-70651 / RFT / RMA, filed on June 1, 2001. ], And the title is "Interface for Fuel Cell Rechargeable Electronic Devices, Priority of Controllers and Regulator Circuits", which is hereby incorporated by reference for the entire content of this application. TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an application New and enhanced fuel cell assemblies for portable electronic devices and an interface, controller, and regulating circuit for fuel cell-charged electronic devices. More particularly, the present invention is directed to a device for portable Electrolysis of pure methanol polymer in liquid feed Thin film fuel cell assembly. The present invention also relates to a new and enhanced interface, controller, and regulating circuit for fuel cell charged electronic devices. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Polymer electrolyte membranes are used in electrochemical devices such as batteries and fuel cells. It is useful because their functions are electrolytes and separators. This film can be easily made into a soft film, which can be incorporated into deformable cells. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇 &gt); < 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page).

、 1T, ν, -4- 582124 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (2) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) At present, perfluorohydrosulfide ionomers such as DuPont NAF I ON Or similar to Dow perfluoropolymer as the polymer electrolyte for the fuel cell. However, this conventional thin film has some severe limitations when used with hydrogen / air fuel cells and pure methanol fuel cells fed in liquid form. One example of a fuel cell that incorporates this kind of conventional film is Hakday (

Hockaday) U.S. Patent No. 5,759,712, which shows a surface-replicated fuel cell for a micro-fuel cell power box. The published micro-fuel cell power box was constructed to supply power to a cellular phone. A vapor manifold is provided for absorbing fuel in fuel tank bottles. Among other things, what is needed is a fuel cell assembly with a removable fuel cartridge that maintains a positive pressure to facilitate the flow of fuel from the fuel cartridge to the fuel cell assembly. Moreover, due to the following related difficulties, the fuel cell system for powering electronic devices has so far failed, at least in part, to achieve any degree of commercial success (i), especially for mobile phone applications, with the actual packaging used in device manufacturing Provide a fuel cell, and (ii) achieve and regulate the required power (voltage and current) with acceptable reliability, consistency, and safety. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs These restrictions are particularly problematic where the power demand of electronic devices varies with different operating stages. For example, in a cellular mobile phone, the power requirement for standby operation and waiting for the receiver to receive the phone is not excessive. When receiving a call, the power requirement increases, and then it rises significantly in the transmission mode. These and other situations require or benefit from an interface and control circuitry. The control circuit allows a fuel cell power supply to be connected to an electronic device and is advantageously connected and can be used interchangeably or to modify the fuel cell power supply. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm)- 5- 582124 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (3) Device or system to existing electronic device. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) In other cases, what is needed is an interface circuit that cooperates with the control and regulation of the power drawn and the charge / discharge from the fuel cell and the battery. Maintain operations within the voltage, current, and power ranges and maintain safety when any flammable fluids that operate on fuel cells or explosive materials that are associated with the operation of lithium-ion batteries are present. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Briefly, one aspect of the present invention is directed to a detachable fuel cartridge for a pure methanol fuel cell assembly, the assembly including an expandable fuel airbag for receiving liquid methanol fuel, and a contact with the airbag , An expandable pressure member for maintaining a positive pressure on the airbag, and a sealable air outlet connected with the fluid and the airbag. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, another aspect of the present invention is directed to a pure methanol fuel cell assembly for a portable electronic device including a thin-film electrode assembly, a removable fuel cartridge, and a Fuel delivery system. The thin-film electrode assembly includes an anode ', a cathode, and a polymer electrolyte film having a fuel end and an oxygen end. The detachable fuel cartridge includes an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel, an expandable pressure member in contact with the bladder for maintaining a positive pressure on the bladder, and a sealed-out outlet in fluid communication with the bladder Breath. The fuel delivery system delivers fuel from the fuel cartridge to the fuel end of the membrane. This circuit engages the air port to connect the airbag to the fuel end of the membrane in a fluid flow manner. It guides another aspect of the present invention to a paper size for portable electronic devices that applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297) (%) -6- 582124 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (4) Pure methanol fuel cell assembly, which includes a thin-film electrode assembly, an anode plate, and a removable fuel cartridge. And a cathode plate. The thin-film electrode assembly includes an anode ' a cathode ' and a polymer electrolyte film having a fuel end and an oxygen end. The anode plate includes a fuel chamber fluidly connected to the fuel end of the membrane. The removable fuel cartridge is fluidly connected to the fuel chamber. The cathode plate includes an oxygen port extending therethrough to provide air to the oxygen end of the film. Still another aspect of the present invention is directed to a power box which explicitly cooperates to replace a battery for a cellular phone, wherein the cellular phone has a body. The power box contains a fuel cell assembly, a detachable fuel cartridge, and a casing which cooperates with the cellular phone body in a detachable manner. The detachable fuel cartridge provides fuel to the fuel cell assembly and includes an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel, a contact with the bladder for maintaining a positive pressure expandable pressure member on the bladder, and a fluid and Sealable air outlet associated with the airbag. The casing is equipped with a fuel cell assembly and a fuel cartridge. It is an object of the present invention to provide a compact fuel cell assembly for mobile phones and other portable electronic devices. Another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell assembly for a portable electronic device that can quickly refill the fuel, thereby reducing the need for long-term time required to recharge the battery. Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a fuel cell assembly that can be refilled quickly and easily with a replaceable fuel cartridge that maintains a positive fuel pressure. Another aspect of the present invention is directed to an interface circuit, which is equipped with a circuit (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) X29 * 7mm) -7- 582124 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) Combined control and regulation of the drawn power and charging / discharging from the fuel cell and maintaining safety within the pre-defined voltage, current, and power ranges operation. Yet another aspect of the invention is directed to a method for controlling the operation of a boost converter circuit coupled to a fuel cell and other energy storage devices such as batteries and / or storage capacitors. Another aspect of the invention is directed to a computer program and a computer program product for controlling a microprocessor. This invention and yet another aspect of the present invention is directed to a method and system for increasing the fuel cell voltage to a cellular telephone voltage and managing the voltage boosting procedure in a safe and efficient manner. Yet another aspect of the present invention is to provide an interface and a control circuit for use in fuel cell-charged electronic devices such as mobile circuits, portable computers, PDAs, or other portable electronic devices. Productive operations. The accompanying drawings, incorporated in and forming a part of this patent specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention by way of example, and together with the description, explain the principles of the invention. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a perspective view schematically showing a fuel cell assembly incorporating a portable electronic device according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an unfolded front view of the fuel cell assembly of the portable electronic device shown in FIG. Figure 3 is an expanded rear view of the fuel cell assembly shown in Figure 2. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 > < 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

、 1T Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Γ. -8- Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 582124 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) Material cell, a battery, and An electronic device powered by one or both batteries. Fig. 14 is a flowchart illustration showing an embodiment of steps for controlling the interface and control circuit operation viewpoints in Fig. 13; Fig. 15 is a diagram illustrating a typical power curve of a fuel cell. Fig. 16 is a flowchart illustrating an embodiment of an initial step according to the present invention. Figure 17 is a flowchart illustration showing an embodiment of the TIC ISR procedure according to the present invention. Fig. 18 is a flowchart illustration showing an embodiment of a TO overflow ISR step according to the present invention. Fig. 19 is a flowchart illustration showing an embodiment for comparing ISR steps according to the present invention. Figure 20 is a flowchart illustration of a table τκ according to one embodiment of the Flash steps of the present invention. Figure 21 is a flowchart illustration showing an embodiment of a load test procedure according to the present invention. Fig. 22 is a flowchart illustration showing one embodiment of the AD C step according to the present invention. Fig. 23 is a flowchart illustration showing an embodiment of a Wait step according to the present invention. Figures 24a, 24b, 24c, 24d, 24e, and 24f are diagrams showing the use of a microprocessor to complete a controller according to the present invention for use in the present invention, a paper size applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297) (Chu) ~ -10-(Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)

582124 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the Invention (Illustration diagram of the exemplary coding of the toad embodiment. Figures 25 are diagrams showing a typical state for operating an inventive circuit according to an embodiment of the invention The main components are compared in the table 14 3 3 3 7 3 8 3 9 4 0 4 1 4 2 4 3 4 4 4 5 5 0 4 8 4 9 4 Pin 319 Fuel cell assembly Portable electronic device 33a Thin film electrode assembly 37a anode plate 38a cathode plate 3 9 a, 3 9 b detachable fuel cartridge 40a fuel delivery system 4 1 a voltage regulator 4 2a threaded fastener combination hole combination hole combination hole combination hole 4 8a cathode electrode 4 9a anode electrode 5 1a Nut 53a Polymer electrolyte thin film catalyst (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X29 * / mm) _11-582124 A7 B7 Ministry of Economy Wisdom Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Property Bureau V. Invention Description (9) 5 9 Catalyst 6 〇 Fuel chamber 6 1 6 la Pillar 6 4 Exhaust port 6 5 Side wall 6 6 6 6 a Shell 7 0 Cavity 7 1 7 la Rail 7 2 Side wall 7 5 Engage ears 7 6 7 6 a Air groove 7 7 7 7 a Outer surface 8 2 8 2 a Air inlet 8 6 8 6 a, 86b Expandable fuel bladder 8 7 8 7 a Expandable Type pressure member 8 8 8 8 a sealable air outlet 9 2, • 9 2 a hard can 9 3 spring clip 9 4 diaphragm 9 7 long needle 9 8 release latch 1 0 ί 3 bottom wall 1 〇1 needle table 1 0 8 Duckbill valve (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) The paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)-«-Order

-12- 582124 Α7 Β7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy V. Invention Description (10 〇9 10 12 0 12 2 12 4 12 5 12 7 12 8 12 9 13 0 13 4 13 5 13 8 13 9 14 0 14 1 2 0 1 2 0 2 2 0 3 2 0 4 2 0 5 2 0 6 Manifold table Manifold protrusion Suction port Bottom wall insulation layer Net device Port valve Spring valve member Spring valve member Compression plate Compression plate Leaf spring Leaf spring. P0S endpoint NEG endpoint ID endpoint Τ Μ P endpoint battery battery protection circuit (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 Specifications (210 × 297 mm) -13- 582124 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (11) 2 1 〇 Resistor 2 1 2 Converter circuit 2 1 3 End point 2 1 4 End point 2 1 5 capacitor 2 1 6 capacitor 2 1 8 processor 2 1 8 microcontroller 2 2 0 inductor 2 2 1 diode 2 2 4 capacitor 2 2 5 capacitor 2 2 6 capacitor 2 2 7 feedback point 2 2 9 Reference point 2 3 0 resistance 2 3 1 resistance 2 3 2 resistance 2 3 3 resistance 2 3 4 Voltage Divider 2 3 6 Resistor 2 4 〇 Resistor 2 4 1 Resistor 2 4 2 Operation Amplifier (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

、 1T This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) -14- 582124 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (12) 2 4 3 Positive input 2 4 4 Negative input 2 4 5 Output 2 4 6 Diode 2 4 7 Resistor 2 5 1 Resistor 2 5 2 Resistor 2 5 3 Resistor 2 5 4 Resistor 2 5 5 Resistor 2 5 7 A i η Input 2 5 8 Transistor 2 6 0 Pin 2 6 1 SVFC Pins (please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Detailed description of inventions printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Now refer to the preferred embodiment of the present invention in detail, and indicate its examples in the accompanying drawings. Although the embodiments will be described in conjunction with preferred embodiments, it will be understood that they are not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments. On the contrary, the invention is intended to cover alternative, modified, and equivalent examples contained within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the scope of the appended patent application. The acid-based polymer preferably contains an acid group-containing subunit, and the acid-based group includes a sulfonic acid, a phosphoric acid, and a carboxylic acid group. Examples of polymers containing sulfonic acid groups include perfluorosulfonic hydrocarbons such as NAFION; polyether ether ketones such as sulfonic acid (this paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -15 -582124 A7 _____B7_ 5. Description of the invention (彳 3) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by s PEEK by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, s PEES, Polybenzobisbenzazoles sulfonate, benzothiazine sulfonate, benzimidazole sulfonate, polyfluorenylsulfonate, polyethersulfinimine sulfonate, polyoxybenzenesulfonic acid, polysulfonic acid And other sulfonic aromatic polymers. The sulfonic aromatic polymer may be partially or completely added with fluorine. Other sulfonic acid polymers include polyethylene sulfonic acid, polystyrene sulfonic acid, acrylonitrile and 2-acrylamido-2 -methyl-1 -propanesulfonic acid copolymer, acrylonitrile and sulfonic acid and styrene ethyl sulfonate Acid, acrylonitrile and methacryloxyethyleneoxypropane sulfonic acid, propionitrile and methacryloxyethyleneoxytetrafluroethylensulfonic acid, etc. The polymer may be partially or fully fluorinated. Any type of sulfonic acid polymer contains sulfonic acid polyphosphazenes, starting with poly (sulfoplienoxy) phosphazenes or poly (sulfoethoxy) phosphazene. Phosplazene polymers can be partially or fully fluorinated. Sulfonic polyphenylsiloxane and poly (sulfoalkoxy) phosphazenes, poly (sulfotetrafluoroethoxypropoxy) sand oxygen institute. In addition, a copolymer of any polymer may be used. Preferably, the degree of sulfonation of s Ρ Ε ΕΚ is between 60 and 200%, more preferably between 70 and 150% and most preferably between 80 and 120%. In this regard, 100% sulfonation means that there is one sulfonic group per polymer repeat unit. Examples of the carboxylic acid family polymer include polyacrylic acid, polymethacrylic acid, any copolymer including vinylimidazole or acrylonitrile copolymer, and the like. The polymer may be partially or fully fluorinated. Examples of the acidic polymer containing a phosphonic acid group include ethylene phosphonic acid, polybenzimidazole phosphonic acid, and the like. The polymer may be partially or fully fluorinated. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CMS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -16-582124 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (14) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Basic polymers include basic The subunit, the basic subunit preferably contains a basic group such as an aromatic amine, a fatty amine, or a group containing isonitrogen. Examples of the basic polymer include aromatic polymers such as polybenzimidazole, polyvinylimidazole, N-alkyl or N-aryl polybenzimidazole, polybenzothiazole, polybenzoxazole, and polyquinoline, and are usually Contains polymers with isoaromatic nitrogen functional groups, such as orally-emulsions, iso-D-oxa, yaw-was, indole, iso-indole,] _, 2, 3-πoxadiazole, 1, 2, 3- Thiadiazole, 1,2,4-thiadiazole, benzotriazole, 1,2,4-traozle, tetrazole, pyrrole, N-alkyl or N-arylpyrrole, pyrrolidine, N-alkyl and N-arylpyrrolidine, pyridine, pyrazole family and the like. These polymers may optionally be partially or fully fluorinated. Examples of fatty polyamines include polyethyleneimine, polyvinylpyridine, poly (acrylamine), and the like. These basic polymers may optionally be partially or fully fluorinated. Polybenzimidazole (PB I) is preferably the base polymer. Polyvinylimidazole (P VI) is particularly preferred as the base polymer. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Elastomer polymers contain elastomeric subunits. The elastomeric subunits preferably include elastomers such as nitrile, vinylidene fluoride, silicone, and phosphazene. Examples of elastic polymers include polyacrylonitrile, acrylonitrile copolymer, polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride copolymer, polysiloxane, silicone copolymer, and polyphosphazenes such as poly (trifluome thy lethoxy) phosphazene. Elastomer polymers can be added to polymer films as polymerizable monomers to make semi-interpenetrating networks. Monomers can be polymerized photochemically or by semi-IP N heat treatment. Elastomer copolymer can refer to an elastomeric polymer. The size of the paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ~ 1 '' ~ -17- Consumer Consumption Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed 582124 A7 _ B7 V. Description of the Invention (彳 5) The product contains an elastomeric subunit and one or more acidic subunits or basic subunits. For example, if an acidic polymer such as SPEEK is used, an elastomeric copolymer including an elastomeric subunit and a basic subunit may be used in a two-element mixture. In addition, if a basic polymer is used, the elastomeric copolymer will contain elastomeric subunits and acidic subunits. This two-element mixture can be used to combine other polymers and copolymers to form additional mixtures. As used herein, a 'thin film electrode assembly (M E A) refers to a combination of a polymer film (PEM) and an anode and cathode catalyst completed according to the present invention, wherein the catalyst is located opposite the polymer electrolyte film. This also includes anode and cathode electrodes in electrical contact with the catalyst layer. FIG. 1 shows a fuel cell assembly 31 used in a portable electronic device 32 according to the present invention. In the illustrated embodiment, the fuel cell assembly is a pure methanol fuel cell assembly and the portable electronic device is a mobile phone. Methanol is a convenient liquid fuel source that is easy to handle and can be easily packaged in a simple plastic case. Methanol is also quite cheap and widely available today. We should recognize that other types of fuel can be used. As illustrated, the fuel cell assembly 31 is used in conjunction with a cellular phone. For example, the fuel cell assembly 31 can be constructed with a continuous power supply for mobile phones. The typical power consumption range is 3 60 mA at 3.3 V when the mobile phone is located closest to another transmitter. (1 _ 2W) to 3 0, 6 m 0 (1 · 9 8 W) at V when the position is farthest away from another transmitter. However, we should be aware that the fuel cell assembly according to the present invention can be constructed with a continuous power supply for other portable electronic devices in various power consumption ranges and still fall within the scope of this paper. ^ Paper standards apply Chinese national standards (匸 奶) 8 specifications (210 > < 297 mm) — '-18- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page)

Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 582124 A7 ____ B7 V. Description of Invention (16) For example, a fuel cell assembly according to the present invention can be used to power personal digital assistants (PDAs), laptops and laptops, portable laser players, and other portable electronic devices. As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the fuel cell assembly 31 generally includes a thin-film electrode assembly 3 3, an anode plate 37, a cathode plate 38, a removable fuel cartridge 39, and a fuel delivery system 4. 0, and a voltage regulator 41. The fuel cell assembly 31 uses various fasteners and / or press-fit parts and / or pressure-sensitive adhesives. For example, the threaded fastener 4 2, as viewed from left to right in FIG. 2, extends through the cathode plate 3 8, and extends through the cathode electrode 4 8 ′ and the thin film electrode assembly 3 3 and the anode electrode 4 9 respectively. The combination holes 43, 44 and 45 in the middle extend into the combination holes 50 on the anode plate 37 and are associated with the nut 51. The pressure-sensitive adhesive applied to the adjacent surfaces of the above components can supplement or replace the threaded fastener 4 2. However, we should recognize that other combinations can be used. The electrode is directly or indirectly in electrical contact with the polymer electrolyte film 53 and can complete a circuit including the polymer electrolyte film 54 and a load of a portable electronic device 32, of which a current is supplied to the electronic device 3 2. More specifically, the first catalyst 54 is related to the anode end of the polymer electrolyte film 53 in an electrocatalytic manner, and it can promote the oxidation of the methanol inorganic fuel as shown in FIG. This oxidation usually results in the formation of protons, electrons, carbon dioxide and water. Since the polymer electrolyte film 53 is substantially impervious to organic fuels such as methanol, and carbon dioxide, this component remains at the anode end of the polymer electrolyte film 53. From the cathode electrode 48, the electrons formed from the electrocatalytic reaction are transferred to the load, and then the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ~ -19- (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page)

582124 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (17) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) To the anode electrode 4 9. This DC current is balanced by transferring protons or some other appropriate cations, i.e., equivalent numbers of protons, across the polymer electrolyte membrane to the anode compartment. Electrocatalytic reactions occur in the presence of the transmitted protons, reducing oxygen to form water. The thin-film electrode assembly 3 3 is generally used, and the fuel cell assembly 31 is divided into an anode and a cathode chamber. In this fuel cell system, an organic fuel such as methanol is added to the anode chamber to allow oxides such as oxygen or ambient air to enter the cathode chamber. Depending on the particular use of a fuel cell assembly, many individual fuel cells can be combined to achieve the appropriate voltage and power output. This application includes power supplies for portable electronic devices such as cellular phones and other telecommunications devices, video and audio consumer electronics, laptops, laptops, personal digital assistants And other computing devices, geolocation systems and the like. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The thin-film electrode assembly 3 3 contains a plurality of thin-film electrode assembly cells. Each cell usually includes an anode electrode 49, a cathode electrode 48, and a polymer electrolyte membrane 53. Each polymer electrolyte film is a continuous thin layer with a catalytic layer. The polymer electrolyte film forms an electrolyte between the catalytic layers and is sandwiched between the intestinal electrode and the cathode electrode with the catalytic layer. As shown in Fig. 4, the polymer electrolyte membrane 53 has a fuel end and an oxygen end at adjacent anode electrodes 49 and cathode electrodes 48 respectively. The thin-film electrode assembly 3 3 further includes a first catalyst 54 and a second catalyst 59, which are respectively located at the fuel end and the oxygen end of the polymer electrolyte membrane 53. The catalyst at the anode end of the polymer electrolyte film is preferably platinum ruthenium and the catalyst at the cathode end is preferably a platinum catalyst. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -20- 582124 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (18) · (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Anode electrode 4 9 and the One catalyst 54 is in electrical contact and the cathode electrode 48 is in electrical contact with the second catalyst 59. In one embodiment, the electrodes are formed of gold-plated stainless steel. The electrodes of each membrane electrode assembly cell are sized and constructed to provide electrical contact between the electrodes of the membrane electrode assembly cell and a separate catalyst layer. Preferably, each electrode includes a copper tab. Fig. 5 is a cross-section of the sheet electrode assembly 33 without electrodes. The membrane electrode assembly includes a polymer electrolyte membrane, a first and a second catalyst layer, and at least one waterproof and gas barrier layer, usually at the cathode end, for air and water to and from the cathode catalyst layer. To this end, a carbon paper or carbon cloth is usually used. In addition, a carbon backing is preferably provided on the anode catalyst layer to protect the catalyst layer from damage by the electrodes. Since the backing usually contains a conductive material such as carbon, the electrode can be directly placed on the backing to complete the thin-film electrode assembly. Various films are available according to the invention. For example, a polymer electrolyte film according to the present invention can be formed using a perfluorohydrocarbon sulfonic acid ionomer of N A T I 0 N. We should recognize that other films can be used. Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs [printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives] In one embodiment, the polymer electrolyte film includes a first, a second, and a selective third polymer, wherein the first polymer is one of acidic subunits Acidic polymer, the second polymer is a basic polymer comprising one of the basic subunits, and (i) the selective third polymer is an elastic polymer comprising one of the elastomeric subunits, or (ii) at least the first polymer One of the one or second polymers is an elastomeric copolymer further comprising an elastomeric subunit. Therefore, as filed on June 1st, 2001, the US Patent No. 09 / 872,770 under joint examination, entitled Polymer Mixed Paper Size Applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210X297 mm) -21-582124 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (19) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page} Compound, and the international publication number W 〇 corresponding to the international patent published on December 13, 2001 1/9 4 4 5 0 A 2. The title is a thin-film electrode assembly in a polymer mixture, a fuel cell, and an electrochemical device using the film. The polymer electrolyte and polymer mixture are described here. This reference refers to the entire content incorporated into this application. Referring to Figure 2, the anode plate 37 includes an inner cavity that forms a fuel chamber 60 connected to the fuel end of the polymer electrolyte membrane 53 in a fluid flow manner. The anode plate 37 includes a plurality of pillars 6 1, and the pillar 6 1 extends through the fuel chamber toward the anode electrode 4 9 so that it is biased toward the anode electrode 4 9 and makes electrical contact with the polymer electrolyte film 5 3. As shown in FIG. 6 Shown, anode plate 3 7 packs Numerous exhaust ports 64. The exhaust ports extend through a side wall 65 which provides an exhaust port, which allows carbon dioxide formed in the fuel chamber 60 to flow from the fuel chamber. Consumption by employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The cooperative prints the cathode plate 38 to form a casing or housing 6 6 with a cavity 70, which contains a membrane electrode assembly 3 3, an anode plate 37, and a detachable fuel cartridge 39. The housing 6 6 It also includes an engaging structure for selectively engaging a mobile phone or other portable electronic device. This illustrated casing includes an engaging rail 7 extending along each side wall 7 2 of the casing for slidingly engaging the portable electronic device 3 2 1. The housing 6 6 also includes a meshing and taking piece 7 5 to selectively lock the fuel cell assembly to the portable electronic device 3 2. Contact points for transmitting power to the mobile phone are provided (not shown) However, 'the shell is injection molded, we should realize that other methods can be used to form the shell. For example, the shell can be completed by a machine tool or the like. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ) -22- 582 124 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (20) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page} In the embodiment shown in Figure 1, the outer shell 6 6 includes an outer surface designed to be the outer shell 6 6 Many air tanks 76 of 7 7 are in normal contact with the hands of mobile phone users. The air inlets 82 are located in one or more air tanks 7 6 for supplying oxygen to the cathode chamber. In particular, The oxygen suction port 8 2 extends from the bottom of one or more air tanks 76 to the oxygen end of the polymer electrolyte membrane 53. This configuration allows the gas to flow through the exhaust port and the suction port impedance by the user's palm Minimized. As shown in FIG. 7, the detachable fuel tank 39 usually includes an expandable fuel bladder 86, an expandable pressure member 87, and a sealable air outlet 88. The detachable fuel cartridge 3 9 includes a rigid can 92 containing an expandable fuel bladder 86 and an expandable pressure member. The fuel cartridge is sized and constructed so that the fuel cell can contain less than 5 cubic centimeters of methanol, preferably at least 7 cubic centimeters of methanol, and most preferably at least 10 cubic centimeters. In the illustrated embodiment, a spring clip 9 3 ′ is provided to engage the hard can 92 with the housing 66 and keep the hard can in position until a user removes the hard can 92 from the housing to the refilled fuel cell assembly. 3 1. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The expandable fuel bag 86 receives liquid fuel supplied to the thin-film electrode assembly 3 3. The expandable fuel bladder 86 is formed of a thin plastic material which is substantially impervious to methanol. Examples of suitable sheet plastic materials include nylon, urethane, and polyethylene, however, we should recognize that other materials can be used. The expandable pressure member 87 contacts the fuel bladder 86 in such a manner as to maintain a positive pressure on and inside the bladder. The sealable air outlet 8 8 communicates with the fuel bladder 86 in a fluid flow manner. In the illustrated embodiment, the paper size of the expandable pressure paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) -23- 582124 A7 _B7 V. Description of the invention (21) (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in the items again to buy) The component 87 is a compressed foam component, preferably formed by open cell foam. The compressed foam member is elastic and acts as a spring member biased toward the fuel bladder 86, so a positive pressure is maintained on the bladder. Other pressure members may be used in accordance with the present invention. For example, in order to maintain a positive pressure in the bladder, a spring biasing member may bias the fuel bladder 86. In the illustrated embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the sealable air outlet 8 8 of the replaceable fuel tank 39 includes a diaphragm 9 4. The diaphragm 94 contains a substantially self-sealing film. Referring to Figure 3, the fuel delivery system 40 includes a long needle 9 7 that extends into the air outlet 8 8 and passes through the diaphragm 9 4 to connect the fuel bladder 8 6 to the polymer electrolyte membrane 5 3 in a fluid flow manner. end. The sealable air outlet 8 8 is sized and constructed to cooperate with the long needle 9 7. In one embodiment, the sealable air outlet includes an INTHRLINK fluid connection adapter manufactured by Baxter International, Deerfield Illinois, Illinois. In particular, the fuel delivery system 40 includes a long needle 97 that can be inserted into the septum 9 4. We should recognize that other types of fluid connectors can be utilized in accordance with the present invention. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The housing 6 6 is also provided with a release latch 9 8 to detach the detachable fuel tank 39 from the fuel delivery system 40. The release latch 9 8 is slidably disposed on one side of the housing 6 6 and engages the removable fuel tank 3 9 diaphragm 9 4. As seen in Figure 2, sliding the release latch 9 8 downward will push against the air outlet 8 8 and thus the removable fuel cartridge 3 9 at least partially outwards beyond the bottom wall of the housing 6 6 10 and therefore the removable fuel cartridge 39 is at least partially detached from the fuel delivery system 40. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -24- 582124 A7 B7 V. Description of invention (22) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Fuel delivery system 40 The flow method connects the fuel bladder 86 of the replaceable fuel cartridge 39 to the fuel chamber 60 of the anode plate 37. The fuel delivery system 40 includes a long needle 97, a needle table 105, a one-way duckbill valve 108, a manifold table 109, and a manifold 110 connected in series to an interconnected fuel bladder 86 and a fuel chamber 60. . The needle table 1 0 5 supports the long needle 9 7 and positions the long needle when the fuel cartridge is inserted into the fuel cell assembly 31, piercing the air outlet 8 of the removable fuel cartridge 3 9. The needle base 105 connects the long needle 9 7 and the one-way duckbill valve 108 to each other in a fluid flow manner. Preferably, the needle table 105 includes a barb fitting for engaging one end of the duckbill valve 108. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A one-way duckbill valve 108 is provided to prevent fuel from flowing through the fluid delivery system 40 and leaving the fuel chamber 60 and the fuel end of the polymer electrolyte membrane 53. The one-way duckbill valve 1 08 can be engaged with the detachable fuel tank 3 9 and the protrusion 1 1 5 on the hard tank 9 2 so that when the fuel tank 3 9 is detached from the fuel cell assembly 3 1, the valve 108 is closed. And when the fuel cartridge is inserted into the fuel cell assembly, the valve 108 is opened. We should recognize that other one-way valves can be utilized in accordance with the present invention. When the fuel cartridge 39 is inserted into the fuel cell assembly 31, the one-way valve 108 remains open, allowing fuel to flow from the cartridge to the fuel chamber, thus allowing a large amount of transportation to occur within the fuel chamber. The positive pressure maintained on the fuel bladder 86 facilitates the flow of fuel from the fuel tank 39 to the fuel chamber 60. The manifold table 1 10 is connected to the one-way duckbill valve 108 and the manifold 1 10 in a fluid flow manner. Preferably, the manifold table 109 includes a barb fitting for engaging the other end of the duckbill valve 108. As shown in FIG. 6, the manifold 1 10 is connected to a plurality of fuel suction ports 1 1 9 in a fluid flow manner, and the suction ports are located and extend through a bottom wall 1 2 0 of the anode plate 37. Although this paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -25- 582124 A7 ——____ H_ V. Description of the invention (23) Natural fuel suction port 1 1 9 shows that it extends through the anode plate 3 7 of Bottom wall (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 1 2 0, we should realize that the fuel suction port can be set elsewhere on the anode plate. The voltage and current regulator 41 shown in Figs. 1 and 2 includes a voltage and / or power for monitoring and / or regulating the voltage supplied to the portable electronic device 32. U.S. Provisional Patent Application Nos. 6 0/2 95, 4 75, filed on June 1, 2001, under co-examination, headings, interfaces for fuel cell powered electronic devices, controllers, and regulating circuits The regulator 4 1 is described in the following paragraph, and a copy of the patent is attached as Annex a and is hereby incorporated by reference. During operation and use, the user inserts a detachable fuel cartridge 3 9 into the fuel cell assembly 31 so that the long needle 9 7 pierces the septum 9 4, so that the fuel is allowed to flow from the fuel bag 86 to the membrane electrode assembly 3 3. Polymer electrolyte film 5 3. Once the fuel tank 39 is used up substantially, the user slides the release latch 98 down and detaches the fuel tank from the fuel cell assembly 31. The user then replaces the spent fuel cartridge with a new, fuel-filled fuel cartridge, and inserts the new cartridge in the same manner as described above. The consumer cooperation of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is printed in another embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 8. The fuel cell assembly 3 1 a is similar to the fuel cell assembly 31 described above, but includes several points as described below. Modification. The same reference numbers have been used to describe the same components of fuel cell assembly 31 and fuel cell assembly 31a. As shown in FIG. 8, the fuel cell assembly 3 1 a generally includes a thin-film electrode assembly 33 a, an anode plate 37 a, a cathode plate 38 a, a removable fuel cartridge 39 a, a fuel delivery system 40 a, and A paper size of this paper ϋ Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) '-26-582124 A7 _________ B7 V. Description of the invention (24) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Regulator 4 1 a. Referring to the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the fuel cell assembly 3 1 a is combined with a threaded fastener 4 2 a in the same manner as described above, and the threaded fastener extends through the cathode plate 3 8 a and the cathode electrode 4 8 a The thin film electrode assembly 3 3 a, the anode electrode 4 9 a and the anode plate 3 7 a are associated with the nut 5 1 a. The electrode is in direct or indirect electrical contact with the polymer electrolyte film 5 3 a and can complete a circuit containing the polymer electrolyte film 5 3 a and the load of a portable electronic device, wherein a current is in the same manner as discussed above Supply the portable electronic device. The thin-film electrode assembly 3 3 a is usually used to divide the fuel cell assembly 3 1 a into an anode and a cathode chamber. In this embodiment, the cathode plate 38a is formed of anodized aluminum. However, we should recognize that other materials can also be used in accordance with the present invention. For example, the cathode plate may be formed of polycarbonate or other suitable materials. The cathode plate 38a is anodized because aluminum is an electrical conductor, providing an electrically insulating layer. We should recognize that instead of anodizing the cathode plate, other forms of insulation can be used instead. Printed by the 8th Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs in order to further protect the aluminum cathode plate from the short circuit of individual cells in the fuel cell assembly, which will significantly reduce performance. An insulation layer 1 2 2 is provided between 8 a. For example, in the case of anodizing the cathode plate, the insulation layer will protect the cathode plate from shorting one or more cells. In the illustrated embodiment, the insulating layer 1 2 2 is formed of ethylene, however, we should recognize that other electrical insulating materials may be used in accordance with the present invention. Referring to FIG. 8, the anode plate 3 7 a includes an inner recess, and the size of the recess is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (21 × 297 mm) -27- 582124 B7 V. Description of the invention (25 ) Into a fuel chamber, which is connected to the fuel end of the polymer electrolyte membrane 5 3 a by fluid flow. In the same manner as the above-mentioned anode plate 37, the anode plate 37a includes a plurality of pillars 61a, and the pillars 61a extend through the fuel chamber 'toward the anode electrode 4 9a, so that the anode electrode 4 9a is deflected into electrical contact with the polymer electrolyte film 5 3a. contact. The cathode plate 3 8 a combined with the casing or case 66 defines a recess for receiving the thin-film electrode assembly 33 a, the anode plate 37 a, and the detachable fuel cartridge 39 a. The housing 6 6a also includes an engaging structure for selectively engaging a mobile phone or other portable electronic device. Preferably, the housing is formed from an anodized inscription or other suitable material similar to the cathode plate material. The illustrated casing includes an engaging rail 7 1 a extending along each side wall of the casing 6 6 a for slidingly engaging a portable electronic device. As shown in Fig. 9 (b), the cathode plate 3 8a is convex and has a convex surface 7 7 a which is designed as a cathode plate 3 8 a and a side extending air groove 7 6 a. In the case of using the fuel cell assembly 3 1 a in combination with a mobile phone, the outer surface 7 7 a will normally come into contact with the user's hand during the use of the mobile phone user. The air groove 7 6 a is formed between a plurality of wide or high side extending nets 1 2 4. The suction port 8 2 a is located in one or more air tanks 7 6 a for supplying oxygen to the cathode chamber. The high net 1 2 4 intersects a number of narrow or short nets 1 2 5 extending longitudinally, thus forming an oxygen suction port 8 2 a. The suction port 8 2 a extends to the oxygen end of the polymer electrolyte film 5 3 a. This structure minimizes the resistance of the gas flowing through the exhaust and suction ports through the palm of the user. When the cathode plate 3 8 a is connected to any mobile phone such as a mobile phone, this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -28- 582124 A7 _____ B7 V. Description of the Invention (26) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Portable electronic devices, even when the component is placed When placed on a flat surface such as a table or chair, the curved structure of the cathode plate 38a allows the side to vent more. In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 9 (b), the shape of the cathode plate 38a is convex. However, we should recognize that a convex shape and other curved outer shapes can also be used according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 10, the detachable fuel box 3 9 a generally includes an expandable fuel bladder 8 6 a, a pair of expandable pressure members 8 7 a ′, and a sealable air outlet 8 8 a . The removable fuel cartridge 3 9 a contains a hard can 9 2 a formed from anodized aluminum or other suitable materials containing, but not limited to, polycarbonate or printed sheet metal. The hard tank 9 2 a is equipped with an expandable fuel bladder 8 6 a and an expandable pressure member 8 7 a. The expandable fuel bag 8 6 a receives and stores liquid fuel to be supplied to the thin-film electrode assembly 3 3 a. The expandable fuel bladder 8 6 a is a plastic material which is substantially impermeable to methanol and forms a vacuum, and is formed within the rigid tank 9 2 a. The structure of the fuel capsule 8 6 a forming a vacuum significantly increases the storage of fluid in the hard tank 9 2 a. The sealable air outlet 88 a is in fluid flow with the fuel bladder 8 6 a. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the expandable pressure member 8 7 a contacts the fuel bladder 8 6 a in such a way as to maintain a positive pressure on and inside the bladder. In the illustrated embodiment, each of the expandable pressure members 87a is a sponge-like member having a good volume effect. The member includes, but is not limited to, used in hearing impairments and is controlled by Indianapolis E, Indiana. — Sellers of A-R mixture companies. The compression sponge member has elasticity and functions as a spring member braided toward the fuel bladder 86a, so a positive pressure is maintained on the bladder. The best pressure The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -29-582124 A7 -------- B7 V. Description of the invention (27) The component is the inner shape of the box 3 9 a Cut from sheet material. We should recognize (read the precautions on the back before filling this page) according to the present invention that other pressure members and devices can be used to supply a positive pressure in the fuel bag. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 8, the replaceable fuel tank 3 9 3 includes a centrifugal opening or an air outlet 88a, as shown in sections 12 (a) and 12 (b). The air outlet is associated with a device 1 2 7 Closed to form a two-way valve closing valve 1 2 8. The two-way valve 1 2 8 is a spring-loaded device, wherein the air outlet 8 8 a includes a spring 1 2 9 ′ that biases a valve member i 3 〇 toward the sealed position so that when the fuel cartridge is removed from the fuel cell assembly 3 1 a The cassette 3 9 a is sealed by the fluid and is opened when the cassette is inserted into the fuel cell assembly. Similarly, the device port 1 2 7 of the valve 1 2 8 includes a spring 1 3 4 that biases a valve member 1 3 5 toward the sealed position, so that when the fuel cartridge 3 9 a is removed from the fuel cell assembly 3 1 a, the fuel cell The fuel delivery system 40a of the assembly 31a is sealed and is opened when the cartridge is inserted into the fuel cell assembly. We should recognize that other types of fluid connectors may be utilized in accordance with the present invention. Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives. Using the fuel cell embodiments described above, some embodiments have described cellular phones and fuel cell assemblies for portable electronic devices. Note the special embodiment referred to herein as the interface, controller, and regulator circuit 41 for the fuel cell recharging electronic device (see FIG. 3, for example). Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiment of the inventive circuit 41, the example of which is illustrated in the following. Although the invention will be described in conjunction with certain embodiments, it will be understood that it is not intended to limit the invention to those embodiments. On the contrary, the present invention is expected to cover the Chinese paper standard (CNS) A4 specification (2) 0X297 mm which can be included in the paper size as defined by the scope of the attached patent application. -30- 582124 A7 ______B7 V. Description of the invention ( 28) Another option, modification and equivalent within the spirit and scope of the present invention. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) In the system, method, and circuit described here, there is a reference to a fuel cell or cell phone that is used with a mobile phone such as a cellular phone or its portable electronic device Fuel cell assembly. When the present invention and the application filed on June 2001, with the title, and fuel cell assembly for portable electronic devices, were co-examined in US Provisional Patent Case No. 6 0/2 9 5, 1 1 The fuel cell assembly and electronic device described in 4 can be found to have special utility when used; this patent is incorporated herein by reference. For example, a fuel cell assembly can be used to provide continuous power for a mobile phone. The power consumption range of this type of phone has always been about 3 60 m A (1.2 W) at a distance of about 3 · 3 V when the mobile phone is located closest to the other transmitter. It is between 600mA (1 · 98W) at about 3 · 3 v. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics However, we should recognize that a fuel cell assembly and interface and control system, circuits and methods according to the present invention can be constructed to provide a continuous power source for various power consumption ranges Other portable electronic devices still fall within the scope of the present invention. For example, a cellular phone and other telecommunications devices, video and audio consumer electronics, laptops, notebooks, personal digital assistants can be powered using an interface and control circuit and control method in conjunction with a fuel cell assembly according to the present invention. And other devices, such as geographic positioning system (GPS). Other uses which the present invention finds special applications include residential, industrial, commercial power systems and fuel cell assemblies used in propulsion power such as automobiles. For higher power delivery applications, certain components will be modified to provide the required voltage or current handling capabilities. For example, the paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) ~ 1-31-582124 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (29) For example, you can modify the content, resistance, transistor, diode, and other Components are provided to provide the expected operation and power handling capabilities. Moreover, although the invented interface and control circuit and method have found particular applicability to fuel cell charging devices, the present invention is not limited to such fuel cell charging devices, but is suitable for use in applications that need to be provided by the present invention. Interface, controller, regulating and monitoring other power sources. So it will be useful when an electronic device uses any power source or combination of electrical energy or electricity. For example, multiple such interfaces and control circuits can be arranged to control a variety of energy sources, such as solar or photocurrent sources, capacitive storage, chemical storage, fuel cells, power delivery with similar or non-similar voltage, current, or charge-discharge characteristics. Battery packs and the like. When referring to a fuel cell or fuel cell assembly, the fuel cell or fuel cell assembly may always include at least two electrodes that are unique to the voltage and current generated there. The two electrodes coupled to the fuel cell can complete a circuit through the circuit of the present invention with a load, where the load can be a cellular phone or other electronic device that is supplied with current. In an aspect and a conceptual level, the interface and control circuit of the present invention provide a voltage regulator function, which includes circuit elements for monitoring and / or regulating voltage and / or power supplied to a portable electronic device and ( (Optional) Store the battery. However, in a particular embodiment of the invention, the interface and control circuit of the invention provide operating characteristics, capabilities, and advantages that far exceed voltage, current, or power regulation. Electronic devices such as mobile or cellular phones require power. In fact, a typical phone will accept voltages within an acceptable voltage range (for example, the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 1 «Order printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-32- 582124 A7 ___B7_______ V. Description of the invention (30) Between about 3 · 3 to 4 · 3V, the normal operating voltage is 3 · 6V (please read first Note on the back, fill in this page again) and then try to draw the current that is unique to the power required for the voltage and current state of operation at that time. The power requirements during operation vary widely. With full operating power specifying a certain antenna distance and transmitting horizontal characteristics, for example, it can be as small as one or several m w to 1 · 8 w. It is noted that these voltage and current operations are at least partially derived from the fact that devices such as mobile phones have been designed to operate from batteries having these characteristics. Figure 13 shows the battery site, which has four endpoints, a POS endpoint 2 0 1, a NEG endpoint 2 0 2, an ID endpoint 2 0 3, and a T E MP endpoint 2 0 4. These endpoints are connected to telephones that support two types of power (PoS and NEG), battery type identification (ID), and battery temperature (T Ε Μ Ρ) indicator type. Other or different endpoint architectures can be provided to support other devices. The POS terminal 2 01 provides a positive voltage and a positive current to the phone and the NEG terminal 2 02 provides a negative voltage and a negative current to the phone or other electronic device. These terminals can also direct voltage and current back to the battery in the opposite direction during charging. The Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs's Consumer Cooperatives printed telephones to use (optional) battery-type indicator lights or ID 2 0 3, so when the telephone can use information such as lithium-ion batteries, nickel metal hydride batteries, telephones or other devices can This information. You can always use the battery temperature indicator signal that can be indicated by Τ Ε ΡΡ 204, to adjust the charge (and discharge). Keep the battery in a safe state and, more particularly, prevent overheating from excessively fast charging. Battery technology with this type of endpoint architecture is known in the art and is not described in detail here. This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) " " '-33- 582124 A7 ____ B7_ V. Description of the invention (31) A normal battery box will usually provide 9 0 0 to 1 A battery of 600 amp-hr and the battery is a lithium-ion type, with a certain type of battery protection circuit 206. Under certain conditions, the lithium-ion type battery is liable to explode. For example, U C C 3 9 5 2 PW-2 of Texas Instrument is an example of a battery protection circuit 206 in the form of an integrated circuit chip that can be used. The specifications table of Texas Instruments UCC3 9 5 2 — PW2 is incorporated herein by reference. If you try to draw more current from the battery, or if you try to push too much current into the battery, the protection circuit 206 creates an open circuit, or if no open circuit is created, it will limit the amount of current. This technology can also be applied to fuel cell power supplies. If you try to take more than 2 · 4 volts, and if you try to take less than 3 · 2 volts, it will also cause a closed circuit. It is noted that an important aspect of the present invention is the ability to take a fuel cell voltage from another fuel cell or a combination of fuel cells, and the ability to increase the fuel cell voltage to one of the higher voltages required for the operation of an electrical or electronic device, and to manage the voltage from The fuel cell draws power and manages the ability to extract power and charge and discharge in a way that does not harm the fuel cell. In the embodiments described herein, much discussion has focused on lithium-ion battery technology, as it is the preferred battery technology for many mobile applications. It offers light and high-capacity storage with minimal memory. On the other hand, lithium ion batteries are very sensitive in terms of their sensitivity to short circuits, overheating, and explosion problems. The protection circuit is standard and must provide access to the battery in order to provide safety. For nickel metal hydride battery types, although such a protection circuit can be provided, it is usually not required. The circuit and method of the present invention are applicable to all types of batteries and are not limited to the lithium ion type. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 1 ^. Order printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Economics -34- 582124 Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by A7 __B7 of Intellectual Property Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives V. Description of the Invention (32) In the circuit of the present invention, a low chirp resistance R 1 7 (0 · 2 2 Ω) 2 1 0 can be measured to flow through the battery 2 0 5 The current. Therefore, it acts as a current detector in a battery current detector circuit. It is noted that the resistor R17 210 can be considered as a component of the fuel cell box or interface and control circuit of the present invention, and the resistor R 1 7 can be actually implemented in any of the alternative embodiments. Now notice that the boost converter circuit U 1 2 1 2 is implemented here with a MAXIM MAX 1703ESE chip. This circuit is mainly responsible for raising the fuel cell voltage to a higher voltage level and supplying charge to the capacitive and battery storage in the circuit. Device. The specification table of MAXIM MAX 1703ESE chip is incorporated here by reference. The two fuel cell endpoints are connected across endpoints F C 1 2 1 3 and F C 2 2 1 4. The fuel cell provides a voltage to charge C 1 (100 0 #F) 215 and C9 (220 // F) 216 to a voltage called F C + 2 1 7. Note that in this embodiment, the capacitor C 1 2 1 5 is removed in this embodiment. Although this implementation works, it does not provide the same level of performance. When six fuel cells of approximately 0.5 volts are produced in series, the F C + range can operate to 1.6 to 1.8 volts. The open cell voltage (without load) can be approximately 3.0 volts higher. The relatively high voltage open circuit provides sufficient voltage and charge so the processor U 4 2 1 8 detailed elsewhere can be initialized and controls the booster circuit 2 1 2 even when the two storage capacitors and the battery are discharged. The boost converter chip U 1 2 1 2 is voltage dependent and can operate at a very low voltage level when the output power is between about 1 and 2 W. U 1 2 1 2 At first, the paper size is LXP (pin 14). The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -35- 582124 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (33) Start the circuit to the ground and start the current through the inductor L 1 (5 · 0 // Η) 2 2 0. Unless clamped to prevent the voltage from rising too high, the current slowly rises and then the circuit becomes open, and the node of inductor L1 220 at U1 2 1 2 quickly rises from a ground level to a fairly high voltage level. The voltage is clamped in this circuit in two ways. First, it is clamped with DI (MBR 0520L) 221, which prevents the supply voltage from a high 3-6 volts to about 0 · 5 volts (a diode voltage drop). Second, it is clamped by one of the F ET switches inside U 1 2 1 2. This switch connects the pin from L X P (synchronous bypass arrangement) to POUT222 and POUT1 223 which return to 3.6 volts. This basically charges capacitors C2 (220 // F 10 volts) 224, C3 (220 β F 10 volts) 225, and C4 (0.2 // F 10 volts) 226. Note that the two capacitors C2 224 and C3 225 are combined as a 10 volt storage capacitor with a voltage (charge) of ‘4 4 0 // F. This capacitive reactance is expected but not easily commercially available and therefore uses two capacitors in parallel. Can use a single 10 volt, 220 // F capacitor, or other combined capacitors. Capacitor C4 2 2 6 値 is very low and is used to provide a high frequency bypass to remove the signal edge. Capacitor C 4 2 2 4 is optional and can be removed, however, the circuit performance will be slightly degraded. Note that in this procedure, the guided current is passed through the inductor L 1 2 2 0 to fill the inductor with energy, and the inductor L Γ 2 2 0 is transferred to the output capacitors C2 224 and C3 225 (and C4 if present) 226) and transfer energy to the output capacitor. Note that the storage capacitors have been charged with a low voltage at a relatively high current. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -36- 582124 Α7 Β7 5. Description of the invention. (34) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Electricity. If it is repeated many times', unless some method or circuit is used to apply current or other methods to control the accumulation of charge or voltage, the voltage will increase to a high level of p. The end point factory 8227 of U 1 2 1 2 is the ~ return pin. fb The voltage control signal characteristic on pin 2 2 7 which guides the above current switching via l 1 220. The switch is formed (pulse width modulation) to change power to control power in one or more timings. For example, if the inductor L 1 2 2 0 has a short on time, the power is small and the power to the output circuit is small at all, and if it is not conductive at all, no power is output. Therefore, if 3.6 volts reaches a desired level and no current is drawn, the switching is turned off, so no electricity is generated and the voltages on the storage capacitors C 2 2 2 4 and C 3 225 are at the expected level. The boost converter circuit U1 2 1 2 provides a reference point R E F (pin 1) 2 9 2 which is established at 1.25 volts. The goal is to make F B 2 2 7 to 1 · 2 5 volts. If F B 2 2 7 is less than 1.5 volts, the circuit will try its best to discharge energy. If F B 2 2 7 is higher than 1 · 2 5 volts, it will stop emitting any energy. We know that it is printed by R 1 0 (10 Ω), Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 2 3 0 > R 1 3 (294 KΩ) 231, R14 (12 1 KΩ) 232, and R15 (4 _ 42KΩ) 233 The voltage generated by the formed voltage divider is spread between the 3.6V supply voltage and the ground voltage. Note that pin F Β 2 2 7 sees the series R 1 〇 + R 1 3 and R1 4 + R1 2 1 5 to form a voltage divider 2 3 4 ° to establish this voltage divider 2 3 4 About 4.2 volts. This chip tends to establish a voltage of 4.2 volts, so its operation is strictly based on the voltage. It will taste this paper. The size of the paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (2) 0 × 297 mm. -37- 582124 A7 ____B7 _ 5 3. Description of the invention (35) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Try to achieve this voltage in the C2 224 and C3 225 capacitors. However, the operation is not strictly based on voltage and there are several other considerations that become the established voltage. First, the voltage is across the lithium-ion battery and its protection circuit. If the battery discharges under a voltage of 3 · 3-3.4 volts and someone crosses the battery to 4.2 volts, the battery will try to charge at a higher speed than it should. Instead, we see that the charging current makes the resistor R 1 7 2 3 6 sense and establish a voltage, and this first voltage 2 3 8 and the current resistance R 1 4 2 4 0 and R 1 5 2 4 1 The current generated by the second voltage 2 3 9 is compared. This comparison is done by the operational amplifier U 2 (LM V 921 Μ7) 242. The operational amplifier 2 4 2 can be conveniently implemented with the L MV V 921 M 7 operational amplifier manufactured by National Semiconductor Corporation, which is hereby incorporated by reference into a specification sheet for such a device. If the voltage of the positive input terminal 2 4 3 of the operational amplifier exceeds the voltage of the negative input terminal 2 4 4, the output of the operational amplifier output terminal 2 4 5 will increase and feed current to the diode. D2 (BAS16HTI) 246, and meet the current requirements, keep the feedback point FB 2 2 7 at 1.2 5 volts and require less current flow R 1 0 2 3 0 and R 1 3 2 3 1. The diode D 2 2 4 6 can be conveniently implemented using a B A S 1 6 Η T I diode manufactured by ON Semiconductor Corporation, and is incorporated herein by reference for a specification table of such a diode. Therefore, the voltage at the output or setpoint of the U 1 chip 2 1 2 will fall from 4 · 2 volts to 3 · 5 volts. This will slow down the tendency of the battery to charge (or overcharge). This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -38- 582124 A7 ___ B7_— 15. Description of the invention (36) Note that this chip is usually used as a fixed voltage source (u 1) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page.) 2 1 2 The new use of 2 1 and the implementation of certain feedback that will limit the voltage, so that the battery charging current will not be too large. Although the U1 chip 212 includes a feedback pin FB227, the use of the feedback input and the circuit for generating the feedback voltage is different from that used conventionally. Recall the use of a working amplifier U 2 2 4 2 and a resistor R 1 6 24 7 and a diode D2 2 46 combined in a voltage divider circuit. R1 4 + R15 across the voltage across R17 236 and across R 1 5 2 3 3 The voltage at the top effectively forms a feedback control signal generating circuit that provides input to the FB pin 2 2 7 of the U 1 2 1 2 circuit. If too much current flows through the battery, the voltage of R 1 5 2 3 3 will be too high and feedback will reduce this, so that the battery will not be overcharged. On the other hand, if someone tries to use a telephone (or other electronic device) to generate demand for transmitting power (or other higher than normal power) instead of standby mode, the circuit will continue to try to release more power at whatever convenient voltage , Try to keep the battery from overcharging and supply power to the phone. The modulator will turn on for a longer time, try to supply the phone demand and charge the battery. The fuel cell voltage dividing circuit of a fuel cell (extension between FC 1 231 and ground voltage FC2 214) printed by the employee's consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs includes R6 (10Ω) 251, R5 (9.53KQ) 2 52, R4 (6.49 KΩ) 25 3, R3 (16.9 KΩ) 254, and R2 (127KΩ) 255 ° VDIV3 between R3 and R4 2 5 6 The connection is connected to the A i η input of the booster circuit chip U 1 2 1 2 End (pin 6) 257. The paper size of Ain 257 or VDIV3 is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) — '— -39- 582124 A7-^ ___ B7 V. Description of the invention (37) (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page) 2 5 6 The signal or voltage becomes the sampling voltage of the fuel cell. If the fuel cell voltage is too high, below about 1.3 volts, the A i η pin in U 1 will rise against a reference voltage of 1.25 volts. Ai η 2 5 7 is an amplifier input, and A 0 2 5 8 will start to rise and detect that A i n 2 5 7 starts to approach the reference point voltage. In response to this situation, Α 0 2 5 8 is used as a current divergence. When it diverges the current, it starts to conduct the crystal Q2 (MGSFIP02EL) 258. Q 2 2 5 8 can be implemented, for example, with a power MOSFET MGSFIP02EL made by ON Semiconductor, and a specification of such a device is incorporated herein by reference. Note that the transistor q 2 2 5 8 is connected in parallel with the resistor R 1 3 2 3 1, and R 1 3 is a component of the voltage dividing circuit 234 described earlier. The operation of the transistor Q2 258 in combination with the resistor R 1 3 2 3 1 causes the feedback of the boost circuit 2 1 2 to be met. The F B pin 2 2 7 and stops emitting any power or voltage. The fuel cell can be controlled so that the output voltage of the fuel cell is not reduced too much, and the electric power curve relationship of the power can not be maintained. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs As shown in Figure 15, a typical fuel cell power output curve is usually a parabola. It is expected that the operation will be maintained on a downward slope to the left of the spike rather than to the right of the spike. Note that the battery is basically in parallel with the storage capacitors C2 224, C3 2 2 5 and C 4 2 2 6. If the battery stops charging C2 224, C3 225, and C4 226 via U 1 212 so that the voltage of the fuel cell is no longer pulled down, if the battery potential is high, it will discharge and supply energy to the mobile phone. This is 0 R equal to the logic input operation. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm 1 ^ -40- 582124 A7 B7. V. Description of the invention (38) Make the voltage build a circuit, storage capacitor Batteries are built together and at this time the most demanding person will supply the power demand of mobile phones or other electronic devices. Therefore, if the fuel cell cannot supply energy, the battery will be supplied. Under certain operating modes, the fuel cell, storage capacitor, and The battery can contribute power. It is noted that in one embodiment of the present invention, the battery is actually smaller and has a smaller capacity than conventional batteries due to the fuel cells effectively providing additional power. For example, in some conventional cellular phones, Lithium-ion batteries with a capacity between 9 0 氺 1 6 0 0 amp — hrs can be provided. In comparison, the fuel cell uses a lithium ion battery with a capacity of only 3 00 am ρ — hrs. Because you prefer to rely on the fuel cell Therefore, the battery is smaller than normal. In some instances, the battery needs to be replenished during typical high power transmission mode operation. During standby operation, the fuel cell is used to power the battery. Recharge. Other embodiments can use larger or smaller batteries, and in one embodiment, the battery is very small, such as below 1000am ρ-hr and is only used to buffer the charge of the fuel cells. In one embodiment, the battery is removed and replaced with a high-capacity storage capacitor. Of course, the battery and storage capacitor needs and / or sizes are as small as the operation required for the device ’s power requirements, and the operation required during any high power consumption mode Depends on the acceptable recovery time. Now that the power or energy flow has been explained: the way through the circuit of the present invention and adjusted, it is now necessary to pay attention to the point of view of a processor or microcontroller implementing additional control functions ια 4 2 1 4 The processor or microcontroller u 4 (ATtiny 15L) 2 1 8 is mainly used as a housekeeper. When viewing the voltage, as long as it is to check the fuel cell voltage, and decide when to turn on the converter U 1 2 1 2 and when to turn it off. Converter U 1 This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210x297 mm 1 ~ -41-i, m fc- ^ ni ί! 1 I 1-- --ft (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this ) Order printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 582124 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (39) 2 1 2 has a 10N pin 16 260 to make it work or not work. If certain conditions are detected, it will not turn on (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Converter U 1. U 4 2 1 8. Use the SVFC pin (U 4 pins 3) 2 6 1 to decide whether the device should be operated. During many phases of operation, the processor U 4 218 is not required because non-processor hardware provides sufficient control to maintain operations with the above feedback. It is advantageous not to operate the processor U 4 2 1 8 when very little power may be consumed in the sleep mode. Processor power-saving conventions and sleep modes are known to those skilled in the art and are not detailed here, but have always involved slowing or stopping the processor clock and / or reducing the processor core voltage. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Note that in the circuit embodiment of Fig. 13, various test pins (TP) and stilt pins (PG) are illustrated. These pins can be conveniently provided to monitor and test the circuit especially during the prototype development, but are not required in the circuit of the commercial embodiment. It is convenient to provide other pins to load software or modified software into the processor class. For example, an S D I pin is a serial data pin that allows programming within the processor circuit. P G 1 5 provides pins for a series of instructions in the line signal. P G 1 1 provides a series of pins for clock signals. Although there are other optional pins, the figure shows the expected pins.

Now notice that the processor, microprocessor, or microcontroller U 4 218. The 114 218 processor can be conveniently implemented with an ATMEL ATing 15L microcontroller. The ATM EL specifications included in this microcontroller are referenced here. This processor supports the implementation of modification or control processing. The Zhang scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (〇 呢) 6 4 specifications (210 mm 297 mm) " -42- 582124 A7 ____ B7 V. Description of the invention (4〇) A command or instruction for an operation. Now referring to Figures 16-24, several steps performed by software and / or toughness are described. There is a device provided from a printed board (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Swipe the interface on the circuit board to enter the computer program code into the processor. Among them, the circuit components of the present invention including the processor U 4 are Attached to the printed circuit board. When in the active or awake state, in the program, it is mainly the MAIN steps or routines that are continuously executed in the processor. A Cmp signal (pin 6) connected to a comparator in the processor can be used to achieve an awake state. This signal will be triggered at about 1.35 volts. If it triggers, it wakes up the microprocessor u 4 so that the code starts to execute. The hardware starts execution and generates an interrupt signal to wake up the processor. The flowchart of Fig. 14 illustrates the AM IN step or routine of an embodiment and will now be described. Note that all steps performed on the processor, microprocessor, or other logic described herein can be conveniently implemented in computer program instructions such as software or firmware. After the processor U 4 2 1 8 itself is initialized (INITS) printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, MAIN 3 0 1 starts, it jumps into its main process loop and continues to execute when it wakes up Its loop, that is until it goes into sleep mode. As soon as M A I N 3 0 1 is executed, two voltage readings of Vout 302 and VFC303 are read conventionally using A D C and stored. More specifically, the implementation of ADC channel 0 (Vout) and ADC channel 3 (V F C) includes measuring the voltage and converting them into a digital digit 値 and storing them in memory or a register. Regarding the situation of system components and any corrective actions that may be required or expected, these voltages are used for this paper. The size of the paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X 297 mm) '-43- 582124 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ( 41) Further decision. Note that the measurements are based on the major loops, making this monitoring somewhat continuous when the processor is awake. Next, a decision is made in MAIN010 304 as to whether the booster circuit u 1 is in the ON or OFF state. (Notice that the special term, MAINXXX 〃 refers to the label in the processor code, but here they can be called regular, where they are actually part of the MAIN step.) Start from 0FF, and explain 〇N and 〇FF status. If the boost circuit U 1 2 1 2 is in the 0F F state, the M A I N 1 0 0 305 ′ is flashed to indicate a possible problem condition. Then when the answers to these inquiries indicate appropriate operations, problems that can be solved, or situations where problems cannot be resolved, a series of decisions are made relative to the fuel cell voltage (V F C). Four software V F C levels are used, and some modification of these levels can be done under hardware and / or software control to fine-tune the system. Level 1 refers to a VFC with a voltage of 2.4 volts, level 2 refers to a voltage of about 1.5 volts, level 3 refers to a voltage of about 1.2 volts, and level 4 refers to It is about 1.1 volts. After flashing L E D, the program determines whether the fuel cell voltage v ρ C (MAIN1 10) 306 is above (high) or below (low) the level 1 voltage (here, 2 · 4 volts). Under no load, if the fuel cell voltage is above 2.4 volts (above level 1), perform MAIN 1 4 0 3 07 to perform a fuel cell load test, where an increasing load is applied to the fuel cell, see What happens to its output voltage. If the fuel cell contains improper fuel and generates electricity (or in different cases, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) is applied in the $ Zhang scale ----- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the 1T-44- 582124 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (42) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Some way has failed), then it will not be maintained Its output voltage and the test will fail. On the other hand, if the fuel is injected and is active in different situations, it should pass the load test. If the load test (MAIN 1 50) 308 passes or 0K, the boost converter circuit 2 1 2 is started or started with the conventional MAIN160 309. If the load test is not completed 0K ', the program returns to the execution of another MAI NR loop And restart the program. In the case of a load test of 0K or 0K, the μ A I N loop 3 1 0 is performed again. The fuel cell converter is turned on in one case and not turned on in the other case. A load test is performed to determine if the fuel cell can sustain operations. Note that the load test and / or MAI NR 1 4 0 3 0 7 conventionally has a counter in it, so that the load test is not actually implemented in each program loop that forms the load test every few milliseconds, but when the load test is appropriate The load test is performed approximately every ten seconds. For example, when implementing MAI Ν 1 1 〇3 0 6 and determining that the fuel cell voltage is less than level 1 (2.4 volts), then perform the MAI Ν 1 2 0 3 1 1 routine and determine whether the relevant v FC is greater than or less than the level Quasi 3 voltages (1.2 volts). If the inquiry and comparison table is printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, indicating that V F C is greater than level 3, no action is taken and μ A I N is executed again. However, if V F C is less than level 3, then the M A I Ν 1 3 0 3 12 routine is executed to query whether the processor U 4 should remain operational or put itself into a non-active sleep mode that is substantially power efficient. The processor can be planned in a variety of ways, providing continuous monitoring and attempting to operate the fuel cell to generate (to consume power faster) or put the processor into a sleep mode, thus saving power until fuel is refilled into the fuel cell or The size of this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) '' --- *-* -45- 582124 A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention (43) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) to take other corrective actions. In one embodiment, when the VFC is less than the threshold voltage of level 3, the processor is put into a sleep mode until triggered by a hardware comparator trigger circuit at a voltage somewhere between level 2 and level 3. Processor and woke up. Therefore, in at least one embodiment, if V F C is less than level 3, then M A I N 2 0 0 3 1 4 is routinely put into sleep mode because it cannot recover from the fuel cell condition at that time. M A I N 2 0 0 3 1 4 provides steps and functions for setting the processor to sleep, maintaining a low-power sleep mode, and resetting the processor after the processor resumes from sleep. If the corrective action such as refueling is not taken and the fuel cell operation is resumed, the processor or microcontroller U 4 will eventually stop because there is even no voltage available for operation. The Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed back to the implementation of MAIN 〇1 〇3 〇4, if there is fuel or when the processor goes to sleep and then resumes from sleep after a revised refuel, fuel is provided , Then the state of the boost converter circuit 2 1 2 may be ◦N but will always be 0FF. The initial routine will place the boost converter in the 0F F state, so that it will be in the 0F F state when it is first serviced. For some reason, when the boost converter circuit is in the ON state, the processor enters the sleep state, and then if the processor U 4 2 1 8 wakes up again, it will remain ON. If the processor's sleep is caused by running out of fuel, and, for example, it is entered from M A N 1 3 0 3 1 2 (boost circuit is 0 F F), it will still be 0 F F. For example, when the processor enters sleep or will be 0F, the diagram of the boost circuit is usually in its past state, which illustrates these various conditions and states of the boost circuit when recovering from sleep or waking up. Returning to the implementation of MAI Ν Ο 1 0 3 Ο 4, this paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) '-46-582124 A7 ~ -----______ B7 V. Description of the invention (44) MAIN 〇 2 Ο 3 1 5 Determine whether the VFC is greater or less than the level (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 3 Voltage. If VFC is greater than level 3 (high), MAIN060 3 1 6 routinely determines whether V F C is greater than or less than level 2 voltage. If the VFC is greater than 1.2 V (level 3) and 1.5 V (level 2), the program executed in the processor determines that the operation of the fuel cell and the booster circuit is stable enough that it does not require monitoring or action and As already explained, execute MA 1 N 2 0 0 3 1 4 to put itself into sleep mode. Note that ‘while the processor can remain active, it consumes power due to unnecessary housekeeping features. Recall that during a certain range of operating parameters, the components provided include feedback control elements that control and regulate the operation of the boost converter circuit and other elements of the interface and control circuit of the present invention. Return to the comparison performed by ΜΑ I N2 0 2 3 1 5 to determine whether the VFC is larger or lower than level 3 voltage. If the decision result indicates that VFC is less than level 3 (low), then the conventional MAIN 3 0 3 Ministry of Economy wisdom The property agency employee consumer cooperative printed 3 1 7 caused the LED to flash, indicating a problem condition. You can choose the number of flashes or the period to match the operating preferences and expectations to save power. Next, the regular MAIN040 compares the VFC with a level 4 voltage (1.1 volts). If V F C is greater than level 4 (high), the program returns to M A I N 3 1 0 3 Ο 1 and then executes the loop. The voltage is still supported. However, if V F C is less than level 4, the conventional M A N 0 050 3 1 9 is executed and the boost converter U 1 is stopped. When in this case, the fuel cell appears to be insufficiently fueled to generate even a minimum voltage or have other problems. When the MA I N loop is executed, the boost converter circuit will be in the 0 F F state and as explained above, M A I N will be executed from M A I N 0 1 0. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) '-47- 582124 A 7 B7____ V. Description of the invention (45) Figure 2 4 provides a table suitable for calculation in the U 4 processor. Typical computer code, which usually corresponds to the description in the referenced flowchart. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Now notice that there are several other routines called by ΜΑ IN or ΜΙΝN. When the processor is first turned on, such as during reset, it performs a reset 3 2 0 routine (see Figure 16) and initializes the processor and usually initializes the circuit by other components connected to the interface and control circuit Reset 〇 Set up the clock interrupt service routine 323 (TIC ISR) (see Figure 17), with a predetermined time increment such as 0.1 seconds to generate a printout of the employee consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and generate Several such increments are counted until they reach an expected time. Normally, the counting volume is placed in a memory storage or register and the counting volume is determined to be zero. If the expected time has passed, this will reduce the number of comparisons that need to be decided. A conventional up counter can be used in addition, but it is not preferred. For example, providing a timer of 10 seconds counts 100 pulses of 0.1 second. For example, Flash described below conventionally uses τ I C I S R to control the flashing of LED. TIC I SR is executed in response to receiving an interrupt. TI IC has two conventional TI ICs and TIC B can use separate counters. Store the state in a register, and then determine whether the time clock A (T ICA) is zero. If it is not zero, it means that there is storage, and the T ICA counter is decremented, and then the T ICB is tested in a similar manner. Determines whether the clock is zero. If TIC A is zero, T IC B is tested in the same way. In other words, TIC I SR basically has an interruption. If there is something in the counter, the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) ^ " -48- 582124 A7 _B7______ 5. Description of the invention (46) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) (for example, the content is non-zero) decrement the counter, otherwise do nothing 'to restore the state and return to the code where the interrupt was received. In many cases, a single time pulse is sufficient.

The timer 0 overflow interrupt service routine 3 3 1 (T 0 overflow I S R) (see FIG. 18) is a simple interrupt service routine in which an interrupt that occurs and is handled by this IS is not enough to achieve its purpose. Therefore, there is no instruction in the TO overflow I S R. Compare interrupt service routine 3 3 3 (see Figure 19) to wake up processor from power saving sleep mode. This is an interrupt function. When an interrupt is encountered in the processor, eight vectors at the top of the code representing the IS R are set to transmit the various fragments of the code (see the code in Figure 24). Compare / IS R causes processor U 4 to go away and execute the next instruction from its sleep point. This means that it will resume and execute instructions until it goes to sleep again. For example, see the Sleep box in MAIN200 to find the point where the processor went to sleep and recover from sleep. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The Flash 3 3 5 routines (see Figure 20) used in several places in M A IN are related to flashing if it works. Flash is called whenever MAI IN comes to Flash conventionally. Flash polls the flashing time and checks its T IC counter to determine if it is zero. If it is not zero, go back without doing anything, that is, not flashing, but if it is decided to be a flashing moment, flash (unless there is another situation preventing it from flashing). Turn on L E D for a pre-set period (for example, 0 · 0 4 seconds), and then turn off. Then the flash counter is incremented. What I want is that the flashing period is limited so that no one has seen the flashing for a predetermined number of flashes or during the flashing period, the flashing will stop, and the power consumption will reach the most standard paper standard applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 male--49- 582124 A7 _____B7 V. Description of the invention (47) Small 0 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Load test 3 4 3 Routine (see Figure 2 1) for fuel One of the routines or steps of the cell load test. The time to determine whether it is the fuel cell load test. If it is not the time, then it is routinely returned without testing. If it is the fuel cell load test time, it is routine to load the fuel cell as a load and wait for a period of time For example, 0. 02 seconds), read the ADC voltage on VFC channel 3, remove the load, check the changes in VFC, see if the fuel cell passes the load test, set a flag indicating the test status (over or not), and then Return. The analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 353 routine (see Figure 22) is responsible for reading a VFC voltage, converting it to a number or a number, and returning the number to the requestor. AD C The MV IN routine can read Vout and VFC voltages in one direction. Implement the Wait 3 5 6 routine (Figure 23) and proceed as a quick subroutine until the event is completed. This is by setting up Timer 0 and sleeping until Figures 2 and 4 show a code used in an example of an embodiment of the present invention. The code is printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics and Technology of the Intellectual Property Bureau. The code is printed using a microprocessor to complete the control according to the present invention. Location 25. Figure 25 shows a typical state diagram for operating the circuit of the present invention, which is shown in Figure 3 60, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The state diagram includes a power-on reset routine 3 6 1. This figure shows that there is no processor control The idea that a hardware state machine will operate a boost converter. Although the operation has been explained with respect to a special logic, the paper size applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -50- 582124 A7 __ _B7 V. Description of the Invention (48) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Those workers with general technical skills will understand that different logics can be applied Achieve the same or comparable control, implement different decisions and comparison logic, and test more, less, or different voltage levels to provide comparable or at least acceptable operations. When inserting the fuel tank 3 9 a When the fuel cell assembly 3 1 a and the air outlet 8 8 a are engaged with the device port 1 2 7, the fuel bladder 8 6 a is in a fluid flow manner through the fuel delivery system 40 0 in a manner similar to the fuel delivery system 40 described above. The fuel chamber is connected to the anode plate 3 7 a. The positive pressure maintained on the fuel bladder 8 6 a promotes the flow of fuel from the fuel tank 3 9 a to the fuel chamber anode plate 3 7 a. In operation and use, the fuel cell assembly 3 1 is used in substantially the same manner as the fuel cell assembly 3 1 discussed above. 1 a ° Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs as shown in Figure 11 In another embodiment of the present invention, a spring-loaded replaceable cassette 3 9 b includes another alternative structure to maintain a positive pressure on the fuel bladder 8 6 b. In particular, the fuel tank 3 9 b includes a pair of compression plates 1 3 8, 1 3 9 which are biased toward each other and are pressed against the fuel tank 86 b by a pair of leaf springs 140, 141. We should recognize that other mechanical pressure members can be used in accordance with the present invention to provide a positive pressure on and within the fuel bladder. In many respects, the various modification maps are similar to those previously modified and followed by the same reference numbers of a and b to indicate the same parts. For the sake of illustration, the foregoing descriptions of specific embodiments of the present invention have been proposed. They are not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the present invention to the precise form published, but in view of the above teachings, obviously many modifications and changes are possible. In order to best explain the principles of the present invention and its practical application, other paper sizes are made to apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -51-582124 A7 B7 5. The description of the invention (49) is better than this Skilled artisans can optimally utilize the invention and various embodiments with various modifications suitable for the particular use contemplated, and select and describe the embodiments. It is intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the scope of the patent application appended hereto and its equivalents. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm)

Claims (1)

582124 "Appendix 2 of the scope of patent application ... No. 91111753 Chinese patent application scope of the application without a line replaces July 1, 1992 is amended 1. A removable fuel cartridge for a pure methanol fuel cell assembly 'Includes: an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid methanol fuel, an expandable pressure member in contact with the bladder for maintaining a positive pressure on the bladder, and an expandable air outlet, The fluid is connected to the capsule. 2 · The detachable fuel cartridge according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein 'the expandable fuel capsule is formed by a sheet of plastic material. 3 · If the scope of patent application is item 2 The detachable fuel cartridge, wherein 'the sheet of plastic material is substantially impervious to methanol. 4. The detachable fuel cartridge according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein' the expandable pressure member is a pressure bubble 5 • The detachable fuel cartridge according to the scope of patent application No. 1 in which 'the sealable air outlet contains a diaphragm. 6 · —A fuel cell assembly for portable electronic devices, including: a cathode, and a thin-film electronic assembly, a polymer electrolyte membrane including an anode fuel end and an oxygen end, a removable type A fuel cartridge includes an expandable fuel bladder for receiving a liquid fuel, a contact with the bladder for maintaining a positive pressure expandable pressure member on the bladder, and a fluid connection to the bladder. Expanded air outlet; and this paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) ^ 2124 Patent application scope: A fuel delivery system is used to deliver fuel from the cartridge to the fuel end of the film; the circuit that can be engaged by the connection port is a fluid flow connection of the bladder to the fuel end of the film . 7. The fuel cell assembly according to item 6 of the patent application scope, further comprising a casing adapted to engage a cellular telephone body, and the fuel cell assembly is adapted to replace a battery for a cellular telephone. 8. The fuel cell assembly according to item 6 of the application, wherein the polymer electrolyte membrane electrode assembly includes first and second catalysts respectively positioned on the fuel end and the oxygen end of the membrane. 9. The fuel cell assembly according to claim 8 in which the anode is electrically connected to the first catalyst and the cathode is electrically connected to the second catalyst. 10. The fuel cell assembly according to item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the expandable fuel bladder is formed of a thin sheet of plastic material which is impervious to methanol. 1 1 · The fuel cell assembly according to item 6 of the application, wherein the expandable pressure member is a compression foam member. 1 2 · The fuel cell assembly according to item 6 of the patent application, wherein the sealable air outlet includes a diaphragm. 1 3 · The fuel cell assembly according to item 6 of the patent application, wherein the fuel delivery system includes a long needle that can be inserted into the sealable air outlet. 0 1 4 · The fuel cell assembly according to item 6 of the patent application, wherein 'The fuel delivery system includes a manifold, which contains a one-way valve' For this paper size, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) M specification (210X297 male thin ^ ^: ^-(Please read the note on the back first) Please fill in this page again) Order P. Printed by the Employees 'Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 582124 Printed by the Employees' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A8 B8 C8 ______ D8 The circuit is a pure methanol fuel cell assembly for a portable electronic device, including: a thin film electronic assembly including an anode, a cathode, and a polymer having a fuel end and an oxygen end Electrolyte membrane, an anode plate, comprising a fuel chamber connected to the fuel end of the membrane in a fluid flow manner, a detachable fuel cartridge, It is dynamically connected to the fuel chamber and a cathode plate, which includes an oxygen port extending therethrough to provide air to the oxygen end of the film. 1 6 · Pure methanol fuel as in item 15 of the scope of patent application Cell assembly, where the polymer electrolyte membrane electrode assembly further includes first and second catalysts respectively located on the fuel end and the oxygen end of the membrane, and the anode is electrically connected to the first catalyst and the The cathode is electrically connected to the second catalyst. 1 7 _If the pure methanol fuel cell assembly of item 15 of the patent application 'wherein' the anode plate includes a pillar, the pillar extends toward the anode via the fuel chamber, The anode is biased to be in contact with the film. 1 8 · As in the pure methanol fuel cell assembly of item 15 of the patent application 'wherein' the anode plate includes an exhaust port for exhausting carbon dioxide from the fuel chamber. 1 9 · If the pure methanol fuel cell assembly of item 15 of the scope of patent application, it also contains: This paper size applies to Guanjia County (CNS) M secret (2ωχ297) Γ3 ^: ~ '(Please read the back first Please fill in this page again)-Packing · 1T • ml ml 11-ml 582124 A8 B8 C8 --------_-____ VI. Patent Application Scope-Fuel Delivery System The fuel is delivered to the fuel end of the film; (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). The removable fuel cartridge contains an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel. One is in contact with the bladder. An expandable pressure member for maintaining a positive pressure on the bladder, and an expandable air outlet connected to the bladder by a fluid; wherein the circuit can be engaged with the connection port to connect the bladder in a fluid flow manner To the fuel end of the film. 20. The pure methanol fuel cell assembly according to item 15 of the patent application scope, wherein the cathode plate forms a shell, and the shell has a cavity to receive the thin-film electrode assembly 'the anode plate, and the removable Fuel tank. 2 1 · The pure methanol fuel cell assembly according to item 20 of the patent application, wherein the casing includes an air groove formed on the outer surface of the casing, and the oxygen port extends from a bottom of the air groove to the cavity Inside, for supplying air to the oxygen end of the film. 2 2 · — A power box that explicitly cooperates to replace a battery for a cellular phone with a body, the power box contains: printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ~ fuel cell assembly; a removable fuel cartridge For providing fuel to the fuel cell assembly, the fuel cartridge includes an expandable fuel bladder for receiving liquid fuel, and an expandable pressure member in contact with the bladder for maintaining a positive pressure on the bladder 'And a sealable air outlet connected to the bladder by a fluid, and a casing, which is adapted to detachably engage the cellular telephone body, and the casing is provided with the fuel cell assembly and the fuel cartridge. -4-582124 ABICD VI. Scope of patent application (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 2 3. If you apply for the power box of item 22 of the patent scope, the fuel box is specially matched with a power box In use, the power box is specifically designed for a specific model of a cellular phone. 2 4 · If the power box of item 22 of the patent application scope further includes an interface circuit, the interface circuit includes: a DC-DC booster circuit, which is operated with an output voltage related to the feedback signal, A storage capacitor is coupled to and receives the charge generated by the booster circuit; and a microcontroller is coupled to the booster circuit to control the operation of the booster circuit. 25. The power box according to item 23 of the patent application range, wherein the fuel box is specially used with a power box, and the power box is specially designed for a specific model of the cellular phone. 2 6 · —A kind of interface circuit for fuel cell charging electronic device, including-DC-DC booster circuit, which is operated with an output voltage related to the feedback signal A storage capacitor is printed, the capacitor is coupled to and receives the charge generated by the booster circuit; and a microcontroller is coupled to the booster circuit to control the operation of the booster circuit. 2 7 · The interface circuit of item 26 in the scope of patent application, wherein the interface circuit is specially used with a specific model of a cellular phone. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 male thin)-582124 ABCD 々, patent application scope 2 8 · If the interface circuit of the patent application No. 26, the interface circuit is coordinated with control It regulates the drawn power and the charge and discharge of a fuel cell and maintains safe operation within a predefined range of voltage, current, and power. 2 9. A method for controlling the operation of a boost converter circuit coupled to a fuel cell and another energy storage device, including: providing a relatively high open circuit voltage to provide sufficient voltage and charge to increase the processor The voltage converter circuit is initialized and controlled; and the boost converter circuit is clamped to prevent the voltage from rising above a predetermined voltage higher than one of the open circuit voltages. 30. — A method for boosting a lower fuel cell voltage to a higher cell phone voltage, including: connecting most fuel cells in series to provide sufficient voltage and charge to initiate a processor's boost converter circuit Enabling and controlling; and clamping the boost converter circuit to prevent the voltage from rising above a predetermined voltage higher than one of the open circuit voltages. ^-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page), 11 LP Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper is sized for China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)