TW581896B - Precision fiber ferrules - Google Patents

Abstract

A multiple-port optical device uses improved fiber ferrules comprising various capillary designs and shapes to precisely position optical fibers and, in particular, the optical fiber cores. The fibers are screened for geometric characteristics which further aide in precisely positioning the fiber cores. The ferrules, capillaries, fibers, and adhesives are combined to reduce adverse thermal effects and maintain the position of the fibers over a broad range of environmental conditions in which DWDM packages and modules are required to operate.

Description

581896 V. Description of the invention (1) Background of the invention: 1. Field of invention — The invention relates to optical communication systems, and in particular, to equipment and methods for manufacturing and applying optical devices in football and telecommunication systems. 2 · Technical background Filters and isolation packages with three port ports are widely used in communication networks. These networks contain a variety of spectrums as' / 9 η $, 丨 9 sub-amps and & as part of the dense wavelength distinguishing multiplexing system. During this type of clock life, the need for type 2 devices that are susceptible to various thermal and mechanical loads is important. This type of optical device = ΓΛΛ academic wave filter component. A typical optical chirped wave component package contains two optical fiber optical fibers that are inserted into a ferrule of a double-capillary ferrule. The element: a component: a GRIN lens, and a wave filter. This crossing wave, two; in a typical three-terminal port package, the above dual light output collimation assembly is combined into a single-fiber. These systems or modules have higher insertion loss than expected, leading to a decrease in the efficiency of this communication. This problem can be particularly significant during exposure to ambient operating conditions. Because of the typical application of the wheel-in glass ferrule, there are two types of suitable field cards-one of the 4th mouth and the other. The single-capillary or mother fiber of each optical fiber has separate Circular capillaries, in which the type of fiber that can withstand the fiber— = '(0.7-1.2 mm) with fiber-optic input ferrules have corresponding input ferrules, such as gates and bow ends. Use this I Loop, the first fiber will produce a hong at this short conical end

Page 6 581896 V. Description of the invention (2) Bend, the end portion of which is usually more than 50% of the fiber diameter at a pitch of about 6 to 10 times the diameter length (for a fiber of 125 microns in diameter). This excessive microbend increases insertion loss. Although compared with the elliptical single capillary design, the multi-capillary design can reduce the lateral offset of the fiber interconnect, but the short-length conical end of this type of ferrule cannot reduce the microbending of the fiber and its inherent insertion loss. Fibers using this type of ferrule—The ferrule subassembly is manufactured by the following steps: insert the fiber with the primary coating stripped into the respective ferrule capillaries, and use epoxy to attach the fiber to the end containing the cone Part of the ferrule capillary; Grind and grind the fiber-ferrule into an angular section; and deposit an anti-reflective coating on the polished surface. Once completed, the fiber-ferrule will be aligned and combined with the collimating lens assembly, and then embedded in an insulating glass hollow tube, which is then protected by a metal housing. The above two different technical solutions are used for the bonding of the components of the fixed optical combination. Ϊ 二 二 二 Ξ Low matching between the matched glass fiber and the glass ferrule. The adhesive used contains a high Young's modulus (E > 100000 · w > (βη 1η_6 / 〇ολ U, UUU PS1) and a medium to high thermal expansion coefficient (cn ~ 40_60xl0 / C) white ί] u ·· 0, curing% milk resin. A typical example is 353 ND EP0-TEK epoxy resin furnace, and tw 疋 疋 鲥 拈 鲥 a agent. In addition, the thickness of the joint used is very small. Silicon adhesive is used to join the thermal ^ case, as well as the glass optics and + gen + plus ▲ l ^ m ^ 1 dry and metal brackets. In these joints, a compliant design is used. These silicon # p ° π 七It's called m πgan, and it can be cured between 20-150 C in the presence of humidity. Its general victory is: 0 □ Must ,,, Special § Low Yung modulus (E < 5〇〇

581896 V. Description of the invention (3) __ PSi), and high thermal expansion coefficient (α = 180) is the bracket and GRIN lens. It belongs to the first filter element ΐ: ϊ ϊ ί and the subsequent welding or welding is used滹 ”: Sealed into a three-terminal cockroach package with dense wavelength-division multiplexing module c ii The precise alignment achieved during the initial assembly of the oscillator, these components are soldered or welded between the two substances during the final packaging The heat-shrinkable non-dimethicone was lowered in the "J people" due to the structural constraints caused by the force connection on the glass and metal elements, there were several problems in the light parts. These; force mouth; raw yuan, 0 3, π ΛΓΛ Λ? ^ # ^ ^ Φ6ί,] 8 "-^^ Time-consuming alignment errors These errors require precise processing, J Li Dingping, and often repeated redo. 怛, 旎 regulations Reduced and increased cost :: the shift of the spectral efficiency of the optical effector. Using this type of 4 first 7 ° pieces, then positioning and wave desoldering: and / or direct connection of the flux, but for the evening戍 印 + 上 、 ， 取 取 子 凡 的 巧巧 染。 Have a low insertion loss I two: s: ^ In order to obtain equivalent Cheap and reliable. In addition, the; \ quasi; 1 degree thermal compensation optical multi-terminal 珲 packaging is necessary. ，, dagger attack should not only be suitable for mechanically protecting fragile

Tu Ming explained (4) Li: light m but also to compensate and reduce the frequency caused by heat "1 $ ^ required, because they can enter a cow and two soils, such as six-terminal itch bag = can reduce the insertion loss of the loss The step-by-step operation is cheap and reliable because it can be installed for a long time, and it can produce the main points of the invention: The present invention provides a low-insertion recruitment filter module), and uses access: to learn components (such as light Components such as input ferrules, collimating lenses, and :: some way to provide precise pairs of optical individual elements with respect to each other; and = combined; this way will not reach = possible. So far wave holders, Wide range of ultraviolet rays can be allowed: Active input ferrules and filters are actively aligned and joined by the door; and improved internal stresses in the assembly are followed by the use of improved curing adhesives. Right; 'Significantly reduced so formed the present invention On the one hand, it provides the curing of the optical entangled adhesive, and the tightness of the welding p is a measure of the optical fiber used in the technical use of the loop to = the flat capillary capillary. Another 581896 of the present invention Note (5) term is root Geometric characteristics you | & γ β Θ, IB Μ) ^ ^ ^ η Outer (cladding layer) diameter, roundness of the cladding layer (ellipse eight and ~ 焱 concentricity M, how to match the fiber door stain First, choose 4. The relationship revealed by another aspect of the present invention. The error of the distance between 0 and S, and the distance from the incident angle jmr of the optical filter, makes it contain five, six, or more. And quasi / Λ manufacturing becomes possible. As the number of ports increases, the method used to deal with this% ^ becomes more important and complicated, so the present invention provides two more difficult alignments. The present invention also provides options. Output calibration: The method of the present invention includes the following steps: actively aligning the filtering filter to a collimator assembly equipped with a GRIN, aspheric surface, or other collimator; aligning the filter, waver bracket, and The lens is axially separated at the movable: for this wave holder bracket alignment, simultaneous monitoring; through 2: t input and "signal, so that the insertion loss is less than about " through two = the end of the filter from filtering to the bracket Apply purple, 2 ,,,-to chemically align this subassembly. In the present invention- Gesture = heat curing through the 化 ίϊΐ "process, followed by high temperature. In another embodiment of the present invention, one or more holes on the side of the side where the ultraviolet ray holder overlaps with the lens are applied / formed at j. Consider the wave, the lens interface. This ultraviolet light source can be shaken: get; outside: the projection is projected between the bracket and the outer surface of the lens "=. In another embodiment of the present invention, the monitoring light yi Signal, adjust X] position at the same time to get the maximum detection signal.

Page 10 581896 V. Description of the invention (6) Align the filter and lens in advance before mixing. In the preferred manufacturing method of the present invention, it is 40-50 after the ultraviolet curing treatment. (: 2 to 4 hours of stress relief cycle, followed by a thermal curing cycle of about 1 to 2 hours at about 95 to 110 ° C to cure this component. In the embodiment of the present invention, the input sleeve applied The ring contains an input cone with an axial length greater than about 2.5 mm to reduce the S-bend of the input fiber, thus reducing the insertion loss. In another solid yoke of the present invention, the 、 and ^ are generally cylindrical The filter holder of the body has a ring base at one end to support the filter; and the opposite end has a lens bearing aperture. Its internal size allows the filter holder to be slightly tilted relative to the lens. This filter holder is provided with this waver The alignment angle of the central axis of the lens is less than approximately i degrees. Therefore, the lateral surface of the filter holder includes a slot or an opening, so that the two enter and solidify the adhesive between the lens and the filter holder. An optical group and / or an oscillating wave holder of a preferred embodiment of this month, aligned with each other and turned in a suitable one; improved methods and devices described in Ferrule = can be made to produce a few ^ L 丄 μ The six ends of the two pairs of optical fibers of Kou Xiping contain a beam in the input collimation assembly, which can reduce the two transmitted light shell units. In this way, for example, phase π & 丄 &: heart / yellow, collimating lens, Intensive wavelength division multiplexing of multiple port packages in parallel with the outside is used for joint operation. A typical dense wavelength division multiplexing module: reconciling multiple six-terminal port packaging. In this case, Zungu,乐 〇3 ～ 8 ", German epidemic day, collimating lens, and optical fiber

HIM · 5. Description of the invention (7) The number of ferrules can be reduced by half compared with the use of three-terminal port packaging. &: ^ The combination of the manufacturing method and the optical element invented by me provides an improvement. The exposed ring-in ferrule, the filter holder, =, and the opening / to provide low cost, high reliability and improved efficiency < optical Component combination, such as two colonies in ancient times, accounting. Add hj ★ one "and port Feng straight filter or six-terminal port collimation unit ★, and also use this group of guys. Ding mτ group 2 and 4-Wave < First, and easy-to-use is used in the @ set wavelength division multiplexing module that can be used in optical communication systems. Every device can be applied to the use of early-mode fiber that distinguishes multiplexed # at dense wavelengths; and it can be used in crystal-based isolators, recirculating "polar splitters, and the like. Polarized fiber. Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail below. For those who are familiar with this technology, it will be from this description or the basis: detailed description, " patent scope and drawings The described book clearly understands these features and advantages through interoperability. It must be understood that the foregoing description is only an example of the present invention, and is used for the invention defined in the scope of the patent application. The nature and characteristics provide a comprehensive understanding. The drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, are incorporated herein and constitute a part of this specification. These drawings illustrate various features and embodiments of the present invention, plus The above descriptions together explain the principle and operation of the present invention. Western detailed description:) ^ $ 100 first refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the first presented is an optical element (such as the filter personnel component 1 Brief description of this invention. This invention uses a three-terminal port filter and device as an example to describe and explain, but the invention can also be applied to multi-terminal port devices such as 581896 V. Invention Description (8) Six-terminal port device. For the port device, the number and position of the optical fibers in the ferrule 6 should also be changed accordingly. The dual-fiber collimation and filter subassembly 1 10 includes an outer cylindrical metal housing 12 which is respectively joined in the figure 1 Input and reflective fiber positions 1 near 8 and 2 0 1 3. Housing 1 2 encloses an isolated cylindrical borosilicate or fused silica sleeve 1 4 (Figure 2), where a double capillary ferrule 16 is installed to The input fiber 18 and the reflective fiber 20 are supported. The ends of the optical fibers 18 and 20 in the ferrule 16 are aligned with the straight lens 22, such as a GRIN lens with a smooth surface at the input end, as shown in FIG. Align and align the ends of the optical fibers 18 and 20 fixed on the ferrule 16. The lens 22 collimates the light from the input optical fiber 18 into a parallel beam and transmits it to an optical element, which can be a thin film filter, a birefringent crystal, Or other suitable optical components. Most connected The end of the collimator lens 22 near the filter 24 is referred to as the output end of the collimator lens 22. According to the method of the present invention, the filter holder 26 is mounted on the end 21 of the collimator lens 2 2 and includes an axial aperture 2 7 to allow light to be projected from the lens 2 2 onto the filter 2 4 and guide the reflected light to the reflective fiber 2 0. The filter holder 2 6 also protects the aperture 2 7 and 7 extending between the filter 2 4 and the lens 2 2. The collimator lens 2 2 is aligned with the wave finder or crystal 2 4. The fiber ferrule 16, the lens 2 2 and the isolation tube 1 4 are collectively referred to as the input collimation component 3 5. The collimation component 3 5 may also include a cylinder The shape of the metal housing 12 is similar to the structure of a single fiber collimation assembly, which is called an output collimation assembly 35 ', which is shown in FIG. Before describing the fabrication of the sub-modules that form part of the entire three-terminal port filter, the three-terminal port filter 3 is briefly described. Figure 3 also represents a multi-port 璋 device. However, for multi-port devices, the number and position of the optical fibers in the ferrules 16 and 39 must be changed accordingly. As shown in FIG. 3, the three-terminal filter 3 includes:

Page 13 刈 1896 V. Description of the invention (9) The outer cylindrical metal sleeve 32, the subassembly 10 is installed here as shown in the welding joint shown in Fig. 3, and it is used in the welding of the connection point of the person + joint. And / or welding contamination ^ 3; Π ί protection. The welding and / or welding material 31 can be protected by: metal sleeve: acid salt or fused vermiculite glass sleeve. The metal sleeve 37 is installed inside the outer protective sleeve 32 on the interface. The ferrule 39, the glass sleeve 36 and the metal sleeve 37 form an output quasi-component, brother. The output fiber 38 couples the desired wavelength output signal from the three-terminal filter 30 to the communication link where the three-terminal filter 30 is installed. Therefore, for example, π can use a two-terminal port filter 30 to receive multiple wavelengths from the input fiber 8 and pass a single output wavelength to the output fiber 38, and then return the remaining signal wavelengths to the reflection fiber 20. The method of combining subassemblies and their structural elements is unique and will be described in detail below. Furthermore, a specific method of aligning the output collimation assembly 35 within the metal sleeve 32 will be described below. The problems related to the ferrule of the prior uranium technology are illustrated in FIG. 4. FIG. 4 is a schematic vertical sectional view of the input ferrule 40 of the prior art. Ferrule 40 is made of traditional glass materials such as fused silica or borosilicate glass, and includes a pair of capillary tubes 4 2 and 4 4 separated by a knife. It has a sufficient diameter to withstand a diameter of about 1 2 5 U. M. Bare input and reflective fibers 18 and 20. However, the entire diameter of the optical fibers 8 and 20 includes a protective polymer cladding, so the diameter is approximately 250 m. The optical fibers 18 and 20 are bonded in the conical input section 46 of the ferrule 40 of the prior art with a thermosetting epoxy adhesive, which provides a glass ferrule coated optical fiber 18 and 20 strain. Release link. When the bare fiber

Page 14

581896 V. Description of invention (10) 4. Optical fiber II; ::: is bent at area 47. Interconnecting to the ferrule ^ m V causes the fiber to shift by more than 50% of the fiber diameter. ^ μ

V =: =: Due to the geometrical characteristics of the ferrule at 4 °, the insertion loss of the cast iron is increased. The ten hairs, fine features 42 and 44 of the first set of ten turns are shown in Figure 4A. The distance D1 is separated, and the cone length provided by the red circle of the inserted ferrule leads to excessive microbending of the optical fiber, and it is attached to Γ. Another ferrule structure provides an elliptical capillary in order to: ί similar The input cone structure encountered more curved middle ΐ =, second round :, using a modified ferrule 16, forming part of the mask 10, and illustrated in Figures 5 and 5 Α. Over 2 Λ5! ': The ferrule has an axial length. In the preferred embodiment, ΪΓcircle = loss: cone 17, priority ⑴ large: 2 times the length. Input diameter of the cone 17 D2 5 0 0 / input optical fiber with a trough The diameter of the combination of the 8 and the reflective fiber 20 is adjacent, and there is space on the side for the epoxy resin to join the fiber in the cone 17. Λ and the cone 17 that protects the fiber 18 and the 2 ° capillary 19 and 21 inside it , Its exit diameter D3 is best determined as: D3 = 2 fd + D1 or D3 = 2 50 // m + Dl, where = fd is the fiber diameter from which the cladding material is removed = I is satisfied that half soap any input fiber and each of the exposed optical fibers 125 and reflected straight U spaced distance Dl, also allows the input to the capillary 19 and 21

Page 15 581896 V. Description of the invention (π)-A gap of about one meter is allowed for the epoxy resin to protect the input and reflective fibers located in the ferrule 6. Two important characteristics and ideal errors are 25 mm ± 0.2 mm outer cladding diameter, less than 0.2% cladding non-roundness / and stamen less than 0.2 mm Concentricity to the cladding. By enlarging the axial length L of the cone i 7 to almost twice the input ferrule of the prior art, S-bends can be truly avoided / avoided to provide a truly nearly equal optical path length of the input and reflective fibers and reduce insertion Phase consumption. This technique can also be applied to ferrules with more than two fibers and ferrules with one or more capillaries. The optical fiber in the ferrule 16 is cured for about one and a half hours with epoxy resin applied. The epoxy resin used may be Epox Technology, Billerica, MassachuseUs' 353-pin EPO- TEK epoxy adhesive. This combination is preferably cured at a temperature of 125-13 (pc) for half an hour to reduce moisture absorption. The end face 28 for inserting and joining the optical fiber ^ ferrule end surface 28 is ground and polished to produce about 8 with the central axis of the ferrule Angled elliptical surface. The ferrule 16 is then glued around the thermally insulated glass sleeve 14 (see Figure 2) to form the input collimation assembly 35. Before inserting the ferrule 16 into the sleeve μ, μ sets and secures the lens 8 度 The ferrule is first aligned with the gap G between the end of the lens 22 and the ferrule about 1 to 1.5 mm, by rotating the ferrule "within the ferrule and positioned axially to place the lens 22 at about 7.8 degrees A surface angle in the range of 8.5 degrees allows active alignment of the ferrule axially and rotationally. For a three-terminal port assembly, a signal is applied to the input fiber 18 and the output of the lens 14 of the sleeve 14 is monitored. For multi-port components, for example, the alignment process for a six-port device is similar, but the signal is applied to each input fiber, and the ferrule is axially and rotationally positioned to optimize the alignment of all signals. Not only

581896 V. Description of the invention (12) The maximum signal between the input λ loss and the optical fiber and the input collimator lens 22 = the receiver support wave filter bracket and the filter and wave filter in it, as shown in Figure 6 of the tea, next Describe the filter 24 bits to the end 21 of the lens 22. Matching the angle of incidence of the chirped waver 24: === important. In the group 选 ==: the set of two-angle collimation components, with a quantity, preferably at 0.5 mm, the two-in-one collimation components 35. Used at the six-terminal 瑝 aaa y in ι 疋 's loss τ ,, ^ Λ; 〇 τ4 # ^^ matches the angle of incidence of the filter. 1 '/ ;; # / fiber separation distance structure error, the second pair of optical fiber automatically produces a full pair of pairs = thin tube # money knot fiber separation distance is approximately equal, so the mother to the optical separation The distance error is important at 0.5mm 疋 Λ // ground for each pair of fiber-to-step discussion errors. ^ Will have a cylindrical aperture 25 τ mr, ^ t, ^ ^ f 'F ": G1 ° ^ " at the lower end of the transparent stent 26 in Figure 14 and ^ 24 and the lens 22 are used together, and the slight incline of 22 is fine to the bonding mixture of the lens 22. Support / protection filter, waver bracket Unit made of steel. On page 17, 581896 V. Description of the invention (13) Lens 2 2 The filter 2 4 is installed in a filter holder 26 with a cylindrical aperture 2 g, and the angle 1 of the base 50 is inclined (Figure 6) About 15 degrees to 2 degrees, preferably about 1.8 degrees to accommodate an error of about 0.3 degrees to 0.7 degrees between the front and rear surfaces of a typical filter wafer 24. The inclination of the base 50 has a good effect in reducing the inclination angle of the bracket 26 relative to the mirror 22. The filter 24 utilizes a conventional epoxy resin or even Shixi organic resin bonding adhesive, such as% 5 7 7 or CV3 2 0 0, which is protected within the cylindrical aperture 29. The filter wafer 24 can be any commercial Thin film filter. For example, in the illustrated embodiment, the size of a commercial filter used is 4 × 4 × 5 mm. Such filters are commercially available from Corning Incorporated. The combination and method of the present invention can also use other optical devices such as various crystal X-based elements instead of the filters 24. The filter 24 is placed on the filter holder 26. The holder is clamped on a movable fixture that is vertical (see Figure 6). It can also be rotated to move in and out and connect the lens 22 to t, and rotate and tilt to take the initiative The optical axis of the filter and the lateral surface of the lens 22 are aligned to reduce insertion loss. Active alignment refers to the process of aligning optical components by using input light signals to the device while monitoring output signals. The relative passive alignment refers to the ray signal in the process of aligning the optical components. In the embodiment of the present invention, by using a signal of about 1 530 nanometers to the input optical fiber 18 (FIGS. 1-3), the reflected signal on the optical fiber 20 is simultaneously monitored to achieve alignment. The filter holder 26 is then tilted / reduced with the vertical control input and reflected signal and rotated in 2 to 5 increments to achieve the latest insertion loss. The filter holder 26 can rotate freely with respect to the lens 22. V. Description of the invention (14) 6-degree rotation. These include the slight inclination on the xz plane and the XY plane of Fig. 6, around the z-axis = rotation, moving laterally along the X and Υ axes, and raising and lowering the support 芊 along the Z-axis. Only the rotation and slight tilt along the XZ and YZ planes of the suspension are sufficient to align the components. The best implementation example uses an automatic repeat process to monitor the insertion loss of each pair of S and fiber for each tilt or day watch. The repeating process keeps saying that the whole wave filter = t monitors the input and output signals, and finally locates the best = ^ position according to a predetermined error. In a multi-feed system, the more ^ fibers ΓΛprocess ^ Λ degrees are added. The preferred method of confrontation includes the steps of collimating each pair of light cocks or calibrating positions or the median position. For the six-terminal solar alignment method, when aligning the second pair of reflective and input fibers, the clear and Λ-in fibers can be slightly downward. According to this issue 颏 #, > · 2 1 = 疋, block is poor, in the case of a six-terminal port device, we also ίday? Λ is often short (i.e., rarely repeated). When the pair-pair optical fiber pair pair domain and the pair-pair domain have a separation distance of 4, it can be expected that the lens 22 and the sleeve 12 are erected at χγζ of the traditional structure; once determined: d. The projection end of the lens 22 in the cavity 25 of the support bracket 26. S-axis: l: The optimal angular position of the bracket 26 and the lens 22, the filter contacts the lens 2 ° 2 ^:! ^ By: maintaining the angular relationship) to be able to: Shuttle, 丨 —A — * 刀 刀At regular intervals, four or more drops are preferably used to join the outer peripheral surface of the end 21, and at the same time, it is necessary to pay attention to the surface of the mirror 22 that is reduced by 3 m to the end of the end. Then the adhesive is in the transparent space. The ring connection between the cavity 25 and the lens 22 is used, and the solitary control is applied to the input and reflection fibers. 8 and 581896 V. Description of the invention (15) The 0 axis on the step adjustment frame to ensure the minimum insertion phase consumption. Similarly, we can also monitor the signal to reach the minimum insertion loss of about 0.3dB, the ΥZ axis on the adjustment frame we == each Λ thermosetting epoxy resin, the result is that the commercial_bu⑷〇 丄 rate is the most 'A Breckenridge, coradar'ie! Agent. A gap of millimeters between the outer diameter of the external line of the spoon and the heat-cured filling bond by the cylindrical diameter 25 of the cylindrical aperture 25 providing the support of the wave filter, Transparency == is aligned with the optical central axis of the oscillating wave device 24. Second, adjust it so that the angle 2 is less than about U degrees, as shown in Figure 6. 5 Use a standard maple positioner to move the plane to and from the plane. The lens 22 on the top can be actively aligned with the filter holder 26. One or more ultraviolet light sources, such as the light source 60, are radiated in the present invention to fully cure the bonding adhesive and fix the lens w The relationship lasts until the adhesive is finally cured. As shown in the schematic diagram of Fig. 7, the 4 wave suppression rooms 24 project the ultraviolet radiation from the light source 60 to the exposed end of the benefit 24, and the ultraviolet radiation (labeled 63) follows the ultraviolet radiation. It spreads to the adhesive layer 55 (Fig. 6) and diffuses. Due to the transmission of ultraviolet rays: the filter leads to adhesion. The front-end polymerization of the adhesive. In many examples, the ultraviolet radiation 63 of the filter 0 and the wave filter 24, and the exposure of the fixed distance Λ between the light source and the filter M for about 20 seconds will cause the adhesive to fully cure and 疋The filter is a support and a lens. In addition to using the ultraviolet light source 60 through the filter

Page 20

581896 V. Description of the invention (16) In addition to exposing the adhesive 55 to the device 24, the ultraviolet radiation 63 can also be used to guide the ultraviolet radiation 63 through the filter holder 26 and the purple / bull light source 61 to guide the gap G2 between the upper annular surfaces. The UV green mandrel-shaped end and the sleeve were exposed for 40 seconds for 12 seconds to cure the adhesive of the filter holder 2r for a total exposure of about 100 seconds. After UV curing, the annular area of the gap G1 is usually about 20 to 300 psi or higher stress, and the curing caused by the heating in the module will be explained below. However, before this stress is released and the input and output signals are raised to ensure that the reflected insertion loss is reduced, the thermal change of the input insertion loss to be monitored is also about 0.5 dB, below about 0.3 dB, and the outside line Subgroups can be followed in subsequent exposures. The purple emitted by the light n can follow the formation of the side of the filter holder 22] J: the description of the transmission of ultraviolet rays. In short, it is conveyed, for example, as shown in FIG. 8, the ultraviolet light sources 60 and 61 have the spectrum of the silver light source. FIG. 9 shows the experimental determination of ': selection,: water + from 啫, Shikoukou 〇a α 丄 丨, opening the source through the ^ wave shown in FIG. 6 = 24 large filter chip used < UV, Linear transmission spectrum. The external spectrum of the line drawn into the tangent number is transmitted to the layer A through the filter 24 and the ultraviolet curing cycle produces a change in insertion loss of approximately zero from 630 seconds to 7000 seconds. Due to the shrinkage of the polymerization, the initial curing of the UV rays causes the initial stress. For rhenium-filled epoxy adhesives with typical effective shrinkage volumes (grades of 0.2%), the resulting stress can be as high as 300 to 600 psi. Due to the UV curing, the stress that can be used to fix the alignment of the wave filter and the collimator lens 22 is reduced, and the bonding adhesive 55 is further cured during the thermal curing of the subassembly, which is controlled in a traditional furnace to provide, for example, The stress relief and thermal curing cycles shown in Figure 10. 581896

The graph in Figure 1 shows acceleration and thermally-assisted stress relief in the oven, which is controlled to provide several short thermal cycles where the elevated temperature preferably does not exceed 50% of the minimum thermal curing temperature. The cycle is usually 3 cycles starting from 1 room temperature, and the temperature increases between about 40 ° C and 60 ° C. The cycle is from j0 to 15 cycles per hour, and the total period is about one and a half hours to 4 hours. Thermal cycling will cause mismatched stresses in glass, metal filter holders, and adhesives. Although the rate of stress release in the adhesive increases with increasing mismatched stress, this stress value is limited by the allowable elastic limit. These temperature cycling changes cause the adhesive's creep properties to cause additional accelerated stress relief. As shown in Figure 10, the cycle by temperature is generally 2 to 24 hours without curing at room temperature, as small as about 1 to 2 hours. In this case, the repositioning caused by the heat of any optical element (such as a filter) can be completely reduced. As shown in Fig. Ο, after a thermally assisted stress relaxation (TASR) phase, a better EMI is used-3 410. In the case of adhesives, the components are subject to a final heat cure at about 8-5. The temperature of 0 to 100 C is about two to two and a half hours. Utilizing the thermal curing cycle shown in Figure 丨 〇, increasing the temperature will cause thermally mismatched stresses and existing shrinkage stresses. When the combined stress is below the synchronous elastic limit of the adhesive material, irreversible deformation and accelerated stress release occur during the joining. This effect will change as the number of thermal cycles in the initial stage of the TASR of the thermal curing cycle increases. Although the external light source 6 is used to guide the radiation 6 3 through the filter 2 3 to provide an adhesive bond between the filter holder and the collimating lens Required initial UV curing, as shown in Figures 11 and 12, filter holders can also be modified to provide additional diameter

V. Description of the invention (18) __ To expose the port to expose to improve the ultraviolet radiation through the glass junction (Figure 6). !! As shown, the dispersion of the ± UV light emission shown by households. ^^ γ ,,: ^^ 6, \ ί26 ^-«To adjust the filter support force ^ hunting the cylindrical hole below the square end includes multiple holes through the chain, but according to the bottom of the wave holder 26, 7 〇Separated from the filter holder:;: to: two extensions protruding radially inwardly from the thin groove:]-, intercommunication. I: 发; = :, Anruqi / ^ Example of ... High lens penetrating wave device 2 "However, the light source 61 ^;. =, The filter outer line in the device bracket 26 'radiates to the 26' frame defined as the downward branch Around, the bracket 72 that guides the purple septum will make the ultraviolet rays r a small groove 70, and the sub-plates between these small grooves will be further shot at the wall line that contains the vibration of the pair of lenses and the frequency of vibration to the cylindrical shape of the lens 22. Borrow Ϊ; Ϊ; = Annular space in the annular space is diffused to extend the ultraviolet rays to the narrow grooves 70 extending in the direction of the chirped wave, or other high light paths are used as ultraviolet rays. Fortunately, the wall has a proper shape of the aperture, and a branch-shaped aperture of 25 ' .Illuminate the lower part of the four middle lift / wave waver brackets that each receive the inner circle of the end of the lens 22, and make the ultraviolet rays of the adhesive 5 5; There is no need to use the light source 60 to read and cry through the filter. In this embodiment, the bonding agent is to use the face of the light source 61 to shoot and bond the sword, because the connection is done once. It will illuminate evenly at t. As shown in Fig. 12, it is combined to the synthesized three-terminal port 581896 by way of transmission.

V. Description of Invention (19)

The filter package is 30. The above description usually applies to three-terminal optical devices: car devices or more port devices. The difficulty of making optical devices increases with the number of light: and ports. The discussion below is about some of the features of this or more optical ports. The embodiments of the present invention have many uses and applications of five, six or more optical ports. For example, the equipment of multi-port thin film filters, splitters, circulators and isolators may include a six-terminal port device formed by a combination of one optical fiber and four fiber ferrules, and an eight-port device formed by a combination of two four fiber ferrules ^ And a five-terminal port device formed by one fiber ferrule combination and four fiber ferrule combinations. An important characteristic of a multi-port device is the error in the position of the fiber in the fiber ferrule 16. The heart of the fiber is only about 9.5 mm for direct control. So a 1 mm shift or error in fiber position can cause unacceptable insertion loss. Care must therefore be taken to ensure the total degree of error in fiber positioning. In order to achieve this degree of error, the fiber should be pre-selected to provide a concentricity of the core that is preferably within an error of about 1.0 mm, more preferably an error of about 0.5 mm, and most preferably about 0.1 mm The degree of error; and the ellipticity error is preferably lower than about 0.8%, more preferably about 0.4%, and most preferably about 0.1%. Concentricity refers to the deviation between the center of the fiber core and the center of the fiber. Ovality is defined as the difference between the maximum and minimum diameters of the fiber divided by the average diameter of the fiber, which is (D1-D2) * 2> / (Dl + D2). Pre-screening optical fibers for one or more of these characteristics yielded unexpected results, and the combinations provided provided the ability to combine and align optical fiber and other component parts in a manner that is reliably reproducible for commercial applications. Realizing this idea

Page 24 581896 V. Description of the invention (20) ---------: "Before the result", there were no commercial optical packages with more than three port ports, and there were also six-port port packages for commercial use. As for the ferrule capillary error production: the distance between a single square capillary ferrule between two parallel sides, the error of capillary-tube output + output ^ is preferably 252 mm ± 2 mm, and more preferably 251 mm: not, most It is preferentially 250 mm ± 0.5 mm. Other capillary shapes and equipment are also preferably similar in error. Furthermore, under the environmental conditions that the entire manufacturing, packaging and equipment must encounter, the error in the position of the fiber must be maintained. The method and equipment of the degree of error are the subject of this invention and will be discussed below. 'A Although some prior art devices can achieve the degree of error required for the fiber position at the beginning, when the device is subject to stress, tension and environmental conditions As a result, the fiber shifted beyond the tolerance, and these techniques failed. The causes of these stresses include: 1) the viscous flow of the fiber optic adhesive, 1) the curing of the fiber optic and ferrule adhesive 3) Due to the thermal stress of the final packaging operation or environmental test conditions. During manufacturing, the device is subjected to heat generated by, for example, [= using a welded package to protect the device inside the metal sleeve 32. At that time the device encountered external environmental conditions , And must be maintained at -40 ° to 85 ° C (industrial standard temperature range). Therefore, a σ characteristic of this invention is about a four-fiber ferrule that satisfies the aforementioned degree of error. Ferrules usually have , Two, three or more capillaries to support fiber-shaped borosilicate or fused silica components. In the previous Figures 2 and 3, we discussed the ferrule 16, however the capillaries of the six-port device are preferentially different °. 'The shape of the drawn capillaries and the manufacturing techniques shown allow the fiber to not only guide the central axis of the 八 ° eight spacers, but also to properly guide and limit them. 4 This 77

Page 25 581896 V. Description of the invention (21) Minimize the relocation caused by the change in heat caused by the adhesive flow and the separation distance between the two pairs of input and reflective fibers. Capillary tubes provide precise parallel positioning within the ferrule, and fiber splice, thus limiting the reliability of the fiber. It is preferable that the optical fiber touches the nearest-neighbor optical fiber, or there is a gap of not more than about 0.5 mm between the optical fibers. This will help secure the position of the fiber. 'Preferably do not entangle each other at the first 10 to 15 microns before the fiber enters the ferrule to reduce stress and / or fiber relocation. A illustrated combination process includes ^ steps. The fiber was stripped of the protective coating and the end of the fiber was cleaned about 5 cm in length. The fiber is dipped in an adhesive such as Epo-Tek 35 3 ND. The stripped light ^ j is then placed in the capillary until the fiber coating has just reached the conical end of the ferrule. If needed, the fiber can use additional adhesives that can reach the entire capillary. An adhesive such as 353 ND may be used, its viscosity at room temperature is about 3,000 cPs (centipoise), or other suitable adhesive. The estimated gap shown in the capillary corresponds to this viscosity. If the gap is too large, you can use a more viscous adhesive (500. When the fiber is inserted into the wool ,,, and Tian Yan, the increase in temperature will reduce the viscosity of the adhesive. Therefore it has a different viscosity Hysteresis and temperature, we can provide better positioning of the fiber and greatly reduce its relocation after curing. Generally, suitable viscosity I is used to simulate the viscous flow in the capillary using the Hagen-Poiseui equation. The fiber positioned inside the capillary is determined. After the combination is cured, the ferrule is polished at an 8-degree angle and coated with an anti-reflection coating. The connection layer between the fiber and the surrounding ferrule is very thin (preferably less than about 1 -1 · 5 mm) to reduce thermal stress and movement. Examples of various embodiments of the capillaries of the present invention are illustrated in Figures 3A to 1 3H and 1 4A to 1 4E.

Page 26 581896 V. Description of the invention (22) Figure 13A shows a cross-sectional view of the ferrule 16, which has a rounded shape or a rounded rectangular capillary 130, and the optical fibers 131a, 131b, 131c, 131d are closely arranged. Rounded capillaries provide a fixed separation distance, while rounded rectangular capillaries can vary the separation distance. There are several reasons for the good design of rounded and tightly packed fibers. Capillary shape and tightly packed fiber 丨 3 1 can effectively prevent the fiber from moving before curing, and can reduce the thermal stress on the fiber after curing. The curvature of the fillet 130a preferably has a smaller radius than the outer surface of the optical fiber 131. The angle 130a is preferably an angle of 90 degrees, thus forming a true square or rectangular capillary. Therefore, for the purposes of this specification, a true rectangular shape means that the radius of the capillary section angle is less than or equal to the radius of the wrapped fiber. Gap G4 is where the fiber is closest to or touching the wall of the capillary 130. The gap Gj is preferably less than about 0.5 mm, more preferably less than about 0.1 mm, and most preferably 0 (i.e., the fiber touches the capillary wall). The gap G6 that is closest to the optical fibers 131 a and 131b (also the optical fibers 131c and 131 (1) is also as small (preferably less than about 0.5 mm, 0.1 mm or 0 mm). The gap G5 is also preferentially ^ ( , Preferably less than about 0.5 mm, 0.1 mm, or 0 mm), but the far-end adjacent fibers 131a and 131 (the gap G5 of 1 can be relatively large to achieve the required number of ^ I columns given the separation distance shown The tightly packed optical fiber also provides a second Γ t, that is, only a little desiccant is needed in the capillary 13 〇, due to the unequal thermal expansion coefficient (CTE) between the optical fiber and 2 ^ agent, so A ^ Thermal stress. Even in the large gap G5, the bonding agent has a small effect on the stress or displacement of the fiber due to thermal expansion. The hair & sigh meter will prevent the fiber's tendency to shift and avoid fiber rotation, Caused by the adhesive flow before Uification (for example, fiber 131d is impossible to spin

Page 27 581896 V. Description of the invention (23) 'Go to the position of the optical fiber 131 & also the position of the optical fiber 131a). ~ Rotate to fiber 131b Once the fiber is fixed in the capillary 130, it is necessary to choose which fibers can form a pair (i.e. input and reflection). Generally, the positions of the fiber pairs are diagonal to each other. For example, referring to FIG. 13A, diagonally-divided optical fibers (such as ^ "and" bu can be optionally paired. The light signals moving through the diagonally-divided optical fiber may be at the same point on the center of the optical fiber 24. This may cause a signal If signal interference is a problem, then capillary designs that use a fixed spear of a fiber pair to change the separation distance will reduce interference. Several possible capillary designs are discussed below. Several other examples of capillary designs include Double elliptical capillaries (Figure uB), four-leaf head or quadrangular capillaries (Figure 13C), six-fiber rectangular capillaries (Figure 13D), two-chip ferrules (Figures 13E and 13F), four-fiber rectangular capillaries (Figure 13J) ' Double rectangular capillary (Figure 13K), variable double rectangular capillary (Figure 13L), double oval capillary (Figure 13M), mixed capillary (Figure 13N) and aligned gasket design (Figure 14A * 14B). For simplicity, in The relevant characteristics in each figure use the same reference number. The important difference between capillary designs is that some are useful in designs with fixed separation distances, while These are useful in designs with variable separation distances. For example, Figures 13A to 13D illustrate designs with fixed separation distances (that is, the separation distance does not change). Figures 13E to 13Η illustrate designs with variable separation distances. Generally The design of variable separation distance is used when larger separation distance is desired. Please refer to FIG. 13B, the shape of the double elliptical capillary 132 is similar to two adjacent ones.

Page 28 581896 V. Description of the invention (24) The oval shape, and the capillary 1 3 2 surrounds the optical fiber 1 3 1. The portion of the capillary 1 3 2 is formed around the optical fiber 131 approximately] [20 ° to 180 ° confinement arc 132 &. The gap between the surface of the optical fiber 131 and the adjacent wall of the capillary tube 132 is preferably less than about 1.5 mm, more preferably less than about 1.0 mm, and most preferably less than about 0.5 mm. Similarly, the gap between adjacent optical fibers G6 is preferably less than about 1.5 mm at the nearest point, more preferably less than about 1.7 mm, and most preferably less than about 0.5 mm. The range G5 of the fluctuation distance from the adjacent optical fiber G5 preferably ranges from 0.5 mm to about 300 * m, depending on the positions of the two elliptical capillaries. A pair on the diagonal, such as 1 3 1 a and 1 3 1 c, form the input and reflection fiber pairs. If desired, a double elliptical capillary can be expanded into three or even four adjacent ovals to form a multi-elliptical capillary. However, in polyelliptic capillaries, pairs of fibers on the diagonal are preferred. 13C illustrates a quadrangular capillary 133 surrounding the optical fiber 131. A portion of the capillary tube 133 forms a constraining arc 1 3 3a of about 180 to 240 degrees around the optical fiber 131. The gap between the optical fiber and the adjacent wall of the capillary is preferably less than about 1.5 mm, more preferably less than about 1.0 mm, and most preferably less than about 0.5 mm. Similarly, the gap between adjacent optical fibers is also preferably less than about 1.5 mm, more preferably less than about 1.0 mm, and most preferably less than about 0.5 mm. FIG. 13D illustrates a rectangular capillary tube 301 surrounding six optical fibers 131. Similarly, the gaps G4, G5, and G6 are preferably as small as possible to avoid fiber movement>. The gap is therefore preferably less than about 1.5 mm, more preferably less than about 1.0 mm, and even more preferably less than about 0.5 mm. In this embodiment, the optical fiber has two separation distances. The fiber pairs on the diagonals (ie 131a l31c and 131b, 131d) have matching separation distances. However, the fiber pair ’Ule and

581896 V. Description of the invention (25) 1 3 1 f has a smaller separation distance. Although a component is less commonly used, it may be useful in thin film filters in certain installations. On the body-based device, such as the isolation rYou 丨 上 ί: 1 ring and the capillary design are fixed to the capillary of the fixed separation distance Right :: = change or change the separation distance. For example, if a thin-film filter has two & angles of incidence, then the separation distance of the fiber variation corresponding to what is needed is very useful. The following ferrule and capillary design provides a separation distance of up to 1 = and maintains the same precise positioning method as the previous design: This design maintains a fixed vertical separation between the optical fibers, but it is horizontal (as shown in the figure). )distance. We also found that the most useful range for variable horizontal distances is from 5 mm to 75 mm. The example of the variable separation distance and capillary is illustrated in Figure 丨 3. E = crystal = capillary. The cross section f & μ ν of the four optical fibers 131 (two pairs) is composed of an elongated silicon chip (chip ) 1 3 5 a and 1 3 5 b inside the matching grooves iimi34 "° i34b. Shi Xi wafers are engraved with v-shaped grooves, two: again 0.5 pen meters. The crystallographic arrangement direction provides a good The angle is ^. The former, f: It is easy to mass-produce using the current etching technology. Two pieces of 135 females each provide four preferentially symmetrical grooves. Two central grooves (that is, optical fiber grooves) use Φ + au μ χ 134h. 4 a to form capillaries 13 ″ and 5 in the day-to-day frame. The characteristic is that the V-shaped groove can follow any required separation distance from the fiber to the fiber 131. . : = Protect the fiber m. Align the YA /// mixture into the gap to ensure that the grooves in the dry sheet form two alignment capillaries

Page 581 896

136 至 Align the wafer 135. A straight glass ball or rod U7 of approximately 300 mm in diameter is preferably inserted with a suitable size, up to approximately 302 mm in diameter, to hold the material with an alignment capillary 136 containing m. The rod 137 preferably has a degree of error of 20 mm, more preferably has a degree of error of 0.1 mm, and most preferably has a degree of error of 0.5 mm. If the rod is too large, the fiber will have extra space to move to its respective concave #. Therefore, glass rods are preferentially screened for "error". UV curing positioning adhesive and thermal curing structure 2 are applied to provide combined structural integrity. The preferred wafer sleeves are shown in Figures 1 3 to 1 3 F. Figures The wafer in 13F uses a small V-shaped groove 138 to support the optical fiber 131 and the alignment rod / pin 137. The small V-shaped groove avoids the contact of the wafer. This 嗖 = will allow the optical fiber to touch the adjacent optical fiber, thus preventing the optical fiber 131 In this embodiment, the large V-shaped groove (ie, the alignment groove) 138a supports the alignment pin 137, and the small V-shaped groove (ie, the fiber groove) 138b supports the optical fiber. The = type v-shaped groove i38a is preferentially 246 mm at its widest point. The small 乂 shape is preferably 120 mm at its widest point. With this design, the 131 V-shaped groove can be positioned as required. To change the separation distance of the optical fiber 131. Using known etching techniques, the V-groove positioning error is about 0.2 mm. 〇 If you want to touch more V-grooves with more fibers, this design can be easily extended to More dimple fiber. Even if the wafer does not touch, the groove formed by the matching groove can be called Capillary for this phase. The aligned and bonded wafer ferrule 16 is then cut, etched or machined ΐ or 4 circles? I-shaped or other desired shape so that the ferrule can be inserted into each of the protective glass B 14. This description In Figure 13G, the end surface treatment and

581896 V. Description of the invention (27) Like other ferrules, the end surface is ground into 8? Corners, and the material is coated. The person who is familiar with this imaging technology will take the light from the corner and use anti-reflection, similar to the capillary design, and understand the position of the fiber in about 0.5 milliseconds. The resolution of 卞 also supports light. Generally, the excessive money engraving of the V-shaped groove is not an θ engraving. As long as it causes the wafer to move vertically in one sentence: = excessive etching by borrow grooves, optical fibers and alignment pins are possible. There is movement. Figure 1 3H illustrates the two V-shaped grooves of the optical fiber and the alignment pin and the ¥ -shaped groove. It is easy to restrict the movement of the optical fiber. And right, niches. There are often few restrictions on the left side. Therefore, it is necessary to provide optical fiber instead of the right phase. Although the chip ferrule design has several advantages, the manufacturing cost may be very high, and the fiber is properly aligned to V. ' Time. Now the process of a day I, ^ ^ groove on H day may also be very consuming; in the future, we will reduce the disadvantages, but still use the V shape & ancient 4 f & 4

Coincidentally. Using this method, the technique of value efficiency can be used 17 times. J will use traditional ferrules and capillaries to describe H and use Figure 131 to illustrate. [Multiple optical fibers]: The following steps are taken, and a sufficient county library β Xiyou, cut 131 is inserted into the ferrule 16. The optical fiber 131 indicates the end of the loop 16. Two "wafers with front 1 31 ^ ^ ^! 1 V / 1! # ° ^ ^ ^ 1 3 9 ^ ^ ^ ^ The spring spring is positioned in the V-shaped groove as described above. It is lost by 2 or similar The device clamps the chip 139 in two: to create the position of the Γ tree. Using this technique, the two-chip design can be made better than the previous one. The fiber is positioned in a circle and accurately, and the adhesive is coated to The preferred method for all capillaries includes the use of a small portion of 581896 V. Invention Description (28) parts of the adhesive l, 44a and 144b to the fiber 131, just outside the ferrule 16 to block the liquid coated by I Adhesive. This adhesive is cured before applying additional adhesive. Apply adhesive 144c to the fiber and ferrule 16 = end and allow adhesion through the capillary 13. Treatment by capillary action, The liquid adhesive is drawn through the capillary 13 and appears at the end of the ferrule where it is closed by the cured adhesive 144b. After the adhesive 14 is cured, the wafer 139 is moved. The optical fiber 131 and the ferrule 16 Cut and polish as needed. There are two other techniques for applying adhesive before inserting into the ferrule. To the optical fiber. The advantage of this technology is that the optical fiber is held together by the capillary adhesive liquid adhesive. The use of the liquid adhesive can be by immersing the optical fiber into the adhesive, or preferentially by applying a small amount of Adhesive to fiber. Another design to achieve a variable separation distance is illustrated in Figure 丨 3J. In this design, a rectangular capillary 130 supports four optical fibers m. It is positioned on the wall of the capillary 130, so the separation distance is determined by the capillary 13 degrees to control. The gap G4 and GM are less than about 15 mm, less than about 1.0 mm, and most preferably less than about 0.05 mm. The horizontal gap G5 width can be determined as needed. The shortest or smallest distance between the cladding layers of 131b and 131c. 疋 However, there is another type of double rectangular capillary. Using known techniques, the capillary fl3G can be manufactured to less than ι 0 millimeters error. The separation distance can be accurately controlled. Capillary ⑽, the small label is not wider and higher than the fiber 131. 2. mm. The error of the capillary 130 is 2.0 square meters. So 'there is room for the fiber to be inserted into the capillary, It is still limited to 581896. V. Description of the invention (29) Relocation of optical fiber. There is another embodiment illustrated in FIG. 13L. As shown in the figure, this embodiment allows the optical fiber 1 3 1 to be positioned in a horizontal and vertical position in a variable manner. This embodiment is similar in design and error to FIG. 13K. Although the design of FIG. 13L can be used to achieve greater separation distances between optical fibers 131, due to stress caused by, for example, curing of the adhesive and thermal changes, The optical fiber can be easily relocated within the capillary tube. It should be noted that reasonable separation must be provided between the capillary tubes. We found that small separations can cause cracks and breaks in the glass between the capillary tubes. In this embodiment, the gap G 6 is the shortest or smallest distance between the surfaces of the cladding layers adjacent to the optical fibers 1 3 1 c and 1 3 1 d. Figure 13M illustrates another dual capillary design similar to Figure 13K. However in this example the capillary is oval rather than rectangular. The same manufacturing technique and degree of error are applicable to this embodiment. Figure 1 3N illustrates a hybrid design of fixed and variable separation distance fibers. This hybrid design combines various features discussed previously. The advantage of this design is that it is suitable for putting a large number of optical fibers into a single loop (for example, Example 8 shown in the embodiment). However, the separation distances of optical fibers are not equal. The four optical fibers 1 3 1 a-1 3 1 d in the middle of the capillary have a smaller separation distance, and the outer optical fibers 1 3 1 e _ 1 3 1 h have a larger separation distance. In this embodiment, the optical fiber pairing is preferentially as follows: optical fibers 1 3 1 a and 1 3 1 c; optical fibers 1 3 1 b and 1 3 1 d; optical fibers 131e and 131g; optical fibers I31f and 131h. Due to two different separation distances, this design is usually not good for thin film filters. This design is suitable for use as an isolator or other optical element that is not sensitive to the angle of incidence. There is another process and equipment for positioning the optical fiber in the ferrule.

Page 581 896

Align the washer to pinpoint the fiber. This process is illustrated in Figures 4a and 14B. A process using the alignment washer 140 is shown in FIG. UA. The gasket 140 is shown with four apertures 141 to support the optical fiber, but it can be easily applied to a larger number of optical fibers. The alignment washer 14 uses a simple and high-manufactured component to accurately place the optical fiber into the ferrule 16. Light lithography technology can be used to manufacture a straight melon with a precisely positioned aperture, 4 i and a spacer with a space of 14 between them, preferably about 1 2 6 mm to provide a gap of about 0.5 mm between the optical fiber and the aperture wall . For each pair of input and reflective fibers, the position of the aperture, the degree of error is also preferably less than about KO mm, more preferably less than about 0.5 mm. For example, the error degree of the distance D4 between the apertures 141d and 141b is preferably about 0.5 mF. The same applies to the distance between the apertures 141a * 141c. However, errors such as the distance d 6 between the adjacent apertures of 1 4 1 a and 1 4 1 b are preferably less than about 1.0 mm, and more preferably less than about 0.5 mm. The gasket 14 can be made of a light-resistant material. As long as the required error is achieved, other techniques can be used to form the gasket. Use gaskets 4 and 4 for fiber guide and limit settings. The aforementioned capillaries generally cause restrictions on movement or displacement of the optical fiber of less than about 0.5 mm. Look again at the washer 14o, the fiber 142, and the ferrule 16 shown in FIG. 14B. The optical fiber 142 is inserted into the first washer 14a, passes through the ferrule 16, and then passes through the second loop 140b. The ferrule 16 may have a conventional cylindrical capillary 130. However, 'this item shows that more capillaries can be used regardless of their shape. In this processing step, it would be beneficial to pre-heat the assembly to assist in the installation and precise positioning of the optical fiber 42. The assembly is then cooled to room temperature to secure the position of the optical fiber 142 when the adhesive is applied. The washer 140 is joined to the end face of the ferrule 16 ".

Page 35 V. Description of the invention (31) In the case where the loop has a conical shape, it is preferred that the cone be conical to open / stand to support the optical fiber (see FIG. 5). Through the bonding of the substrates, the capillary tube 130 is allowed to conform to the gap created by the liquid adhesive filling the flat portion 143 of the ferrule 140 to be cured. The optical fiber at the end of the curing adhesive tube 130, followed by UV curing or heating the ferrule, can also be used to align the flat portion 143 at each alignment. & 忐 的 § After the two flat parts are aligned, the optical fiber is also angled, polished and polished in the same way as the ferrule; the end surface is ground to about 8 fibers, and the separation distance will be in the anti-reflective coating . In terms of the incident angle of the chirped wave and the light to the refined fiber capillary, it is very important that the wavelet incident of the theory is Γ1ΓΛ away from it: the two exactly match what is discussed below (the error of about 0.5 mm) is very heavy & S makes the active alignment process easier and more successful. Separation distance :: Explore the relationship between the incident angle of the filter (A01) and the ray substitution of the fiber. # The precise error of the separation distance leads to within about 0.5 mm of the center of the core. Before discussing 滹 波 哭 1 鼾 = Li, define some proper nouns first. Long description. Normally, the percentage of bismuth produced by Hundo Island does not depend on the central wavelength (called V. Each angle is two = skinner to the required central wavelength and angle of incidence. Into: preparation two / Λ characteristics are According to the incident angle sound ^ τ. The value of the angle of incidence represents the angle of incidence required for the best performance of the filter. For proper operation and low insertion loss, a pair of optical fibers with relatively separated distances, ... υ 3 matching

Page 36 ^ 1896 V. Invention In order to this specification, the separation distance is defined as A; a: Heart distance. This term usually refers to the separation distance between a pair of optical fibers :: f). The reflected light in the preferred iρ input fiber of the present invention ranges from about 125 mm to about 250 mm. For example, if the separation distance of the range in the column is relative to the distance between the human shot and M 2 = inch theory (Fig. 15), we find that the wave component 104 is about 2 to 3 degrees. Stable alignment can be achieved by selecting two pieces of fiber-optic ferrule, which are competitive, cost-competitive, and filter assembly components. For example, '2', what are the characteristics that need to be matched? 6 'The angle of incidence of the collimator lens 22 and the wave filter lens, and the angle of incidence of the separation distance of the fiber, the collimation is known, and the manufacture of GRIN lenses with ^ f The optical characteristics have been obtained. The skin angle of the skin and the separation of the fiber are incorporated into the builder's angle of incidence and the separation distance of the fiber. The database is based on a combination of the central wavelength and the angle of incidence measurement. First, the root volume is as follows .Characteristics of the wave wave device. Light measurement signals can be implemented to guide the light into the light: = = leather component 10 or similar set, so that it is transmitted through the collimator lens 22 to the wave reduction 2 and transmitted to the input fiber 1 8 Decide on the frequency or the rotation of the wave signal, and the angle of the light signal continues to clear, the 'long withered jade shoot correlation filter' is usually commercially used thin film wave, and the output signal required for the leather 24. The phase angle f + and the incident angle are determined when the incident angles of the and are about 1.8 degrees and 3 degrees when the filter 24 reaches the separation distance data of the lightning i, and the relative separation distance can be combined according to the ferrule.

Page 37,-Description of the invention (33)-Repeatedly testing and measuring different filter incident angles to generate accurate data: The library is used to correlate the incident angle of the wave filter and the separation distance related to the ferrule. Those familiar with dagger = technology know that these measurements can vary due to the ^ = characteristics of the particular design of the filter assembly and should therefore be prioritized on a particular device. μ 而 产 ί = After the establishment of the tributary database, the packaging error can be specified. Filter the error of the input collimation component. As shown in Figure 15, the second table = the separation distance that shows the range of incident angles of the relevant wavelet is fast and = 4 classified elements are marked and marked, so that the matching part can be completed in a good range. As shown in FIG. 15, the range of each separation distance is 3-4 millimeters, which is about 3-4 millimeters. In order to achieve the final millimeter error, this compensation for this difference is satisfactory. It is a small change in the separation distance of the leather 24 which can be tilted by a small amount without significantly changing the filter. Where -Ϊ Ϊ Ϊ is required, the table is also arranged for more accurate errors. Because the Vj skin length must be very accurate, this may be very desirable. Ideally, a change in the angle of incidence will affect the center wavelength of the filter. The separation distance for each pair of fibers in the module will be the same or within about 2 millimeters. , So this input combination is placed in the predetermined demultiplexer 24 ~ interpolation & matching input collimation component (4 璋 or multi-port) 35 and filter input and Λ shown in Figure 15 as shown above. The combination discussed is "1G. 4 terminal and 2 fiber output collimation components will be aligned to get the maximum transmission; _ ^ Welded with the outer sleeve 32 (Figure 3) to accurately fix these standards." 581896

Interrelationships 0 The complete combination of multi-port devices 30 will be discussed below with input and output collimation and Pugu. Output fiber ferrule collimation group ^ 35, °. Manufactured in a similar manner to the s 疋 m tube 32. However, the root: 5 does not enter the collimation component and 35 phases instead of the output collimation group = middle die cast aspheric lens) In comparison, aspheric lenses are used at the six ends and G;: =: GRIN lenses. Suffering .. There is no better application of "Bu device", Baixian, aspheric lens has a longer working distance is defined as meaning: go to f] ^^, ^ / Λ ;; Τ Straight components should have exactly the same output abundance. This point should also be exactly the same as the power consumption of the wave filter on the surface of the multi-terminal itchy coating layer on the side of the filter substrate = on the surface. If only two: ίΓ ::, the wave The ti, y coating of the wave filter of the device must be a loose lens. The thickness of the wave filter and the substrate must be thin. (Specifically, the refractive index of the substrate is at this thickness. The wave film and the substrate have Disk film bit). It is also easier to break edges during manufacturing and during manufacturing :: f ”The working distance of the force-related limit mirror is equal to 2 micro-level allowance, # 衣纹 专. Aspheric surface shift, 隹 + +. Card, about 1.5 Ferrules in micrometers (and η from the quasi-filtered and matrix thickness. Therefore, better), GR IN or aspherical lens belt, gr # 4, ° and four optical fibers e ^ ^ X plane Lens, through (diaphragm filter) coating, base and double fiber ferrule. The underlying structure is also the same: two non-optimized insertion loss: four fiber ferrules, aspheric lens, base : (Thin film chirp) coating, GRI ^ t aspheric, and dual fiber ferrule., 'Π 通

581896 V. Description of the invention (35) Another-the advantage of aspheric lens is that the focal length has elasticity. The low incident angle of the wave filter requires the lens to have a longer focal length phase and maintain a filter-an aspheric lens. Can it also be low cost? Although it is easy to mold aspherical lenses. Dare! In the case of N lenses, the change for a very long focal length = the emissivity distribution, which also means that the difference T from the standard is changed. GRIN lenses that serve any focal length are difficult and costly. Differences make aspheric lenses more compelling in this application. . In the above manner, the difference between m κ and Γ is the same as that in the direct friction; If the fiber pair is not used in output collimation, w W, then the separation distance must be estimated. The output collimation assembly m is tilted at λ, and the combination of rotation and axial adjustment 35 is obtained to obtain the largest optical waveguide 24 alignment. This is because r: f t is smaller than the outer diameter of the output assembly 35 '. The micro-tilt device "protective sleeve 32 and the end of the output assembly 35 'extending from the protective sleeve 32 can also be used to achieve micro-tilt. The preferred embodiment provides a clearance of about 50 mm, which is sufficient for the sleeve The wheel-out component 35 in the tube 32 is slightly tilted. Once the active alignment of the output collimation component 35 'is completed, it is inserted into the collimation component 35. Outside: Welding and gluing with the gap between the security guard 32 Mixture 3 3 is used to fix the output collimation component 3 5. The above discussion is related to how to make multi-terminal devices such as four-fiber ferrules and six- and eight-port cymbals. The following discussion is further with these devices. The application is related to other advantages of the invention.

581896

Fifth invention description (36) First refer to FIG. 16A, which shows a schematic diagram of a four-port filter assembly, including a first input fiber 160a, a first reflective fiber coupled to a second input fiber 160c and a second Reflective fiber 160. Also shown are the ferrule 16, lens 22, and filter 24. In operation, the light signal input passes through the first input fiber 160a, is collimated by the lens 22, and is partially reflected by the filter 24. The reflected signal is received by the first-reflection optical fiber 1 β 0 b and transmitted to the second input optical fiber s160c. The signal is then collimated by the lens 22, and partially reflected by the filter 24, and finally received by the first reflective fiber 16Od. The signal can also be transmitted to the optical communication system, the network or the desired terminal. The characteristics of this device provide enhanced efficiency and are very helpful in optical communication systems. First, a two-reflector device is required, and the device is cut sharply from the same device to a fiber. The fiber-forming coupling device also uses the same filter every time to reflect the signal. The advantage is a filter device to perform this function. Furthermore, because the wave characteristics are the same every time, the efficiency is improved. When using two chirps, skin filters usually have similar but not equal filter characteristics. Ϊ́ Ζ ΐ produces improved filter characteristics, such as sharper tips and an example using 11 types of devices is a notch filter. A typical reflection will provide a separation of 12 to 15 decibels. = Available: With ί-the reflection will produce a separation of 24 to 30 dB. There are various other shapes of filters. Transfer between 160c. = ί ~ Reflective fiber 1601) to the second input. This eliminates the need for two optical fibers that may be common from an unbroken light and an optical coupling device between the split fibers. Use the relevant insertion loss. Elimination of surface mounting and Hanshan's effectiveness of four-port filter 161

Page 41 581896 V. Description of the invention (37) Another four-port filter 1 6 1 embodiment is very suitable for use as a gain flattening filter related to an optical amplifier. As shown in FIG. 6B, the signal is input from the first input fiber 160a, and is reflected by the gain flattening filter 24 to the first reflection fiber 16 0b. The amplifier 1 62 amplifies the signal and transmits it to the second input fiber 160c. The signal is reflected by the gain-flattening filter 24 to the second reflective fiber 1660 d 〇 In another embodiment, a single filter component 6 1 can be used to gain-smooth the signals from the two amplifiers 1 62. Figure 6c shows a schematic diagram of the filter assembly 161 coupled to the two amplifiers 162a and 162b. The light signal input passes through the first input fiber 16a and is reflected by the gain smoothing filter 24. The reflected signal passes through the first reflective fiber 16b to the first amplifier 162a. The amplified signal is transmitted back to the filter assembly 6o through the second input fiber 6c, where it is reflected by the gain smoothing filter 24, and is output to the second amplifier 162b through the second reflective fiber 6od. FIG. 16D is a schematic diagram of a five-terminal port filter 163 optical-mechanical. The operation of the filter is very similar to that of Figure 6A. However, this five-terminal filter includes an output collimation component to receive the 24 signal transmitted by the filter. The filter 24 may be any kind of thin-film filter, such as a narrow-band-pass filter as illustrated. The light signal is input from the first input fiber 16a, collimated by the lens 22, and partially reflected by the filter 24. The narrow-band portion of the selected signal is transmitted to the transmission light, m6Qe through the filter 24. The reflected portion of the signal passes through the first-reflection = m60b and the second input fiber 16oc, and is reflected by the chirper 24. The two shot signals are then output by the second reflective fiber 16Od, and the transmission frequency is separated by up to 24-30 dB.

Page 581 896896 V. Description of the invention (38) Terminals: 2 "In one embodiment, the waver packaging is coupled to the fan terminal or terminal 165 to dissipate excessive signal energy.] ,,, The slot is shown in Figure 16E. The wave wave 2 4 can be stunned. In the dry example, the λ book, x, / upper two can be any kind of thin film filter. For example, the pass filter state or gain leveling, Speak °., The input optical fiber! _, By the transmission " V straight: Λ first "input 9 into the signal to the eighth ~ minute transmission. The transmission part is transmitted through the wave reflection and the reflection part: the assumption is that the surface is connected to the communication system and system. The first-input signal reflection part: 0 is reflected by the% mirror 22 back to the first reflection fiber, and is coupled to the first terminal 16 through transmission. The terminal 165 is a heat dissipating device which is well known in the art, without: Dissipating waste energy. A similar path follows the second input signal to the second input fiber 160c. The part of the signal transmission is transmitted to the second = optical fiber 160f, and the reflected waste energy part reaches the second terminal 165b via the second reflective fiber. FIG. 16F illustrates another embodiment of the end port of the overall waste energy heat sink. However, in this embodiment, the heat sink slot terminal 165 is coupled to the transmission fibers 16 (^ and 160f. The reflected signals are output to the reflection fibers 160b and 160 (1), and it is assumed to be connected to the communication system. Fig. 16G is added using the present invention. / Schematic diagram of removing the package. The wave filter 24 is a thin-film band-pass filter that passes light at a wavelength λ and reflects all other wavelengths. The lenses 22 and 34 are preferably collimated GRIN lenses. The first light signal passes through the input fiber 11 to The wavelength λ 1 ··· λ η enters. The wavelength λ 1 is transmitted to the optical fiber T1, and the wavelength λ 2 ··· λ η is reflected to the optical fiber R1, so one channel or wavelength is removed or multiplexed by the input signal. Conversely, The other signal is at wavelength; 12 ... λη is input to fiber 12, and the third signal is at wavelength

581896 V. Description of invention (39), fiber 13. Wavelength; 12 ·: λη is reflected by the filter 24 to the optical fiber R2. The division wavelength A 1 is transmitted to the optical fiber R 2 through the filter 24. Therefore, long and 1 · h leave the package 171, so an additional channel or wavelength wave is multiplexed from the optical fiber 12 to the original signal. 、, Or Figure 16H is a schematic diagram of the eight-port package 166. This embodiment includes an η · :: input fiber coupled to four transmission fibers T1 ··· T4 via an input collimating lens 22, an optical element M, and an output collimating lens 34. Optical element: Filters of any shape are, for example, gain flattening filters or band-pass filters, and this embodiment is particularly suitable for use in crystal elements such as isolators: & selected optical elements. The embodiment of the last optical package of Bu Ma Ri is the eight-port add / remove device. Figure 丨 6! Is a schematic diagram of the package, which can add and remove two channels of two separate light signals. The operation mode is as follows: [The light signal is input with the wavelength λΐ ·. 'And' 2 are input by the optical fiber 11. The filter 24 is a band-pass filter, which can only pass the light of the wavelength j 1 and reflect other wavelengths. Therefore, the wavelength λ i is transmitted to the optical fiber, and _ the remaining wavelength; I 2 · · · and η is reflected to the optical fiber R1. The second signal with a wavelength input i ^ is input through the optical fiber I 2. The optical fiber 12 is optically paired with the optical fiber so the signal is filtered. The optical fiber R1 is coupled to the optical fiber R1, and the optical fiber R1 produces ^ Λ package wavelengths of j • • and n. Therefore, the original k with a wavelength of 1 and a new wavelength of 11 are added. For the optical fibers 13, 14, R2 and 72 also perform the same operation. However, in another embodiment, a streamlined module is built, as shown in Figure i 7 and 5 of the picture. "The four-channel add / remove module that is useful in communication systems is clear. Group. Combine four six-port filter packages 171 (such as those described in Figure 16 (ί 581896 V. Invention Description (40) =)) to build the module. It starts with demultiplexing (ie, goes =, contains Wavelength; U · · · and n demultiplexing signals pass through the first packer 7 1: Turn-in fiber II Into the package and collimated by the input lens 22. In addition, a part is transmitted through the filter 24a and transmitted through the transmission optical fiber η == the remaining wavelength; 12 ··· λη is reflected to the reflection optical fiber R1 and transmitted The first input fiber to two jl7lb. The filter in the package 17lb transmits two to the fiber T2 'and reflects the remaining wavelength and 3 ... λ "' ι] reflects to = 反射 sends a signal to the first input of the package mc Optical fiber. Continuing this ^ 1 ^ then * the wavelength in 3 is transmitted to the fiber 73 in the package 1710. Similarly, the wavelength; u is transmitted to the fiber 171 in the package 171 (1. The fiber 12: 'group 170 can also be Signal multiplexing. The second light from the package 171a is inductive and the signal is transmitted to the transmission fiber through the filter ... and consumed to the package 171b. In the packet step, the two wavelengths are multiplexed and connected. η is transmitted to the packaging π ... For those who are familiar with this subject, the best practice of the term = will not obscure the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the target.

Page 581 896

Brief description of the drawings: The first figure (Figure 1)

This is a perspective view of the filter sub-assembly of the embodiment of the present invention. The second figure (FIG. 2) is the sub-assembly shown in FIG. 1.

The third diagram (Fig. 3) of a schematic assembly of a part of the vertical cross-section is a schematic diagram of a vertical section of a three-terminal filter according to an embodiment of the present invention; the fourth diagram and the fourth diagram A (Figs. 4 and 4 A) are respectively applied Enlarged vertical cross section of the prior art ferrule in the prior art tear waver assembly, and right end view; Figures 5 and 5 A (Figures 5 and 5 A) are the waver sub-assemblies applied to Figures 1 and 2, respectively , And the enlarged vertical section of the ferrule in the filter of FIG. 3, and the right end diagram; the sixth diagram (FIG. 6) is a schematic diagram of the enlarged vertical section of the improved filter bracket of the present invention, and simultaneously shows its combination method; Figure 7 (Figure 7) shows the front polymerization of ultraviolet or heat-curing bonding adhesives when ultraviolet light travels through the chirped wave as shown in Figure 6. Figure 8 (Figure 8) shows the spectrum of the mercury light source. It shows the main part of this ultraviolet light spectrum; Figure 9 (Figure 9) is the ultraviolet transmission spectrum measured by the commercial thin-film filter used in the structure of Figures 1, 2, 3 and 6; Figure 10 (Figure 1 0) is the accelerated non-irradiation curing and thermal curing diagram of the subassembly shown in FIG. 6 FIG Η section (FIG. 11) is a filter of a stent according to the present invention

581896 is a perspective view briefly illustrating another embodiment; FIG. 12 (FIG. 12) is a schematic vertical sectional view of a three-terminal port filter using the filter bracket shown in FIG. 11; FIG. 13 (A 13A) is a cross-sectional view of an optical fiber ferrule assembly, which shows a rounded square capillary; FIG. 13B (FIG. 13B) is a cross-sectional view of an optical fiber ferrule assembly, which shows a double oval capillary; Thirteenth Figure C (Figure 13C) is a cross-sectional view of the fiber optic ferrule assembly, which shows four circular capillaries; Thirteenth Figure D (Figure 13D) is a cross-sectional view of a six-fiber ferrule containing a rectangular capillary; Thirteenth Figure E (Figure 13E) is a cross-sectional view of the fiber ferrule assembly, which shows a capillary formed by a symmetrical groove formed in a double silicon wafer; Thirteenth Figure F (Figure 13F) is composed of two wafers Another embodiment of the formed fiber ferrule; Thirteenth Figure G (Figure 13G) is a schematic cross-sectional view of the completed dual-chip ferrule in a glass sleeve; Figure Thirteen (Figure 13H) shows the preferred V- The structure of the groove and the alignment rod; Figure 13 (Figure 131) is a cross-sectional view of the optical fiber ferrule, which shows the optical fiber and two crystals Alignment of the wafers, and coating with liquid adhesive; Thirteenth Figure J (Figure 1 3 J) is a cross-sectional view of a fiber optic ferrule with rectangular capillary tubes with different separation distances; Thirteenth Figure J (Figure 13K) Double rectangular rainbows with different separation distances

Page 581 896 is a schematic illustration of a cross section of an optical fiber ferrule with a straw; Thirteenth figure L (Fig. 13L) is a cross section of an optical fiber ferrule with an elongated double rectangular capillary; Thirteenth figure M (Fig. 13M) is Sectional view of a fiber ferrule with a double oval capillary; Figure 13N (Figure 13N) is a cross-sectional view of a fiber ferrule with three capillaries; Figure 14A (Figure 14A) is an alignment washer Figure 14 (Figure 14B) is an exploded cross-sectional view of a fiber ferrule assembly using an alignment washer; Figure 15 (Figure 15) is used to match the fiber separation distance and the incident angle of the filter Example table; Figure 16 (Figure 16A) is a schematic diagram of a four-port filter component; Figure 16 (B) is a schematic diagram of a four-port filter component coupled to an amplifier; Figure 16 (C) 16C) is the unintentional coupling of a four-channel filter assembly to two amplifiers; Figure 16D (Figure 16D) is a schematic diagram of a five-port filter package; Figure 16E (Figure 16E) is coupled to The six-terminal port filtering of the waste energy terminal is not intended for packaging; Figure 16F (Figure 16F) is a six-terminal coupling to the waste energy terminal Another schematic port filter package; sixteenth graph G (FIG. 16G) is a six-port end add / remove a schematic view of the package; FIG sixteenth [eta] (FIG. 16H) is a schematic view of the optical package eight ports;

Page 48 581896 Brief description of the drawings Figure 16 (Figure 161) is a schematic diagram of the eight-port adding / removing package; Figure 17 (Figure 17) is a schematic diagram of connecting the six-port package to form a DWDM module. Description of the numerical symbols of the attached elements: dual-fiber collimation and filter subassembly 10; metal shell 12; position 13; sleeve 14; ferrule 16; input cone 17; input fiber 18; capillary 19; reflective fiber 20 Capillary tube 21; Collimating lens 22; Filter 24; Cavity 2 5; Filter holder 2 6; Axial hole 2 7; Cylindrical hole 2 9; Three-terminal port filter 30; Welding material 31; Metal sleeve 32; aperture 32A; output lens 34; collimation assembly 35; glass tube 36; metal tube 37; output fiber 38; ferrules 39, 40; capillary 42; capillary 44; conical input section 46; area 4 7; Base 50; adhesive layer 5 5; light source 60, 6 1; ultraviolet radiation 63; fine groove 70; stent 72; rectangular capillary 130; optical fiber 131; double elliptical capillary 1 3 2; quadrangular capillary 1 3 3; capillary 1 3 4; wafer 1 3 5; alignment capillary 136; alignment rod / pin 137; V-groove 138; wafer 1 3 9; washer 1 40; aperture 1 4 1; fiber 1 4 2 Flat part 1 4 3; Adhesive 144; Fiber 160; Four-port filter 161; Amplifier 162; Five-port filter 163; Terminal 165; Eight-port package 166; Six-port filter package 171.

Page 49

Claims (1)

581896 VI. Application for patent scope 1. An optical component comprising: a ferrule having at least one capillary extending axially through the ferrule; a set of multiple optical fibers, each optical fiber having a core and a cladding, placed on Within at least one capillary, the center position of the core of each fiber is relative to the center of the core of the other fiber of a group of multiple fibers to meet a predetermined error. 2. According to the optical component of the first patent application scope, the error of the central position of the center core includes the error of the ellipticity of the optical fiber. 3. According to the optical component according to the first patent application scope, the error of the center position of the center core includes the error of the concentric circle of the core core in the optical fiber. 4. For the optical component according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, the error of the center position of the central core includes the error of the outer diameter of the optical fiber. 5. The optical component according to item 3 of the patent application scope has a concentric circle error of $ 1.0 micron. 6. The optical component according to item 4 of the patent application scope, wherein the error of the fiber diameter is S 1.0 micron. 7. The optical component according to item 2 of the patent application scope, wherein the optical fiber ellipticity error is $ 0 · 8%. 8. The optical component according to item 3 of the scope of patent application has a concentric circle error of $ 0.5 micron. 9. The optical component according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the fiber diameter error is $ 0.5 micron. 10. The optical component according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the error of the ellipticity of the optical fiber is S 0.4%. 11. The optical component according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, the center core of which is concentric Page 50 581896 VI. Patent Application Range The error is $ 0.1 micron. 12. The optical component according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the error of the fiber diameter is S 0.1 micron. 1 3. The optical component according to item 2 of the scope of patent application, in which the optical fiber ellipticity error is $ 0.12%. 1 4. According to the optical component of the scope of the patent application, the error of the central position of the central core includes the error of the ellipticity of the fiber and the error of the concentric circle of the core inside the fiber. 1 5. According to the optical component of the first patent application scope, the error of the central position of the center core includes the error of the ellipticity of the fiber and the error of the outer diameter of the fiber. 1 6. According to the optical component of the scope of the patent application, the error of the central position of the central core includes the error of the outer diameter of the optical fiber and the error of the concentric circle of the inner core of the optical fiber. 1 7. According to the optical component of the first patent application scope, the error of the central position of the central core includes the error of the ellipticity of the fiber, the error of the outer diameter of the fiber, and the error of the concentric circle of the core inside the fiber. 1 8. An optical assembly comprising: a ferrule having a capillary tube extending axially through the ferrule, the capillary tube meeting a predetermined error in capillary size; and at least four optical fibers placed in the capillary tube, each optical fiber having Core and cladding, the fiber satisfies the predetermined error of the core concentric circle and the outer dimension of the cladding. 19. A method of assembling an optical device, comprising: providing a ferrule having at least one capillary tube extending axially through the ferrule Page 51 581896 6. Patent application circle; select a group of multiple optical fibers, each of which has a manufacturing error within a predetermined limit. The manufacturing error includes the core / clad concentric circle error, the fiber diameter error, and the fiber ellipticity. A combination of errors; and inserting the optical fiber into at least one ferrule capillary. 0. The method according to item 18 of the scope of patent application, wherein a group of multiple optical fibers is selected so that the concentric circle error of each core / cladding is less than 1.0 micron. 2 1. The method according to item 18 of the scope of patent application, wherein a group of a plurality of optical fibers is selected such that the diameter of each optical fiber is less than 1.0 microns. 2 2. The method according to item 18 of the scope of patent application, wherein a plurality of optical fibers is selected such that the ellipticity of each optical fiber is less than 0.8%. Page 52