玖、發明說明： 【發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明是關於一種複合材料薄殼接頭及其製造方法， 尤指-種具有複數層次之複合材料薄殼接頭二：製㈣ 種薄殻接頭的製造方法，可製造出表面平整的複合材料;專 殼接頭，且不需再進行二次加工，以避免損傷複合材料： 及影響複合材料機械強度及材質特性。 【先前技術】 按，複合材料之應用，泛見於各種需要輕質化及 2結構強度的器具及用品中’☆目前也有部分取代金屬 :料’而應用於民生工業、運動器材、汽車工業、以至於 二：工業上，X，複合材料能夠具有高強度，纖維在其中 刀决重要的角& ’這些強化纖維包括碳纖維、石墨纖維、 =_維' I纖維 '克拉纖維及其他有機或無機纖維，— :人對纖維的認知僅及於不同等級或不同類纖維對複合材 料機械性或物性化性造 σ 一 k成〜s 殊不知在相同纖維母材之 不同製程條件下會產生不同微結構之最終纖維產品，這種 不同微結構造成機械強度、熱傳導性及導電性 管件銜接之管接頭部位，不同的製造方法，對= s材料之管接頭影響更為深遠。 Y九圖所不，係傳統上以複合材料製造管接頭之装 置’其係利用鎖件彳7 ^ (7 ^ 7 2 )將連接件（7 1 )固設於桿件 上形成管接頭的基本態樣，而在桿件（7 〇 )及 連接件（7 1 )表面以對人 ^ σ组的半殼體（7 3 )加以舜芸 ，其組成後，在半殼體（7 m ^ d )表面貼覆複合材料，以乃 置入熱塑膠膜中進行加埶 乂及 …、使熱塑膠膜受熱緊縮定位走刑 貼後的複合材料，等到複八 7 材料熱固後，再分離連接件f 7 1 )及桿件（7 〇 )加 延桴件（ al ^ t 抽出，且由定型固化的複入材 料中取出半殼體（7 3 )，二丄 J複口材 而成型出中空的管接頭，提 管件銜接插設使用。 、七、 上述傳統複合材料的管接 ^ ^^ 貝万忐因熱塑膠膜本 身為舞性體’其熱縮緊壓複合材料的相對擠壓，難以 平整表：’而'易產生皺折紋路，所以尚需經由表面研磨 Γ達到商品化要求，，然而，複合材料成型 為e接減’再經研磨拋域理，會對於複切料形成損 傷，以及成品表面因二攻如丁 、兹t 1、 ，V致成品的機械強度及品 質難以掌握。 没及口 【發明内容】 有鑑於上述問題，發明人乃思及創新設計，而研發出 —種「複合材料薄殼接頭及其製造方法」，可製造出^面 平整而不需再加工之薄殼接頭，以確保複合材料製成^的 品質易於掌握，達到符合設計者需求之效果。 為達成上述目的之技術内容，是提供一種「複合材料 薄殼接頭的製造方法」，其製造步驟包括：第_步驟，以 各自獨立的支撐棒組成接頭造型之組合件；第二步驟，將 複合材料、膨脹材及複合材料依序貼覆於疊層治具表面， :成具有複數層的複合材料；第三步驟，將表面貼覆複數 層複合材料的疊層治具放入模具中加熱硬化；帛四驟，打 開模具取出疊層治具，並將支撐棒抽丨，而成型出具有複 數層次的複合材料薄殼接頭。 p h為達成上述目的之結構特徵，是提供一種「複合材料 薄7V又接頭」，其具有複數層的複合材料，且於内、外層的 複合材料間夾持封閉膨脹材。 藉由上述方法所製成的薄殼接頭，可達到表面平整效 果，使接頭製成品的品質能符合設計者需求，以充分發揮 複合材料輕質化及較佳機械強度之材質特性。 【實施方式】 本發明方法的製造步驟，可配合參看第一圖至第六圖 所示，包括： 〉 第一步驟（A)，以各自獨立的支撐棒（1 0 )組成 接頭造型之組合件形成疊層治具（1 ); 所述之獨立的支撐棒（1 0 )，可為金屬實心棒或空 心官’其表面可塗覆一層尼龍薄膜（1 1 )作為離形之用 ’使貼覆複合材料及熱固成型後，能易於抽出各獨立的支 摟棒（10)，而在支撑棒（1〇)末端設置定位孔（1 2 )，所組成的疊層治具（1 )可以插銷（1 3 )插入定 位孔（1 2 )，而將疊層治具（1 )定位在固定座（2 〇 )上； 第二步驟（B)，將複合材料（3 〇 )貼覆於疊層治 576792 具（1 )表面，如碳纖維材料或玻璃纖維材 Π; 疊層治具(1)表面，複合材:1: d ϋ )表面放置相同樹脂系列的膨脹材（發泡） ’再於膨脹材（31) ▲面貼覆複合材料：3 2 3 1乂 複數層次之複合材料（3 〇 )、（ ，形成 (3 ! ) ； ( 3 2 )夾持封閉膨脹材 第三步驟（c)，將表面貼覆多層複合材 32)的疊層治具⑴放入模具（4〇)中加轨硬化： 使膨脹材（31)於複合材料（3〇、32)的0中遇 =脹丄利用膨脹材（31)的膨脹力量去頂抵内；及外 層的複合材料（30、32)，使内層的複合材料（3〇 ==緻的抵逐於支樓棒（1〇)表面，外層的複合 材枓（3 2)外面能密緻的貼合在模具（4〇)之模穴（ 4.1 )内壁面； 、’ 第四步驟’經由上述步驟之熱固成型後，打開模具（ :取出複合材料（3 〇、3 2)的熱固成品及抽出形 層治具（1 )之支擇棒（1 〇 ) ’而成型出具有平整 表面之薄殼接頭（3 )結構。 ^上述說明例所製成的薄殼接頭，係形成具有複數層的 ，：：料’且於内、外層的複合材料間夾持封閉膨脹材， S件插设固結’而利用本發明方法所製成的複合材料 "妾員因熱固成型時之膨脹材向内外膨脹抵壓，使内 呈外層：稷合材料外表面能密緻的貼合於支撐棒表面及模 ” '内土面，而能達到成品表面平整效果，使製成品 7 的品質能符合設計者要求，並且可避免二次加工造成複合 材料的損壞，使複合材料所製成的薄殼接頭能充分發揮其 應有機械強度及材質特性。 x 如第七圖、第八圖所示，係依本發明方法去製造出不 同形狀的薄殼接頭’其同樣是以各自獨立的支擇棒，组成 疊層治具（50)、（6〇)，疊層治具（5〇)、（6 0 )同樣可以插銷定位於固定座（21) 、（ 2 2),以 及在且層具（5 0 )、（ 6 ◦)表面貼覆封閉夾持膨服 材之複層式複合材料（51)、（61)，而可將其整體 置入預设·的模具模穴Φ Γ-ι 八中進仃熱固成型作業，其同樣可依本 發明方法製成表面平整的薄殻接頭，以避免二次加工損及 材料’而能確保複合材料能充分發揮其應有的機械強度及 材質特性。 、Μ另外如第八圖所示，可配合接頭結構需求，而以空 心管作為内埋件〔9 q、 、乙d )，如鋁製空心管所形成的内埋件 j 3 )可5又置在疊層治具（6 0 )巾，使熱固成型的薄 二可提供不同轴向的旋轉軸桿樞設其中。 二）上所述，本發明「複合材料薄殼接頭的製造方法（ 昍直J 73利用自然法則之技術思想之高度創作，符合發 明專利要件，# ^ ^ 千友依法俱文提出申請。 圖式簡單說明】 圖式部分 #圖·本發明方法之製造步驟圖 第二圖 第三圖 第四圖 第五圖 第六圖 第七圖 第八圖 第九圖 ( (A)： (C)； (1 ) (11 (13 (21 (23 (30 (32 (41 (51 (61 疊層治具 )尼龍薄膜 )插銷 )固定座 )内埋件 )複合材料 )複合材料 :本發日月方、、1 Λ • /第一步驟以支撐棒組成接頭示意圖。 •本發日月为*、、上 法弟二步驟將複合材料貼覆於疊層治具 表面之示意圖。 /、 •本發明方法第二步驟將複合材料貼覆於疊層治具 表面之剖視圖。 •本發明方法中將貼覆有複合材料的疊層治具放入 模具中之示意圖。 :本發明方法所製成的薄殼接頭之示意圖。 •本發明方法用於製造另一形狀薄殼接頭示意圖。 :本發明方法用於製造又一形狀薄殼接頭示意圖。 :傳統複合材料管接頭製造方法示意圖。 二）元件代表符號 客一步驟 （Β)第二步驟 赛三步驟 （D)第四步驟 (10)支撐棒 (12)定位孔 (2 0 )固定座 (2 2 )固定座 (3 )薄殼接頭 (3 1 )膨服材 (4 0 )模具 )模穴 （5 0 )疊層治具 )複合材料 （6 0 )疊層治具 )複合材料 （7 0 )桿件 576792 (7 1 )連接件 （7 2 )鎖件 (7 3 )半殼體说明 Description of the invention: [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a composite thin-shell joint and a manufacturing method thereof, especially-a composite thin-shell joint having a plurality of layers. The method can produce a composite material with a flat surface; a special shell joint, and no secondary processing is needed to avoid damage to the composite material: and affect the mechanical strength and material characteristics of the composite material. [Previous technology] According to the application of composite materials, it is widely found in various appliances and supplies that require light weight and 2 structural strength. '☆ Currently also partially replaces metal: materials' and is used in the people's livelihood industry, sports equipment, automotive industry, and other industries. As for two: industrially, X, composite materials can have high strength, and the angle at which the fiber plays an important role & 'these reinforced fibers include carbon fibers, graphite fibers, = dimensional' I fibers' carat fibers and other organic or inorganic fibers , —: People's perception of fibers is only caused by the mechanical or physical properties of composite materials of different grades or different types of fibers. It is not known that different microstructures will be produced under different processing conditions of the same fiber base material. In the final fiber product, such different microstructures cause mechanical strength, thermal conductivity and conductive pipe joints, and different manufacturing methods have a far-reaching impact on the pipe joints of the material. What is not shown in Figure 9 is a device traditionally used to make pipe joints made of composite materials. It is the basic method of using a lock 彳 7 ^ (7 ^ 7 2) to fix the connecting member (7 1) on the rod to form a pipe joint. State, and on the surface of the rod (70) and the connecting member (71), the half shell (7 3) of the human ^ σ group is smoothed. After the composition, the half shell (7 m ^ d) is composed. ) The surface is covered with composite material, so that it is placed in a thermal plastic film for addition and ..., the thermal plastic film is heated and compressed to locate the composite material after the torture is pasted. After the material is cured, the connector is separated. f 7 1) and rod (7 〇) extension parts (al ^ t are drawn out, and the half shell (7 3) is taken out of the solidified compound input material, and the second part is made of J to form a hollow part. Pipe joints and pipe fittings are used for connection and connection. Seven, the above-mentioned traditional composite material pipe connection ^ ^ ^ Bewandiao because the thermoplastic film itself is a dancing body, its heat-shrinkable compression composite material is relatively squeezed, it is difficult to level Table: 'And' is prone to wrinkle, so it still needs to be commercialized through surface grinding. However, composite material molding If e is reduced, the grinding and polishing process will cause damage to the complex cutting material, and the mechanical strength and quality of the finished product will be difficult to grasp due to the second attack such as Ding, T1, and V. It is difficult to grasp the content of the invention In view of the above problems, the inventor thought and innovative design, and developed a "composite material thin shell joint and its manufacturing method", which can produce a thin shell joint with flat surface and no further processing to ensure the composite The quality of the material ^ is easy to grasp and meets the needs of the designer. In order to achieve the technical content of the above purpose, it is to provide a "manufacturing method of composite material thin shell joints". The manufacturing steps include the following steps: Independent support rods form a joint-shaped assembly; in the second step, the composite material, the expansion material, and the composite material are sequentially laminated on the surface of the laminated jig to form a composite material having a plurality of layers; in the third step, the surface is Laminated jigs covered with multiple layers of composite material are placed in a mold to heat and harden; four steps, open the mold to take out the laminated jigs, and pull the support rods to form Several layers of composite thin shell joints. In order to achieve the above-mentioned structural features, ph is to provide a "composite material thin 7V and joints", which has multiple layers of composite materials, and is sandwiched between the inner and outer layers of composite materials. Expansion material. The thin shell joint made by the above method can achieve the surface flatness effect, so that the quality of the joint product can meet the designer's requirements, so as to give full play to the material characteristics of lightweight composite materials and better mechanical strength. [Embodiment] The manufacturing steps of the method of the present invention, which can be coordinated with reference to the first to sixth figures, include: ① The first step (A), using independent support rods (1 0) to form a joint-shaped assembly Forming a laminated jig (1); the independent supporting rod (1 0) can be a solid metal rod or a hollow member, and its surface can be coated with a layer of nylon film (1 1) as a releasing agent. After covering the composite material and thermosetting, each independent support rod (10) can be easily pulled out, and a positioning hole (1 2) is provided at the end of the support rod (10). The laminated jig (1) can be formed by Latch (1 3) Position the hole (1 2), and position the laminated jig (1) on the fixed seat (20); the second step (B), paste the composite material (30) on the laminated jig 576792 (1) ) Surface, such as carbon fiber material or glass fiber material Π; laminated jig (1) surface, composite material: 1: d)) on the surface of the same resin series of expansion material (foaming) 'then the expansion material (31) ▲ Surface-laminated composite material: 3 2 3 1 乂 Multiple layers of composite material (30), (, forming (3!); (3 2) Third step (c) of clamping and expanding materials, covering the surface with multiple layers Laminated jig for composite material 32) is put into the mold (40) and hardened by rails: The expansion material (31) is encountered in 0 of the composite material (30, 32) = expansion material (31) And the outer layer of composite material (30, 32), so that the inner layer of composite material (30 = = caused by the surface of the branch rod (10), the outer layer of composite material 枓 (3 2) The outer surface can be tightly adhered to the inner wall surface of the cavity (4.1) of the mold (40); "Fourth step" After the thermosetting molding through the above steps, open the mold (: Take out the compound Material (3 billion, 32) and extraction of the finished thermoset jig conformal layer (1) of the branch selection bar (1 billion) 'molded out (3) having a shell structure of a flat surface of the joint. ^ The thin shell joint made in the above-mentioned illustrative example is formed with a plurality of layers :: material, and the closed expansion material is sandwiched between the inner and outer composite materials, and the S pieces are inserted and consolidated, and the method of the present invention is used. The composite material made is "expanded inward and outward due to the expansion material during thermosetting molding, so that the inner surface is the outer layer: the outer surface of the composite material can be closely adhered to the surface of the support rod and the mold" "Inner soil It can achieve the effect of flattening the surface of the finished product, so that the quality of the finished product 7 can meet the designer's requirements, and the secondary processing can avoid damage to the composite material, so that the thin shell joints made of the composite material can give full play to its due Mechanical strength and material characteristics. X As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the thin shell joints of different shapes are manufactured according to the method of the present invention. They are also composed of separate supporting rods to form a laminated jig ( 50), (60), the stacked jigs (50), (60) can also be positioned at the fixing bases (21), (2 2), and the stacking tools (50), (6) ) Multilayer composite material (51), ( 61), and it can be put into the preset mold cavity Φ Γ-ι in the middle of the eighth into the thermosetting molding operation. It can also be made into a thin shell joint with a flat surface according to the method of the present invention to avoid secondary Processing damage and materials' can ensure that the composite material can give full play to its due mechanical strength and material characteristics. In addition, as shown in Figure 8, according to the structural requirements of the joint, a hollow tube is used as an embedded part [9 q 、 、 B d), such as the embedded parts formed by the aluminum hollow tube j 3) can be placed on the laminated jig (60) towel, so that the thermoset formed thin two can provide different axes of rotation axis The lever is set in it. 2) As mentioned above, the present invention "Method for the manufacture of composite thin-shell joints (Jian Zhi J 73 uses the high degree of technical ideas of natural laws to create and meet the requirements of invention patents, # ^ ^ Qianyou according to the law) File an application. Brief description of the drawings] Figure part # 图 · Manufacturing steps of the method of the present invention Figures second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth ((A): (C); (1) (11 (13 (21 (23 (30 (32 (41 (51 (61)))) ) Bolt) Fixing base) Embedded parts) Composite material) Composite material: The sun and moon square, 1 Λ • / The first step is to form a joint with a support rod. Schematic diagram of applying a composite material to the surface of a laminated jig in a step. /, • A cross-sectional view of applying a composite material to the surface of a laminated jig in the second step of the method of the present invention. Schematic diagram of laminated jigs placed in a mold .: Schematic diagram of thin shell joints made by the method of the present invention. Schematic diagram of the method of the present invention used to manufacture thin shell joints of another shape. Schematic of thin shell joint. : Schematic diagram of traditional composite pipe joint manufacturing method. 2) The component represents the symbol. One step (B) The second step The three steps (D) The fourth step (10) The support rod (12) The positioning hole (2 0) The fixing seat (2 2) The fixing seat (3) The thin shell Joint (3 1) Expansion material (40) Mold) Cavity (50) Laminated jig) Composite material (60) Laminated jig) Composite material (70) Rod 576792 (71) Pieces (7 2) lock pieces (7 3) half shell
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