574484 五、發明說明α) 【發明之技術領域】 本發明係關於搖擺式減速機（二），指一種利用搖擺的 連桿將輸入轴的轉速減低，並且利用齒輪及單向軸承將輸 出軸的旋轉方向，作適切控制的一種減速機。 【先前技術】 按目前主要的減速機，係分為二種： 一種是以蝸齒輪作為減速方法的減速機，其齒輪組可 以是不可逆的，因此可以有自鎖、煞車的功能，但卻有機 械效率差的缺點。 但蝸齒輪需要以強大的摩擦力來傳遞動力，因此，其 材質常限於使用耐磨耗的銅合金系，因此，蝸齒輪減速機 常有不適合長時間操作的缺點。 另一種是以正齒輪作為減速方法的減速機，其齒輪組 是可逆的，因此不具有自鎖煞車的功能，但具有良好的機 械效率。 【發明内容】 本發明係綜合上述習知者之優缺點加以創新配合，而 具有以下之特點： 1 ·本發明之減速機，係以連桿的搖擺運動，用以作 為減速的方法。 2 ·本發明之減速機係以可變旋轉半徑之曲柄將輸入 轴的動力以簡諧運動的方式，傳遞至連桿作搖擺運動，因 ，v此，調整曲柄之旋轉半徑，即可改變減速比，更因此，輸 出轴的正轉及逆轉可存在各異的減速比（更可在運轉中改574484 V. Description of the invention α) [Technical field of the invention] The present invention relates to a swing type speed reducer (2), which refers to a method of reducing the rotation speed of an input shaft by using a swinging link, and using gears and one-way bearings to reduce the speed of the output shaft. Direction of rotation, a kind of reducer for proper control. [Previous technology] According to the current main reducers, they are divided into two types: One is a worm gear as the reduction method. The gear set can be irreversible, so it can have the functions of self-locking and braking, but it has The disadvantage of poor mechanical efficiency. However, the worm gear needs strong friction to transmit power. Therefore, its material is often limited to the wear-resistant copper alloy system. Therefore, the worm gear reducer often has the disadvantage that it is not suitable for long-term operation. The other type of speed reducer uses spur gear as the reduction method. Its gear set is reversible, so it does not have the function of self-locking brake, but it has good mechanical efficiency. [Summary of the Invention] The present invention combines the advantages and disadvantages of the above-mentioned known learners with innovative cooperation, and has the following characteristics: 1. The speed reducer of the present invention uses the swinging motion of the connecting rod as a method of deceleration. 2 · The reducer of the present invention uses a crank with a variable rotation radius to transmit the power of the input shaft to the connecting rod for a swing motion in a simple harmonic manner. Therefore, v, you can change the deceleration by adjusting the rotation radius of the crank. Therefore, there can be different reduction ratios for the forward and reverse rotation of the output shaft (it can be changed during operation).
574484 五、發明說明（2) 變減速比）。 3 ·本發明之減速機，因為輸入軸曲柄的簡諧運動， 與連桿的搖擺運動的結合，其間存在著兩個死點的緣故， 因此有不可逆的功能，所以有煞車的效用。 綜觀上述之特點，此發明之動機乃在提供一種減速機 全新結構之創作。 其目的係欲將正齒輪減速機的優點及蝸齒輪減速機的 優點，合而為一體，並除去二者所存在之缺點的一種結構 全新之創作。 【實施方式】 如此，為使 貴審查委員可充份了解本發明，茲依附 圖式說明如下： 如圖一〜八所示，為本發明實施例（一），圖中示，本 發明之搖擺式減速機係包含有本體1 ，本體1可容設減速 機之全部組件，及在本體1内設複數空間1 0 ，空間 1 0可被填入潤滑油脂，以保持各元件之優良性能；及設 機壁1 1 ，以為各元件之滾珠軸承容設1並支承之。 再設有輸入轴2 ，此輸入轴2可與傳動元件（馬達； 或電動機；或引擎等）連結，及該輸入轴2由二滾珠軸承 20、2 1支承（如圖六所示），輸入軸2並設有齒輪 22 ，該齒輪2 2與輸入轴2間在以鏈2 3固設。及齒輪 2 2兩側則喫合有順向及逆向齒輪2 4、2 5 ，順向及逆 向齒輪24、25各為一曲柄240 、250固設，且其 間設有順向及逆向單向軸承2 4 1 、2 5 1 ，而曲柄2 4574484 V. Description of the invention (2) Variable reduction ratio). 3. The speed reducer of the present invention, because of the simple harmonic motion of the input shaft crank and the swing motion of the connecting rod, there are two dead points in between, so it has an irreversible function and therefore has the effect of braking. In view of the above characteristics, the motivation of this invention is to provide a new structure of the reducer. Its purpose is to create a new creation of a structure that combines the advantages of a spur gear reducer and the advantages of a worm gear reducer, and removes the shortcomings of the two. [Embodiment] In this way, in order to allow your reviewing committee to fully understand the present invention, the following description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings: as shown in Figures 1 to 8, this is an embodiment (1) of the present invention, and the figure shows the swing of the present invention The type reducer includes a main body 1, which can accommodate all the components of the reducer, and a plurality of spaces 10 in the body 1, which can be filled with lubricating grease to maintain the excellent performance of each component; and The machine wall 1 1 is set so that the ball bearing of each component accommodates 1 and supports it. An input shaft 2 is further provided, and the input shaft 2 can be connected with a transmission element (motor; or motor; or engine, etc.), and the input shaft 2 is supported by two ball bearings 20, 21 (as shown in FIG. 6). The shaft 2 is also provided with a gear 22, and the gear 22 and the input shaft 2 are fixed by a chain 2 3. And the two sides of the gear 2 2 are forward and reverse gears 2 4 and 2 5. The forward and reverse gears 24 and 25 are each fixed by a crank 240 and 250 with forward and reverse unidirectional bearings. 2 4 1, 2 5 1, and crank 2 4
574484 五、發明說明（3) 〇、250再由滾珠軸承242、252支承，又曲柄2 4〇、250並穿設有移動塊243、253 (如圖四及 五所示），而在曲柄240、250及移動塊上又轴設有 連結塊2 4 4、2 5 4，及連結塊2 4 4、2 5 4另側則 固設於調整桿245、255，及調整桿245、255 則穿設於順向及逆向傳動連桿3、4之長槽孔3 〇、4 〇。再該移動塊2 4 3、2 5 3 —側設嫘孔2 4 3 0、2 5 3 0可為一螺桿2 4 6、2 5 6螺設，且此螺桿2 4 6、256並為2滾珠軸承247、25?支承，可以轉 動螺桿2 4 6、2 5 6之調整方式以驅動移動塊2 4 3、 253之移動，進而改變調整桿245、255於傳動連 桿3、4長槽孔之位置（如圖五及六所示），即可達到改 變傳動連桿3、4之搖擺弧度.，而達到改變輸出軸轉速之 目的。 又設順向及逆向傳動連桿3 、4，兩傳動連桿3、4 一端皆設銑槽3 0、4 0 ，以分別與前述曲柄之調整桿2 ^ 5、2 5 5連設，藉以限制傳動連桿3、4之運動軌 跡’及傳動連桿3、4另側則固設於齒輪組5、6之驅動 軸5〇、6〇 一側，且以鍵5〇〇、6〇〇固定之。 574484 五、發明說明（4) 輪 51 〜53、61 〜63 之軸 50、60、520、6 2 0 、5 3 0 、6 3 0皆各由二滚珠軸承5 4、6 4支 承。又齒輪53、63並設單向軸承531、631 ，且 於軸530、630設鏈輪55、65，該鏈輪55、6 5並以鏈帶550、650以與轴710、720之鏈輪 7 3、7 4繞設。 再具輸出軸7 ，輸出軸7由滾珠軸承7 A支承，且此 輸出轴7固設齒輪7 0 ，該齒輪7 0兩側則分別喫合順向 及逆向之齒輪71 、72 ，而順向及逆向齒輪71 、72 並穿設於轴7 1 0、7 2 0 ，轴7 1 0、7 2 0分由滚珠 轴承711、721支承，且轴710、720並設有鏈 輪73、74，以分別與前述齒輪組5、6之鏈輪 55、56產生連動功能，及於軸710、720又設齒 輪75 、76 ，齒輪75 、76並分別設順向及逆向單向 軸承7 5 0、7 6 0。如此以共同組成本發明之搖擺式減 速機。 又如圖九所示係本發明實施例（二.），本實施例（二 )係衍生自實施例（一），唯實施例（二）係揭示該輸出 軸7可以設於任意方向。 另如圖十所示為本創作實施例（三），本實施例（三 )亦衍生自實施例（一），其與實施例（一）之差異在於 輸出軸7設二齒輪7 0 A、7 0 B ，以分別喫合於順向及 逆向齒輪7 2、7 3 ，唯其結構價值與實施例（一）皆相 同。574484 V. Description of the invention (3) 0, 250 are supported by ball bearings 242, 252, and cranks 2 4 0, 250 are also provided with moving blocks 243, 253 (as shown in Figures 4 and 5), and the crank 240 , 250, and the moving block are provided with connecting blocks 2 4 4, 2 5 4 and the connecting blocks 2 4 4, 2 5 4 are fixed to the adjusting rods 245, 255 on the other side, and the adjusting rods 245, 255 are worn Long slotted holes 3 0 and 4 0 are provided in forward and reverse transmission links 3 and 4. Then the moving block 2 4 3, 2 5 3-a countersink 2 4 3 0, 2 5 3 0 can be a screw 2 4 6, 2 5 6 screw, and the screw 2 4 6, 256 and 2 Ball bearings 247, 25? Support, can rotate the adjustment of the screw 2 4 6, 2 5 6 to drive the movement of the moving block 2 4 3, 253, and then change the adjustment rods 245, 255 in the transmission link 3, 4 long slot Position (as shown in Figures 5 and 6), you can change the swing radian of the transmission links 3, 4 to achieve the purpose of changing the output shaft speed. Forward and reverse transmission links 3 and 4 are also provided. Milling grooves 3 0 and 4 0 are provided at one end of the two transmission links 3 and 4 so as to be connected with the adjusting levers 2 ^ 5 and 2 5 5 of the crank, respectively. Limit the movement trajectories of the transmission links 3 and 4 and the other sides of the transmission links 3 and 4 are fixed on the drive shafts 50 and 60 of the gear sets 5 and 6, and the keys 500 and 600 are pressed. Fixed it. 574484 V. Description of the invention (4) Wheels 51 ~ 53, 61 ~ 63 The shafts 50, 60, 520, 6 2 0, 5 3 0, and 6 3 0 are each supported by two ball bearings 5 4 and 6 4. The gears 53 and 63 are provided with one-way bearings 531 and 631, and sprockets 55 and 65 are provided on the shafts 530 and 630. 7 3, 7 4 winding. There is also an output shaft 7, which is supported by a ball bearing 7 A, and the output shaft 7 is fixed with a gear 70, and the two sides of the gear 70 are respectively fitted with forward and reverse gears 71, 72, and forward And counter gears 71 and 72 and pass through the shafts 7 0, 7 2 0, the shafts 7 10, 7 2 minutes are supported by ball bearings 711, 721, and the shafts 710, 720 are provided with sprocket 73, 74, In order to generate linkage functions with the sprocket wheels 55 and 56 of the aforementioned gear sets 5, 6 respectively, and gears 75 and 76 are provided on the shafts 710 and 720, and gears 75 and 76 are provided with forward and reverse one-way bearings 7 50, 7 6 0. Thus, the swing type decelerator of the present invention is collectively constituted. As shown in FIG. 9, it is an embodiment (II.) Of the present invention. This embodiment (II) is derived from the embodiment (I), but the embodiment (II) reveals that the output shaft 7 can be arranged in any direction. As shown in Fig. 10, this creative embodiment (3) is also derived from the embodiment (1). The difference from the embodiment (1) is that the output shaft 7 is provided with two gears 7 0 A, 7 0 B is used for the forward and reverse gears 7 2 and 7 3 respectively, but the structural value is the same as that of the embodiment (1).
574484 五、發明說明（5) 如此當輸入軸2為逆向（或順向）轉動時，（以逆向 解說之），輸入軸2將帶動順向齒輪2 4 ，此時逆向齒輪 2 5呈空轉狀況。接著，調整桿2 4 5以曲柄2 4 0為轴 心作簡諧運動，並配合銑槽3 0 ，將傳動連桿作搖擺運 動。 若傳動連桿作順時搖擺，則順向齒輪7 5呈空轉狀 態，而齒輪5 2會將傳動連桿的動力傳遞至順向齒輪5 3 ，動力再藉由軸5 3 0傳至鏈輪5 5 ，再經由鏈條將動 力傳至鏈輪7 3而帶動轴7 1 0作順向轉動，若傳動連桿 逆時向搖擺，則順向齒輪5 3呈空轉狀態，而順向齒輪7 5則將動力傳遞至軸7 1 0作順向轉動，如此傳動連桿的 正逆搖擺，形成轴7 1 0的順向連續旋轉。而軸7 1 0再 藉由順向齒輪7 1將動力傳至固定齒輪7 0 ，再將動力由 輸出轴7旋轉輸出。此時，逆向齒輪7 2 0呈空轉狀態， 無動力的傳遞。 反之若輸入轴2為順向旋轉時，動作與上述互為反 向。此時，已達成對輸出軸正逆轉的控制功能，使本發明 具有合乎產業利用價值之新穎設計者。574484 V. Description of the invention (5) So when the input shaft 2 rotates in the reverse direction (or forward direction) (explained in the reverse direction), the input shaft 2 will drive the forward gear 2 4, and the reverse gear 2 5 is idling. . Next, the adjustment lever 2 4 5 makes a simple harmonic movement with the crank 2 4 0 as the axis, and cooperates with the milling slot 3 0 to swing the transmission link. If the transmission link swings clockwise, the forward gear 7 5 is idling, and the gear 5 2 transmits the power of the transmission link to the forward gear 5 3, and the power is transmitted to the sprocket through the shaft 5 3 0 5 5, and then the power is transmitted to the sprocket 7 3 through the chain to drive the shaft 7 1 0 to rotate forward. If the transmission link swings counterclockwise, the forward gear 5 3 is idling, and the forward gear 7 5 The power is transmitted to the shaft 7 1 0 for forward rotation, so that the forward and reverse swing of the transmission link forms a continuous continuous rotation of the shaft 7 1 0. The shaft 7 1 transmits power to the fixed gear 7 0 through the forward gear 7 1, and then rotates and outputs the power from the output shaft 7. At this time, the reverse gear 7 2 0 is idling and no power is transmitted. Conversely, if the input shaft 2 rotates in the forward direction, the operation is opposite to the above. At this time, the control function of the forward and reverse rotation of the output shaft has been achieved, so that the present invention has a novel designer suitable for industrial use value.
574484 圖式簡單說明 <圖式> 第一圖：本發明實例（一）順向驅動之剖視前視圖。（代 表圖式） 第二圖：本發明實例（一）逆向驅動之剖視前視圖。 第三圖··本發明實施例（一）之後視剖視圖。 第四圖：如第一圖之A — A剖視圖。 第五圖：如第二圖之動作圖。 第六圖：如第五圖之A部分放大視圖。 第七圖：如第一圖之B — B剖視圖。 第八圖：如第一圖之C — C剖視圖。 第九圖：本發明實施例（二）之剖視圖。 第十圖··本發明實施例（三）之剖視圖。 <圖號> 本體1、輸入軸2、傳動連桿3 ，4、齒輪組5 ，6、 輸出轴7 、空間1 0 、滾珠轴承2 0 ，2 1 、鏈2 3 、 齒輪22，24，25。574484 Brief description of the drawings < Schematic > The first figure: A cross-sectional front view of an example of the present invention (a) forward drive. (Representative scheme) Second diagram: Example of the present invention (a) A cross-sectional front view of a reverse drive. The third figure is a sectional view of a rear view of the embodiment (a) of the present invention. The fourth picture: A—A cross-sectional view of the first picture. Fifth picture: The action picture as shown in the second picture. Figure 6: An enlarged view of part A of Figure 5. The seventh picture: B-B sectional view of the first picture. Figure 8: Section C-C as shown in Figure 1. Fig. 9: A sectional view of the second embodiment of the present invention. Tenth Fig. · A sectional view of the third embodiment of the present invention. < Drawing number > Body 1, input shaft 2, transmission link 3, 4, gear set 5, 6, output shaft 7, space 1 0, ball bearing 2 0, 21, chain 2 3, gear 22, 24 , 25.