569571 五、發明說明（I ) 【本發明之領域】 本發明係有關一種網路交換設備，尤指一種網路交換 設備之頻寬控制方法及裝置。 ' 【本發明之背景】 隨著網路通訊技術之發展，藉由各種網路設備之使用 已使得人們可以方便地接取網路世界豐富的資源，例如在 一般乙太網路（Ethernet)之使用者，便可透過一網路交 換设備而連接至上游（u ρ Π n k )的快速乙太網路（F a s t E t h e r n e t )，而能夠連接上網際網路。 第1圖說明習知網路交換設備1 1之配置範例，其每一 個客戶端埠1 1 1 ( client p〇rt )係連接一丨〇Base T乙太 網路，而其上游埠1 1 2 ( u p 1 i n k ρ 〇 r t )則連接一 100Base -丁之鬲速乙太網路，在i〇Base-T乙太網路端之 使用者便可透過此網路交換設備丨丨而連上1〇〇]5^6_丁高 速乙太網路，俾接取網際網路資源。 經 濟 部 智 慧 財 產 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 前述之網路交換設備1 1只是單純地提供交換之功能， 因此，對每一客戶端埠丨丨1上之乙太網路使用者而言，所 能分配之頻寬均為固定。然目前網際網路之使用日益普 遍’個人與公司上網的需求增加迅速，而在連接網際網路 的最後一哩的網路設備，目前競爭的有XDSL、纜線數據 機（Cable modem)與乙太網路，其中，乙太網路之優 點在於價格便宜且相容性佳。當〗s p使用乙太網路為網際 網路之接入設備時，首先，由於乙太網路的頻寬最小為 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準-赚— 569571 A7 B7 五、發明說明（》） i〇Mb/sec，若不加以限制，當眾多使用者上網時，將造 成骨幹網路無法承擔負荷而導致擁塞，其次，由isp廠商 的觀點而言，分級收費係必需的，經由控制頻 =速率做不同的分級來達成分級收費的目的，因此可知， 虽乙太網路普遍運用在網際網路的接入設備時，頻寬控制 的需求便會產生。但如前所述，—般乙太網路的頻寬是固 定的，許多廠商使用高層（第3或4層）協定（High layer protocol)來解決頻寬控制的問題，但此種作法卻 把乙太網路設備的成本大幅提高，導致乙太網路設備價格 不再便宜，因而失去了競爭優勢，故提供—種簡單、便宜 而可貫現頻寬控制之方法實為一亟待解決之課題。 訂 發明人爰因於此，本於積極發明之精神，亟思一種可 以解決上述問題之「網路交換設備之頻寬控制方法及裝 置」，幾經研究實驗終至完成此項新穎進步之發明。 【本發明之概述】 本發明之目的係在提供一種網路交換設備之頻寬控制 方，及裝置，其無需使用高層協定而可以低廉之成本達成 對每一客戶端埠之精確的頻寬控制。 依據本發明之一特色，係提出一種網路交換設備之頻 寬控制裝置，該網路交換設備包括有複數個客戶端璋及至 ^ 一上游埠，以將封包切換於該客戶端埠及上游埠之間， 母客戶立而蟑具有一預设之頻寬門檀值，該頻寬控制震置 匕括·第乘异器，係用以將一客戶端埠在時段n之交 5 x 297 ) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家鮮 五、發明說明（少） t通:广匕]乘上g (g<]) ’其中定義時段η J t二之間間隔，交通量係代表收送封包之長戶：二 弟一乘算器，係用以將儲存於一暫存 、又， ―實際產生之平均交通量 端蜂在時段n+1之前所產生之平均交通又 广△㈤+(i_g”Tr㈤； ::客戶端缚在時段…之前所產生之平均交通用暫 二 =及-比較器，係用以比較該客戶端淳在時段二 引生之平均交通量Tr[n+"與其頻寬門檻值 送r封：’如Tr[n+1]小於Tr —pre ’則該客戶端淳可以收 依據本發明之另-特色，係提出一種網 頻寬控制方法，其包括步驟：⑷初始化-客蜂備在之 ^之交通量Tr△刚0’其中，定義時段η為戶由而日^ Η之時間^，交通量係代表收送封包之長彳· Π ⑻判斷是Μ封包特傳送，如是，計算該^戶 在時段η+ 1之前所產生之平均交通量為Tr[n+ 1] = g* Tr 土 [n]:U-g)*Tr[n] ’ 其中，g<1，Tr[n]為時段 η 之前所 貫際產生之平均交通量；（C)判斷時段η+1之前所產生 之平均交通量Tr[n+1]是否大於該客戶端蟑之頻寬門植值 Tr_pre，如否，則可傳遞封包；（D)將時段n之交通量 TrMn」更新為TrA[n] = TrMn] +封包長度並將時段卩 + 1之則所產生之平均交通量Τι< [η+ 1]更新為Τι·[η+ i] 569571 A7 -—_______Β7 五、發明說明（斗） + ，再判斷是否進入下一時段， 如否，則回步驟（B)執行。 由於本發明設計新穎，能提供產業上利用，且確有增 進功效，故依法申請專利。 為使貴審查委員能進一步瞭解本發明之結構、特徵 及其目的’兹附以圖式及較佳具體實施例之詳細說明如 后： 【圖式簡單說明】 第1圖：係為習知網路交換設備之配置圖。 第2圖：係為依據本發明之網路交換設備架構圖。 第3圖：係為本發明之網路交換設備之頻寬控制裝置的架 構圖。 第4圖·係為時段之定義的示意圖。 第5圖：係為本發明之網路交換設備之頻寬控制方法的流 程圖。 ------------·裝--- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------- 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 【圖號說明】 (1 1 )網路交換設備 (1 1 2 ) ( 2 2 )上游埠 (2 3 1 )位址解析邏輯 (2 3 3 )封包記憶體 ( 23 5 )頻寬控制裝置 (3 2 )加算器 (111) (21)客戶端埠 (23 )交換機制 ( 232 )交換引擎 (2 3 4 )排程器 (3 1 ) ( 33 )乘算器(34 ) —暫存器 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 569571 A7 五、發明說明（5 ) (3 5 )比較器 【較佳具體實施例之詳細說明】 有關本發明之網路父換设備之頻寬控制方法及裝置之 一較佳實施例，請先參照第2圖所示之網路交換設備架 構，其包括有複數個客戶端埠21、至少一上游璋22及一 交換機制23，其中，上游埠22係連接一例如1〇〇Base_T 或lOOOBase-T乙太網路之高速網路，每一個客戶端谭21 則連接一例如lOBase-T乙太網路之一般區域網路或 100Base-T乙太網路，且每一客戶端埠以均具有一預設 之頻寬門檻值。 該交換機制23則包含位址解析邏輯231、交換引擎 2 3 2、封包記憶體2 3 3、排程器2 3 4及頻寬控制裝置2 3 5， 其中，封包係經由作為輸入埠之客戶端埠21或上游埠22 進入網路交換設備，該位址解析邏輯231判讀封包之目的 位址，以交由該交換引擎232切換輸出至作為輸出埠之客 戶鈿埠2 1或上游埠2 2，該封包記憶體2 3 3為一佇列 (Queue )之資料結構，可供暫存欲輸出之封包，該排程 器2 3 4則係用以將封包排序以輸出之，而頻寬控制裝置 2 3 5則係用以控制網路交換設備之頻寬分配。 第3圖係為該頻寬控制裝置2 3 5之架構圖，其包括有 一第一乘算器31、一加算器32、一第二乘算器灼、一暫 存态34及一比較器35，其中，該第一及第二乘算器η及 |_^ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（c；ns)A4規格⑽x 297公1 569571 A7 五、發明說明（f ^乘數”為叫(§<1)，該暫存器“係較佳地 為一正反 Is (Flip Flop)。 寛門^之頻寬控制裝置235係依據客戶端物之預設頻 ^仏值、目前所要傳遞之封包長度及過去頻寬使用情形 控制頻寬之分配’如將時間劃分為一序列之時段，如第 4圖一所示，定義時段n為由時間⑷…之時間間隔，對於 t 一客戶端埠21，在時段n之交通量以TrAw表示，在 時段η之前所產生之平均交 交通量）以丁… 1 η所實際產生之 、里）Ur㈤表示’該客戶端埠21之頻寬門檀值以 當中’交通量係代表收送封包之長度。併請 “、、第3圖所不，對於客戶端埠2]在時段η 裝置⑴以第-乘算⑽將時段似通量ΤίΔ[^制 g，並以第二乘算器33將儲存於暫存㈣之時段η 產生之平均交通量丁 Γ[η]乘上，再以加算器η將第— 及弟-乘异器31及33之輸出相加，而獲致時段…之前 所產生之平均交通量心^+^為：569571 V. Description of the Invention (I) [Field of the Invention] The present invention relates to a network switching device, and more particularly to a method and device for controlling bandwidth of a network switching device. '[Background of the invention] With the development of network communication technology, the use of various network devices has made it easy for people to access the rich resources of the network world, such as in the general Ethernet network. The user can connect to the upstream (fast ethernet) of the upstream (u ρ Π nk) through a network switching device and be able to connect to the Internet. Figure 1 illustrates a configuration example of a conventional network switching device 11. Each client port 1 1 (client port) is connected to a Base Ethernet network, and its upstream port 1 1 2 (up 1 ink ρ 〇rt) is connected to a 100Base-Ding speed Ethernet network, users on the i〇Base-T Ethernet network can exchange equipment through this network and connect to 1 〇〇] 5 ^ 6_ High-speed Ethernet, access to Internet resources. The consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the aforementioned network switching equipment 1 1 simply to provide the exchange function. Therefore, for Ethernet users on each client port 丨 丨 1, The allocated bandwidth is fixed. However, the current use of the Internet is becoming more and more common. The demand for personal and corporate Internet access is increasing rapidly, and the last mile of network equipment connected to the Internet is currently competing with XDSL, cable modem and B Ethernet. Among them, Ethernet has the advantages of being cheap and compatible. When 〖sp uses Ethernet as the access device for the Internet, first of all, because the minimum bandwidth of Ethernet is the paper standard, the Chinese national standard is applied-Earn — 569571 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (" ) I〇Mb / sec, if not restricted, when many users go online, the backbone network will not be able to bear the load and cause congestion. Secondly, from the perspective of the isp manufacturer, hierarchical charging is necessary and is controlled by the frequency. = Different rates are used for different classifications to achieve the purpose of hierarchical charging. Therefore, it is known that although Ethernet is commonly used in Internet access equipment, the need for bandwidth control will arise. But as mentioned before, the bandwidth of Ethernet is fixed. Many manufacturers use high layer (High Layer 3 or 4) protocol to solve the problem of bandwidth control. The cost of Ethernet equipment has increased significantly, resulting in the price of Ethernet equipment is no longer cheap and thus loses its competitive advantage. Therefore, providing a simple, cheap and consistent method of bandwidth control is an urgent issue. . Because of this, the inventor, in the spirit of active invention, is thinking about a "bandwidth control method and device for network switching equipment" that can solve the above problems. After several research experiments, this novel and progressive invention has been completed. [Summary of the present invention] The object of the present invention is to provide a bandwidth controller and device for a network switching device, which can achieve accurate bandwidth control of each client port at a low cost without using a high-level protocol. . According to a feature of the present invention, a bandwidth control device for a network switching device is provided. The network switching device includes a plurality of clients and an upstream port to switch packets to the client port and the upstream port. In the meantime, the parent client has a preset bandwidth threshold value, which controls the bandwidth and the multiplier, which is used to transfer a client port at the turn of the period n 5 x 297) This paper scale applies to the Chinese national standards. V. Description of the invention (less) t pass: Guang Diao] multiplied by g (g <]) 'where the interval η J t is defined as the interval, and the traffic volume represents the long household receiving and sending packets. : The second brother and a multiplier are used to store in a temporary storage, and ―the average traffic generated by the actual average traffic volume end bee before the time period n + 1 is wide △ ㈤ + (i_g ”Tr㈤; :: The client is tied to the time period ... The average traffic generated before the time == and-a comparator is used to compare the average traffic Tr [n + " and its bandwidth threshold induced by the client during the time period 2. Send r seal: 'If Tr [n + 1] is less than Tr —pre', then the client can receive according to the invention Another feature is to propose a network bandwidth control method, which includes the following steps: ⑷ Initialization-The traffic volume Tr △ just 0 'prepared by the guest bee ^ Among them, the time period η is defined as the time of the household ^ Η ^, The traffic volume represents the length of the packet sent and received. It is judged that it is M packet transmission. If so, calculate the average traffic volume generated by the household before the period η + 1 as Tr [n + 1] = g * Tr 土 [ n]: Ug) * Tr [n] 'Among them, g < 1, Tr [n] is the average traffic volume generated before the period η; (C) Judging the average traffic volume Tr generated before the period η + 1 [n + 1] Whether it is greater than the client's bandwidth gate value Tr_pre, if not, the packet can be passed; (D) Update the traffic volume TrMn in period n ”to TrA [n] = TrMn] + packet length And update the average traffic volume τι < [η + 1] generated by the time period 卩 + 1 to τ · [η + i] 569571 A7 -________ B7 V. Description of the Invention (Battle) +, and then judge whether to enter the next Time period, if not, go back to step (B). Since the invention is novel in design, can provide industrial use, and does have an increasing effect, it has applied for a patent in accordance with the law. In order to allow your reviewers to further understand the structure, characteristics and purpose of the present invention, a detailed description of the drawings and preferred embodiments is attached as follows: [Simplified description of the drawings] Figure 1: It is a knowledge network Road switch equipment configuration diagram. FIG. 2 is a diagram of the architecture of a network switching device according to the present invention. FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a bandwidth control device of a network switching device according to the present invention. Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the definition of the time period. Fig. 5 is a flowchart of a bandwidth control method of a network switching device according to the present invention. ------------ · Install --- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -------- Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs [Figure Description: (1 1) Network switching equipment (1 1 2) (2 2) Upstream port (2 3 1) Address resolution logic (2 3 3) Packet memory (23 5) Bandwidth control device (3 2 ) Adder (111) (21) Client port (23) Switching mechanism (232) Switching engine (2 3 4) Scheduler (3 1) (33) Multiplier (34) — Register size of this paper Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 569571 A7 V. Description of the invention (5) (3 5) Comparator [detailed description of the preferred embodiment] The network parent switch of the present invention For a preferred embodiment of the method and device for controlling bandwidth, please first refer to the network switching equipment architecture shown in FIG. 2, which includes a plurality of client ports 21, at least one upstream port 22 and a switching mechanism 23 Among them, upstream port 22 is connected to a high-speed network such as 100Base_T or 1000Base-T Ethernet, and each client Tan 21 is connected to a general local network such as 10Base-T Ethernet or 10 0Base-T Ethernet, and each client port has a preset bandwidth threshold. The exchange mechanism 23 includes address resolution logic 231, switching engine 2 3 2, packet memory 2 3 3, scheduler 2 3 4 and bandwidth control device 2 3 5. Among them, the packet is transmitted through the client as the input port. Port 21 or upstream port 22 enters the network switching device. The address resolution logic 231 reads the destination address of the packet, and then the switching engine 232 switches the output to the client port 2 1 or upstream port 2 2 as the output port. The packet memory 2 3 3 is a data structure of a queue, which can temporarily store the packets to be output. The scheduler 2 3 4 is used to sort the packets for output, and the bandwidth is controlled. Device 2 3 5 is used to control the bandwidth allocation of network switching equipment. FIG. 3 is a structural diagram of the bandwidth control device 2 35, which includes a first multiplier 31, an adder 32, a second multiplier, a temporary storage state 34, and a comparator 35. Among them, the first and second multipliers η and | _ ^ This paper size applies the Chinese national standard (c; ns) A4 specification ⑽x 297 male 1 569571 A7 V. Description of the invention (f ^ multiplier) is called ( § < 1), the register "is preferably a positive and negative Is (Flip Flop). The bandwidth control device 235 of the gate ^ is based on the preset frequency of the client, and the current transfer The packet length and past bandwidth usage control bandwidth allocation 'If time is divided into a sequence of time periods, as shown in Figure 4, the time period n is defined as the time interval from time ⑷ ... For t a client Port 21, the traffic volume during period n is represented by TrAw, the average traffic volume generated before period η) is represented by Ding ... 1 η actually generated, li) Ur） represents' the bandwidth gate of port 21 of this client The value in which 'traffic volume' represents the length of the packet received. Please refer to Figure 3, and Figure 3. For the client port 2] the device at the time period η will use the first-multiplier to make the time-like flux ΤΔ [^ g, and store it in the second multiplier 33 Multiply the average traffic volume 丁 Γ [η] generated by the period η of temporary storage ，, and then add the outputs of the first and second multipliers 31 and 33 by the adder η, and obtain the average time period ... Traffic volume heart ^ + ^ is:
Tr[n+l]-g* Tr Δ [n] + ( 1 _g)*Tr^nj , 此輸出Tr[n+1]存入暫存器34 ’並由該比較器h比較時 段n+1之前所產生之平均交通量丁心+1]與其頻寬門棰 肪：Pre，如Tr[n+1]小於Tr』re，則該客戶料Μ 以收送封包，否則等待是否可收送封包。 第5圖進一步顯示頻寬控制裝置23 5之詳細控制流 程。首先，在-時段n，TrA[n]係初始化為〇 (步驟 S50O 。步驟S502判斷仔列是否為空，如是，判斷是否 訂 部 智 慧 局 員 工 消 費 合 作 社 印 製 I________ 9 本纸張尺_ _家辟 >69571 A7 五、發明說明（7 ) 進入下時#又（步驟S 5 0 8 )，如否，則繼續執行步驟 S 5 02。如步驟85〇2判斷為否，表示佇列中有封包等待傳 迗，故於步驟S 5 03中，判斷時段η + 1之前所產生之平均 =通量Tr[n+1]是否大於頻寬門檻值Tr — pre，如是，判 斷是否進入下一時段（步驟S5 09 )，俾以等待下一時段 再繼續處理。如步驟85〇3判斷時段n+ i之前所產生之平 句又通1 Tr [n +丨]小於頻寬門檻值Tr — pre，則可傳遞封 包（步驟S504 )，並將時段n之交通量丁“㈤更新為丁『 △U卜ΤΓΔ[η] +封包長度（步驟S5〇5)，及將時段n + 1之it所產生之平均交通量Tr [n+1]更新為Tr[n + i] = g + (步驟S5〇6)。再判斷是否進 訂 入下時段（步驟S 5 0 7 )，如否，則回步驟s 5 〇 2執行， 如步驟S5 07、S 5 08或S509判斷進入下一時段n = n+1 (S51〇)，則準備Tr[n] = g* TrZ\[n-l] + (l-g)*Tr[n· 1 ] ’以供新的時段之處理（s 5丨〇 )。 藉由以上頻寬控制裝置之控制，每一客戶端埠係依據 其所要收送之封包長度及過去已使用之交通量而被決定是 否可進仃封包之收送，只有在由現有封包長度及過去使用 之父通$所決定之頻寬大於預設之頻寬門檻值時才可收送 =包，如此，無需使用高層協定而可以低廉之成本達成對 每一客戶端埠之精確的頻寬控制。 絲上所陳，本發明無論就目的、手段及功效，在在均 顯示其迥異於習知技術之特徵，實為一極具實用價值之發 明，懇請貴審查委員明察，早日賜准專利，俾嘉惠社 I_______ 10 本纸張尺度適财_^^τ^)Α4規格（21G x 297公爱 10 ⑽571 ⑽571Tr [n + l] -g * Tr Δ [n] + (1 _g) * Tr ^ nj, this output Tr [n + 1] is stored in the register 34 ′ and the comparator h compares the period n + 1 The average traffic volume generated before is Ding Xin +1] and its bandwidth threshold: Pre, if Tr [n + 1] is less than Tr′re, then the customer expects M to send the packet, otherwise waits to see if the packet can be sent . Fig. 5 further shows the detailed control flow of the bandwidth control device 235. First, in the -period n, TrA [n] is initialized to 0 (step S50O. Step S502 determines whether the queue is empty, and if so, determines whether it is printed by the Consumer Affairs Cooperative of the Smart Bureau of the Order Department. I________ 9 paper rulers _ _ home &&695; A71 V. Description of the invention (7) When entering the next ## (step S 5 0 8), if not, then continue to step S 502. If the judgment at step 8502 is no, it means there is in the queue The packet is waiting to be transmitted, so in step S 503, it is determined whether the average value = flux Tr [n + 1] generated before the period η + 1 is greater than the bandwidth threshold Tr — pre, and if so, whether to enter the next period (Step S5 09), wait for the next period to continue processing. If it is judged in step 8503 that the plain sentence generated before the period n + i again passes 1 Tr [n + 丨] less than the bandwidth threshold Tr — pre, then The packet can be transmitted (step S504), and the traffic volume of the time period n is updated to "△ U 卜 ΤΓΔ [η] + the packet length (step S505), and it is generated by it in the time period n + 1. The average traffic volume Tr [n + 1] is updated to Tr [n + i] = g + (step S506). Then, it is judged whether to enter the next order (Step S 5 0 7), if not, go back to step s 5 〇2, if step S5 07, S 5 08 or S509 determines to enter the next period n = n + 1 (S51〇), prepare Tr [n ] = g * TrZ \ [nl] + (lg) * Tr [n · 1] 'for processing in the new period (s 5 丨 〇). With the control of the above bandwidth control device, each client port Based on the length of the packet to be sent and the amount of traffic used in the past, it is determined whether the packet can be sent or received. Only when the bandwidth determined by the length of the existing packet and the parent pass $ used in the past is greater than the preset bandwidth You can only send packets when the bandwidth threshold is reached. In this way, you can achieve accurate bandwidth control of each client port at a low cost without using a high-level agreement. As stated on the wire, the present invention regardless of the purpose, means, and Efficacy shows that it is very different from the conventional technology, and it is an invention of great practical value. I urge your reviewing committee to make a clear observation and grant a quasi-patent at an early date. 俾 嘉惠 社 I_______ 10 This paper is suitable for financial use _ ^ ^ τ ^) Α4 size (21G x 297 public love 10 ⑽571 ⑽571
五、發明說明（茂） 會，實感德便。惟雇、、士立μ曰 限應左思的是，上述諸多實施例僅係為了 便於况明而舉例而已，本發明所主張之權利範圍自應以申 請專利範圍所述為準，而非僅限於上述實施例。 ------------#裝—— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) I n i 訂--------線#· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐）Fifth, the invention description (Mao) Meeting, real sense of virtue. However, what should be considered is that the above-mentioned embodiments are just examples for the sake of clarity. The scope of the rights claimed in the present invention should be based on the scope of the patent application, not limited to The above embodiments. ------------ # 装 —— (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) I ni Order -------- line # · Consumption by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The paper size printed by the cooperative is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)