TW569131B - Hard disk data backup and recovery method - Google Patents

Abstract

A hard disk data backup and recovery method that is used to back up user's data in hard disk comprises the following procedures: allocate a segment of hard disk space in hard disk as data backup area; copy data backup required for division state and at least one area on hard disk to the data backup division; lock the data backup division so as to prevent the access of other application software or OS from visiting the data backup division. Use the invention to conduct secure and reliable backup and recovery toward the data in hard disk, and further assure security of backup data.

Description

569131 A7

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a computer hard disk data backup and recovery method. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION As a computer, one of the most commonly used external storage devices, it is used to store operating system information and a large amount of data. Its security and reliability are very important. Misoperations by users, defects in data management software on the hard disk, and attacks by computer viruses can all destroy useful data on the hard disk. Therefore, it is very important to back up the hard disk data so that some critical data content can be restored when necessary. Among the currently used hard disk data backup methods, one is to back up the partition or hard disk information into a file, open the file when restoring, and restore the backup content to the original partition or hard disk. This backup method It is based on the file system. Once the file system is damaged, if the partition holding the backup file is deleted due to a virus attack, or the partition is damaged so that the text # can no longer be read, it is impossible to recover Backed up information. This backup depends on the integrity of the partition where the backup file is located and the integrity of the backup file itself. Therefore, the security of this backup itself cannot be guaranteed. In the hard disk data backup method used, its backup and recovery are both There are some limitations, that is, either the entire hard disk or a partition is backed up. When restoring, the entire hard disk or a partition is restored in the same way as when backing up.

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And if the user has multiple needs, for example, sometimes the entire hard disk needs to be restored, sometimes only one of the partitions needs to be restored, and the backup based on the entire hard disk cannot be restored to only one partition, and the backup based on the partition cannot restore the entire Hard drive. If you want to recover both the entire partition and the two hard disks, you need to perform two backups, one partition at a time, and the entire hard disk again, resulting in redundancy of the backup, which wastes manpower and time. It also wastes hard disk space. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a computer hard disk data backup and recovery method 'to perform safe and reliable backup and recovery of data in a hard disk. Computer users can use the present invention to back up data on a hard disk very conveniently, so that Damaged hard disk data for various reasons can be quickly recovered to improve data security. The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A hard disk data backup method according to the present invention, which is used for backing up user data in the hard disk, includes the following steps: (1) Allocating at least one hard disk space on the hard disk As a data backup area; (2) Back up the partition status on the hard disk and at least one partition to be backed up to the data backup area; (3) Lock the data backup area to prevent other application software or operations-5 -

O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 569131 A7 B7 Five invention instructions (system access to the data backup area. In the data backup method of the present invention The data backup area may be a high-end area of a logical address on a hard disk. However, the present invention is not limited to this. In general, the data backup area of the present invention may be set in any one region of the hard disk. However, since the hard disk area protection function (Host Protected Area Feature) supported by the IDE hard disk standard (such as the ata5 and later IDE hard disk specifications) can only protect its high-end area, it is preferred in the present invention to save data The high-end area is set in the backup area. The data backup area may be one or more spaces in the hard disk. In the data backup method of the present invention, the locking of the data backup area and the setting of the data backup area may be The actual address is set by setting the maximum address of the hard disk and it is automatically set to 疋. The larger address is smaller than the actual maximum space address of the hard disk. The maximum address of the hard disk is After the installation is successful, the sectors in the hard disk that are larger than the set maximum address and smaller than the actual maximum space address will not be exaggerated. Under the locked state, no software can access or modify the locked area. Content, loading and unloading the area protection requires special commands to ensure the safety and reliability of the backup data. Other locks can also be used to prevent access to the data backup area. Set the maximum address of the hard disk and use the hard disk The SET MAX command supported by its own hard disk area protection function divides the end area of the hard disk larger than the maximum address as a data backup area; the area of the hard disk smaller than the larger address is used as data available to the user District -6-

O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 569131 A7 ______B7_____ V. Description of the invention (4) In the data backup method of the present invention, the data is backed up The size of the area can be determined based on the actual space occupied by the data on the hard disk. The data backup area can be larger than the actual space occupied by the data. In fact, the present invention only backs up data that actually takes up space, and does not back up idle space. Therefore, at least the required hard disk backup space can be calculated, and the data backup area of the corresponding required size can be divided on the hard disk. When performing data backup, hard disk data can be written into the data backup area together with control information. The control information can include the size of the backup area, the starting address of the backup area, the size of the original partition to be backed up, the number of original partitions, Information about the type of partition, the size of the hard disk partition table, and whether the backup area was successfully locked. This control information is the basis for the hard disk data recovery function and the lock function. In the data backup method of the present invention, the method of locking the data backup area may include the following two methods: (1) Permanent lock: After the lock, the high-end locked data backup area cannot be accessed, even on a hard disk. The locked data backup area is still not visible when restarted after power failure; (2) Temporary lock: After locking, the high-end locked data backup area cannot be accessed, but when the hard disk is powered off and then restarted, The lock status is the last permanent lock status value set for the hard disk. The two lock modes mentioned above can correspond to the two setting modes of the SET MAX command, namely, the permanent setting mode and the temporary setting mode. O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK _ " 7 _ ^ Paper size applies Chinese National Standards (CNS) A4 regulations X 297 @ ------- In the data preparation of the present invention, the layman 4A area like 1 In the H Wan method, when the data is backed up, a mark can be stored in the data backup product for the unlocked state. This mark can be set as a to-be-locked mark and a successful lock mark, which respectively indicate that the temporary lock has been implemented and Permanently locked. When the Tianchang dish is started ’, if the mark is a mark to be locked, the lock can be permanently locked. After the lock is successfully set, the mark can be set as a successful lock mark. In the data backup method of the present invention, the step of backing up data to the data backup area may include: (1) reading a master boot record of a hard disk; (2) hard disk partition information in the master boot record Table to find information about each partition; (3) Calculate the data occupation in each partition, such as the FAT table of each partition, calculate the required capacity of the backup partition, and divide the backup data in the high-end free space of the hard disk. (4) Save the FAT table and boot record sectors in each partition to the data backup area; (5) For each partition, such as the occupation of the ρ a T table, save the used clusters in the partition data area Go to the data backup area. A hard disk data recovery method according to the present invention is used for restoring locked data on a hard disk from a data backup area to a partition accessible by an operating system, including ... -8-

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(1) Unlock the data backup area; (2) If the control information stored in the data backup area 'restores the data in the data backup area to the corresponding hard disk partition, this step includes the following steps that can be selected by the user to execute : (A) Steps of recovering a single partition of a hard disk: Restore the data of one partition in the content of the hard disk backed up in the data backup area; (b) Steps of recovering the entire hard disk content: Restore the partition status of the hard disk To the state at the time of backup, and restore the data in the data backup area to each corresponding hard disk partition, that is, to restore all the data in each hard disk partition to the state at the time of backup. In the data recovery method of the present invention, the locking of the data backup area is achieved by setting a maximum address of the hard disk, the maximum address being smaller than the actual maximum space address of the hard disk; the unlocking step may be The actual maximum space address of the hard disk is set to the maximum address so that the data backup area can be accessed. In the data recovery method of the present invention, the step of restoring a single partition of the hard disk may include: starting the data in the data backup area from the root directory, sequentially greening out according to the file mode, and re-creating the backup of each file according to the size of the cluster of the current partition Divide into several clusters, and reorganize each file into a cluster chain and store it in the current O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK · 9 ·

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Go to the partition, and modify the contents of the directory ^ ^ ^, Qiu Qi also took a breath, so that in the restored partition, it can point to the correct first cluster focus. Consolation, ~ ,, 100 wrapped set 'For subdirectories in addition to The directory itself is reorganized into a cluster chain and stored in the partitions, and each component and subdirectory in the directory is also reorganized into a cluster chain and stored in the partition. This method is a method of recovering a single partition based on the file occupation method. In the data recovery method of the present invention, the step of 'recovering a single partition of a hard disk may include: When the structure of the partition to be restored and the partition at the time of backup and the number of sectors in each cluster are the same, the partition is used according to the FAT table at the time of backup. The recovered clusters are restored to the partitions. 'At the same time, the occupancy of the clusters in the backup FAT table is restored to the FAT table in the blade area.' Fill in the empty clusters with other unused cluster information in the partition Faa table. This method is based on the # fat (file allocation table) occupation method to recover a single partition. In one embodiment of the data recovery method according to the present invention, the partition status of the hard disk stored in the backup data area of the hard disk is read out first, the current partition status of the hard parameter disk is set to the status at the time of backup, and then Each partition, such as the occupancy of the FAT table at the time of backup, restores the content of each partition in the backup area to the corresponding location of the partition, thereby achieving the recovery of the entire hard disk data. In one embodiment of the data recovery method according to the present invention, the computer program that controls each step of the hard disk data backup method and data recovery method is a system BI0s (basic input output -10) added to the computer. -

O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK Applicable paper size @ 家 鲜 (CNS) A4 size (㈣χ㈣ 公 董) 569131 A7 ～ ------------- B7 V. Invention Note (8) ~ ---- System) This program is executed when the computer starts. The invention can safely and reliably back up and restore the data in the storage. Computer users can use the invention to back up the data on the hard disk very conveniently, so that for various reasons (except for severe physical, mechanical, and storage media damage) ) Damaged or lost hard drive data can be quickly recovered. The invention can use the ATA5 hard disk specification to lock the high-end area to back up the data of the hard disk to a protected area at the high end of the hard disk space. This area does not depend on the hard disk partition or operation. The system can't be accessed by application software or operating system. The entire hard disk can also be protected from attack when a computer virus attacks, so that the backup data of the hard disk is not infringed and the security of the backup data is guaranteed. The invention uses the hard disk lock function and the lock mark to ensure that the high-end address data backup area of the hard disk will not be accessed and destroyed under the condition of startup, and at the same time, it solves the problem that a single lock may fail and mass production The problem of master disk replication. After the master disk is finished, the hard disk is temporarily locked to keep the data in the data backup area in a protected state to ensure the safety of the backup area. The hard disk is not permanently locked, so you can remove it for a normal copy of the hard disk. , Copy hard disks in batches. When it starts again, the hard disk will be permanently locked. At this time, the data area is protected. Even if the hard disk is removed and taken to another system, the backup area is still inaccessible. Therefore, the method for locking the hard disk data backup area of the present invention not only ensures data security, but also fully considers the need for system manufacturers to mass-produce hard disks with backup data content, thus -11-

O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 569131 A7 ____B7 I. Invention description (9 ~) Solve the contradiction between mass production and data security . The computer program for implementing the present invention can be integrated in the computer system B T os. The algorithm is stable and reliable, and the algorithms for recovery and backup are very comprehensive. The high-end storage lock method is used to ensure the safety of backup data. The present invention can back up data of one hard disk partition at a time, or back up data of the entire hard disk at a time. After the backup, the user can use various flexible methods to complete various recovery functions. The injured data is restored to only one of the partitions, and there is no need to back up this partition in order to achieve a single recovery of the partition, which saves hard disk space and implements multiple functions. Applying the method of the present invention to back up the hard disk data and lock the backup area of the hard disk data has the advantages of obvious and many aspects. For example, 'The user may have the following situations in the application: (1) Under certain conditions, such as when a computer virus attack or accidentally deletes a critical file, the entire hard disk data is lost, which may be lost through the recovery method of the present invention. All partitions and data of the hard disk are restored to the state at the time of backup. (2) Under certain conditions, if a key file is deleted by accident or accidentally, the system partition is completely formatted, some or all of the files are lost, and the system cannot start normally. The method of the present invention is used to back up data. Part of the system is fully restored, the system can boot normally 'and the contents of the hard disk data area are not affected. O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK ~ -12 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (21〇 χ 297 mm) 569131

(3) The user re-divided the partition of the hard disk, and changed the size of the hard disk system partition and the data partition. At this time, the operating system can be copied to the new partition as a backup through the recovery method of the present invention. Installing the operating system also saves costs due to increased recovery discs. (4) The user re-divided the hard disk partition, the size of the hard disk system partition and the data partition changed. The user installed a new operating system in the new system area and loaded a large amount of data in other partitions. When the user wants to recover the original operating system, the single partition recovery function of the present invention can be used to recover the system partition without affecting the contents of other partitions. (5) Take the hard disk to another computer system to re-partition and format the hard disk. At this time, because the content of the backup area is locked, the locked hidden area cannot be seen on the system. The data is still intact. When the user returns the hard disk to the original machine, he can press a hot key to start the invention, and the original content on the disk can be restored. (6) The computer manufacturer uses the method of the present invention to prepare the valley in the hard disk system during production, uses the backed up hard disk to copy multiple similar hard disks, and then uses the method of the present invention to lock the computer. When sold to the user, the system may be damaged and cannot be started normally due to several reasons. Then the user can easily use the recovery function to hard O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK -13-

569131 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ("

The disk is restored to the factory state. You can also restore the operating system to the factory state by only restoring the system partition without affecting the size and content of other partitions. The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Brief Description of the Drawings Fig. 1 is a flowchart showing the operation flow of a BI 0 S system program for realizing one embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 2 is a locking process ST circle of a hard disk data backup area according to an embodiment of the present invention; A and FIG. 3B are flowcharts of hard disk data backup according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIGS. 4A and 4B are flowcharts of data recovery of a single partition of a hard disk according to an embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is As in the embodiment of the present invention, the entire data recovery process of a hard disk is shown. FIG. 6 is a flowchart of data backup for one partition of the hard disk according to the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a flowchart of restoring the entire hard disk in one embodiment. FIG. 8 is a flowchart of recovering data of a single partition of a hard disk according to the present invention;

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Line 569131 A7 ________B7 V. Description of the Invention (12) "-Figures 9A and 9B are flowcharts of another embodiment for restoring data on a single partition of a hard disk according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 7JT, in one embodiment of the present invention, the program for controlling the computer to implement the data backup and recovery of the present invention is placed in the flash ROM chip of BI0s, and the ide hard disk is implemented during the process of running BI0s. Backup and restore of disc data. During the startup process of the computer, the user can press the backup hot key to enter the backup function menu, or press the recovery hot key to enter the recovery function menu. The backup function menu can be used to backup the entire hard disk partition information and data in the partition. In the recovery function menu, the backup data can be restored to the hard disk according to the user's wishes. During the BIOS POST (P〇wer 〇n SelfTest), as shown in Figure 1, if the user presses the system recovery hot key or the system backup hot key, BI 0 S will set the corresponding flag, After completing the detection and implementation of each hardware of the system, before starting the operating system, BI 0 S will check the set flag. If the user does not press any hot key, a series of operations will be performed to lock the hard disk backup area; If the user has previously pressed the hard disk backup hot key, a series of operations for hard disk backup will be performed; and if the user has previously pressed the hard disk recovery hot key, a series of operations for hard disk recovery will be performed 'Finish the hard disk After the recovery operation, a series of operations to lock the hard disk backup area is performed. After the hard disk is locked, the operating system starts to boot, and the PO OST process of B 〇 〇s ends. The present invention is particularly applicable to current A T A 5 and later specifications -15-

O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 569131 A7 ___________ B7 V. Description of the invention (13) IDE hard disk, using its unique SET MAX The command locks the backup data area 'No software can access or modify the contents in the locked area' in the locked state, thereby ensuring the safety and reliability of the backup data. The method for locking the backup data area of the hard disk of the present invention not only ensures data security, but also fully meets the needs of system manufacturers for mass production of hard disks with backup data content. Fig. 2 is a method for locking a data backup area according to an embodiment of the present invention. In this embodiment, the locking method for the high-end area of the hard disk is implemented as the ATAA 5 specification by using the SET Μχ command. This command is used to set the maximum address of the hard disk. After the setting is successful, sectors larger than the set address in the hard disk will not be accessible. This command is used to lock the high-end area of the hard disk in this way. There are two types of locks in the high-end area of hard disks: permanent locks and temporary locks. After the two locking methods are set, the locking effect on the hard disk access control is the same. The difference is only the duration of the lock. The temporary locking method is only effective when the hard disk is powered on. Setting; the permanent lock mode is still effective after the hard disk is powered off. However, the setting of the permanent lock mode can only be performed once during one power-on cycle of the hard disk, and it is invalid when the second attempt is made to set the permanent lock. System manufacturers use hard disk duplicators for mass production, and hard disk duplicators use software to access hard disk space. If locks are set during production, high-end data backup areas cannot be effectively used.

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Therefore, this embodiment adopts the following method: When backing up the hard disk, in order to facilitate production, only the hard disk is temporarily locked. During the backup, a "lock to be locked" mark is stored in the backup area. The meaning of this mark is that the hard disk has been backed up, but the backup data area of the hard disk has not been permanently locked. Sexual locking not only guarantees the security of data during this power-up cycle, but also allows system manufacturers to turn off the power after the backup is complete, remove the hard disk, and install it on a hard disk duplicator for a complete hard disk copy ( At this time, although the hard disk is temporarily locked, it is invalid after power failure, so the hard disk duplicator software can access the backup data area). When the subsequent computer system is started, the system B j 〇 will check the mark, if the mark is "to be locked", the hard disk is permanently locked, if the lock is successful, the mark is set "successful" "Lock status", if the permanent lock is unsuccessful, do not change the lock flag, and set a temporary lock on the hard disk, and then perform a permanent lock at the next startup until the success will be high, permanent lock lock. Setting a temporary lock when the permanent lock is unsuccessful ensures the safety of the data during this power-up cycle. The setting of the lock flag allows the computer to lock each time it is started until the lock is successful. As shown in Figure 2, when setting a lock on the data backup area, no user intervention is required. 'Each hard disk is subjected to the following operations: Use the temporary SET MAX command to set its maximum capacity to the actual valley of the hard disk, and then call The control information in the hard disk is displayed. If the mark in the control information indicates that the m hard disk is in a state of "to be locked", the number of backups of the hard disk is -17-

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The data area is permanently locked. If the lock is successful, the “successful lock” flag is set. If it is not successful, then the temporary SET Μχ command is used to lock the backup data area. In the embodiment of the data backup method of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B, because a user's system may have multiple hard disks installed, when performing a hard disk backup operation, first let the user choose For the hard disk to be operated, after selecting the hard disk, because the hard disk may have been backed up and locked before, all the hard disk data must be unlocked to access the data. Therefore, using the temporary SET MAX command will harden the hard disk. The capacity of the hard disk is set to the actual maximum capacity of the hard disk, and the locked area in the hard disk is unlocked; then, the first logical sector of the hard disk is read out as the master boot record (MBr), such as the master boot " I own The hard disk partition information table in the record can find the information of each partition of the hard disk. First, as the FAT table of each partition, calculate the number of sectors occupied by the data in each partition, and add up to get the space required for each partition of the hard disk. You can add 5 to this sector number. 0 0 'As the size of the space required for the backup data area, these 500 sectors are reserved for storing control information and some useful sectors that do not belong to any partition, such as MBR and other sectors. After calculating the space required for the data backup area, check whether there is enough space in the high end of the hard disk to divide the data backup area. If there is not enough space, the hard disk cannot perform data backup; if there is sufficient S ', such as calculating the required capacity of the data backup area, divide the data backup area in the high-end space of the hard disk;

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O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 569131 Five A7 ^ ______ B7, Ming (16) '~ The information in the partition FAT will be The data information in each partition is read out and saved to the data backup area. Finally, the data backup area is locked to make the backup data in a protected state. Figure 6 is a detailed process of backing up a partition in a hard disk. This process reads out the useful data in the partition and backs it up to the divided data backup area. These useful data include: the partition's boot record, the partition's FAT table, and the partition. A cluster of data is stored in the data area of. Whether or not useful data is stored in a cluster in the data area is determined by recording in the FAT. If the cluster information in the FAT table is 0, it indicates that the cluster is not occupied and does not need to be saved; if the cluster information is If it is non-zero, the cluster reads 'Save in the backup data area'. After all the partitions are saved, the MBR and the backup control information are also stored in the data backup area. At this time, the backup is completed, the backup success flag is set, and the "to be locked," flag is set. Finally, use the temporary SET MAX command. The data backup area is locked. The purpose of the lock is to protect the data in the hard disk backup data area. The purpose of using the temporary SET MAX command is that after the backup is successful, the system manufacturer can use it to copy the hard disks in large quantities. Production, and if the area is permanently locked, after the system manufacturer removes the hard disk, the backup data area is still locked, and the contents of the backup data area cannot be copied. Because of the "to be locked" flag we set, When using the hard disk to boot up again, BI 0 S will automatically recognize the logo and set the hard disk to be permanently locked. -19-

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The method for restoring backup data of the present invention can be implemented in two ways, which respectively meet different needs of users, namely, recovering a single partition of a hard disk and restoring all hard disk contents, as shown in FIG. 4A and FIG. 4B and FIG. 5. If the user presses the hard disk recovery hot key during the BIOS power-on self-test, the hard disk recovery operation will be performed. The user will first be asked to choose the recovery method. If the recovery method for a single partition is selected, Then the selected single partition is restored, as shown in Figure 4 A and Figure 4 B. It does not affect the partition status of the hard disk and the contents of other partitions. If the recovery method for restoring the entire hard disk is selected, the status at the time of backup is selected. Restore the hard disk partition status and the contents of each partition, as shown in Figure 5. The method of restoring only a single partition of the hard disk is to restore one of the hard disk contents backed up in the backup area without changing the partition status of the hard disk and without affecting the contents of other partitions in the hard disk. Even if the user changes the size of the partition after the backup, as long as the capacity of the partition is greater than the capacity of the backup after the change, the partition can be restored according to the contents of the backup. This recovery method is implemented by converting the content of the partition into a file. When the size of the partition changes and the size of each cluster of the partition does not change, the present invention also provides a simple and independent method that does not depend on the file. Method to achieve single partition recovery. When performing the action of recovering a single partition, as shown in Figure 4 A and Figure 4 B, first let the user select the hard disk to be operated, and then use the temporary SETMAX command to set the capacity of the hard disk to the actual capacity of the hard disk. Number of backups O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK-20.

569131 A7 _______B7 V. Description of the invention (18) '— According to the control information in the area, if the control information is legal and the control information indicates that there is backup information in this hard disk', perform the following operations, otherwise recovery cannot be performed. Let the user select the partition to be restored. Because the user may have adjusted the size of the partition, the current size of the partition on the hard disk must be read out. Compare with the amount of data stored in the backup partition to see if the current partition can hold the backup data. Content. If the current partition is sufficient to hold the data of the backup partition, restore the single partition. Otherwise, you cannot restore this partition. At this time, you can use one of two methods to achieve the recovery of a single partition. The file-based method is more complicated, and the fat-based method is simpler to implement, but there are some restrictions. In addition to requiring the current partition to be able to In addition to accommodating the data to be backed up, the current partition and the partition structure and cluster size at the time of backup are required to be the same. We can judge for a long time if the structure of the current partition and the size of the cluster are the same, then use the FAT-based method; otherwise, perform the file-based operation. The introduction of these two methods is as follows: (i) The recovery method based on the file occupation method is shown in Figure 9A and Figure 9B. The data in the backup area is started from the root directory. The backup is divided into several clusters according to the size of the cluster in the current partition, and each file is reassembled into a cluster chain and stored in the current partition. At the same time, O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK 2! Standard (CNS) M specifications (coffee X 297 public director) 569131

Change the file information in the directory so that it can point to the correct first cluster in the recovered partition. For the subhead green, in addition to reorganizing the directory itself into a cluster chain and storing it in the partition, the files and subdirectories in its directory are also reorganized into a cluster chain and stored in the partition. In this way, the same file system is created in the partition as in the backup, which completes the file-by-file recovery from backup to partition. (i i) Recovery method based on FAT occupation method As shown in Figure 8, the premise of this method is that the partition to be restored and the partition structure and the number of sectors per cluster are the same when the backup is performed, and the partition sizes can be different. The partition structure and the size of the cluster are the same, you can directly restore the data in the data area to the state at the time of backup, and the size of the partition is different, and the size of FAT is also different. You only need to restore the cluster occupation according to the situation at the time of backup. Therefore, this backup method restores the clusters used in the partition to the partition according to the FAT table at the time of the backup, and restores the occupancy of the clusters in the backup FAT table to the partition FAT table. The partition FAT table is not used. The cluster is filled with the empty cluster flag. With regard to the method of restoring the contents of all hard disks, the partition status of the hard disk and the data of each partition can be restored to the state at the time of backup, as shown in Figure 5 and Figure 7. This recovery method first reads the partition status of the hard disk saved in the backup data area of the hard disk, and copies the current partition status of the hard disk to the device.

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Time, then for each partition, such as the occupancy of the F A τ table during backup, restore the content of each partition in the backup area to the corresponding location in the partition. First let the user select the hard disk to be operated, and use the Ε τ MAX command to set its capacity to the actual capacity of the hard disk so that it can access the backup data area of the hard disk. Read out the control information in the backup data area 'If there is no backup data in the current hard disk, you cannot restore it. If there is backup data in the hard disk, read the backup hard disk from the backup data area first. This partition is the MBR. From it, the partition status of the hard disk at the time of backup will be found, and the MBR will be restored to the current hard disk. According to the partition status at the time of backup, read the backup of the partition from the backup data area for each partition. Basic information, such as p BR of the partition, hidden sectors of the partition, etc., restore it; then read out the file allocation table (FAT) of the partition backed up in the backup data area, such as the cluster occupation in FA τ, Read and restore the backup cluster in the partition, and restore the FAT. After restoring all the backup partitions, the entire hard disk is restored to the state at the time of backup. -twenty three-

O: \ 75 \ 75029.DOC \ WCK This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

Claims (1)

»Ύύ 4 brother $ Φ | 490 Patent application g Replacement of patent scope (October 1992) g Patent application scope • A method of hard disk data backup for backing up user data in hard disk, including The following steps: (1) Allocate at least a piece of hard disk space on the hard disk as a data backup area; (2) Back up the partition status on the hard disk and the data to be backed up for at least one partition to the data backup area; ( 3) Lock the salty data backup area to prevent other application software or operating system from asking the data backup area. 2. The method of claim 1 in the scope of patent application, wherein the data backup area is a high-end area of logical addresses on the hard disk. 3. The method according to item 1 or 2 of the scope of patent application, wherein the locking of the data backup area and the setting of the data backup area are achieved by setting a hard-wired maximum address which is smaller than the hard-address The actual maximum space address of the disc. 4 4 · The method according to item 3 of the scope of patent application, wherein the S e TMAX command supported by the hard disk area protection function of the hard disk itself is used to set the maximum address of the hard disk. The high-end area is divided as a data backup area; the area on the hard disk that is smaller than the maximum address is used as the data area available to the user. 5 · The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the size of the data backup area is determined by the actual space occupied by the data on the hard disk. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 public directors) 56913 / ί A8 B8 C8 D8 4 months ^ ^ Day Dagger Zheng 'y Supplement VI. Patent application scope 6 The method of item, in the data backup, the hard disk data is nested into the data backup area together with the control information, the control information includes the size of the backup area, the starting address of the backup area, the size of the original partition of the backup, the original partition's Information about the number, the type of partition, the size of the hard disk blade table, and whether the backup area was successfully locked. 7 · As for the method of applying for item No. 丨, the method of locking the data backup area includes the following two methods: (1) Permanent lock: After the lock, the high-end locked data backup area cannot be accessed. It is still unable to access the locked data backup area when the hard disk is powered off and then restarted; (2) Temporary locking ... After the lock, the high-end locked data backup area will not be accessible 'but after the hard disk is powered off The locked state when restarting is the last locked state value set by the hard disk. 8. The method according to item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the two locking methods correspond to the two setting methods of the S E T M A X command, that is, the permanent setting method and the temporary setting method. 9. The method according to item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein a mark indicating a locked state is stored in the data backup area during data backup, and the mark can be set as a to-be-locked mark and a successful lock mark, respectively Implemented temporary and permanent locks. 10. The method according to item 9 of the scope of patent application, wherein when the hard disk is activated-2-D8 6. If the mark in the patent application is a mark to be locked, the hard disk is permanently locked, After the lock is successfully set, the flag is set as a successful lock flag. / Not 11. · The method of item i of the scope of patent application, wherein the steps of backing up data to the data backup area include: (1) reading the master boot record of the hard disk; (2) as in the king boot record Find the information of each partition in the hard disk partition information table; (3) Calculate the data occupation in each partition, such as the FAT table of each partition, and calculate the required capacity of the backup partition. Free space to divide the backup data area; (4) save the fAT table and boot record sectors in each partition to the data backup area; (5) for each partition, such as the FAT table occupation, the partition data area has been The used cluster is saved to the data backup area. 12. — A hard disk data recovery method for recovering locked data from a hard disk from a data backup area to a partition accessible by the operating system, including ... (1) The data backup area Unlock; (2) Restore the data in the data backup area to the corresponding hard disk partition, such as the control information stored in the data backup area. This step includes the following steps that can be selected by the user: -3- This paper size applies China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 public directors) 56913 "Guang A8 B8 C8 Scope of patent application (a) Steps of restoring a single partition of a hard disk: restoring the data of a certain partition of the hard disk content backed up in the data backup area, (b) Steps of restoring the entire hard disk content: Partitioning the hard disk Restore the state to the state at the time of backup 'and restore the data in the data backup area to each corresponding hard media partition. 13. The method of claim 12 in the scope of patent application, wherein the locking of the data backup area is achieved by setting a maximum address of the hard disk, the maximum address being smaller than the actual maximum space address of the hard disk; The unlocking step is to set the actual maximum space address of the hard disk as the maximum address so that the data backup area can be accessed. 14. The method according to item 12 of the scope of patent application, wherein the step of restoring a single partition of the hard disk includes: starting the data in the data backup area from the root directory, and sequentially dividing them out in the form of files. 'Back up each file according to the current partition. The size of the cluster is re-divided into several clusters. Each file is reassembled into a cluster chain and stored in the current partition. At the same time, the file information in the directory is modified so that it can point to the correct first cluster in the recovered partition. The directory itself is reorganized into a cluster chain and stored outside of the partition. The files and subdirectories in its directory are also reorganized into a cluster chain and stored in the partition. 15. The method of claim 12 in the scope of patent application, wherein the recovery of a single hard disk -4- 56913r vi〇 ;: Patent application partitioning steps include: When the partition to be restored and the partition structure and the number of sectors per cluster are the same at the time of the backup, the cluster used in the partition is restored to the partition according to the FAT table at the time of backup At the same time, the cluster occupancy in the backup FAT table is restored to the partition "AT" table, and other / reuse cluster information in the partition fat table is filled into the empty cluster flag. The method for installing 16. = the scope of the patent application is to read the partition status of the hard disk in the backup data area of the hard disk first, read the current partition status of the hard disk, and then change the status of the device. For each partition, such as the occupancy of the FAT table during backup, the content of each partition in the backup area is restored to the corresponding location of the partition. 17. The method of claim i, 2, 5, 6, 7, δ, 9, 1 (), U, 12, 13, 14, 15, or 16 of the scope of patent application, wherein the hard disk data is controlled to realize the method The computer program of each step of the backup method and the data recovery method is added to the system and system BIOs program in the computer. This program is executed when the computer is started. 18. The method of claim U, wherein a hot key for starting the execution of the method is provided on the computer, and when the hot key is pressed, the computer executes the steps of the method. -5- The paper size is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) M specification (21 × 297 male diamond)