558598 五、發明說明（1) 發明所屬之技術領域】 本發明係有關一種小型氣渦輪弓丨擎 於備用電源的發電，尤指一種以渦輪掸】置，應用 心，且具有二級燃燒室設計的小二w為轉子動力核 置。 1乳渦輪？丨擎發電機裝 【先前技術】 目前全球電力需求持續成長， 電業市場逐步解除管制，透過競爭7 =而，，全球各地 發電成本，-方面有助於舒緩目前m口吳’降低 方面可避免因輸電線路或輸變=^ ^緊的窘境， 故，小型分散式發電市場商糸==電事 的主流。 等成為未來電業經營 I般備用發電機依其使用範圍大致上有：小 枝、中型可移動式發電機及大型的備用發電機，目二 的發電機大多以柴油或烬料氣為主 活塞往復式引擎作為動力、::：主於 1主要的目的在防止人為或= 需：：：建往復式引擎式發電機其結構複ΐ 季的建置二間，其電力電量成本約為0.07-0.09美元/ 社時’其主要用的燃料為天然氣或燃油（柴油），、 用的層面而言’對於使用者的需求重點，乃在於：吏 (1)低購置成本。 (2 )低維護需求。 558598558598 V. Description of the invention (1) The technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a small gas turbine bow powered by a standby power source, especially a turbine, which is applied, and has a two-stage combustion chamber design The small second w is the rotor power core. 1 milk turbine?丨 Engine generator installation [Previous technology] At present, the global power demand continues to grow, and the electricity market is gradually deregulated. Through competition 7 =, the cost of power generation around the world, which can help ease the current situation, can be avoided. Due to the dilemma of tight transmission lines or transmission transformers, the small-scale decentralized power generation market is not the mainstream of electricity. According to the scope of use, the standby generators that will become I-like operators in the future electricity industry generally include: twigs, medium-sized mobile generators and large backup generators. The generators of the No. 2 generator are mainly reciprocating with diesel or embers The main purpose of the engine is to prevent man-made or =. Need ::: The structure of the reciprocating engine generator is restored, and the cost of electricity and electricity is about 0.07-0.09. US $ / community's main fuel used is natural gas or fuel oil (diesel). At the user level, the focus of user demand is on: (1) Low purchase cost. (2) Low maintenance requirements. 558598
(3 )低污染排放。 (4) 低發電成本。 (5) 南效率發電。 (6) 高可靠度。 (7 )高空間率。 (8 )高移動性。 ，活塞 第一， 常係於 室的空 題為將 修復的 周章的 費相當 體積與 空間越 ，會佔 ，會產 延伸猶 的困難 皆產生 為主要 成污染 排放之 往復式 活塞往 大樓建 間，將 來的維 損壞時 將發電 大的人 發電量 大，以 去太多 生相當 如第一 度，此 很大的 的動力 ，不易 吸收則 然而 的問題， 也大，通 置於地下 延伸的問 發生不可 必需大費 本上均耗 式發電機 其所佔的 需求而言 於運轉時 其問題的 均有相當 抑及排放 柴油引擎 環境會造 染物生成 發電機的 復式發電 造之初， 來大樓落 修及保養 ，則無法 機從地底 力、物力 成正比， 台灣目前 的空間； 大的震動 點所述， 外，發電 問題；第 來源’其 於燃燒過 會提高維 思直仔在 機的體積 即將活塞 成時，再 不易，若 進行維修 下挖出後 及成本； 故發電量 都會型的 第三，活 ，故必需 對於將來 機產生的 四，活塞 運轉過程 程中降低 護及裝置 耆許多極 大，所佔 往復式發 接線使用 發電機因 或更換， 進行更換 第二，活 的需求越 寸土寸金 塞往復式 設置於地 的維修及 噪音及廢 往復式發 所產生的 其產生率 成本。 待解決 的空間 電機設 ，其所 使用而 或則， ，於成 塞往復 大，則 的空間 發電機 下室， 更換， 氣的壓 電機以 廢氣對 ，且污(3) Low pollution emissions. (4) Low power generation costs. (5) South efficiency power generation. (6) High reliability. (7) High space ratio. (8) High mobility. The piston is the first, often tied to the chamber. The volume and space of the repaired weekly chapter is more volume and space, the more it will occupy, and the difficulties of extension will be caused by the reciprocating piston, which is mainly a pollution discharge, to the building. In the future, when the dimension is damaged, people who generate large amounts of electricity will generate a large amount of electricity. It is equivalent to the first degree to save too much energy. However, this great power is not easy to absorb. However, the problem is also large. It is not necessary to pay a large amount of cost-consuming generators, and the problems they occupy during operation are quite restrained. The diesel engine environment will generate dyes and generate generators. At the beginning of the complex power generation, the building was repaired. And maintenance, the machine cannot be directly proportional to the ground force and physical force of Taiwan ’s current space; large vibration points, in addition to the problem of power generation; the second source 'its combustion after it will increase the volume of the Vessel Zhizi on the machine is about to be piston When it is completed, it will not be easy. If it is repaired, it will be excavated and the cost. Therefore, the amount of power generation will be the third, and it must be generated for the future machine. Fourth, the reduction of the protection and equipment during the operation of the piston is very large. The reciprocating type of power lines is replaced or replaced by a generator. Second, the more demanding the earth is, the more the earth plug is installed on the ground for maintenance and repair. The cost of generating noise and waste reciprocating hair. The space motor to be settled, the space it uses, or it is, the space between the plugs is large, the space under the generator is replaced, the air pressure of the motor is exhausted, and the pollution
第6頁 558598Page 6 558598
第7頁 558598 五、發明說明（4) ^、 由第一級燃燒室211及一第二級燃燒室2〗2組 成，此苐一級燃燒室211與該第二級燃燒室212 並與渦輪增壓器10的渦輪102連接；-燃氣供 2 連接至第一級燃燒室211，此燃氣供應裝置41可 二二化Λ然氣氣槽或天'然氣中繼槽，肖以提供卜級燃燒 ί 42二Ϊ燃氣或其它適用的燃料氣）；一燃油供應裝 ^ ,第一級燃燒室211，此燃油供應裝置42可為燃 ^ 1燃枓油（如柴油、汽油或其它適用的燃料油品一 壓空氣儲存裝置31 ’連接至渦輪增塵器1〇的渦輪1〇2，由 二 將外部空氣透過壓縮機加壓成高壓空氣 二：：叙：堅工軋瓶32中’作為啟動發電機裝置的啟始動 二-動力渦輪11，與該渦輪增壓器10的渦輪1〇2之排出 =，：，：高溫高壓熱氣作功後使動力渴輪產生全速的 =轉’並經由—變速齒輪箱12將轉速降至可發電利用的轉 速^且將電源輸达至電頭i 3 ;且燃氣或燃油之供應設備 (燃氣供應裝置41及燃油供應裝置42)，取決於燃声室之机 ^於本發明中則包括燃氣燃燒器、燃料燃燒^雙^ 燃燒器。於使用雙燃料燃燒器時，本案發電機裝置中則 含燃氣與燃油供應設備，以增加系統的可用性。 、 另如圖中所示，本機缸太备备4口 游高溫氣體通道，”」有動i聊下 閥27在渦輪102之下游；埶交換哭、盗 另又置一二通 加熱燃油，三通閥27係可使小 ^58598 五 、發明說明（5) 型<7 、 會^渦輪發電機裝置於啟動至怠速運轉間所產生的廢氣不 二到動力满輪1 1，一則保持啟動程序之簡單化， 有易於機組之啟動。 則 2 又，燃油供應裝置42係可先行連接到上述的熱交換器 ，先進行燃油預熱，再行連接到第一級燒室2丨i，其主 $係利用渦輪增壓器10於運轉時所排放的高溫 氣、 熱交換器24的作用，當燃油通過熱交換器24時二 預熱’使燃油的溫度提高。 ⑴Λ，Λ一熱交換器25 ’裝設於渦輪增壓器10的壓縮機 和>L U統21之間’纟主要係利用動力渦輪】】所排出 熱氣進入熱交換器25，以提高壓縮機1〇1 後，料人於燃燒室21+，可達有效㈣廢減能源，又大 幅提南發電機裝置之發電效率。 【實施方式】 請參照「第1圖i ，作勒7 # A / , 攸一广 彳乍勳呤，係先行由高壓空氣儲存 裝置3^將*壓空氣瓶32内的空氣送至渦輪增壓器1Q，以推 動渦輪102之葉片，使渦輪增壓器1〇開始旋轉，造成渦輪 增磨wo的壓縮機m會將外部空氣經過I網1〇3吸入，當 轉設值時’燃:氣供應裳置41或燃油供應裝置42 即開始將燃料（燃軋或燃油）輸送至第一級燃燒室2ιι中， 後點火成功後則逐漸增加辦料洁旦 土 倏 s A 4 ·说」 λ、、、卞十概里以使渦輪增壓器1 0轉速 增加至思速’燃料主要在第—級燃燒 時第：：：”212乃用以提供額外的燃燒空間以、減低發 電機裝置作動日灣燒不完全而產生的空氣污染，同時也Page 7 558598 V. Description of the invention (4) ^, It consists of a first-stage combustion chamber 211 and a second-stage combustion chamber 2 2. The first-stage combustion chamber 211 and the second-stage combustion chamber 212 are added to the turbine. The turbine 102 of the compressor 10 is connected;-the gas supply 2 is connected to the first-stage combustion chamber 211, and this gas supply device 41 can be a two-dimensional gas tank or a natural gas relay tank. Stage combustion ί 42 second gas or other applicable fuel gas); a fuel supply device ^, the first stage combustion chamber 211, this fuel supply device 42 can be ignited igniting oil (such as diesel, gasoline or other applicable fuel) The fuel oil primary pressure air storage device 31 'is connected to the turbine 102 of the turbo duster 10, and pressurizes the external air through the compressor to form high-pressure air. As the starter of the start-up generator device, the second power turbine 11 and the exhaust of the turbine 10 of the turbocharger 10 =,:,: After the high-temperature and high-pressure hot gas works to make the power thirsty wheel produce full speed = rpm 'and Via-the variable speed gearbox 12 reduces the speed to a speed that can be used for power generation ^ and the power is transmitted to the electric head i 3; Gas or fuel supply equipment (gas supply device 41 and fuel supply device 42), depending on the sound chamber mechanism ^ In the present invention, it includes a gas burner, fuel combustion ^ double ^ burner. The use of double In the case of a fuel burner, the generator unit in this case contains gas and fuel supply equipment to increase the availability of the system. As shown in the figure, the cylinder of this machine is too equipped with 4 high-temperature gas channels, "" has The lower valve 27 is located downstream of the turbine 102. I exchange the cry and steal and place another two-way heating fuel. The three-way valve 27 can make small ^ 58598 5. Invention description (5) type < 7, will ^ The exhaust gas generated by the turbo-generator device from the start-up to the idle operation is not limited to the power full wheel 1 1. One keeps the simplification of the start-up procedure and facilitates the start-up of the unit. Then, the fuel supply device 42 can be connected to The above heat exchanger is preheated by fuel and then connected to the first-stage combustion chamber 2 丨 i. Its main purpose is to use the high-temperature gas discharged by the turbocharger 10 during operation and the role of the heat exchanger 24 When the fuel passes through the heat exchanger 24 The temperature of the oil increases. ⑴Λ, Λ_Heat exchanger 25 'Installed between the compressor of the turbocharger 10 and the > LU system 21' The main purpose is to use the power turbine]] The hot gas discharged enters the heat exchanger 25 In order to improve the compressor 101, the material can be used in the combustion chamber 21+, which can effectively reduce waste and reduce energy, and greatly improve the power generation efficiency of the South generator unit. [Embodiment] Please refer to "Figure 1 Le 7 # A /, Youyi Guangxu Xunxuan, first the high pressure air storage device 3 ^ to send the air in the compressed air bottle 32 to the turbocharger 1Q, to push the blades of the turbine 102 to increase the turbine The compressor 10 starts to rotate, causing the compressor of the turbo-increasing wo. The compressor m will suck the external air through the I-net 103. When the setting value is changed, the 'burning: gas supply device 41 or fuel supply device 42 starts to fuel. (Combustion or fuel) is delivered to the first-stage combustion chamber 2m. After the successful ignition, the material is gradually increased. 洁 A 4 · say λ ,,, and 10 miles to make the turbocharger 10 speed Increasing to Sisu 'fuel is mainly used in the first stage of combustion: The extra combustion space reduces the air pollution caused by the incomplete firing of the electric motor.
558598 五、發明說明（6) 因此可加速發電機裝置達到怠速運轉的時間。其主要係採 用動力满輪11所排放出的熱氣進入熱交換器2 5，其熱氣和 壓縮機101所導入之空氣進入熱交換器25以提升壓縮機1〇1 所導入之空氣溫度。 請參閱圖中，當渦輪增壓器丨〇啟動後至急速運轉間， 其所產生的高溫的廢熱氣可經由三通閥27之導引進入熱交 換器24，以加熱此熱交換器24，而後引入熱交換器託使其 預熱’當熱交換器2 5加熱至某一設定值時，則可啟動所謂 的負載模式。本程序主要的目的是發電機裝置啟動的同 時，可預熱熱交換器（24、25)，此外也可以簡化啟動程 序’換言之，動力渦輪11在啟動期間是不運轉的。此啟動 程序之另一特點為三通閥2 7之作動，當機組在負載運轉 時’從滿輪1 0 2排出之高溫熱氣會先進入動力渦輪丨丨以發 電，而後才進入熱交換器24，這樣的設計乃避免因為預$熱 燃油而造成過大的壓力損失，進而使發電效率下降，造& 得不償失的效果，為了使熱交換器可快速達到工作溫度， 故在發電機裝置啟動模式期間，三通閥26可將經過壓^機 1 0 1之高壓空氣直接送入燃燒室2 1，而不經過熱交換器 當發電機裝置運轉進入負載模式時 敬燃燒室 211之功能則類似母火（pi 1 〇t f 1 ame)，而主要燃料燃燒則 發生於第二級燃燒室21 2中，燃料與空氣經過燃燒室2丨燃、 燒的過程後，即將化學能轉換成熱能並傳達至渦輪增壓“哭 1 0中的渦輪1 02，並帶動渦輪增壓器1 0轉子運轉，而9後帶% 558598 五、發明說明（7) 動動力满輪11，由於動力渦輪的高速運轉很高，可經由高 ^轉子發電的技術或透過傳統模式，也就是透過變速齒Z 箱12的調降轉速後，即能達到發電機所需要的轉速需求7 將旋轉動能轉換成電能，輸送至電頭13 ;另，如圖中所， 可加裝一廢熱氣回收裝置29，將多餘的熱氣回收，可用於 其它的加熱用途，例如，產生熱水或蒸氣等。 、 — 由上所述可知，本發明構思了 一種具有二級的燃繞 室’可於渴輪增壓器於啟動至怠速轉動之啟動模式期間 時’使燃料有充份的燃燒室空間及滯留時間，先行於第— 級，燒室中混合及燃燒，當機組欲進入負載模式運轉時， 則第一級燃燒室中則成為母火的功能，第二級燃燒室成為 主要的燃燒空間，此一設計可使發電機裝置在啟動至負載 運轉模式期間，降低因燃燒不完全而產生的廢氣污染；另 ^ =裝設熱交換器24，25分別於燃油供應裝置和第一級燃 燒室間，以及裝設於渦輪增壓器壓縮機1〇1與燃燒室21之、、、 間’其主要目的在於分別對燃油及燃燒空氣作預執，可大 幅提升發電機裝置之發電效率，降低發電成本。 、本發明小型氣渦輪引擎發電機裝置其據以實施後，至 少可產生下列數項優點： (1)燃燒室採二級式設計，可降低發電機裝置於啟動 模式時所產生的污染，且可使發電機於負載模式 運轉時，燃燒更穩定。 (2 )將熱交換器應用於發明中，可使廢熱氣受到有欵 的回收利用，有效的對燃油及燃燒空氣進行預 第11頁 558598 五、發明說明（8) 熱，可大幅提升發電機裝置的效率。 ⑺f電機裝置於啟動模式時，動力渦輪不 功，以簡化啟動程序。 曰百乍 (4)發電機裴置於啟動模式時， 熱交器，可使熱交換器快逮達到作動：可：預熱 度，先將高麼空氣旁通直接進入姆；工作溫 ⑸因旋轉機械產生的震動 置二： 及更換容易。 了哀置於頂樓，維修 ⑷Hi:輪引擎發電機裝置的機構中均可以已-=化的機構組成，故在維修及更二為: 綜上所述可知，士 & 以實施後’確實可達到建以ί渦：ΪΪ:電㈣置據 咼以及低染的氣目的。 、择邊合易、運轉效率 唯，以上所I ^ $ 已，並非用來限定：恭ί為本發明其中的較佳實施例而. 專利範圍所作的均施範圍；即凡依本發明申請 涵蓋。 ）^化與修飾，皆為本發明專利範圍戶; 第12頁 558598 圖式簡單說明 第1圖，本發明的平面配置示意圖。 【圖式符號說明】558598 V. Description of the invention (6) Therefore, it can accelerate the time for the generator device to reach idle speed. It mainly uses the hot air discharged from the power full wheel 11 to enter the heat exchanger 25, and the hot air and the air introduced by the compressor 101 enter the heat exchanger 25 to raise the temperature of the air introduced by the compressor 101. Please refer to the figure. When the turbocharger is started to the rapid operation, the high-temperature waste heat generated by the turbocharger can be guided into the heat exchanger 24 through the three-way valve 27 to heat the heat exchanger 24. Then introduce the heat exchanger bracket to preheat it. When the heat exchanger 25 is heated to a certain set value, the so-called load mode can be started. The main purpose of this program is to preheat the heat exchangers (24, 25) at the same time as the generator unit is started. In addition, the start-up procedure can be simplified. In other words, the power turbine 11 is not operated during the start-up. Another feature of this start-up procedure is the operation of the three-way valve 27. When the unit is operating under load, the high-temperature hot gas discharged from the full wheel 102 will enter the power turbine first to generate electricity, and then enter the heat exchanger 24. This design is to avoid excessive pressure loss caused by preheating the fuel, which will reduce the power generation efficiency, resulting in a loss of gain. In order to allow the heat exchanger to quickly reach the operating temperature, during the generator device startup mode, The three-way valve 26 can directly send the high-pressure air passing through the compressor 101 to the combustion chamber 21 without passing through the heat exchanger. When the generator unit runs into the load mode, the function of the combustion chamber 211 is similar to that of a mother fire. (Pi 1 〇tf 1 ame), and the main fuel combustion occurs in the second stage combustion chamber 21 2. After the combustion and combustion of fuel and air passes through the combustion chamber 2, the chemical energy is converted into thermal energy and transmitted to the turbine. Boost the turbo 1 02 in the crying 10, and drive the turbocharger 10 rotor to run, and 9 with the% 558598 V. Description of the invention (7) The full power of the power wheel 11 is high due to the high-speed operation of the power turbine ,can Power generation technology through high ^ rotor or through the traditional mode, that is, through the speed reduction of the gear box Z box 12, after the speed can be reached to the generator's required rotational speed 7 to convert the rotational kinetic energy into electrical energy, delivered to the electric head 13; In addition, as shown in the figure, a waste heat gas recovery device 29 can be installed to recover excess hot gas and can be used for other heating purposes, such as generating hot water or steam. From the above, it can be known that the inventive concept A combustion chamber with a two-stage combustion chamber can be used to make the fuel have sufficient combustion chamber space and residence time during the start-up mode of the thirsty wheel supercharger to start at idle speed. Mixing and combustion. When the unit wants to enter the load mode operation, the first stage combustion chamber becomes the function of mother fire, and the second stage combustion chamber becomes the main combustion space. This design enables the generator device to start to load. During the operation mode, reduce exhaust gas pollution caused by incomplete combustion; and ^ = install heat exchangers 24, 25 between the fuel supply device and the first stage combustion chamber, and install the turbine The main purpose of the compressor compressor 101 and the combustion chamber 21 is to pre-execute fuel oil and combustion air, respectively, which can greatly improve the power generation efficiency of the generator device and reduce the cost of power generation. After the turbine engine generator device is implemented, it can produce at least the following advantages: (1) The combustion chamber adopts a two-stage design, which can reduce the pollution generated when the generator device is in the startup mode, and can make the generator in Combustion is more stable when running in load mode. (2) The application of heat exchangers in the invention can make the waste heat gas be recycled in an effective way, and it can effectively pre-process fuel oil and combustion air. 8) Heat, which can greatly improve the efficiency of the generator unit. 电机 f When the motor unit is in the start mode, the power turbine does not work to simplify the startup process. (4) When the generator Pei is placed in the start-up mode, the heat exchanger can make the heat exchanger quickly reach the action: Yes: preheating, first bypass high air directly into the MU; working temperature The vibration generated by rotating machinery is set to two: and easy to replace. On the top floor, repairs can be made up of the hi-: wheel-engine generators. Therefore, in the maintenance and corrections, it can be seen that, in summary, after the implementation, it is indeed possible To achieve the purpose of building a vortex: ΪΪ: electric ㈣ 咼 咼 咼 咼 and low-dye qi. The choice is easy, the operation efficiency is only, the above I ^ $ has not been used to limit: Christine is the preferred embodiment of the present invention. The scope of patents made by the scope of application; . ) ^ Transformation and modification are the patent scope of the present invention; Page 12 558598 Brief description of the drawings Figure 1 is a schematic plan view of the present invention. [Illustration of Symbols]
10 渦輪增壓器 101 空氣壓縮機 102 滿輪 103 濾網 11 動力滿輪 12 變速齒輪箱 13 電頭 21 燃燒系統 211 第一級燃燒室 212 第二級燃燒室 24 熱交換器 25 熱交換器 26 三通閥 27 三通閥 29 廢熱氣回收裝置 31 高壓空氣儲存裝置 32 高壓空氣瓶 33 電源 41 燃氣供應裝置 42 燃油供應裝置 421 油泵 422 電源 111 SS1KI 第13頁10 Turbocharger 101 Air compressor 102 Full wheel 103 Strainer 11 Full power wheel 12 Gearbox 13 Electric head 21 Combustion system 211 First stage combustion chamber 212 Second stage combustion chamber 24 Heat exchanger 25 Heat exchanger 26 Three-way valve 27 Three-way valve 29 Waste heat recovery device 31 High-pressure air storage device 32 High-pressure air bottle 33 Power supply 41 Gas supply device 42 Fuel supply device 421 Oil pump 422 Power supply 111 SS1KI page 13