TW544649B

TW544649B - Liquid crystal display and its driving method

Info

Publication number: TW544649B
Application number: TW90131307A
Authority: TW
Inventors: Kenji Nakao; Daiichi Suzuki; Yoshinori Kobayashi; Katsuyuki Arimoto; Katsuhiko Kumagawa
Original assignee: Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd
Priority date: 2000-12-19
Filing date: 2001-12-18
Publication date: 2003-08-01

Abstract

The liquid crystal display device of the present invention performs an initialization by reversing the polarities of voltages inputted to two pixel electrodes (23alpha.beta) adjacent in the front and rear directions. Preferably, the front side edge (231alpha) of the rear pixel electrode (23alpha) out of the two pixel electrodes (23alpha.beta) adjacent in the front and rear directions is provided with a first projection (232alpha), and the rear side edge (233beta) of the front pixel electrode (23beta) out of the two pixel electrodes adjacent in the front and rear directions is provided with a second projection (234beta).

Description

544649 A7 ____— B7 _____ 五、發明說明（/ ) [技術領域] 本發明係關於液晶顯示裝置，詳言之，係關於顯示狀態時之定向狀態與非顯示狀態時之定向狀態不同，且顯示影像之前，需由非顯示狀態之定向狀態初始化到顯示狀態定向狀態之液晶顯示裝置中，可更有效率地進行初始化之液晶顯示裝置及其驅動方法。 [習知技術] 就需要局速回應以及高視野角之液晶顯示裝置而言，眾所皆知地有使用OCB模式之OCB型液晶顯示裝置。圖18(a)顯示此OCB型液晶顯示裝置之一般構成。 OCB型液晶顯示裝置1，具有陣列基板2，以及與此陣列基板對向之對向基板3，以及在此陣列基板2與對向基板3 之間所挾之OCB模式之液晶5(以下，亦簡稱爲「液晶」）。圖19係顯示OCB型液晶顯示裝置之一般剖面構成。如圖19所示，陣列基板2之下方，依序層積相位差板91d 以及偏光板92d。陣列基板2之上方，層積有定向膜6d，此定向膜6d將後述之像素電極23以及液晶5定向於既定方向。同樣地，在對向基板3之上方，層積有相位差板 91u以及偏光板92u。在對向基板3之下方，層積有定向膜 6u，此定向膜將後述之對向電極31以及液晶5定向於既定方向。偏光板92d之偏光軸與偏光板92u之偏光軸相互地正交。此外，圖18中，爲了容易理解，因此省略定向膜6 、相位差板91、以及偏光板92。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)544649 A7 ____— B7 _____ V. Description of the Invention (/) [Technical Field] The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device. In detail, the orientation state when the display state is different from the orientation state when the display state is different, and the image is displayed. Previously, a liquid crystal display device that needed to be initialized from a non-display orientation state to a display state orientation state can be more efficiently initialized and its driving method. [Known Technology] As for a liquid crystal display device that requires a fast response and a high viewing angle, it is known to use an OCB type liquid crystal display device using an OCB mode. FIG. 18 (a) shows a general configuration of the OCB type liquid crystal display device. The OCB type liquid crystal display device 1 includes an array substrate 2 and an opposite substrate 3 facing the array substrate, and an OCB mode liquid crystal 5 (hereinafter, also (Referred to as "Liquid Crystal"). FIG. 19 shows a general cross-sectional structure of an OCB type liquid crystal display device. As shown in FIG. 19, below the array substrate 2, a retardation plate 91d and a polarizing plate 92d are sequentially laminated. Above the array substrate 2, an alignment film 6d is laminated, and this alignment film 6d orients a pixel electrode 23 and a liquid crystal 5 described later in a predetermined direction. Similarly, above the counter substrate 3, a retardation plate 91u and a polarizing plate 92u are laminated. Below the counter substrate 3, an alignment film 6u is laminated. This alignment film orients the counter electrode 31 and the liquid crystal 5 described later in a predetermined direction. The polarization axis of the polarizing plate 92d and the polarization axis of the polarizing plate 92u are orthogonal to each other. Note that in FIG. 18, the orientation film 6, the retardation plate 91, and the polarizing plate 92 are omitted for easy understanding. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)

· n n u n I— n n^-OJI n n I 線丨· 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） $44649 A7 __ B7 ___ 五、發明說明（>^ ) 如圖18(a)所示，陣列基板2，包含有：透明之陣列基板本體20 ’以及設置在此基板本體20上、以縱方向平行之多數條源極線21，以及與該等源極線21正交之多數條閘極線22。在陣列基板20之上方，配置有複數個透明像素電極23，而該等電極，被包圍在該等相鄰之兩條源極線 21於相鄰之兩條閘極線22之間。另一方面，對向基板3，包含有：透明之對向基板本體30，以及在此對向基板本體 _ 30之一面設置之透明電極31。圖18(a)中，濾色片32係包挾在透明對向基板本體30與透明對向電極31之間，但亦可將此濾色片32設置在陣列基板2側。圖18(b)爲像素電極23之擴大圖。在各像素電極23上，設置由一般簡稱爲「TFT」之薄膜電晶體構成之切換元件4。更具體地來說，此由薄膜電晶體構成之切換元件4，其包含：與閘極線22相連接之閘電極41，以及與源極線 22相連接之源電極42，以及與像素電極23相連接之汲電極43。在源電極42與汲電極43之間，由未圖示之半導體薄膜加以連接。閘電極41，透過閘絕緣層（未圖示)與此半導體薄膜重疊，並透過施加於閘電極41上之驅動電壓，透過半導體薄膜，來在源電極42與汲電極43之間進行切換。· Nnun I— nn ^ -OJI nn I line 丨 · This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) $ 44649 A7 __ B7 ___ 5. Description of the invention (> ^) Figure 18 As shown in (a), the array substrate 2 includes a transparent array substrate body 20 'and a plurality of source lines 21 arranged on the substrate body 20 and parallel in the longitudinal direction, and are positively aligned with the source lines 21. Turn over the gate line 22. Above the array substrate 20, a plurality of transparent pixel electrodes 23 are arranged, and the electrodes are enclosed between the two adjacent source lines 21 and the two adjacent gate lines 22. On the other hand, the opposite substrate 3 includes a transparent opposite substrate body 30 and a transparent electrode 31 provided on one surface of the opposite substrate body _ 30. In FIG. 18 (a), the color filter 32 is enclosed between the transparent counter substrate body 30 and the transparent counter electrode 31, but the color filter 32 may be provided on the array substrate 2 side. FIG. 18 (b) is an enlarged view of the pixel electrode 23. On each pixel electrode 23, a switching element 4 composed of a thin film transistor generally referred to as "TFT" is provided. More specifically, the switching element 4 composed of a thin film transistor includes a gate electrode 41 connected to the gate line 22, a source electrode 42 connected to the source line 22, and a pixel electrode 23相连接 of the drain electrode 43. The source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43 are connected by a semiconductor thin film (not shown). The gate electrode 41 is overlapped with this semiconductor film through a gate insulating layer (not shown), and the driving voltage applied to the gate electrode 41 is passed through the semiconductor film to switch between the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43.

以下，一倂說明由該薄膜電晶體所構成之切換元件4 之動作與影像顯示。通常，在閘極線22及與其連接之閘電極41上，施加有負10V之電壓。此狀態下，切換元件4 爲「OFF」之狀態。接著，在圖18(a)所示之第1段閘極線 22a施加正10V之驅動電壓，以使第1段各切換元件4A (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) —1T---------^ 1IAWI. 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 B7 五、發明說明（々）成爲「ON」。據此，源電極42與汲電極43之間成爲電氣連接。在將切換元件4 一起設爲「ON」之同時，對各源極線21施加對應欲顯示之影像的電壓。施加在源極線21上之電壓，透過源電極42以及汲電極43來施加在各像素電極23上。據此，在第1段各像素電極23a與對象電極31 之間，分別產生電位差。接著，在第1段閘極線22a上，施加負10V之電壓’ .來將第1段切換元件4設爲「OFF」。與此同時，在第2 段閘極線22B上，施加正10V之電壓，來一齊將第2段切換元件4B設爲「ON」。與上述相同，在將切換元件4B 設爲「ON」之同時，對各源極線21施加對應欲顯示之影像的電壓，據此，在第2段各像素電極23b與對象電極31 之間，分別產生電位差。將該等動作重複使用在第3段一後之閘極線22C上’ 據此，來使得在各像素電極23b與對象電極31之間，產生對應欲顯示影像之電位差。接著，說明在OCB型液晶顯示裝置之一般的影像顯示方法。在OCB型液晶顯示裝置之下面或是側面，照射來自未圖示之背光組的光。此等光中，如圖20所示，只有在與偏光板92d之偏光軸921d相同之偏光面之光會通過偏光板 92d。接著，該等光(偏光)透過通過相位差板91d，來賦予相位差板91d所有相位差(約-35nm)。通過相位差板91d之光，接著透過以相位差顯示之影像所S周卽之液晶5。據此，光線被進一步地加上相位差。本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ~ · n ί ί J i tn 1 ^ > Μ··· W* aHW ew wn·· w· 層 MM 言矣 544649 B7 五、發明說明（+ ) 接著，此光線到達相位差板91u。相位差板91u，與相位差板91d有相同之相位差(在上述之例中爲一 35 nm) ’光藉由此相位差板，更進一步地賦予相位差。此處，詳細說明「相位差」，如圖20所示，由通過之偏光板92d(具有既定偏光軸921d)之正弦波所組成之偏光 L，其可以分解爲兩個値交之正弦波成分Lx、Ly。如圖 20(a)所示，若液晶5(嚴格來說爲液晶分子51)之長軸LQLS .，其對於偏光L前進之軸y爲平行的話，則成分Lx在液晶5內部前進之距離D1(圖20中以粗線顯示之部分)與成分Ly在液晶5內部前進之距離D2相同（圖20中以粗線顯示之部分）。因此，係由液晶5同時射出成分Lx與Ly，故不會產生相位差。另一方面，若液晶5(嚴格來說爲液晶分子51)之長軸 LQLS，其對於偏光L前進之軸y爲垂直(在圖20(b)中成分 Lx與長軸LQLS·爲平行)的話，則成分Lx在液晶5內部前進之距離D1比成分Ly在液晶5內部前進之距離D2還長，因此由液晶5出來之成分Lx比成分Ly還慢。因此，正弦波成分Lx偏移到比正弦波成分Ly還要後面(在圖12(b) 爲在左側)之地方。此偏移即爲「相位差」。如前述所述，液晶係根據欲顯示之影像進行調變，來具有既定之相位差。舉例來說，在顯示白時，液晶5有約 345nm之相位差，顯示黑時，液晶5有約70nm之相位差。在顯示黑之時，由相位差板91以及液晶5所接收之相位差爲0(=- 35+70 - 35)，亦即沒有相位差。另一方面， (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) · ϋ -ϋ n l n n 一 I n n I ai a— n ϋ I n i i n ϋ !1 n ·1 I I— n a— m flu —.1 an i— I— n *»1— i 1 In 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） A7 544649 _______B7 _ 五、發明說明（< ) 由相位差板91以及液晶5所接收之相位差，在上例爲 245nm(= - 35+345 - 35)。因爲偏光板92d之偏光軸與偏光板92ιι之偏光軸爲相互正交，因此透過相位差板91u到達偏光板92ιι而沒有相位差之光，無法通過偏光板92u。因此，成爲「顯示黑」。更詳言之，如圖20(a)所示，當正弦波成分Lx、Ly之間之相位差爲0時，由正弦波成分Lx、 Ly所合成之偏光L之偏光面’其與偏光板92d之偏光軸 .921d平行，因此與偏光板92u之偏光軸921u正交。因此，此光線無法通過偏光板92u，而成爲「顯示黑」。另一方面，顯示白時，由相位差板91以及液晶5所接收之相位差，在上例爲245nm(= - 35 + 345 — 35)。當正弦波成分Lx、Ly之間之相位差爲245nm時，由正弦波成分Lx 、Ly所合成之偏光L之偏光面，其與偏光板92u之偏光軸 92lu平行。因此，此光線因爲通過偏光板92u，因此成爲「顯示白」。在上述之說明中，相位差爲245nm，但是顯示白時所必須之相位差，由業者來適當地選擇得到。圖21爲顯示一般之OCB模式之液晶5之亮度-電壓特性之圖。若將電壓提昇，則液晶5賦予偏光之相位差會變小，因此亮度會下降，最後成爲「顯示黑」。若將電壓降低’則液晶5賦予偏光之相位差會變大，因此亮度會上升 ’最後成爲「顯示白」。以此方式，於每個像素電極，調節欲顯示之影像之亮度。在經過如此調節過亮度之光線，最後會透過濾色片32 。如圖22所示，一般之液晶顯示裝置中，在橫方向爲紅色 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)The operation and image display of the switching element 4 composed of the thin film transistor will be described below. Normally, a voltage of minus 10 V is applied to the gate line 22 and the gate electrode 41 connected thereto. In this state, the switching element 4 is in the "OFF" state. Next, a positive driving voltage of 10V is applied to the gate line 22a of the first stage shown in FIG. 18 (a), so that each switching element of the first stage is 4A (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) —1T- -------- ^ 1IAWI. Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 544649 B7. 5. Description of invention (々) Become "ON". Accordingly, the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43 are electrically connected. While the switching element 4 is set to "ON" together, a voltage corresponding to the image to be displayed is applied to each source line 21. The voltage applied to the source line 21 is applied to each pixel electrode 23 through the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43. Accordingly, a potential difference is generated between each of the pixel electrodes 23a and the target electrode 31 in the first stage. Next, a voltage of minus 10 V is applied to the first-stage gate line 22a to set the first-stage switching element 4 to "OFF". At the same time, a positive voltage of 10 V is applied to the gate line 22B of the second stage to set the second stage switching element 4B to "ON" at the same time. In the same way as above, while the switching element 4B is set to "ON", a voltage corresponding to the image to be displayed is applied to each source line 21, and accordingly, between each pixel electrode 23b and the target electrode 31 in the second stage, A potential difference is generated. These operations are repeatedly used on the gate line 22C subsequent to the third paragraph ', so that a potential difference corresponding to the image to be displayed is generated between each pixel electrode 23b and the target electrode 31. Next, a general image display method in an OCB type liquid crystal display device will be described. The OCB type liquid crystal display device is irradiated with light from a backlight unit (not shown) below or on the side. Of these lights, as shown in Fig. 20, only light on the same plane of polarization as the polarization axis 921d of the polarizing plate 92d passes through the polarizing plate 92d. Then, the light (polarized light) passes through the retardation plate 91d to give the retardation plate 91d all the phase difference (about -35 nm). The light passing through the retardation plate 91d passes through the liquid crystal 5 surrounded by the image displayed by the retardation. Accordingly, the light is further added with a phase difference. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ~ · n ί ί J i tn 1 ^ > Μ ··· W * aHW ew ·· w · layer MM 矣 544649 B7 V. Description of the invention (+) Then, this light reaches the phase difference plate 91u. The retardation plate 91u has the same retardation as that of the retardation plate 91d (in the above example, it is 35 nm). The light passes through this retardation plate to further impart a retardation. Here, the “phase difference” is explained in detail. As shown in FIG. 20, the polarized light L composed of a sine wave passing through a polarizing plate 92d (having a predetermined polarization axis 921d) can be decomposed into two crossed sine wave components. Lx, Ly. As shown in FIG. 20 (a), if the long axis LQLS. Of the liquid crystal 5 (strictly, the liquid crystal molecules 51) is parallel to the axis y where the polarized light L advances, the component Lx advances the distance D1 inside the liquid crystal 5. (The part shown by the thick line in FIG. 20) is the same as the distance D2 that the component Ly advances inside the liquid crystal 5 (the part shown by the thick line in FIG. 20). Therefore, the components Lx and Ly are emitted simultaneously by the liquid crystal 5, so that no phase difference occurs. On the other hand, if the long axis LQLS of the liquid crystal 5 (strictly, the liquid crystal molecules 51) is perpendicular to the axis y where the polarized light L advances (in FIG. 20 (b), the component Lx is parallel to the long axis LQLS.) Then, the distance D1 that the component Lx travels inside the liquid crystal 5 is longer than the distance D2 that the component Ly travels inside the liquid crystal 5, so the component Lx from the liquid crystal 5 is slower than the component Ly. Therefore, the sine wave component Lx is shifted to a position that is behind the sine wave component Ly (on the left side in FIG. 12 (b)). This offset is the "phase difference". As described above, the liquid crystal is modulated according to the image to be displayed to have a predetermined phase difference. For example, when displaying white, the liquid crystal 5 has a phase difference of about 345 nm, and when displaying black, the liquid crystal 5 has a phase difference of about 70 nm. When the display is black, the phase difference received by the phase difference plate 91 and the liquid crystal 5 is 0 (=-35 + 70-35), that is, there is no phase difference. On the other hand, (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) · ϋ -ϋ nlnn-I nn I ai a— n ϋ I niin ϋ! 1 n · 1 II— na— m flu —.1 an i — I— n * »1— i 1 In This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) A7 544649 _______B7 _ 5. Description of the invention (<) The phase difference plate 91 and the liquid crystal 5 The received phase difference is 245nm (=-35 + 345-35) in the above example. Since the polarizing axis of the polarizing plate 92d and the polarizing axis of the polarizing plate 92m are orthogonal to each other, the light reaching the polarizing plate 92m without passing through the retardation plate 91u cannot pass through the polarizing plate 92u. Therefore, it becomes "display black". In more detail, as shown in FIG. 20 (a), when the phase difference between the sine wave components Lx and Ly is 0, the polarizing surface of the polarized light L synthesized by the sine wave components Lx and Ly is related to the polarizing plate. The polarizing axis 92d of 92d is parallel, so it is orthogonal to the polarizing axis 921u of the polarizing plate 92u. Therefore, this light cannot pass through the polarizing plate 92u, and becomes "display black". On the other hand, when the display is white, the phase difference received by the retardation plate 91 and the liquid crystal 5 is 245 nm (=-35 + 345-35) in the above example. When the phase difference between the sine wave components Lx and Ly is 245 nm, the polarization plane of the polarized light L synthesized by the sine wave components Lx and Ly is parallel to the polarization axis 92lu of the polarizing plate 92u. Therefore, since this light passes through the polarizing plate 92u, it becomes "display white". In the above description, the phase difference is 245 nm, but the phase difference necessary for displaying white is appropriately selected by the operator. Fig. 21 is a graph showing the luminance-voltage characteristics of the liquid crystal 5 in a general OCB mode. If the voltage is increased, the phase difference of the polarized light applied to the liquid crystal 5 will decrease, so the brightness will decrease, and the display will eventually become "display black." If the voltage is lowered ', the phase difference of the polarized light applied to the liquid crystal 5 will increase, so the brightness will increase' and finally it will become "display white". In this way, the brightness of the image to be displayed is adjusted at each pixel electrode. The light thus adjusted for brightness will eventually pass through the color filter 32. As shown in Figure 22, in a normal liquid crystal display device, the horizontal direction is red (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

〜7’氏張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 A7 --— _B7___ 五、發明說明（k ) (R)、綠色(G)、以及藍色(B)之三色之濾色片，其分別對應一個像素電極23般地重疊而構成一個像素。依據光之三原色，對應紅色之濾色片之像素、對應綠色之濾色片之像素、以及封應藍色之爐色片之像素之二個像素’構成一個點。有此，RGB三個像素所構成之一個點，其以既定之數目，分別設置在前側•內側方向、以及左右方向。例如，在前側•內側方向有768點，而在左右方向有1076個點之液晶 .顯示裝置，其有1076 X 768 X 3個(約250萬個）之像素電極 23。當然，亦存在有在縱方向以RGB三個像素所並列形成之1個點所構成之液晶顯示裝置。 OCB模式之液晶5，如圖23(a)所示，在非顯示狀態時爲無規定向狀態。此無規定向狀態並不適合於影像之顯示。因此，在顯示影像前，會藉由設置在陣列基板2上之像素電極以及設置在對向基板3所設置之對向電極31，來對液晶5施加高電壓，執行對OCB模式液晶5之必須之「初始化」。藉由此初始化’ OCB模式之液晶5，如圖23(b)所示，會轉移成爲曲定向狀態。接著，在此曲定向狀態中，藉由對各像素電極23與對向電極31之間產生之電位差來產生相位差，來顯示影像。初始化之一方法，記載在特開平10-206822號公報中。此公報，如圖24所示，係掲示使各像素電極23之電壓 Vs —定，另一方面，使對向電極31之電壓Vcom產生如矩形脈衝之變化，來進行初始化。藉由上述公報記載之初始化，夾在陣列基板2與對向 flu n an n m m Ha ·ϋ ·ϋ n in a n Hi n n ^1.1 n n 一 ον I I m HI 11 I n n I flu (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 B7 五、發明說明（1 ) 基板3間之所有液晶5，因爲矩形脈衝波而產生電位差。其原因爲，因各像素電極23之電壓Vs —定，且對向電極 31皆層積在對向基板本體之幾乎同一面。因此’若依照此公報記載之初始化，則如圖25所示’只有在對於液晶5之厚度方向產生電位差。在液晶5之左右方向以及前側•內側方向都沒有產生電位差。也就是說，上述公報中，〇CB 型液晶顯示裝置之初始化，並沒有任何關於液晶5之左右 .方向以及前側•內側方向之電位差之記載。在 PCT/WOOO/14597號公報、特開2001-83552號公報中，亦相同。 [發明欲解決之課題] 本案發明人，發現僅使液晶5於其厚度方向產生電位差，有時是無法充分進行轉移的。於是，爲了解決上述課題，本發明之第1群之液晶顯示裝置，其特徵在於，具備：陣列基板，其具有排列於前側•內側方向及左右任一方向且配置成矩陣狀之複數個像素電極，相互交叉之複數條源極線及複數條閘極線，設於前述前述各像素電極、具有連接於前述閘極線之閘極與連接於前述源極線之源極與連接於前述像素電極之汲極，且具有根據透過前述閘極線輸入前述閘極之驅動信號而在前述源電極與前述汲電極之間進行切換之切換元件；對向基板，其具有與前述陣列基板對向之對向電極； __9__ 拿、紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) • a n Hi t— --I n I n 一OJt n n i_i ·ϋ n n n I I ·1Η— n n 544649 A7 ___B7____ 五、發明說明（$ ) 液晶，係塡充在前述陣列基板與前述對向基板之間且顯示狀態之定向狀態與非顯示狀態時之定向狀態不同’於顯示影像前，需進行由非顯示狀態之定向狀態到顯示狀態之定向狀態的初始化；以及驅動機構，係藉由將輸入前側•內側方向之兩相鄰之前述像素電極之電壓極性加以反轉來進行前述初始化° 驅動機構，雖然以輸入左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極β .電壓極性爲相反之方式，對前述像素電極施加1電壓者較佳，但驅動機構，亦可以輸入左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極之電壓極性爲相同之方式，對前述像素電極施加電壓° 驅動機構，其在對像素電極施加電壓時’最好胃#業寸對向電極施加一定電壓。驅動機構，亦可設定爲在對像素電極開始施加電壓後，始開始對對向電極施加既定之電壓, 。此時，具體來說，驅動機構最好是在對像素電極開始施加電壓後，經50微秒前，開始對對向電極施加既定之電壓。在前側•內側方向相連接之兩個像素電極中’在內側方向之像素電極之前面側邊緣，設有第1突起部’且在前側·內側方向相連接之兩個像素電極中，在前面之像素電極之內側方向側邊緣，設有第2突起部者較佳。第1突起部之前端，最好是較第2突起部之則端配置在更前面之地方。最好是有兩個第1突起部，在兩個第1突起部之間’ 配置第2突起部，而有複數個第1突起部與第2突起部’ 在相鄰兩個第1突起部之間夾有一個第2突起部則更佳。 --^__ίο____ ----- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂------- ——線I.-------------------- 544649 A7 -------B7_— ___ 五、發明說明（C)) 此外，用來解決上述課題之第1群之本發明之另一液晶顯示裝置，其特徵在於，具備：陣列基板，其具有排列於前側•內側方向及左右任一方向且配置成矩陣狀之複數個像素電極，相互交叉之複數條源極線及複數條閘極線，設於前述前述各像素電極、具有連接於前述閘極線之閘極與連接於前述源極線之源極與連接於前述像素電極之汲極，且具有根據透過前述閘極線 .輸入前述聞極之驅動信號而在前述源電極與前述汲電極之間進行切換之切換元件；對向基板，其具有與前述陣列基板對向之對向電極；液晶，係塡充在前述陣列基板與前述對向基板之間且顯示狀態時之定向狀態與非顯示狀態時之定向狀態不同，於顯示影像前，需進行由非顯示狀態之定向狀態到顯示狀態之定向狀態的初始化；以及驅動機構，係藉由將輸入左右方向之兩相鄰之前述像素電極之電壓極性加以反轉來進行前述初始化。驅動機構，雖然以輸入左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極之電壓極性爲相反之方式，對前述像素電極施加電壓者較佳 ’但驅動機構，亦可以輸入左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極之電壓極性爲相同之方式，對前述像素電極施加電壓。驅動機構，其在對像素電極施加電壓時，最好是能對對向電極施加一定電壓。驅動機構，亦可設定爲在對像素電極開始施加電壓後，始開始對對向電極施加既定之電壓。此時，具體來說’驅動機構最好是在對像素電極開始施 ______ 11___ 幸、纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Άν---- ^--------1 I .Awl I--------------------- A7 B7 544649 五、發明說明（\〇 ) 加電壓後，經50微秒前，開始對對向電極施加既定之電壓。在左右方向相鄰之兩個像素電極中，位於左側之像素電極之右側邊緣設置第3突起部’且在左右相鄰之兩個像素電極中，位於右側之像素電極之左側邊緣設置第4突起部者較佳。第3突起部之前端，最好是較第4突起部之前端配置在更右邊的地方。最好是有兩個第3突起部，在兩個第3突起部之間，配置第4突起部。最好是有複數個第3突起部與第4突起部，在相鄰之兩個第3突起部之間夾有一個第4突起部。作爲此種液晶顯示裝置之液晶’例如有〇CB模式液晶。爲解決上述課題，本發明之第2群之液晶顯示裝置，具有：陣列基板，其具有排列於則側•內側方向及左右任一方向且配置成矩陣狀之複數個像素電極，相互交叉之複數條源極線及複數條閘極線，設於前述前述各像素電極、具有連接於前述聞極線之聞極與連接於前述源極線之源極與連接於前述像素電極之汲極，且具有根據透過前述閘極線輸入前述閘極之驅動信號而在前述源電極與前述汲電極之間進行切換之切換元件，俯視與像素電極重疊的共用電極線，以及俯視自共用電極線突出且至少其一部分未與像素電極重疊的突出電極；對向基板，其具有與前述陣列基板對向之對向電極； 12 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂· — 線丨· 衣紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 X 297公楚） 544649 A7 B7 五、發明說明（丨\ ) 液晶，係塡充在前述陣列基板與前述對向基板之間且絲頁不狀態時之疋向狀％與非顯不狀態時之定向狀態不同，於顯示影像前，需進行由非顯示狀態之定向狀態到顯示狀態之定向狀態的初始化。此本發明第2群之液晶顯示裝置，以具有驅動機構者較佳’以先在源極線與共用電極線之間產生電位差後，於像素電極與對向電極之間產生電位差。又，最好是在源極線與共用電極線之間產生電位差時 ’亦分別在共用電極線與對向電極之間產生電位差。又，俯視下，突出電極最好是具有凹部，而源極線具有與此凹部相嵌合之凸部。又，俯視下，突出電極最好是具有凹部胃有與此凹部相嵌合之凸部。又，俯視下，突出電極最好是具有凸部有與此凸部相嵌合之凹部。又，俯視下，突出電極最好是具有凸部胃有與此凸部相嵌合之凹部。又，俯視下，與突出電極重疊之部分最好是不向電極。 & , 本發明之特徵、以及優點，在參考所附圖式，自下較佳實施形態之詳細說明下，將更爲淸楚。 & [_式之簡單說明] 圖1，係顯示本發明實施形態1-1之液晶顯希裝資中而像素電極而源極線具而像素電極 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ϋ :· n —1 n n 一 ον a I n I In i n n I n n I _ 、張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 29：|3公釐） A7 544649 ____B7__ 五、發明說明（I X ) ，將施加於源極線、閘極線、以及對向電極之電壓當作縱軸，將時間當作橫軸之〇CB型液晶顯示裝置，顯示其在初始化時之驅動波形的圖。圖2,係顯示本發明實施形態1-1之液晶顯示裝置中，對配置成矩陣狀之像素電極所施加之電壓極性的圖。圖3，係顯示本發明實施形態1-1中，在液晶內產生其長軸分別朝向不同方向之液晶分子，而發生不安定之「擾亂」狀態的圖。圖4，係本發明實施形態1之液晶顯示裝置的俯視圖。圖5，係本發明實施形態1-1之液晶顯示裝置中，將施加於像素電極以及對向電極之電壓當作縱軸，將時間當作橫軸之OCB型液晶顯示裝置，對其施以初始化時的驅動波形，以施加於對向電極31之電壓的時序爲中心來加以顯示的圖。圖6，係顯示在像素電極之端部設置前端尖銳之突部以產生橫電場之周知例的圖。圖7，係顯示本發明實施形態1-2之液晶顯示裝置中，將施加於源極線、閘極線、以及對向電極之電壓當作縱軸，將時間當作橫軸之OCB型液晶顯示裝置，對其進行初始化時之驅動波形的圖。圖8，係顯示本發明實施形態1-2之液晶顯示裝置中，對配置成矩陣狀之像素電極所施加之電壓極性的圖。圖9 ’係藏不本發明貫施形態1 - 2之另一'液晶顯示裝置中，對配置成矩陣狀之像素電極所施加之電壓極性的圖。 ---------14_____ T、成張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 χ 2犯公爱〉 ' -- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ·. 訂---------線—— 544649 A7 ________B7____ 五、發明說明（）圖10，係顯示本發明實施形態1-3之液晶顯示裝置中，將施加於源極線、閘極線、以及對向電極之電壓當作縱軸，將時間當作橫軸之OCB型液晶顯示裝置，對其進行初始化時之驅動波形的圖。圖11，係顯示本發明實施形態1-3之液晶顯示裝置中，對配置成矩陣狀之像素電極所施加之電壓極性的圖。圖12，係顯示本發明實施形態1-3中，在液晶內產生 -其長軸分別朝向不同方向之液晶分子，而發生不安定之「擾亂」狀態的圖。圖13(a)、（b)，係顯示本發明實施形態1-4之液晶顯示裝置之構成的圖，（a)爲該液晶顯示裝置之俯視圖、（¾)爲(a) 之部分擴大圖。圖14，係顯示本發明實施形態ι_4之液晶顯示裝置之變形例的俯視圖。圖15 ’係顯示本發明實施形態1-4之液晶顯示裝置之另一變形例的俯視圖。圖16 ’係顯示本發明實施形態丨_5之液晶顯示裝置的俯視圖。圖17，係顯示本發明實施形態1-6之液晶顯示裝置的俯視圖。 ' 圖18(a)、（b) ’係顯示〇CB型液晶顯示裝置的圖，（a) 爲顯示該液晶顯示裝置之一般構成的圖、（13)爲0)之擴大圖。圖19，係OCB型液晶顯示裝置之一般的剖面圖。圖20，係顯示相位差槪念的圖。本紙張尺度li?中國國家標準規格（210 Χ 29^釐） __ - (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂---------線—"41^— A7 544649 _______§z_ 五、發明說明（丨令）圖21，係顯示一般OCB模式之液晶之亮度-電壓特性的圖。 .圖22，係具有濾色片之OCB型液晶顯示裝置之一般的俯視圖。圖23(a)、（b)，係顯示液晶之定向狀態的圖，（a)爲顯示無規定向狀態之槪念圖、（b)爲顯示曲定向狀態之槪念圖。圖24 ’係顯不特開平10-206822號公報中記載之初始 .化中之驅動電壓的圖。圖25,係顯示用以定義用語「厚度方向」、「前側· 內側方向」、「左右方向」所使用之液晶顯示裝置的圖。圖26，係顯示實施形態2-1之液晶顯示裝置之構成的俯視圖。圖27，係顯示實施形態2-1之液晶顯示裝置之構成的剖面圖。圖28，係甩以說明實施形態2-1中，液晶分子之定向狀態的剖面圖。圖29，係用以說明實施形態2-1中，液晶分子之定向狀態的剖面圖。圖30，係用以說明實施形態2-1中，液晶分子之定向狀態的剖面圖。圖31，係用以說明實施形態2-1中，轉移之擴散的俯視圖。圖32，係顯示實施形態2-2之液晶顯示裝置之構成的剖面圖。 _16 ____^_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CMS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ·--------訂---------線I#—— A7 544649 ____B7__ 五、發明說明（〆）圖33，係顯7K實施形態2_3之液晶顯示裝置之構成的俯視圖。圖34，係用以說明實施形態2-3中，習知例之轉移狀態的剖面圖。圖35，係顯不貫施形態2-3中’無規定向狀態的剖面圖。圖36，係顯示實施形態2-3中，施加橫電場時之扭轉狀態之定向的剖面圖。圖37，係顯示實施形態2-3中，扭轉狀態不同之兩區域鄰接部之定向的剖面圖。圖38，係用以說明實施形態2-3中，轉移作用的剖面圖。圖3 9，係顯不貫施形態2-4之液晶顯不裝置之構成的俯視圖。圖40，係顯不貫施形態2-5之液晶顯不裝置之構成的剖面圖。圖41，係顯示實施形態2-12之液晶監視器之構成的方塊圖。圖42，係顯示實施形態2-12之具有液晶顯示裝置之電腦之構成的方塊圖。圖43，係顯示實施形態2-13之液晶電視之構成的剖面圖。圖44，係顯示相對實施形態2之習知例之液晶電視裝置之構成的剖面圖。 __________17_____ 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -· n ϋ -ϋ n I— i 一 δ、V ft ·1 n I I n I I I ϋ I— n 544649 B7 五、發明說明（A ) 圖45，係用以說明液晶分子之定向狀態的剖面圖。圖46，係顯示實施形態2-1之變形例的圖。 [元件符號說明] 1 OCB型液晶顯示裝置 2 陣列基板 3 對向基板 4 切換元件 5 OCB模式液晶 6 定向膜 20 陣列基板本體 21 源極線 22 閘極線 23 像素電極 30 ’ 對向基板本體 41 閘電極 42 源電極 43 汲電極 51 液晶分子 81 前側•內側方向之橫電場 82 左右方向之橫電場 91 相位差板 92 偏光板 18 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) '--------^.—----— II — — — — — —— — — — — — — — — — — — — — 一衣纸張尺度適闬中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 A7 _____B7____ 五、發明說明（^ ) [發明之實施形態] 以下，參照圖式說明本發明之最佳實施形態。由於一般之OCB型液晶顯示裝置已說明於上，因此以下各實施形態中，將以和上述OCB型液晶顯示裝置相異處爲中心來說明。另外，本明細書中，使用了名詞「厚度方向」、「前側·內側方向」、「左右方向」，其各個之意思，分別顯示於圖25中。又，考慮閘極線22A、B、C···之排列，圖 .25中，係使前面與內側方向相反。首先，在以下之實施形態1中，說明本發明第1群之液晶顯示裝置之最佳實施形態。 [實施形態1] [實施形態卜1] 本實施形態中，透過源電極21，將交流矩形波電壓施加於像素電極23，藉此，使像素電極23之間產生前側· 內側方向之橫電場81，據以促進初始化。圖1，係顯示本發明實施形態1-1之液晶顯示裝置中，將施加於源極線21、閘極線22、以及對向電極31之電壓當作縱軸，將時間當作橫軸之OCB型液晶顯示裝置，顯示其在初始化時之驅動波形的圖。又，圖1中，亦一倂顯示了源極線21、閘極線22、像素電極23、以及驅動機構( 驅動電路)的槪略圖。此外，爲了便於說明，其他圖中省略了驅動機構(驅動電路)之表記。首先，在第1段閘極線22A上，施加作爲驅動信號之衣紙張尺度適S中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公爱1 ' -- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) I n II ·ϋ —.ϋ ϋ— m —ϋ I ϋ ϋ— nfli m m m ϋ— n νϋ an n- n n m n ^^1 n an 544649 A7 ____ _B7____ 五、發明說明（）¾ ) 正10V之電壓，使像素電極23Aa之切換元件4Aa成爲「 ON」。藉此，源電極42與汲電極43成爲電氣連接。於源極線21a雖施加有交流矩形波電壓，但在切換元件4Aa變爲ON時，如圖1所示，於源極線21a施加正7V之電壓。因此，透過源電極42及汲電極43，自源極線21a施加正 7V之電壓於像素電極23Aa上。接著，於第1段閘極線22A上再施加負10V的電壓’ 據以使像素電極23Aa之切換元件4Aa成爲OFF狀態。切換元件4成爲ON之時間約爲20μ秒。與此同時，在第2 段閘極線22Β上施加正10V的電壓，據以使像素電極Ba 之切換元件4Ba成爲「ON」。源極線21a上，雖施加有交流矩形波電壓，但在切換元件4Ba成爲ON時，如圖1所示，源極線21a上會施加正7V之電壓。因此，透過源電極42及汲電極43，自源極線21a將正7V之電壓施加於像素電極23Ba。第3段以後之源極線22C··.，亦重複實施此步驟。藉由在所有源極線22上依序施加正10V之電壓’以上述方式，將由源極線21a來之交流矩形波電壓施加到縱一列之像素電極23a上，使得如圖2所示，在奇數行之像素電極23Aa，Ca···施加正電壓。在偶數行之像素電極 23Ba，Da...施加負電壓。此時，如圖2所示，在奇數行之像素電極23Aa，Ca·.· ，以及偶數行之像素電極23Ba，Da·.·之間’分別產生電場。此電場，因爲面向液晶顯示裝置之橫方向（嚴格來說，爲 _____20______ $纸張尺@用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297^ ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ❿ ϋ 一 I n n ·1 n -I n ϋ I I n n n n n ϋ n n n A7 544649 _____B7__ 五、發明說明（^ ) 前側•內側方向），因此，以下稱爲「橫電場」（參照符號 :81)。爲了與後述之其他橫電場區別，因此有時會嚴格地稱爲「前側•內側方向之橫電場」（參照符號：81)。以此方式產生之橫電場81，會促進液晶由無規定向到曲定向之轉移。其理由尙不明確，但如圖3所示，位於像素電極23上之液晶分子51a，當在像素電極23與對向電極31(在圖3中爲顯示)之間產生電位差時，如點線所示， _其長軸方向LQLS恰好與液晶顯示裝置之厚度方向平行般地產生。另一方面，就夾在與縱方向相鄰之像素電極23之間的液晶分子51b而言’不只是像素電極23與對向電極 31之間之電位差，因爲存在有上述電場，因此如點線所示，其長軸方向LQLS恰與箭頭印C1所示般扭轉般’而亦朝向與源極線21平行之方向。如此，當液晶5內’產生長軸 LQLS分別朝向不同方向之液晶分子51時’在該處會產生不安定之「擾亂·」狀態。若產生此不安定之「擾亂」狀態時，可視爲易於由無規定向轉移至曲定向。此外’只要在像素電極23與對向電極31之間產生電位差’於液晶5之任一處產生自無規定向到曲定向之轉移的話’無規定向到曲定向之轉移即會至該處擴散至液晶5全體。當液晶5全體變成曲定向後，即藉由對各像素電極施加對應欲顯示之影像的電壓來進行顯示。本實施形態1-1中，像素電極23，最好能與閘極線22 設置在不同層。其原因爲’本實施形態中’如上述般地，在與前側•內側方向相鄰之兩像素電極之間，產生有橫電 _ 21____ 本紙張尺度適闬中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂---------線—AW1 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544649 B7 五、發明說明（/) 場81。但是，若將像素電極23與閘極線22放置在同一層時，在與前側·內側方向相鄰之兩像素電極之間所產生之橫電場81，會受到爲了將切換元件4設爲ON、OFF，而在閘極線上所施加之電壓來的影響。因此’爲了將由施加於閘極線22上之電壓來的影響降到最低’因此最好是能在閘極線22與像素電極23之間夾一層絕緣層(未圖示）。此絕緣層一般稱爲「平坦化膜」，其由厚度爲2μιη以上3μηα 以下之樹脂構成者較佳。像素電極23，亦最好能與源極線 21設在不同之層，其理由將在實施形態1_2中描述。當在源極線22與像素電極23之間夾夾有絕緣層時，如本發明之實施形態1之液晶顯示裝置之俯視圖之圖4所示，俯視下，像素電極23之前面側側緣以及內側方向側側緣，會與閘極線22或是共用容量線25重疊(在圖示中爲與閘極線 22重疊）。此外，如圖4所示，當將像素電極23與閘極線 22以及源極線21設在不同層時，在俯視下，像素電極23 之左側以及右側之側緣，會與源極線21重疊。如圖1所示，當藉由源極線21來將交流矩形波電壓施加到像素電極23時，最好也能將電壓施加到對向電極31 上，來使得像素電極23與對向電極31之間之電位差變大。電壓値最好爲8V以上30V以下。根據在像素電極23與對向電極31之間產生如此之電位差，因爲在厚度方向之電位差變大，因此可以促進無規定向到曲定向之轉移。若像素電極23與對向電極31之間的電位差未滿8V 時’會產生難以促進無規定向到曲定向之轉移的情形。反 _____22___ ~t、纸張尺度適闬中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（2丨〇 χ 297公$ ' ---------------------訂---------—AWI (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544649 A7 ______B7__ 五、發明說明（y\ ) 之，若將此電位差設爲30V以上，則由液晶顯示裝置本身之設計觀點來說，會有很多困難。電位差以20V以上25V 以下者較佳。此外，最好能將施加於對向電極上之電壓維持固定。本案發明人等，如圖5所示，亦提出最好在將電壓開始施加於像素電極23後，經過50微秒前，始開始將固定電壓施加於對向電極32上等之看法。換言之，當在將電壓開始施加於像素電極23後，在經過50微秒之後，才開始將固定電壓施加於對向電極32時，會發現液晶分子51會很難由無規定向轉移到曲定向。最好是同時將電壓施加於像素電極23以及對向電極31。以下將詳述其理由。在開啓液晶顯示裝置之電源的瞬間，由於可能會如圖 5所示有電壓雜訊27進入，因此一般來說，在開始將電壓施加於像素電極12前之一定期間內，會將所有像素電極之電壓設爲0V。此期間稱爲「重設期間」（參考符號：28)。~ 7 'scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 544649 A7 --- _B7___ V. Description of the invention (k) (R), green (G), and blue (B) The three-color color filters each correspond to one pixel electrode 23 and overlap to form one pixel. According to the three primary colors of light, a pixel corresponding to a red color filter, a pixel corresponding to a green color filter, and a pixel corresponding to a blue furnace color filter 'constitute a point. For this reason, one point made up of three RGB pixels is set in a predetermined number in the front-inside direction and the left-right direction, respectively. For example, a liquid crystal display device having 768 dots in the front-inside direction and 1076 dots in the left-right direction has 1076 × 768 × 3 (about 2.5 million) pixel electrodes 23. Of course, there is also a liquid crystal display device composed of one dot formed by three RGB pixels in parallel in the vertical direction. As shown in FIG. 23 (a), the liquid crystal 5 in the OCB mode is an unregulated state in a non-display state. This no-orientation state is not suitable for image display. Therefore, before displaying an image, a pixel electrode provided on the array substrate 2 and a counter electrode 31 provided on the counter substrate 3 are used to apply a high voltage to the liquid crystal 5 and perform the requirements for the OCB mode liquid crystal 5 "Initialization". As a result, the liquid crystal 5 in the OCB mode is initialized, as shown in Fig. 23 (b). Next, in this curved orientation state, a phase difference is generated by a potential difference between each pixel electrode 23 and the opposite electrode 31 to display an image. One method of initialization is described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-206822. This publication, as shown in FIG. 24, shows that the voltage Vs of each pixel electrode 23 is constant, and on the other hand, the voltage Vcom of the counter electrode 31 is changed as a rectangular pulse to perform initialization. With the initialization described in the above publication, sandwich the array substrate 2 and the opposite flu n an nmm Ha · ϋ · ϋ n in an Hi nn ^ 1.1 nn a ον II m HI 11 I nn I flu (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page again) The size of the paper is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 544649 B7 V. Description of the invention (1) All liquid crystals 5 between the substrate 3 have potential differences due to rectangular pulse waves. This is because the voltage Vs of each pixel electrode 23 is constant, and the opposing electrodes 31 are laminated on almost the same surface of the opposing substrate body. Therefore, if the initialization described in this publication is performed, as shown in FIG. 25, a potential difference occurs only in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal 5. There is no potential difference between the left-right direction of the liquid crystal 5 and the front-side direction. In other words, in the above-mentioned publication, the initialization of the OCB type liquid crystal display device does not contain any information about the potential difference between the left and right directions of the liquid crystal 5 and the front and inner directions. The same applies to PCT / WOOO / 14597 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-83552. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] The inventors of the present invention have found that the transfer of the liquid crystal 5 may not be performed sufficiently only by causing a potential difference in the thickness direction of the liquid crystal 5. Therefore, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the liquid crystal display device of the first group of the present invention includes: an array substrate having a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix in a front-inside direction and a left-right direction, and arranged in a matrix. A plurality of source lines and a plurality of gate lines crossing each other are provided at the aforementioned pixel electrodes, and have a gate connected to the aforementioned gate line, a source connected to the aforementioned source line, and connected to the aforementioned pixel electrode. A drain electrode having a switching element that switches between the source electrode and the drain electrode according to a driving signal input to the gate electrode through the gate line; an opposite substrate having a pair opposite to the array substrate Orientation electrode; __9__ Take, paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) • an Hi t— --I n I n—OJt nn i_i · ϋ nnn II · 1Η— nn 544649 A7 ___B7____ V. Description of the Invention ($) Liquid crystal, which is filled between the aforementioned array substrate and the aforementioned opposing substrate and the display status is determined. The orientation state is different from the non-display state. 'Before the image is displayed, the initialization state from the non-display state to the display state needs to be initialized; and the driving mechanism is to input two The voltage polarity of the adjacent pixel electrode is reversed to perform the initialization. The driving mechanism is to input two pixel electrodes β adjacent to each other in the left and right directions. The voltage polarity is opposite. It is better to apply 1 voltage to the pixel electrode. However, the driving mechanism can also input the voltage polarities of two adjacent pixel electrodes in the left and right directions in the same manner, and apply a voltage to the aforementioned pixel electrode. The driving mechanism, when applying voltage to the pixel electrode, '最好 stomach # 业寸对Apply a certain voltage to the electrodes. The driving mechanism may be set to start to apply a predetermined voltage to the counter electrode after a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode. At this time, specifically, it is preferable that the driving mechanism starts to apply a predetermined voltage to the counter electrode 50 microseconds after the voltage is applied to the pixel electrode. Among the two pixel electrodes connected in the front-inside direction, 'the first protrusion is provided on the edge of the front side of the pixel electrode in the inner-side direction' and the two pixel electrodes connected in the front-inside direction are in the front-side direction. It is preferable that the pixel electrode is provided with a second protruding portion on the inner side edge. It is preferable that the front end of the first projection is positioned more forward than the end of the second projection. Preferably, there are two first protrusions, and the second protrusions are disposed between the two first protrusions, and the plurality of first protrusions and the second protrusions are adjacent to the two first protrusions. It is more preferable to sandwich a second protrusion therebetween. -^ __ ίο ____ ----- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order ------- ——Line I .-------------------- 544649 A7 ------- B7_— ___ V. Description of Invention (C)) In addition, it is used to solve Another liquid crystal display device of the present invention, which is the first group of the above-mentioned subject, is characterized by comprising: an array substrate having a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix in a front-inside direction and a left-right direction and in a left-right direction; A plurality of crossed source lines and a plurality of gate lines are provided on each of the aforementioned pixel electrodes, and have a gate connected to the aforementioned gate line, a source connected to the aforementioned source line, and a drain connected to the aforementioned pixel electrode. And a switching element that switches between the source electrode and the drain electrode according to a driving signal input through the gate line through the gate electrode; an opposite substrate having an opposite direction to the array substrate Electrodes; liquid crystals, which are filled between the array substrate and the opposite substrate in a display state The orientation state is different from the orientation state in the non-display state. Before the image is displayed, the initialization state from the orientation state of the non-display state to the display state needs to be initialized. The voltage polarity of the pixel electrode is inverted to perform the initialization. Although the driving mechanism inputs the voltage polarities of two adjacent pixel electrodes adjacent to each other in the opposite direction, it is better to apply a voltage to the pixel electrodes, but the driving mechanism may also input the voltage polarities of two adjacent pixel electrodes adjacent to the left and right directions. In the same manner, a voltage is applied to the aforementioned pixel electrode. The driving mechanism is preferably capable of applying a certain voltage to the counter electrode when a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode. The driving mechanism may be set to start to apply a predetermined voltage to the counter electrode after a voltage is applied to the pixel electrode. At this time, specifically, the 'driving mechanism is best to start the pixel electrode ______ 11___ Fortunately, the paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back first) (Fill in this page again) Άν ---- ^ -------- 1 I .Awl I --------------------- A7 B7 544649 V. Description of the Invention (\ 〇) After applying a voltage, 50 microseconds ago, a predetermined voltage was applied to the counter electrode. Among the two adjacent pixel electrodes in the left-right direction, a third protrusion is provided on the right edge of the left-side pixel electrode, and in the left-right adjacent two pixel electrodes, a fourth protrusion is provided on the left-side edge of the pixel electrode on the right. The part is better. It is preferable that the front end of the third projection is positioned further to the right than the front end of the fourth projection. Preferably, there are two third protrusions, and a fourth protrusion is arranged between the two third protrusions. Preferably, there are a plurality of third protrusions and a fourth protrusion, and a fourth protrusion is sandwiched between two adjacent third protrusions. As the liquid crystal of such a liquid crystal display device, there is, for example, a 0CB mode liquid crystal. In order to solve the above problems, a liquid crystal display device according to a second group of the present invention includes: an array substrate having a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix in a side-to-inside direction and a left-right direction, and a plurality of pixel electrodes crossing each other. A source line and a plurality of gate lines are provided on each of the aforementioned pixel electrodes, and have a source connected to the aforementioned smell line, a source connected to the aforementioned source line, and a drain connected to the aforementioned pixel electrode, and A switching element for switching between the source electrode and the drain electrode according to a driving signal input to the gate electrode through the gate line, a common electrode line overlapping the pixel electrode in a plan view, and a projection protruding from the common electrode line and at least a plan view A protruding electrode whose part does not overlap with the pixel electrode; The counter substrate has a counter electrode opposite to the aforementioned array substrate; 12 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order · — Line 丨 · Clothing paper Standards are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (21〇X 297 Gongchu) 544649 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (丨 \) Liquid crystal, which is filled in the foregoing The orientation state between the array substrate and the aforementioned opposing substrate and when the silk page is not in state is different from the orientation state in the non-display state. Before displaying the image, it is necessary to perform the orientation from the non-display state to the display state. Initialization of the state. In the liquid crystal display device according to the second group of the present invention, it is preferred that the liquid crystal display device has a driving mechanism to generate a potential difference between the source electrode and the common electrode line, and then generate a potential difference between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode. When a potential difference is generated between the source line and the common electrode line, it is also preferable that a potential difference be generated between the common electrode line and the counter electrode, respectively. Further, in plan view, it is preferable that the protruding electrode has a concave portion, and the source line has a convex portion fitted into the concave portion. In addition, it is preferable that the protruding electrode has a concave portion in plan view, and a convex portion fitted to the concave portion in the stomach. Further, it is preferable that the protruding electrode has a convex portion and a concave portion fitted into the convex portion in plan view. Further, it is preferable that the protruding electrode has a convex portion and a concave portion fitted to the convex portion in the stomach in plan view. In addition, it is preferable that the portion overlapping the protruding electrode is not directed to the electrode in a plan view. & The features and advantages of the present invention will be even better with reference to the attached drawings and detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. & [Simple description of _ formula] FIG. 1 shows the liquid crystal display device of the embodiment 1-1 of the present invention, and the pixel electrode and the source line are the pixel electrode (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) ϋ: · n —1 nn aον a I n I In inn I nn I _, Zhang scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 29: | 3 mm) A7 544649 ____B7__ 5. Description of the invention (IX), the voltage applied to the source line, the gate line, and the counter electrode is taken as the vertical axis, and time is taken as the horizontal axis of the 0CB type liquid crystal display device, which shows the driving waveforms during initialization . FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a polarity of a voltage applied to pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix in a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1-1 of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a view showing that in the liquid crystal of Embodiment 1-1 of the present invention, liquid crystal molecules whose major axes are respectively oriented in different directions are generated in the liquid crystal, and an unstable "disturbance" state occurs. FIG. 4 is a plan view of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows an OCB type liquid crystal display device in which a voltage applied to a pixel electrode and a counter electrode is taken as a vertical axis and time is taken as a horizontal axis in a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1-1 of the present invention. The driving waveform at the time of initialization is a graph showing the timing of the voltage applied to the counter electrode 31 as the center. Fig. 6 is a diagram showing a well-known example in which a sharpened tip is provided at an end portion of a pixel electrode to generate a transverse electric field. FIG. 7 shows an OCB type liquid crystal in which a voltage applied to a source line, a gate line, and a counter electrode is taken as a vertical axis, and time is taken as a horizontal axis in a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1-2 of the present invention A diagram showing a driving waveform when the device is initialized. FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a polarity of a voltage applied to pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix in a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiments 1-2 of the present invention. Fig. 9 'is a diagram showing the polarity of voltage applied to pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix in another' liquid crystal display device according to Embodiments 1-2 of the present invention. --------- 14_____ T, the scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇χ 2 committing public love) '-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) · Order --------- line—— 544649 A7 ________B7____ 5. Description of the invention () Figure 10 shows the liquid crystal display device according to the embodiment 1-3 of the present invention, which will be applied to the source line and the gate FIG. 11 is a diagram showing driving waveforms of an OCB-type liquid crystal display device in which the voltage of a line and a counter electrode are taken as a vertical axis and time is taken as a horizontal axis when initializing. FIG. 12 is a diagram showing the polarity of voltage applied to pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix in a liquid crystal display device. FIG. 12 shows liquid crystal molecules generated in a liquid crystal in Embodiments 1-3 of the present invention-the long axis of which is directed in different directions. Fig. 13 (a) and (b) are diagrams showing the structure of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention, and (a) is a diagram of the liquid crystal display device. The top view, (¾) is an enlarged view of part (a). Fig. 14 shows an embodiment of the present invention. Ι_4 A plan view of a modified example of a liquid crystal display device. Fig. 15 'is a plan view showing another modified example of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiments 1-4 of the present invention. Fig. 16' is a view of a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention Top view. Fig. 17 is a plan view showing a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiments 1-6 of the present invention. Figs. 18 (a) and (b) are views showing a 0CB liquid crystal display device, and (a) is a view showing the liquid crystal. A diagram of a general configuration of a display device, (13) is an enlarged diagram of 0). FIG. 19 is a general cross-sectional view of an OCB type liquid crystal display device. FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a phase difference concept. Dimensions of this paper? Chinese National Standard Specification (210 × 29 ^ cent) __-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Order --------- line— " 41 ^ — A7 544649 _______ §z_ V. Description of the Invention (Order) Figure 21 is a graph showing the brightness-voltage characteristics of a liquid crystal in a general OCB mode. Fig. 22 is a general plan view of an OCB type liquid crystal display device having a color filter. Figs. 23 (a) and (b) are diagrams showing the alignment state of the liquid crystal, (a) is a diagram showing an orientation state without regulation, and (b) is a diagram showing a orientation state of a curved line. Fig. 24 'is a graph of driving voltages during initialization described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-206822. Fig. 25 is a diagram showing a liquid crystal display device used to define the terms "thickness direction", "front side and inside direction", and "left and right direction". Fig. 26 is a plan view showing the structure of a liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 2-1. Fig. 27 is a sectional view showing the structure of a liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 2-1. Fig. 28 is a cross-sectional view illustrating the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules in Embodiment 2-1. Fig. 29 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules in Embodiment 2-1. Fig. 30 is a sectional view for explaining the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules in Embodiment 2-1. Fig. 31 is a plan view for explaining diffusion of transfer in Embodiment 2-1. Fig. 32 is a sectional view showing the structure of a liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 2-2. _16 ____ ^ _ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CMS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) · -------- Order ---- ----- Line I # —— A7 544649 ____B7__ V. Description of the Invention (〆) Fig. 33 is a plan view showing the structure of a liquid crystal display device of 7K embodiment 2_3. Fig. 34 is a sectional view for explaining a transition state of a conventional example in Embodiment 2-3. Fig. 35 is a cross-sectional view showing the state of 'unspecified orientation' in the inconsistent embodiment 2-3. Fig. 36 is a sectional view showing the orientation of the twisted state when a transverse electric field is applied in Embodiment 2-3. Fig. 37 is a cross-sectional view showing the orientation of adjacent portions of two regions having different torsional states in Embodiment 2-3. Fig. 38 is a cross-sectional view for explaining the transfer action in Embodiment 2-3. Fig. 39 is a plan view showing the structure of the liquid crystal display device in the display mode 2-4. Fig. 40 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of a liquid crystal display device of the display inconsistent mode 2-5. Fig. 41 is a block diagram showing the structure of a liquid crystal monitor of Embodiment 2-12. Fig. 42 is a block diagram showing the structure of a computer having a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2-12. Fig. 43 is a sectional view showing the structure of a liquid crystal television of Embodiment 2-13. Fig. 44 is a sectional view showing the structure of a liquid crystal television device according to a conventional example of the second embodiment. __________17_____ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page)-· n ϋ -ϋ n I— i aδ, V ft · 1 n II n III ϋ I—n 544649 B7 V. Description of the invention (A) FIG. 45 is a sectional view for explaining the alignment state of liquid crystal molecules. Fig. 46 is a diagram showing a modification of the embodiment 2-1. [Description of Element Symbols] 1 OCB type liquid crystal display device 2 Array substrate 3 Opposite substrate 4 Switching element 5 OCB mode liquid crystal 6 Alignment film 20 Array substrate body 21 Source line 22 Gate line 23 Pixel electrode 30 'Opposite substrate body 41 Gate electrode 42 Source electrode 43 Drain electrode 51 Liquid crystal molecules 81 Horizontal electric field in front and inner direction 82 Horizontal electric field in left and right direction 91 Phase difference plate 92 Polarizing plate 18 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) '--- ----- ^ .—----— II — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — — Yiyi paper size is suitable for China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications ( 210 X 297 mm) 544649 A7 _____B7____ 5. Description of the Invention (^) [Inventive Embodiment] Hereinafter, the best embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Since the general OCB type liquid crystal display device has been described above, in the following embodiments, the description will be centered on the differences from the above OCB type liquid crystal display device. In this manual, the terms "thickness direction", "front side and inside direction", and "left and right direction" are used, and their meanings are shown in Fig. 25, respectively. Considering the arrangement of the gate lines 22A, B, and C, in Fig. 25, the front side and the inner side are opposite to each other. First, in the first embodiment below, a preferred embodiment of the liquid crystal display device according to the first group of the present invention will be described. [Embodiment 1] [Embodiment 1] In this embodiment, an AC rectangular wave voltage is applied to the pixel electrodes 23 through the source electrode 21, thereby generating a transverse electric field 81 in the front and inner directions between the pixel electrodes 23. To facilitate initialization. FIG. 1 shows a liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 1-1 of the present invention. The voltage applied to the source line 21, the gate line 22, and the counter electrode 31 is taken as the vertical axis, and time is taken as the horizontal axis. The OCB type liquid crystal display device displays a graph of its driving waveforms during initialization. In FIG. 1, schematic diagrams of the source line 21, the gate line 22, the pixel electrode 23, and the driving mechanism (driving circuit) are also shown. In addition, for convenience of explanation, the reference numerals of the driving mechanism (driving circuit) are omitted in other figures. First of all, on the first gate line 22A, the paper used as the driving signal is applied in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 x 297 public love 1 '-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling (This page) I n II · ϋ —.ϋ ϋ— m —ϋ I ϋ ϋ— nfli mmm ϋ— n νϋ an n- nnmn ^^ 1 n an 544649 A7 ____ _B7____ V. Description of the invention () ¾) of 10V The voltage causes the switching element 4Aa of the pixel electrode 23Aa to be turned "ON". Thereby, the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43 are electrically connected. Although an AC rectangular wave voltage is applied to the source line 21a, when the switching element 4Aa is turned ON, as shown in FIG. 1, a positive voltage of 7V is applied to the source line 21a. Therefore, a positive voltage of 7V is applied from the source line 21a to the pixel electrode 23Aa through the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43. Next, a voltage of minus 10V is applied to the gate line 22A of the first stage, so that the switching element 4Aa of the pixel electrode 23Aa is turned off. The time during which the switching element 4 is turned on is about 20 µs. At the same time, a positive voltage of 10 V is applied to the second-stage gate line 22B, so that the switching element 4Ba of the pixel electrode Ba is turned "ON". Although an AC rectangular wave voltage is applied to the source line 21a, when the switching element 4Ba is turned on, as shown in FIG. 1, a positive voltage of 7V is applied to the source line 21a. Therefore, a positive voltage of 7 V is applied from the source line 21a to the pixel electrode 23Ba through the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43. This step is repeated for the source line 22C ··. After the third paragraph. By sequentially applying a positive voltage of 10V on all the source lines 22 ', the AC rectangular wave voltage from the source lines 21a is applied to the pixel electrodes 23a in a vertical row in the manner described above, as shown in FIG. The pixel electrodes 23Aa in the odd-numbered rows, Ca ... apply a positive voltage. A negative voltage is applied to the pixel electrodes 23Ba, Da ... in the even-numbered rows. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, an electric field is generated between the pixel electrodes 23Aa, Ca ··· in the odd rows and the pixel electrodes 23Ba, Da ··· in the even rows. This electric field is oriented in the horizontal direction of the liquid crystal display device (strictly speaking, it is _____20______ $ paper rule @ with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 x 297 ^)) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this (Page) ❿ ϋ I I nn · 1 n -I n ϋ II nnnnn ϋ nnn A7 544649 _____B7__ 5. Description of the invention (^) Front side • inside direction), therefore, it is called "transverse electric field" (reference symbol: 81). In order to distinguish it from other transverse electric fields described later, it is sometimes referred to strictly as the "transverse electric field in the front-inside direction" (Ref. 81). The transverse electric field 81 generated in this way promotes the transition of the liquid crystal from the undefined to the curved orientation. The reason for this is not clear, but as shown in FIG. 3, when the liquid crystal molecules 51a located on the pixel electrode 23 generate a potential difference between the pixel electrode 23 and the counter electrode 31 (shown in FIG. 3), such as a dotted line As shown, the long axis direction LQLS occurs just parallel to the thickness direction of the liquid crystal display device. On the other hand, as for the liquid crystal molecules 51b sandwiched between the pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to the vertical direction, 'is not only the potential difference between the pixel electrode 23 and the counter electrode 31, because the above-mentioned electric field exists, so it is like a dotted line. As shown, the long axis direction LQLS is exactly twisted as shown by the arrow mark C1, and it also faces a direction parallel to the source line 21. In this way, when the long-axis LQLSs in the liquid crystal 5 are generated with the liquid crystal molecules 51 respectively facing in different directions, an unstable "disturbance" state is generated there. If this unsettled "disrupted" state occurs, it can be regarded as easy to shift from unregulated to curved orientation. In addition, 'as long as a potential difference is generated between the pixel electrode 23 and the counter electrode 31', if there is a transition from the undefined to the curved orientation at any place of the liquid crystal 5, the transition from the undefined to the curved orientation will diffuse there To the entire liquid crystal 5. When the liquid crystal 5 is turned into a curved orientation as a whole, the display is performed by applying a voltage corresponding to the image to be displayed to each pixel electrode. In the embodiment 1-1, it is preferable that the pixel electrode 23 can be provided on a different layer from the gate line 22. The reason is that 'in this embodiment', as described above, a horizontal current is generated between two pixel electrodes adjacent to the front side and the inner side. 21____ This paper is compliant with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order --------- line—AW1 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page ) 544649 B7 V. Description of Invention (/) Field 81. However, when the pixel electrode 23 and the gate line 22 are placed on the same layer, a transverse electric field 81 generated between two pixel electrodes adjacent to the front side and the inner side is subject to the switching element 4 being turned ON, OFF, and the effect of the voltage applied to the gate line. Therefore, 'in order to minimize the influence caused by the voltage applied to the gate line 22', it is preferable that an insulating layer (not shown) be sandwiched between the gate line 22 and the pixel electrode 23. This insulating layer is generally referred to as a "flattening film", and it is preferable that the insulating layer is made of a resin having a thickness of 2 µm to 3 µηα. The pixel electrode 23 is also preferably provided in a different layer from the source line 21, and the reason will be described in Embodiment 1_2. When an insulating layer is sandwiched between the source line 22 and the pixel electrode 23, as shown in FIG. 4 of the top view of the liquid crystal display device according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the top edge of the front surface side of the pixel electrode 23 and The side edge on the inside direction overlaps the gate line 22 or the shared capacity line 25 (in the illustration, it overlaps the gate line 22). In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, when the pixel electrode 23, the gate line 22, and the source line 21 are provided on different layers, the left and right side edges of the pixel electrode 23 are connected to the source line 21 in a plan view. overlapping. As shown in FIG. 1, when an AC rectangular wave voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 23 through the source line 21, it is also preferable to apply a voltage to the counter electrode 31 to make the pixel electrode 23 and the counter electrode 31. The potential difference between them becomes large. The voltage 値 is preferably 8V to 30V. Since such a potential difference is generated between the pixel electrode 23 and the counter electrode 31, since the potential difference in the thickness direction becomes large, it is possible to promote an unregulated transition to a curved orientation. If the potential difference between the pixel electrode 23 and the counter electrode 31 is less than 8V ', it may be difficult to promote the transition from the undefined to the curved orientation. Anti_____22___ ~ t, paper size is suitable for China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨〇χ 297 公 $ '--------------------- Order ---------— AWI (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 544649 A7 ______B7__ V. Description of the invention (y \) If this potential difference is set to more than 30V, it will be displayed on the LCD From the design point of view of the device itself, there will be many difficulties. The potential difference is preferably between 20V and 25V. In addition, it is best to maintain the voltage applied to the counter electrode fixed. The inventors of this case, etc., are shown in FIG. 5 It is also suggested that it is best to start applying a fixed voltage to the counter electrode 32 after 50 microseconds have elapsed after the voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 23. In other words, when the voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 23, Later, after 50 microseconds have elapsed, when a fixed voltage is applied to the counter electrode 32, it is found that it is difficult for the liquid crystal molecules 51 to shift from an undefined orientation to a curved orientation. It is best to apply a voltage to the pixel electrode 23 at the same time And the counter electrode 31. The reason will be described in detail below. The power of the liquid crystal display device is turned on. At the moment, voltage noise 27 may enter as shown in FIG. 5, so in general, the voltage of all pixel electrodes is set to 0V within a certain period before the voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 12. During this period This is called the "reset period" (reference symbol: 28).

在經過此重設期間28後，各像素電極23，在閘極線 22成爲ON之期間自源極線21施加電壓，在閘極線22成爲OFF後’在與對向電極31之間保持該電壓。接著，對所有閘極線22依序施加驅動電壓，當對所有像素電極23 施加電壓後以對所有像素電極23施加電壓後，再次對第i 段閘極線2 2 A施加驅動電壓，使第1段切換元件4 A成爲 ON，自源極線21再度施加電壓。爲了依序對所有閘極線 22施加驅動電壓以對所有像素電極23施加電壓，約需要 16.6微秒。之後，與上述完全相同地，第1段切換元件々A ——_ 23__ 各紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） "~ ' ' ---------------------訂---------線-- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 544649 ______B7____- 五、發明說明（〆）成爲OFF，第1段切換元件4A成爲ON。此動作重複進行〇但是，若在像素電極23上長時間施加同一極性之電壓，使得液晶分子51長時間面向相同之方向而沒有改變之狀態持續時，液晶分子51將會變成無法對應電壓之變動’而有可能會產生「影像暫留」現象。因此，如圖5所示’在像素電極上施加正電位並加以保持後，再度將第1段切換元件4A設爲ON，並施加由源極線21來之電壓時’一般來說會將負電位施加於該像素電極23上。當然，如圖5中像素電極23B之電位般，將正與負交換亦相同。換言之’ 在各像素電極23中，以每16.6微秒在正與負之間作極性之交換。因爲16.6微秒X3=約50微秒，因此在將電壓開始施加於像素電極23，然後經過50微秒，然後將固定電壓開始施加於對向電極32時，在各像素電極23上依序以正、負、以及正(或者是負、正、負）之電壓施加。在此50微秒之間，當對向電極31之電壓爲0V時，在液晶分子51上，變成施加±7V之電壓。此處，就喪失了設置重設期間之意義，根據可判斷液晶分子51不易由無規定向轉至曲定向〇本實施形態1-1中，可將像素電極23之形狀作成矩形。如圖6所示，自像素電極之前端部分設置前端尖銳之突起，可產生橫電場一事雖係習知技術，但若與將該突起物設置在像素電極之情形相較，則設置如本實施形態之矩形 ____ 24_____ 大纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ----11--訂·--- •線 — -- 544649 A7 ___B7 _ 五、發明說明（八）像素電極較爲容易。此外，本實施形態1-1中，雖係將施加於源極線21之交流矩形波電壓設爲±7V，施加於閘極線22之電壓爲負10V(OFF時)及正10V(ON時），但此僅爲一例。此外，亦可在ON時於閘極線22施加負電壓，OFF 時於閘極線22施加正電壓。 [實施形態1-2] 此實施形態1-2中，不僅僅是前側•內側方向之橫電場81，亦在像素電極23之間產生左右方向之橫電場82，來促進初始化。當由定向膜6所規定之液晶分子51之定向方向與源極線21平行時，亦即液晶分子51之長軸LQLS與源極線21 平行時，只產生橫電場81並不太有效果。其原因爲，因爲在縱方向相鄰之像素電極23間所挾持之液晶份子51b之長軸LQLS在一開始即與源極線21平行，因此不會產生上述之「扭轉(箭頭印C1)」，液晶分子51a，51b會朝向相同之方向（亦即厚度方向）。此處，如圖7所示，可以將藉由奇數欄之源極線21a， c，…來輸入至各像素電極23a，c，…之交流矩形波電壓之極性，以及藉由偶數欄之源極線21b，d，…來輸入至各像素電極23b、d、…之交流矩形波電壓之極性，設爲相反。此時，首先，藉由將驅動電壓之正10V之電壓施加到第1段閘極線22A，來加第1段像素電極23Aa，Ab，Ac, …之切換元件4Aa，Ab，Ac，…設爲「ON」。在該等切換 _____________25_ 衣纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)After the reset period 28 has elapsed, each pixel electrode 23 applies a voltage from the source line 21 while the gate line 22 is turned on, and after the gate line 22 is turned off, the voltage is maintained between the pixel electrode 23 and the counter electrode 31. Voltage. Next, a driving voltage is sequentially applied to all the gate lines 22. After a voltage is applied to all the pixel electrodes 23 to apply a voltage to all the pixel electrodes 23, a driving voltage is applied to the i-th gate line 2 2 A again, so that the first The one-stage switching element 4 A is turned on, and a voltage is applied again from the source line 21. In order to apply a driving voltage to all the gate lines 22 in order to apply a voltage to all the pixel electrodes 23, it takes about 16.6 microseconds. After that, exactly the same as above, the first stage switching element 1A ——_ 23__ Each paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) " ~ '' ------- -------------- Order --------- line-- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) A7 544649 ______ B7 ____- 5. Description of the invention (〆 ) Is turned off, and the first-stage switching element 4A is turned on. This operation is repeated. However, if a voltage of the same polarity is applied to the pixel electrode 23 for a long time, so that the state in which the liquid crystal molecules 51 face the same direction for a long time without changing, the liquid crystal molecules 51 will become unable to cope with the voltage change. 'And there may be a "image persistence" phenomenon. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5 'When a positive potential is applied to the pixel electrode and held, the first-stage switching element 4A is set to ON again and a voltage from the source line 21 is applied. A potential is applied to the pixel electrode 23. Of course, as in the potential of the pixel electrode 23B in FIG. 5, the same is true for the positive and negative exchanges. In other words, in each pixel electrode 23, the polarity is exchanged between positive and negative every 16.6 microseconds. Since 16.6 microseconds X3 = about 50 microseconds, when the voltage is applied to the pixel electrode 23, then 50 microseconds pass, and then a fixed voltage is applied to the counter electrode 32, the pixel electrodes 23 are sequentially Positive, negative, and positive (or negative, positive, and negative) voltages are applied. Between these 50 microseconds, when the voltage of the counter electrode 31 is 0V, a voltage of ± 7V is applied to the liquid crystal molecules 51. Here, the meaning of the reset period is lost, and it can be judged that the liquid crystal molecules 51 are difficult to turn from the undefined direction to the curved orientation. In this embodiment 1-1, the shape of the pixel electrode 23 can be made rectangular. As shown in FIG. 6, it is a known technique to provide a sharp protrusion at the front end from the front end portion of the pixel electrode. Although it is a conventional technology, if it is compared with the case where the protrusion is provided at the pixel electrode, the arrangement is as in this embodiment. Rectangular shape ____ 24_____ The large paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ---- 11--Order ·- -• Line — 544649 A7 ___B7 _ 5. Explanation of the invention (8) The pixel electrode is easier. In addition, in this embodiment 1-1, although the AC rectangular wave voltage applied to the source line 21 is set to ± 7V, the voltage applied to the gate line 22 is negative 10V (when OFF) and positive 10V (when ON) ), But this is just one example. In addition, a negative voltage may be applied to the gate line 22 when ON, and a positive voltage may be applied to the gate line 22 when OFF. [Embodiment 1-2] In this embodiment 1-2, not only the lateral electric field 81 in the front-inside direction, but also a lateral electric field 82 in the left-right direction between the pixel electrodes 23 to facilitate initialization. When the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 51 specified by the alignment film 6 is parallel to the source line 21, that is, when the long axis LQLS of the liquid crystal molecules 51 is parallel to the source line 21, it is not effective to generate only the transverse electric field 81. The reason is that, since the long axis LQLS of the liquid crystal component 51b held between the pixel electrodes 23 adjacent in the vertical direction is parallel to the source line 21 at the beginning, the above-mentioned "twist (arrow C1)" does not occur. The liquid crystal molecules 51a, 51b will face the same direction (that is, the thickness direction). Here, as shown in FIG. 7, the polarities of the AC rectangular wave voltages through the source lines 21a, c, ... through the odd columns to the pixel electrodes 23a, c, ... and the sources through the even columns can be input. The polar lines 21b, d, ... are input to the pixel electrodes 23b, d, ... and the polarities of the AC rectangular wave voltages are reversed. At this time, firstly, a switching element 4Aa, Ab, Ac, ... of the first-stage pixel electrode 23Aa, Ab, Ac, ... is applied by applying a voltage of a positive driving voltage of 10V to the first-stage gate line 22A. "ON". In these switching _____________25_ Applicable to the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

-----1------------I IAW 544649 B7 五、發明說明（外）元件4Aa，Ab，Ac，…成爲「ON」時’如圖7所不，在源極線21a，c，…上施加正7V之電壓。因此，透過源電極42 以及汲電極43，將由源極線21a，c，…來之正7V之電壓施加到像素電極23Aa，Ac，…。另一方面，切換元件4Aa， Ab，Ac，…變爲「ON」時，如圖7所示，在源極線21b，d， …上施加負7V之電壓。因此’透過源電極42以及汲電極 43，將由源極線21b，d，…來之負7V之電壓施加到像素電極 23Ab，Ad，···。接著，藉由再度對第1段閘極線22A施加負10V之電壓，來使第1段像素電極23A之切換元件4Aa，Ab，Ac，… 成爲OFF。與此同時，藉由對第2段閘極線22B施加正 10V之電壓，來加第2段像素電極23Ba，Bb，Bc，…之切換元件4Ba，Bb，Bc，…設爲「ON」。在該等切換元件4Ba， Bb，Bc，…成爲「ON」時，如圖7所示，在源極線21a，c， …上施加負7V之電壓。因此，透過源電極42以及汲電極 43，將由源極線21a，c，…來之正7V之電壓施加到像素電極23Ba，Bc，…。另一方面，切換元件4Ba，Bb，Bc，…變爲「ON」時，如圖7所示，在源極線21b，d，…上施加正 7V之電壓。因此，透過源電極42以及汲電極43，將由源極線21b，d，…來之正7V之電壓施加到像素電極23Bb， Bd，…。藉由依序將正10V之電壓施加於所有源極線22上，如上述般地，來將由源極線21來之交流矩形波電壓施加於各像素電極23上，則如圖8所示般，第奇數行、第奇數欄 _____26_ 一- _____ 木纸張尺度適罔中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ·· 一：IOT I H ·1 n I n n ·11 I I an n n 1 1 n n _ —I— n n n -I— n ϋ ϋ n n n 544649 B7 五、發明說明（〆）之像素電極23Aa，Ca，Ac，Cc，···以及第偶數行、第偶數欄之像素電極23Bb，Db，Bd，Dd，···會被施加正之電壓，以及第偶數行、第奇數欄之像素電極23Ba，Da，Bc，Dc，…以及第奇數行、第偶數欄之像素電極23Ab, Cb，Ad，Cd，…會被施加負之電壓。如此，如圖8示般地，不只是奇數行之像素電極 23Aa，Ca，Ea，…與偶數行之像素電極23Ba，Da，Fa，…之間，在奇數欄之像素電極23Aa，Ba，Ca，Da···與偶數欄之像素電極23Ab，Bb，Cb，Db…之間亦會分別產生電場82。此電場82，因爲面向液晶顯示裝置之橫方向（嚴格地說，爲左右方向），因此，以下稱爲「橫電場82」。爲了與前述「前側•內側方向之橫電場81」作區別，因此嚴格來說，會有稱爲「左右方向之橫電場82」之情形。 .以此方式進行的話，即使由定向膜6所規定之液晶分子51之定向方向與源極線21平行，且存在於閘極線22上之液晶分子51b不受前側•內側方向之橫電場81之影響’ 亦會因爲與液晶分子51之長軸LQLS正交之左右方向之橫電場82之影響，而使得如圖12所示存在於源極線21上之液晶分子51c如箭頭C2般扭轉。因此’由於液晶5內一定會產生長軸LQLS分別朝向不同方向之液晶分子51 (存在於像素電極23上之液晶分子51a以及存在源極線上，因橫電場82而被扭轉於箭頭C2方向之液晶分子51c)，因此可以促進由無規定向到曲定向之轉移° 本實施形態1-2中，像素電極23 ’最好是與源極線21 ________27_____ 表纸張尺度適闬中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)----- 1 ------------ I IAW 544649 B7 V. Description of the invention (outside) When the elements 4Aa, Ab, Ac, ... become "ON", as shown in Figure 7, A positive voltage of 7V is applied to the source lines 21a, c,... Therefore, a positive voltage of 7V from the source lines 21a, c, ... is applied to the pixel electrodes 23Aa, Ac, ... through the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43. On the other hand, when the switching elements 4Aa, Ab, Ac, ... are turned "ON", as shown in FIG. 7, a voltage of minus 7V is applied to the source lines 21b, d, .... Therefore, a voltage of minus 7 V from the source lines 21b, d, ... is applied to the pixel electrodes 23Ab, Ad, ... through the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43. Next, by applying a negative voltage of 10 V to the gate line 22A of the first stage again, the switching elements 4Aa, Ab, Ac, ... of the first stage pixel electrode 23A are turned off. At the same time, the switching element 4Ba, Bb, Bc, ... of the second-stage pixel electrode 23Ba, Bb, Bc, ... is set to "ON" by applying a positive voltage of 10 V to the second-stage gate line 22B. When the switching elements 4Ba, Bb, Bc, ... are turned "ON", as shown in FIG. 7, a voltage of minus 7 V is applied to the source lines 21a, c, .... Therefore, a positive voltage of 7V from the source lines 21a, c, ... is applied to the pixel electrodes 23Ba, Bc, ... through the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43. On the other hand, when the switching elements 4Ba, Bb, Bc, ... are turned "ON", as shown in Fig. 7, a positive voltage of 7V is applied to the source lines 21b, d, .... Therefore, a positive voltage of 7 V from the source lines 21b, d, ... is applied to the pixel electrodes 23Bb, Bd, ... through the source electrode 42 and the drain electrode 43. By sequentially applying a positive voltage of 10V to all the source lines 22, as described above, an AC rectangular wave voltage from the source lines 21 is applied to each pixel electrode 23, as shown in FIG. 8, Odd rows and columns _____26_ I-_____ Wood and paper are suitable for China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) ·· 1: IOT IH · 1 n I nn · 11 II an nn 1 1 nn _ —I— nnn -I— n ϋ ϋ nnn 544649 B7 V. Pixel electrode 23Aa, Ca, Ac, Cc, ... And the pixel electrodes 23Bb, Db, Bd, Dd, ... in the even row and the even column will be applied with a positive voltage, and the pixel electrodes 23Ba, Da, Bc, Dc, ... in the even row and the odd column will be applied. The pixel electrodes 23Ab, Cb, Ad, Cd,... In the odd rows and the even columns are applied with a negative voltage. Thus, as shown in FIG. 8, it is not only the pixel electrodes 23Aa, Ca, Ea,... In the odd rows, and the pixel electrodes 23Ba, Da, Fa,... In the even rows, the pixel electrodes 23Aa, Ba, Ca in the odd columns. An electric field 82 will also be generated between Da,... And the pixel electrodes 23Ab, Bb, Cb, Db, ... in the even column. This electric field 82 faces the horizontal direction (strictly, the left and right direction) of the liquid crystal display device. Therefore, it is hereinafter referred to as "lateral electric field 82". In order to distinguish it from the "horizontal electric field 81 in the front-inside direction" described above, strictly speaking, it may be referred to as a "horizontal electric field 82 in the left-right direction". In this way, even if the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 51 specified by the alignment film 6 is parallel to the source line 21, and the liquid crystal molecules 51b existing on the gate line 22 are not affected by the lateral electric field 81 in the front-inside direction The effect 'will also be affected by the transverse electric field 82 in the left-right direction orthogonal to the long axis LQLS of the liquid crystal molecules 51, so that the liquid crystal molecules 51c existing on the source line 21 as shown in FIG. 12 are twisted like arrows C2. Therefore, 'the liquid crystal molecules 5 whose long axis LQLS is oriented in different directions (the liquid crystal molecules 51a existing on the pixel electrode 23 and the source lines) must be generated in the liquid crystal 5, and the liquid crystals which are twisted in the direction of the arrow C2 due to the transverse electric field 82 (Molecule 51c), so it can promote the transition from undefined to curved orientation ° In this embodiment 1-2, the pixel electrode 23 'is preferably connected to the source line 21 ________27_____ The paper size is suitable for the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)

Άν--------訂---------線 I A7 544649 __B7___ 五、發明說明（yV) 設在不同層。其原因爲’本實施形態中’如上述般’在左右方向相鄰之2像素電極23之間會產生橫電場82。然而，若像素電極23與源極線21在同一層時’在左右方向相鄰之2像素電極23之間產生之橫電場82，會受到施加於源極線21之電壓影響。因此’爲了將此由施加於源極線 21之電壓所來之影響降到最低’因此如圖4所不’與貫施形態1-1相同，最好能在源極線21與像素電極23之間’ 夾入一層絕緣層(未圖示）。另外’其他部分與實施形態相同。此外，在由定向膜6所規定之液晶分子51之定向方向與源極線21不平行時’只需要前側•內側方向之橫電場 81，就可以使得在液晶5內’產生長軸LQLS分別朝向不同方向之液晶分子51。因此，此時，如圖9所示，可以將輸入到在左右方向相鄰之2個像素電極23a，23b，23c，… 之電壓之極性設爲相同之方式’將電壓施加於像素電極23 [實施形態1-3] 此實施形態1-3中，將藉由在像素電極23之間來產生左右方向之橫電場82，來促進初始化。如上述般，當由定向膜6所規定之液晶分子51之定向方向與源極線21平行等時，有時會有不需要前側·內側方向之橫電場81之情形。此時，可以如以下般地只產生左右方向之橫電場82。 _____28_______ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂· -·線· 544649 A7 ___B7_ 五、發明說明（^ ) (請先閒讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 如圖10所示，本實施形態1-3中，係透過各源極線 21a，b，...來使輸入各像素電極23a，b，...之交流矩形波電壓之極性相同。與實施形態1-1、1-2完全相同之方式，使源極線22 以及切換元件4動作。如此，如圖11所示，第奇數段之像素電極23Aa，Ab，Ac，Ad，…與第偶數段之像素電極23Ba， Bb，Bc，Bd，…之間，分別產生左右方向之橫電場82。但是，如同在第1-1實施形態中所說明般，並沒有產生前側· 內側方向之橫電場81。如同在實施形態1-2中所說明地，藉由與液晶分子51之長軸LQLS互相正交之左右方向之橫電場82，來使得如圖12中所示存在於源極線21中之液晶分子51c，如箭頭C2般地扭轉。因此，由於在液晶5內一定會產生長軸LQLS分別朝向不同方向之液晶分子51(存在於像素電極23上之液晶分子51a以及存在源極線上，藉由橫電場82而被扭轉成如箭頭C2方向之液晶分子51c)，因此可以促進由無規定向到曲定向之轉移。此實施形態1-2 ，特別適合於由定向膜6所規定之液晶分子51之定向方向與源極線21平行之情形。又，其他部分則與實施形態1-1 相同。 [實施形態1-4] 此實施形態1-4，係藉由在前側•內側方向相鄰之2 個像素電極23之間產生前側•內側方向之橫電場81，以及在左右方向之橫電場82，來促進初始化。 ____ 29_ 一- _ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 A7 ____ B7 ____ 五、發明說明（/¾ ) 如同在實施形態1-1中詳述般地，在由定向膜6所規定之液晶分子51之定向方向與源極線21平行時’亦即液晶分子51之長軸LQLS與源極線21平行時，只產生橫電場81並不太有效果。因此，實施形態1-2中，係在左右相鄰之2像素電極23之間，使產生左右方向之橫電場82。本實施形態1-4中，藉由將像素電極23之形狀設爲既定之形狀，來使前側·內側方向相鄰之2像素電極23之間’亦產生左右方向之橫電場82。以下，詳細說明之。如圖13所示，本實施形態1-4中，2個像素電極23α， 23β在前側•內側方向相鄰。在內側方向側爲像素電極23α ，在前面側爲像素電極23β，以此位置來說明。在像素電極23α之前面端之端緣231α，延伸出有第1 突出部232α。另一方面，在像素電極23β之內側方向端之端緣233β，延伸出有第2突出部234β。接著，俯視下，第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β，都與閘極線22重疊。如此第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β互相嚙合般地，如圖2所示，若在前側•內側方向相鄰之像素電極23間施加極性不同之電壓，則如圖13所示，在第1突起部 232α與像素電極23β之間，以及在第2突起部234β與像素電極23α之間，會產生前側·內側方向之橫電場81，同時，在第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β之間會產生左右方向之橫電場82。若依此，如圖3以及圖12中所示，不再受由定向膜6 所規定之液晶分子51之定向方向所拘束，在液晶5內，分 _____30___ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) · -丨線· 544649 A7 __B7_____ 五、發明說明（> 7 ) 別產生其長軸LQLS朝向不同方向之液晶分子51。因此，如同前面所述般地，因爲產生此兩種類之液晶分子51，因此產生「擾亂」狀態，而促進由無規定向到曲定向之轉移。特別是當由定向膜6所規定之液晶分子51之定向方向與源極線21平行，且像素電極完全爲矩形時，如在實施形態 1-2中所說明般地，並不會產生「擾亂」。因此，當由定向膜6所規定之液晶分子51之定向方向與源極線21平行時，如本實施形態1-4般地，特別適合在像素電極23α、 23β上設置第1突起部232α與第2突起部23邛。若第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β太過於小，則在第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β之間會變得難產生左右方向之橫電場82。因此，如圖13所示，將第1突起部232α之前端設在比第2突起部234β之前端更前面之地方(換言之，第2突起部234β之前端比第1突起部232α之前端還要內側方向）。第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β之大小，並沒有特別地限制，舉例來說，該等突起部之寬度約爲Ιμιη以上，ΙΟμπι以下（最好是約5μπι)，突起部之間之距離也在約 1 μηι以上，10μιη以下（最好是約5 μχη)。第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β最好能一個一個分別地設置在像素電極23α、β上。然而，可在更多之地方設置來產生擾亂狀態，來促進無規定向往彎曲方向之轉移。因此，可以將兩個第1突起部232α以及一個第2突起部 234β分別設置在像素電極23α、23β，並在兩個第1突起部 ____31_____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) · In H_1 11 n n —^i 一庸 Μ·» WK * Μ··· · IBM·雇 ΜΜ . 544649 A7 ___ B7__ 五、發明說明) 232α之間設置一個第2突起部234β。更甚者，如圖13所示，可以將多數個第1突起部232α以及多數個第2突起部 234β分別設置在像素電極23α、23β上，.並將該等多數個第 1突起部232α以及多數個第2突起部234β互相如櫛齒般地嚙合。也就是說，在相鄰兩個第1突起部232α之間放置一個第2突起部234β，同時，在相鄰兩個第2突起部234β 之間，放置一個第1突起部232α。圖13中，像素電極23α之端緣231α與第1突起部 232α之間產生之角度0 1爲90° ，若在液晶5內長軸 LQLS分別朝向不同方向之兩種類之液晶分子51，其若產生「擾亂」狀態，爲足夠。因此，此角度θ 1並不限於90 。，在10°以上170°以下皆可。在未滿10°時，因爲上述兩種類之液晶分子所產生之角度過小，會有難產生擾亂狀態之現象。另一方面，若超過170° ，亦會產生同樣之問題。至於像素電極23β之端緣233β與第2突起部234β之間產生之角度0 2，與上述相同，在圖13以及圖11中爲 90° ，但是並不限於90° 。角度0 2在10°以上170°以下皆可。然而，若考慮設計之容易性，則角度0 1與角度 Θ 2皆爲90°者較佳。第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β之其他例，可以使用圖14爲例。此時，像素電極23之端緣231與凸部 236所形成之角度爲03 ’如圖14所不，左右方向之橫電場82，只有左右方向偏移了角度(9〇° — 0 3)。此構成爲，在相鄰之第2突起部234β之間放置第1突起部232α之構 _____32___ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） n n n n n a— n ϋ I n n n V · n n ϋ n n n n 一« n n n I n n I I n (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544649 A7 _____B7_ 五、發明說明（Μ ) 成，但是亦可以記爲「在像素電極23α之前面側之側緣，設置凸部236α，在像素電極23β之內側方向側之側緣，設置凹部237β，此凸部236α與凹部237β互相嚙合」。根據此構成，與上述相同的，在液晶5內一定會產生長軸 LQLS分別朝向不同方向之兩種類之液晶分子51，而產生「擾亂」狀態。因此，可以促進無規定向至曲定向之轉移。另外，如圖14所示，凸部236之前端最好是存在頂點 235。第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β之更進一步之其他例子，可以使用圖15爲例。此時，在前側•內側方向之橫電場81，亦由前側•內側方向偏移。在此圖15中，若將像素電極23之端緣231與凸部236所形稱之角度設爲0 4，如圖14所示，前側•內側方向之橫電場81，在前側· 內側方向偏移了角度04。根據此構成，與上述相同，在液晶5內一定會產生長軸LQLS分別朝向不同方向之兩種類之液晶分子51，而產生「擾亂」狀態。因此，可以促進無規定向至曲定向之轉移。本實施形態1-4中，如上述般，在第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β之間，因爲產生足夠之前側•內側方向之橫電場81以及左右方向之橫電場82，因此，像素電極23 ’其夾著絕緣層(未圖示），與閘極線22設置在不同之層。與實施形態1-2同樣的，像素電極23，最好也能夾著絕緣層(未圖示），與源極線21設置在不同之層。第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β，如圖13所示， _______33___ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） n H ϋ n Βϋ n n n n ϋ n n I · ϋ n n n n n n f n l n n n I n I ϋ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544649 Λ7 _______B7 ___ 五、發明說明（V/ ) 最好是分別具有頂點235。如圖13之虛線所示，第1突起部232α之頂點235經去角處理而成爲大R時(具體來說，係半徑超過Ιμπι之R)，液晶5內長軸LQLS分別朝向不同方向之液晶分子51，其長軸LQLS所朝向之方向之變化會變緩。因此，會有不能產生足夠的「擾亂」來促進由無規定向到曲定向之轉移的情形。因此，爲了使液晶5內長軸 LQLS朝向不同方向之液晶分子51，其軸長LQLS所朝向之方向有急遽之變化，因此第1突起部232α與第2突起部 234β最好是分別都有頂點235。此實施形態1-4中，在前側·內側方向相鄰之兩像素電極23α，23β，可以分別施加不同極性之電壓。因此，左右相鄰之兩像素電極23之極性可以相同，亦可不同。但是，若左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極23極性不同時，如實施形態1-2之說明般，在左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極23之間會產生橫電場82，來促進由無規定向到曲定向之轉移。因此，左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極23其極性最好是不同。此外，第1突起部232〇6可以與像素電極23α個別地形成，但是從容易製作之觀點來看，第1突起部232α與透明之像素電極23α最好是一體形成。另外，形成透明之像素電極23α之材料，可以爲錫、銦氧化物(ΙΤΟ)。第2突起部 234β像素電極23α亦相同。 [實施形態1-5] 此實施形態1-5中，係在左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極 ____34_________ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂---------線！ 544649 A7 _B7___ 五、發明說明（Μ ) 23之間，產生前側•內側方向之橫電場81以及左右方向之橫電場82等之兩電場來促進初始化。如圖16所示，與實施形態1-4幾乎相同，在左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極23α，23β上，分別設置第3突起部238α 與第4突起部239β。該等第3突起部238α與第4突起部 239β，在俯視上與源極線21重疊。此外，爲了容易說明，將像素電極23α放置在左側，將像素電極23β放置在右側〇在左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極23α，23β上若分別施加不同極性之電壓，則與實施形態1-4相同地，在第3突起部238α與右側之像素電極23β之間以及在第4突起部239β 與左側之像素電極23α之間，會產生左右方向之橫電場82 。接著，在第3突起部238α與第4突起部239β之間，會產生前側•內側方向之橫點場81。根據此，會產生「擾亂」狀態，來促進由無規定向到曲定向之轉移。此實施形態1-5中，在左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極 23α，23β，可分別施加不同極性之電壓。因此，前側•內側方向相鄰之兩像素電極23之極性可以相同，亦可不同。但是，若前側·內側方向相鄰之兩像素電極23其極性不同時，如實施形態1-1之說明般，在前側•內側方向相鄰之兩像素電極23之間會產生前側•內側方向之橫電場81，來促進由無規定向到曲定向之轉移。因此，前側•內側方向相鄰之兩像素電極23其極性最好是不同。此外，可以將在圖14及圖15中之第1突起部232α與第2突起部234β ____— 35 ____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂·-------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544649 A7 ___B7_____ 五、發明說明Uv) ，轉用到圖16，分別作爲第3突起部238α與第4突起部 239β。 [實施形態丨-6] 本實施形態1-6，係實施形態1-4及實施形態1-5之組合。也就是說’如圖17所不’在像素電極2 3之則面側之側緣設置第1突起部，在像素電極23之內側方向側之側緣設置第2突起部234 ’在像素電極23之右側設置第3突起部235，在像素電極23之左側設置第4突起部236。接著，該等突起部232〜236，其在前側·內側方向以及左右方向相鄰之像素電極23，以及該等各突起部232〜236之間，會產生前側•內側方向之橫電場81以及左右方向之橫電場82。此實施形態1-6中，在前側•內側方向以及左右方向相鄰之像素電極23之間，會產生前側•內側方向之橫電場 81以及左右方向之橫電場82。因此，最好是能使施加於前側·內側方向相鄰之兩像素電極23之電壓極性相反，同時，亦最好是能使施加於左右方向相鄰之兩像素電極23之電壓極性相反。此外，在圖14及圖15中之第1突起部232 以及第2突起部234，亦可轉用到圖16中，來分別作爲第 3突起部238以及第4突起部239。又，熟習層積技術及光微影、蝕刻技術之業者，可適當地作成上述實施形態1中之液晶顯示裝置。 _____36____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐1 " (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂- -線- 544649 A7 ____B7______ 五、發明說明（V ) [實施形態2] (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖26，係顯示實施形態2-1之液晶顯示裝置之1像素之構成的俯視圖，圖27係顯示A-A’線之剖面圖。圖中，10爲像素電極，在其與對向電極28之間施加電壓以使液晶層21動作來進行顯示。在像素電極上，透過汲電極7連接有用以進行切換之薄膜電晶體（TFT ; Thin Film Transistor·%。1爲閘配線，用來掃描薄膜電晶體之 ON-OFF。5係用以對像素電極供應電壓的源極配線。2爲共用配線，其與像素電極之重疊部分，形成積蓄容量11。積蓄容量，其功能爲相對形成於像素電極上液晶容量之並列容量，用來防止TFT之漏電流等導致之像素電壓之下降。12爲顯示依據摩擦等之液晶之定向處理方向。 22與23爲基板，其間挾有液晶21。24與25係用來進行偏光顯示之偏光板。偏光板上，於該基板側面，視需要貼合有調整偏光之相位，以提昇對比、視野角特性的相位板。26係在閘電極8與源電極5間之第1絕緣膜，27爲用來保護TFT之第2絕緣膜。在偏光板24之下側，配置有用來顯示之背光（未圖示），並藉由將由背光來之光遮斷或是透過來進行顯示。29爲用來顯示色彩之濾色片，30爲來遮斷由像素週邊外洩之光之遮斷矩陣。以上，與習知之液晶顯示裝置幾乎相同。本發明之液晶顯示裝置，爲在以上之構成上，將共用配線2分歧，然後形成突出電極3。據此，在源極配線5 與突出電極3間之空隙部4,使其產生基板面內方向之電 _____37 ____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 X 297公爱） 544649 B7 五、發明說明（；^ ) 場，來使得容易產生由無規定向到曲定向之轉移。以下，將說明此效果。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置中，作爲初始化（轉移）之準備步驟，係將源電極之電位設爲〇伏特，然後對閘電極施加15〜20伏特左右之ON電壓，來使得TFT成爲ON狀態。其結果，爲將〇伏特電壓寫入像素電極內。液晶顯示裝置擁有多數個閘電極，其可以掃描閘電極然後在每條線上寫入電壓，亦可在所有閘電極上施加ON電壓，將電壓一次寫入所有像素內。此時，若將共用電極以及突出電極之電壓設爲0伏特，則突出電極、源極配線、像素電極成爲相同電位(0伏特) ，則在像素部與源極配線部之液晶層上，不會施加電場。在將所有像素寫入〇伏特之電壓後，若將閘電極亦設爲0 伏特，則可以將施加於液晶層之電場完全消除，而能得到希望之狀態，以下之說明，爲當在閘電極上施加電壓之狀態下，亦不會改變。上述準備步驟之結果，本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置，成爲如圖28中剖面圖所顯示之初始狀態。圖中，31表示液晶分子。因爲在液晶層上未施加電場，因此液晶分子將其長軸朝向硏磨之定向處理方向而並列。圖爲與定向處理方向正交之剖面圖，因此液晶分子之長軸大致朝面向紙面內部方向排列。實際上，液晶分子與紙面內部方向有數度到數十度之傾角，但在圖中省略。另一方面，因爲在此狀態下液晶爲無規定向狀態，因 ____ _38 ___ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 A7 __B7_ 五、發明說明（Μ ) 此在硏磨方向（圖23之b-b’方向）之剖面上，液晶分子如圖 45之P般地排列。圖29 ’係本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置中，顯示初始化 (轉移)之第1步驟之剖面圖。將突出電極保持在〇伏特，然後對源電極施加電壓，則在間隙部4中，會產生基板面內方向之電場E1。據此，在間隙部之液晶層中央部分之液晶分子41 ’會朝向電場E1之方向。在間隙部之界面之液晶分子42與43，因爲定向處理之定著(anchoring)效果，所以即使施加電壓，亦幾乎不動作。其結果，間隙部之液晶分子’以圖中Z方向爲軸扭轉排列。另一方面，在間隙部以外部分之液晶分子，爲與圖28相同之定向狀態。因此，在該交界部，形成有液晶定向狀態之遷移區域44, 45。施加於源電極之電壓，較高者較易形成扭轉構造，但只要是5伏特以上在實用上即足夠，若一併考慮信號側驅動1C之性能，則最好是5伏特到10伏特。此外，施加於源電極之電壓，最好是數十〜數十KHz之交流電壓。當頻率過低時，在配線附近因爲離子偏離，因此在顯示時會產生不協調，當頻率過高時，因爲源極配線之時定數所導致之波形之歪曲，因此無法充分施加電壓之故。若係15型、有1280X720像素之液晶顯示裝置中，其下限爲10Hz，上限爲50kHz。爲了得到足夠之扭轉狀態，希望能持續地施加與液晶之回應時間相同程度以上時間之橫電場。若液晶之回應時間爲數微秒，則希望能持續1微秒以上，最好是持續5微 ------ 39_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ·訂---------線丨-βΓ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544649 A7 _______JB7___ 五、發明說明（0) 秒以上後，移至下一步驟。圖30，係顯示初始化(轉移)之第2步驟的剖面圖。藉由在對向電極28施加電壓，來對液晶層施加垂直於基板面之電場E2，使液晶分子51由基板面起來。圖31，係以示意方式顯示此時之曲定向擴散的俯視圖。首先，藉電場E2 之施加’使得施加橫電場之間隙部4之附近形成曲定向部 ’接著曲定向部朝著61之方向擴散，然後像素全體成爲曲定向。若依照本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置，可以較習知之液晶顯示裝置更容易且確實地進行由無規定向到曲定向之轉移。此理由可考慮如下。亦即，在第1步驟形成之液晶排列狀態之遷移區域44, 45與其他部分相較，其液晶之定向不安定。因爲無規定向與曲定向爲不連續之兩個定向狀態 ’因此在兩者之間之轉移，必須穿越過位能壁，在上述遷移區域中，因爲液晶排列中有不安定之要因存在，因此其位能壁較低。因此，藉由在此處施加第2之電場E2，而可以比較容易地形成曲定向狀態。在對向電極上施加之電壓，其電壓値越高，轉移時間越短，但是另一方面，則會對電源電路造成較大負荷。就同時能滿足兩者之條件而言，實用上，以10伏特以上30 伏特以下之電壓較佳。頻率則以0.1Hz到50Hz左右間較佳。因爲對向電極形成於全畫面，因而包含大電氣容量，因爲數百Hz以上之高頻率會增大電力之消耗以及驅動電路之極性交換之負擔，因此並不理想。 __________40____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) · -丨線· 544649 A7 ^---------- 五、發明說明（a/) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 此外，上述說明中，就初始化（轉移）之準備步驟而言，係將源電極之電位設爲〇伏特，然後在閘電極上給予 ON電位，來使得TFT成爲ON狀態。此準備步驟之效果，爲在機器開始動作時，藉由每次將液晶之排列狀態設爲相等，來得到安定之轉移特性，但是依照狀況不同，可省略此步驟。其理由爲，可以依照上述說明之第1與第2步驟來進行轉移操作。此外，在圖26中突出電極3與像素電極10並沒有完全的重疊，若存在有空隙部4，則在液晶分子內會被加入 g轉，因此如圖46所示，即使突出電極3之一部份與像素電極10重疊亦可。 [實施形態2-2] 圖32，係用以說明實施形態2-2之液晶顯示裝置之動作的剖面圖。圖相當於第1實施形態之說明中之圖30。本實施形態，係在第1實施形態中，對像素電極亦賦予電位，來使得突出電極3與像素電極10間之第2間隙部 71中，亦產生基板面內方向之電場E3。藉此，來使得在習知之液晶排列狀態之遷移區域44, 45中，再產生新的遷移區域72。對於第1之實施形態，本實施形態之第1效果，係由於遷移區域之數目增加，因此開始轉移之機率增大，而可以更確實地進行轉移。第2效果’係由於新遷移區域72更 .接近像素電極10 ’所以實際上執行顯示之像素區域之轉移用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公Si " A7 544649 ____ B7_ 一五、發明說明（），會更快地完成，其結果，機器之可以開始動作之時間可以縮短。第3，係由於基板22側之電極間沒有間隙，因此像素電極部在將電壓施加到對向電極時，會產生安定之縱電場，因爲在此像素電極部之附近，設有新的遷移區域72 ，因此可以更安定地執行轉移。本實施形態中，與第1實施形態相同地，就初始化(轉移)之準備步驟而言，係將源電極之電位設爲0伏特，然後在閘電極上加入15〜20伏特左右之ON電位，來使的TFT 成爲ON狀態。此時，將共用電極以及突出電極之電位設爲〇伏特，並將突出電極、源極配線、像素電極設爲相同電位(〇伏特），則在像素部與源極配線部之液晶層，不會被施加電場。此步驟，如在第1實施形態中說明般地，可視情形加以省略。第1步驟，係在閘電極上施加ON電壓，然後將正電壓(例如+5伏特)施加至源極配線，將像素電極充電到+5伏特。第2步驟，係在閘電極上施加on電壓，然後將負電壓(例如-5伏特)施加至源極配線，將像素電極充電到-5 伏特。經過該等步驟，將共用配線、及突出電極之電位設爲〇伏特，然後如圖32所示，在突出電極3與源極配線5之間，產生電場E1，在突出電極3與像素電極10之間，產生電場E3。因爲該等電場皆產生於與基板大致平行之方向，因此在間隙部4, 71中之液晶層中央部之液晶分子41，73 _____42____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544649 A7 ______B7_____ 五、發明說明（今\ ) 會被旋轉於面內方向，使得兩個間隙部內產生扭轉狀態。弟3步驟，係重複執行第1與第2步驟。藉此’將施加到間隙部之電壓變爲交流。第4步驟，係藉由於對向電極施加電壓，來使液晶層上產生垂直於基板面之電場，使得液晶分子得以由基板面上開始動作。藉此，與第1實施形態相同的，藉由垂直電場之施加，在施加有橫電場之間隙部4, 71附近，形成曲定向部，而曲定向部主要會朝著像素電極之方向擴散，最後像素全體會成爲曲定向。若依據本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置，可以較習知之液晶顯示裝置更容易且確實地進行由無規定向到曲定向之轉移。 [實施形態2-3] 圖33，係用以說明實施形態2-3之液晶顯示裝置之動作的1個像素構成的俯視圖。此圖係相當於第1實施形態之說明中的圖26。第1或是第2實施形態中，突出電極爲直線形狀，且施加與其週邊之空隙部之電場之方向爲與液晶定向方向垂直之方向。本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置中，如圖33所示般，將突出電極3、源極配線以及像素電極1〇之邊緣部分作成彎曲形狀，將在圖中以箭頭顯示之電場方向81，由垂直於液晶定向方向朝右旋轉方向所形成之區域，以及向左旋轉方向所形成之區域，作成空隙部4 · 82。相對於第1與第2實施形態之本實施形態的效果，在 _^__43 _ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ' " " (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) n n n I— n n f n n I— n n n ϋ I n - 544649 A7 _____ B7_ _ 五、發明說明（ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 空隙部之液晶，其藉由確實地形成朝右方向旋轉之區域以及朝左方向旋轉之區域，可安定地進行轉移。以下，說明在空隙部之液晶形成朝右方向旋轉之區域以及朝左方向旋轉之區域之效果。線- 首先，說明液晶分子在基板內不旋轉，或不具有扭轉構成之情形下，其在轉移操作時之問題點。圖34，係以示意方式顯示此情況之轉移操作中液晶分子之定向的剖面圖。液晶分子91在初始狀態時，係如圖34(a)所示之無規定向。在上下基板之電極間施加電壓，液晶分子即與電場平行排列，因此液晶分子會如圖34(b)所示產生旋轉扭力。扭力之方向與液晶分子在沒有施加電壓時之傾角之方向相關，在上半部之液晶分子92爲順時鐘方向之旋轉扭力，下半部之液晶分子93爲逆時鐘方向之旋轉扭力。在上下基板之正中央處之液晶分子94，因爲其初始狀態爲與基板平行，因此沒有特定之旋轉方向。最後，成爲如圖34(c)所示曲定向，但是會產生在液晶層中央部分之液晶分子94其旋轉方向爲順時鐘狀態時所經由之區域，以及爲逆時鐘狀態時所經由之區域等之兩區域。因此，轉移之產生會成爲不安定，且轉移時會花費時間，兩區域間之視差線會殘留到顯示期間，而成爲對比低下之原因。第1與第2實施形態中，對圖35所示之無規定向之液晶施加橫方向之電場，獲得如圖36所示之扭轉狀態之定向 ’然後再施加基板法線方向之電場，來進行轉移之操作。圖36顯示之剖面圖，係在施加橫電場時，在液晶層之中央 ------44_______ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 B7 五、發明說明（β) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 部分之液晶分子之左側朝前面方向旋轉，而右側則往內部方向旋轉，其扭力作用圖。在由圖之下方往上方看液晶分子旋轉方向時，在剖面圖之下半部液晶分子爲順時鐘扭轉 90度(以下，略稱爲R90° )，在上半部之液晶爲液晶分子逆時鐘方向扭轉90度(以下稱爲L90° )。此時，因爲上下基板介面之液晶分子之傾角相互抵消，因此在液晶層中央之液晶分子101，其相對基板幾乎不立起，因此傾角大致爲〇度。因此，當施加基板法線方向之電場時，此液晶分子之立起方向不固定，因此會有不安定之轉移發生的情形〇圖37，係顯示本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置中，施加橫方向電場時液晶分子之排列的剖面圖。本實施形態中，液晶層中央之液晶分子之旋轉方向與相異之2區域相鄰。圖爲顯示此連接部，在圖之左側，旋轉扭力使得在液晶層之中央部之液晶分子之左側朝前面方向旋轉，並使右側朝內部方向旋轉，下半分爲R90° ，上半分爲L90°之狀態。另一方面，圖之右側，旋轉扭力使得在液晶層之中央部之液晶分子之左側朝內部方向旋轉，並使右側朝前面方向旋轉，下半分爲L90° ，上半分爲R90°之狀態。由於該等區域互相相鄰，因此如圖中虛線所示，左側下半分之R90°之部分，與右側上半分之R90°之部分，其因爲液晶分子之熱搖晃現象與交流電場之切換所伴隨之液晶分子之搖晃等，而會產生互相結合之情形。此區域中，液晶分子，由下側基板朝上側基板看時，係朝右連續扭 ____ 45_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 A7 _______B7___ 五、發明說明Qk) 轉180度之狀態(R180° )。此時，因爲上下基板介面之傾角之影響，因此液晶層中央之液晶分子101產生傾角。若形成有此區域，即能容易的產生轉移。圖38，係顯示該狀態，如（a)所示在中央部液晶分子1〇1，其產生傾角，並藉由在扭轉成180度狀態之液晶層中施加電壓，據以如(b)所示使中央部之液晶分子1〇1揚起於安定之方向，其結果極能容易地形成(c)所示之彎曲狀態。本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置中，作爲轉移之起始而形成了 180度扭轉狀態，但由於未添加用以形成扭轉狀態之手性(chiral)材料，因此在轉移產生後，於液晶之定向中幾乎不殘留扭轉構造，在施加之電壓低時亦能維持良好的曲定向。因此，不會有視野角特性之低落、白色顯示時之著色、回應速度慢等之問題。此外，上述說明中，上半分與下半分之扭轉角分別爲 90度，但並不限於此。結合區域之液晶之扭轉角度爲，由上下之基板介面之液晶之定向方位來決定，因此若平行地作定向處理，則與上下部分原來之扭轉角度沒有關係，扭轉角度成爲180度。因此，若在橫電場施加時，中央部之液晶分子其在兩個區域內接收到逆向之扭力時，則與上下部分之扭轉狀態無關，而可以形成良好之彎曲狀態。本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置，係與第2實施形態中之說明相同地加以驅動。如此，即能分別在間隙部4 · 82形成扭轉電場爲相反之區域，而得到良好之轉移特性。 ____46___ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •laj· -線 544649 A7 ____B7 ______五、發明說明（g) [實施形態2-4] 圖39，係顯示用以說明實施形態2-4之液晶顯示裝置之動作的1個像素之構成的俯視圖。本實施形態，與第3實施形態同樣的，在空隙部4作成如圖中箭頭所不電場方向81由與液晶定向方向垂直之方向朝右旋轉之方向所形成之區域，以及朝左旋轉所形成之區域等之兩區域。第3實施形態中，係使突出電極3兩側之空隙部彎曲來形成此種區域，但本實施形態中，則僅在突出電極3與源極配線5之間使空隙部彎曲。藉此，可以將像素電極1〇擴大，而有可以提高開口率來進行更明亮之顯示的特徵。本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置，例如，係與實施形態1之說明相同地加以驅動。本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置亦與第3實施形態同樣的，可以不添加手性材料，來誘起扭轉構成，並將此作爲轉移之核來使用。因此，在轉移產生後液晶之定向中，幾乎不殘留扭轉構造，因此即使施加電壓低時，亦能維持良好之曲定向。因此，不會有視野角特性之低落、白色顯示時之著色、回應速度慢等之問題。此外，在本實施形態中亦與第3實施形態相同，上半分與下半分之扭轉角度部限定在90度，在橫電場施加時，中央部之液晶分子其在兩個區域內接收到逆向之扭力時，則與上下部分之扭轉狀態無關，而可以形成良好之彎曲狀態。 ___ . _ 47 ___ 請先閱讀背Άν -------- Order --------- Line I A7 544649 __B7___ 5. The description of the invention (yV) is set at different levels. The reason is that 'in the present embodiment', as described above, a horizontal electric field 82 is generated between two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction. However, if the pixel electrode 23 and the source line 21 are on the same layer, the transverse electric field 82 generated between two adjacent pixel electrodes 23 in the left-right direction will be affected by the voltage applied to the source line 21. Therefore, 'in order to minimize the influence caused by the voltage applied to the source line 21', so as shown in FIG. 4 ', it is the same as that of the embodiment 1-1. It is preferable to be able to connect the source line 21 and the pixel electrode 23 Between 'sandwiched with an insulating layer (not shown). The other parts are the same as the embodiment. In addition, when the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 51 specified by the alignment film 6 is not parallel to the source line 21, 'only a lateral electric field 81 in the front-inside direction is required, and the long-axis LQLSs can be generated in the liquid crystal 5', respectively. Liquid crystal molecules 51 in different directions. Therefore, at this time, as shown in FIG. 9, the polarities of the voltages input to the two pixel electrodes 23a, 23b, 23c, ... which are adjacent in the left-right direction can be set to the same manner. 'Apply voltage to the pixel electrode 23 [ Embodiment 1-3] In this embodiment 1-3, the horizontal electric field 82 in the left-right direction is generated between the pixel electrodes 23 to promote initialization. As described above, when the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 51 defined by the alignment film 6 is parallel to the source line 21, there may be a case where a transverse electric field 81 in the front and inner directions is unnecessary. In this case, only the lateral electric field 82 in the left-right direction can be generated as follows. _____28_______ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order ·-· Line · 544649 A7 ___B7_ 5. Description of the invention (^) ( Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page.) As shown in Figure 10, in this embodiment 1-3, each source line 21a, b is passed. . . To make the input of each pixel electrode 23a, b ,. . . The AC rectangular wave voltage has the same polarity. The source lines 22 and the switching element 4 are operated in exactly the same manner as in the embodiments 1-1 and 1-2. In this way, as shown in FIG. 11, the horizontal and electric fields 82 in the left-right direction are generated between the pixel electrodes 23Aa, Ab, Ac, Ad,... In the odd-numbered segments and the pixel electrodes 23Ba, Bb, Bc, Bd,... . However, as described in the 1-1st embodiment, no transverse electric field 81 in the front and inner directions is generated. As explained in Embodiment 1-2, the horizontal electric field 82 in the left-right direction orthogonal to the long axis LQLS of the liquid crystal molecules 51 is used to make the liquid crystal existing in the source line 21 as shown in FIG. 12. The molecule 51c is twisted like an arrow C2. Therefore, in the liquid crystal 5, liquid crystal molecules 51 (the liquid crystal molecules 51a existing on the pixel electrode 23 and the source lines) whose long axes LQLS are respectively oriented in different directions must be generated, and are twisted into an arrow C2 by the transverse electric field 82. The liquid crystal molecules 51c) in the direction can promote the transition from the undefined to the curved orientation. This embodiment 1-2 is particularly suitable when the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 51 specified by the alignment film 6 is parallel to the source line 21. The other parts are the same as those of Embodiment 1-1. [Embodiment 1-4] In this embodiment 1-4, a horizontal electric field 81 in the front-inside direction is generated between two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent in the front-inside direction, and a lateral electric field 82 in the left-right direction is generated. To facilitate initialization. ____ 29_ I-_ This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 544649 A7 ____ B7 ____ 5. Description of the invention (/ ¾) As detailed in Embodiment 1-1, When the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 51 specified by the alignment film 6 is parallel to the source line 21, that is, when the long axis LQLS of the liquid crystal molecules 51 is parallel to the source line 21, it is not effective to generate only the transverse electric field 81. Therefore, in Embodiment 1-2, the horizontal electric field 82 in the left-right direction is generated between the two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to the left and right. In Embodiment 1-4, the shape of the pixel electrode 23 is set to a predetermined shape, so that a horizontal electric field 82 in the left-right direction is also generated between two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to each other in the front and inner directions. This will be described in detail below. As shown in FIG. 13, in this embodiment 1-4, the two pixel electrodes 23α, 23β are adjacent to each other in the front and inner directions. The pixel electrode 23α on the inner side and the pixel electrode 23β on the front side will be described at this position. A first protruding portion 232α extends from an edge 231α of the front end of the pixel electrode 23α. On the other hand, a second protruding portion 234β is extended at the end edge 233β of the inner-direction end of the pixel electrode 23β. Next, in a plan view, both the first protruding portion 232α and the second protruding portion 234β overlap the gate line 22. In this way, as shown in FIG. 2, when the first protrusions 232α and the second protrusions 234β are engaged with each other, as shown in FIG. 2, voltages having different polarities are applied between the pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to each other in the front-inside direction, as shown in FIG. 13. Between the first protrusion 232α and the pixel electrode 23β, and between the second protrusion 234β and the pixel electrode 23α, a transverse electric field 81 in the front and inner directions is generated. At the same time, the first protrusion 232α and the second protrusion are generated. A horizontal electric field 82 in the left-right direction is generated between 234β. If so, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 12, it is no longer restricted by the orientation direction of the liquid crystal molecules 51 specified by the alignment film 6. Within the liquid crystal 5, it is divided into _____30___ This paper size applies the Chinese national standard (CNS ) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) ·-丨 · 544649 A7 __B7_____ V. Description of the invention (> 7) Don't produce the long axis LQLS in different directions Liquid crystal molecules 51. Therefore, as described above, since these two types of liquid crystal molecules 51 are generated, a “disturbed” state is generated, and the transition from unregulated to curved orientation is promoted. In particular, when the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 51 specified by the alignment film 6 is parallel to the source line 21 and the pixel electrode is completely rectangular, as described in Embodiment 1-2, "disturbance does not occur" ". Therefore, when the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules 51 specified by the alignment film 6 is parallel to the source line 21, as in this embodiment 1-4, it is particularly suitable to provide the first protrusions 232α and 23 on the pixel electrodes 23α and 23β. The second protrusion 23 邛. If the first protruding portion 232α and the second protruding portion 234β are too small, it is difficult to generate a lateral electric field 82 in the left-right direction between the first protruding portion 232α and the second protruding portion 234β. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 13, the front end of the first projection 232α is positioned more forward than the front end of the second projection 234β (in other words, the front end of the second projection 234β is greater than the front end of the first projection 232α). Medial direction). The sizes of the first protrusions 232α and the second protrusions 234β are not particularly limited. For example, the width of the protrusions is about 1 μm or more and 10 μm or less (preferably about 5 μm). The distance is also above about 1 μm, and below 10 μm (preferably about 5 μχη). It is preferable that the first projections 232α and the second projections 234β can be provided on the pixel electrodes 23α and β one by one, respectively. However, it can be set in more places to create a disturbance state to promote the unspecified transition to the bending direction. Therefore, two first protrusions 232α and one second protrusion 234β may be respectively provided on the pixel electrodes 23α and 23β, and the two first protrusions ____31_____ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification ( 210 X 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) · In H_1 11 nn — ^ i Yi Yong M · »WK * Μ ··· · IBM · hiring ΜΜ. 544649 A7 ___ B7__ 5. Description of the invention) A second protrusion 234β is provided between 232α. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13, a plurality of first protrusions 232α and a plurality of second protrusions 234β may be provided on the pixel electrodes 23α, 23β, respectively. The plurality of first protrusions 232α and the plurality of second protrusions 234β mesh with each other like teeth. That is, one second protrusion 234? Is placed between two adjacent first protrusions 232 ?, and one first protrusion 232? Is placed between two adjacent second protrusions 234 ?. In FIG. 13, the angle θ1 between the edge 231α of the pixel electrode 23α and the first protrusion 232α is 90 °. If the long axis LQLS in the liquid crystal 5 faces two types of liquid crystal molecules 51 in different directions, the It is sufficient to generate a "disturb" state. Therefore, this angle θ 1 is not limited to 90 °. It can be above 10 ° and 170 °. When the angle is less than 10 °, the angle generated by the two types of liquid crystal molecules is too small, and it may be difficult to cause a disturbed state. On the other hand, if it exceeds 170 °, the same problem will occur. The angle 0 2 generated between the edge 233β of the pixel electrode 23β and the second protruding portion 234β is the same as the above, and is 90 ° in FIG. 13 and FIG. 11, but is not limited to 90 °. The angle 0 2 may be from 10 ° to 170 °. However, if the ease of design is considered, it is better that the angles 0 1 and θ 2 are both 90 °. As another example of the first protruding portion 232α and the second protruding portion 234β, FIG. 14 can be used as an example. At this time, the angle formed by the edge 231 of the pixel electrode 23 and the convex portion 236 is 03 ', as shown in Fig. 14, the horizontal electric field 82 in the left-right direction is shifted only by the left-right direction by an angle (90 °-0 3). This structure is a structure in which the first protrusion 232α is placed between the adjacent second protrusions 234β. _____32___ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). Nnnnna— n ϋ I nnn V · nn ϋ nnnn a «nnn I nn II n (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 544649 A7 _____B7_ 5. The description of the invention (Μ) is completed, but it can also be recorded as" on the front side of the pixel electrode 23α A convex portion 236α is provided on the side edge, and a concave portion 237β is provided on the side edge on the inner side of the pixel electrode 23β. The convex portion 236α and the concave portion 237β are engaged with each other. " According to this configuration, as in the above, two types of liquid crystal molecules 51 with long axes LQLS directed in different directions must be generated in the liquid crystal 5, and a "disturbed" state is generated. Therefore, it is possible to promote the transition from the unregulated to the curved direction. Further, as shown in FIG. 14, it is preferable that a vertex 235 exists at the front end of the convex portion 236. As another example of the first protrusion 232α and the second protrusion 234β, FIG. 15 can be used as an example. At this time, the transverse electric field 81 in the front-inside direction is also shifted from the front-inside direction. In FIG. 15, if the angle defined by the edge 231 of the pixel electrode 23 and the convex portion 236 is set to 0, as shown in FIG. 14, the transverse electric field 81 in the front-inside direction is biased in the front-inside direction. Moved by angle 04. According to this configuration, as in the above-mentioned case, two types of liquid crystal molecules 51 with long-axis LQLSs oriented in different directions must be generated in the liquid crystal 5 to cause a "disturbed" state. Therefore, it is possible to promote the transition from unregulated to the curved direction. In Embodiment 1-4, as described above, between the first protrusion 232α and the second protrusion 234β, sufficient transverse electric field 81 in the front-inside direction and transverse electric field 82 in the left-right direction are generated. The electrode 23 ′ is provided on a different layer from the gate line 22 with an insulating layer (not shown) interposed therebetween. As in Embodiment 1-2, it is preferable that the pixel electrode 23 can be provided on a different layer from the source line 21 with an insulating layer (not shown) interposed therebetween. The first protrusion 232α and the second protrusion 234β, as shown in FIG. 13, _______33___ This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) n H ϋ n Βϋ nnnn ϋ nn I · ϋ nnnnnnfnlnnn I n I ϋ (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 544649 Λ7 _______B7 ___ 5. Description of the Invention (V /) It is best to have vertices 235 respectively. As shown by the dashed line in FIG. 13, when the apex 235 of the first protrusion 232α is chamfered to become a large R (specifically, R with a radius exceeding 1 μm), the long axis LQLS in the liquid crystal 5 faces the liquid crystal in different directions. In the molecule 51, the change in the direction of the long axis LQLS will be slowed down. Therefore, there may be situations in which there is not enough "disturbance" to facilitate the transition from random orientation to song orientation. Therefore, in order for the long axis LQLS in the liquid crystal 5 to face the liquid crystal molecules 51 in different directions, the direction in which the axial length LQLS is directed changes sharply. Therefore, it is preferable that the first protrusions 232α and the second protrusions 234β each have a vertex. 235. In this embodiment 1-4, two pixel electrodes 23α, 23β adjacent to the front side and the inner side can be applied with voltages of different polarities, respectively. Therefore, the polarities of the two adjacent pixel electrodes 23 may be the same or different. However, if the two adjacent pixel electrodes 23 in the left and right directions have different polarities, as described in Embodiment 1-2, a transverse electric field 82 will be generated between the two adjacent pixel electrodes 23 in the left and right directions to promote the undirected direction. Transfer to Qu. Therefore, the two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to each other in the left-right direction preferably have different polarities. In addition, the first protrusions 23206 can be formed separately from the pixel electrodes 23α. However, from the viewpoint of ease of fabrication, the first protrusions 232α and the transparent pixel electrodes 23α are preferably formed integrally. In addition, a material for forming the transparent pixel electrode 23α may be tin or indium oxide (ITO). The second protruding portion 234β is the same as the pixel electrode 23α. [Embodiment 1-5] In this embodiment 1-5, two pixel electrodes adjacent to each other in the left-right direction ____34_________ This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read first Note on the back then fill out this page) Order --------- line! 544649 A7 _B7___ 5. Description of the Invention (M) 23, two electric fields such as a transverse electric field 81 in the front-inside direction and a transverse electric field 82 in the left-right direction are generated to facilitate initialization. As shown in Fig. 16, almost the same as in Embodiments 1-4, a third projection 238α and a fourth projection 239β are provided on two pixel electrodes 23α, 23β adjacent to each other in the left-right direction. The third protrusions 238α and the fourth protrusions 239β overlap the source line 21 in a plan view. In addition, for ease of explanation, the pixel electrode 23α is placed on the left side and the pixel electrode 23β is placed on the right side. If two pixel electrodes 23α and 23β adjacent to the left and right are applied with voltages of different polarities respectively, this is the same as the embodiment 1-4. Similarly, a lateral electric field 82 in the left-right direction is generated between the third protrusion 238α and the pixel electrode 23β on the right side, and between the fourth protrusion 239β and the pixel electrode 23α on the left side. Next, a transverse dot field 81 in the front-inside direction is generated between the third protrusion 238α and the fourth protrusion 239β. Based on this, a state of "disturbance" will be generated to promote the transition from unregulated to curved orientation. In this embodiment 1-5, two pixel electrodes 23α, 23β adjacent to the left and right directions can be applied with voltages of different polarities, respectively. Therefore, the polarities of two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to each other in the front and inner directions may be the same or different. However, if the two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to each other in the front and inner directions have different polarities, as described in Embodiment 1-1, the two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to each other in the front and inner directions may have a front-inside direction. The transverse electric field 81 is used to promote the transition from undefined to curved orientation. Therefore, it is preferable that two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to each other in the front and inner directions have different polarities. In addition, the first protrusion 232α and the second protrusion 234β in FIG. 14 and FIG. 15 can be ____— 35 ____ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ---- ---------------- Order · -------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 544649 A7 ___B7_____ V. Description of Invention Uv), turn 16 is used as the third protrusion 238α and the fourth protrusion 239β, respectively. [Embodiment 丨 -6] This embodiment 1-6 is a combination of embodiments 1-4 and 1-5. That is, as shown in FIG. 17, a first protrusion is provided on a side edge of the pixel electrode 23 on the surface side, and a second protrusion 234 is provided on a side edge on the inner direction side of the pixel electrode 23. A third protrusion 235 is provided on the right side, and a fourth protrusion 236 is provided on the left side of the pixel electrode 23. Next, the projections 232 to 236 generate pixel fields 23 adjacent to each other in the front-inside direction and the left-right direction, and a transverse electric field 81 in the front-inside direction and the left-right direction are generated between the respective projections 232-236. Direction of the transverse electric field 82. In this embodiment 1-6, a horizontal electric field 81 in the front-inside direction and a horizontal electric field 82 in the left-right direction are generated between the pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to the front-inside direction and the left-right direction. Therefore, it is preferable that the polarities of the voltages applied to the two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to each other in the front and inside directions be reversed, and at the same time, the polarities of the voltages applied to the two pixel electrodes 23 adjacent to the left and right directions be reversed. In addition, the first protrusions 232 and the second protrusions 234 in FIGS. 14 and 15 can also be transferred to FIG. 16 as the third protrusions 238 and the fourth protrusions 239, respectively. In addition, those skilled in lamination technology, photolithography, and etching technology can appropriately construct the liquid crystal display device in the first embodiment. _____36____ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm1 " (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Order--Line-544649 A7 ____B7______ 5. Description of the invention (V) [Embodiment 2] (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) Fig. 26 is a plan view showing the structure of 1 pixel of the liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 2-1, and Fig. 27 is a view showing the line AA ' In the figure, 10 is a pixel electrode, and a voltage is applied between the pixel electrode and the counter electrode 28 to cause the liquid crystal layer 21 to operate for display. On the pixel electrode, a thin film transistor for switching is connected through a drain electrode 7. (TFT; Thin Film Transistor ·%. 1 is the gate wiring to scan the ON-OFF of the thin film transistor. 5 is the source wiring to supply voltage to the pixel electrode. 2 is the common wiring, which overlaps the pixel electrode Partly, the storage capacity is 11. The storage capacity is a function of the side-by-side capacity of the liquid crystal capacity formed on the pixel electrode, and is used to prevent the pixel voltage from decreasing due to the leakage current of the TFT. The orientation direction of the crystal. 22 and 23 are substrates with liquid crystals 21. 24 and 25 are polarizers used for polarized display. Polarizers are attached to the side of the substrate to adjust the phase of polarized light as needed. Phase plate with enhanced contrast and viewing angle characteristics. 26 is the first insulating film between the gate electrode 8 and the source electrode 5, 27 is the second insulating film to protect the TFT. It is useful to arrange under the polarizer 24 To display the backlight (not shown), and to display the light by blocking or transmitting the light from the backlight. 29 is a color filter for displaying colors, and 30 is to block the light leaking from the periphery of the pixel. The above is almost the same as the conventional liquid crystal display device. In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the common wiring 2 is divided into the above configuration, and then the protruding electrode 3 is formed. Accordingly, the source wiring 5 The gap 4 between the electrode 3 and the protruding electrode 3 makes it generate electricity in the direction of the substrate _____37 ____ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇X 297 public love) 544649 B7 V. Description of the invention (; ^) Field to make it easy The transition from unregulated to curved orientation is described below. This effect will be described below. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page.) In the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, as a preparation step for initialization (transfer), The potential of the source electrode is set to 0 volts, and then an ON voltage of about 15 to 20 volts is applied to the gate electrode to turn the TFT on. As a result, a 0 volt voltage is written in the pixel electrode. Most liquid crystal display devices have Each gate electrode can scan the gate electrode and write a voltage on each line, or apply an ON voltage to all gate electrodes to write the voltage to all pixels at once. At this time, if the voltage of the common electrode and the protruding electrode is set to 0 volts, the protruding electrode, the source wiring, and the pixel electrode have the same potential (0 volt). An electric field is applied. After all pixels are written to a voltage of 0 volts, if the gate electrode is also set to 0 volts, the electric field applied to the liquid crystal layer can be completely eliminated, and the desired state can be obtained. The following description is for the gate electrode. It will not change even when the voltage is applied. As a result of the above preparation steps, the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment becomes the initial state as shown in the sectional view in FIG. 28. In the figure, 31 denotes liquid crystal molecules. Since no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules are juxtaposed with their major axes oriented in the direction of the honing process. The figure is a cross-sectional view orthogonal to the direction of the alignment process, so the major axes of the liquid crystal molecules are aligned approximately toward the inside of the paper surface. Actually, the liquid crystal molecules have an inclination angle of several degrees to several tens degrees with respect to the inner direction of the paper surface, but are omitted in the figure. On the other hand, because the liquid crystal is in a non-orientation state in this state, ____ _38 ___ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 544649 A7 __B7_ V. Description of the invention (Μ) In this cross-section in the honing direction (b-b 'direction in FIG. 23), the liquid crystal molecules are aligned like P in FIG. 45. Fig. 29 'is a cross-sectional view of the first step of display initialization (transfer) in the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment. When the protruding electrode is held at 0 volts and a voltage is applied to the source electrode, an electric field E1 in the plane direction of the substrate is generated in the gap portion 4. According to this, the liquid crystal molecules 41 'in the center portion of the liquid crystal layer in the gap portion are directed in the direction of the electric field E1. The liquid crystal molecules 42 and 43 at the interface of the gap portion have almost no action even when a voltage is applied because of the anchoring effect of the orientation treatment. As a result, the liquid crystal molecules' in the gap portion are twist-aligned with the Z direction in the figure as an axis. On the other hand, the liquid crystal molecules in portions other than the gap portion are in the same alignment state as in FIG. 28. Therefore, transition regions 44 and 45 of the liquid crystal alignment state are formed at the boundary portion. The higher voltage applied to the source electrode is more likely to form a twisted structure, but as long as it is 5 volts or more, it is practically sufficient. If the performance of the signal side drive 1C is also considered, it is preferably 5 volts to 10 volts. The voltage applied to the source electrode is preferably an AC voltage of several tens to several tens of KHz. When the frequency is too low, due to ion deviation in the vicinity of the wiring, there will be inconsistency in the display. When the frequency is too high, the waveform will be distorted due to the fixed number at the time of the source wiring, so the voltage cannot be applied sufficiently. . If it is a 15-type liquid crystal display device with 1280 × 720 pixels, the lower limit is 10Hz and the upper limit is 50kHz. In order to obtain a sufficient twisted state, it is desirable to continuously apply a transverse electric field for a time equal to or more than the response time of the liquid crystal. If the response time of the liquid crystal is several microseconds, it is expected to last more than 1 microsecond, preferably 5 microseconds. ------ 39_ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ) · Order --------- Line 丨 -βΓ (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 544649 A7 _______JB7___ 5. Description of the invention (0) seconds or more, move to the next step. Fig. 30 is a sectional view showing a second step of initialization (transfer). By applying a voltage to the counter electrode 28, an electric field E2 perpendicular to the substrate surface is applied to the liquid crystal layer, so that the liquid crystal molecules 51 are raised from the substrate surface. Fig. 31 is a plan view schematically showing the directional diffusion at this time. First, by applying the electric field E2, a curved orientation portion is formed near the gap portion 4 where the transverse electric field is applied, and then the curved orientation portion diffuses in the direction of 61, and then the entire pixel becomes a curved orientation. According to the liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment, it is possible to more easily and surely perform a transition from an undefined to a curved orientation than a conventional liquid crystal display device. This reason can be considered as follows. That is, compared with other parts, the migration regions 44, 45 of the liquid crystal array state formed in the first step have an unstable liquid crystal orientation. Because there is no requirement for the two orientation states of the discontinuous orientation and the curved orientation to be discontinuous, the transition between the two must pass through the potential energy wall. In the above-mentioned migration region, there is an instability factor in the liquid crystal arrangement, so Its potential energy wall is lower. Therefore, by applying the second electric field E2 here, a curved orientation state can be formed relatively easily. The higher the voltage 値 applied to the counter electrode, the shorter the transfer time, but on the other hand, it will cause a larger load on the power circuit. In terms of satisfying both conditions at the same time, practically, a voltage of 10 volts or more and 30 volts or less is preferred. The frequency starts at 0. 1Hz to 50Hz is preferred. The counter electrode is formed on the entire screen, and therefore contains a large electrical capacity. It is not desirable because a high frequency of several hundred Hz or more increases the power consumption and the load of polarity switching of the driving circuit. __________40____ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ·-丨 · 544649 A7 ^ --------- -V. Description of the invention (a /) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) In addition, in the above description, in terms of the preparation steps for initialization (transfer), the potential of the source electrode is set to 0 volts, Then, an ON potential is applied to the gate electrode, so that the TFT is turned on. The effect of this preparation step is to obtain stable transfer characteristics by setting the liquid crystal array state to be equal each time when the machine starts to operate, but this step can be omitted depending on the situation. The reason is that the transfer operation can be performed in accordance with the first and second steps described above. In addition, in FIG. 26, the protruding electrode 3 and the pixel electrode 10 do not completely overlap. If there is a void portion 4, a g-rotation is added to the liquid crystal molecule. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 46, even one of the protruding electrodes 3 The portion may overlap the pixel electrode 10. [Embodiment 2-2] Fig. 32 is a sectional view for explaining the operation of the liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 2-2. The figure corresponds to FIG. 30 in the description of the first embodiment. In this embodiment, in the first embodiment, a potential is also applied to the pixel electrodes, so that an electric field E3 in the plane of the substrate is also generated in the second gap portion 71 between the protruding electrode 3 and the pixel electrode 10. As a result, a new migration region 72 is generated in the migration regions 44 and 45 of the conventional liquid crystal alignment state. As for the first embodiment, the first effect of this embodiment is that the number of migration areas increases, so the probability of starting the transfer increases, and the transfer can be performed more reliably. The second effect ’is due to the new migration area 72. It is close to the pixel electrode 10 ', so the pixel area of the display is actually transferred using the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 male Si " A7 544649 ____ B7_. One, five, the description of the invention (), will be completed faster, As a result, the time during which the machine can start operating can be shortened. Third, because there is no gap between the electrodes on the substrate 22 side, the pixel electrode portion generates a stable vertical electric field when a voltage is applied to the counter electrode, because A new transition area 72 is provided near the pixel electrode portion, so that the transition can be performed more stably. In this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the source (source) preparation step is the source The potential of the electrode is set to 0 volts, and then an ON potential of about 15 to 20 volts is added to the gate electrode to turn the TFT on. At this time, the potentials of the common electrode and the protruding electrode are set to 0 volt, and the protruding If the electrode, source wiring, and pixel electrode are set to the same potential (0 volts), no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer of the pixel portion and the source wiring portion. This step, as in As explained in the first embodiment, it may be omitted as appropriate. In the first step, an ON voltage is applied to the gate electrode, and then a positive voltage (for example, +5 volts) is applied to the source wiring to charge the pixel electrode to +5. The second step is to apply an on voltage to the gate electrode, and then apply a negative voltage (for example, -5 volts) to the source wiring to charge the pixel electrode to -5 volts. After these steps, the common wiring and The potential of the protruding electrode is set to 0 volts, and then as shown in FIG. 32, an electric field E1 is generated between the protruding electrode 3 and the source wiring 5, and an electric field E3 is generated between the protruding electrode 3 and the pixel electrode 10. The electric field is generated in a direction substantially parallel to the substrate, so the liquid crystal molecules 41, 73 in the central portion of the liquid crystal layer in the gap portions 4, 71 _____42____ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order --------- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 544649 A7 ______B7_____ V. Description of the invention (今 \) will be rotated in the in-plane direction, causing twists in the two gaps The third step is to repeat the first and second steps. By doing this, the voltage applied to the gap is changed to an alternating current. The fourth step is to apply a voltage to the counter electrode to make the liquid crystal layer vertical. The electric field on the substrate surface allows the liquid crystal molecules to operate from the substrate surface. Thus, similar to the first embodiment, a vertical electric field is applied to form a curve near the gaps 4, 71 to which the transverse electric field is applied. Orientation section, while the curved orientation section mainly diffuses toward the pixel electrode, and finally the entire pixel will become curved orientation. If the liquid crystal display device according to this embodiment mode is easier and more reliable than the conventional liquid crystal display device, Provides a transfer to the direction of the song. [Embodiment 2-3] Fig. 33 is a plan view illustrating a structure of one pixel for explaining the operation of the liquid crystal display device of Embodiment 2-3. This figure corresponds to FIG. 26 in the description of the first embodiment. In the first or second embodiment, the protruding electrode has a linear shape, and a direction in which an electric field is applied to a gap portion around the protruding electrode is a direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal alignment direction. In the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 33, the edge portions of the protruding electrode 3, the source wiring, and the pixel electrode 10 are formed into a curved shape, and the electric field direction 81 shown by an arrow in the figure is vertical. A gap portion 4 · 82 is formed in a region formed by the orientation direction of the liquid crystal toward the right rotation direction and a region formed by the left rotation direction. Compared with the effects of the first and second embodiments of this embodiment, the _ ^ __ 43 _ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) '" " (Please read the back first Please note this page before filling in this page) nnn I— nnfnn I— nnn ϋ I n-544649 A7 _____ B7_ _ V. Description of the invention ((Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Areas that are rightwardly rotated and areas that are leftwardly surely formed can be transferred stably. The effects of forming liquid crystals in the right and leftwardly rotating regions in the gap portion will be described below. Line- First, the problem of the liquid crystal molecules during the transfer operation when the liquid crystal molecules do not rotate or have a twisted structure in the substrate will be described. FIG. 34 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules in the transfer operation in this case. When the liquid crystal molecules 91 are in the initial state, there is no specified orientation as shown in Fig. 34 (a). When a voltage is applied between the electrodes on the upper and lower substrates, the liquid crystal molecules are aligned in parallel with the electric field. The crystal molecules will generate rotational torque as shown in Figure 34 (b). The direction of the torque is related to the direction of the tilt angle of the liquid crystal molecules when no voltage is applied. The liquid crystal molecules 92 in the upper half are clockwise rotating torque, and the lower half The liquid crystal molecules 93 in the part are rotated in the counterclockwise direction. The liquid crystal molecules 94 at the center of the upper and lower substrates have no specific rotation direction because their initial state is parallel to the substrate. Finally, it becomes as shown in Figure 34 (c) The curved orientation is shown, but two regions, such as the region through which the liquid crystal molecules 94 in the central portion of the liquid crystal layer rotate when the clockwise state and the region through which the clockwise state is counterclockwise, are generated. Therefore, the transfer occurs It will be unstable, and it will take time during the transfer, and the parallax lines between the two areas will remain in the display period, which causes the low contrast. In the first and second embodiments, there is no requirement for the rules shown in FIG. 35. The liquid crystal applies an electric field in the horizontal direction to obtain the orientation of the twisted state shown in FIG. 36, and then applies an electric field in the direction of the substrate normal to perform the transfer operation. The sectional view shown is in the center of the liquid crystal layer when a transverse electric field is applied ------ 44_______ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 544649 B7 V. Description of the invention ( β) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) The left side of some liquid crystal molecules rotates toward the front, and the right side rotates toward the inside. The torque effect diagram. See the liquid crystal molecule rotation from the bottom to the top of the figure In the orientation, the liquid crystal molecules in the lower half of the cross-section are twisted 90 degrees clockwise (hereinafter referred to as R90 °), and the liquid crystal molecules in the upper half are twisted 90 degrees counterclockwise (hereinafter referred to as L90 °). . At this time, because the inclination angles of the liquid crystal molecules at the interface of the upper and lower substrates cancel each other, the liquid crystal molecules 101 in the center of the liquid crystal layer hardly stand up to the substrate, so the inclination angle is approximately 0 degrees. Therefore, when an electric field in the direction normal to the substrate is applied, the upright direction of the liquid crystal molecules is not fixed, so unstable transfer may occur. FIG. 37 shows that in the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, the horizontal direction is applied A cross-sectional view of the alignment of liquid crystal molecules in an electric field. In this embodiment, the rotation direction of the liquid crystal molecules in the center of the liquid crystal layer is adjacent to the two different regions. The picture shows this connecting part. On the left side of the figure, the rotating torque causes the left side of the liquid crystal molecules in the center of the liquid crystal layer to rotate toward the front and the right side to rotate toward the inside. The lower half is divided into R90 ° and the upper half is divided into L90 °. Of the state. On the other hand, on the right side of the figure, the rotation torque causes the left side of the liquid crystal molecules in the center of the liquid crystal layer to rotate toward the inside, and the right side to the front direction. The lower half is divided into L90 ° and the upper half is divided into R90 °. As these areas are adjacent to each other, as shown by the dotted line in the figure, the part on the left half of R90 ° and the part on the right top R90 ° are accompanied by the thermal shaking of the liquid crystal molecules and the switching of the AC electric field. The liquid crystal molecules are shaken, etc., and they may be combined with each other. In this area, the liquid crystal molecules are continuously twisted to the right when viewed from the lower substrate to the upper substrate. ____ 45_ This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 544649 A7 _______B7___ V. Invention Explain the state of Qk) turning 180 degrees (R180 °). At this time, due to the influence of the inclination of the interface between the upper and lower substrates, the inclination of the liquid crystal molecules 101 in the center of the liquid crystal layer occurs. If this area is formed, the transfer can easily occur. FIG. 38 shows this state. As shown in (a), liquid crystal molecules 101 in the central portion generate an inclination angle, and by applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer twisted to a 180-degree state, according to (b) It is shown that the liquid crystal molecules 101 in the central portion are lifted up in a stable direction, and as a result, the bent state shown in (c) can be easily formed. In the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, a 180-degree twisted state is formed as the beginning of the transition, but since a chiral material for forming a twisted state is not added, it is in the orientation of the liquid crystal after the transition occurs. There is almost no twist structure, and a good curved orientation can be maintained even when the applied voltage is low. Therefore, there are no problems such as a decrease in the viewing angle characteristic, a color during white display, and a slow response speed. In the above description, the twist angles of the upper half and the lower half are 90 degrees, respectively, but they are not limited thereto. The twisting angle of the liquid crystal in the bonding area is determined by the orientation of the liquid crystal on the upper and lower substrate interfaces. Therefore, if the orientation processing is performed in parallel, it has nothing to do with the original twisting angle of the upper and lower parts, and the twisting angle becomes 180 degrees. Therefore, when the liquid crystal molecules in the central portion receive reverse torsional forces in the two regions when a transverse electric field is applied, it is possible to form a good bending state regardless of the twist state of the upper and lower portions. The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment is driven in the same manner as described in the second embodiment. In this way, regions with opposite torsional electric fields can be formed in the gap portions 4.82, respectively, and good transfer characteristics can be obtained. ____46___ This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) • laj · -line 544649 A7 ____B7 ______ V. Description of the invention (g) [Embodiment 2-4] FIG. 39 is a plan view showing the structure of one pixel for explaining the operation of the liquid crystal display device according to Embodiment 2-4. In this embodiment, as in the third embodiment, a region formed by the electric field direction 81 indicated by the arrow in the figure is formed in the gap portion 4 by rotating in a direction perpendicular to the orientation direction of the liquid crystal, and by rotating to the left. The area is equal to the two areas. In the third embodiment, such a region is formed by bending the gap portions on both sides of the protruding electrode 3, but in this embodiment, the gap portions are bent only between the protruding electrode 3 and the source wiring 5. Thereby, the pixel electrode 10 can be enlarged, and the aperture ratio can be increased for a brighter display. The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment is driven in the same manner as that described in the first embodiment, for example. The liquid crystal display device of this embodiment is also the same as that of the third embodiment, and it is possible to use a chiral structure without the addition of a chiral material to induce a twisting configuration. Therefore, almost no twisted structure remains in the alignment of the liquid crystal after the transfer occurs, so that a good curved alignment can be maintained even when the applied voltage is low. Therefore, there are no problems such as a decrease in the viewing angle characteristic, a color during white display, and a slow response speed. In addition, this embodiment is also the same as the third embodiment. The torsional angle between the upper half and the lower half is limited to 90 degrees. When a transverse electric field is applied, the liquid crystal molecules in the central portion receive the reverse direction in two regions. When twisting, it has nothing to do with the twisting state of the upper and lower parts, but can form a good bending state. ___. _ 47 ___ Please read it first

I 本頁訂線本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 A7 _ __B7_ 五、發明說明（/^) [實施形態2-5] 圖40爲用來說明實施形態2-5液晶顯示裝置之動作之剖面圖。本實施形態，係將第1實施形態中，在全區域中對向配置之對向電極28中，將在空隙部4 · 152附近之部分去除。藉此，圖40所示之剖面中，對向電極被分爲28a 與 28b。於圖中之對向電極28a，28b與突出電極3之間施加電壓，則電場E1與E3中會產生傾斜方向之成分，因此液晶層中央之液晶分子151，會一邊傾斜於電場之傾斜方向一邊進行扭轉定向。之後，透過薄膜電晶體6對像素電極10 施加電位，藉由在與對向電極28b之間施加縱電場，來進行轉移。本實施形態中，因爲在空隙部施加斜方向之電場，因此在施加縱電場時，液晶層中央之液晶分子的揚起方向一定。因此，如第3實施形態之圖34之說明般，不會有不安定之液晶轉移以及耗費時間等問題。此外，上述說明中，雖係藉去除對向電極的一部分來形成傾斜電場成分，但在突出電極與像素電極之間、或突出電極與信號配線之間的高低位準不同時，亦能獲得相同效果。此高低差，最好是在1微米以上，若在1微米以上的話，即能獲得良好之結果。此構成，例如可以將設置在信號配線上之第2絕緣層設爲絕緣樹脂來形成。 [實施形態2-6] 第3或是第4實施形態中，例如圖33與圖39所示， _______48____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) . · 線_ 544649 A7 ___B7_ 五、發明說明（y ) 說明了在空隙部中作出俯視下電場方向由與液晶定向垂直之方向朝右旋轉所形成之區域’以及朝左旋轉所形成之區域等之兩區域。藉此，將在圖37之剖面圖中，存在於對角上，右旋90度(R90° )之液晶，或是左旋90度(L90° )之液晶之部分會結合，以形成180度之扭轉狀態使轉移更爲容易。不過，由於右旋或是左旋之任一個之結合並無充分的選擇性，因此雖然不多但仍存在不安定因素。本實施形態，爲將在第5實施形態所示之構成，亦即如圖40所示在施加橫電場時，在剖面圖中產生傾斜方向之成分之構成，與第3或是第4實施形態中說明之構成相組合之實施形態。因爲傾斜電場之存在，因此右旋180度 (R180° )與左旋180度(L180° )之中之任一個，會因爲能量而變的安定，因此在各區域中，可以選擇扭轉狀態之任一個，而能進行較第3或第4實施形態更安定之轉移。 [實施形態2-7] 上述各實施形態中，首先加入橫電場，然後加入縱電場來進行了轉移，但無論在任一實施形態中，對像素區域施加縱電場後再施加橫電場之方法皆有效。此時，施加縱電場後，等待數微秒到1秒左右之時間，在像素區域之液晶大致成爲揚起狀態時，在突出電極附近施加橫電場，來使得液晶旋轉。使用圖26與圖27，來說明具體方法之一例。首先，在初始化(轉移)準備步驟中，將源電極爲設爲〇伏特，然 ____ 49____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ------1---I--Αν* I I I ---I --------I I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544649 A7 _____ __B7 ________ 五、發明說明（0) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 後對閘電極賦予15〜20伏特左右之ON電位，使TFT成爲ON狀態。此時，將共用電極與突出電極之電位設爲0 伏特，並將突出電極、源極配線、像素電極設爲相同電位 (0伏特），來使像素部與源極配線部之液晶層中，沒有施加電場。此步驟，可視情形予以省略。第2步驟，係在共用配線2上施加+25伏特，則突出電極3之電位亦成爲+25伏特，此附近之縱電場大致消失，同時，在突出電極3與源極配線5之間，以及突出電極 3與像素電極10之間，施加橫電場。作爲第3步驟，若一邊使薄膜電晶體6成爲ON狀態一邊對源極配線5供給電壓的話，像素電極10之電位即變動使橫電場成分交流化。此步驟，可視情形予以省略。又，第3步驟中，若將像素電極電位設定爲成跨於對向電極之電位(+25伏特)的話，雖能施加以對向電極電位爲中心之理想的交流電壓，但源極側之驅動1C即要求大的輸出電壓。爲了避免此狀況，可以將像素電極電位，設爲例如在+ 5伏特與-5伏特之間交流。此時，該交流成分即發揮橫電場之作用，與對向電極(+25伏特)之間，平均電壓與 0伏特間之電場即作用爲縱電場。又，可以將對向電極28與共用電極2設爲相同電位，使之在+ 25伏特與-25伏特間交流驅動。本實施形態之液晶顯示裝置中，可以較習知之裝置更容易且確實地進行由無規定向到曲定向之轉移。又，上述任一實施形態中，施加橫電場之區域被限定 ____50_____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 A7 --- -B7__ 五、發明說明（4/) 在突出電極附近，因此可以防止橫電場到達像素區域之內部，而使得對比等光學特性之低下。此外，縱電場之施加區域爲全面性的，因爲亦包含橫電場區域或是其週邊之遷移區域，因此有可以平滑地開始轉移之優點。 [實施形態2-8] 上述任一實施形態中，若遷移部分與橫電場產生部之週邊產生無規定向的話，即不需要橫電場。本實施形態中，在轉移擴散至某一程度後，調整供應至源極配線之電壓，來停止橫電場、或使橫電場之強度變弱。據此，可以防止因橫電場之影響使已產生之曲定向變亂而產生顯示異常、或對比之降低，此外，亦可削減用來產生橫電場所需之電力。更具體地來說，在第1實施形態到第6實施形態中，例如在施加縱電場數微秒到數十微秒後，能有效的停止源極電壓之施加。第7實施形態中，例如在施加縱電場數微秒到數十微秒後，可有效地停止源極電壓之施加。 [實施形態2-9] 上述第1到第8之實施形態之液晶顯示裝置，係以黑色矩陣形成了遮光部，以遮蔽因橫電場使液晶定向變化的區域。具體來說，在圖27中係以覆蓋間隙部4、圖32中係以覆蓋間隙部4 · 71之方式，圖40則以覆蓋間隙部4 · 150之方式，形成了黑色矩陣30。貫際上液晶顯不裝置在進彳了顯不時’依據所要顯示之 ______51______ 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂： -丨線- 544649 A7 __ —__B7__ 五、發明說明（θ ) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 圖案，源極配線、共用配線、像素電極上會有各種電位，於該等之空隙部中產生橫電場。藉由用黑色矩陣來將此部分加以覆盡，來將液晶因爲橫電場所產生之光外洩給遮蔽，而可以進行對比度高之顯示。此外，圖26中，若更進一步地將突出電極3與像素電極10間之部分加以遮光的話，將更有效果。 [實施形態2-10] 上述各實施形態中，若在液晶中加入少許之手性材料料，來使得將特定方向之扭轉作成在能量上具優勢，則可以得到更好之轉移特性。習知例之液晶顯示裝置中，雖添加了一定量(未對液晶層施加電場時，180度扭轉亦安定之量)的手性材料，但本實施形態中，則係將手性材料之添加量抑制在未施加電場時’無扭轉之無規定向亦安定的量。習知構成中，因爲添加有大量之手性材料，因此在轉移產生後液晶之定向中會殘留扭轉構造，當施加之電壓低時’會有曲定向損毀、視野角特性之降低、白顯示之著色 '回應速度之降低等問題產生。另一方面，本實施形態中 ’因爲手性材料之添加量少，因此在轉移產生後，液晶之定向中幾乎沒有殘留扭轉構造，因此即使施加之電壓地時 ’亦不會損毀曲定向。因此，不會產生視野角特性降低、白顯示之著色、回應速度降低等問題。以下，說明本實施形態之轉移特性。如實施形態3中 -；-；-----52—_ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 A7 -------B7___ 五、發明說明（以） ’所使用之圖37與圖38所示，在施加橫電場或是橫電場與;f從電場時，若特定之扭轉方向成爲優勢的話，轉移特性即會提昇。本實施形態中，由於藉手性材料之電場施加時 ’左右中任一扭轉在能量上成爲安定形態，因此優勢端之扭轉構造易被誘起，而能獲得良好之轉移性能。其次，說明手性材料之添加量。設添加了手性材料之液晶材料的自發節距爲Ps，單元(cell)厚度爲d，則液晶分子之自然扭轉角p可以下式表示。 9==±360X(d/Ps) (度）正負號係顯示扭轉之方向。另一方面，OCB型液晶顯示裝置中，定向處理爲平行方向。因此，實際上未施加電壓時扭轉角度被限定爲0度、土360度、…。若φ在±90度之間，則實際之扭轉角爲0 度，當超過90度時，180度之扭轉會成爲安定。因此，若當Ps成爲單元厚度之4倍以上時，扭轉角爲0度之無規定向變得安定。滿足此條件之手性材料添加量，因爲Ps與手性材料添加量之間大致爲反比之關係，因此可以使用此來決定，亦可由手性之節距實測値來決定。又，當上述範圍內手性之添加量過多時，在動作中會殘留扭轉構造，而使得顯示性能中有若干惡化之情形發生，因此，手性添加量少一點較好。根據實驗，最好是能設定手性添加量使Ps在30度以下，若在10度以下時，可獲得更高之畫質。 _____53______ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） H· 1^ n n ·ϋ n n· ϋ —.1 ti ime ί I 1 >1·— n 1 a^l m n 1 ^ I n ΛβΜ§ ϋ— HI —ϋ I— mmMmmt I n (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 544649 A7 ________B7_____ 五、發明說明下） [實施形態2-11] (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •t述各實施形態中，當改變橫電場與縱電場之施加頻率時’轉移性能之安定性獲得了提昇。當縱電場與橫電場之施加頻率相等時，因爲會產生相互電場間之干擾，因此會有因兩電場之相位差使得無法獲得充分之轉移特性的情形。若根據本實施形態，則可防止此種干擾，獲得安定的轉移性能。當錯開二個電場之頻率時，最好是將橫電場之頻率設定的較高，將縱電場之頻率設定的較低。第1理由，係因縱電場會在一方作爲對向電極而產生於大面積，其容量負荷較大，若提高頻率則電源之負載會變大之故。另一方面，橫電場因電場施加部分受到限制，容量負荷較小。第2 理由，係因橫電場會有視情況縮短施加時間之情形，因此若頻率低時會殘留直流成分，而會成爲顯示不均之原因。 -•線· 依據實驗，橫電場爲10Hz以上，最好是30Hz以上時，可得到良好之結果。縱電場爲0.1Hz到50Hz左右之間，最好是0.1Hz到10Hz之間，以較橫電場之頻率低者爲佳。 [實施形態2-12] 圖41，係在上述各實施形態中說明之任一液晶裝置 163中，設置控制部與介面部(I/F)所成之液晶終端機169。液晶顯示裝置具有面板部161與背光部163。165爲電源開關。介面部接收影像信號164，並送至控制部。控制部將影像顯示用之顯示控制信號166送至面板部，並將背光控 __54_____ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 544649 A7 ______B7 五、發明說明（^丨）制信號168送至背光部。本實施形態之液晶終端機中，將初始化控制信號167 供給至面板部進行轉移。液晶顯示裝置及其轉移操作，可以使用在上述第1到第10實施形態中所說明之方法。當打開電源開關165、或在恢復後的準備時，初始化控制信號被送至面板部，進行轉移操作。此等時候，使背光之點亮較轉移操作略微遲緩，即能不讓使用者看見轉移時畫面的雜亂，而進行轉移操作。此外，在恢復時，雖然背光爲 OFF狀態，亦未送出影像信號，但可預先供給初始化信號、定期的進行轉移操作，即能縮短再使用時的準備時間。 [實施形態2-13] 圖42,係將上述各實施形態中說明之任一液晶顯示裝置163與CPU組合，並設置來自鍵盤、滑鼠、數位板等之輸入信號171之處理部的附液晶顯示裝置之電腦172。其他部分，則與實施形態12相同的動作。本實施形態之附液晶顯示裝置之電腦，亦與實施形態 12相同地，將初始化控制信號167供給至面板部來進行轉移。液晶顯示裝置及其轉移操作，可以使用上述第1到第 1〇實施形態中所說明之方法。在初始化時，使背光之點亮較轉移操作略微遲緩，即能不讓使用者看見轉移時畫面的雜亂，而進行轉移操作，以及在恢復時，使背光爲OFF狀態而預先供給初始化信號以定期的進行轉移操作，來縮短再使用時的準備時間等，皆與上述說明相同。 ___55___ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂. 線· 544649 B7 五、發明說明（代）此外，藉相同之方塊圖的構成，可以組成附液晶顯示裝置之行動終端機。此時，當時用電池驅動時，不需要圖中之電源線。 [實施形態2-14] 圖43,係於上述各實施形態中說明之任一液晶顯示裝置163中，設置選台部與介面部(I/F)而成爲液晶電視等之影像顯示機器182。液晶顯示裝置與第11實施形態相同，包含有面板部161與背光部162。165爲電源開關。選台部接收影像信號181，然後送至控制部。控制部將影像顯示用之顯示控制信號166送至面板部，並將背光控制信號 168送至背光部。本實施形態之液晶電視中，將初始化控制信號167供給至面板部進行轉移。液晶顯示裝置及其轉移操作，可以使用在上述第1到第10實施形態中所說明之方法。當切入主電源開關165,以及以遙控器之開關來開始顯示動作時，初始化控制信號被送至面板部，進行轉移之操作。此等情形時，使背光之點亮較轉移操作略微遲緩，即能不讓使用者看見轉移時畫面的雜亂，而進行轉移操作。此外，在遙控器之開關將顯示設爲OFF時，雖然背光爲OFF狀態，亦未送出影像信號’但可預先供給初始化信號、定期的進行轉移操作，即能縮短以遙控器開關重新顯示時的準備時間。 "τ^__56____ 本'紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) . -·線 544649 A7 ___B7____________ 五、發明說明) [發明效果] 如以上之說明，本發明之液晶顯示裝置，係液晶分子之定向與未施加電壓時不同的狀態下，在顯示中動作，其特徵在於，具備：產生第1電場、以使液晶分子朝包含基板面內之扭轉成分之方向旋轉的第1電場產生機構，以及產生電場、以使前述液晶分子由基板面揚起的第2電場產生機構。據此，藉對液晶施加包含扭轉成分之電場，來作出扭轉定向、或是類似扭轉定向之定向，而能容易的進行至顯示中定向狀態的轉移。此外，本發明之液晶顯示裝置之驅動方法，係依序進行藉第1電場使液晶分子朝包含扭轉成分之方向旋轉的第 1步驟，藉第2電場使液晶分子於大致垂直基板面之方向揚起的第2步驟。藉此，第1步驟中，藉對液晶施加包含扭轉成分之電場，來作出扭轉狀態或是類似扭轉狀態之定向，來進行轉移至顯示中之定向狀態。第2步驟中，藉由縱電場而於此附近開始轉移，然後擴大成長轉移區域，進行顯示區域全體之轉移。根據此等步驟，可以容易地轉移到顯示中之定向狀態。本發明之液晶顯示裝置之另一驅動方法，係依序進行藉第1電場使液晶分子於大致垂直基板面之方向揚起的第 1步驟，以及藉第2電場使液晶分子朝包含扭轉成分之方向旋轉的第2步驟。據此，第1步驟中，藉由施加縱電場，使縱電場施加區域之液晶分子成爲揚起的狀態。第2步驟中，施加包含扭轉成分之電場，作成扭轉定向或是類似 ______57___ 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) I -------訂 *--------*5^ 丨 544649 A7 _____ B7_ 五、發明說明（A) 扭轉狀態之定向，並作出至顯示時定向狀態之遷移狀態，以作爲轉移核心來動作。根據該等步驟，可以容易地轉移到顯不中之定向狀態。上述說明中，以液晶5之OCB模式之液晶爲例加以說明。但是，本發明不限於OCB模式之液晶，在顯示狀態之定向狀態與非顯示狀態之定向狀態不同，且在顯示畫面前 ’必須有初始動作將非顯示狀態之定向狀態轉移到顯示狀態之定向狀態之液晶中，皆可使用。根據上述說明，熟習此技術之業者，當淸楚本發明之許多改良與其他實施形態。因此，上述說明僅爲一例，以提供實施本發明之最佳形態給業者爲目的。因此，可以不脫離本發明之精神，而實質地變更其構成以及詳細之功能 [產業上之可利用性] 本發明之液晶顯示裝置以及其驅動方法，可以用在寬視野角且高速回應之液晶電視、液晶終端機、或是行動電話之液晶顯示螢幕等。 _______58 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) Ίβιν .I Alignment on this page The paper dimensions are in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 544649 A7 _ __B7_ V. Description of the invention (/ ^) [Embodiment 2-5] Figure 40 is used to explain the implementation Section 2-5 Operation of a liquid crystal display device. In this embodiment, in the first embodiment, the portion of the counter electrode 28 which is arranged to face each other in the entire area is removed from the vicinity of the void portion 4 · 152. As a result, the counter electrode is divided into 28a and 28b in the cross section shown in FIG. 40. When a voltage is applied between the opposing electrodes 28a, 28b and the protruding electrode 3 in the figure, components in the oblique direction are generated in the electric fields E1 and E3. Therefore, the liquid crystal molecules 151 in the center of the liquid crystal layer are inclined while being inclined in the oblique direction of the electric field Perform twist orientation. Thereafter, a potential is applied to the pixel electrode 10 through the thin film transistor 6 and a vertical electric field is applied between the pixel electrode 10 and the counter electrode 28b to perform a transfer. In this embodiment, an electric field in an oblique direction is applied to the gap portion. Therefore, when a vertical electric field is applied, the direction of raising the liquid crystal molecules in the center of the liquid crystal layer is constant. Therefore, as described with reference to Fig. 34 of the third embodiment, there are no problems such as unstable liquid crystal transfer and time consuming. In addition, although the oblique electric field component is formed by removing a part of the counter electrode in the above description, the same can be obtained when the level between the protruding electrode and the pixel electrode or between the protruding electrode and the signal wiring is different. effect. The height difference is preferably 1 micron or more, and if it is 1 micron or more, good results can be obtained. This structure can be formed by using, for example, a second insulating layer provided on the signal wiring as an insulating resin. [Embodiment 2-6] In the third or fourth embodiment, for example, as shown in Fig. 33 and Fig. 39, _______48____ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read first Note on the back, please fill out this page again.) · Line _ 544649 A7 ___B7_ V. Description of the invention (y) Explains the area formed by the electric field direction in the gap portion formed by rotating to the right from the direction perpendicular to the liquid crystal orientation. Two areas, such as the area formed by rotating to the left. As a result, in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 37, the parts of the liquid crystal that exist on the diagonal at a right angle of 90 degrees (R90 °) or the liquid crystal of 90 degrees left (L90 °) will be combined to form 180 degrees. Reversing the state makes the transition easier. However, since the combination of either right-handedness or left-handedness is not sufficiently selective, there are still instability factors although not many. This embodiment has a structure shown in the fifth embodiment, that is, a structure that generates a component in an oblique direction in a cross-sectional view when a transverse electric field is applied as shown in FIG. 40, and is the same as the third or fourth embodiment. An embodiment in which the components described in the above are combined. Because of the existence of the oblique electric field, any one of right-handed 180 degrees (R180 °) and left-handed 180 degrees (L180 °) will be stable due to energy. Therefore, in each area, you can choose any of the twisted states. , And can perform a more stable transfer than the third or fourth embodiment. [Embodiment 2-7] In each of the above embodiments, a horizontal electric field is added first, and then a vertical electric field is added to perform the transfer. However, in any embodiment, the method of applying a vertical electric field to a pixel area and then applying a horizontal electric field is effective. . At this time, after applying a vertical electric field, wait a few microseconds to about 1 second, and when the liquid crystal in the pixel region is substantially raised, a horizontal electric field is applied near the protruding electrode to rotate the liquid crystal. An example of a specific method will be described using FIG. 26 and FIG. 27. First, in the initialization (transfer) preparation step, set the source electrode to 0 volts, but ____ 49____ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ------ 1 --- I--Αν * III --- I -------- II (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 544649 A7 _____ __B7 ________ V. Description of the invention (0) (please first Read the precautions on the back and fill in this page again.) Then apply an ON potential of about 15 to 20 volts to the gate electrode to turn the TFT on. At this time, the potential of the common electrode and the protruding electrode is set to 0 volts, and the protruding electrode, the source wiring, and the pixel electrode are set to the same potential (0 volt), so that the liquid crystal layer between the pixel portion and the source wiring portion, No electric field is applied. This step can be omitted as appropriate. In the second step, when +25 volts is applied to the common wiring 2, the potential of the protruding electrode 3 also becomes +25 volts, and the vertical electric field in the vicinity is almost disappeared. At the same time, between the protruding electrode 3 and the source wiring 5, and A lateral electric field is applied between the protruding electrode 3 and the pixel electrode 10. As a third step, if a voltage is applied to the source wiring 5 while the thin-film transistor 6 is turned on, the potential of the pixel electrode 10 is changed and the transverse electric field component is exchanged. This step can be omitted as appropriate. In the third step, if the pixel electrode potential is set to a potential (+25 volts) across the counter electrode, although an ideal AC voltage centered on the counter electrode potential can be applied, Driving 1C requires a large output voltage. To avoid this, the pixel electrode potential can be set to, for example, communicate between +5 volts and -5 volts. At this time, the AC component acts as a horizontal electric field, and the electric field between the average voltage and 0 volts between the opposing electrode (+25 volts) acts as a vertical electric field. In addition, the counter electrode 28 and the common electrode 2 may be set to the same potential, and may be driven by alternating current between +25 volts and -25 volts. In the liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, it is easier and more reliable to perform the transition from the undefined to the curved orientation than the conventional device. In addition, in any of the above embodiments, the area where the transverse electric field is applied is limited ____50_____ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 544649 A7 --- -B7__ V. Description of the invention (4 /) In the vicinity of the protruding electrode, it is possible to prevent the transverse electric field from reaching the inside of the pixel region, and to lower the optical characteristics such as contrast. In addition, the application area of the vertical electric field is comprehensive, because it also includes the horizontal electric field area or its surrounding migration area, so it has the advantage that it can start the transfer smoothly. [Embodiment 2-8] In any of the above embodiments, if there is no predetermined direction around the migration portion and the transverse electric field generating portion, the transverse electric field is not required. In this embodiment, after the transfer diffusion has reached a certain level, the voltage supplied to the source wiring is adjusted to stop or weaken the transverse electric field. According to this, it is possible to prevent display abnormality or a decrease in contrast caused by the disturbance of the orientation of the generated curve due to the influence of the transverse electric field, and it is also possible to reduce the power required to generate the transverse electric field. More specifically, in the first embodiment to the sixth embodiment, the application of the source voltage can be effectively stopped after a vertical electric field is applied for several microseconds to several tens of microseconds, for example. In the seventh embodiment, for example, the application of the source voltage can be effectively stopped after applying a longitudinal electric field for several microseconds to several tens of microseconds. [Embodiment 2-9] The liquid crystal display devices according to the first to eighth embodiments described above are formed with a black matrix in a black matrix to shield a region where the orientation of a liquid crystal changes due to a transverse electric field. Specifically, in FIG. 27, the gap portion 4 is covered, and in FIG. 32, the gap portion 4 · 71 is covered, and in FIG. 40, the black matrix 30 is formed so as to cover the gap portion 4 · 150. In the past, the liquid crystal display device was displayed from time to time according to the ______51______ to be displayed. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before (Fill in this page) Order:-丨 Line- 544649 A7 __ —__ B7__ 5. Description of the Invention (θ) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Patterns, there will be various patterns on the source wiring, common wiring, and pixel electrodes A potential generates a transverse electric field in the void portion. By covering this part with a black matrix, the liquid crystal can be leaked out due to the light generated by the horizontal electric field, and high contrast display can be performed. In addition, in FIG. 26, it is more effective if the portion between the protruding electrode 3 and the pixel electrode 10 is further shielded. [Embodiment 2-10] In each of the above embodiments, if a small amount of chiral material is added to the liquid crystal to make twisting in a specific direction advantageous in energy, better transfer characteristics can be obtained. Although a certain amount of chiral material is added to the conventional liquid crystal display device (a 180-degree twist is stable when no electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer), in this embodiment, the chiral material is added. The amount is restrained when no electric field is applied. In the conventional structure, because a large amount of chiral material is added, the twisted structure will remain in the orientation of the liquid crystal after the transfer occurs. When the applied voltage is low, there will be damage in curved orientation, reduction in viewing angle characteristics, and white display. Problems such as slowing down the response speed. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, 'because the addition amount of the chiral material is small, there is almost no twisted structure remaining in the orientation of the liquid crystal after the transfer occurs, so that even when a voltage is applied, the orientation is not damaged. Therefore, problems such as a reduction in viewing angle characteristics, a color of white display, and a decrease in response speed do not occur. The transfer characteristics of this embodiment will be described below. As in the third embodiment-;-; ----- 52—_ This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 544649 A7 ------- B7___ V. Description of the invention Figures 37 and 38 used by (') are used. When a transverse electric field or a transverse electric field is applied and f is from the electric field, if the specific twist direction becomes dominant, the transfer characteristics will be improved. In the present embodiment, when any one of the torsional twists becomes stable in energy when an electric field is applied from a chiral material, the torsional structure at the dominant end can be easily induced and good transfer performance can be obtained. Next, the amount of added chiral materials will be described. Assuming that the spontaneous pitch of the liquid crystal material to which a chiral material is added is Ps and the cell thickness is d, the natural twist angle p of the liquid crystal molecule can be expressed by the following formula. 9 == ± 360X (d / Ps) (degrees) The sign indicates the direction of twist. On the other hand, in the OCB type liquid crystal display device, the alignment processing is parallel. Therefore, when the voltage is not applied, the twist angle is limited to 0 degrees, 360 degrees, and so on. If φ is between ± 90 degrees, the actual twist angle is 0 degrees. When it exceeds 90 degrees, a twist of 180 degrees becomes stable. Therefore, if Ps becomes 4 times or more the thickness of the cell, the random direction with a twist angle of 0 degrees becomes stable. The amount of chiral material that satisfies this condition, because Ps is roughly inversely proportional to the amount of chiral material, so it can be determined by this, or it can be determined by the measured pitch of chirality. In addition, when the amount of chirality added in the above range is too large, a twist structure may remain during operation, which may cause some deterioration in display performance. Therefore, it is better to add a small amount of chirality. According to experiments, it is best to set the amount of chirality so that Ps is below 30 degrees. If it is below 10 degrees, higher image quality can be obtained. _____53______ This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) H · 1 ^ nn · ϋ nn · ϋ —.1 ti ime ί I 1 > 1 · — n 1 a ^ lmn 1 ^ I n ΛβΜ§ ϋ— HI —ϋ I— mmMmmt I n (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 544649 A7 ________B7_____ 5. The description of the invention] [Embodiment 2-11] (Please read the notes on the back first (Please fill in this page again for details) • In each of the embodiments described above, the stability of the transfer performance is improved when the applied frequency of the horizontal and vertical electric fields is changed. When the applied frequency of the longitudinal electric field and the transverse electric field are equal, interference between the electric fields will occur, so there may be cases where sufficient transfer characteristics cannot be obtained due to the phase difference between the two electric fields. According to this embodiment, such interference can be prevented and stable transfer performance can be obtained. When the frequencies of the two electric fields are staggered, it is better to set the frequency of the transverse electric field higher and the frequency of the longitudinal electric field lower. The first reason is that the longitudinal electric field is generated in a large area as a counter electrode on one side, and its capacity load is large. If the frequency is increased, the load on the power supply will increase. On the other hand, the transverse electric field is limited by the electric field application part, and the capacity load is small. The second reason is that the application time may be shortened depending on the horizontal electric field. Therefore, if the frequency is low, the DC component will remain, which will cause the display unevenness. -• Line · Based on experiments, good results can be obtained when the transverse electric field is 10 Hz or more, preferably 30 Hz or more. The longitudinal electric field is between about 0.1 Hz and 50 Hz, preferably between 0.1 Hz and 10 Hz, which is preferably lower than the frequency of the transverse electric field. [Embodiment 2-12] Fig. 41 is a liquid crystal terminal 169 provided with a control section and an interface (I / F) in any of the liquid crystal devices 163 described in the above embodiments. The liquid crystal display device includes a panel portion 161 and a backlight portion 163. 165 is a power switch. The interfacial surface receives the image signal 164 and sends it to the control unit. The control section sends the display control signal 166 for image display to the panel section, and controls the backlight __54_____ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 544649 A7 ______B7 V. Description of the invention (^丨) The control signal 168 is sent to the backlight. In the liquid crystal terminal according to this embodiment, the initialization control signal 167 is supplied to the panel section for transfer. The liquid crystal display device and its transfer operation can be performed by the methods described in the first to tenth embodiments. When the power switch 165 is turned on or in preparation for recovery, the initialization control signal is sent to the panel section to perform the transfer operation. At these times, turning on the backlight is slightly slower than the transfer operation, that is, the user can perform the transfer operation without seeing the clutter of the screen during the transfer. In addition, at the time of recovery, although the backlight is OFF, and no image signal is sent, the initialization signal can be supplied in advance and the transfer operation can be performed periodically, which can shorten the preparation time when it is reused. [Embodiment 2-13] FIG. 42 is a liquid crystal display with a processing unit that combines any of the liquid crystal display device 163 and the CPU described in the above embodiments, and is provided with an input signal 171 from a keyboard, a mouse, a tablet, and the like. Computer 172 for display device. The other operations are the same as those of the twelfth embodiment. In the computer with a liquid crystal display device of this embodiment, as in the embodiment 12, the initialization control signal 167 is supplied to the panel section for transfer. For the liquid crystal display device and the transfer operation, the method described in the first to tenth embodiments can be used. During initialization, turning on the backlight is slightly slower than the transfer operation, that is, it can prevent the user from seeing the clutter of the screen during the transfer, and perform the transfer operation, and during recovery, the backlight is turned off and an initialization signal is provided in advance to periodically The transfer operation to shorten the preparation time for re-use is the same as the above description. ___55___ This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Order. Line · 544649 B7 V. Description of the invention (generation) In addition, borrow the same The structure of the block diagram can constitute a mobile terminal with a liquid crystal display device. At this time, when using battery power at that time, the power cord in the picture is not needed. [Embodiment 2-14] Fig. 43 is an image display device 182 provided in any of the liquid crystal display devices 163 described in the above embodiments, including a channel selection section and an interface section (I / F), for example a liquid crystal television. The liquid crystal display device is the same as the eleventh embodiment, and includes a panel portion 161 and a backlight portion 162. 165 is a power switch. The channel selection unit receives the image signal 181 and sends it to the control unit. The control section sends a display control signal 166 for image display to the panel section and a backlight control signal 168 to the backlight section. In the liquid crystal television of the present embodiment, the initialization control signal 167 is supplied to the panel section for transfer. The liquid crystal display device and its transfer operation can be performed by the method described in the first to tenth embodiments. When the main power switch 165 is switched on, and the display operation is started by the switch of the remote control, the initialization control signal is sent to the panel section for the transfer operation. In these cases, the backlight is turned on slightly later than the transfer operation, that is, the user can perform the transfer operation without seeing the clutter of the screen during the transfer. In addition, when the display of the remote control switch is OFF, although the backlight is OFF, and no image signal is sent, but the initialization signal can be supplied in advance, and the transfer operation can be performed periodically, which can shorten the time when the remote control switch redisplays. Preparation time. " τ ^ __ 56____ This' paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page).-· Line 544649 A7 ___B7____________ 5. Description of the invention) [Effects of the Invention] As described above, the liquid crystal display device of the present invention operates in a display in a state where the orientation of liquid crystal molecules is different from that when no voltage is applied, and is characterized by including: generating a first electric field so that the liquid crystal A first electric field generating mechanism that rotates molecules in a direction including a torsional component in a substrate surface, and a second electric field generating mechanism that generates an electric field so that the liquid crystal molecules are raised from the substrate surface. Accordingly, by applying an electric field including a twist component to the liquid crystal to perform a twist orientation or an orientation similar to the twist orientation, the transition to the orientation state in the display can be easily performed. In addition, the driving method of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention sequentially performs the first step of rotating the liquid crystal molecules in a direction including a torsional component by a first electric field, and raising the liquid crystal molecules in a direction substantially perpendicular to the substrate surface by the second electric field. From step 2. Therefore, in the first step, the electric field including the twist component is applied to the liquid crystal to make a twisted state or an orientation similar to the twisted state, so as to shift to the aligned state in the display. In the second step, a vertical electric field is used to start the transfer in the vicinity, and then the growth transfer area is expanded to transfer the entire display area. According to these steps, it is easy to shift to the orientation state in the display. Another driving method of the liquid crystal display device of the present invention is to sequentially perform a first step of raising liquid crystal molecules in a direction substantially perpendicular to a substrate surface by a first electric field, and moving the liquid crystal molecules toward a portion containing a twisted component by a second electric field. Step 2 of Direction Rotation. Accordingly, in the first step, the liquid crystal molecules in the vertical electric field application region are brought into a raised state by applying a vertical electric field. In the second step, apply an electric field containing a torsional component to make a torsional orientation or similar. ______57___ This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling (This page) I ------- Order * -------- * 5 ^ 丨 544649 A7 _____ B7_ V. Description of the invention (A) Twist the orientation of the state and make the transition to the orientation state when displayed State to act as the core of the transition. According to these steps, it is possible to easily shift to a state of being invisible. In the above description, the liquid crystal in the OCB mode of the liquid crystal 5 is described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to the OCB mode liquid crystal. The orientation state of the display state is different from the orientation state of the non-display state, and there must be an initial action before the display screen to transfer the orientation state of the non-display state to the orientation state of the display state. Can be used in liquid crystal. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should understand many improvements and other embodiments of the present invention. Therefore, the above description is only an example, and it is for the purpose of providing the best mode for implementing the present invention. Therefore, without departing from the spirit of the present invention, its structure and detailed functions can be substantially changed. [Industrial Applicability] The liquid crystal display device of the present invention and its driving method can be used for liquid crystals with wide viewing angles and high-speed response. TV, LCD terminal, or LCD display of mobile phone. _______58 This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Ίβιν.

Claims

544649 C8 D8 VI. Patent application scope 1 · A liquid crystal display device, comprising: an array substrate having a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix in a front-inside direction, an inner direction, and either of the left and right directions, intersecting each other The plurality of source lines and the plurality of gate lines are provided on the foregoing pixel electrodes, have a gate connected to the gate line, a source connected to the source line, and a drain connected to the pixel electrode. And has a switching element that switches between the source electrode and the sink electrode according to a driving signal input from the gate electrode through the gate line; the counter substrate has a counter electrode opposite to the array substrate ; Liquid crystal, which is filled between the aforementioned array substrate and the opposite substrate, and the orientation state in the display state is different from the orientation state in the non-display state. Before displaying the image, it is necessary to perform the orientation from the non-display state to the display. Initialization of the directional state of the state; and the driving mechanism, by inputting two adjacent aforementioned images in the front-inside direction The polarity of the voltage of the element electrode is reversed to perform the foregoing initialization. 02. For example, the liquid crystal display device of the first scope of the patent application, in which the aforementioned driving mechanism is to input the polarity of the voltage of two pixel electrodes adjacent to each other in the left and right directions to be opposite. Way 'apply voltage to the aforementioned pixel electrode. 3. If the liquid crystal display device according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the driving mechanism described above is to input voltages of two pixel electrodes adjacent to each other in the left and right directions with the same polarity, then the pixel electrode applies a voltage. 4 · If the liquid crystal display device of the first patent application scope, wherein the aforementioned driving mechanism, during the application of voltage to the aforementioned pixel electrode, during the aforementioned period to the Chinese country (please read the precautions on the back before writing this page),- Mouth 1 544649 Jaw C8 D8 6. Apply for a certain voltage to the electrode. 5. The liquid crystal display device according to item 4 of the application, wherein the driving mechanism starts to apply a certain voltage to the counter electrode after starting to apply a voltage to the pixel electrode. 6. The liquid crystal display device according to item 5 of the application, wherein the driving mechanism starts to apply a certain voltage to the counter electrode after 50 microseconds have elapsed after the voltage is applied to the pixel electrode. 7. The liquid crystal display device according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein, among the two pixel electrodes adjacent to each other in the front side and the inner side, a first protrusion is provided on a side edge of the front side of the pixel electrode on the back side, and Among the two pixel electrodes adjacent to each other in the front side and the inner side, a second protrusion is provided on a side edge of the back side of the pixel electrode located on the front side. 8 · If the liquid crystal display device according to item 7 of the patent application, wherein the front end of the first protrusion is located forward than the front end of the second protrusion. 9 · If the liquid crystal display device of item 7 of the patent application, Among them, there are two first protruding portions, and the second protruding portion is between the two first protruding portions. 10 · The liquid crystal display device according to item 7 of the scope of patent application, wherein the first protruding portion and the second protruding portion are plural, and a second protruding portion is sandwiched between two adjacent first protruding portions. . 11. A liquid crystal display device, comprising: an array substrate having a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix in a front-inside direction and a left-right direction, and a plurality of pixel electrodes intersecting each other. This paper scale is applicable to China. National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before writing this page)-Yikou Line A8B8C8D8 544649 6. Patent application scope Source line and multiple gate lines, set Each of the foregoing pixel electrodes has a gate connected to the gate line, a source connected to the source line, and a drain connected to the pixel electrode, and the gate electrode is provided according to the input of the gate through the gate line. A switching element that drives a signal to switch between the source electrode and the drain electrode; a counter substrate having a counter electrode opposite to the array substrate; a liquid crystal that is filled in the array substrate and the counter substrate The orientation state between the display state and the non-display state is different. You need to enter the non-display state before displaying the image. The shape is not substantially oriented state to a state of orientation of the initialization state; and a drive mechanism, be inverted by the input train left and right directions of the two adjacent pixel electrodes of the voltage polarity to carry out the initialization. 12 · The liquid crystal display device according to item 11 of the patent application scope, wherein the driving mechanism applies a voltage to the pixel electrodes in such a manner that the polarities of the voltages of two pixel electrodes adjacent to each other in the front-inside direction are inputted. 13. The liquid crystal display device according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein the driving mechanism applies a voltage to the pixel electrodes in such a manner that the polarity of the voltages of two pixel electrodes adjacent to each other in the front-inside direction is input. 14. The liquid crystal display device according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein the driving mechanism applies a certain voltage to the counter electrode during the voltage application to the pixel electrode. 15 · The liquid crystal display device according to item 14 of the patent application scope, wherein the driving mechanism starts to apply a certain voltage to the counter electrode after the voltage is applied to the pixel electrode. 3 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) " (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page), -tx line 丨 Taiwan 544649 I Co D8 16 · The liquid crystal display device according to item 15 of the application, wherein the driving mechanism starts to apply a certain voltage to the counter electrode after 50 microseconds have elapsed after the voltage is applied to the pixel electrode. 17 · The liquid crystal display device according to item 11 of the patent application scope, wherein the right side edge of the pixel electrode on the left side of the two pixel electrodes adjacent to the left and right directions is provided with a third protruding portion, and Among the two adjacent pixel electrodes, the left side edge of the pixel electrode on the right side is provided with a fourth protrusion. 18. The liquid crystal display device according to item 17 of the patent application, wherein the front end of the third projection is located on the right side than the front end of the fourth projection. 19 · The liquid crystal display device according to item Π of the patent application, wherein there are two aforementioned third protrusions, and the aforementioned fourth protrusion is between the aforementioned two third protrusions. 20 · The liquid crystal display device according to item 17 of the E-sitting patent car E, wherein the third protrusion and the fourth protrusion are plural, and a fourth is sandwiched between two adjacent third protrusions. Protrusion. 21 · The liquid crystal display device according to item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the liquid crystal is an OCB mode liquid crystal. 22 · The liquid crystal display device according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein the aforementioned liquid crystal is an OCB mode liquid crystal. 23 · A driving method for a liquid crystal display device, the liquid crystal display device has: an array substrate having an array on the front side, the inner side, and any of the left and right 4 paper standards suitable for the national standard (CNS) A4 (21Q x 297) (Public cage) (Please read the precautions on the back before writing this page), \ έ 线 A8B8C8D8 544649 6. Multiple pixel electrodes in the direction of the patent application and arranged in a matrix, multiple source lines and multiples crossing each other An epipolar line is provided on each of the aforementioned pixel electrodes, having a gate connected to the aforementioned gate line and a source connected to the aforementioned source line and a drain connected to the aforementioned pixel electrode, and has A switching element for inputting a driving signal of the gate electrode to switch between the source electrode and the drain electrode; an opposite substrate having an opposite electrode opposite to the array substrate; a liquid crystal, which is charged in the array The orientation state between the substrate and the aforementioned opposing substrate and when the display state is different from the orientation state when the display is not displayed. It illustrates the orientation state of the oriented state display state of the state initialization; characterized in that: the input line voltage polarity by the front side of the inner direction • the pixel electrodes of adjacent two of the initialization to be inverted. 24. A driving method of a liquid crystal display device having an array substrate having a plurality of pixel electrodes arranged in a matrix in a front-inside direction and a left-right direction and a plurality of source electrodes crossing each other An electrode line and a plurality of gate lines are provided in the foregoing pixel electrodes, have a gate connected to the gate line, a source connected to the source line, and a drain connected to the pixel electrode, and have a basis A switching element that inputs a driving signal of the gate through the gate line and switches between the source electrode and the drain electrode; an opposite substrate having an opposite electrode opposite to the array substrate; a liquid crystal, which is Charged between the aforementioned array substrate and the aforementioned opposing substrate and applied to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) at 5 scales ('Please read the precautions on the back before writing this page), 1T- · Line '544649 C8 D8 VI. The orientation state when the display range of the patent application is different from the non-display state. Before displaying the image, the non-display Orientation state of the oriented state display state of the state initialization; wherein: system voltage by the polarity of the input left-right direction of the two adjacent pixel electrodes to be reversed to the initialization. (Please read the notes on the back before writing this page) --tl line! 1. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)