TW544527B - Radiofrequency signal receiver with means for correcting the effects of multipath signals, and method for activating the receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

The receiver (1) for radio-frequency signals (SV1, SV2, SV3, SV4), modulated by specific codes of transmitting sources, such as satellites (S1, S2, S3, S4), includes receiving and shaping means with frequency conversion for the radio-frequency signals for generating intermediate signals, a correlation stage formed of several correlation channels for receiving the intermediate signals and microprocessor means connected to the correlation stage in order to process the extracted data after correlation. Each channel includes a correlator in which the intermediate signals are correlated with at least two early and late replicas of the specific code of a visible transmitting source to be searched and tracked. The correlator further includes integration means for the correlated signals to provide a first amplitude value of the auto-correlation function of the early signals and a second amplitude value for the late signals. When multipath signals (SV1', SV3') are detected in the first operating channel, at least a second unused channel is configured, via the microprocessor means, and connected in parallel to the first channel. The second channel has the task of searching the maximum amplitude value between the two amplitude values of the first operating channel. The receiver, in particular of the GPS type, can be mounted in the case of a watch and powered by the energy accumulator or battery of said watch.

Description

544527 A7 _B7 _ V. Description of the invention (i) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) The present invention relates to a receiver for radio frequency signals, especially a GPS type, which has a mechanism for correcting the effects of multipath signals . The invention also relates to a method for activating or operating a receiver. The receiver of the radio frequency signal modulated by the specific code of the transmitting source includes a receiving and shaping mechanism. These mechanisms allow frequency conversion of radio frequency signals to provide intermediate signals. The receiver also includes a correlation level formed by several correlation channels that receive the intermediate signal. Each channel is provided with a correlator (where the intermediate signals are correlated). This relationship is achieved by at least one control loop of the correlator. When the channel is being used, at least two copies of the specific code of a visible transmitting source are searched and tracked, which are in phase in the early and late stages. The correlator includes a mechanism for combining related signals to provide (at the end of each combining cycle) the first amplitude 値 of the autocorrelation function of the early signal and the second amplitude 値 of the autocorrelation function of the late signal. In a source tracking mode, the first and second amplitude chirp are kept approximately equal. The receiver also contains a microprocessor connected to the relevant level to process the data extracted from the RF signal (after correlation). Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. If the receiver is a GPS receiver, the data extracted from the RF signal is (in particular) GPS messages, virtual distances, and Doppler frequencies. This data is used to calculate the position. , Speed and time (hours). The RF signal receiver of the present invention can of course also be used in satellite navigation systems of the GLONASS or GALILEO type. Similarly, the receiver can be used in a mobile phone network, for example, CD Μ A type (Code Division Multiple Access) ° In this case, the transmitting source is no longer a satellite but the basic ^: standard of the phone network Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X29? Mm) 1 -4-544527 A7 ____B7 V. Description of the invention (2) The platform, and the processed data is related to audible or readable information, or navigation information. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page.) At present, 24 satellites are placed in orbits at a distance of 2,200 kilometers above the surface, each of which is offset by 55 degrees from the equator at 6 degrees. On the track plane. The time it takes for a satellite to complete one of its orbits (before returning to the same point above the Earth) is 12 hours. The distribution of satellites in orbit allows terrestrial (ten, estrial) GPS receivers to receive GPS signals from at least four visible satellites to determine their position, speed, and local time. Each satellite in orbit emits a radio frequency signal. A carrier frequency L 1 at 1 · 5 7 5 4 2 G Η z and a virtual random pr N code at 1 · 〇 2 3 Μ Η ζ is modulated for each satellite and a g PS signal is 5 〇 Η ζ. The GPS signal contains the ephemeris and almanac data of the transmitting satellite, which is particularly useful for calculating X γ ζ position, velocity, and time-related data. The PRN code (virtual random noise), especially the golden code, is printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, which is different for each satellite. This golden code is a digital signal formed by repeating 1023 c h i p every millisecond. This repetition period is also defined by the term "e p o c h" in gold code. It should be noted that a c h i ρ adopts or 0 as a bit. However, a chip (a term used in GPS technology) is different from the bits used to define a data unit. The gold code assigned to 32 satellite identification numbers has the characteristic of orthogonality. By correlating them with each other, the correlation result finds a 接近 close to 0. This feature therefore makes it possible to use several paper sizes transmitted on the same frequency from several satellites to comply with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -5- 544527 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) RF signals can be independently processed simultaneously in several channels of the same GPS receiver. Currently, in many daily activities, GPS receivers (which are either traumatic or specifically incorporated in a car) are used to allow navigation data to be provided to users. This information helps (in particular) orientation, target search, and orientation. In addition, portable GPS receivers are often smaller in size so that they can also be incorporated into objects (which can be easily carried by individuals), such as in mobile phones or watches. However, when it is powered by a small-sized battery or accumulator, it often needs to minimize the amount of gms consumed by the receiver. It should be noted that one of the GPS receivers needs to pick up radio frequency signals transmitted by at least four satellites to determine (especially) its position and time related information. The receiver can also pick up ephemeris data and yearbook data unique to each satellite by individually locking one of the visible satellites. Fig. 1 schematically shows a GPS receiver 1, which is provided with an antenna 2 for picking up a radio frequency signal. The GPS receiver 1 needs to receive signals S V 1 to S V 4 from at least four visible satellites S 1 to S 4 in order to be able to determine its position, speed and time related data. However, when the receiver 1 is used in a position surrounded by various obstacles, such as a building B in a city, some of the radio frequency signals SV 1 ′ and SV 3 ′ picked up by the receiver 1 are sometimes Be reflected across these obstacles B. These signals S V 1 ′ and S V 3 ′ (which are reflected and combined with the direct signals s V 1 and s V 3 produced by the same transmitting source) may cause errors in the data extracted from the signal set picked up by the receiver. These errors (especially) will affect the Chinese standard (CNS) A4 specification (2! 0 > &297; 1 mm ^ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page)

544527 A7 ____B7____ 5. Description of the invention (4) Calculation of the position of the receiver. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) The phase error of the land navigation receiver due to the multipath signal can be greater than or equal to 150 ns, which is an error corresponding to 4 5 m at the calculated position . 'In general, the rated error is within the limit of 30 n s, which corresponds to an error of about 9 m at the calculated position. These errors are often not easily removed completely, even if the phenomenon of multipath signals is well known. Several embodiments have been proposed to reduce the effects of these multipath signals. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, which can quote (to be otherwise) Novatel's patent application number W09 5/1 4 9 3 7, which discloses a virtual random noise coded RF signal receiver. There are mechanisms for compensating for distortions due to multipath signals. To perform this function, the receiver contains several related channels, each of which is used to capture a particular satellite at the same time. The autocorrelation mechanism of each channel includes several correlators, each of which receives an internally generated pseudorandom code replica phase offset relative to another replica to be correlated and intermediate signals. An output signal power level estimator for each correlator of a channel is provided to eliminate the effects of multipath signals. The phase offset between each replica is, for example, less than 0 · 2 c h i p, which requires a high setup frequency for each replica. One of the major disadvantages of this receiver is that it has many correlators per channel for the acquisition and tracking phase of a particular visible satellite. As a result, an extremely high number of components are required to form the correlation level of the channel, resulting in high energy consumption, which cannot allow the receiver to be incorporated into a portable object containing a low-capacity energy source. In the same technical document, Trim 1 e N avigati ο n Limited paper ^ standard applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) " '' — 544527 A7 B7 _ V. Description of the invention (5) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) US Patent No. 5,9 6 6, 4 0 3 discloses a spread spectrum RF receiver, which also contains Effect agency. This document proposes two embodiments. In the first form, a uniform or non-uniform signal weighting function is used to correlate intermediate signals with early and late replicas. The microprocessor mechanism receives several correlated and weighted signals and closes the carrier and code control loop. These microprocessor mechanisms work to estimate signal distortion due to multipath signals and reduce this distortion. In the second type, two related channels of the receiver are used in parallel to track the same satellite, and the signals transmitted by this satellite can be redirected from its orbit. The second channel is used to allow the microprocessor mechanism to reduce its distortion due to multipath numbers. A 'phase delay is added to produce early and late replicas of each' channel so that the microprocessor mechanism can evaluate its distortion due to multipath signals. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. One of the disadvantages of these embodiments is basically the complexity of the structure of each channel used to reduce the effect of multipath signals. In addition, a large-scale microprocessor mechanism is used for all synchronized tasks. This complexity also results in high energy consumption, which prevents a receiver from being incorporated into a small-sized portable object with a low-capacity energy source. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a radio frequency signal receiver capable of correcting the effects of multi-path signals, limiting the necessary number of components of the receiver and reducing its power consumption, so as to overcome the shortcomings of conventional receivers. The dimensions of this paper are applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) M specification (non97 mm) -8- 544527 M — _B7 V. Description of the invention (6) The receiver can therefore be applied to small-sized portable objects. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page.) Another object of the present invention is to use the unused channels of the receiver, which have the same structure as the channels used to allow the effects of many path signals to be corrected. This purpose, among other things, is achieved by the aforementioned receiver, which is characterized in that at least one second unused channel is assembled via a microprocessor mechanism to be arranged parallel to at least one for searching and / or Track the first operating channel of the same visible emission source. When the microprocessor mechanism has detected that the multi-path signal exists in the first operating channel, the microprocessor mechanism controls (enslave) the second channel to generate a copy of a specific code. With the correlated and intermediate signals, the combining mechanism of the second channel provides one of its auto-correlation functions 'maximum amplitude' between the first and second amplitudes of the auto-correlation function of the first channel. An advantage of printing the receiver of the invention by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics is that (by using the same channel, each of which contains the same number of components, and cooperates with the microprocessor mechanism), it can avoid The effect of the error caused by the effect. When the receiver is operating, not all relevant channels are used because the number of visible sources (especially visible satellites) is less than the number of relevant channels in the receiver. This means that a certain number of channels remain unused. As a result, those channels that are defined as unused can be optimally connected in parallel with the operating channels to allow the microprocessor mechanism to correct errors caused by multipath signals. It should be noted that the microprocessor requires at least four related channels (each of which is used in a tracking mode of a particular visible satellite) to be able to calculate position, velocity and time related data. Therefore, only one unused channel setting can be provided. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) M specification (210X 297 mm) 544527 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Invention Description (7) Traveling on an operating channel, it is assumed that it detects a multipath signal in one of the operating channels. The receiver needs to be able to be incorporated into an easily transportable object containing a low-capacity energy source, which results in a reduction in the number of components in each relevant channel. In addition, the management of all synchronization tasks needs to be able to be achieved in a simple way, especially in each operating channel regardless of the microprocessor mechanism. The microprocessor mechanism usually assists an unused channel in searching for the maximum amplitude of the autocorrelation function only after it has detected the presence of a multipath signal in an operating channel. Therefore, very little data is transferred between the microprocessor mechanism and the operating channel, which reduces the energy consumption of the receiver. Another advantage of the receiver of the present invention is that the parameters of the first channel it is normally used to are transferred to the second channel to be connected in parallel with the first channel via a microprocessor mechanism. Therefore, the second channel can operate faster to find (in conjunction with the microprocessor mechanism) the maximum amplitude of the autocorrelation function. The first channel remains in use, even if the second channel is connected for stability reasons, because its multipath signal may disappear. In this case, the second channel is stopped and the first channel provides data to the microprocessor mechanism, in particular, it is used for the calculation of position, speed and time related data of a GPS receiver. A phase offset between the maximum autocorrelation function amplitude 値 imparted by the second channel and the first autocorrelation function amplitude 的 of the early signal of the first channel can be stored. This phase offset can thus be introduced as an additional parameter of the second unused channel to facilitate future paralleling with a first operating channel. Generally, the microprocessor mechanism includes a storage mechanism, in which the stored information is related to: the location of the satellite, its specific code, and the time when it was activated. '-10- (Please read the precautions on the back and fill in this purchase)

544527 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (8) Satellites visible to terrestrial receivers. The receiver thus determines which satellite is visible when the selected relevant channel is set to be operational. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) This purpose (among other things) can also be achieved by a method for correcting the effect of a receiver's multipath signal. This method includes the following first sequence of steps: -Configure and open a certain number of first channels so that each of them searches and tracks-specific transmission sources,-phase offset early and late replicas of specific codes of each first operating channel to be correlated and intermediate signals Until the first and second amplitudes 自 of the autocorrelation function are equal,-the correlation amplitudes 早期 of the early and late signals and the corresponding phase offsets are stored. During the searching and / or tracking phase, the method is characterized in that it further comprises The following second sequence of steps is printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-using the self-window function amplitude 値 and the corresponding stored phase offset in the search and / or tracking phase of each first operating channel to calculate One of the first slopes of the autocorrelation function (at the point of the first amplitude 値 of the early signal) and one of the second slopes of the autocorrelation function (at the first signal of the late signal) At the point of two amplitudes), when the channel is in the source tracking mode,-configure and open at least one second unused channel to be set parallel to a first operating channel, if two calculated slopes ( Absolute 値) is one of the code replicas of the second channel that is phase-shifted if the first amplitude 早期 of the early signal or the second amplitude 晚期 of the late signal is observed to change in a tracking mode ( For micro paper processing, this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -11-544527 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (9) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) One instruction) until the combining mechanism of the second channel provides the maximum amplitude of the autocorrelation function between the first and second amplitudes of the autocorrelation function of the first channel, so that its microprocessor mechanism can extract data from The radio frequency signal of the second channel corrects the effect of the multi-path signal. The figure briefly describes the purpose, advantages and characteristics of the radio frequency signal receiver and the method for activating the receiver will be made clearer by referring to the description of the following embodiments of the figure, in which: Figure 1, which has been described, A GPS-type RF signal receiver is shown, which picks up signals from at least four satellites, of which signals from two satellites are turned from obstacles to their orbits; FIG. 2 schematically shows each of the RF signal receivers according to the present invention. In part, FIG. 3 shows the components of a channel correlator according to the suge of the present invention. FIG. 4 a and 4 b are printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs to individually display a graph of an autocorrelation function, and A graph of an intermediate signal (the autocorrelation function is defined by a correlated and phase-shifted replica); Figure 5a shows a graph of an autocorrelation function whose amplitude of the correlation and early replica signals is equal to the correlation and late replicas The amplitude of the signal is in a tracking phase; Figure 5b shows the graph of the autocorrelation function obtained by subtracting the early and late components; this paper The scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) -12- 544527 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (10) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Figure 6 a and 6 b show A graph of the autocorrelation function, in the case of multipath signals, where the amplitude of the signal of the correlation and early replicas is equal to the amplitude of the signal of the correlation and late replicas (in a tracking phase), but relative to the signal without multipath With a phase offset, Figure 6c shows a graph of the autocorrelation function obtained by subtracting the early and late components (in the case of multipath signals); and Figure 7 shows the steps of a method to activate a receiver Flow chart, regardless of whether a multipath signal is detected. Comparison table of main components 1 GPS receiver 2 Antenna 3 Receiving and forming mechanism 4 'First electronic circuit 4 "Second electronic circuit 5 Clock signal generator 7 Relevant level Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Employee Consumer Cooperative 7' Channel 8 Related Controller 9 Controller 10 Data transfer bus 11 Buffer register 12 Microprocessor mechanism 13 Data bus This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) M Specification ⑺0 > < 297 mm) -13- 544527 A7 ____B7 _ V. Description of the invention (11 > 2 0 first mixer 21, 22, 24, 24, 26, 27 mixer (please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 2 3 second mixer 28, 29, 30, 31 Combiner counter 3 2 code loop discriminator 3 3 code loop filter 3 5 PRN code generator 3 6 register 3 7, 3 8 adder 4 2 carrier loop discriminator 4 3 carrier loop filter 44 NCO oscillator 4 5 Block 4 5,4 7 Interrupt element 5 0 Description of the preferred embodiment of the demodulation unit Printed in the following description by the Intellectual Property Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Ministry of Economy, RF signal receiver (especially GPS Type ) Several components, which are well known to those skilled in the art, are mentioned in a simplified manner. The receiver described below is preferably a GPS receiver. However, it can still be used In a GLONASS or GALILEO navigation system or any other navigation system, or in a mobile phone network. As shown in Figure 1, the paper size picked up by the antenna 2 of a GPS receiver applies the Chinese national standard (CNS ) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -14-544527 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (12) RF signals s V 1 to SV 4 are transmitted by four visible satellites s 1 to S 4. The signals of these four satellites SV 1 to SV 4 are 3 GP S receivers 1 capable of extracting all the information necessary to calculate their position, velocity and / or time related data. However, in its path, some RF signals s V 1, And SV 3 'may be reflected by various obstacles such as building B. These turning signals s V 1' and SV 3 'may interrupt the detection of the direct signals SV 1 and SV 3 picked up by the receiver. Satellite Search and Tracking Levels for S 1 and S 3 The relevant channels in the segment thus suffer from the effects of multipath signals, which cause position calculation errors. As will be explained below, at least one channel that is defined as unused is set parallel to each of the tracking satellites S 1 and S 3 operating channels to Correct the effects of multipath signals. The GPS receiver is preferably mountable to a portable object, such as a watch, to provide the position, speed, and local time information required by the wearer of the watch. Because the watch has a small-sized accumulator or battery, the power loss needs to be as small as possible during the operation of the GPS receiver. Of course, the GPS receiver can be mounted to other small-sized portable objects, such as a portable telephone, which is equipped with a small-sized battery or battery. The GPS receiver 1 is shown schematically in FIG. 2. It includes: a receiving and shaping mechanism 3 that performs frequency conversion on a radio frequency signal generated by an antenna 2 to generate an intermediate signal IF and a correlation stage 7 which is formed by 12 channels 7 'for receiving the intermediate signal IF A data transfer bus, 10, which connects each channel to a different buffer register 11 and a data bus 13 which connects each buffer register to the microprocessor mechanism 12. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 size (210X297 mm) Approval-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

, 1T Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -15- 544527 A7

一一 _E V. Description of the invention (13) (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) The intermediate signal IF is preferably (in a composite form) composed of one component and one-quarter phase of the in-phase signal I A component of the signal Q is formed at a frequency of the order 400 k Η z provided by the shaping mechanism 3. The composite intermediate signal I F is represented by a thick line crossing and a diagonal line defining 2 bits in FIG. 2. The number of channels 7 'available in receiver 1 needs to be higher than the maximum number of satellites visible at any point on the earth, so that a certain number of unused channels are still reserved. These unused channels are used in parallel with operating channels, assuming that their microprocessor mechanism has detected the presence of multipath signals in normal operating channels. The effects of multipath signals and the connection of unused channels will be explained below with particular reference to Figs. 3 to 6. Traditionally, in the receiving mechanism 3, a first electronic circuit 4 'converts the first of all radio frequency signals having a frequency of 1.57 5 4 2 G Η ζ to, for example, a frequency of 179 Μ Η ζ. A second electronic circuit 4 ”then performs a double conversion to first bring the GPS signal to a frequency of 4 · 7 6 Μ Η ζ, and then finally to (for example) a frequency of 4 0 0 k Η ζ by sampling at 4 · 36 Μ Η ζ. Sampled and quantified at 4 〇 0 k 消费 ζ The composite intermediate signal IF of the frequency class printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is therefore provided to channel 7 'of the relevant level 7. Related frequencies In the switching operation, a clock signal generator 5 forms part of the radio frequency signal receiving and shaping mechanism shooting 3. This generator (for example) is provided with a quartz oscillator (not shown), which is calibrated to a level of 1 · 7 6 Μ Η ζ Frequency. The two clock signals CL KK and CL KK 1 6 are specially up to the relevant level 7 and to the microprocessor mechanism 12 to time all the operations of these components. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) 8 4 specifications (210 × 297 cm) -16) 544527 A7 ____B7 V. Description of the invention (14) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) The first clock frequency CLK can have a frequency of 4 · 36MHz, and the second clock frequency can be fixed as small It is 16 times, which is 2 7 2 · 5 k H z, which is used in most of the correlation stages to save energy consumption. It should be noted that a divider placed in the correlation stage can be used to obtain the clock signal CL κ 1 6 instead of the clock signal generator 5 in the combining and receiving mechanism 3 °

In half of the cases, the signal supplied by the second circuit 4 ″ generates different parity (+1 and -1). Therefore, it is necessary to consider this parity of the demodulation operation of the GPS signal in the receiver. In another embodiment In the second circuit 4 ″, a signal (+ 3; + 1; — 1; — 3) can be provided, which is distributed in two output bits of the in-phase component and the quarter-phase component. The register 11 of each channel can receive its configuration data or parameters from the microprocessor mechanism. Channels can be transmitted (via registers): information about GPS messages, status of PRN codes, frequency increase related to the Doppler effect, virtual distances, correlated amplitudes with phase shifts, and correlation and lock to a specific satellite Other information after uploading. The buffer register 11 printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is composed of several types of registers, such as, for example, decree and status register, and channel NC0 (digitally controlled oscillator) Register, virtual distance register, energy register, compensation register, carrier and code increment register, and test register. It should be noted that these registers can accumulate data during the relevant stages to be used during the acquisition and tracking of satellites without being automatically transferred to the microprocessor. In another embodiment, a single clock of the register 11 can be envisaged for all channels of the relevant level, assuming that some of its capital paper standards placed in the register unit are applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) 8-4 Specifications (210 × 297 mm) -17- 544527 Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (15) The materials are common to each channel. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page.) Each channel 7 of the relevant level 7 includes a correlator 8 and a controller 9 to execute (in particular) a signal processing algorithm (via a dedicated tool) To obtain satellite signals and track satellites detected by the channel. The mother-channel controller 9 includes a memory unit, an arithmetic unit, a data bit synchronization unit, a correlator control unit, and an interruption unit, which are not shown in FIG. The memory unit is specifically formed by a RAM memory for storing temporary data. RAM memory is distributed in an irregular or regular structure. The arithmetic unit specifically performs addition, subtraction, multiplication, accumulation, and offset operations. In normal operation, all acquisition and tracking operations for the selected satellite are thus independently achieved in each individual channel of the relevant stage. These tasks are performed in a bit-parallel structure in which several bit calculations are performed in one clock pulse. The digital signal is at 1 k Η ζ, which allows independent processing of the signal at the carrier frequency, and the PRN code control cycle is at a less significant frequency rate. When a channel has locked a satellite, the circuit synchronizes its GPS data stream for subsequent calculations. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Therefore, the transfer of data with the microprocessor organization 12 no longer occurs during all relevant steps. It is only a relevant result of each channel 7 ' of the correlation level 7, which is transferred to the microprocessor, especially the GPS message at a frequency of 50 Η ζ. This result is a significant reduction in current consumption. However, when the microprocessor mechanism must connect an unused channel parallel to a normal operating channel to correct the effect of the multipath signal, the synchronization operation of the unused channel is performed via the microprocessor mechanism. However, the paper size of the operation channel is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 mm) -18- 544527 A7 _____ B7____ V. Description of the invention (16) Several parameters are transferred to quickly set through the microprocessor mechanism. The unused channel without any significant impact on the power consumption of the receiver (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Therefore, the microprocessor mechanism 1 2 should preferably include an 8-bit CO〇1RISC-816 microprocessor (manufactured by EM Microelectronic-Marin, Switzerland). This microprocessor is clocked by a clock signal at 4_36 Μ Η z. The microprocessor mechanism 12 also contains a memory mechanism (not shown), in which all information about the location of the satellites, their gold codes, and information that would be sufficient for being picked up by the terrestrial GPS receiver are stored. During all satellite search and tracking procedures, the operation channel 7 'transmits the interrupt signals I N T 1 to I N T 1 2 to the microprocessor to alert it to the information it can extract. Once it receives the interrupt signal, the microprocessor usually needs to browse all channels to find out from which channel the data to be extracted is sent. This data can be related to, for example, configuration parameters, the status of GPS messages, PRN codes, frequency increase due to the Doppler effect, virtual distance, the mode of the interrupt receiving mechanism, the status of the integrated counter, and other information. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Because several interrupt signals I NT 1 to I NT 1 2 can occur simultaneously, the microprocessor mechanism 12 can also include a priority decoder for operating channel 7 ′. Therefore, the microprocessor can access a priority channel for transmitting an interrupt signal according to a predetermined priority order. In another embodiment (not shown), the priority decoder may also be incorporated in the correlation stage. A single semiconductor substrate can contain: a register, a priority decoder, and a micro-paper. Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) -19- 544527 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17) The entire processor The correlation stage may also include a part of the clock signal generator. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) When the receiver 1 is operating, the channels 7 ′ of the relevant level 7 are configured by the microprocessor mechanism 12. The configuration of each channel includes the introduction of different parameters about the carrier frequency and the PRN code of a particular satellite to be searched and tracked. In the normal operation mode, each channel is configured differently to not search and track its own satellite. Because the operating channel can only be locked to visible satellites, there are several unused channels remaining. Fig. 3 shows a correlator 8 having one part of a PRN code control loop and another part of a carrier frequency control loop. The correlator 8 is equal in each channel 7 'of the correlation stage 7, but can be configured differently in each channel. As explained with reference to FIG. 2, in normal operation, each channel performs all synchronization tasks to search and track a specific visible satellite independently of the microprocessor mechanism. This simplifies the manufacture of the receiver and allows its power consumption to be reduced. For more detailed information on the various components of this correlator printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics, please refer to Chapter 5 of "Understanding GPS Principles and Applications" by Phillip Ward and edited by Elliott D. Kaplan. Ai. Tech House Publishers, USA 1996) No. ISBN 0-89006-793-7, and especially to Figures 5 · 8 and 5 · 1 3 ° Referring to Figure 3, the intermediate signal IF (crossed by a thick line in the figure to A diagonal line defining 2 bits is represented by a composite signal (1 + i Q), which is formed by a 1-bit in-phase signal component and a one-quarter quarter-phase signal component Q. The intermediate signal I F has been sampled and this paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210x297 male shame) -20- 544527 A7

V. Description of the invention (18) Quantized and first passed through the first mixer 20 of the carrier. A mixer or multiplier 2 1 multiplies the signal IF (cosine minus i times the sine of the internally generated carrier replica) to extract the in-phase signal I from the composite signal, and a mixer or multiplier 2 2 multiplies the signal IF times (negative sine minus 1 times the cosuie of the internally generated carrier replica) to extract a quarter-phase signal from the composite signal. These S i η and Co s signals originate from block 45 of the CoS / S IN table of the replica signal. The purpose of this first step in the first mixer 20 is to extract the carrier frequency from a signal with a GPS signal. After this operation, the equivalent of the PRN code of the signal from a satellite to be acquired needs to be found. In an operating or opened channel, it has a ~ PRN code generated in the channel corresponding to the desired satellite. To perform this operation, the in-phase and quarter-phase signals are passed through the second mixer 2 3 to correlate the signals I and Q with one of the early replica and one late replica of the PRN code to obtain four correlated signals. In each channel of the relevant level, only early and late replicas are retained without considering the exact replicas. This minimizes the number of cloth mesh components. However, by removing the precise components from the code control loop, a loss of signal-to-noise ratio at the level of 2 · 5 d B was observed. The mixer or multiplier 24 receives the signal I and the early replica signal E from a 2-bit register 36 and provides the related early in-phase signal. The mixer or multiplier 25 receives the signal I and the late replica signal L from the register 36 and provides the relevant late in-phase signal. The mixer or multiplier 2 6 receives the quarter-phase signal Q and the early signal E, and provides the paper size applicable to China National Standard (CNS) 8 4 specifications (210X297 mm) f Please read the notes on the back before filling (This page) -pack-

Printed by 8T Consumer Cooperative, 1T Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs -21-544527 A7 B7 _ V. Invention Description (19) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Related early quarter phase signals. Finally, the mixer or multiplier 27 receives the signal Q and the late replica signal L and provides the relevant late quarter-phase signal. The offset or compensation between the early replica E and the late replica L is half c h i P. In the embodiment of the present invention, it means that the offset with the center accurate component P will be 1/4 c h i p. The multiplier can be simplified by, for example, XOR logic. Each of the four related signals enters the combining mechanism, which is formed by the coupler counters 2 8, 2 9, 30, 31 (which are pre-detection elements). These combiner counters supply (at the end of each combination cycle) the binary output characters Ies, Ils, Qes, and QkS, which are represented by more than 10 bits. These binary characters define (especially shown in Figure 4a) the amplitude 値 of the Fengmuguan function. Amplitude 値 is often normalized to the amplitude 相关 of the relevant signal. The amplitudes (and phase offsets) of the early and late correlation signals are stored in a storage mechanism in a satellite search mode for use by the microprocessor mechanism to calculate the autocorrelation function amplitudes of the early and late correlation signals. The slope of the point. Based on the calculation of the slope, the microprocessor mechanism can detect whether its operating channel is subject to the effects of multipath signals. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics. The combiner counter is defined to be able to count up to the number 10 2 3, which is the number of chips equal to the p R N code. Each combiner counter 2 8, 29, 30, 31 of a channel selected by the microprocessor mechanism at the start of the search is configured to provide the binary characters I e S, ILS, QES and Q ts. A complete set in every Hao second. All operations in the loop following these combiners occur in a one-bit parallel architecture, which has a signal with a frequency of 1 k Η z. In order to delete the paper size to be solved, the CNS standard μ specification (21〇χ; 297 mm) -22- 544527 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (20) The noise of the usable signal, only The eight most significant bits are used in other digital signal processing chains. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) The binary output characters I ES, I, QES, and Qls (represented in the figure by a thick line crossing a slash that defines 8 bits) are passed into a code A loop frequency discriminator 3 2 and a one-code loop wave detector 33. The code loop discriminator performs an operation of calculating the energy of the signals I E s, I L s, Q E s and Q L s. The unitary accumulation (eg, 16 cycles) during some N combining cycles is achieved in the code discriminator. In the present invention, the frequency discriminator is non-coherent and is a delay-locked loop type (C D L L). In this discriminator, a subtraction can be performed between the squared amplitude amplitude of the early signal and the squared amplitude amplitude of the late signal. However, any type of discriminator can be used, as long as its early signal amplitude 値 remains approximately equal to late signal amplitude 値. See also Chapter 8 of the book "Global Positioning System and Applications" published by the American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics in 1956, "GPS Receiver" (author AJ Van Dierendonck) 0 Intellectual Property Bureau Employee Consumer Cooperatives Printed on this discriminator, a correction is introduced from the carrier loop, because the Doppler effect affects not only the carrier frequency but also the PRN code (which is modulated on the carrier frequency) during the transmission of satellite signals. Bringing the carrier into the code The loop discriminator is equivalent to dividing the carrier offset increment by 1540. According to the filtering result of the frequency discriminator, a phase increment is added by the 28-bit NC 0 oscillator to the PRN code generator 3 5 so that it transmits the PRN code bit string to the register 3 6 To perform a new correlation. The frequency resolution of this 28-bit NC0 is a grade of 16 m （z (for this paper size, the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) applies -23- 544527 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ( 21) 4 · 36MHz clock frequency). (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) The controller processes various results of the loop so that it can coordinate the capture and tracking operations. Once synchronization is achieved and locked to the desired satellite, the 値 of IE s and Il s is brought into a demodulation unit 50, which can provide 5 0 Ο Η z (in the first place) through the data input and output register. Yuan) to the microprocessor mechanism. . In addition to this information, the microprocessor mechanism can use (especially α) information about the virtual distance introduced in the buffer register to calculate X, Υ, and Z positions, speeds, and accurate local time. None of the elements explained above will be described in detail because they belong to the general knowledge of those skilled in the art. The sum of the signals IE s and I ls printed in the adder 3 7 by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is used to generate the signal I ps, and the signals Q ε s and Q s in the adder 3 8 The sum is used to generate the signal Q p S, and the two signals are represented in 8 bits. These binary characters are introduced into a carrier loop discriminator 42 (envelope detection) at a frequency of 1 kΗζ to calculate the energy of the signal after a carrier loop filter 43. The discriminator is formed with (in particular) an 8-bit multiplier and a 20-bit accumulator. It is frequency and phase locked loop type. An average chirp operation is performed in the frequency discriminator to increase the reliability and accuracy of the carrier tracking circuit. The accumulation provided in the discriminator lasts N cycles, for example, 16 cycles, which is equivalent to 16 ms. The microprocessor mechanism also adds the signal S τ c to the frequency discriminator 42 for its unused channels set parallel to the selected channel. According to the results of the frequency discriminator and after passing the filter, the paper size of the carrier wave applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -24- 544527 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (22) (Please read the back first Please note this page again) 2 4-bit NCO oscillator 4 4 receives a frequency increment (bin) for correcting the carrier frequency replica. This 24-bit N CO has a frequency resolution of 260 m Η z. The two control or manipulation methods of code and carrier are synchronized during the tracking, although the carrier tracking loop is updated only after confirming the existence of the satellite signal. It should be known that during the transmission of a radio frequency signal from a satellite, the Doppler effect affects both the carrier frequency and the PR NR code of the signal, which indicates that the code and the carrier control loop are interconnected to obtain the PR NR received on the receiver. Better adjustment accuracy of code phase and carrier frequency. At each relevant period of the search phase, the phase of the PrN code replica is delayed, for example, a step of 1 c h i ρ (s t e p s) to find the satellite phase offset. Once the satellite has been found during the tracking phase, code adjustments occur, for example, in steps of 0 · 0 5 to 0 · 1 c h i p s. In addition, the carrier frequency including the Doppler effect needs to be corrected, which occurs in a carrier control circuit. In addition to the Doppler effect, the lack of accuracy of the internal oscillator and the ionospheric effect need to be considered. These errors (which are corrected in the code and carrier loops) are equivalent to a frequency offset of ± 7 · 5kHz. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs All synchronization work is performed in each operation channel, when no multi-path signal is detected. If the microprocessor mechanism detects the effect of the multipath signal on a first operating channel, a second unused channel is connected in parallel to the first channel to find the maximum amplitude of the autocorrelation function. In this case, the channel code and carrier control loop are no longer used, because (by this second unused frequency channel) the amplitudes of the autocorrelation functions of the early and late signals in the tracking mode. obtain. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) -25- 544527 A7 B7 V. Invention Description (23) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) This unused channel needs to be The winding path and the microprocessor mechanism are used for phase shift operation of one of the early or zero-term replicas to obtain the maximum amplitude 値 of the autocorrelation function between the two amplitudes 第一 of the first channel. To perform this operation, interrupt elements 45 and 47 are placed in each control loop of all channels. When the microprocessor mechanism detects that a multi-path signal is present in the first channel, the second unused channel receives a command S c from the mechanism to interrupt the two control loops. Figures 4a and 4b-one aspect shows an autocorrelation function function, while the other aspect shows a code-specific intermediate signal to be correlated with a copy of the code. The autocorrelation function in Figure a shows the correlation result of two congruent rectangular pulsed logic signals, but their phases are shifted from each other. The related logic signal is, on the one hand, a virtual random code intermediate signal, and on the other hand, a copy of the virtual random code generated in the receiver channel. The general formula for the autocorrelation function is for women: R (t) = $ f (τ) f (t + τ) d τ The amplitude of the correlated rectangular signal is such that the absolute value of T is less than or equal to T c / 2 and 0 otherwise. T e. Stands for 1 Chip, which is equivalent to 9 7 · 5 n S, because the frequency of the virtual random code is 1, 0 2 3 Μ Η Z. Since the signal is a rectangular signal, this function R (t) is only defined by the formula: R (t)-A 2 T 〇 (1-| t I / T c) for | t | ^ Tc R (t) = 0 For other interference without any effects of multipath signals, the shape of the autocorrelation function is triangular, with a slope absolutely at the apex of the function or the top of the paper. The Chinese paper standard (CNS) 8-4 specification ( 210X297 mm) -26- 544527 A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (24) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) On each side of the peak. The signal amplitude A has 値 as 1, which means that the amplitude 値 (defined as normalized) has 値 1 on the vertex of the function when the signals to be related are completely in phase. In Fig. 4b, the replica (0) with a phase offset t = 0 is exactly the same position and extracted signal (intermediate signal), which provides a maximum amplitude equal to i. The replica (1) with a phase offset t = 1/2 c h i p relative to the extracted signal provides an amplitude 等于 equal to 1/2. Finally, the replica (2) with a phase offset t = 1 c h i p relative to the extracted signal provides an amplitude 等于 equal to zero. The GPS receiver of the present invention generates two early and late virtual random code replicas, each of which will correlate with an intermediate signal. Between the two replicas 旳 The phase shift is 1/2 c h i p. Figure 5a shows an autocorrelation function, in which the amplitudes of the correlated early and late signals 表示 are represented in a visible satellite tracking mode. The early amplitude 调整 adjusted in the tracking mode is shifted by the apex of the 1/4 c h i p autocorrelation function, and the late amplitude 调整 adjusted in the tracking mode is shifted by the apex of the 1/4 c h i p autocorrelation function. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. In normal operation, the amplitudes of the early and late signals of the operating channel are equal, as can be seen under the star tracking f. These amplitudes will therefore never be maximized by the autocorrelation function. The code discriminator performs the subtraction of the amplitude amplitudes of the early and late interrogations at each combining cycle. By this subtraction, the code discriminator can thus provide a more accurate code correction increment. When the amplitudes 値 are equal, the subtraction result in the discriminator produces a zero 旳 値, which is necessary to enter the tracking mode. Figure 5b shows the autocorrelation function of these amplitude differences in the frequency discriminator. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -27- 544527 A7 ______B7_ V. Description of the invention (25) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Please pay attention to Figure 5a The autocorrelation function shown does not have an ideal triangular shape, because a bandpass filter of 2 M Η z is performed in the receiving and shaping mechanism, which removes the digital lobe self-power spectrum. The autocorrelation function therefore has a circular portion at its apex rather than a peak chirp. When the RF signal is turned by an obstacle on its path, the signal picked up by the receiver is a multi-path signal. These signals are added to the radio frequency signals, which originate directly from the tracked transmission satellite. These effects interrupt the calculation of the receiver's position if one of the channels is in the tracking mode of this satellite. Figure 6a shows the two autocorrelation functions of the direct signal and the multipath signal picked up by the receiver. As will generally be observed, the autocorrelation function of a multipath signal is shifted towards the right of the autocorrelation function of a direct signal. In addition, the maximum amplitude of the autocorrelation function of the multipath signal is smaller than the maximum amplitude of the autocorrelation function of the direct signal. Printed by the Employees' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs In Figure 6a, the multi-path autocorrelation function is constructive, that is, the maximum amplitude 値 is positive. Multipath signals may also result in a negative autocorrelation function. In this case, the signal is called a destructive multipath signal. Figure b shows the autocorrelation function obtained at the output of the receiver's combining mechanism when a multipath signal is present. The resulting function is the sum of the two autocorrelation functions shown in Figure 6a. A channel (which is activated to search and track a satellite whose signal is diverted from its orbit) has an early correlation signal E 1 and a late correlation signal L 1: the same amplitude of the autocorrelation function 値, but with respect to the function Vertex This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -28- 544527 A7 ____B7_ V. Description of the invention (26) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) △. In the case of constructive multipath signals, the two equal amplitudes in the tracking mode # are larger than one that is not affected by the multipath signal (β) of the operating channel. Because the vertex P 1 of the autocorrelation function is generally an equal phase offset between two early and late replicas, the multipath signal generates a phase error represented by the offset Δ. In Fig. 6b, this offset Δ is about 1/8 c h i ρ, which is equivalent to an error of 35 m at the position calculated by the microprocessor mechanism. Figure c shows the autocorrelation function of the subtraction E 1-L 1 of the amplitude 値 of the early and late signals obtained in the code discriminator under the influence of the multipath signal. To understand how the receiver works to correct the multipath signal For the effect, reference will be made to FIG. 7, which shows a flowchart of the steps of a method for activating or setting the receiver. It should be noted that its microprocessor mechanism should generally be configured with at least four frequencies for tracking four visible satellites to calculate the position of the receiver. However, for simplification purposes, the steps of this method only describe a selected channel with reference to FIG. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. At step 100, a microprocessor channel selects a first channel to search and track a visible satellite. The first channel searches for visible satellites and corrects the carrier and code replicas to be correlated with intermediate signals in the carrier and code control loop. During this search phase, step 101 performs a test of the amplitude 値 of the autocorrelation function combining the early and late signals at the output of the mechanism. If the amplitudes 値 are not equal, a phase shift of the virtual random PRN code occurs in step 102. Theoretically, in the search phase, the code copy is shifted by a chi ρ ° This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) 8 4 specifications (210X297 mm) '' -29- 544527 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (27 ) During all the search phases of the satellite, the vibrations at the output of the combination mechanism are stored, and the corresponding phase offsets are also stored. (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Once the amplitude of the first channel 値 E 1 is equal to L 1, the calculation of the slopes at points E 1 and L 1 will be performed by the microprocessor mechanism. 3. Step ^ Step 104 performs a comparison of the calculated slopes. If the absolute values of the slopes P E 1 and P L 1 are approximately equal, the first channel is not affected by the multipath signal. This first channel (aligned at step 105) can thus provide accurate data to the microprocessor mechanism for calculating (in particular) the X, γ, and z positions. Even if the microprocessor mechanism does not detect the presence of the multipath signal in the first channel, the multipath signal may still appear when the receiver moves. In order to ensure that the first channel is not affected by the multi-path signal, in the tracking mode, the test of the amplitude 値 of the autocorrelation function of the early and late signals is also performed. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs As long as no change in amplitude E 1 is observed in step 106, the first channel still provides accurate data to the microprocessor mechanism without any multi-path signal effect. Conversely, if a change in amplitude E 1 occurs, the microprocessor mechanism configures and opens a second unused channel in step 107, which is set to operate parallel to the first channel. The second channel is also turned on, if the absolute slope of the slope calculated by the first channel (at 歩 骡 104) is significantly different. The second channel is configured using the parameters of the first channel stored via the microprocessor mechanism. In this way, the in-phase guide bow of the code replica of the second channel is allowed to quickly search the maximum amplitude 値 E 2 in step 108. This “large amplitude” E 2 is the amplitude in the first channel tracking mode. 1 and this paper size apply the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) -30- 544527 A7 ____ JB7_______ 5. Description of the invention ( 28) (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Between L1. Because the second channel must find this maximum amplitude 値 (whether it is an early code copy or a late code copy), the control of the second channel [1 loop cannot be used directly. As a result, the microprocessor mechanism is responsible for operating the second channel to obtain the apex of the autocorrelation function, by a linear regression method; or by a N e w s ο η-Ra p h s ο η type optimization algorithm. Therefore, a command is added to the two interruption elements of the second channel to disconnect its control loop. As long as the amplitude 偃 E 2 is non-maximum, a code phase shift of one of the code replicas of the second channel is performed at step 109. During all these searching operations of the maximum amplitude 値, all the amplitudes 値 E 2 of the second channel between the two amplitudes 値 E 1 and L 1 are stored, and the corresponding phase offset is also stored by Monk I. When the maximum amplitude 値 E 2 has been found in step 108, the slope calculation on each side of the apex of the autocorrelation function is performed in step 110 using the stored amplitude 値. If the absolute angles of the slopes P 2 AV and P 2 AP are greatly different, then only the second channel which is aligned to the maximum amplitude at step 1 1 3 provides accurate data to the microprocessor mechanism (especially) for position Calculation. A continuous check of the amplitude 値 of the second channel is performed. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. If the absolute angles of the slopes p 2 A V and P 2 A P are approximately equal, this indicates that the multipath signal does not exist. In this case, the second channel may be stopped at step 1 12. Therefore, the microprocessor mechanism can again obtain accurate data from the first channel because the latter is not stopped and when a local channel is activated. Although the receiver is intended to be mounted to a reduced-sized portable object such as a watch or Mobile phone), a single unused channel is best opened. This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) '-31-544527 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (29) Parallel to the operating channel First, when the microprocessor mechanism detects the presence of a multipath signal in the operating channel. As mentioned earlier, initially only at least four channels need to be selected for each to track a specific visible satellite. Generally, the second channel is turned on by the first channel only in the visible satellite tracking mode. However, because the parameters of each channel and the phase offset are stored in the storage mechanism, the second channel can be turned on parallel to the first channel, even when the latter is tied to the search phase. The microprocessor mechanism knows whether the operating channel will be affected by the multipath signal. From the above description, those skilled in the art can understand the many variations of the receiver (especially the G PS model) without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the scope of the patent application. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS) M specifications (21 × 297 mm) -32-

Claims (1)

544527 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Application for patent scope 1 1. A receiver of radio frequency signals modulated by a specific code of the transmission source, especially a GPS type, the receiver includes: a receiving and shaping mechanism with a radio frequency signal The frequency is changed to generate an intermediate signal. A correlation stage is formed by several related channels for receiving the intermediate signal. Each channel is provided with a correlator, wherein the intermediate signal is correlated in at least one control loop of the correlator ( (When the channel is used), at least two early and late replicas with a specific code of a visible source are searched and tracked, and the correlator includes a combining mechanism for related signals to provide (at the end of each combining cycle) early The first amplitude 値 of the autocorrelation function of the signal and the second amplitude 値 of the autocorrelation function of the late signal. The first and second amplitudes 保持 are kept approximately equal to one of the emission sources. In the tracking mode, the microprocessor mechanism, which Is connected to a correlation stage for processing to extract (after correlation) data from the RF signal, of which at least one second unused channel is passed through the micro processor And the processor mechanism is configured to be arranged parallel to at least one first operating channel for searching and / or tracking the same visible emission source, when the microprocessor mechanism has detected the existence of the multi-path radio frequency signal in the first operating channel The microprocessor mechanism controls the second channel to generate a specific code copy to be correlated with the intermediate signal, so that its brother-channel combining mechanism provides the mediator to make the first and second amplitudes of the autocorrelation function of the first channel 値One of the autocorrelation functions between the maximum amplitude 値. 2. The receiver according to item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the amplitudes 自 of the autocorrelation function of at least the first operating channel provided by the combined machine stick and the corresponding phase offsets are stored in a visible transmitting source Search and this paper rule ^ Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 ^ (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page). Binding and ordering Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperatives -33 -544527 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. The scope of Chinese patent reading 2 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) / or the storage mechanism in the tracking stage, so that the microprocessor mechanism can calculate one of the autocorrelation functions. The slope (at the point of the first amplitude 値 of the early signal) and the second slope of the autocorrelation function (at the point of the second amplitude 晚期 of the late signal). When the first and second amplitude 値 are equal, the micro The processor mechanism detects the existence of the multi-path RF signal in the first channel, when the first and second slopes are greatly different in a tracking mode. 3. The receiver of item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the second unused channel is configured and set parallel to the first operating channel, when the microprocessor mechanism has detected the autocorrelation function of the early and / or late related signals When the amplitude of the signal changes, it is under a visible source tracking mode. 4. The receiver of item 1 of the scope of the patent application is used to receive radio frequency signals transmitted by satellite households, where the correlation level includes a higher number of related channels than the number of visible satellites, so that it has at least one second unused channel Can be turned on parallel to the first operating channel for searching and / or tracking the same visible emission source. 5. The receiver according to item 4 of the patent application, wherein the number of channels is greater than or equal to 12. Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 6. If the receiver of the first patent application scope, several second unused channels are configured to be opened parallel to one of the first operating channels, when micro processing The controller mechanism has detected that a multi-path signal is present in each first channel. 7 · If the receiver in the scope of patent application No. 1 is used to receive the radio frequency signal transmitted by the satellite, the combination cycle of the combination mechanism of the first operating channel (in the visible satellite search and / or tracking phase) is equivalent to Issue this paper; Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Λ4 Regulations · (210X297mm) -34- 544527 A8 B8 C8 D8 Sixth, the scope of the patent please 3 repeat the specific code of the star. 8. If the receiver of the first patent application scope, a set of data input, input and output registers is set as the interface between the relevant level and the microprocessor mechanism to receive the transmission from the microprocessor to Information about related levels and information provided to the microprocessor by related levels. 9. The receiver of item 2 of the patent application, wherein each channel includes a storage mechanism of the amplitude 自 of the autocorrelation function and the corresponding phase offset. 0. The receiver of item 2 of the patent application, which stores The mechanism forms part of the microprocessor mechanism. 1 1 · The receiver of item 1 in the scope of patent application, wherein, in each channel, a controller including a digital signal processing algorithm is associated with the correlator to allow autonomous execution of all of the search and tracking of a satellite The synchronisation works independently of the microprocessor mechanism when the channel is operating normally. i 2 · If the receiver of the first patent application scope is used to receive radio frequency signals with carrier frequency transmitted by satellites, each channel receives a composite intermediate signal, which consists of a phase signal component and a quarter A phase signal component is formed, wherein each correlator of the channel includes: a first mixer for correlating in-phase signal components with a first carrier frequency replica and for correlating quarter phase signal components with a relative The second carrier frequency replica offset by 90 degrees from the first carrier frequency replica; the second mixer is used to correlate the output of the first mixer with the in-phase signal. This paper rule _ degree applies Chinese national standard (〇 奶) 8 4 specifications (210 father 297 mm) ^-L · -------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Order printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Consumer Cooperatives -35- 544527 A8 B8 C8 D8 VI. Application for Patent Scope 4 (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) with a copy of the first early specific code and related copies with a second late specific code, and related The quarter phase output signal component of the first mixer is related to the first early replica and the second late replica, and the four combiner counters of the combining mechanism of each operating channel from the second mixer. Output signal to provide the auto-correlation function of the four solid amplitudes. 1 3. The receiver as claimed in claim 1, wherein the early signal has a phase offset of half c h i ρ with respect to the late signal. Printed by a member of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and a Consumer Cooperative, such as the receiver of item 12 in the scope of patent application, where each correlator of the channel (after the combiner counter) contains a code control loop in the code control loop: The frequency discriminator, the code discriminator performs subtraction of each amplitude of the autocorrelation function of the early and late signals to provide one of the code replicas. The code correction is increased in a discriminator period, which is larger than the combined period by Times (N is an integer), a code loop filter, a first digitally controlled oscillator, a code generator, which are connected to a 2-bit register to transfer the early code of a specific code from a transmitting source And late copies are passed to the second multiplier stage, and the carrier control loop includes: a carrier loop discriminator, a carrier loop filter, a second digitally controlled oscillator, and a clock to provide to The first multiplication stage of the first and second replicas of the carrier frequency. An interrupt element controlled by the microprocessor mechanism ft is set in each control loop to control it to be set parallel to one of the first operating channels. Did not make By channel, when an interrupt finger is added to the elements of the second channel. 1 5 · —A method for correcting the effects of multipath signals. In a receiver modulated by a specific code of a reflection source, the standard of this paper is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4. Regulations ^ (210X297 mm) 544527 A8 B8 C8 _ D8 VI. Chinese Patent Application 5 @Including: (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Receiving and forming mechanism, which has the frequency conversion of RF signal to Generate a medium signal, a correlation stage, which is formed by several related channels for receiving intermediate signals. Each channel is provided with a correlator, wherein the intermediate signal is correlated in at least one control loop of the correlator (when the channel (When used), at least two early and late replicas with a specific code visible from the source are searched and tracked, and the correlator contains a combination of related signals to provide (at the end of each combination cycle) early One of the signals, the first amplitude correlation and the late signal, the second amplitude correlation, a microprocessor mechanism which is connected to the correlation stage for processing extraction (after phase Bfi) auto-ejection This method includes the following first sequence of steps:-configure and open a certain number of first channels so that each channel searches for and tracks a specific transmission source,-phase shifts the specificity of each operating channel Early and late copies of the code are correlated and intermediate signals up to the first and second amplitudes of the autocorrelation function. They are printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs-storing the correlation amplitudes of the early and late signals. And the corresponding phase shift, during the search and / or tracking phase, < wherein the party further includes the following second sequence of steps:-using each of the first operation channels stored in the search and / or tracking phase The autocorrelation function amplitude 値 and the corresponding phase offset to calculate one of the first slopes of the autocorrelation function (at the point of the first amplitude 早期 of the early signal) The paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 Gong ~ '544527 A8 B8 C8 D8 __ VI. Order reading patent range 6 and the second slope of the autocorrelation function (at the point of the second amplitude 値 of the late signal) ), When the channel is in the source tracking mode,-configure and open at least one second unused channel to be set parallel to a first-operating channel, if the two calculated slopes (absolute 値) are greatly Not at the same time, or if a change in the first amplitude 早期 of the early signal or the second amplitude 晚期 of the late signal is observed in a tracking mode,-one of the code offsets of the second channel phase offset (from the microprocessor list Under one instruction of the I structure) until the combining mechanism of the second channel provides the maximum amplitude of the autocorrelation function between the first and second amplitudes of the autocorrelation function of the first channel, so that its microprocessor mechanism can Data is extracted from the RF signal of this second channel, and the effect of the multipath signal is corrected. 16. The method according to item 15 of the scope of patent application, wherein the amplitude 値 of the autocorrelation function of the second channel and the corresponding phase offset are stored until the maximum amplitude 値 is provided by the combining mechanism of the second channel. 17 · The method according to item 16 of the scope of patent application, wherein the microprocessor mechanism calculates the slope of the amplitude change of the autocorrelation function, before and after the maximum amplitude of the second frequency, and the second channel is stopped if the slope of the When the absolute system is approximately equal, the microprocessor mechanism can extract data from the RF signal of the first channel. This paper is fully compliant with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page)-Installed · 1T Printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -38-