TW528813B - Dosimetry cup charge collection in plasma immersion ion implantation - Google Patents

Dosimetry cup charge collection in plasma immersion ion implantation Download PDF

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TW528813B
TW528813B TW088115073A TW88115073A TW528813B TW 528813 B TW528813 B TW 528813B TW 088115073 A TW088115073 A TW 088115073A TW 88115073 A TW88115073 A TW 88115073A TW 528813 B TW528813 B TW 528813B
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ion implantation
ion
implantation system
plasma
item
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TW088115073A
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Jiong Chen
Peter Lawrence Kellerman
Alec Stuart Denholm
Jiqun Shao
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Eaton Corp
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32009Arrangements for generation of plasma specially adapted for examination or treatment of objects, e.g. plasma sources
    • H01J37/32412Plasma immersion ion implantation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01LSEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L21/00Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/02Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
    • H01L21/04Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
    • H01L21/18Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
    • H01L21/26Bombardment with radiation
    • H01L21/263Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation
    • H01L21/265Bombardment with radiation with high-energy radiation producing ion implantation
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23CCOATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/48Ion implantation
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J37/00Discharge tubes with provision for introducing objects or material to be exposed to the discharge, e.g. for the purpose of examination or processing thereof
    • H01J37/32Gas-filled discharge tubes
    • H01J37/32917Plasma diagnostics
    • H01J37/3299Feedback systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2237/00Discharge tubes exposing object to beam, e.g. for analysis treatment, etching, imaging
    • H01J2237/30Electron or ion beam tubes for processing objects
    • H01J2237/317Processing objects on a microscale
    • H01J2237/31701Ion implantation
    • H01J2237/31703Dosimetry

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
  • High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Physical Vapour Deposition (AREA)

Description

528813 B7 五、發明說明(/ ) 〔發明之領域〕 本發明關於與利用充電離子以處理工件之工件處理系 統共同使用之電荷劑量監視系統。該系統浸入一或多個砍 晶圓於一具有高密度之正電荷離子電漿中,之後離子對晶 圓表面被加速,以將控制濃度之離子植入晶圓。 〔背景技藝〕 頒給Conard之“電漿源離子植入之裝置及方法”之美國 專利號碼4,764,394專利揭示一離子植入系統,用以利用 離子衝擊處理目標。離子植入一三維目標之表面中係由在 一閉合之室中,對目標形成一離子化電漿而達成。一旦在 目標之周圍區域係設立電漿,離子由電漿自各側被驅向目 標物,而不需操縱目標。此植入之達成係典型爲加上 10KV或較低者之高壓重覆脈衝,而使離子被驅動進入目 標之暴露表面。'394專利討論之設立電漿技術係導入中性 氣體進入目標區域,然後以離子化輻射將氣體離子化。 頒與Conard之'394專利揭示之系統利用一離子源以 建立離子電漿於工件之四周區域,然後選擇性加脈衝於一 支撐工件之電極,因而將電漿中之正離子吸往工件。 頒與Shao等人之美國專利號碼5,654,043亦關於一處 理工件表面之系統,以使離子衝擊工件表面。一種氣體注 入植入室中,俾離子化氣體佔據工件表面附近之區域。在 植入室之內部以重覆地以一順序脈衝加偏壓於導電電極, 而建立一植入材料之電漿,該電漿將注入室內之氣體分子 離子化,並將離子化之氣體分子加速至一或多個工件之植 4 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -^----I--訂---------線· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 528813 A7 B7 五、發明說明(i) 入表面。頒與Shao等人之'043專利以參考方式倂入此間 〇 1981版權由Douglas M· Jamba之論文“離子植入器中 之劑量測定”中揭示利用一劑量測定杯,以在離子束植入期 間收集衝擊在目標上之電荷。爲更準確測量實際衝擊目標 之電荷,在束限定孔與杯入口間設立一偏壓電極以抑制欲 離開杯之電子及負離子。偏壓電極亦抑制在限定孔產生而 欲進入杯之電子,及排斥離子束所帶之電子。 1979版權由C.NLMcKenna之論文“高電流劑量測定技 術”中揭示一或多個劑量測定杯爲於目標附近,在離子束植 入期間作電荷衝擊之原地測量。由此種劑量測定杯所作之 測量用來控制供植入之離子束。McKenna進一步揭示一負 偏壓杯收集器表面,與較少負偏Μ杯壁合用,以排斥不想 要的電子之進入杯內。但,McKenna之實驗顯示此種電偏 壓,由於陷在劑量測定杯內磁場線上之二次電子積聚之放 電,造成在矽目標上之噴出。 〔本發明之揭示〕 本發明關於在離子植入期間,衝擊一工件之離子數量 之測量裝置。本發明特別關於適用於電漿浸入離子植入系 統以使離子衝擊工件植入表面之劑量測定杯。通常’離子 植入系統由處理室及一能量源所組成,處理室中可插入一 或多個工件供離子處理,該能量源供在處理室中設立離子 電漿。一工件支座位於處理室中至少一工件上’俾工件之 植入表面位於離子電漿內。一脈衝產生器將電脈衝加在工 5 __ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -----訂---------線. 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 528813 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(3 ) 件支座上以吸引離子至支座。 爲測量衝擊工件植入表面之離子濃度,一或多個劑量 測定杯配置在工件附近。每一劑量測定杯有一電偏壓離子 收集表面,其在電漿之其他離子被植入工件時收集自電漿 之離子。 在離子收集表面上之電偏壓可防止電漿中之離子,在 電脈衝加速離子進入工件植入表面間之時間,進入劑量測 定杯。在離子未被加速進入工件時,防止離子進入劑量測 定杯中可改進劑量測定測量之準確性。 本發明另一特性爲利用一電偏壓電極,該電極限定一 進入孔,離子經該孔進入劑量測定杯。此一電偏壓電極可 排斥在離子收集表面上建立之電子。位於電極中之孔隙之 大小根據電偏壓電極之電漿護套之厚度而定。 本發明之範例實施例之結構可避免由位移電流造成之 劑量測量錯誤。位移電流係在工件支座由高電壓脈衝充電 時所產生。收集板嵌入工件支座中,由收集板測量之電流 返回工件支座而非至地。此外,由高頻寬光纖自劑量測定 杯吸取信號,以保護不受進入測量電路之雜散電容之影響 。以此方式將劑量測定杯與工件支座隔離,由此電流引進 之錯誤可被消除。 〔圖式簡略說明〕 圖1爲根據本發明構成之離子植入系統之、圖解說明; 圖la爲晶圓支座之平面圖; 圖lb爲圖la之晶圓支座之頂部平面圖; 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -----------------^-----訂----------線. (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 528813 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明(4) 圖2爲在離子衝擊表面時,發生在晶圓表面之程序之 說明; 圖3爲供測量離子植入電流之法拉第杯(Faraday Cup) 之剖面圖; • 圖4爲支撐劑量測定杯之線性陣列以監視離子劑量之 結構之平面圖; 圖5爲取自圖4之平面5-5之結構之剖面圖。 〔實施本發明最佳模式〕 圖1、la及lb說明倂入本發明之一離子植入系統10 。植入系統10包括一槪括圓柱形電漿室12,一或多個槪 括平面工件14插入供此等工件之離子處理。植入系統1〇 包括一負載鎖20,以將工件插入電漿室12中。此負載鎖 20使電漿室12在工件自電漿室12經由一開及關之閥21 進入及退出電漿室12時,保持在降低壓力(相對於大氣壓 )之下。一真空幫浦22保持電漿室內部調整在降低之壓力 ,該壓力由位於電漿室12及幫浦22間之閥23所調整。圖 1之電漿室12有一內壁限定一電漿室內部24,工件14即 插入其中。工件14被置於或自一槪括平面導電壓板或支座 30移出。壓板30可具有任何適當尺寸,視其支撐之工件 尺寸而定。 一能量源40位於槪括圓柱形處理室12之一末端。能 量源40將能量注入處理室12,以在電漿室12內部之能量 源40及晶圓支座30之間的區域42產生離子電漿。適當能 量源40之一例爲以13.5MHz操作之rf線圏,其發射rf肯g 7 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -線- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 528813 A/ B7 五、發明說明(广) 量通過石英板43,該板限定電漿室12之一端。其他線圈 激勵頻率亦爲可能,例如,可包括約2.0MHz之頻率。Rf 能量進入電漿室12後,自氣體分子產生離子電漿,該氣體 分子係自一外部氣體供應44幫浦至電漿室。在電漿室12 中之氣體壓力保持在0.2-5.0毫托之範圍。例如,氮氣可注 入電漿室而由自rf線圏進入電漿室之rf能量予以離子化。 應用此能量將氣體分子離子化。在實施本發明時可利用其 他已知技術在電漿室產生離子電漿。 —旦在支座30及石英板43之間之區域42建立離子 電漿,離子即被加速而與工件14接觸。在本發明較佳實施 例中,工件爲一矽晶圓,通常爲圓形,·置於支座3〇之上。 工件支座30由導電材料製成。離子被正向充電俾在電漿之 區域內,施加適當強度及方向之電場可使電漿中之離子加 速,並衝擊矽晶圓之表面。如圖1所示,調變器5〇供應電 壓脈衝52(典型爲較10KV爲小),其對導電支座30與電漿 室12之導電內壁成一偏壓,以在區域42中建立一適當電 場。圖2圖解說明,當自離子電漿區域42之離子衝擊表面 14a時,工件14之處理表面14a所發生之反應。在此圖中 特別注意,離子衝擊表面Ha時會在工件Η前之一區域中 建立二次電子。 一旦晶圓14處理後,其自電漿室12被移去並送至另 一處理站,處理後之晶圓在該處進一步製造成積體電路。 此一離子處理曾在8吋直徑晶圓上實施並具有良好之均勻 性。與圖1所示之類似結構之離子植入,亦被用來處理大 8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) -----------------^-----訂---------線. C請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 528813 A7 B7 五、發明說明u ) 表面以供平面板顯示器之製造。 圖la及lb說明導電工件支座30,其上加上數個本發 明之劑量測定杯60。圖中顯示四個杯,但可用任何數目之 杯60。杯60之放置俾使工件之植入表面與頂板66成對齊 。向植入表面加速之離子進入孔隙62以待測。杯60與工 件14間之近距離使進入杯60之離子量爲植入工件之離子 量之代表。劑量測定杯60提供入射劑量測定杯(圖3中之 69)之收集表面之總電流之測量。電流値由控制單元195操 縱,以決定劑量測定杯中及對應之工件14之表面之每平方 公分電荷數。利用四個杯60在支座30之周圍分開,可在 四個不同位置產生劑量資料。 圖3詳細說明成剖面之劑量測定杯60。此劑量測定杯 爲一槪括圓柱形,包括一頂板66、一頂部法拉第電極63、 一絕緣器64、及一底部法拉第收集板65。亦可應用其他形 狀之劑量測定杯,如扇形(未示出),配置在植入表面之四 周。劑量測定杯之頂板66係與工件14a之植入表面在同一 水平(未示於圖3)。頂板66係與脈衝產生器50爲電連接, 其用以加速離子至工件。因此,頂板66在工件支座30被 脈衝產生器偏壓時亦被偏壓,因而自區域42吸收電漿離子 進入劑量測定杯60中。頂部法拉第電極63由源70保持相 對頂板66成負偏壓。適當之負偏壓爲-200V。頂板66與頂 部法拉第電極63間之負電位可防止由離子衝擊收集板65 引起之二次電子離開劑量測定杯60,亦可排斥電漿電子之 進入劑量測定杯60,此二者均可危害劑量測定杯測量之準 9 ^紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ------------——— —訂---------線#· (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 528813 A7 B7 五、發明說明(7 ) 確性。絕緣器64將頂部法拉第電極63與底部法拉第收集 板65隔離。 在此實施例中,底部法拉第收集板65由電壓源61所 相對於頂板66正偏壓至20V。此正偏壓可防止電漿離子自 脈衝產生器50之脈衝間漂移進入收集板65,且防止造成 劑量測定杯60之離子僞暫存。當脈衝產生器50加一負脈 衝至工件支座30及頂板66,收集板65亦成爲負,在此實 施例中,收集板20之電壓較脈衝產生器所加之負電歷(典 型爲小於10KV)正20V 〇 本發明另一實施例以圖4及圖5說明。在此實施例中 ,如圖4所示安排七個劑量測定杯60於一陣列。所有杯均 用以校正及設立程序,僅有最外之劑量測定杯60a在工件 14之處理期間受到植入。參考圖5,裝在導電電極上93上 之抑制幕(SCreen)90用來(非孔隙電極)作爲離子進入點。此 實施例中,幕孔之直徑爲〇·〇4公分,及該幕之透明性約爲 1/2 〇 收集器95與工件支座30由絕緣器91加以絕緣。劑 量測定杯60與工件支座30由絕緣器97加以絕緣。杯電極 93由電源供應器82保持相對於工件支座30在-50V。收集 器95由電源供應器83保持在相對於工件支座3成+ 10V。 電流監視器84利用100歐姆電阻器81測量自收集器95之 電流。通過電阻器81之電流返回工件支座30。一高頻寬 光纖拾起器85發射電流資料至控制器195(圖1)。 本發明之一用途爲控制待植入之每一工件14之離子植 10 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) ------------1^11^ :丨丨丨丨-1 丨 J1T— --------^_wl (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 528813 A7 B7 五、發明說明(又) 入之適當時間。由控制單元195計算之工件劑量係持續與 控制單元195之理想劑量相比較。控制單元185耦合至調 變器50,及至電流監視器196。自調變器之多脈衝之統合 產生總電荷,及由開口 62之面積分隔產生單位面積或劑量 之電荷。一旦劑量位準已能滿足一已知晶圓,離子植入程 序即予暫停,一新晶圓則放置在電漿室中。 根據以上,劑量測定杯,由於漂移之電漿離子進入齊IJ 量測定杯及造成假讀數,其電漿浸入離子植入不夠° 本發明使電漿浸入技術中之劑量測定杯之優點可以胃$ ° 本發明已以特定性予以敘述,本發明擬包括所有 所附申請專利範圍之精神或範疇內之修改與變化° (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 4 訂·- -參 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(21〇 X 297公釐)

Claims (1)

  1. 528813 a8 _SI 六、申請專利範圍 (14)可插入該內部作離子處理; b) —能量源(40),以在處理室(12)中設立離子電漿; c) 一支座(30),將一或多個工件(14)定位在處理室(12) 之內部區域(42) ’俾一或多個工件(14)之植入表面(14a)定 位在離子電漿中; d) —脈衝產生器(50),係與工件支座(30)成電連通,以 供應電脈衝以吸引離子至支座(30); e) —或多個劑量測定杯(60),包括一電偏壓離子收集 表面(69),其與植入表面(14a)平行;及 f) 一植入控制器(185),供監視自一或多個劑量測定杯 之信號,以控制一或多個工件(14)之離子植入。 8·如申請專利範圍第7項之離子植入系統(10),其中 之劑量測定杯(60)尙含 a) —負偏壓電極(63),以排斥自收集表面之二次電子 及自電漿之電子;及 b) —正偏壓離子收集表面(69),以排斥電漿離子。 9.如申請專利範圍第7項之離子植入系統(10),其中 一或多個劑量測定杯(60)具有槪括爲圓形孔隙(62)。 10·如申請專利範圍第7項之離子植入系統(1〇),尙含 複數個劑量測定杯(60)具有扇形環形式之孔隙(62)。 11.如申請專利範圍第8項之離子植入系統(1〇),其中 該負偏壓電極(63)包括一根據電漿參數之直徑之孔隙。 12·如申請專利範圍第11項之離子植入系統(1〇),其 中電榮参數爲在負偏壓電極表面(67)之電漿護套厚度。 2 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公爱) ' ----- ..........................裝-..............訂.....................線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) A8B8C8D8 528813 六、申請專利範圍 13. 如申請專利範圍第11項之離子植入系統(10),其 中負偏壓電極(63)之孔隙較電漿護套厚度之二倍爲少。 14. 如申請專利範圍第8項之離子植入系統(1〇),其中 負偏壓電極(63)之偏壓係相對於工件支座(30)約爲-200V。 15·如申請專利範圍第8項之離子植入系統(1〇),其中 正偏壓離子收集表面(69)之偏壓係相對於工件支座(30)約爲 +20V。 16·如申請專利範圍第7項之離子植入系統(H)),尙含 一金屬幕(90),其具有孔以使離子進入劑量測定杯(60)。 17·如申請專利範圍第16項之離子植入系統(1〇),其 中幕孔尺寸爲0.04公分,幕之透明度約爲1/2。 18. 如申請專利範圍第16項之離子植入系統(1〇),其 中負偏壓電極(63)之偏壓係相對於工件支座(30)約爲-50V。 19. 如申請專利範圍第16項之離子植入系統(1〇),其 中正偏壓離子收集表面(69)之偏壓係相對於工件支座(30)約 爲+ 10V〇 20·如申請專利範圍第7項之離子植入系統(1〇),其中 自劑量測定杯(60)之信號由控制器(185)使用,其係經由劑 量測定杯(60)之收集表面(69)之電流而獲得。 21·如申請專利範圍第7項之離子植入系統(1〇),其中 控制之離子植入處理之參數爲工件(14)之植入時間。 22.如申請專利範圍第7項之離子植入系統(1〇),其中 之劑量測定杯(60)係嵌入工件支座(30)內,以消除至接地之 雜散電容,因而避免位移電流誤差。 3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 參 - .........................裝---------------訂.....................線 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 528813 A8 g D8 六、申請專利範圍 23.如申請專利範圍第7項之離子植入系統(10),其中 自劑量測定杯(60)之信號係由高頻寬光纖發射機(85)摘取, 以防止可造成位移電流誤差之雜散電容。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格(210 X 297公釐)
TW088115073A 1998-09-28 1999-08-31 Dosimetry cup charge collection in plasma immersion ion implantation TW528813B (en)

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TWI404110B (zh) * 2005-03-15 2013-08-01 Varian Semiconductor Equipment 用於工件之電漿植入之方法與電漿摻雜裝置

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US6050218A (en) 2000-04-18
KR20000023345A (ko) 2000-04-25
SG78399A1 (en) 2001-02-20
EP0994203A2 (en) 2000-04-19
JP2000106125A (ja) 2000-04-11
EP0994203A3 (en) 2001-11-21

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