526341 A7 _B7___ 五、發明說明（丨） [發明所屬之技術領域] 本發明係關於一種可改善顯示不均之液晶顯示裝置(以 下有時簡稱爲LCD)所使用之偏光板及液晶顯示裝置。 [習知技術] 於顯示裝置(尤其是LCD)所使用之偏光板，係例如讓 聚乙烯醇薄膜(以下有時也簡稱爲PVA薄膜)經由在擁有2 色性之碘或是二色性染料中進行染色之染色製程、以硼酸 或硼砂等進行交聯之交聯製程、以及一方向延伸之延伸製 程（染色、交聯、延伸之各製程無須個別進行而可同時進行 ，.又各製程之順序並無特別限定)之後，乾燥、與三乙醯基 纖維素薄膜(以下有時也簡稱爲TAC薄膜)等之保護層做貼 合來製造之。 LCD係使用於電腦等方面，近年來其使用急速地增加 。LCD之用途非常廣泛，其漸漸也使用於監視器用途上。 惟’監視器用LCD，相較於電腦用途，在畫面尺寸上朝向 大型化，面板之明亮（亮度）也提昇。是以，若將在電腦用 途所使用之偏光板直接使用於監視器，一旦進行黑色或灰 色之顯示，則從斜向方向切入視野角來觀看會在偏光板之 .延伸軸見到偏光板之染色不均或偏光板之原材料的PVA之 相位差的不均，此就顯示而言成爲一問題。 [發明所欲解決之課題] 本發明爲了解決前述習知課題，乃以提供一種在顯示 3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公t ) · f靖先閱讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁} IA__^--------訂---------線」 526341 ΚΙ ---------Β7____ 五、發明說明（> ) 不均獲得改善之LCD所使用之偏光板以及液晶顯示裝置爲 其目的。 [用以解決課題之手段] 爲了達成前述目的，本發明之偏光板，係將聚乙烯醇 (PVA)薄膜加以染色、交聯所製造者；其特徵在於， 係滿足所有從：1片之偏光板之光透過率(單體透過率) 、以及讓2片之偏光板之偏光軸直交時之光透過率(直交透 過率)所算出之以下的式子： 波長440nm之(單體透過率)/(直交透過率)〉600 .波長550nm之(單體透過率)/(直交透過率)>3000 波長610nm之(單體透過率)/(直交透過率)〉11000。 於本發明中，滿足所有從··讓2片之偏光板之偏光軸 平行時之光透過率(平行透過率）、以及讓2片之偏光板之 偏光軸直交時之光透過率（直交透過率）所算出之以下的式 子： 波長440nm之(單體透過率)/(直交透過率)>700 波長550nm之(單體透過率)/(直交透過率)>3000 波長610nm之(單體透過率)/(直交透過率)>11000 乃爲所希望者。 又於本發明中，視感度修正透過率Y爲42.5%以上(其中 ，標準光係使用C光源之視感度修正(每700〜400nm : 10nm)) 爲佳。前述透過率Y更佳爲43.0%〜44.0°/。。又，視感度修正 透過率Υ係由JISZ 87012度視野ΧΥΖ系所求出之値。 4 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ------丨丨訂--------I I --- 526341 A7 ______B7___ 五、發明說明（$ ) 又，前述偏光板之偏光度以99.98%以上爲佳。 又，本發明之偏光板，係將聚乙烯醇（PVA)薄膜以含 有碘(擁有2色性)或是二色性染料之染色浴來染色後，以 含有交聯劑之至少2浴的交聯浴來進行交聯，且在前述各 製程進行延伸； 在第1浴之交聯浴的延伸倍率係1〜4倍； 在第2浴之交聯浴的延伸倍率是以較前述第1浴的延 伸倍率爲高之延伸率來延伸乃爲所希望者。在此種情形下 ，聚乙烯醇(PVA)薄膜之總延伸倍率爲5〜7倍爲佳。 又本發明可爲於前述任一之偏光板黏貼反射板或半透 過反射板所成之反射型偏光板或半透過反射型偏光板。 又本發明可爲於前述任一之偏光板黏貼相位差板或是 λ板所成之橢圓或圓偏光板。 又本發明可爲於前述任一之偏光板黏貼視野角補償薄 膜所成之振光板。 又本發明可爲於前述任一之偏光板藉由接著劑或黏著 劑來黏貼亮度提昇薄膜所成之偏光板。 又亦可爲一種於液晶單元之至少單側具有偏光板之液 晶顯示裝置。 [發明之實施形態] 偏光薄膜之製造，一般可大致區分爲：讓PVA薄膜在 加入擁有2色性之特性之碘或是染料的浴中進行染色之”染 色製程”、在加入有硼酸或硼砂等之PVA交聯劑的浴中進 5 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) # —訂---------線L· 526341 A7 _____ B7_ — 五、發明說明（v) 行交聯之”交聯製程”、以及進行PVA之延伸的”延伸製程” 這三個製程。 又，”延伸製程”通常多與”染色製程”以及”交聯製程” 同時進行，惟亦可在不同製程來進行。又，染色製程與交 聯製程亦可同時進行。偏光膜在經過上述3個製程後，乃 對其進行乾燥，然後與成爲保護膜之TAC(三乙醯基纖維素 )薄膜等之薄膜做黏合而製造之。 本發明之偏光板之製造方法並無特別之限定，只要在 偏光薄膜之製造之際於染色製程、交聯製程做延伸即可。 在交聯製程中，若對於加入交聯劑之浴設置至少2浴，在 第1浴之延伸倍率以1〜4倍來延伸，而在以下之加入交聯 劑之第2浴以下的延伸倍率則是以較加入交聯劑之第1浴 的延伸倍率爲高之延伸倍率來延伸，藉此，可輕易獲得具 有前述特性的偏光板。又，PVA薄膜之總‘延伸倍率在5〜7 倍爲佳。 本發明所使用之偏光板的基本構成，係於含二色性物 質之聚乙烯醇系偏光薄膜等所構成之偏光元件的單側或兩 側透過適宜的接著層(例如乙烯醇系聚合物等所構成之接著 劑)來接著上作爲保護層之透明保護薄膜。 作爲偏光元件（偏光薄膜），可使用例如對聚乙烯醇或 部分甲縮醛化聚乙烯醇等之參照以往之適宜的乙烯醇系聚 合物所構成之薄膜，藉由碘或二色性染料等所構成之二色 性物質並以適宜的順序•方式施以染色處理、延伸處理、 交聯處理等之適宜的處理所得者(入射自然光可透過直線偏 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---------1泰 526341 A7 ___B7^____ 五、發明說明（< ) 光之適宜者）。其中，又以在光透過率與偏光度上優異者爲 佳。 作爲設於偏光元件（偏光薄膜）之單側或兩側之透明保 護層的保護薄膜之素材，可使用適宜的透明薄膜。作爲其 聚合物之例子一般係使用三乙醯基纖維素等之乙醯酯系樹 脂，惟並不限定於此。 基於偏光特性與耐久性等之觀點，尤其所希望使用之 透明保護薄膜爲表面以鹼等進行皂化處理之三乙醯基纖維 素薄膜。又於偏光薄膜之兩側設置透明保護薄膜之情況， 也可使用其表裏爲相異之高分子等所構成之透明保護薄膜。 .於保護層所使用之透明保護薄膜，只要不損及本發明 之目的，可施行硬膜(hard coat)處理或反射防止處理、基於 黏附（sticking)防止或擴散乃至反眩光（anti-glare)等之目的 之處理等。硬膜處理係基於防止偏光板表面受損等之目的 所施行者，例如可將矽酮系等之適宜的紫外線硬化型樹脂 所提供之在硬度與平滑性等方面優異之硬化皮膜附加到透 明保護薄膜之表面的方式等來形成。 另一方面，反射防止處理係基於防止在偏光板表面之 外界光線的反射所施行者，可藉由參酌以往之反射防止膜 ，等之形成來達成。又黏附防止係基於防止與鄰接層之密接 的目的，反眩光處理係基於防止外界光線在偏光板之表面 反射而妨礙偏光板透過光之視讀之目的所施行者，例如可 藉由噴砂方式或壓花加工方式等所進行之粗面化方式或透 明微粒子之配合方式等之適宜的方式對透明保護薄膜之表 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------訂·--------丨一 526341 A7 ^____B7 _ 五、發明說明（\；) 面賦予細微凹凸構造來形成。 在前述透明微粒子方面，可舉出例如平均粒徑爲 0.5〜2〇vm之二氧化矽或氧化鋁、氧化鈦或氧化锆、氧化 錫或氧化銦、氧化鎘或氧化銻等，亦可使用具有導電性之 無機系微粒子，又，亦可使用由交聯或未交聯之聚合物粒 狀物等所構成之有機系微粒子等。透明微粒子之使用量一 般相對於透明樹脂100重量份爲2〜70重量份、尤其是 5〜50重量份。 透明微粒子配合之反眩光層可作爲透明保護層本身、 或是對透明保護層表面施行之塗佈層等來設置之。反眩光 層亦可爲兼具用以將偏光板透過光加以擴散來放大視野角 之擴散層（視野角補償機能等）者。又，上述反射防止層、 黏附防止層、擴散層與反眩光層等，可作爲設置該等層之 片等所構成之光學層而與透明保護層分別設置。 於本發明中，偏光元件（偏光薄膜）與作爲保護層之透 明保護薄膜之接著處理並無特別之限定，可藉由例如乙烯 醇系聚合物所構成之接著劑、或是硼酸或硼砂、戊二醛或 三聚氰胺、硝酸等之乙烯醇系聚合物之水溶性交聯劑所構 成之接著劑等來進行。相關之接著劑層可以水溶液之塗佈 乾燥層等來形成，在該水溶液之調製之際可依必要性來配 合其他之添加劑或酸等之觸媒。 本發明所提供之偏光板，在實用之際可與其他之光學 層積層而作爲光學構件來使用。關於該光學層並無特別之 限定，可使用例如反射板或半透過反射板、相位差板(也包 8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)526341 A7 _B7___ 5. Description of the invention (丨) [Technical field to which the invention belongs] The present invention relates to a polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device used in a liquid crystal display device (hereinafter sometimes referred to as LCD) which can improve display unevenness. [Known Technology] For a polarizing plate used in a display device (especially an LCD), for example, a polyvinyl alcohol film (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a PVA film) is passed through iodine or a dichroic dye having a two-color property. The dyeing process for dyeing, the cross-linking process for cross-linking with boric acid or borax, and the extension process in one direction (the processes of dyeing, cross-linking, and extension do not need to be performed separately and can be performed simultaneously. After that, the order is not particularly limited. Then, it is manufactured by laminating it with a protective layer such as a triethylfluorinated cellulose film (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a TAC film). LCDs are used in computers, etc., and their use has increased rapidly in recent years. LCDs are used for a wide range of applications, and they are also being used for monitors. However, the LCD for monitors is larger in screen size than in computer applications, and the brightness (brightness) of the panel is also improved. Therefore, if the polarizing plate used in the computer is directly used in the monitor, once the black or gray display is performed, the viewing angle is cut from the oblique direction to view the polarizing plate. Uneven dyeing or unevenness of the PVA phase difference of the raw material of the polarizing plate is a problem in terms of display. [Problems to be Solved by the Invention] In order to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, the present invention is to provide a display that applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 g t) in 3 paper sizes. Zhuyin? Please fill in this page again for matters} IA __ ^ -------- Order --------- line "526341 ΚΙ --------- Β7 ____ V. Description of the invention (>) Uneven The purpose is to obtain an improved polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display device for an LCD. [Means to Solve the Problems] In order to achieve the foregoing object, the polarizing plate of the present invention is manufactured by dyeing and cross-linking a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film; it is characterized by satisfying all polarized light from: 1 sheet The following formula is calculated from the light transmittance (monochromatic transmittance) of the plate and the light transmittance (orthogonal transmittance) when the polarizing axes of the two polarizing plates are orthogonal: The wavelength of 440nm (monochromatic transmittance) / (Orthogonal transmittance)> 600. (Monomer transmittance) / (Orthogonal transmittance) at a wavelength of 550nm> 3000 (Monomer transmittance) / (Orthogonal transmission) at a wavelength of 610nm> 11,000. In the present invention, all of the light transmittances (parallel transmittance) when the polarizing axes of two polarizing plates are parallel and the light transmittances (orthogonal transmission) when the polarizing axes of the two polarizing plates are orthogonal are satisfied. The following formula is calculated: (Monomer Transmittance) / (Orthogonal Transmittance) at a wavelength of 440nm> 700 (Monomer Transmittance) / (Orthogonal Transmission) at a wavelength of 550nm> (3000 Single transmittance) / (orthogonal transmittance) > 11000 is desirable. In the present invention, the visual sensitivity correction transmittance Y is preferably 42.5% or more (wherein, the standard light system uses a C light source for visual sensitivity correction (every 700 to 400 nm: 10 nm)). The transmittance Y is more preferably 43.0% to 44.0 ° /. . The visual sensitivity correction transmittance is obtained from JISZ 87012 degree field of view XYZ system. 4 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ------ 丨 丨 Order -------- II --- 526341 A7 ______B7___ 5. Description of the invention ($) In addition, the polarization degree of the aforementioned polarizing plate is preferably 99.98% or more. In addition, the polarizing plate of the present invention is made by dyeing a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film with a dyeing bath containing iodine (having dichroism) or a dichroic dye, and then using at least 2 baths containing a crosslinking agent. The cross-linking bath is used for cross-linking, and it is extended in each of the aforementioned processes. The cross-linking bath in the first bath has an extension ratio of 1 to 4 times. The cross-linking bath in the second bath has an extension ratio higher than that of the first bath. It is desirable to stretch with a high stretch ratio. In this case, the total stretch ratio of the polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film is preferably 5 to 7 times. The present invention may be a reflective polarizing plate or a transflective polarizing plate formed by pasting a reflective plate or a transflective plate on any of the foregoing polarizing plates. In addition, the present invention may be an elliptical or circular polarizing plate formed by pasting a retardation plate or a λ plate on any of the aforementioned polarizing plates. In addition, the present invention can be a vibration plate formed by pasting a viewing angle compensation film on any of the foregoing polarizing plates. Furthermore, the present invention may be a polarizing plate formed by attaching a brightness-improving film to an above-mentioned polarizing plate with an adhesive or an adhesive. It may also be a liquid crystal display device having a polarizing plate on at least one side of a liquid crystal cell. [Embodiments of the invention] The manufacture of polarizing films can generally be roughly divided into: "dyeing process" in which PVA films are dyed in a bath containing iodine or dyes with two-color properties, and boric acid or borax is added 5 grades of PVA cross-linking agent in the bath. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) # —Order ---- ----- Line L · 526341 A7 _____ B7_ — V. Description of the invention (v) Three processes of “cross-linking process” for cross-linking and “extended process” for extending PVA. In addition, the "extension process" is usually performed simultaneously with the "dyeing process" and the "cross-linking process", but it can also be performed in different processes. The dyeing process and the cross-linking process may be performed simultaneously. The polarizing film is manufactured by drying the polarizing film after the above three processes, and then bonding the film to a protective film such as a TAC (triethyl cellulose) film. The manufacturing method of the polarizing plate of the present invention is not particularly limited, as long as the dyeing process and the cross-linking process are extended during the manufacture of the polarizing film. In the cross-linking process, if at least 2 baths are set for the bath to which the cross-linking agent is added, the extension ratio in the first bath is extended by 1 to 4 times, and the extension ratio in the following second bath to which the cross-linking agent is added is below. It is extended at a higher extension ratio than the extension ratio of the first bath in which the cross-linking agent is added, whereby a polarizing plate having the aforementioned characteristics can be easily obtained. In addition, the total 'stretch ratio of the PVA film is preferably 5 to 7 times. The basic structure of the polarizing plate used in the present invention is based on one or both sides of a polarizing element composed of a polyvinyl alcohol-based polarizing film containing a dichroic substance, such as a suitable adhesive layer (such as a vinyl alcohol polymer, etc.). The formed adhesive agent) is followed by a transparent protective film as a protective layer. As the polarizing element (polarizing film), for example, a thin film made of polyvinyl alcohol or a partially methylated polyvinyl alcohol, which is a suitable conventional vinyl alcohol polymer, can be used, and iodine or a dichroic dye can be used. The obtained dichroic substance is subjected to appropriate treatments such as dyeing treatment, extension treatment, and cross-linking treatment in an appropriate order and manner (incident natural light can be transmitted through a straight line. 6 paper dimensions are subject to Chinese National Standards (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) -------- Order --------- 1 Thai 526341 A7 ___ B7 ^ ____ V. Invention Explanation (<) of the light as appropriate). Among them, those having excellent light transmittance and polarization degree are preferred. As the material of the protective film provided on one or both sides of the polarizer (polarizing film), a suitable transparent film can be used. As an example of the polymer, an ethyl acetate resin such as triethylsulfonyl cellulose is generally used, but it is not limited thereto. From the standpoint of polarizing characteristics and durability, the particularly preferred transparent protective film is a triethylammonium cellulose film whose surface is saponified with an alkali or the like. When a transparent protective film is provided on both sides of the polarizing film, a transparent protective film composed of different polymers on the surface and the like may also be used. As long as the transparent protective film used for the protective layer does not impair the purpose of the present invention, a hard coat treatment or reflection prevention treatment, sticking prevention or diffusion, or even anti-glare can be performed. And other purposes. The hard film treatment is performed for the purpose of preventing the surface of the polarizing plate from being damaged. For example, a hardened film excellent in hardness and smoothness provided by a suitable UV-curable resin such as silicone can be added to the transparent protection. The manner of the surface of the film is formed. On the other hand, the anti-reflection treatment is performed by preventing reflection of external light on the surface of the polarizing plate, and it can be achieved by referring to the formation of the conventional anti-reflection film. The adhesion prevention is based on the purpose of preventing close contact with the adjacent layer. The anti-glare treatment is performed based on the purpose of preventing the external light from reflecting on the surface of the polarizing plate and preventing the polarized plate from seeing the light. For example, it can be performed by sandblasting or Appropriate methods such as embossing processing methods or mating methods of transparent particles, etc. Table 7 for transparent protective films This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ( Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ------- Order · -------- 丨 52626 A7 ^ ____ B7 _ V. Description of the invention (\;) The surface is given a fine uneven structure to form. Examples of the transparent fine particles include silicon dioxide or aluminum oxide, titanium oxide or zirconia, tin oxide or indium oxide, cadmium oxide, or antimony oxide having an average particle diameter of 0.5 to 20 vm. As the conductive inorganic fine particles, it is also possible to use organic fine particles composed of crosslinked or uncrosslinked polymer particles and the like. The used amount of the transparent fine particles is generally 2 to 70 parts by weight, especially 5 to 50 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the transparent resin. The anti-glare layer combined with the transparent particles can be provided as the transparent protective layer itself, or a coating layer applied on the surface of the transparent protective layer. The anti-glare layer may also have a diffusion layer (view angle compensation function, etc.) for diffusing the polarizing plate through light to expand the viewing angle. The above-mentioned anti-reflection layer, anti-adhesion layer, diffusion layer, and anti-glare layer can be provided separately from the transparent protective layer as an optical layer composed of a sheet or the like in which these layers are provided. In the present invention, the bonding treatment of the polarizing element (polarizing film) and the transparent protective film as a protective layer is not particularly limited, and it may be, for example, a bonding agent composed of a vinyl alcohol polymer, or boric acid or borax, pentyl Adhesives composed of a water-soluble crosslinking agent of a vinyl alcohol polymer such as dialdehyde, melamine, and nitric acid are used. The related adhesive layer can be formed by coating a dry layer of an aqueous solution, etc. When preparing the aqueous solution, other additives or a catalyst such as an acid can be compounded as necessary. The polarizing plate provided by the present invention can be used as an optical member by being laminated with other optical layers when practical. There is no particular limitation on the optical layer. For example, a reflective plate or a semi-transmissive reflective plate, a retardation plate (also including 8 paper sizes applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)) (please first (Read the notes on the back and fill out this page)
一 .口，· f I m n_i II 1_1· I n —Bi n n n n n i n l>^ MMi n I n m ϋ— n ϋ n n m m HI 526341 A7 _____B7_______ 五、發明說明（^ ) 含1/2波長板、1/4波長板等之λ板）、視野角補償薄膜或 亮度提升薄膜等之被使用在液晶顯示裝置等之形成上適宜 的光學層之1層或至少2層，尤其以：在前述本發明之偏 光元件與保護層所構成之偏光板進一步積層反射板或是半 透過反射板所形成之反射型偏光板或是半透過反射型偏光 板；在前述本發明之偏光元件與保護層所構成之偏光板進 一步積層相位差板所形成之橢圓或圓偏光板；在前述本發 明之偏光元件與保護層所構成之偏光板進一步積層視野角 補償薄膜所形成之偏光板；或是，在前述本發明之偏光元 件與保護層所構成之偏光板進一步積層亮度提升薄膜所形 成之偏光板爲佳。 若對前述之反射板進行說明，則反射板係用以設置於 偏光板來形成反射型偏光板，反射型偏光板通常係設於液 晶單元之裏側，可形成將來自視讀側（顯示側）之反射光加 以反射來進行顯示之類型的液晶顯示裝置等，可省略背光 等之光源的內藏，輕易地謀求液晶顯示裝置之薄型化，此 等爲其優點所在。 反射型偏光板的形成可依必要性經由上述透明保護薄 膜等而於偏光板之單面附設由金屬等所構成之反射層之適 .宜的方式來進行。亦即其具體例可舉出依必要性在經過消 光處理之透明保護薄膜的單面附設由鋁等之反射性金屬所 構成之箔或蒸鍍膜來形成反射層。 又尙可舉出在含有微粒子做成表面細微凹凸構造之上 述透明保護薄膜之上具有反映該細微凹凸構造之反射層的 9 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) .·--------訂---------線丨< 526341 A7 ___BT^____ 五、發明說明（3 ) 反射型偏光板等。表面細微凹凸構造之反射層，具有讓入 射光不規則反射、擴散以防止定向性或閃耀之外觀、抑制 明暗不均之優點等。形成具有細微凹凸構造之反射層來反 映透明保護薄膜之表面細微凹凸構造時，能以例如真空蒸 鍍方式、離子植入方式、濺鍍方式等之蒸鍍方式或鍍敷方 式等之適宜的方式將金屬直接附設於透明保護薄膜之表面 來進行。 又除了反射板直接附設於上述偏光板之透明保護薄膜 之方式，亦可改用：在參照該透明保護薄膜之適宜的薄膜 上設置反射層所得之反射片等。反射板之反射層通常係由 金屬所構成，其反射面在以薄膜或偏光板等所被覆之使用 形態，從防止氧化所造成之反射率的降低、讓初期反射率 可長期維持、以及避免另外附設保護層等之觀點來看乃爲 所希望的。 又半透過型偏光板可藉由將上述反射層設計成可反射 、透過光之半透鏡等之半透過型之反射層來得到。半透過 型偏光鏡通常係設於液晶單元之裏側，在較爲明亮之環境 來使用液晶顯示裝置的情形下，係將來自視讀側（顯示側) 之入射光加以反射來顯示圖像，而在較爲陰暗之環境下， .則可使用內藏於半透過型偏光板之背光側的背光等之內藏 光源來顯示畫像；此爲半透過型偏光鏡所能形成之類型的 液晶顯示裝置。亦即，半透過型偏光板對於形成上述類型 的液晶顯示裝置等（在明亮的環境下可節省背光等之光源的 使用能量，而在較爲陰暗的環境下則藉由內藏光源仍可使 10 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂—--------」 -f ϋ n H ϋ ϋ n 1 Jt n n - 526341 A7 五、發明說明（) 用）是有用的。 其次，針對在前述本發明之偏光元件與保護層所構成 之偏光板進一步積層相位差板所成之橢圓或圓偏光板來說 明。 在將直線偏光轉變爲橢圓或圓偏光、或是將橢圓或圓 偏光轉變爲直線偏光的情形下，係使用相位差板等，尤其 是作爲將直線光轉變爲橢圓或圓偏光、或是將橢圓或圓偏 光轉變爲直線偏光的相位差板，係使用所謂的1/4波長板( 也稱爲λ/4板）。1/2波長板(也稱爲λ/2板)通常係在變換 直線偏光之偏光方向時來使用。 .橢圓偏光板在將STN型液晶顯示裝置之液晶層之因複 折射所產生之著色(藍或黃）加以補償，而進行無著色之黑 白顯示之情況可有效地利用。再者，控制了 3維之折射率 者，尙可將自斜向觀察液晶顯示裝置之畫面之際所產生之 著色也加以補償（防止），故爲所希望的。圓偏光板在例如 將畫像呈彩色顯示之反射型液晶顯示裝置之畫像的色調加 以調整之情況等可有效利用，又，尙具有反射防止之機能。 亦即，作爲前述相位差板之具體例子，可舉出將聚碳 酸酯、聚乙烯醇、聚苯乙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯、聚丙烯 ,或其他之聚烯烴、聚丙烯酸酯或聚醯胺般之適宜的聚合物 所構成之薄膜予以延伸處理所成之複折射性薄膜或液晶聚 合物之定向薄膜、以薄膜來支撐液晶聚合物之定向層者、 或是傾斜定向薄膜等。作爲傾斜定向薄膜，可舉出例如對 聚合物薄膜接著上熱收縮性薄膜後藉由加熱所致之收縮力 11 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)I. mouth, · f I m n_i II 1_1 · I n —Bi nnnnnin l > ^ MMi n I nm ϋ— n ϋ nnmm HI 526341 A7 _____B7_______ 5. Description of the invention (^) Including 1/2 wavelength plate, 1/4 One or at least two optical layers suitable for the formation of liquid crystal display devices, such as a lambda plate such as a wavelength plate), a viewing angle compensation film, or a brightness enhancement film, especially in the aforementioned polarizing element of the present invention A polarizing plate formed with a protective layer is further laminated with a reflective plate or a transflective polarizing plate formed by a transflective reflective plate; the polarizing plate formed by the polarizing element and the protective layer of the present invention is further An elliptical or circular polarizing plate formed by laminating a retardation plate; a polarizing plate formed by further laminating a viewing angle compensation film on the polarizing plate composed of the polarizing element and the protective layer of the present invention; or, in the aforementioned polarizing element of the present invention A polarizing plate formed by further laminating a brightness-improving film with a polarizing plate composed of a protective layer is preferred. If the aforementioned reflecting plate is described, the reflecting plate is used to form a reflective polarizing plate provided on the polarizing plate. The reflective polarizing plate is usually provided on the inner side of the liquid crystal cell and can be formed from the reading side (display side). Liquid crystal display devices and the like that reflect reflected light to perform display can omit the built-in light source such as a backlight and easily achieve a thinner liquid crystal display device. These are its advantages. The formation of the reflective polarizing plate may be performed by a suitable method such that a reflective layer made of metal or the like is attached to one side of the polarizing plate through the transparent protective film or the like as necessary. That is, specific examples thereof include forming a reflective layer by attaching a foil or a vapor-deposited film made of a reflective metal such as aluminum on one side of a transparent protective film subjected to matting treatment as necessary. Another example is a 9-sheet paper with a reflective layer reflecting the fine uneven structure on the above-mentioned transparent protective film containing a fine uneven structure with fine particles on the surface. This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm). ) (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page). · -------- Order --------- line 丨 & 526341 A7 ___ BT ^ ____ 5. Description of the invention (3) Reflective polarizers, etc. The reflective layer with a fine uneven structure on the surface has the advantages of irregularly reflecting and diffusing the incident light, preventing the appearance of directivity or glare, and suppressing uneven brightness. When a reflective layer having a fine uneven structure is formed to reflect the fine uneven structure on the surface of the transparent protective film, a suitable method such as a vacuum deposition method, an ion implantation method, a sputtering method, or a deposition method can be used. The metal is directly attached to the surface of the transparent protective film. In addition to the method of directly attaching the transparent protective film of the polarizing plate to the reflective plate, a reflective sheet obtained by providing a reflective layer on a suitable film referring to the transparent protective film can also be used instead. The reflective layer of the reflective plate is usually made of metal, and its reflective surface is covered with a thin film or polarizing plate. This prevents the decrease in reflectance caused by oxidation, allows the initial reflectance to be maintained for a long time, and avoids other problems. The viewpoint of attaching a protective layer and the like is desirable. The semi-transmissive polarizing plate can be obtained by designing the above-mentioned reflective layer as a semi-transmissive reflective layer such as a half lens that can reflect and transmit light. Semi-transmissive polarizers are usually located inside the liquid crystal cell. When a liquid crystal display device is used in a brighter environment, the incident light from the viewing side (display side) is reflected to display an image. In a relatively dark environment, you can use a built-in light source such as a backlight built in the backlight side of the transflective polarizer to display the image; this is a type of liquid crystal display device that can be formed by a transflective polarizer . That is, the semi-transmissive polarizing plate can be used to form the above-mentioned type of liquid crystal display devices, etc. (in bright environments, it can save the use of light sources such as backlights, and in darker environments, it can still use the built-in light source. 10 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -------- Order ----------- -"-F ϋ n H ϋ ϋ n 1 Jt nn-526341 A7 V. Explanation of the invention (for) is useful. Next, an elliptical or circular polarizing plate formed by further stacking a retardation plate on the polarizing plate composed of the polarizing element and the protective layer of the present invention will be described. When linearly polarized light is converted into elliptical or circularly polarized light, or when elliptical or circularly polarized light is converted into linearly polarized light, a retardation plate or the like is used, especially as linear light into elliptical or circularly polarized light, or ellipse A retardation plate that converts circularly polarized light into linearly polarized light uses a so-called 1/4 wavelength plate (also called a λ / 4 plate). A 1/2 wavelength plate (also called a λ / 2 plate) is usually used when changing the polarization direction of linearly polarized light. The elliptically polarizing plate can effectively utilize the color (blue or yellow) produced by the birefringence of the liquid crystal layer of the STN type liquid crystal display device, and the black and white display without coloring can be effectively used. Furthermore, if the refractive index in three dimensions is controlled, it is desirable to compensate (prevent) the coloring that occurs when the screen of the liquid crystal display device is viewed obliquely. The circular polarizing plate can be effectively used, for example, when the color tone of an image of a reflection type liquid crystal display device in which the image is displayed in color is adjusted, and it has a function of preventing reflection. That is, specific examples of the retardation plate include polycarbonate, polyvinyl alcohol, polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polypropylene, or other polyolefins, polyacrylates, or polyfluorene. A birefringent film formed by stretching an appropriate polymer such as an amine polymer or an alignment film of a liquid crystal polymer, a film supporting the alignment layer of the liquid crystal polymer, or an oblique alignment film. Examples of obliquely oriented films include, for example, the shrinkage force caused by heating a polymer film followed by a heat-shrinkable film 11 (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page)
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（21〇 χ 297公釐） 526341 A7 __ _El___ 五、發明說明（χΟ ) 的作用使得聚合物薄膜受到拉伸處理或是/以及收縮處理所 得者或是讓液晶聚合物傾斜定向所得者等。 其次，針對在前述本發明之偏光元件與保護膜所構成 之偏光板進一步積層視野角補償薄膜之偏光板來說明。 視野角補償薄膜係即使並非垂直觀看液晶顯示裝置之 畫面而是略爲斜向來看畫面的情況仍可見到較爲鮮明之畫 像而擴大了視野角之薄膜。 作爲此種視野角補償薄膜，可使用於三乙醯基纖維素 薄膜等塗佈上碟形液晶者、或是相位差板。相對於通常之 相位差板係使用在其面方向具有往一方向延伸之複折射之 聚合物薄膜，作爲視野角補償使用之相位差板，則是使用 在面方向具有往二方向延伸之複折射之聚合物薄膜、或是 在面方向往一軸延伸且在厚度方向也延伸之控制了厚度方 向之折射率的傾斜定向聚合物薄膜般之2方向延伸薄膜等 。作爲傾斜定向薄膜，如前所述，可舉出例如對聚合物薄 膜接著上熱收縮性薄膜後藉由加熱所致之收縮力的作用使 得聚合物薄膜受到拉伸處理或是/以及收縮處理所得者或是 讓液晶聚合物傾斜定向所得者等。相位差板之素材原料聚 合物可使用與前面之相位差板所說明之聚合物爲同樣者。 於前述之本發明之偏光元件與保護層所構成之偏光板 黏貼亮度提昇薄膜所成的偏光板，通常係設於液晶單元之 裏側來使用。亮度提昇薄膜，來自液晶顯示裝置等之背光 或是來自裏側之反射等造成自然光之入射時，由於會顯示 出將既定偏光軸之直線偏光或既定方向之圓偏光加以反射 12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---------」 526341 A7 五、發明說明（^ ) 、而讓其他光透過之特性，所以讓亮度提昇薄膜與前述偏 光元件、保護層所構成之偏光板進行積層所得之偏光板， 除了讓來自背光等之光源的光入射而得到既定偏光狀態的 透過光，同時前述既定偏光狀態以外的光則是無法透過而 被反射。由該亮度提昇薄膜面所反射之光會進一步經由設 於其後側之反射層等反向而再度入射於亮度提昇板，其部 份或全部係以既定偏光狀態之光的形式透過而可謀求透過 亮度提昇薄膜之光的增量，且供給偏光元件難以吸收之偏 光來謀求在液晶顯示裝置等可利用之光量的增大，藉此來 提昇亮度。亦即，若不使用亮度提昇薄膜，而是以背光等 自液晶單元之裏側通過偏光元件來讓光入射的情況，則具 有與偏光元件之偏光軸不爲一致之偏光方向的光絕大多數 會被偏光元件所吸收，而不會透過偏光元件。亦即，雖依 所使用之偏光元件的特性而有所差異，但大約50%的光會 被偏光元件吸收，該被吸收的光相當於在液晶顯示裝置等 可利用之光量的減少，畫像會因而變暗。以亮度提昇薄膜 而言，若具有可被偏光元件吸收之偏光方向的光未入射於 偏光元件而是由亮度提昇薄膜做一次的反射後，進一步經 由設於其後側之反射層等反向而再度入射於亮度提昇板， .反覆地進行上述動作，則由於在這兩者間反射、反向之光 的偏光方向成爲可通過偏光元件之偏光方向的偏光會透過 亮度提昇薄膜而供給到偏光元件，所以可將背光等之光有 效率地使用於液晶顯示裝置之畫像的顯示上，可提升畫面 之亮度。 13 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---------I 一 -#1 ϋ n ft— ϋ n n n n- ϋ ϋ - 526341 A7 ____B7 ______ 五、發明說明（〆） 作爲前述亮度提昇薄膜，可使用例如電介質之多層薄 膜或折射率異向性不同之薄膜的多層積層體般之讓既定偏 光軸之直線偏光透過而其他的光則予以反射者(3M公司製 造「D—BEF」等）；膽固醇液晶層、尤其是膽固醇液晶聚 合物之定向薄膜或將該定向液晶層支撐於薄膜基材上者（曰 東電工公司製造「PCF350」，Meixk公司製造「Transmax 」）般之展現將左旋或右旋之一者的圓偏光加以反射而讓其 他光透過之特性者的適宜之物。 是以，就前述之透過既定偏光軸之直線偏光的類型之 亮度提昇薄膜而言，藉由讓該透過光直接在偏光板讓偏光 軸一致而入射，可抑制偏光板所造成之吸收損失同時有效 地透過。另一方面，就膽固醇液晶層般之透過圓偏光之類 型的亮度提昇薄膜而言，雖亦可直接入射於偏光元件中， 惟基於抑制吸收損失之觀點，讓該透過圓偏光經由相位差 板做直線偏光化後入射於偏光板乃爲所希望的。亦即，作 爲該相位差板，藉由使用1/4波長板，可將圓偏光轉換爲 直線偏光。 在可見光區等之寬廣波長範圍作爲1/4波長板來作用 之相位差板，例如可藉由讓相對於波長550mn光等之單色 光作爲1/4波長板來作用之相位差層與展現其他相位差特 性之相位差層(例如作爲1/2波長板作用之相位差層)進行重 疊的方式等來得到。是以在偏光板與亮度提昇薄膜之間所 配置之相位差板可爲1層或至少2層之相位差板所構成者。 又關於膽固醇液晶層也同樣地，藉由讓反射波長相異 14 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱) "' (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂--------- — — — — — III J- n I . 526341 A7 ^_——__B7____ 五、發明說明（) 者做組合成爲2層或至少3層重疊之配置構造，可得到在 可見光區等之寬廣波長範圍反射圓偏光者，可基於此得到 寬廣波長範圍之透過圓偏光。 又，本發明之偏光板亦可如上述偏光分離型偏光板般 由偏光板與2層或至少3層之光學層做積層而構成。是以 ’亦可爲上述之反射型偏光板或半透過型偏光板與相位差 板組合所得之反射型橢圓偏光板或半透過型橢圓偏光板等 。積層有2層或至少3層之光學層的光學構件，雖可在液 晶顯示裝置之製程中以依序個別積層之方式來形成，惟事 先積層做成光學構件，具有在品質之安定性與組裝作業性 等方面優異可提升液晶顯示裝置等之製造效率的優點。又 在積層方面可使用黏著層等之適宜的接著方式。 於本發明所提供之偏光板或光學構件中，亦可設置用 以與液晶單元等之其他構件進行接著之黏著層。該黏著層 可藉由丙烯酸系等之參照以往技術之適宜的黏著劑來形成 。尤其，基於防止吸濕所致之發泡現象或剝落現象、防止 熱膨脹等所致之光學特性的降低或液晶單元之彎曲、甚至 是以高品質形成耐久性優異之液晶顯示裝置之形成性等之 觀點，以使用吸濕率低且耐熱性優異之黏著層爲佳。又亦 可採用含有微粒子等而顯示光擴散性之黏著層等。黏著層 可依必要性設置於所需之面，例如，就本發明之偏光元件 與保護層所構成之偏光板的保護層來說，可依必要性於保 護層之單面或雙面設置黏著層。 15 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐) ' — -- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -an H ·ϋ n i— I n 一OJ· n 1 n n I «ϋ n I n ▲ 526341 A7 _ B7 _ 五、發明說明（4 ) 當設置於偏光板或光學構件之黏著層露出於表面的情 況’基於避免該黏著層在供做實用之前受到污染之目的， 以隔板做預接覆盖乃爲所希望的。隔板可藉由在參照上述 透明保護薄膜等之適宜的薄片體上依必要性設置矽酮系或 長鏈烷系、氟系或硫化鉬系等之適宜的剝離劑所成之剝離 塗層之方式來形成。 又形成上述偏光板或光學構件之偏光薄膜或透明保護 薄膜、光學層或黏著層等之各層，亦可藉由例如水楊酸酯 系化合物或二苯甲酮系化合物、苯并三唑系化合物或氰基 丙烯酸酯系化合物、鎳錯化物系化合物等紫外線吸收劑來 處理之方式等適宜的方式賦予紫外線吸收能力。 本發明所提供之偏光板，可適宜地使用在液晶顯示裝 置等之各種裝置的形成上。液晶顯示裝置能以將本發明之 偏光板配置於液晶單元之單側或雙側所成之透過型或反射 型、或是透過·反射兩用型等之具有參照以往之適宜構造 者來形成。是以形成液晶顯示裝置之液晶單元可爲任意， 可使用例如在薄膜電晶體型方面代表性之主動式矩陣 (active matrix)驅動型者、在扭轉向列(twist nematic)型或超 扭轉向列型方面代表性之單純矩陣驅動型者等適宜類型的 液晶單元。 又於液晶單元之兩側設置偏光板或光學構件之情況， 兩側之偏光板或光學構件可爲相同也可爲不同者。再者於 液晶顯示裝置之形成之際，可在適宜的位置配置1層或至 16 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) ;0 訂---------線丨▲ ϋ n n n ϋ n n n —J. Mmmmm n - 526341 A7 B7 五、發明說明（\< ) 少2層之例如稜鏡列片或透鏡列片、光擴散片或背光件等 之適宜的構件。 本發明之偏光板，即使用於高亮度之監視器用之LCD 上也不會見到偏光板所致之不均。 (實施例） 以下藉由實施例進一步具體說明本發明。 (比較例1) 使用克雷雅製PVA(9X75RS)，在染色浴(含有碘與KI 之水溶液)一邊進行3.2倍延伸一邊染色後’在含有硼酸之 交聯浴進行1·9倍延伸(總延伸倍率6.08倍），之後，以50 。(：之乾燥機乾燥來製作偏光元件。之後’使用TAC(三乙醯 基纖維素)薄膜與PVA系接著劑進行黏貼’得到視感度修 正透過率44.13%、偏光度99.94%之偏光板。 (比較例2) 使用克雷雅製PVA(9X75RS)，在染色浴(含有碘與KI 之水溶液)一邊進行3倍延伸一邊染色後’在含有硼酸之交 聯浴第1浴進行1.5倍延伸，進一步於含有硼酸之交聯浴 第2浴進行1.34倍延伸(總延伸倍率6.03倍），之後，以50 °〇之乾燥機乾燥來製作偏光元件。之後’使用TAC(三乙醯 基纖維素)薄膜與PVA系接著劑進行黏貼，得到視感度修 正透過率43.35%、偏光度99.97%之偏光板、 π 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) --------訂---------線丨▲ ϋ I n n n n I n —4- n n n· n ϋ n n I ϋ ϋ n ϋ . 526341 A7 ____B7___ 五、發明說明（山） (實施例1) 使用克雷雅製PVA(9X75RS)，在染色浴(含有碘與KI 之水溶液)一邊進行3·2倍延伸一邊染色後，在含有硼酸之 交聯浴第1浴進行1.2倍延伸，進一步於含有硼酸之交聯 浴第2浴進行1.7倍延伸(總延伸倍率6.5倍），之後，以50 °0之乾燥機乾燥來製作偏光元件。之後，使用TAC(三乙醯 基纖維素）薄膜與PVA系接著劑進行黏貼，得到視感度修 正透過率43.25%、偏光度99.98%之偏光板。 (實施例2) 使用克雷雅製PVA(9X75RS)，在染色浴(含有碘與KI 之水溶液)一邊進行3倍延伸一邊染色後，在含有硼酸之交 聯浴第1浴進行1.4倍延伸，進一步於含有硼酸之交聯浴 第2浴進行1.6倍延伸(總延伸倍率6.72倍），之後，以50 它之乾燥機乾燥來製作偏光元件。之後，使用TAC(三乙醯 基纖維素)薄膜與PVA系接著劑進行黏貼，得到視感度修 正透過率43.35%、偏光度99.99%之偏光板。 又，偏光板之透過率的測定，係藉由（村上色彩技術硏 究所)製造之積分球式分光透過率測定器DO-3來測定。 (偏光板不均之評價方法1) 於暗室中在照度33000LUX之背光上，讓評價對象之2 片的偏光板以其偏光軸呈直交狀態的方式來放置’以目視 18 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇χ 297 mm) 526341 A7 __ _El___ 5. The effect of the invention description (χΟ) makes the polymer film subjected to stretching or / and shrinking treatment or It is obtained by obliquely orienting a liquid crystal polymer. Next, a polarizing plate in which a viewing angle compensation film is further laminated on the polarizing plate composed of the polarizing element and the protective film of the present invention will be described. The viewing angle compensation film is a film with an enlarged viewing angle even when the picture is viewed slightly obliquely instead of viewing the screen of the liquid crystal display device vertically. As such a viewing angle compensation film, it can be used for a plated liquid crystal coating such as a triethyl cellulose film or a retardation plate. Compared with the ordinary retardation plate, a polymer film having a birefringence extending in one direction in the plane direction is used. For a retardation plate used for viewing angle compensation, a birefringence extending in two directions in the plane direction is used. It is a polymer film extending in a plane direction toward one axis and also extending in a thickness direction, and a bidirectionally extending film such as an obliquely oriented polymer film that controls the refractive index in the thickness direction. As the obliquely oriented film, as described above, for example, the polymer film may be obtained by subjecting the polymer film to a stretching treatment and / or a shrinkage treatment by applying a shrinkage force caused by heating after the heat shrinkable film is applied to the polymer film. Or the liquid crystal polymer is obtained by oblique orientation. As the raw material polymer of the retardation plate, the same polymers as those described above for the retardation plate can be used. The polarizing plate formed by adhering a brightness-improving film to the aforementioned polarizing plate composed of the polarizing element and the protective layer of the present invention is usually used inside the liquid crystal cell. Brightness-increasing films, backlights from liquid crystal display devices, or reflections from the inside, etc., cause natural light to enter, because they will reflect linearly polarized light of a predetermined polarization axis or circularly polarized light of a predetermined direction. Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -------- Order --------- "526341 A7 V. Invention Note (^) and the characteristics of allowing other light to pass through, so that the brightness enhancement film is laminated with the polarizing plate composed of the aforementioned polarizing element and protective layer, in addition to allowing light from a light source such as a backlight to enter to obtain a predetermined Transmitted light in a polarized state, while light outside the aforementioned predetermined polarized state cannot be transmitted and is reflected. The light reflected by the brightness-enhancing film surface will be incident on the brightness-increasing board again through the reflection layer provided on the rear side of the film. Some or all of it will be transmitted in the form of light with a predetermined polarization state. The brightness is increased by increasing the amount of light transmitted through the brightness enhancement film and supplying polarized light that is difficult for the polarizing element to absorb, thereby increasing the amount of light available in liquid crystal display devices and the like. That is, if the brightness-enhancing film is not used, but the light is incident from the back side of the liquid crystal cell through a polarizing element such as a backlight, most of the light having a polarization direction that is not consistent with the polarization axis of the polarizing element will be It is absorbed by the polarizing element without transmitting through the polarizing element. That is, although it varies depending on the characteristics of the polarizing element used, about 50% of the light is absorbed by the polarizing element, and the absorbed light is equivalent to a reduction in the amount of light available in a liquid crystal display device or the like. As a result, it becomes dark. In the case of a brightness enhancement film, if light having a polarization direction that can be absorbed by the polarizing element is not incident on the polarizing element but is reflected once by the brightness enhancement film, it is further reversed through a reflective layer provided on the rear side thereof. When it is incident on the brightness enhancement plate again, and the above operations are performed repeatedly, the polarization direction of the reflected and reversed light between the two becomes the polarized light that can pass through the polarization direction of the polarization element, and it is supplied to the polarization element through the brightness enhancement film. Therefore, light such as a backlight can be efficiently used for displaying an image of a liquid crystal display device, and the brightness of the screen can be improved. 13 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -------- Order -------- -I 一-# 1 ϋ n ft— ϋ nnn n- ϋ ϋ-526341 A7 ____B7 ______ 5. Description of the invention (〆) As the aforementioned brightness enhancement film, for example, a multilayer film of a dielectric or a film having a different refractive index anisotropy can be used. Multilayer laminated body that allows linear polarized light of a given polarization axis to pass and other light to be reflected ("D-BEF" manufactured by 3M, etc.); the alignment film of the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, especially the cholesteric liquid crystal polymer, or the alignment The liquid crystal layer is supported on a film substrate ("PCF350" manufactured by Toden Electric Co., Ltd. and "Transmax" manufactured by Meixk Corporation), which exhibits the characteristic of reflecting the circularly polarized light of one of the left-handed and the right-handed and transmitting the other The right thing. Therefore, as for the aforementioned brightness enhancement film of the type of linearly polarized light passing through a predetermined polarization axis, by allowing the transmitted light to be incident directly on the polarizing plate so that the polarization axis is consistent, the absorption loss caused by the polarizing plate can be suppressed and effective at the same time. Ground through. On the other hand, for a type of brightness enhancement film that transmits circularly polarized light like a cholesteric liquid crystal layer, although it can also be directly incident on a polarizing element, the transmission circularly polarized light is made through a retardation plate from the viewpoint of suppressing absorption loss. It is desirable to enter the polarizing plate after linear polarization. That is, as the retardation plate, circularly polarized light can be converted into linearly polarized light by using a quarter-wave plate. A retardation plate that functions as a 1/4 wavelength plate in a wide wavelength range such as the visible light region. For example, a retardation layer that can function as a 1/4 wavelength plate with a monochromatic light with a wavelength of 550 nm can be used. The phase difference layer having other phase difference characteristics (for example, a phase difference layer functioning as a 1/2 wavelength plate) is obtained by superimposing it. The phase difference plate disposed between the polarizing plate and the brightness-improving film may be a phase difference plate of one layer or at least two layers. The same applies to the cholesteric liquid crystal layer, and the reflection wavelengths are different. 14 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) " '(Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page) -------- Order --------- — — — — — III J- n I. 526341 A7 ^ _——__ B7____ V. Description of the invention () Those who make a combination into 2 layers Or at least three layers of overlapping structures can be obtained to reflect circularly polarized light in a wide wavelength range such as the visible light region. Based on this, circularly polarized light with a wide wavelength range can be obtained. In addition, the polarizing plate of the present invention may be formed by laminating a polarizing plate with two or at least three optical layers, as in the above-mentioned polarizing-separated polarizing plate. It can also be a reflective elliptically polarizing plate or a semi-transmissive elliptically polarizing plate obtained by combining the above-mentioned reflective polarizing plate or a transflective polarizing plate with a retardation plate. An optical member with two or at least three optical layers is laminated, although it can be formed in the order of individual layers in the manufacturing process of a liquid crystal display device, but it is laminated in advance to make an optical member, which has stability and assembly in quality. It is excellent in workability, etc., and it has the advantage that the manufacturing efficiency of a liquid crystal display device etc. can be improved. A suitable bonding method such as an adhesive layer can be used for the lamination. In the polarizing plate or the optical member provided in the present invention, an adhesive layer for adhering with other members such as a liquid crystal cell may also be provided. This adhesive layer can be formed by a suitable adhesive such as acrylic based on conventional techniques. In particular, it is based on the prevention of foaming or peeling due to moisture absorption, the reduction of optical characteristics due to thermal expansion, the bending of liquid crystal cells, and even the formation of high-quality liquid crystal display devices with excellent durability. From the viewpoint, it is preferable to use an adhesive layer having a low moisture absorption rate and excellent heat resistance. Alternatively, an adhesive layer or the like containing fine particles and exhibiting light diffusivity may be used. The adhesive layer can be provided on the required surface as necessary. For example, as for the protective layer of the polarizing plate composed of the polarizing element and the protective layer of the present invention, the adhesive layer can be provided on one or both sides of the protective layer as necessary. Floor. 15 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) '—-(Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) -an H · ϋ ni— I n -OJ · n 1 nn I «ϋ n I n ▲ 526341 A7 _ B7 _ V. Description of the invention (4) When the adhesive layer provided on the polarizing plate or optical member is exposed on the surface 'based on preventing the adhesive layer from being contaminated before it is put to practical use For the purpose, it is desirable to pre-cover the partition. The separator can be formed by applying a suitable release agent such as a silicone-based or long-chain alkane-based, fluorine-based, or molybdenum sulfide-based release agent on an appropriate sheet referring to the above-mentioned transparent protective film. Way to form. Each layer of the polarizing film or transparent protective film, optical layer, or adhesive layer of the polarizing plate or optical member is formed. For example, a salicylate-based compound, a benzophenone-based compound, or a benzotriazole-based compound may be used. The ultraviolet absorbing ability can be imparted by a suitable method such as a method of treating the ultraviolet absorber such as a cyanoacrylate compound or a nickel compound compound. The polarizing plate provided by the present invention can be suitably used for forming various devices such as a liquid crystal display device. The liquid crystal display device can be formed of a transmissive or reflective type or a transmissive / reflective type in which the polarizing plate of the present invention is disposed on one or both sides of a liquid crystal cell, and has a suitable structure referring to the past. The liquid crystal cell forming the liquid crystal display device may be arbitrary, and for example, an active matrix driving type which is representative of a thin film transistor type, a twist nematic type, or a super twisted nematic type may be used. A suitable type of liquid crystal cell, such as a simple matrix drive type. When polarizing plates or optical members are provided on both sides of the liquid crystal cell, the polarizing plates or optical members on both sides may be the same or different. Furthermore, when the liquid crystal display device is formed, one layer or 16 can be arranged at a suitable position. The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back first) (Fill in this page); 0 Order --------- Line 丨 ▲ ϋ nnn ϋ nnn —J. Mmmmm n-526341 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (\ <) Less than 2 layers, such as queues Or a suitable member such as a lens array sheet, a light diffusion sheet, or a backlight. Even if the polarizing plate of the present invention is used in an LCD for a high-brightness monitor, the unevenness caused by the polarizing plate is not seen. (Example) Hereinafter, the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. (Comparative Example 1) Using Creva PVA (9X75RS), dyeing in a dyeing bath (aqueous solution containing iodine and KI) while extending 3.2 times, 'extension was carried out in a crosslinking bath containing boric acid 1.9 times (total Extension magnification (6.08 times), and then to 50. (: Drying with a dryer to make a polarizing element. Then, 'adhesion using a TAC (triethylfluorene-based cellulose) film and a PVA-based adhesive' was performed to obtain a polarizing plate with a corrected transmittance of 44.13% and a polarization degree of 99.94%. Comparative Example 2) Using Creva PVA (9X75RS), dyeing in a dyeing bath (aqueous solution containing iodine and KI) while performing 3 times extension, and then '1.5 times extension in the first bath of the crosslinking bath containing boric acid, and further In the second bath of the cross-linking bath containing boric acid, stretch 1.34 times (total stretch ratio 6.03 times), and then dry with a dryer at 50 ° to make a polarizing element. Then use TAC (triethylfluorenyl cellulose) film Adhesive with PVA-based adhesive to obtain a polarizing plate with corrected visual transmittance of 43.35% and polarized light of 99.97%. Π This paper is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the back first) Please note this page before filling in this page) -------- Order --------- line 丨 ▲ ϋ I nnnn I n —4- nnn · n ϋ nn I ϋ ϋ n ϋ. 526341 A7 ____B7___ 5. Description of the Invention (Mountain) (Example 1) Using Creva PVA (9X75RS), The color bath (aqueous solution containing iodine and KI) is dyed while being stretched 3.2 times, and then stretched 1.2 times in the first bath of the cross-linking bath containing boric acid, and further 1.7 times in the second bath of the cross-linking bath containing boric acid. Stretching (total stretching ratio 6.5 times), and then drying with a dryer at 50 ° 0 to produce a polarizing element. After that, a TAC (triethylfluorenyl cellulose) film and a PVA-based adhesive are adhered to obtain a corrected visual sensitivity transmission. Polarizing plate with a rate of 43.25% and a polarization degree of 99.98%. (Example 2) Using Creva's PVA (9X75RS), dyeing in a dyeing bath (aqueous solution containing iodine and KI) while stretching three times, and then containing boric acid The first bath of the cross-linking bath was stretched by 1.4 times, and the second bath of the cross-linking bath containing boric acid was stretched by 1.6 times (total stretch ratio of 6.72 times), and then dried with a dryer to produce a polarizing element. Using a TAC (triethylfluorenyl cellulose) film and a PVA-based adhesive, a polarizing plate having a corrected visual transmittance of 43.35% and a polarizing degree of 99.99% was obtained. The transmittance of the polarizing plate was measured by (Research on Murakami Color Technology ) Manufactured by integrating sphere spectroscopic transmittance measuring device DO-3. (Evaluation method of unevenness of polarizing plate 1) In a dark room on a backlight with an illumination of 33000 LUX, let the two polarizing plates of the evaluation object use their polarization axes. Place it in an orthogonal way 'to visualize 18 This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)
訂---------線L — — — — — — — — —~— I . 526341 A7 R7 五、發明說明（4) 法在與偏光軸呈垂直方向處確認是否有條紋狀之不均出現。 (偏光板不均之評價方法2) 於暗室中在照度33000Lux之背光上，讓2片的偏光 板以偏光軸呈平行的方式來配置，而於此2片之偏光板之 間讓評價對象之偏光板以直交狀態來放置，在與評價對象 之偏光板的偏光軸呈垂直方向處確認是否有不均出現。 (偏光板不均之評價方法3) 將在市售品之18·1英吋之LCS監視器(3〇〇燭光)之液 晶單元上所黏貼之上下偏光板剝除，以黏著劑將評價對象 之偏光板黏貼上之後，讓監視器進行黑色顯示，改變觀看 監視器之視野角來確認在與偏光板之偏光軸呈垂直方向上 是否有線條(條紋)狀之不均出現。 [表1] 波長440nm之透過率(％) 單體透過率 ㈧ 平行透過率 (B) 直交透過率 (C) (A)/(C) (B)/(C) 比較例1 40.240 32.150 0.109 369 295 比較例2 39.425 31.030 0.071 555 437 實施例1 39.210 30.580 0.017 2306 1799 實施例2 39.460 30.850 0.018 2192 1714 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------訂·--------^"1 -·1 n n n n ϋ I- n tj n n - 526341 A7 _ B7 五、發明說明（v$) [表2] 波長550nm之透過率(％) 單體透過率平行透過率直交透過率（A)/(C) (B)/(C) (A) (B) (C) 比較例1 44.280 38.820 0.026 1703 1493 比較例2 43.510 37.570 0.014 3108 2684 實施例1 43.430 37.310 0.011 3948 3392 實施例2 43.530 37.390 0.001 43530 37390 [表3] 波長610nm之透過率(％) 單體透過率 平行透過率 直交透過率 (A)/(C) (B)/(C) ㈧ (B) (C) 比較例1 44.380 39.050 0.004 11095 9763 比較例2 43.430 37.470 0.002 21715 18735 實施例1 43.500 37.510 0.003 14500 12503 實施例2 43.520 37.490 0.002 21760 18745 [表4] 不均之評價結果 評價方法1 (目視） 評價方法2 (目視） 評價方法3 (目視） 比較例1 有不均 有不均 有不均 比較例2 有不均 有不均 有不均 實施例1 無不均 無不均 無不均 實施例2 無不均 無不均 無不均 20 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) I --------訂·--------I 一 526341 A7 ___B7___ 五、發明說明（4 ) (評價結果） 由表1〜4之”不均之評價結果”可明顯發現，實施例1 、.2並未見到不均而可得到良好之偏光板。 亦即，以含有硼酸之第1浴與第2浴之延伸倍率、總 延伸倍率之提昇的組合來進行製作，讓偏光度成爲99.98 以上，藉此可得到不會見到不均之良好的偏光板。 [發明之效果] 如以上所說明般，本發明之偏光板，係將聚乙烯醇 (PVA)薄膜加以染色、交聯所製造者；其中，若滿足所有 從1片之偏光板之光透過率(單體透過率）、以及讓2片之 偏光板之偏光軸直交時之光的透過率（直交透過率）所算出 之以下的式子，可提供顯示不均獲得改善之LCD所使用之 偏光板以及液晶顯示裝置.。 波長440nm之(單體透過率)/(直交透過率)>600 波長550nm之(單體透過率)/(直交透過率)>3000 波長610nm之(單體透過率)/(直交透過率)>11〇〇〇 21 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -I I II I I 1 ^ 0 I_______ I iOrder --------- Line L — — — — — — — — — — — I. 526341 A7 R7 V. Description of the invention (4) Method to check whether there is a stripe at a direction perpendicular to the polarization axis Unevenness appears. (Evaluation method for unevenness of polarizing plate 2) In a dark room, on a backlight with an illumination of 33000 Lux, two polarizing plates are arranged so that the polarizing axes are parallel, and between the two polarizing plates, the evaluation target is The polarizing plate was placed in an orthogonal state, and it was confirmed whether or not unevenness occurred in a direction perpendicular to the polarization axis of the polarizing plate of the evaluation target. (Evaluation method for unevenness of polarizing plate 3) The upper and lower polarizing plates adhered to the liquid crystal cell of a 18.1-inch LCS monitor (300 candles) of a commercially available product were peeled off, and the evaluation target was adhered with an adhesive. After the polarizing plate is pasted, the monitor is displayed in black, and the viewing angle of the viewing monitor is changed to confirm whether there are line-shaped (stripe) unevenness in a direction perpendicular to the polarizing axis of the polarizing plate. [Table 1] Transmittance (%) at a wavelength of 440 nm Monomer transmittance ㈧ Parallel transmittance (B) Orthogonal transmittance (C) (A) / (C) (B) / (C) Comparative Example 1 40.240 32.150 0.109 369 295 Comparative Example 2 39.425 31.030 0.071 555 437 Example 1 39.210 30.580 0.017 2306 1799 Example 2 39.460 30.850 0.018 2192 1714 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (please read the back page first) Please fill in this page again for attention) ------- Order · -------- ^ " 1-· 1 nnnn ϋ I- n tj nn-526341 A7 _ B7 V. Description of the invention (v $ ) [Table 2] Transmittance (%) at a wavelength of 550 nm Single transmittance Parallel transmittance Orthogonal transmittance (A) / (C) (B) / (C) (A) (B) (C) Comparative Example 1 44.280 38.820 0.026 1703 1493 Comparative example 2 43.510 37.570 0.014 3108 2684 Example 1 43.430 37.310 0.011 3948 3392 Example 2 43.530 37.390 0.001 43530 37390 [Table 3] Transmittance at a wavelength of 610nm (%) Parallel transmittance Parallel transmittance Direct transmission (A) / (C) (B) / (C) ㈧ (B) (C) Comparative Example 1 44.380 39.050 0.004 11095 9763 Comparative Example 2 43.430 37.470 0.002 21715 18735 Implementation 1 43.500 37.510 0.003 14500 12503 Example 2 43.520 37.490 0.002 21760 18745 [Table 4] Evaluation results of uneven evaluation Method 1 (visual) Evaluation method 2 (visual) Evaluation method 3 (visual) Comparative Example 1 Comparative example with or without unevenness Example 2 with or without unevenness Example 1 No unevenness No unevenness No unevenness Example 2 No unevenness No unevenness No unevenness 20 This paper applies Chinese National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) I -------- Order · -------- I 526341 A7 ___B7___ V. Description of the invention (4) (Evaluation results) From the "uneven evaluation results" in Tables 1 to 4, it can be clearly found that in Examples 1 and .2, no unevenness was seen and a good polarizing plate was obtained. In other words, the combination of the first and second baths containing boric acid is used to increase the total magnification and the total magnification, so that the polarization degree can be 99.98 or more, so that a good polarizer without unevenness can be obtained. . [Effects of the Invention] As described above, the polarizing plate of the present invention is manufactured by dyeing and cross-linking a polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film; among them, if all the light transmittances from one polarizing plate are satisfied (Single transmittance) and the following formulas calculated from the transmittance (orthogonal transmittance) of light when the polarizing axes of two polarizers are orthogonal to each other can provide polarized light for LCDs with improved display unevenness. Board and liquid crystal display device ... (Monomer transmittance) / (Orthogonal transmittance) at a wavelength of 440nm > 600 (Monomer transmittance) / (Orthogonal transmittance) at a wavelength of 550nm > 3000 (Monomer transmittance) / (Orthogonal transmission) at a wavelength of 610nm ) > 11〇〇〇21 This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) -II II II 1 ^ 0 I_______ I i