TW526119B - Techniques of thermal expansion, suppression of thermal pre-loading and dynamic adjustment of pre-loading of spindle adjusting systems - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is techniques of thermal expansion, suppression of thermal pre-loading and dynamic adjustment of pre-loading of spindle. The spindle is made by zero expansion or very low expansion materials. The spindle has opposite ends respectively comprising a bearing assemble. Each bearing assembly has two juxtaposing bearings. A partition ring set is disposed between the juxtaposing bearings. The partition ring set includes an inner partition ring and an outer partition ring. The inner and outer partition rings are made of multiple low and negative thermal expansion materials. The inner partition ring is fit around the spindle and has opposite ends tightly contacting with corresponding sides of inner races of the bearing. The outer partition ring is disposed outside of the inner partition ring and has opposite ends tightly contacting with corresponding sides of outer races of the bearings and is not in contact with the inner partition ring. The outer partition ring is in tight contact with corresponding sides of the outer races of the two bearings.

Description

526119 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention is a pre-pressure adjustment technology for heating and pre-pressing and self-study: Pressing, the thermal work generated by the tool shaft due to thermal expansion due to thermal expansion does not have the heat generated by thermal stress. The accuracy is reduced, so for the disadvantages: there is a kind of main, especially-a kind: dynamic and dynamic pre-pressure regulator with the processing precision and the rotating part C ^ rate increases, more uniform, because of the two, and therefore the final In the thermal expansion or even overheating of the bearing, the aforementioned problems of shaft thermal expansion and thermal preload suppression and zero expansion of dynamic shaft temperature change are suppressed, and the spacer ring is used to suppress the technology. Increased requirements for speed and high speed make the main bearing generate heat source due to preload.) At the speed of grinding south, the bearings and spacer rings are often arranged side by side, which causes mutual exclusion, which increases the friction force, and further causes the spindle to run off under the increase effect. And stretched, and burned out, unable to operate. Question 'In the past, there were the following ways and 1. Cooling of the main shaft with water jacket: It is connected to the outside of the main shaft and can be cooled by the outer ring. It cannot lower the main shaft rate and requires a freezer. The cost is high and the water quality is not easy. Because it is not easy to install the cooling device of the water jacket, only the mandrel is cooled, its cooling effect; and the accuracy of the water temperature control 2 The shaft is sprayed with cutting fluid or high pressure air for the shaft cooling: Because the space of the main shaft is limited This makes it difficult to design and assemble the pipeline, and it is difficult to design a high-speed rotating joint, and because the high-speed rotation on the mandrel causes the coolant to be cooled by a compressor or a compressor, it can achieve extremely high cooling capacity. '7 3. Variable preload mechanism:

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V. Description of the invention (2) 4 The hydraulic cylinder, spring, and pressure of the inner and outer races are used to reduce the pressure of the vehicle. However, the uncertain factors of hydraulic oil, spring, piezoelectric expansion and rigidity affect the factors. Reliability. Lubrication: The dynamic adjustment of the frictional force of the bearing on thermal expansion of the bearing. When the temperature rises, there are even leaks and manufacturing accuracy of the crystal. It is based on the bearing grease, oil and gas mixture, oil spray lubrication and inner ring lubrication. Although the temperature can still be lowered, it is still limited, especially when the temperature rise is still high, and the lubricating oil is still highly polluting. Purpose and effect: The main purpose of the present invention is to solve the above problems and provide a main shaft thermal expansion and thermal preload suppression and dynamic preload adjustment technology. The mandrel is made of zero-expansion and micro-expansion materials, and it is not easy for the temperature to expand. Deformation characteristics' enable the mandrel to maintain good accuracy. A second object of the present invention is to provide a spacer ring group made of a micro-expansion and negative-expansion material. When the temperature of the spacer ring group rises, the interference between the inner race and the outer race of 7 is reduced. Tightening force reduces the frictional force to reduce the thermal preload inhibition of I m X < Shang 幵 'on the 1st night, and with the micro, negative expansion material

In combination, you have more automatic dynamic preload adjustment capabilities to increase the service life of the mandrel and bearing. A preferred embodiment will be described in detail in conjunction with the drawings. The present invention will be described in detail below: As shown in Fig. 1, the main shaft of the present invention has a mandrel 丄 U. The striker Wenwu ★ 7, sleeve 1 0 is Invar , Super Invar or Zerodur, etc. ▽-ruler m bulging eyes 4 丄 "Made of materials, one end of the mandrel 10 is used to combine with the knife cover

526119 V. Description of the invention (3) (not shown in the figure), the other end is combined with a power source (not shown in the figure), and two ends of the mandrel 1 0 each have a bearing group 2 0 'the bearing group Series 〇 has two parallel bearings 2 1. The two bearings 21 are in order to respond to the mandrel 1 0 ′ in order to generate a higher axial and thrust thrust or reaction force. A bearing, the two bearings 21 respectively have an inner race 211 and an outer race 212, and a plurality of balls 2 1 3 'are provided between the inner and outer races 2 1 1 and 2 1 2 and the inner race 2 1 1 is sleeved on the mandrel 1 0 'and the outer race 2 1 2 is placed on

Within the main shaft sleeve 40, a spacer ring group 30 is provided between the two parallel bearings 21, and the thermal preloading ring group 30 includes an inner spacer ring 3 1 and an outer spacer ring 3 2. The outer spacer rings 3 1 and 3 2 are composed of various low-expansion and negative-expansion alloys (such as Ni-F e alloy). The inner spacer 3 1 series is sleeved outside the mandrel 10 and has two ends. They are closely attached to the opposite sides of the inner race 2 1 1 of the two bearings 21, and the outer spacer ring 3 2 is provided outside the inner spacer ring 3 1 and is not in contact with the inner spacer ring 31. The outer spacer The ring 3 2 is in close contact with the opposite side of the outer ring 2 1 2 of the two bearings 21 and is arranged in the main shaft sleeve 40. Please refer to Figure 2, because the spindle 10 is made of zero or micro-expansion materials such as In var 'Super Invar (Ni_Fe alloy) or Zerodur (ceramic material) (as shown in Figure 3) The graph of its material characteristics) 'and the mandrel 1 〇 is inherently small in space, that is, it is less likely to dissipate heat' With this kind of zero or micro-expansion material, the tool deflection and elongation error due to thermal expansion can be greatly reduced, At the same time, the sensitivity to external temperature changes can be reduced to improve the accuracy of the use of the machine tool to achieve the temperature change of the present invention.

Page 6 W6I19 V: Description of the invention 技术 Zero expansion mandrel technology. Negative expansion 丄 full K: interval 锿 3, 1, 2 are a variety of low expansion and beyond: t: t is held at a certain size to reduce the preheating pressure generated by thermal expansion, to the thermal preload suppression technology of this rabbit. Angle connection :: Bearing ::: Ring group 3 0 The two sides of the bearing 21 are single-row oblique d spare ring 211 and outer race 212 are respectively steeply angled between the balls 2 1 3, using the temperature to warm up When the inner, ρ ° & 3 1, 3 2 have different expansion or contraction amounts, the forces against the inner race 1 and the outer race 2 1 2 are different. For example: the inner spacer 3 1, the shrinkage is greater than Outer spacer ring 32, the inner spacer ring 3 丄 is relaxed to the inner race 1 ^ 1, so that the thermal expansion of the inner race 2 丄 i is effective, and the outer spacer ring 3 2 can still be slightly limited Outer race 2 core 3 expansion effect: make the ball 2 i 3 not be affected by the inner race 2 2 and the outer] 2 thermal expansion to increase the tightening force, and at the same time reduce the axial and tightening force, so the friction force can be reduced, And reduce the high speed = extend the service life of the mandrel 1 0 and grapefruit bearing 2 0 = pressure adjustment technology. Automatically take your time to predict that the invention can make mandrels from swollen materials; L 0 and spacer ring group 3 ^ ^ %% expansion and negative expansion material shape material, so that the mandrel 10 can maintain p is not easy When the temperature rises, the Λ degree upper ring expansion ring group 3 0 will decrease the accuracy of ^ f sub, and by the abutment force between 2 1 1 and the outer race 2 1 2: the inner seat of f bearing 2 1 The lower the temperature, the higher the mandrel and the lower the frictional force, and the shorter the service life of the car. m 526119 V. Description of the invention (5) In summary, the present invention has the above-mentioned advantages over the conventional formula, and meets the requirements of the new type of application. Therefore, the application is specifically filed; however, the above is only one of the inventions The preferred embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention, that is, all equivalent changes and modifications made in accordance with the scope of patent application of the present invention are covered by the scope of the patent of the present invention.

Page 8 526119 Brief description of the drawings Illustration of the drawings: Figure 1: An exploded perspective view of the present invention. Fig. 2: A sectional view of a combination of the present invention. Fig. 3: Temperature change curve of the zero-expansion, micro-expansion and negative-expansion materials used in the present invention. Description of drawing number: spindle 1 0 bearing 2 1 outer race 2 1 2 inner spacer ring 3 1 bearing group 2 0 inner race 2 1 1 ball 2 1 3 spacer ring group 3 0 outer spacer ring 3 2 spindle sleeve 4 0

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Claims (1)

526119 6. Scope of patent application 1 · A main material of the main material of the main shaft and the inner and outer race tube, including a variety of lower than the center opposite side, the spacer ring is not close to the side 2 · According to the application system and move Combined with the internal expansion of the knife shaft, there are two parallel seat rings, which are set with the two internal spaced expansions and the shaft outside, and the external contact, and a patented pre-press sleeve, and the expansion and thermal Pressure suppression and dynamic prediction, the mandrel system has a shaft at the zero end, the middle part between the two shaft races, and the two rows of bearings with a mandrel mandrel, the inner and outer bearings between the outer rows of the mandrel. There is a ring and an outer negative expansion joint, and the two ends are separated by a ring system. The outer space is separated from the main shaft around the first bearing system. A multi-outer ring spacer ring group is provided. The bearing pressure is adjusted for expansion or bearing groups, and the ball bearing is provided separately. The outer and outer spacer rings are provided inside and outside, and the outer seat technology is used to slightly expand the bearing into an inner seat. Set the relative distance between the seat ring and the inner ring The ring and the gold are closely fitted in the inner ring system and the sleeve. In the above-mentioned main shaft thermal expansion and thermal pre-compression adjustment technology, one end of the mandrel is used for the other end and one end is combined with a power source. Page 10