520585 A7 B7 五、發明説明（1 ) 發明範疇 本發明孫有關於通用行動電信系統（UMTS)之資料傳輸， 特別但非必要係有關於UMTS之傳輸資源配置。 發明背景 歐洲電信標準化協會（ETSI)目前正在進行行動電信系統 之一組新通信協定的標準化過程。該組通信協定合稱為通 用行動電信系統（UMTS) ^圖1說明簡化的UMTS層2協 定結構，該結構係涉及行動站台（例如行動電話）與UMTS 網路的行動網路控制器（RNCs)間的通訊。RNCs類似目前 GSM行動電信網路的基地台控制器（BSCs)，係透過收發器 基地台（BTS)而與行動站台通訊。 圖1之層2結構係由一組無線存取承載器（RABs)組成， RABs讓無線資源（及服務）可由使用者利用。對各個行動站 台而言可有一或數個RABs。來自rABs的資料流（以節段 形式）送至各表無線鏈路控制（RLC)實體，RLC之任務包括 s 緩衝接收的資料節段。對各個RAB有一個RLC實體。於 RLC層面，rABs映射至個別邏輯通道。媒體存取控制 (MAC)實體接收於邏輯通道傳輸的資料，進一步映射邏輯 通道至一組傳輸頻道。傳輸頻道最後映射至單一實體傳輪 頻道，該單一頻道具有由網路所配置的全頻寬（<2百萬位_ /秒）。 實體頻道可由一個行動站台（或UE)排它地使用，該種例 中稱作「專用頻道」（DCH)。另外一個實體頻道也可由數 個用戶共用，該種情況下頻道稱作為「專用共享頻道」 •4- s 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐) 520585 五、發明説明（2 ) (DSCH)。若頻道係由許多行動站台使用，而各自於有剩餘 容量可利用時將發送於接收資料，則該頻道稱作為「公用 頻道」（FACH/RACH)。對一部UE排成資料流量的MAC 實體稱作為MAC-d，對各個行動站台只有一個MAC-d實 體。如此由一部UE使用的專用實體頻道需由MAC-d實體 處理。連結至公用頻道（FACH/RACH或DSCH)之MAC 實體稱作為MAC-c/sh。對各個蜂巢單元只有一個MAC-c/sh實體。 UMTS讓行動站台用戶可維持永久性連結至UMTS陸地 無線存取網路（UTRAN)。但無法有足量傳輸頻道讓各個用 戶永久性指定一個專用頻道。UMTS通常係對此種「經常 性連結的」封包資料用戶指定一個最佳RAB，該最佳RAB 可介於公用頻道與專用頻道間切換，此種切換係由RNC的 無線資源控制（RRC)層所控制。當資料流量低時，使用者 設備（UE)被指定一個具有低通過流量的公用頻道.若資料 流量增加，則RRC配置一個具有高通過流量的專用頻道且 實施頻道切換。 RNC決定是否實施頻道切換係基於資料流量大小測量、 UE的RLC緩衝位準測量、以及於rnC的RLC的緩衝位 準測量及資料通過流量測量。特定言之，專用頻道與公用 頻道間是否作頻道切換係使用演算法則進行，該演算法則 使用對資料位置臨限值及計時器等參數預先配置的數值（可 能可由操作員變更），此等參數對全部UEs皆相等。如此即 使各個UE被分別監視評估頻道切換的需要，但無論資料流 -5 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐） 520585 A7 B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 量的差異如何，對全部UEs仍將適用相同臨限值以及計時 器值。 發明陳述 不同用彳對資料傳輸頻次以及強度有不同的需求，難以 選擇適當的臨限值以及計時器其可對全部用戶皆獲得妥當 的頻道配置，如-個UE可能經常檢查郵箱以及下載連 結，但互動時間短。若RNq用前述演算法則來控制頻道 切換，則分配給該UE的頻道將每次於用戶開始存取郵箱時 則由公用頻道切換成專用頻道，資料流量強度快速增加， 一旦第一下載完成則切換回公用頻道。但下一次下載之間 僅有短暫的暫停，此時UE又將切換回專用頻道。如此頻道 太過頻繁被切換。使用者感受到速度上的顯著差異，以及 執行頻道切換程序中於網路發訊增加。 此種情況下，較佳係讓UE維持在專用傳輸頻道經歷該有 效整個連續處理時間。然後若有一段相當的時間並無任何 下載動作，則切換成公用頻道。 本發明發明人瞭解若RNC用來決定何時將服在專用 頻道與公用頻道間切換使用的演算法則對全部的Uh使用 相同參數，則對某些UEs可能出現頻道配置未绩滿意情 本發明之目的係克服或至少緩和前段所述的缺點。此種 及其他目的至少部分係藉下述方式達成，允許部分或 用來決定何時作頻道切換的參數係對各個仙個別決定° 根據本發明之第-特徵方面，提供_種於通用行動電信 6- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家操準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公I) 520585 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 系統（UMTS)之無線網路控制器（RNC)實體配置傳輸資源給 用戶設備(UE)之方法，該方法包含： 配置至少一個傳輸頻道給UE ;以及 基於特別配置給該UE的參數而介於配置的頻道間切換。 較佳用以決定是否介於配置的頻道間作切換的參數係回 應於先前該UE進出資料的通過流量動態修改。 較佳初傳輸頻道為專用頻道、專用共享頻道及公用頻道 之一，以及介於配置的頻道間作切換步驟涉及由此等頻道 之一變更至另一頻道。 根據本發明之第二特徵方面，提供一種於UMTS之RNC 實體配置成傳輸資源給UE之方法，該UE被配置使用專用 傳輸頻道或存取公用傳輸頻道進行資料傳輸，此種配置可 由RNC切換，該方法包含使用一種適應調整的頻道切換演 算法則俾調整用於決定是否對該UE進行頻道切換的參數。 該調整係基於該UE先前的資料傳輸情況部分參數但非必 要全部由頻道切換演算法則使用的部分參數但非必要全部 參數如此可回應於UE的表現作個別適應性調整。 較佳參數包含緩衝位準臨限值、資料通過流量位準臨限 值以及計時器值中之一或多者。 較佳於RNC的頻道切換評估功能可於由網路操作員所配 置的數值範圍内調整由各個UE個別使用的參數。 圖式之簡單說明 圖1示意顯示UMTS之層2 ;以及 圖2為流程圖顯示由個別行動站台使用的頻道配置方 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐） 520585520585 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1) Scope of the invention The present invention relates to the transmission of data for the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). In particular, but not necessarily, it relates to the allocation of transmission resources for UMTS. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The European Telecommunication Standardization Institute (ETSI) is currently in the process of standardizing a new set of communication protocols for mobile telecommunication systems. This set of communication protocols is collectively referred to as the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). Figure 1 illustrates a simplified UMTS layer 2 protocol structure that involves mobile stations (such as mobile phones) and mobile network controllers (RNCs) of the UMTS network. Communication. RNCs are similar to the base station controllers (BSCs) of the current GSM mobile telecommunications network. They communicate with mobile stations through transceiver base stations (BTS). The layer 2 structure in Figure 1 is composed of a set of radio access bearers (RABs), which make radio resources (and services) available to users. There may be one or several RABs for each mobile station. The data stream (in the form of segments) from rABs is sent to the radio link control (RLC) entities of each table. The task of RLC includes s buffering the received data segments. There is one RLC entity for each RAB. At the RLC level, rABs are mapped to individual logical channels. The media access control (MAC) entity receives the data transmitted on the logical channel and further maps the logical channel to a set of transmission channels. The transmission channel is finally mapped to a single physical transmission channel, which has a full bandwidth (& 2 million bits / second) configured by the network. The physical channel can be used exclusively by a mobile station (or UE), in this case called a "dedicated channel" (DCH). Another physical channel can also be shared by several users. In this case, the channel is called a "dedicated shared channel". • 4- s This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 520585 5. Description of the invention ( 2) (DSCH). If a channel is used by many mobile stations and each will send to receive data when the remaining capacity is available, the channel is called a "common channel" (FACH / RACH). The MAC entity that arranges data traffic for a UE is called MAC-d, and there is only one MAC-d entity for each mobile station. In this way, the dedicated physical channel used by a UE needs to be handled by the MAC-d entity. A MAC entity linked to a common channel (FACH / RACH or DSCH) is called MAC-c / sh. There is only one MAC-c / sh entity for each hive unit. UMTS allows mobile station users to maintain a permanent connection to the UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN). However, there cannot be enough transmission channels for each user to permanently assign a dedicated channel. UMTS usually specifies an optimal RAB for this "recurrently linked" packet data user. The optimal RAB can be switched between the public channel and the dedicated channel. This switching is performed by the RNC radio resource control (RRC) layer. Controlled. When the data traffic is low, the user equipment (UE) is assigned a public channel with low passing traffic. If the data traffic increases, RRC configures a dedicated channel with high passing traffic and implements channel switching. The RNC decides whether to implement channel switching based on data traffic size measurement, UE's RLC buffer level measurement, and RLC's buffer level measurement and data passing flow measurement at rnC. In particular, whether the channel is switched between the dedicated channel and the public channel is performed using an algorithm. The algorithm uses pre-configured values for parameters such as data location thresholds and timers (may be changed by the operator). These parameters Equal for all UEs. In this way, even if each UE is monitored separately to evaluate the need for channel switching, regardless of the data flow -5 This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 520585 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3) How, the same threshold value and timer value will still apply to all UEs. The invention states that different applications have different requirements for the frequency and intensity of data transmission. It is difficult to choose appropriate thresholds and timers. It can obtain a proper channel configuration for all users. For example, a UE may often check the mailbox and download links. But the interaction time is short. If RNq uses the aforementioned algorithm to control channel switching, the channel allocated to the UE will be switched from the public channel to the dedicated channel each time the user starts to access the mailbox, and the data traffic intensity will increase rapidly. Once the first download is completed, the channel is switched Back to the public channel. However, there is only a short pause between the next downloads, at which time the UE will switch back to the dedicated channel. So the channel is switched too frequently. Users experience significant differences in speed and increase in network messaging during the channel switching process. In this case, it is better for the UE to maintain the dedicated transmission channel to experience the effective entire continuous processing time. Then if there is no download for a considerable period of time, switch to the public channel. The inventor of the present invention understands that if the algorithm used by the RNC to determine when to switch between dedicated and public channels uses the same parameters for all Uhs, channel configuration may not be satisfactory for some UEs. To overcome or at least mitigate the disadvantages described in the previous paragraph. This and other purposes are achieved at least in part by the following methods, which allow part or the parameters used to determine when to switch channels are determined individually for each cent. According to the -feature aspect of the present invention, _specified in Universal Mobile Telecommunications 6 -This paper size is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 male I) 520585 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) Radio network controller (RNC) entity of system (UMTS) configures transmission resources to user equipment (UE) method, the method comprising: configuring at least one transmission channel to the UE; and switching between configured channels based on parameters specifically configured for the UE. The parameter that is preferably used to determine whether to switch between the configured channels is dynamically modified in response to the passing traffic of the UE's incoming and outgoing data. The preferred initial transmission channel is one of a dedicated channel, a dedicated shared channel, and a common channel, and the step of switching between the configured channels involves changing one of these channels to another channel. According to a second characteristic aspect of the present invention, a method for configuring an RNC entity in UMTS to transmit resources to a UE is provided. The UE is configured to use a dedicated transmission channel or access a common transmission channel for data transmission. This configuration can be switched by the RNC. The method includes using a channel switching algorithm adapted to the adjustment, and then adjusting parameters for determining whether to perform channel switching on the UE. The adjustment is based on the previous data transmission conditions of the UE. Some parameters, but not necessarily all parameters used by the channel switching algorithm, but not all parameters, can be individually adaptively adjusted in response to the performance of the UE. The preferred parameters include one or more of a buffer level threshold, a data flow threshold threshold, and a timer value. The channel switching evaluation function, which is better than RNC, can adjust the parameters used by each UE individually within the value range configured by the network operator. Brief description of the drawing Figure 1 schematically shows layer 2 of UMTS; and Figure 2 is a flow chart showing the channel configuration method used by individual mobile stations. The paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 520585
法。 較佳具體實施例之詳細說曰t 如前文說明’簡化的UMTS層2係由各個行動站台的媒 體存取控制（MAC.d)實體以及各個無線存取承載器（rab) 之無線鏈路控制（RLC)實體組成，AC_d實體進行輸出資 料封包的排程’而RLC實體提供個別輸人流量的緩衝。 RRC層對各自資料流可傳輸的最大資料量作限制，rrc層 係對各個MAC指定一組容許傳輸格式組合（TFC：)(稱作為 TFC組或TFCS) ’但各個MAC必須經由從TFCS選擇最 佳可利用傳輸格式組合TFC而分別決定各自資料流傳輸的 資料量。 實體傳輸通道若由唯一行動站台（或用戶設備UE)使用則 稱作為專用頻道。公用頻道係由許多UEs共同使用。顯然 若UE使用專用頻道則比較與許多其他站台共用一個公用頻 道可更快速傳輸資料。隨著於UE之資料傳輸速率的改變， RNC可切換該UE的頻道配置；若當UE目前被配置一個 公用頻道而資料傳輸速率遽增時，UE可切換至專用頻道。 相反地，若當UE被配置一個專用頻道而資料傳輸速率減低 時，則UE可切換至公用頻道。rNC使用的演算法則係基 於UE以及RNC的資料流量測量、計時器、RLC緩衝位準 臨限值、以及資料通過流量位準測量值，俾決定是否變更 配置頻道。演算法則可於RRC層實施，或由RRC層與 MAC層的組合（或可能與若干其他層/實體）執行。 如前述，對全部UEs使用相同演算法則及臨限值及計時 -8 -law. The detailed description of the preferred embodiment is as described above. The simplified UMTS layer 2 is controlled by the media access control (MAC.d) entity of each mobile station and the radio link of each radio access bearer (rab). (RLC) entity, the AC_d entity performs the scheduling of the output data packets, and the RLC entity provides a buffer for individual input traffic. The RRC layer limits the maximum amount of data that can be transmitted by the respective data stream. The rrc layer specifies a set of allowable transmission format combinations (TFC :) for each MAC (referred to as the TFC group or TFCS). Jia can use the transmission format combination TFC to determine the amount of data transmitted by each data stream. The physical transmission channel is called a dedicated channel if it is used by the only mobile station (or user equipment UE). The common channel is shared by many UEs. Obviously, if the UE uses a dedicated channel, it can transmit data faster than sharing a common channel with many other stations. As the data transmission rate of the UE changes, the RNC can switch the channel configuration of the UE; if the UE is currently configured with a common channel and the data transmission rate increases, the UE can switch to a dedicated channel. Conversely, if the UE is configured with a dedicated channel and the data transmission rate decreases, the UE may switch to a common channel. The algorithm used by rNC is based on the data flow measurement of the UE and RNC, the timer, the threshold value of the RLC buffer level, and the measured value of the data flow level, and decides whether to change the configuration channel. Algorithms can be implemented at the RRC layer or a combination of the RRC layer and the MAC layer (or possibly with several other layers / entities). As mentioned above, use the same algorithm and threshold and timing for all UEs -8-
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(21〇x 297公釐) 520585 A7 B7 五、發明説明（6 ) 器可能導致對某些UEs的頻道切換不妥當及/或不必要。因 此RNC使用對臨限值及計時器值可作動態調整參數的演算 法則。該演算法則係對各個UE使用一組參數，該等參數係 由第二演算法則回應於UE的先前表現作調整。 參數可由操作員對全部UE作初步設定時設定，但預期隨 後可回應於其表現模式對個別UEs作調整。操作員也設定 參數可變化範圍。 為了調整參數，於RNC的頻道切換評估功能觀察由該 UE使用初步設定的臨限值以及計時器值於公用頻道及專用 頻道上需作頻道切換的頻次，以及資料傳輸量。 例如調整需設計為避免於一次階段性作業期間以可變的 資料通過流量經常於專用頻道與公用頻道間作切換。於一 次頻繁下載的作業階段，若各次下載之間有短時間的無活 動，則頻道切換演算法則於最初數次頻道切換之後作適應 性調整，降低通過流量低限值用於向下切換至公用頻道， 讓該UE仍允許留在專用頻道。當經過較長一段時間而沒有 資料流量時，演算法則返回最初設定值，而對該UE配置公 用頻道。 另一實例為UE係以短的叢發脈衝傳輸資料，該等脈衝容 易透過公用頻道傳輸（只要公用頻道未壅塞即可）。此種情況 出現於當用戶係透過網路瀏覽器存取網際網路時而需要相 當小量資料時。每次用戶要求一個網頁，則有資料傳輸的 短叢發脈衝但快速停止。經過數次叢發脈衝後，適應性調 整頻道切換演算法則偵測得此種行為，提高臨限值位準， -9-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21 × 297 mm) 520585 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (6) The device may cause improper and / or unnecessary channel switching for some UEs. Therefore, the RNC uses algorithms that can dynamically adjust parameters for threshold and timer values. This algorithm uses a set of parameters for each UE, and these parameters are adjusted by the second algorithm in response to the previous performance of the UE. The parameters can be set by the operator at the initial setting of all UEs, but it is expected that the individual UEs can be adjusted later in response to its performance mode. The operator also sets the parameter's variable range. In order to adjust the parameters, the channel switching evaluation function of the RNC observes the thresholds and timers used by the UE for the frequency of channel switching on the public channel and the dedicated channel, and the amount of data transmission. For example, adjustments need to be designed to avoid frequent switching between dedicated channels and public channels with variable data traffic during a phased operation. In the operation phase of a frequent download, if there is no activity for a short period of time between downloads, the channel switching algorithm is adaptively adjusted after the first few channel switchings. Public channel, so that the UE is still allowed to stay on the dedicated channel. When there is no data traffic after a long period of time, the algorithm returns to the original set value and configures a public channel for the UE. Another example is that the UE transmits data in short burst pulses, and these pulses are easily transmitted through the public channel (as long as the public channel is not congested). This situation occurs when the user needs a relatively small amount of data when accessing the Internet through a web browser. Each time a user requests a web page, there are short bursts of data transmission but the data stops quickly. After several bursts of pulses, the adaptive adjustment channel switching algorithm detects this behavior and raises the threshold level, -9-
訂Order
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210 X 297公釐) 520585 A7 _B7 ___ 五、發明説明（7 ) 因而允許該UE切換至專用頻道。若隨後該UE開始傳輸較 大量資料，則頻道切換演算法則返回初步設定值而允許切 換至專用頻道。 圖2為流程圖進一步舉例說明前述方法。圖2A顯示配置 頻道供單一 UE使用的方法，其中使用的參數為該UE的特 定參數。圖2B顯示適應性調整演算法則的動作，該法則將 與圖2A之方法並行而回應於UE的表現動態調整計時器及 臨限值。 為了執行前述方法，RNC將需要額外的監視設施來對各 個UE計數頻道切換頻次。各個UE有個關連的「内文資料 儲存」，只要該UE維持動作且由RNC所服務，則該儲存 資料由RNC所保有。該資料係有關UE的先前表現，傳輸 資料量以及頻道切換的頻次容易增加至此資料存庫。此處 隨後提供資訊給RNC，讓RNC可修改頻道切換演算法則 的參數。 前述頻道切換演算法則的改良讓操作員更容易決定初頻 道切換臨限值及計時器值，原因為此等數值於使用期間將 可動態作適應性調整，因此無須在一開始即為了適合全部 UE作精確「微調」。 避免不必要的頻道切換可對使用者獲得較佳服務，且減 少由於頻道切換造成網路上的發訊負載。 無須變更既有標準。如此表示於標準内部的一項專屬改 良。RHC載明規格已經允許使用個別的臨限值對各個UE 指定測量值。 -10- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X297公釐） 520585 A7 B7 五、發明説明（8 ) 需瞭解於落入本發明之範圍内可未背離前述較佳具體實 施例做出修改。 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS) A4規格(210X 297公釐) —裝·， •訂‘ ：·This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) 520585 A7 _B7 ___ V. Description of the invention (7) This allows the UE to switch to a dedicated channel. If the UE then starts transmitting a larger amount of data, the channel switching algorithm returns to the initial set value and allows switching to a dedicated channel. FIG. 2 is a flowchart further illustrating the foregoing method. Figure 2A shows a method of configuring a channel for use by a single UE, where the parameters used are specific to that UE. Fig. 2B shows the action of the adaptive adjustment algorithm, which will parallel the method of Fig. 2A and dynamically adjust the timer and threshold in response to the performance of the UE. To perform the foregoing method, the RNC will need additional monitoring facilities to count the frequency of channel switching for each UE. Each UE has a related "text data storage". As long as the UE maintains operations and is served by the RNC, the stored data is held by the RNC. This data is related to the previous performance of the UE, the amount of transmitted data and the frequency of channel switching are easily increased to this data bank. Here, information is provided to the RNC so that the RNC can modify the parameters of the channel switching algorithm. The improvement of the aforementioned channel switching algorithm makes it easier for the operator to determine the threshold and timer value of the initial channel switching. This is because these values can be dynamically adjusted during use, so there is no need to fit all UEs at the beginning. Make precise "fine adjustments". Avoiding unnecessary channel switching can provide users with better services and reduce the load on the network due to channel switching. No need to change existing standards. This is an exclusive improvement expressed within the standard. The RHC states that specifications already allow measurement values to be assigned to individual UEs using individual thresholds. -10- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 520585 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (8) It should be understood that it is possible to fall within the scope of the present invention without departing from the foregoing preferred embodiments Make changes. -11-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297mm) — installed ·, • order ‘: ·