TW513877B - Method for minimizing feedback responses in ARQ protocols - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for minimizing feedback responses (14, 16) in an ARQ protocol is disclosed, whereby different mechanisms can be used to indicate erroneous D-PDUs and construct S-PDUs. The S-PDUs -are constructed so as to optimize performance in accordance with certain criteria. One such criterion used is to minimize the size of the S-PDUs. A second such criterion used is to maximize the number of SNs included in an S-PDU of limited size.

Description

513877 A7

V. Description of the invention (1) References printed by employees of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives, etc. References for the application of this patent claim its priority, derived from and by reference to the pending US patent application. April 9, 1999. Day 6. / 128 5 17's Full disclosure. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates generally to the field of telecommunications, and in particular, it relates to Automatic Repeat Request (referred to as arq for short) agreement like Selective-re "at ARq prOt 〇c〇ls). Related technical descriptions When data is transmitted in telecommunication network nodes, certain algorithms are used to repair data errors and omissions generated in the point-to-point transmission connection. It is often used to repair the transmission process. The data error is the ARQ protocol. The existing ARQ protocol (algorithm) includes two peer entities, which communicate with each other through a transmission connection. Each entity includes a receiver and a sender. The data passed by these peer entities Units are often referred to as Protocol Data Units (hereinafter referred to as PDUs). The ARQ protocol includes certain rules to define the structure of PDU sending and receiving and the PDU structure. Therefore, the name "automatic repeat request" itself illustrates the basics of this protocol. Function: The receiving end requests the transmitting end to resend p D u which is lost or has errors during transmission. The receiving end will notify the transmitting end of those p D U that have been correctly delivered (ie, the receiving end acknowledges that the PDU was received correctly) and / or those PDUs were not received correctly. When the sender receives such a message, it will resend the lost PDU ° In other words, the a RQ protocol is a set of rules for sending and receiving in the communication system-4-This paper standard is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 Mm) ------- 7 ---; ----------- order --------- line (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

V. Description of the invention (2) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 2 This is enough to use South Efficiency's retransmission mechanism. For example, these rules indicate how and in what form the #PDU is constructed so that the receiving end can correctly decode the PDU and respond based on the result. There is a main type of 'information elements' that will be passed between two = peers | ff user information, error repair control data, and general technical data. These three types of p D ^ can be found in all existing A R Q coordinations. The user data p 0 u contains at least the user's materials and the security number. The error repair control data PDU contains a variety of control information and control functions used to repair errors, such as correct and negative acknowledgements (positive and negative acknowledgements). General control data p D u contains general control data. In the High Level Data Link Control (HDLC) protocol, which is the basis of many existing ARQ protocols, there is a kind of "sad PDU", otherwise known as an inferior frame (inf〇rrnati〇n Frame,

Frame), Supervisory Frame (S-Frame), Unnumbered Frame (U-Frame). Some examples of HDLC-derived ARQ protocols are used in the Radio Link Protocol (RLP) in the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) and General Packet Radio. Service (GPRS) Radio Link Control (RLC) and Logical Link Control (Locicai Link Control, LLC) protocols, infrared connection access protocol (infrared for IrDA systems)

Link Access Protocol (IrLAP), and lap-B protocol for X.25 systems. -5- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) I.: ^ --------- ^ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 513877 Λ7 _____B7__ 5. Description of the invention (3) It is clear that the p DU including user data and at least one serial number can be considered as a data PDU (Data PDU, D-PDU), which is used to repair / control errors (please read first Note on the back, please fill out this page again.) The PDU with incorrect control information is called Status PDU (S-PDU). In most communication systems, user data messages are transmitted in both directions between peer entities. A common feature in the ARQ protocol is the possibility of including error control information in the user profile P D U. This ability is known as piggybacking. For example, HDLC-derived protocols place confirmations in all information frames (ie, D_pdu). This confirmation informs the peer entity that the serial number of the P D U was correctly received last time. Most commonly used ARQ protocols have one or more mechanisms for repairing transmission connections, such as Stop-and-Wait ARQ, Go-back-N ARQ, and selective weight Overlay ARq. These mechanisms and the adoption of ARq are well known. Printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Figure 1 is a sequence diagram illustrating the implementation of the ARQ agreement. As shown, two ARQ peer entities 10, 12 communicate with each other. The arrows in Figure 1 indicate the transmission of PDUs between the two entities. Each arrow indicates the content of the pDU. In Figure 1, the transmitted D-PDU and S_PDUW sequence can be seen. The D-PDU includes user data, serial number (SN), and possible error control information. S_PDU contains status information but no user information. Each D-PDU will be combined with a sequence number (SN == X) to identify a specific D_pDu. Acknowledgement (ACK > x) is used to confirm any pDu with a small sequence number, x (SN < x). Inverse confirmation (NAK = x) is used to confirm 81 ^ \ 1) 1) 1; it has not been received correctly. Figure 1 shows the two types of π error control feedback response. For feedback response -6 513 877

V. Description of the Invention (4 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (such as S-PDU, ACK = 2) of which—14, the second ARQ peer entity is 12 and received SN = G and SN, pDUs. For the second kind of feedback = 1, 6, the first ARQ peer entity 丨 2 indicates that p D u with SN == 3 is damaged, and the first ARQ peer entity 10 needs to resend this PDU. Discussion, S-PDU is a special pDU transmitted between entities. S_PDU includes related information about the sequence number of the damaged PDU. There are two main methods for encoding the sequence number in S-PDU. One way is to list a list of required Sequence number of the retransmission. In the second method, a bitmap is used to indicate the order of retransmission. Therefore, in addition to expressing the order, s_pDU also includes a format indication field to allow the receiving end to distinguish between different p DU format (i.e. 〇_1 >〇1; and S-PDU) 〇-, the serial method (Ust) used to program the serial number, put the serial number of the wrong PDU in the S-pdu. If the serial length is not in advance Defined and known, the S-PDu will have a length block. Figure 2 is an example of this S-PDU, the serial number encoding method is used by the receiving end As shown in Figure 2, 'If the sender sends out a series of D_ PDUs with serial numbers from 0 to 15 and the serial numbers are 3, 5, 6, 7, 8 & PD1J, the receiver will generate The S-PDU of the content shown. For example, the first element in the series (immediately after the length field) indicates that the D-PDU with the sequence number 3 is wrong. The third and fourth elements in the series indicate the sequence numbers 5 to 8. The D-PDU has an error. The last element is used to confirm that the remaining p DUs are correct (the serial number is up to 15). The size of the S-PDU is determined by the number of bits, length field, And the serial number field. Therefore, the size of the S-PDU can be calculated using the following formula. 7- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ^ -------- Order ---- ----- line (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 513877 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Λ7 _____B7 V. Description of Invention (5) ^ Calculate: PDU.SIZElist = size (pdujormat .field) + size (length.field) + no.listelements * size (seq, no.field) 〇 (l) For example, the SSCOP protocol uses the tandem method , There are two s_pDu formats, which use "STAT" to represent the variable string length and "ustat" to represent a string with a limited number of elements (such as two elements). S_pdu of the map number encoding method. When the sequence number is indicated by a bitmap, the receiving end generates the S-PDU with the last sequence number and bitmap that correctly received D_pDU. This shore number is called the start serial number (Stan SN, SSN). Therefore, the S-PDU implicitly acknowledges that all D-PDUs with sequence numbers less than S S N have been received. Each position in the bitmap corresponds to that S-PDU relative to δ δ N. Basically, the size of the bitmap is the same as the size of the a R q receive pane, so no extra instructions are needed. If the bitmap size is not fixed, then its length must be revealed. The bitmap shown in FIG. 3 illustrates the s_PDU generated according to the example in FIG. 2 above, and its pane size is 16. The number of each position in the bitmap can only be 0 or 1. 1 indicates that the sequence number (SSN + bit_position) has been correctly received; 0 indicates that the sequence number (SSN + bit_position) has not been delivered correctly. Of course, the meanings represented by "〇," and "i," can be reversed. The S-p DU size using a bitmap can be derived using the following formula: PDU.SIZE Β1Τ μ AP = size (pdu · for mat. Fie Id) + size (SSN .field) ^ size (bitmap .field) ° (2 ) The RLC and LLC protocols of the GPRS system use this formula and pass the bitmap between peer entities for error control. Γ --------------- Order --------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) -8 A7 B7

Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

This paper standard applies Chinese national standard 513877 V. Description of invention (6) An obvious problem with existing ARQ agreements is that they are established statically (such as using fixed-length messages). In many specific cases, this approach will cause a waste of bandwidth resources' because a lot of extra unnecessary information will be transmitted. Take the following case as an example. When a large number of D-PDUs are transmitted between two ARQ peer entities in the system, these D-PDUs must be acknowledged and selected for retransmission. For some error control situations, existing solutions can introduce a lot of unnecessary waste. The following example illustrates this situation. Wideband-Code Division Mutliple Access (WCDMA), which is the standard of the second generation wireless communication system, uses the RLC protocol as its ARQ protocol. The number of its serial number set is from 0 to 4095 ', which means that the serial number is encoded by 12 bits. It is assumed that for high data transfer rates, the sequence numbers of relatively large sets must be addressed within s_pDu. In addition, it is assumed that the state of 100 D-PDUs (the serial numbers are ^ 彳 100) must be communicated between RLC peer entities in the S-PDU type. Through Table 1, we can see how many bits are needed to encode the s_PDU 'using the rate method and bitmap method, respectively. Different error occurrence conditions are used to highlight the significant difference in the number of bits required for the two methods. Assume that the following elements are large J Ma Weifan Figure 1 2 8 bit 70; length = 5 bits; P D U format indication field (used to distinguish D.PDl ^ s_PDU). Therefore, the 0-S-PDU size calculated according to Formula ⑴ and Formula (2) is as shown below. From the 2nd to 5th columns of the table, it can be known that the two solutions cannot efficiently construct a small S-PDU to respond to such an error situation. The number of error D-PDUs listed is 0 ^ y σ. Open so Λ 错误 The 14th and the 2nd column of the comparison of the error distribution in the pane used by it have been confirmed. (210 x297 mm)

------- 7 ---: ----------- Order --------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 513877 Λ7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Description (7)

ϊ ~ ϊ ~~ " ~~ The basic statement of the solution to this problem is to determine how to efficiently describe (encode) the number distribution of 11 numbers in the set of m numbers in one section. Thus, there is a significant need to find a way to optimize the size of S-P D U in the A R Q agreement. If it is not possible to put all possible number of sequence numbers into one S-PDU, there is also a significant need to maximize the number of sequence numbers that the size nms_PDU can contain. The following will explain in detail how the present invention successfully solves the above problems and other problems. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the first embodiment of the present invention, a method is provided for minimizing the arq protocol (feedback response '). There are many different mechanisms to indicate the wrong D_pDu and construct the S-PDU. Most specifically, these * same mechanisms Can be combined into a single s-ρ ^. S_PDU is constructed according to several criteria to optimize system performance. The first criterion is used to minimize the size of the S_PDU. The second criterion uses -10- paper ¥ scale Specifications⑵G x 297 -------: —_—-------- Order --------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Wisdom of the Ministry of Economy Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Property Bureau 513877 Λ7 _ B7 V. Description of the invention (8) to maximize the number of serial numbers that can be contained in a fixed-length S-PDU. An important technical advantage of the present invention is to save the radio interface bandwidth Resources. Another important technical advantage of the present invention is that the agreement overhead can be minimized. Another important technical advantage of the present invention is that it can increase the system capacity. Another important technical advantage of the present invention is the number of feedback responses. Possible in selective repeat ARQ agreement Brief description of the drawings With reference to the following drawings, a more complete understanding of the methods and tools of the present invention can be obtained: Figure 1 is a sequence diagram showing the application of the ARQ protocol; Figure 2 shows that the receiver uses The serial number is generated by encoding; FIG. 3 illustrates that the receiving end encodes the serial number by using a bitmap method to generate an S-PDU; FIG. 4 is a bitmap message for s_pDu according to the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 5 is a view according to the present invention In the first embodiment, the serial S-PDU bit and content information generated in the second column of Table i should be used; FIG. 6 is the serial information bad bit constructed according to P constructed in the first embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 7 is based on The content of the AC κ message constructed by the flute-T y 1 of the present invention and the 〇Λ ^ 月 罘 一 violet; how to construct the s · 叩 口 according to the second embodiment of the present invention; according to the second embodiment of the present invention, it is displayed. No.-How to merge and put in the morning S-PDu; x 297 mm) ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ — ^ 1 ϋ ϋ I — ^ 1 1 1 ·· n ί ^ 1 nn 』mouth, 1§ ϋ ϋ ί Βϋ ϋ ϋ I (please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Λ7 Five X Invention Description (9 [Ώ Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 10 is the first-merged placement order-S-PDU according to the present invention; FIG. 11 is the second merging placement of a single s-PDu according to the present invention; FIG. 12 is the second merging placement of a single S-PDU according to the present invention; and Figure 13 shows a single S-PDU integrated into the second combination according to the present invention. Detailed description of the drawings ^ ^ Figures to Figure 1 3, like the text used in similar and related parts in various figures Examples and advantages of the invention. Basically, according to the first embodiment of the present invention, a method is provided for minimizing the Q t cut response. The error D-PDU is indicated by many different mechanisms and the S_PDU is constructed. Constructed based on several criteria to optimize system performance. The first criterion is used to minimize the size of s_pDU. The second criterion is used to maximize the number of sequence numbers that can be contained in a fixed-length S-PDU. ° In particular, the basic components that will be described hereafter are messages. For this example, the message can be described by Type, Length, Value, and TL V. In other words, each message includes three blocks. One field contains type information, the second field contains length information, and the third field contains a number. The size of the type field is preferably not zero. However, the size of the other two blocks can be zero. As mentioned earlier, all existing bitmap solutions are shown in the constructed S-Examples. Example shows how the contents of the second column of Table 1 are displayed, how the contents of the third column of Table 1 are implemented, and how the contents of the fourth column of Table 1 are displayed. The example shows how the content in the fifth column of Table 1-12. This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ------- Γ ---.------ ----- Order --------- ^ — ^ 1 f Please read the Zhuyin on the back first? Please fill in this page again} Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 513877 Λ7 ____________ B7 V. Description of the Invention (10) The PDU contains the last serial number of the D-PDU (herein referred to as S S N). S S N means that there is no error before this serial number. In other words, S S N is used to confirm all D-PDUs with sequence numbers to SN. For this typical embodiment, the basic message used to minimize the feedback response in the ARQ protocol can be constructed as follows. This embodiment adopts the BITMAP method, and the sequence number put into the s-PDU represents any (not necessarily the first) sequence number of the wrong ο-ρϋυ in the sequence number set. The status of subsequent serial numbers is displayed as a bitmap. Although the serial number of the first error D-P D U is used in this exemplary embodiment, it should be understood that in the bitmap method, any D-PDU single number (from the serial number set) can be replaced. In this case, the status of the sequence number (0 or 丨) must also be placed in the S-PDU. Therefore, the BITMAP message can be generated using the type indication field, the first sequence number (FSN) bit, the bitmap length field, and the bitmap field. FIG. 4 shows a bitmap message in an S-PDU field according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Regarding the bitmap message shown in Figure 4, there are many ways to describe the length (length unit) of the bitmap. One method is to use a predefined number of bits as the basic data unit to state the size of the bitmap. Such a data unit can arbitrarily use one or more bits, bytes, bit words, etc. as its resolution. For example, if a byte is used as the basic data unit 'length field number, X represents 8 * X serial numbers can be put into the bitmap. The unit can also use the number of bits to state the size of the bitmap.

A method for stating the length of a bitmap is to use a different sequence number to indicate the last sequence number covered by the bitmap. The size of the length field is the same as the size of the F S N field. Therefore, the size of the bitmap can be F s N -13- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) !! ']! ------- 丨 order- ------- line (please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 513877 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Λ7 H7 V. Invention Description (11) Calculated by subtracting the LENGTH field. The third method for stating the length of the bitmap is to fix the size of the bitmap ', so no LHNGTI bit is needed in the S-PDU. Or the size of the LENGTH 襕 bit can be set to 0. If the serial number covered by the bitmap is notified by the remote end, the F S N field can also be set to 0. This method is described in more detail below. It should be noted that the traditional data compression method can also be applied to compress the information in the bitmap field. Therefore, both normal and compressed bitmaps can be placed in S-PDUs. In this case, the type field 压缩 of the compressed bitmap must be different from the type stop 値 of the normal bitmap. As mentioned earlier, a significant disadvantage of the existing L I S T method is that two sequence numbers are required for each error group. The error group is composed of a single or consecutive D_PDU errors. In order to solve the problems caused by the list method with this typical embodiment, only the error serial number will be listed. Compared with the existing LIST solution, the size of the generated S-PDU is significantly reduced in many specific error situations. According to this embodiment, another method can be used to reduce the size of the S-PDU. The existing LIST method (two serial numbers per error group) is combined with the single serial number serialization method described above to generate serial information. For example, the existing LIST & can be improved by introducing the following rules to generate the LENGTH field 値: (1) Zero number 値 is the application of the single error sequence LIST method. The second (new) length bit follows the original LENGTH field to indicate the number of single error numbers that follow. All serial elements state a single error serial number, and no confirmation is required when using this serial method. -14- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 public love) τ --------------- Order --------- line ( Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 513877 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 ----- one EL — _ 5. Description of the invention (12) (2) The last number is expressed in odd numbers The serial element is true. (3) Use even numbers (except 〇) to say " ^ ,,) to indicate that the next serial element is not taken as confirmation. According to this embodiment, the present phase is # #. See d. The results of the S_PDU (LIST) in the first and second columns of Table 1 only include the internal traffic and the stop shown in Figure 5. Therefore, if the second column ^ bit ^ small shown in Table 丨 is used according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the total length of s_pDu is 59 bits το. According to the present invention, the size of s_pDu is smaller than the number of bits required by the existing LIST solution (4). Figure 6 illustrates another method that can be used to reduce the s_pDU size generated by the LIST method. The method adopted according to this embodiment is to place the string at each string = prime (later determine the wrong length, instead of indicating the length of the string with the ending sequence number. In the Da Shaofen system, the length block The size is sufficiently smaller than the size of the serial number shelf. Tian ^ -7- -L. ^ ^ Therefore, it is necessary to state very large I, continuous, and wrong β-PDUs (that is, large error groups) in the S-PDU. ) .. In the ^ -PDU, the block of the new message (represented by "UST ,,") is shown in Figure 6. The new length field introduced by each sequence number (represented by "L ,,") meets 1 LENGTH. The number of L can be zero to further improve the function of the LIST message formed. Therefore, there are several ways to use it. (1) When L 値 is zero, it means that the serial number is confirmed (ie u does not point out an error). (2) The zero number is notified. The end of the message. If the interpretation of the last _ number has been defined in advance, the first LENGTH block can be omitted. For example, the last number can be restricted to forever Just confirm (_-like the practice of item ι), or the length can be predefined. (Such as pointing out a single error According to the second embodiment of the present invention, a number of different message types can be combined to generate an S_PDU. These message types can be added in any order s -15- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21G X 297 Public reply) ------ τ ---------------- Order --------- line (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) M3877

V. Description of the invention (13 The DU printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, and there is no stipulation on how many messages or those types can be put into. For this typical embodiment, each message includes the type means not left Bit and its length is fixed or expressed by the length field of the message. The first type indication block appears. In the generated s_pDU, it is better to have a pre-defined position. The remaining types The status indicator can fall in any position 'depending on the size of the included message. For example, "LIS Ding ,," BITMAP ,, and "ACK ,," etc. can be put into s-Pdu. Can be placed in S- The number of PDU messages depends on the size (number of bits) of the type indication field of 3 邛 1) 11. For example, the type indication [the size of the field can be determined by the following formula:

Size (type.field) 2 jj〇g2 (number of possible messages + 1) ", (3) L" operation symbol represents the parameter is rounded to the largest positive integer that is not greater than the parameter. The use of the "+ 1 '" part of the parameter is to let the type indication field indicate that no other message is included in the S-PDU. This special instruction block is represented by a NO-MORE message. Therefore, according to formula (3), the size of the type of block required for 3 different messages is 2 bits, because Llog2 (4) ″ = 2. The content of the “ACK” message constructed in this embodiment is shown in FIG. 7. The A C K message shown in FIG. 7 includes a type indication bit and a serial number. The a c K message indicates the end of the S-PDU, and if all previously received d-PDUs are not displayed as an error in the S-PDU, it is confirmed by the sequence number. Therefore, when an AC message is put into the S-PDU, it is not necessary to put a no__m0RE message to indicate the end of the S-PDU.

Suppose there is a LIST message with confirmation characteristics (l 値 is 0, representing SN -16- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) * 7 r -------- --- ^ --------- C Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 513877 A7 B7 V. Invention Description (14) For confirmation, and There is a LENGTH field). When the “BITMAP” message is next to the “LIST” message, the size of the F S N field is zero. Therefore, the first sequence number in the bitmap is SNlength + Llength. In addition, when the “LIST” message length field is zero, it means that other LENGTH fields are put in, and the message construction method is shown in FIG. 5 without the LSNi field. Another way to obtain the above-mentioned LIST characteristics is to define a new state (such as "LIST"). However, the size of the type field will be affected, resulting in a larger S-PDU. In any event, a trade-off is needed to consider choosing the best rules to follow the 'combination approach' described above. FIG. 8 shows how to construct an S-PDU according to the above combination method. As shown in the figure, the generated S-PDU contains two “BITMAP” messages and one “LIST” message. The second BITMAP message does not include the FSN field (or the FSN field is zero). Therefore, the first element of the bitmap states the number of the serial number 値 SNlength + Llength 0. To demonstrate the benefits of the above-mentioned combination method, this method is applied to the example in Table 1 above for illustration. According to the second embodiment of the present invention, Table 2 shows that different messages (corresponding bits 値) can be combined into the S-PDU. For this example, each S-PDU must start with a type indication field as shown in the figure. In addition, the size of the LENGTH and the LSNi unit must be 5 bits. Therefore, these fields can be set to numbers such as 0 ~ 32 (25). Even though the size of these fields is fixed, they do not need to be the same size, as shown in this example (the LENGTH block of the .BITMAP message can be different from the LENGTH field of the LIST BITMAP message). The number of LENGTH blocks in the BITMAP message corresponds to the size of the bitmap in byte units (that is, the maximum 8 * 32 = 256 serial number can be -17 in the S-PDU.-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210 X 297 mm) ------ r--J ----------- order --------- line (please read the notes on the back before filling (This page) 513877 Λ7 B7 V. Description of the invention (15) Addressing). The size of all fields containing serial number 値 is 12 bits (FSN, SN, and SSN fields). Type indication field number 値

NO MORE 00

LIST 01

BITMAP 10

ACK 11 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Table 2 Figures 9 to 13 show the s-pdu content in each column of the example described in Table 1. This embodiment chooses such a combination to minimize the total length of the S-PDU. As shown in FIG. 9, regarding the first column of the s-PDU (combination mode) generated by the example in Table 1. Figure 10 shows the contents of the second column, and Figure 11 shows the contents of the third column. Please note that by inserting the AC C type in Figure 11 to replace the serial element SN, the total length of the S-PDU can save 5 extra bits. Figure 12 shows the contents of the fourth column in the generated S-PDU, and Figure 12 shows the contents of the fifth column. Therefore, the entire coded S-PDU content can be obtained by concatenating all the numbers in the "bit" field. For example, the first column of the S-PDU (Figure 9) will appear as: "01 000010000001 1001 1 1 101 1 i 1000001 1001ο Γ. Table 3 shows the it! WS-pDU constructed according to the existing LIST and BITMAP methods, and According to the combination method used in the second embodiment of the present invention, the size of the S-pdu can be obtained by adding the `` block size, block, and block-out '' in Figures 9 to 13. From Table 3, it can be seen that the compound obtained by the combination method of this embodiment The S-PDU size is much smaller than the S-PDU generated by the existing solutions.: --- ^ ------------ Order --------- line (please read the back first Please pay attention to this page and fill in this page) -18-513877 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (16 S-PDU size (number of bits) Application of the most southern technology method

LIST

BITMAP combined solution 42 141 38 2 114 141 74 138 141 78 4 282 141 121 114 141 53 Table 3 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

In many ARQ protocols, the D_PDU & size is predefined and can only be different numbers in a finite set. If the user data provided to the Arq transmitting entity is smaller than the size of the D-PDU, padding can be used. Padding is a technique used to fill meaningless data in the remaining vacancies in the PDU. For example, if the D-PDU can be filled with 20 bytes and the ARQ transmission entity has only 4 bytes of user data, the remaining blanks of the D_PDU can be filled with 6 bytes of filling data. The length of the user profile is displayed in the D-PDU. The RL and C protocols of GPRS and w-CDMA systems use this type of stuffing function. The combining method of the second embodiment can also be efficiently used with the zoning method. For example, if there are enough slots to fill the status message, the ARQ entity may have status information in the last user data byte. At any time, when no status information is placed in the D-PDlj stuffing area, the NO-MORE type indication field needs to be used. The dual-band architecture can advantageously reduce two ARQs Γ -------- ^ --------- ^ — ^ 1 (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) 0 Paper- 19- 513877 Λ7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17) The number of packets exchanged between entities, thus saving system capacity. The cost of the dual-band method architecture is very low, because there is no need to reserve a field in the D-PDU, which explains why all existing ARQ protocols use the dual-band method. Although the embodiments of the method and tool of the present invention can be illustrated by the drawings, it should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, and can be reorganized and modified without departing from the scope of the patent application as stated and defined below. , And replacement 0 (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs -20

Claims (1)

513877 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Λ8 ⑼ C8 1) ¾ Scope of Patent Application 1. A method for minimizing the feedback response in the automatic repeat request agreement, including the following steps: On the communication link Sending multiple copies of the first data unit; receiving the multiple copies of the first data unit; and responding to the receiving step, constructing a message field for the second data unit, the message bit including at least a type indication field, a serial number field, and a length field Bits, and content fields. 2. The method according to item 1 of the patent application, wherein the message bit contains a bitmap message. 3. The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the serial number field contains a serial number to indicate an incorrect first data unit among the plurality of first data units. 4 · The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the serial number field contains any serial number in multiple first data units. 5. The method according to item 1 of the patent application, wherein the length field includes the length field of the content field. 6. The method according to item 1 of the patent application, wherein the content bit contains a bitmap. 7. The method of claim 1 in the patent scope, wherein the plurality of first data units include a plurality of ARQ agreement units, which contain user data. 8. For the method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the plurality of second data units include information about the missing or incorrect first data unit. 9. The method according to item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the length field size is 0 and a predefined bitmap size is used. 10. For the method of applying for the item 1 in the patent scope, where the length field indicates -21-This paper & degree is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the note on the back first (Please fill in this page again for matters) ·. Order ά—φ -------.——.------------- 513877 A8 m C8 1) 8 6. Scope of Patent Application ' The last sequence number in the metamap. 11 _ The method according to item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the number 値 of the length field includes 0. 12. The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the size of the serial number field is equal to 0 0 13. The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein at least one of the plurality of first data units is used for piggybacking (piggy -back) the message bit. 14. The method of claim 1 in the scope of patent application, wherein the A RQ agreement includes a selective repeat of the A R Q agreement. 15 · —A method for minimizing the feedback response in the automatic repeat request agreement, including the following steps: · transmitting multiple first data units over the communication link; receiving the multiple first data units; and responding to receiving Step: Construct a message field for the second data unit. The message field includes at least one type indication field, length field, multiple error serial number fields, multiple error serial number length blocks, and each of the multiple copies. The error serial number field is combined with one of the multiple error serial number length fields. 16. The method of item 15 in the scope of patent application, wherein the status information field contains a series of information. · 17. The scope of patent application in scope 15 Item method, wherein at least one of the multiple error serial number length fields contains 0. 18. For the method according to item 15 of the patent application scope, wherein the length block contains a number of 0. 19. If applied The method of item 15 of the patent scope, where the length field contains odd-22- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this ) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 0T ϋ ϋ ϋ ί ί III ϋ Βϋ H ι ι > 1 ϋ 1 «n ϋ n« I n ϋ ϋ n I n ϋ · ϋ ϋ ϋ m 513877 Wisdom of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed clothing for employees' cooperatives of the Property Bureau μ Η8 C8 ί) 8 ", the number of patent applications, indicating that the last SN is true; tolerance 20. If the method of the 15th patent application, the length of the package The number indicates that the last S N # is a confirmation. 〃〆 21. As in the method of claim 15 of the patent application, where the number of elementary elements contains multiple ARQ agreement units, which contains the user poverty section. " 〆22. For example, the method of claim 15 in the scope of patent application, in which the plurality of copies of the second data element contains information about the first data unit which is missing or wrong ^, 23 5 methods, of which at least one data unit of the multi-injury brother is also used to carry the information field. 24. The method of item 15 in the scope of patent application, wherein the ARQ agreement includes the erroneous repetition of the ARQ agreement I. 25.-Used in automatic repeat request agreement The method for minimizing the feedback response includes the following steps: transmitting multiple copies of the first data unit over the communication link; receiving the multiple copies of the first data unit; and responding to the receiving step, constructing a local message for the second data unit ^ Block, the one or more message fields include at least one tragedy indication field, serial number block, length field, content field, multiple error number fields, and multiple error number length fields, each The multiple injury deduction sequence blunt field is combined with one of the multiple error serial number length fields. 26. The method of claim 25, wherein the one or more message blocks further include a confirmation message. 27. The method according to item 25 of the scope of patent application, wherein the last message block of the one or more interest-bearing fields includes the second N material unit. The paper is also applicable to Chinese national standards. (CNS) A4 (21〇x 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) · ϋ ϋ n ϋ H ϋ I-#-r «» J · ϋ I i II n II n ϋ ϋ ϋ ϋ I ϋ mL · I n ϋ- ϋ ϋ nn 1 · ϋ nn I-I n Printed clothing by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 513877 A8 B8 C8 DS 6. The scope of patent application is all other one or more messages Confirmation of the wrong SN indicated in the field. 28. The method of claiming the 25th item of the patent application, wherein the one or more message bits further include a no more message 0 29. The method of claiming the 25th item of the patent application, The one or more message stalls include bit 7L map messages. 30. For the method of applying for the 25th item in the scope of patent application, wherein the serial number field contains a serial number, which is used to indicate the incorrect # 1 data list of the first data unit, 7L 0 31. Method 25-item, wherein the length field contains the length number of the content field. 32. The method of claim 25, wherein the content field contains a bitmap. 33. The method according to item 25 of the patent application scope, wherein the multiple copies of the first data unit include multiple ARQ agreement units, which contain user data. 34. The method of claim 25, wherein the plurality of second data units include information about the first data unit that is missing or incorrect. 35. The method according to item 25 of the patent application range, wherein the length field size is 0 and a predefined bitmap size is used. 36. The method of claim 25, wherein the length field indicates the final serial number in the bitmap. 37. The method according to item 25 of the patent application, wherein the length block includes a number of zero. -24- This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -St βϋ ϋ it one 0, _ ϋ III ϋ n I 1 I n I ϋ · ϋ ϋ —in I HM ϋ I n ϋ ϋ ϋ I ϋ n ϋ ϋ I 513877 Λ8 HH CH D8 Patent application scope Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Employee Consumer Cooperatives Printed Agriculture 38 · If the scope of patent application is the second The method of 5 items, wherein the size of the serial number field is equal to 0 039. For the method of item 25 of the scope of patent application, the field contains serial information. 40. The method according to item 25 of the scope of patent application; the number of the error number length field contains 0. 41. If the method of the 25th item in the scope of patent application, the number, indicating that the last S N is confirmation. 4Z If the method of the 25th item in the scope of the patent application, the number, indicating the last S N is not a confirmation 43. If the method of the 25th item in the scope of the patent application, optionally repeat the ARQ agreement 44. According to the method of claim 25 in the scope of patent application, a data unit is used to carry the one or more message fields 45.-a system used in the ARQ agreement to minimize the feedback response, including: the first pair Peer entity; second peer entity; and a communication link coupled between the first peer entity and the second peer entity for data communication between them; 4 the first peer entity includes some Method for the communication link to transmit multiple copies of the first data unit to the second peer entity; 泫 The first peer entity includes methods to receive the first data unit and construct the second data unit / One or more message bits, the one or more message fields include at least one metamorphic indication field, one or more messages, where at least one of the multiple copies is wrong, and the length block contains an odd number of the length column Bits include even, where the ARQ agreement includes selecting at least one of the plurality of -25- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ·· .- • Line 丨 --Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 513877 A8 B8 C8 D8 A content field, multiple error serial number fields, and multiple error serial number length fields. Each of the multiple error serial number blocks is combined with one of the multiple error serial number length fields. 46. The system of claim 45, wherein the one or more message fields further include a confirmation message. 47. The system according to item 45 of the scope of patent application, wherein the last message bit of the one or more message fields contains the second data unit that is not indicated by all other message fields. Confirmation of wrong SN. ^ 48. The system according to item 45 of the patent application, wherein the one or more message fields further include a no more message 〇49. The system, item 45 in the patent application , Where the one or more message fields include a bitmap system. 50. The system according to item 45 of the scope of patent application, wherein the serial number field contains a serial number, which is used to indicate the incorrect first data tr of the multiple first data units as early as 7L 0 51. 4 5 item system, wherein the length field contains the length of the content field. 52. The system of claim 45, wherein the content field contains a bitmap. 53. If the system of claim 45 is applied for, the plurality of first data units include multiple ARQ agreement units, which contain user data. 54. If you apply for the system of item No. 45 in the scope of patent application, among which are multiple second information sheets-26- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the note on the back first Please fill in this page for more details) · ϋ ϋ n ϋ II ϋ One sip, I ϋ n ϋ ϋ I n I nnnn in n »n Hi 1 ^-nn I n ϋ ϋ ϋ I— n in ϋ II Staff of Intellectual Property Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Cooperative 513877 A8 B8 C8 D8, the scope of the patent application '— yuan contains information about the first data unit that is missing or incorrect. 55. The system according to item 45 of the patent application range, wherein the length field size is 0 and a predefined bitmap size is used. 56. The system of claim 45, wherein the length field indicates the final serial number in the bitmap. 57. The system of claim 45, wherein the length field contains a number of zero. 58. If the system of the 45th item of the patent application is applied, the size of the serial number field is equal to 0 0 59. If the system of the 45th item of the patent application is applied, the one or more message blocks include the event information. * 60. If the system of item 45 of the scope of patent application, at least one of the multiple error serial number length 襕 digits contains 0. 61. The system of claim 45, wherein the length bit contains an odd number, indicating that the last S N is an acknowledgement. 62. The system of claim 45, wherein the length bit contains an even number, indicating that the last S N is not a confirmation. 63. If the system of claim 45 is applied for, the ARQ agreement includes the optional repeating ARQ agreement. 64. If the system of the scope of application for item 45 is applied, at least one of the plurality of first data units is used to carry the one or more message fields. -27- This paper size is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) · _ ϋ I ϋ ^^ 1 or i ^ i ϋ ϋ ϋ i ^ i —ϋ II a ^ i ϋ. ^ 1 ϋ n —a— n (^ 1 ϋ ϋ i ^ i an ϋ ϋ a ^ i ϋ ^^ 1 ϋ II ϋ ^^ 1