經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 510959 A7 B7__ 五、發明說明（I ) 發明之領域 本發明係關於一種蓄冷式冷凍庫，用來收容必須保冷之 生鮮食品或是醫藥品等之物品，並且可由貨車等之運輸車 輛搬運。 先前技術說明 習知上，這種蓄冷式冷凍庫，一般具有隔熱性保冷庫， 其前面開口設有小門，以及配置在庫內下方之蓄冷劑，以 及使蓄冷劑成熱密著性而並設之蒸發器，及與蒸發器連接 之冷卻裝置所構成之壓縮機或凝縮器等之機器，及將配置 在庫內之蓄冷劑所形成之冷氣循環用之送風機，及驅動送 風機用之電池。這種蓄冷式冷凍庫中，由於與外部電源連 接而驅動冷卻裝置，而使蒸發器被冷卻，因而蓄冷劑可被 冷卻（蓄冷完成）到預定溫度上（例如-3 6 °C )。然後，由蓄 冷劑進行的保冷運轉，是在解除與外部電源之連接之後’ 使用內藏之電池來驅動送風機。因此，此種蓄冷式冷凍庫 即使在貨車等之運輸車輛等外部電源無法確保之情況下 ，亦可達成物品之保冷。 然而，這種蓄冷式冷凍庫中最大的問題在於蓄冷劑之結 霜。亦即，雖然對蓄冷劑而言，多少可容許其結霜’過度 之結霜（過結霜）形成時，在蓄冷劑周圍之空氣流動會惡化 ，而且由於霜本身之隔熱作用，而使蓄冷劑之冷或熱無法 充分地在庫內放出。因此，會產生庫內溫度無法冷卻到預 定溫度，或者使用蓄冷劑之保冷時間會縮短等問題。從而 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） • 0 ^ -------訂·--------線— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 510959 A7 B7 五、發明說明（>) ，使用者必須監視蓄冷劑是否產生結霜，在過結霜產生時 ，必須進行適當之蓄冷劑除霜。-【本發明欲解決的問題】 因此，習知上提議有一種在蓄冷劑產生過結霜時，警告 燈會亮之蓄冷式冷凍庫。這種蓄冷式冷凍庫中，蓄冷劑之 蓄冷幾乎完成時，以庫內溫度爲基準，而判別蓄冷劑之結 霜狀態，在判定爲過結霜產生時，使警告燈亮起/。使用者 因應於警告燈之亮起，而進行必要之除霜即可。 但是，這種蓄冷式冷凍庫中在警告燈亮起時，幾乎是蓄 冷劑之蓄冷已經完成時之狀態。因此，從此狀態開始進行 除霜時，在蓄冷劑所蓄積之能量被浪費，而且除霜處理之 時間會變得很長。 針對這種問題，該警告燈在蓄冷完成時不亮燈，在下次 蓄冷開始時才進行亮燈之方法亦被考慮。但是，這種蓄冷 式冷凍庫中，因爲會有進行蓄冷作業之地點與商品收容到 保冷庫中的地點不同之情形，在此情形下，一旦外部電源 之供給被切斷後，在商品收容之地點再將電源插上回復供 電。這樣的使用狀態下，在商品收容之地點再將電源插上 回復供電時，該警告燈會亮起。因而有與警告燈在蓄冷完 成時亮燈之情形一樣的問題產生。 【發明之扼要說明】 本發明乃是鑑於上述問題而發展，而提供一種蓄冷式冷 凍庫，其目的在使蓄冷劑之結霜狀態，在適切之時點上被 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） · ‘ ------訂·--------線— (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 510959 A7 B7 五、發明說明（j ) 確實地認知。 【解決課題之手段】 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 爲了達成上述目的，本發明申請專利範圍第1項之發明 爲，具有蓄冷劑、及使蓄冷劑被冷卻用之冷卻裝置，它是 由蓄冷劑使冷氣循環，而使庫內冷卻’其特徵爲具有：蓄 冷劑之結霜狀態檢測裝置，用來檢測蓄冷劑之結霜狀態； 及記憶裝置，可在蓄冷完成時，將該結霜狀態檢測裝置所 檢測的蓄冷劑結霜狀態記憶起來；及計時裝置，用來計算 從蓄冷劑開始進行庫內的保冷所經過的時間；及輸出裝置 ，用來在蓄冷劑之蓄冷開始以前，由計時裝置所計算的時 間經過預定之時間以上，而且該記憶裝置所記憶之結霜狀 態爲預定之結霜狀態時，將該結霜狀態輸出。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 依照本發明，在蓄冷完成時，蓄冷劑之結霜狀態可被檢 測出，此結霜狀態被記憶裝置所記憶起來。然後，下一次 蓄冷開始時，使該記憶裝置所記憶之結霜狀態成爲預定之 結霜狀態，而將該結霜狀態輸出。從而，此結霜狀態輸出 時，因爲蓄冷劑上沒有蓄積冷或熱，因而不會有無效之蓄 冷產生，而可在短時間內進行除霜處理。而且，因爲只有 在從蓄冷劑開始進行庫內的保冷而經過的預定時間時，才 進行結霜狀態的輸出，故可確實地防止無效的蓄冷及沒有 用的除霜處理。 做爲本發明一個較佳之實施例，申請專利範圍第2項之 發明，係如申請專利範圍第1項之蓄冷式冷凍庫，其中該 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS>A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 510959 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（4) 結霜狀態檢測裝置，在蓄冷劑下一次之蓄冷時，該蓄冷劑 可使庫內溫度冷卻到預定溫度以上時，將結霜狀態做爲正 要過結霜狀態而檢測出來，該輸出裝置，是在蓄冷劑之蓄 冷開始以前，由計時裝置所計算的時間經過預定之時間以 上，而且該記憶裝置所記憶之結霜狀態爲該正要過結霜狀 態時，可將該結霜狀態輸出。 依照本發明，爲了去除蓄冷劑結霜之原因，而在庫內溫 度可冷卻到預定溫度以上之前，輸出裝置使該結霜狀態做 爲正要過結霜狀態而輸出。從而’因應於該輸出而進f了除 霜處理的話，因爲保冷能力不足而產生結霜之事不會產生 ，而經常地可以正常地使用蓄冷式冷凍庫。 【本發明較佳實施例之詳細說明】 本發明蓄冷式冷凍庫之較佳實施例，將參照第1〜6圖而 詳細說明之。 第1圖是蓄冷式冷凍庫之外觀立體圖。第2圖是蓄冷式 冷凍庫之側面剖面圖。第3圖是蓄冷劑及蒸發器之剖面圖 。第4圖是控制裝置之槪略構成圖。第5圖是用來說明結 霜判定圖之一個例子。第6圖是說明控制裝置之動作的流 程圖。 此蓄冷式冷凍庫（以下單只稱爲「冷凍庫」）1，如第1 圖所示，具有前面開口之冷凍庫本體2,及可使冷凍庫本 體2之前面開口被開閉用的隔熱性小門3，冷凍庫本體2 之前面上方，裝設具有警告燈20之顯示部4。而且，冷凍 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ----.---------.-&PI.______Ti____ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 線！ 510959 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（f) 庫本體2之底面四個角落上，裝設有運送用之車輪2a。 冷凍庫本體2，如第2圖所示，剖面形狀爲□字形之隔熱 材被形成。冷凍庫本體2之內側的背面側及底面側上，與 冷凍庫本體2之內壁面成間隔地配置有隔熱性背面板5及 底板6 。由此，底板6之下方上蓄冷劑室8、背面板5之 後方形成有冷氣通路9 °貯藏室7及蓄冷劑室8在冷凍庫 本體2之前方連通。冷氣通路9與蓄冷劑室8，在冷凍庫 本體2之後方下部上連通。而且，冷凍庫本體2之上方形 成有機械室.10。 蓄冷劑室8上，設有使庫內冷卻用之蓄冷劑1 1 ’及與蓄 冷劑1 1成熱密著性並設之蒸發器1 2。由此’使蒸發器1 2 被冷卻時，可使冷或熱被蓄積到蓄冷劑1 1。蒸發器1 2是 以管子形成蛇形狀之物體，或者是表面有蛇形狀溝之板狀 材料，與蓋住該板用的板狀材料互相貼合而形成’所謂的 薄型板狀”輾滾結合板”（r ο 1 1 b ο n d )。蓄冷劑1 1 ’如第3 圖所示，被配置成夾入薄型的蒸發器12中。蓄冷劑Π被 多處設置，蓄冷劑1 1彼此有預定之間隔。庫內之空氣通 過該間隙，與蓄冷劑1 1進行熱交換而被冷卻。在此’蓄 冷劑1 1成爲過結霜狀態時，該間隙被霜F所阻塞之故’ 空氣流量降低，而使熱交換無法充分被進行。 蓄冷劑1 1之表面上，裝設有蓄冷劑溫度感測器1 3用來 檢測蓄冷劑1 1之溫度。蓄冷劑溫度感測器1 3連接到後面 將敘述之控制裝置。蓄冷劑溫度感測器1 3可採用如熱敏 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂---------線！ 510959 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明（6 ) 電阻。 貯藏室7上，在冷氣通路9之出口附近裝設有送風機丄4 。此送風機1 4是從蓄冷劑室8將冷氣經由冷氣通路9送 到貯藏室7內，而使貯藏室7被冷卻。此送風機14在外 部電源無法供給之情形下，可由內藏之電池（圖中未示）來 驅動。 冷氣通路9上，裝設有用來檢測庫內溫度用之庫內溫度 感測器1 5。此庫內溫度感測器1 5在冷氣通路9中，其裝 設之高度爲從中央稍微向上方的位置上。由此，庫內溫度 感測器1 5使貯藏室7內的溫度幾乎很均句的相等溫度而 被檢測出。此庫內溫度感測器1 5可採用如熱敏電阻。 機械室10中，裝設有與蒸發器12連接而構成冷凍裝置 之壓縮機1 6及凝縮器1 7。而且，配置著主要用來使凝縮 器1 7被冷卻用之凝縮器風扇1 8。再者，機械室1 〇中，裝 設有用來檢測外氣溫度用之外氣溫度感測器1 9。此機械室 i 〇與冷凍庫1之外部連通，該凝縮器風扇1 8被驅動時， 外氣可通過機械室1 0內。因此，外氣溫度感測器1 9可檢 測出外氣溫度。而且，外氣溫度感測器1 9可採用如熱敏 電阻。 該顯示部4具有對使用者警告過結霜用之警告燈20。此 警告燈20連接到後述之控制裝置，它在檢測到蓄冷劑η 成爲預定之結霜狀態時，會亮起。在此所謂的預定之結霜 狀態，是指由於附著的霜之故，使蓄冷劑11無法將庫內 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------訂------ 線！ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 510959 Α7 Β7 五、發明說明（？） 之冷卻溫度，冷卻到預定溫度（例如，-2 l°C〜-23 °C )之狀 知（過結霜狀態）的當前之結霜狀態（以下，稱爲「過結霜 狀態」）之謂。換言之，此結霜狀態更進一步地向蓄冷劑 11進行蓄冷時，蓄冷劑11會成爲過結霜狀態。亦即，警 告燈20馬上會警告蓄冷劑1 1成爲過結霜狀態之事。 此冷凍庫1由第4圖所示之控制裝置30而被控制。此控 制裝置30具有中央處理器CPU 31，及唯讀記憶體ROM 32 ，隨機取存記憶體RAM 33，及計時器34，及與各種機器 連接用之I / 0輸入出介面3 5，及與這些連接之匯流排3 6 。此控制裝置3 0中，經由I / 0輸入出介面3 5而與蓄冷劑 溫度感測器1 3、庫內溫度感測器1 5、外氣溫度感測器1 9 、送風機14、壓縮機16、警告燈20等連接。 唯讀記憶體ROM 32中，儲存有控制裝置30之控制程式 P，及結霜判定用圖Μ。結霜判定用圖Μ是爲了判定蓄冷劑 1 1之結霜狀態，由控制程式Ρ所參照之資料。控制程式Ρ 是根據蓄冷劑溫度感測器1 3、庫內溫度感測器1 5、外氣 溫度感測器1 9之檢測結果，及結霜判定用圖Μ而判定蓄 冷劑11之結霜狀態。具體上如第5圖所示，結霜判定用 圖Μ之橫軸爲外氣溫度，縱軸爲最低庫內溫度之圖形資料 所做成。控制程式Ρ是根據向蓄冷劑1 1之蓄冷完成時所 測定之庫內溫度，及外氣溫度，在第5圖之曲線上，兩溫 度之交點若進入正要過結霜領域（第5圖之斜線領域）時， 則判定蓄冷劑1 1爲過結霜狀態。而且，第5圖之曲線爲 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -------訂--------- 線—命 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 510959 A7 B7 五、發明說明（t) 根據實驗而預先求出之曲線。本實施例中，根據實驗之結 果，正要過結霜領域之境界線爲直線之圖形。 隨機取存記憶體RAM 3 3是將，根據控制程式Ρ而檢測出 之蓄冷劑的結霜狀態S記憶起來。此RAM 3 3是由電池等 而將內容保持住，即使冷凍庫無法被供給電源之時，其內 容亦可被保持住。本實施例中，結霜狀態S是，蓄冷劑1 1 爲正要過結霜之領域之情形，以”TRUE”記憶起來。 計時器34根據控制程式P之指示，用來計算從蓄冷劑開 始進行庫內的保冷所經過的時間。此計時器34即使在冷 凍庫1無法被供給電源之時，其計時動作仍可繼續地被保 持住。 其次，將參照第6圖之流程圖而說明此控制裝置30之動 作。在此，將說明蓄冷劑1 1之蓄冷控制及蓄冷劑1 1之結 霜狀態之判定。此冷凍庫1中，通常保冷運轉時之庫內溫 度維持在-2 1 °C〜-2 3 °C之範圍內。而且，蓄冷劑1 1之凍結 溫度約爲-36°C。 此控制程式P由操作者從外部電源之投入而開始動作時 (步驟S 1 )’首先由計時器34所計時之庫內之保冷開始所 經過的時間，被判定是否爲預定時間以上（步驟S2 )。在此 所謂之預定時間，最好爲根據該時間，使蓄冷劑1 1之放 熱量對冷凍庫1之可保冷時間不產生影響之程度的時間。 本實施例定爲1 5分。 步驟S2之判定結果，從庫內保冷開始所經過之時間，不 -1 0 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ------訂·-------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 510959 A7 B7 五、發明說明（7) 在預定經過時間之時，爲了回避警告燈20被點亮，而使 處理移往步驟S 5。從庫內保冷開始所經過之時間，在預定 經過時間之時，結霜狀態S是否爲TRUE，亦即，判定蓄冷 劑Π是否爲正要過結霜狀態（步驟s 3 )。根據此判定，若 被判定蓄冷劑1 1爲在正要過結霜狀態時，警告燈2 0被點 亮，而使處理移往步驟S 5 (步驟S 4 )。若被判定蓄冷劑1 1 爲不在正要過結霜狀態時，維持原樣地使處理移往步驟S 5 〇 其次，步驟S5中，壓縮機1 6被驅動而開始冷卻蓄冷劑 1 1 (步驟S5 )。而且，送風機1 4被驅動而使貯藏室7開始 冷卻（步驟S 6 )。 其次，由庫內溫度感測器1 5使庫內溫度T i η與預定之設 定溫度Τ1比較，庫內溫度ΤΊ η比設定溫度Τ1低之情形下 ，送風機1 4之驅動被停止，以防止貯藏室7成爲過冷卻（ 步驟S7，S8)。在此之設定溫度Τ1，爲了使蓄冷劑11在 正要過結霜狀態之判定成爲可能，使該通常在保冷運轉時 之庫內溫度被維持在比-2 1 °C〜-2 3 °C之溫度更低地設定。 但是，此設定溫度T1在被設定更低時，會使貯藏室7成 爲過冷卻之狀態。因而，本實施例中，將設定溫度T 1設 爲-26°C。 其次，根據劑溫度感測器1 3之蓄冷劑溫度T ’與預定之 設定溫度T2比較，蓄冷劑溫度T比設定溫度低之情形下 ，壓縮機1 6之驅動被停止（步驟S9，S 1 0 )。因此’蓄冷劑 -1 1 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) # 訂---------^ I _ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 510959 A7 B7 五、發明說明（π ) 1 1之凍結完了。而，在此之設定溫度T2爲蓄冷劑1 1之蓄 冷完了溫度，通常在保冷運轉時之庫內溫度被維持在比- 2 1°C〜-23 °C之溫度更低地設定。本實施例中，將設定溫度 T 1 設爲-3 6 °C。 其次’根據庫內溫度感測器1 5感測之庫內溫度T 1 η，及 根據外氣溫度感測器1 9感測之外氣溫度Tou t，及結霜判 定用圖Μ而判定蓄冷劑1 1之結霜狀態（步驟S丨丨）。在此， 庫內溫度T i η成爲蓄冷劑1 1可冷卻之最低溫度。但是， 蓄冷劑1 1之冷卻能力非常充分而可冷卻到-26 t以下之情 形時，該步驟S7，S8使送風機14停止運轉之故，庫內溫 度Ti η變成-26 °C。結霜狀態之判定，是在第5圖顯示之 結霜判定用圖Μ之中，庫內溫度T i η及外氣溫度To u t之 交點位在正要到過結霜狀態領域（第5圖之斜線領域）之情 形下’蓄冷劑1 1被判定爲正要到過結霜狀態。然後，蓄 冷劑1 1被判定爲正要到過結霜狀態之情形下，RAM 3 3之 結霜狀態S被設定爲TRUE(步驟SI 2，S1 3 )。 其次，外部電源被停止時，由內藏之電池（圖中未示）而 使送風機1 4之驅動控制被啓動，因而開始庫內之保冷（步 驟S 1 4 )。隨著此庫內之保冷之開始，計時器3 4亦開始計 時作業（步驟S15)。 由以上之步驟，在外部電源對冷凍庫1之供電開始時， 蓄冷劑1 1在正要到過結霜狀態之情形下，蓄冷劑1 1在開 始蓄冷之前，警告燈20會亮。蓄冷劑1 1被判定不是在正 -12- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） ----------------^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 510959 A7 ___B7_ 五、發明說明（K ) 要到過結霜狀態之情形時，蓄冷劑Π開始進行蓄冷作業 。此蓄冷作業進行時，而使蓄冷劑11在正要到過結霜狀 態之情形下，該結霜狀態被記憶起來，下一次在外部電源 對冷凍庫1之供電開始時，使警告燈20亮起。 依照這樣，使用者可對蓄冷劑11之過結霜狀態有客觀而 且確實的認知。從而，使用者在警告燈20亮起被確認之 後，才進行除霜處理的話，能量不會蓄積在蓄冷劑1 1，而 且可在短時間內進行除霜處理。 而且，從庫內之保冷之開始經過預定時間（本實施例爲 1 5分鐘）之前，外部電源進行停止·再供電時，警告燈20 之亮起不會進行。從而，在蓄冷劑11上蓄積冷或熱之狀 態時，警告燈20不會亮起之故，使因爲警告燈20亮起之 故而進行除霜，致使蓄冷劑1 1上不會有無效之蓄冷產生 。亦即，只有在必須進行除霜處理之適當時點之時，警告 燈20才會亮起，因此對使用者很方便，而且可減少消費 電力之浪費。 而，本實施例中，正要到過結霜狀態之判定裝置，雖然 使用庫內溫度，及外氣溫度，以及結霜判定用圖Μ，但是 並不限定使用這些，以其他方式檢測出結霜狀態亦可以。 而且，本實施例中，正要到過結霜狀態之輸出裝置，雖 然使用警告燈，但是並不限制在警告燈之使用而已，以其 他方法輸出亦可。例如’以液晶顯示器將警告訊息顯示出 來，如警報或警告聲音等可被用來將結霜狀態輸出亦可。 -1 3 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） --------------------訂·-------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 510959 A7 B7 五、發明説明（l>) 再者，本實施例中，將結霜狀態記憶之裝置，可使用做 爲揮發性記憶體之RAM 3 3，而且此RAM 3 3由電池而做支 援，即使電源供應被切斷之時，亦可保持結霜狀態之記憶 ，但是本發明並不限定於此，例如，以所謂的快閃唯讀記 憶體之可抹除之EEPR0M等之不揮發性記憶體進行記憶亦 可。 【發明之效果】 如以上之詳細說明，依照申請專利範圍第1項之發明， 在蓄冷完成時，蓄冷劑之結霜狀態可被檢測出，此結霜狀 態被記憶裝置所記憶起來。然後，下一次蓄冷開始時，使 該記憶裝置所記憶之結霜狀態成爲預定之結霜狀態，而將 該結霜狀態輸出。從而，此結霜狀態輸出時，因爲蓄冷劑 I：沒有蓄積冷或熱，因而不會有無效之蓄冷產生，而可在 短時間內進行除霜處理。而且，因爲只有在從蓄冷劑開始 進行庫內的保冷而經過的預定時間時，才進行結霜狀態的 輸出，故可確實地防止無效的蓄冷及沒有用的除霜處理。 而且，依照申請專利範圍第2項之發明，爲了去除蓄冷 劑結霜之原因，而在庫內溫度可冷卻到預定溫度以上之前 ，輸出裝置使該結霜狀態做爲正要過結霜狀態而輸出。從 而，因應於該輸出而進行除霜處理的話，因爲保冷能力不 足而產生結霜之事不會產生，而經常地可以正常地使用蓄 冷式冷凍庫。 【圖面之簡單說明】 -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） 1·--------等 象 * (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本 百« 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 510959 A7 B7_ 五、發明說明（13 ) 第1圖是蓄冷式冷凍庫之外觀之立體圖。 第2圖是蓄冷式冷凍庫之側面剖面圖。 第3圖是蓄冷劑及蒸發器之剖面圖。 第4圖是控制裝置之槪略構成圖。 第5圖是用來說明結霜判定圖之一個例子之圖。 第6圖是說明控制裝置之動作的流程圖。 【符號之說明】 1 蓄 冷式冷 凍 庫 2 冷 凍 庫 本 體 3 小 門 4 顯 示 部 7 貯 藏 室 8 蓄 冷 劑 9 冷 氣 通 路 10 機 械 室 11 蓄 冷 劑 12 蒸 發 器 13 蓄 冷 劑 溫 度 感 測器 14 送 風 機 15 庫 內 溫 度 感 測 器 16 壓 縮 機 17 凝 縮 器 19 外 氣 溫 度 感 測 器 20 警 告 燈 P 控 制 程 式 Μ 結 相 判 定 用 圖 -15- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ---*-----------------訂--------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 510959 A7 B7__ V. Description of the Invention (I) Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cold storage freezer for storing fresh food or medicines that must be kept cold, and can be used for Transportation of trucks and other transportation vehicles. Description of the prior art. Conventionally, this type of cold storage freezer generally has a thermal insulation cold storage, a front door is provided with a small door, a cold storage agent disposed below the inside of the storage, and the cold storage agent is provided in a heat-tight manner. Evaporators, compressors or condensers made of cooling devices connected to evaporators, blowers for cold air circulation formed by the refrigerant stored in the warehouse, and batteries for driving blowers. In this type of cold storage freezer, the evaporator is cooled because the cooling device is driven by being connected to an external power source, so that the cold storage medium can be cooled (the cold storage is completed) to a predetermined temperature (for example, -3 ° C). Then, the cooling operation by the coolant is to disconnect the fan from the external power source and use the built-in battery to drive the blower. Therefore, even in the case where external power sources such as trucks and other transportation vehicles cannot be ensured, this type of cold storage freezer can keep items cool. However, the biggest problem in this cold storage freezer is the frosting of the cold storage agent. That is, although the amount of frost that can be allowed to form 'excessive frosting' (over-frosting) for the cold storage medium, the air flow around the cold storage medium will deteriorate, and due to the heat insulation effect of the frost itself, The cold or heat of the cold storage medium cannot be fully discharged in the warehouse. As a result, problems such as the in-house temperature cannot be cooled to a predetermined temperature, or the cooling time using a cold storage agent may be shortened. Therefore, this paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) • 0 ^ ------- Order · -------- Line— (Please read the precautions on the back first (Fill in this page again) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 510959 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (>), the user must monitor whether the cold storage agent generates frost, and when excessive frost occurs, it must be stored properly Agent defrost. -[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Therefore, it is conventionally proposed to provide a cold storage freezer in which a warning lamp is turned on when the cold storage agent has frosted. In such a cold storage freezer, when the cold storage of the cold storage medium is almost completed, the frosting state of the cold storage medium is judged based on the temperature in the cold storage room, and when it is determined that excessive frost has occurred, the warning light is turned on. The user can perform the necessary defrost in response to the warning light. However, in such a cold storage freezer, when the warning light is on, the state of the cold storage is almost completed. Therefore, when defrosting is started from this state, the energy accumulated in the coolant is wasted, and the defrosting process takes a long time. In view of this problem, the warning lamp is not turned on when the cold storage is completed, and a method of turning on the lighting at the start of the next cold storage is also considered. However, in such a cold storage freezer, the place where the cold storage operation is performed may be different from the place where the goods are stored in the cold storage. In this case, once the external power supply is cut off, the goods are stored at the place where the goods are stored. Plug the power back in. In this state of use, the warning light will turn on when the power is plugged in again at the place where the product is stored. Therefore, the same problem arises as when the warning lamp is turned on when the cold storage is completed. [Brief description of the invention] The present invention was developed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and provides a cold storage freezer, the purpose of which is to make the frost state of the cold storage agent at the appropriate time. This paper standard applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Specifications (210 X 297 mm) · '------ Order · -------- Line — (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 510959 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ( j) Recognize positively. [Means for solving the problem] (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention in the first patent application scope of the present invention is a cooling device having a cooling agent and a cooling device for cooling the cooling agent It is used to circulate the cold air by the cold storage medium and cool the inside of the store. It is characterized by: a frosting state detection device for the cold storage medium to detect the frosting state of the cold storage medium; and a memory device, which can be used when the cold storage is completed, Memorizing the frosting state of the cold storage agent detected by the frosting state detecting device; and a timing device for calculating the elapsed time from the start of the cold storage in the storage for the cold storage; and an output device for storing the cold storage temperature Before the start, when the time calculated by the timing device has passed a predetermined time or more, and the frosting state memorized by the memory device is a predetermined frosting state, the frosting state is output. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs According to the present invention, when the cold storage is completed, the frosting state of the cold storage agent can be detected, and the frosting state is memorized by the memory device. Then, when the next cold storage starts, the frosting state memorized by the memory device is set to a predetermined frosting state, and the frosting state is output. Therefore, when this frosting state is output, no cold or heat is accumulated on the cold storage medium, so no invalid cold storage occurs, and the defrosting process can be performed in a short time. In addition, the frosting state is output only when a predetermined time has elapsed since the cold storage in the storage room was started, thereby effectively preventing ineffective cold storage and useless defrosting. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the invention in the scope of patent application No. 2 is a cold storage freezer as in the scope of patent application No. 1 in which the paper size is applicable to the Chinese national standard (CNS > A4 specification (210 X 297) (Mm) 510959 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) Frost state detection device, which can cool the temperature in the warehouse to a predetermined temperature during the next cold storage In the above case, the frosting state is detected as the state where frost is about to pass. The output device is that the time calculated by the timing device has passed a predetermined time or more before the cold storage of the cold storage agent starts, and the memory device According to the present invention, in order to remove the cause of the frost of the cold storage medium, before the temperature in the warehouse can be cooled above a predetermined temperature, the output device is output. The frosting state is outputted as the frosting state is about to occur. Therefore, if the defrosting process is performed in response to the output, the cooling capacity is not However, frosting does not occur, and the cold storage freezer can often be used normally. [Detailed description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention] The preferred embodiment of the cold storage freezer of the present invention will be referred to FIGS. 1 to 6 The detailed description is as follows: Fig. 1 is an external perspective view of the cold storage freezer. Fig. 2 is a side sectional view of the cold storage freezer. Fig. 3 is a sectional view of the cold storage agent and the evaporator. Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the control device. Structure diagram. Fig. 5 is an example of a frost judgment diagram. Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the control device. This cold storage freezer (hereinafter referred to as "freezer") 1 is as shown in Fig. 1 As shown in the figure, a freezer body 2 having a front opening and a small insulated door 3 for opening and closing the front face of the freezer body 2 are provided. A display unit 4 having a warning light 20 is installed above the front face of the freezer body 2. Moreover, the size of the frozen paper is in accordance with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ----.---------.- & PI .___ Ti____ (Please read the note on the back first Matters need to be refilled on this page) Online! 510959 Economy Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Ministry of Intellectual Property Bureau A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (f) The four corners of the bottom of the main body 2 are equipped with wheels 2a for transportation. The main body of the freezer 2 is shown in the cross section in FIG. 2 A heat-insulating material in the shape of a □ is formed. On the back side and bottom side of the inside of the freezer body 2, a heat-insulating back plate 5 and a bottom plate 6 are arranged at a distance from the inner wall surface of the freezer body 2. A cold air passage 9 is formed behind the cold storage chamber 8 and the rear panel 5 below. The storage chamber 7 and the cold storage chamber 8 communicate with each other in front of the freezer body 2. The cold air passage 9 and the cold storage chamber 8 are located behind the freezer body 2. The lower part communicates with each other. A machine room 10 is formed above the freezer body 2. The refrigerant storage chamber 8 is provided with a refrigerant storage 1 1 'for cooling the inside of the storage, and an evaporator 12 provided in heat-tightness with the refrigerant storage 1 1. Thus, when the evaporator 1 2 is cooled, cold or heat can be accumulated in the coolant storage medium 1 1. The evaporator 12 is a pipe-shaped object, or a plate-shaped material with a snake-shaped groove on the surface, and the plate-shaped material used to cover the plate are bonded to each other to form a so-called thin plate-like combination. Plate "(r ο 1 1 b ο nd). As shown in Fig. 3, the cold storage medium 1 1 'is arranged to be sandwiched in the thin evaporator 12. The cool storage agents Π are provided at a plurality of places, and the cool storage agents 11 are spaced at a predetermined interval from each other. The air in the room passes through the gap, and is cooled by exchanging heat with the cold storage medium 11. Here, when the "refrigerant 11" is in the over-frosted state, the gap is blocked by the frost F. The air flow rate is reduced, and the heat exchange cannot be performed sufficiently. A refrigerant temperature sensor 13 is installed on the surface of the cold storage medium 11 to detect the temperature of the cold storage medium 11. The coolant temperature sensor 13 is connected to a control device which will be described later. The coolant temperature sensor 1 3 can be used if the paper size of the thermal paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Order ---- -----line! 510959 Α7 Β7 5. Description of the invention (6) Resistance. The storage room 7 is provided with a blower 丄 4 near the exit of the cold air passage 9. The blower 14 sends cold air from the refrigerant storage chamber 8 into the storage chamber 7 through the cold air passage 9 to cool the storage chamber 7. This blower 14 can be driven by a built-in battery (not shown) when external power cannot be supplied. The cold air passage 9 is provided with an internal temperature sensor 15 for detecting the temperature in the room. The temperature sensor 15 in the room is installed in the cold air passage 9 at a height slightly upward from the center. As a result, the temperature sensor 15 in the store detects the temperature in the storage room 7 which is almost equal to the temperature. The temperature sensor 15 in the library can be used as a thermistor. The machine room 10 is provided with a compressor 16 and a condenser 17 which are connected to the evaporator 12 to constitute a refrigeration unit. Furthermore, a condenser fan 18 is provided mainly for cooling the condenser 17. Furthermore, an outside air temperature sensor 19 for detecting the outside air temperature is installed in the machine room 10. This machine room i 0 is in communication with the outside of the freezer 1. When the condenser fan 18 is driven, outside air can pass through the machine room 10. Therefore, the outside air temperature sensor 19 can detect the outside air temperature. Moreover, the outside air temperature sensor 19 can be implemented by, for example, a thermistor. The display unit 4 includes a warning lamp 20 for warning the user of frost formation. This warning lamp 20 is connected to a control device described later, and lights up when it is detected that the coolant η has reached a predetermined frosting state. The so-called predetermined frosting condition refers to the fact that the cold storage medium 11 cannot apply the Chinese paper standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) to the paper size in the library due to the attached frost. (Please read first Note on the back then fill out this page) ------- Order ------ Line! Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 510959 Α7 Β7 V. The cooling temperature of the description of the invention (?), Cooling to a predetermined temperature (for example, -2 l ° C ~ -23 ° C) (over frost state) ) Means the current frosting state (hereinafter referred to as "over-frosting state"). In other words, when this frosting state further cools the cold storage medium 11, the cold storage medium 11 becomes an over-frosted state. That is, the warning light 20 will immediately warn the refrigerant storage 11 to become over-frosted. The freezer 1 is controlled by a control device 30 shown in FIG. 4. This control device 30 has a central processing unit CPU 31, a read-only memory ROM 32, a random access memory RAM 33, and a timer 34, and an I / 0 input / output interface 3 5 for connection with various machines, and These connected buses 3 6. In this control device 30, through the I / 0 input and output interface 3 5 and the refrigerant temperature sensor 1 3, the temperature sensor 15 in the storehouse, the outside air temperature sensor 19, the blower 14, the compressor 16. Warning light 20 and other connections. The read-only memory ROM 32 stores a control program P of the control device 30 and a frost judgment map M. The frost judging map M is the data referred to by the control program P to determine the frosting state of the coolant 11. The control program P determines the frosting of the coolant 11 based on the test results of the coolant temperature sensor 1 3, the internal temperature sensor 15, the outside air temperature sensor 19, and the frost judgment map M. status. Specifically, as shown in Fig. 5, the horizontal axis of the frost judging map M is made by the graphic data of the outside air temperature and the vertical axis is the lowest internal temperature. The control program P is based on the internal temperature and the outside air temperature measured when the cold storage to the cold storage agent 1 1 is completed. On the curve in Figure 5, if the intersection of the two temperatures enters the frosting area (Figure 5) (Slashed area), it is determined that the refrigerant storage 11 is in an over-frost state. In addition, the curve in Figure 5 is based on the Chinese paper standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm). (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ------- Order-- ------- Line—Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 510959 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (t) The curve obtained in advance based on experiments. In this embodiment, according to the results of the experiment, the boundary line of the frost field is about to be a straight line. The random access memory RAM 33 stores the frosting state S of the refrigerant stored in accordance with the control program P. The RAM 33 is held by a battery or the like, and its contents can be held even when the freezer cannot be powered. In the present embodiment, the frosting state S is a case where the cold storage medium 1 1 is a field that is going to be frosted, and is memorized with "TRUE". The timer 34 is used to calculate the elapsed time from the start of the cold storage in the warehouse according to the instruction of the control program P. This timer 34 can be continuously maintained even when the freezer 1 cannot be supplied with power. Next, the operation of the control device 30 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. Here, the cold storage control of the cold storage medium 11 and the determination of the frost state of the cold storage medium 11 will be described. In this freezer 1, the temperature in the freezer during normal cooling operation is maintained in a range of -2 1 ° C to -2 3 ° C. Moreover, the freezing temperature of the cold storage medium 11 is about -36 ° C. When this control program P is started by the operator from the external power supply (step S 1) ', the time elapsed from the start of the cold preservation in the warehouse counted by the timer 34 is determined to be more than a predetermined time (step S2 ). Here, the predetermined time is preferably a time to such an extent that the amount of heat generated by the cold storage medium 1 1 does not affect the coolable time of the freezer 1. This embodiment is set at 15 points. The result of the determination in step S2 is the time elapsed from the start of cold storage in the warehouse, not -1 0-This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) ------ Order ·- ------ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 510959 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (7) In order to avoid the warning lamp 20 from being lit when the elapsed time is scheduled, the process is moved to Step S 5. The time elapsed from the start of the cold storage in the storehouse is whether the frosting state S is TRUE at the predetermined elapsed time, that is, it is determined whether or not the cold storage medium Π is about to pass the frosting state (step s3). Based on this determination, if it is determined that the refrigerant storage 11 is in a state where frost is about to pass, the warning lamp 20 is turned on, and the process proceeds to step S5 (step S4). If it is determined that the refrigerant storage medium 1 1 is not in the frosting state, the processing is moved to step S 5 as it is. Next, in step S5, the compressor 16 is driven to start cooling the refrigerant storage medium 1 1 (step S5). ). Then, the blower 14 is driven to start cooling of the storage compartment 7 (step S6). Secondly, the internal temperature sensor 15 compares the internal temperature T i η with a predetermined set temperature T1. When the internal temperature TΊ η is lower than the set temperature T1, the driving of the blower 14 is stopped to prevent The storage compartment 7 is supercooled (steps S7, S8). The set temperature T1 here is to make it possible to determine that the cold storage medium 11 is in a state of being over-frosted, so that the temperature in the storage room during the cooling operation is generally maintained at -2 1 ° C to -2 3 ° C. Set the temperature lower. However, when the set temperature T1 is set to be lower, the storage compartment 7 will be in a supercooled state. Therefore, in this embodiment, the set temperature T 1 is set to -26 ° C. Next, according to the coolant temperature T ′ of the coolant temperature sensor 13 compared with a predetermined set temperature T2, when the coolant temperature T is lower than the set temperature, the driving of the compressor 16 is stopped (steps S9, S1). 0). Therefore 'Refrigerant-1 1-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) # Order -------- -^ I _ Printed by the Employees 'Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed 510959 A7 B7 V. The invention description (π) 1 1 is frozen. Here, the set temperature T2 is the temperature at which the cold storage medium 1 1 has been stored. Generally, the temperature in the storage room during the cooling operation is maintained at a temperature lower than the temperature of -2 1 ° C to -23 ° C. In this embodiment, the set temperature T 1 is set to -3 6 ° C. Secondly, the cold storage temperature is determined based on the internal temperature T 1 η sensed by the internal temperature sensor 15 and the external temperature Tou t sensed by the external air temperature sensor 19 and the frost judgment map M. Frost state of the agent 11 (step S 丨 丨). Here, the internal temperature T i η becomes the lowest temperature at which the cold storage medium 11 can cool. However, when the cooling capacity of the refrigerant storage medium 11 is sufficient and it can be cooled below -26 t, the steps S7 and S8 stop the blower 14 and the internal temperature Ti η becomes -26 ° C. The determination of the frosting state is shown in the frosting determination map M shown in Fig. 5. The intersection point of the internal temperature T i η and the outside air temperature To ut is in the area just before the frosting state (Fig. 5). In the case of the slanted area), the 'refrigerant 1 1' is judged to be in the state of over-frost. Then, in a case where the refrigerant 11 is judged to be in the over-frosting state, the frosting state S of the RAM 3 3 is set to TRUE (step SI 2, S1 3). Secondly, when the external power supply is stopped, the drive control of the blower 14 is started by the built-in battery (not shown), so the cooling in the warehouse is started (step S 1 4). With the start of the cold storage in this library, the timer 34 also starts the timekeeping operation (step S15). According to the above steps, when the power supply of the freezer 1 by the external power source is started, when the cold storage medium 1 1 is about to reach the frosting state, the warning lamp 20 will be turned on before the cold storage medium 1 1 starts cold storage. Coolant 1 1 was judged not to be positive -12- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 public love) ---------------- ^ (Please (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 510959 A7 ___B7_ V. Description of the Invention (K) When the frost state is reached, the cold storage agent Π starts the cold storage operation. When this cold storage operation is carried out, when the cold storage medium 11 is about to reach a frosting state, the frosting state is memorized, and the next time the power supply of the freezer 1 by an external power source is started, the warning lamp 20 is turned on. . According to this, the user can objectively and surely recognize the over-frost state of the coolant 11. Therefore, if the user performs the defrosting process only after the warning lamp 20 is turned on and confirmed, the energy will not be accumulated in the cold storage medium 11 and the defrosting process can be performed in a short time. In addition, when a predetermined time (15 minutes in this embodiment) elapses from the start of the cold storage in the warehouse, when the external power source is stopped and re-powered, the warning lamp 20 will not light up. Therefore, when the cold or hot state is accumulated on the cold storage medium 11, the warning lamp 20 will not be turned on, and the defrosting will be performed because the warning lamp 20 is turned on, so that the cold storage medium 11 will not have an invalid cold storage. produce. That is, the warning lamp 20 is turned on only when it is necessary to perform a defrosting process, so it is convenient for the user and the waste of power consumption can be reduced. However, in this embodiment, the judging device that is about to reach the frosting state uses the internal temperature, the outside air temperature, and the frost judging map M, but it is not limited to use these to detect the frost in other ways. Frost state is also possible. Moreover, in this embodiment, although the output device is about to reach the frosting state, although the warning light is used, it is not limited to the use of the warning light, and it may be output by other methods. For example, a warning message is displayed on a liquid crystal display, and an alarm or a warning sound can be used to output a frosting state. -1 3-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------------------- Order · ----- --- (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) 510959 A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (l >) Furthermore, in this embodiment, the device that memorizes the frost state can be used as a volatile memory The body's RAM 3 3, and this RAM 3 3 is supported by a battery, even when the power supply is cut off, the memory of the frost state can be maintained, but the invention is not limited to this. For example, the so-called fast Non-volatile memory such as flash-readable memory, ERPROM, etc., can also be used for memory. [Effects of the invention] As described in detail above, according to the invention in the scope of patent application No. 1, when the cold storage is completed, the frosting state of the cold storage agent can be detected, and the frosting state is memorized by the memory device. Then, when the next cold storage starts, the frosting state memorized by the memory device is changed to a predetermined frosting state, and the frosting state is output. Therefore, when this frosting state is output, since the cold storage agent I: no cold or heat is stored, there is no invalid cold storage, and the defrosting process can be performed in a short time. In addition, the frosting state is output only when a predetermined time has elapsed since the cold storage in the storage room was started, thereby effectively preventing inefficient cold storage and useless defrosting. In addition, according to the invention in the scope of patent application No. 2, in order to remove the cause of the frost of the cold storage medium, the output device outputs the frosted state as the frosted state before the temperature in the warehouse can be cooled above a predetermined temperature. . Therefore, if a defrosting process is performed in response to this output, frosting will not occur due to insufficient cooling capacity, and the cold storage freezer can be used normally. [Simplified description of the drawing] -14- This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) 1 · -------- etc. * (Please read the precautions on the back before Fill out this one hundred «Order printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Employees' Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economics Printed by the Consumers' Cooperatives of the Ministry of Economics 510959 A7 B7_ V. Description of the Invention (13) Figure 1 is a perspective view of the appearance of the cold storage freezer. It is a side sectional view of a cold storage freezer. Figure 3 is a sectional view of a cold storage agent and an evaporator. Figure 4 is a schematic configuration diagram of a control device. Figure 5 is a diagram illustrating an example of a frost judgment chart. Fig. 6 is a flowchart illustrating the operation of the control device. [Description of symbols] 1 Cold storage freezer 2 Freezer body 3 Small door 4 Display section 7 Storage room 8 Coolant 9 Air-conditioning path 10 Machine room 11 Coolant 12 Evaporator 13 Refrigerant temperature sensor 14 Blower 15 Temperature sensor in the warehouse 16 Compressor 17 Condenser 19 Air temperature sensor 20 Warning light P Control program M Phase determination Figure-15- This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) --- * ------- ---------- Order --------- (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page)