506944 A7 五、發明說明（1 ) 本發明係有關一種多級薄膜蒸餾海水淡化法，其特殊 之處在於一定體積透氣室之内增加造水用薄膜的總面積， 使造水量能有效提昇；並有效的控制薄膜兩侧溫差，使一 定能量作有效的利用，達到省能的目的，且可使極化現象 降低至結晶臨界點之下的「多級薄膜蒸餾之海水淡化珐」。 按，近年來，水資源的供應已經成爲一個世界性的問 題。在台灣地區由於經濟建設及國民所得的持續成長和河 川的污染，水源也成爲一個眾所關切的課題。水資源的開 發有各種途役，興建水庫是其中之一，但尋求可建造成本 較低的壩址曰益困難，也涉及環境、生態等等的問題因此 朝海水及鹹水的淡化以及廢水及污水的淨化再利用的方向 發展，應爲較合理的途徑。 海水及鹹水淡化的方法頗多，業已發展成熟的可分爲 兩類。其一是利用膜的方法，包括逆滲透（reverse osm〇sis ) 和電透析（elect rodialysis )等方法。逆滲透法適用於海 水的淡化，而電透析則適用於處理含鹽量較低的蜮水。利 用膜的方式的生產成本中，電能的消耗和膜的更換所佔的 比例頗高，其未來發展的空間在於膜性能的研發改進。其 二是蒸發法，包括多效蒸發（rniiti effect evap〇ration)， 多段閃沸（multi stage flash )和蒸汽再壓縮（vap〇r recompression)等方法，各種蒸發方法的要點都在於以設 備的成本來換取能源的利用效率；其優點是可利用較低溫 度的廢熱作爲能源，其發展的空間在於熱傳效率的研發改 進0 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再Wk本頁)506944 A7 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to a multi-stage thin-film distillation seawater desalination method, which is special in that the total area of the water-making film is increased within a certain volume of air-permeable chamber, so that the amount of water generated can be effectively increased; and Effectively control the temperature difference between the two sides of the film, so that a certain amount of energy can be effectively used to achieve the purpose of energy saving, and the polarization phenomenon can be reduced to the "multi-level thin-film distillation seawater desalination enamel" below the crystallization critical point. According to recent years, the supply of water resources has become a worldwide problem. In Taiwan, due to economic construction, continuous growth of national income, and pollution of rivers, water sources have also become a topic of public concern. There are various routes for the development of water resources. The construction of reservoirs is one of them. However, it is difficult to find a dam site that can be constructed at a lower cost. It also involves environmental, ecological, and other issues. Therefore, desalination of seawater and salt water, and wastewater and sewage The development of purification and reuse should be a more reasonable approach. There are many methods for desalination of seawater and saltwater, and mature ones can be divided into two categories. One is a method using a membrane, including reverse osmosis and electro rodialysis. The reverse osmosis method is suitable for desalination of sea water, while electrodialysis is suitable for the treatment of tritium water with low salt content. Among the production costs using membranes, the proportion of electricity consumption and membrane replacement is quite high, and the space for its future development lies in the development and improvement of membrane performance. The second is the evaporation method, including multi-effect evaporation (rniiti effect evapration), multi-stage flash (multi stage flash), and steam recompression (vapor recompression). The main points of various evaporation methods are the cost of the equipment. In exchange for energy efficiency; its advantage is that it can use waste heat at lower temperatures as energy, and its development space lies in the improvement of heat transfer efficiency. 0 (Please read the precautions on the back before going to this page)
丨線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 2 506944 A7 Β7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（2 ) 上述逆滲透法的設備與操作均較爲精簡（c〇mpact)， 可以設计爲小型的單元，也可組成大型的工廠，但因操作 壓力高，需要以昂貴的電力作爲能源。蒸發法雖然可以廢 熱作爲能源，但爲了防止鹽分混入成品淡水中，蒸發與冷 凝必須在分離的空間中進行，致使設備體積較爲龐大，操 作與控制也較爲困難。 然而，到目前爲止，蒸餾法與使用膜方法的造水成本 均較高，尚難與傳統水源競爭。此外，還有一種海水淡化 法’稱爲薄膜蒸館法（membrane distillation)，它是結 合逆滲透法與蒸發法二者之優點所發明的方法，且在美、 曰等國取得專利，但因爲產水量低（每單位設備體積），以 及產水過程容易因結晶阻塞薄膜孔洞而中斷，所以薄膜蒸 餾法至今仍未被實用化。 以下即舉出薄膜蒸餾法的基本原理，如第一、二圖所 示，首先請參閲第一圖所示，也就是一個利用疏水性多孔 有機膜蒸餾祛的示意圖，常用的膜包括PP、pTFE、PVDF等 二種，由於表面張力的作用，膜（疏水性多孔有機膜10) 左側溫度較高的海水（2〇 )無法進入膜（10 )的小孔中， 只有蒸汽（3〇 )(因爲溫度較高，所以蒸汽壓也較大）可以 透過薄膜孔洞，而凝結在右側有低溫液體（40 )(蒸汽壓也 較低）流動的冷卻金屬板（5〇 )上，以成爲冷凝水滴（6〇 )， 即必水。第二圖是一種直接接觸薄膜蒸餘法，也就是一種 免用固體冷卻壁的直接接觸法，其中，膜（疏水性多孔有 機膜）（10)左侧的海水（2〇)和右侧的淡水（7〇)都因爲 3 (請先閱讀背面之注 意事項寫 W本頁) 裝 訂· -丨線」 本紙張尺虑適用中圃® sir 一 ί - Ε ^ / y z X 1ϋ /V 格 規 4 A s) N ί 倚 506944 五 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 ------ Β7 __ 、發明說明（3) 表面張力的關係無法進入膜（10)的小孔中，只有高溫海 水（20 )蒸發所生成的蒸汽（3〇 )流經小孔，而凝結於低 溫淡水（7〇)的表面上。 任何涉及質量傳送的, 里丹k的問題，都不可能避免極化 (polarmuon)的現象。高溫海水與義界面處的溫度 因爲水分汽化，消耗了汽化熱（_㈣。f Μ——而降低。界面處濃度（鹽分）的濃度因爲 水分的喪失而升高。因此，熱量必須不斷地由大部海水中 供應，高濃度的鹽份也必須不斷地擴散到大部海水中。此 -極化現象應是過去薄膜蒸价絲錢化程序未能成功的 關键性理由。若使單位面積有較高的淡水蒸發量，則溫度 與濃度的極化現象必然變的較爲嚴重，成爲提高淡水產量 的瓶頸。溫度的極化使液/汽界面的溫度過份降低；濃度 極化使液/汽界面處的鹽分濃度升高，甚至有結晶析出。 因此，跨越液/汽界面的溫度落差有一定的上限，單位膜 面積的蒸發量也有一定的上限。 1 習知傳统的多級薄膜蒸餾法如第三圖所示，雖然能藉 由有效控制薄膜兩端溫差，將能量作有效利用及減少薄膜 結垢的問題；但其缺點在於需要多個透氣室，因此整體設 備所佔的體積相當大；另外管路長度極長，且彎曲轉折處 多，容易造成熱量損耗、水頭損失、管路結垢等問題的發 生。 本發明係提供一種多級薄膜蒸餾之海水淡化法，其特 點在於一定體積的透氣室增加造水薄膜的總面積，使造水 ---------------裝 i — (請先閱讀背面之注意事項寫本頁} $ . -線」 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 506944 A7 五、發明說明（ 量能有效提昇；藉由降低薄膜兩侧之溫差，使一定能量作 有效的利用，達到省能的目的，並使極化現象降低到結晶 的臨界點之下，結晶將不至於形成在透氣孔内，淡化造水 之過程也就不至於中斷。 爲了使本發明所運用的技術手段及達成功效能易於明 暸’兹配合圖式與圖號詳細説明如下： 【參照圖式】 第一圖：習知之薄膜蒸餾示意圖 第二圖··習知之免用固體冷卻壁的直接接觸薄膜蒸餾 、法示意圖 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項^|||寫本頁) 裝 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 第三圖： 習知多效蒸餾示意圖 第四圖·· 本發明之示意圖 【參照圖號】 習知： (10) 膜 (20) 海水 (30) 蒸汽 (40) 低溫液體 (50) 冷卻金屬板 (60) 冷凝水滴 (70) 淡水 本發明： (1) 透氣室 (2) 大型薄膜 (3) 高溫海水區 (4) 低溫冷凝淡水區 (5) 海水入口 (6) 熱交換器 (7) 加熱器 (8) 耐腐蝕不鏽鋼泵 (9) 高溫海水收禁槽 (11) 海水出口丨 Printed by the Consumers 'Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 2 506944 A7 Β7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economy It can be designed as a small unit or a large factory. However, due to the high operating pressure, expensive electricity is required as an energy source. Although the evaporation method can use waste heat as an energy source, in order to prevent salt from being mixed into the fresh water of the finished product, evaporation and condensation must be performed in a separate space, making the equipment bulky and difficult to operate and control. However, so far, the cost of water production by distillation and membrane methods is high, and it is difficult to compete with traditional water sources. In addition, there is another type of seawater desalination method called "membrane distillation", which is a method invented by combining the advantages of reverse osmosis method and evaporation method, and has obtained patents in the United States and Japan. The low water yield (per unit volume of equipment), and the water production process is easily interrupted by crystallization blocking the film pores, so the thin film distillation method has not yet been put into practical use. The following is the basic principle of the thin film distillation method. As shown in the first and second figures, please refer to the first figure, which is a schematic diagram of distillation using a hydrophobic porous organic membrane. Commonly used membranes include PP, Two kinds of pTFE, PVDF, etc., due to the effect of surface tension, the seawater (20) with higher temperature on the left side of the membrane (hydrophobic porous organic membrane 10) cannot enter the pores of the membrane (10), only steam (3〇) ( Because the temperature is high, the vapor pressure is also high) can pass through the film holes, and condensed on the cooling metal plate (50) with a low-temperature liquid (40) (the vapor pressure is also low) on the right side to become condensed water droplets ( 6〇), which must be water. The second figure is a direct contact thin film evaporation method, that is, a direct contact method without using a solid cooling wall, in which the seawater (20) on the left side of the membrane (hydrophobic porous organic membrane) (10) and the Freshwater (70) is all because of 3 (Please read the note on the back to write this page) Binding ·-丨 "This paper rule is suitable for Zhongpu ® sir 一-Ε ^ / yz X 1ϋ / V A s) N LY 506944 Printed by the Consumer Property Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 ------ Β7 __, description of the invention (3) The relationship between surface tension cannot enter the small holes of the membrane (10), only high temperature The steam (30) generated by the evaporation of seawater (20) flows through the pores and condenses on the surface of the low-temperature fresh water (70). It is impossible to avoid the phenomenon of polarization (polarmuon) for any problem involving Ridan k involving mass transmission. The temperature at the interface between high-temperature seawater and the sense of water decreases due to the vaporization of water, which consumes the heat of vaporization (_㈣.f Μ——). The concentration at the interface (salt) increases due to the loss of water. Therefore, the heat must be continuously increased by large Supply of salt water, high-concentration salt must also be continuously diffused into most of the sea water. This polarization phenomenon should be the key reason for the failure of the past thin film steaming process. If the unit area has a The higher the evaporation of fresh water, the polarization phenomenon of temperature and concentration will inevitably become more serious, which will become a bottleneck for increasing the yield of fresh water. Temperature polarization will cause the temperature of the liquid / vapor interface to be excessively reduced; concentration polarization will make the liquid / The salt concentration at the vapor interface increases, and even crystals are precipitated. Therefore, the temperature drop across the liquid / vapor interface has a certain upper limit, and the evaporation amount per unit membrane area also has a certain upper limit. 1 Know the traditional multi-stage thin-film distillation method As shown in the third figure, although the temperature difference between the two ends of the film can be effectively controlled, the energy can be effectively used and the problem of film fouling can be reduced; however, the disadvantage is that multiple ventilation chambers are needed because The volume occupied by the overall equipment is quite large; in addition, the length of the pipeline is extremely long and there are many bends and turns, which easily causes problems such as heat loss, head loss, and pipeline scaling. The present invention provides a multi-stage thin-film distillation of seawater The desalination method is characterized in that a certain volume of air-permeable chamber increases the total area of the fresh water film, so that the fresh water is installed i — (Please read the notes on the back first to write this Page} $. -Line "This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 506944 A7 V. Description of the invention (The amount can be effectively increased; by reducing the temperature difference between the two sides of the film, a certain amount of energy For effective utilization, the purpose of energy saving is achieved, and the polarization phenomenon is reduced below the critical point of crystallization, crystals will not be formed in the vent holes, and the process of desalination will not be interrupted. In order to make the present invention The technical means used and the success effect are easy to understand. The detailed drawings and figure numbers are described in detail below: [Refer to the drawing] The first picture: the conventional thin-film distillation diagram. The second picture. Schematic diagram of contact thin film distillation and method (please read the precautions on the back ^ ||| write this page) Installed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Schematic diagram [Refer to the drawing number] Known: (10) Membrane (20) Seawater (30) Steam (40) Low temperature liquid (50) Cooling metal plate (60) Condensed water droplets (70) Fresh water The present invention: (1) Ventilation chamber (2) Large film (3) High-temperature seawater area (4) Low-temperature condensed freshwater area (5) Seawater inlet (6) Heat exchanger (7) Heater (8) Corrosion-resistant stainless steel pump (9) High-temperature seawater containment tank ( 11) Sea water outlet
本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 506944 A7 B7 五、發明說明（5 ) (I2) 冷凝淡水收集槽 （13) 栗 (14) 淡水收集器 首先請參閲第四圖所示，本發明具有單一透氣室（1)， 該透氣室内部以數層的大型薄膜（2)隔離成數道水流往下流 降的高溫海水區（3)，及數道水流往上流升的低溫冷凝淡水 區U) ’並藉此單一大型且多層式薄膜透氣室（1)取代傳統 (如發明公告第Ml523 )之多個且佔地相當廣的小透氣室， 並配合高溫海水迴路（如圖中之實線管路）及冷凝淡水迴 路（如圖中之虚線管路所示）而達到在一定體積内使整體 造水面積層增加、能量利用效率增加的海水淡化法。 本發明的操作方法爲將原料海水（如第四圖所示約3〇 C )由海水入口（5)流入，經由熱交換器（6)吸收冷凝淡水 所排出的廢熱後，進入加熱器（7)中，將之加熱至一定高溫 (如第五圖中所示之65。〇,再經由耐腐蝕不鏽鋼泵（8)打 至較高處之高溫海水收集槽（9)，由於重力之作用，高溫海 水將緩緩流下至透氣室（D之高溫海水區（3)，溫度則由65 °C慢慢地降至35艺，將熱量傳給相鄰較低溫由下往上流動 的冷凝淡水區（4)，而透氣室（1)裡在同一高度的高溫海水 溫度比由大型薄膜（2)隔鄰的冷凝淡水溫度要高出5。〇，所 以高溫海水區（3)的蒸氣壓高於冷凝淡水區（4)的蒸氣壓， 水蒸氣會由高溫海水區（3)透過大型薄膜（2)而凝結在冷凝 淡水區U)，所以高溫海水量會慢慢地減少，含鹽濃度也會 慢慢地增高，爲了補充水量及降低鹽分濃度，必須不斷自 海水入口（ 5 )補充新鮮海水，而流出透氣室（i )的高 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） -------------. J I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項m寫本頁) 言· 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 506944 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（6 ) 溫海水，部份由海水出口（11)排出，部份與海水入口（5)的 新鮮海水混合，重新循環利用；而低溫之冷凝淡水（如第 四圖中所示之3〇它）於操作初始時，由冷凝淡水收集槽（12> 加入，往下流入透氣室（1)，使低溫冷凝淡水充滿整個冷凝 淡水迴路，操作時啓動泵（I3)，使冷凝淡水迴路得以循環， 冷凝淡水由冷凝淡水收禁槽（I2)，藉重力緩緩流下，再由 下往上流經透氣室（1)之低通冷凝淡水區（4)，在此吸收由 高溫海水區（3)傳來的熱量，溫度慢慢地由3〇它升至6〇1， 因大型薄膜（2)兩側之液體有溫度差5它，高溫海水之蒸氣 會透過大型薄膜（2)於低溫冷凝淡水區U)冷凝爲成品淡 水，而使冷凝淡水迴路中的水量慢慢地增加，所以也必須 將成品淡水不斷的由冷凝淡水收集槽（I2)溢流至淡水收集 器（14)。 在透氣室（1)中，由上往下流之高溫海水會有蒸發熱損 失與因冷熱水溫差產生的熱傳損失，而使溫度逐漸下降； 由下往上流之低溫冷凝淡水，獲得凝結熱及冷熱水溫差產 生的熱傳獲得，而使溫度逐漸上升，最終低溫冷凝淡水出 口處之水溫（如第四圖中所示之60°C)會高於高溫海水出 口處之水溫（如第四圖中所示之35°C)，爲了使能量有效利 用，便將冷凝淡水區U)出口的水經由熱交換器（6)與海水 做熱交換，·一方面使海水溫度得以回升（如第四圖中所示 之5〇1〇 )，以減少在加熱器（7)加熱所需之能量；另一方面， 低溫冷凝淡水出口處之低溫冷凝淡水溫度也得以冷卻（如 第四圖中所示之40。〇 ) ° 7 表紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） " ' (請先閱讀背面之注意事項 寫 本頁) 裝 訂·- •線 506944 A7 B7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明說明（7 ) 流出熱交換器（6)(也可稱之爲節能器）的海水回流到 加熱器（7)，經過加熱後再重新循環使用；而流出熱交換器 (6)的淡水，在流動過程逐漸將熱傳到周遭的低溫空氣，降 低溫度，再回到透氣室（1)，進行冷凝造水的步驟。 本發Η月的高溫海水迴路包括海水入口（5)、透氣室（1) 之高溫海水區（3)、熱交換器（6)、加熱器（7)、耐腐蝕不鏽 鋼泵（8)、高溫海水收集槽（9)、海水出口（11);低溫冷凝 水迴路包括透氣室（1)之低溫冷凝水區U)、熱交換器（6)、 泵（I3)、冷凝淡水收禁槽（I2)。兩者是互相獨立的，只要 做好整體迴路的防漏偵測，特别是透氣室（1)與熱交換器 (6)’就不會有海水戍漏污染成品淡水的問題。 本發明的高溫海水進口處與低溫冷凝淡水出口處溫差 只有5°C，高溫海水出口處與低溫冷凝淡水進口處溫差也只 有5<>C，因爲溫差不大，一方面可以避免冷熱水之間大量的 無效熱傳，另一方面也可使溫度與濃度極化之程度較緩和 (低於臨界點），膜的結晶現象也得以避免。 此外，本發明高溫海水所需的溫度不高，加熱器（6)部 份可用廢熱（如發電廠的廢蒸汽）來做加熱，可節省能源 支出。 値得一提的是，本發明利用簡單的位能差（高溫海水 收集槽（9)、冷凝淡水收集槽（I2)與透氣室之高度差）來控 制連氣室（2)内之高溫海水流速與低溫冷凝淡水流速，使其 平穩流動，並利用高溫海水區（3)與低溫冷凝淡水區（4>之 間隔大小來控制溫度的緩慢變化，使大型薄膜（2)同高度處 8 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項寫本頁) i裝 訂· .線“ 506944 A7 五、發明說明（8 ) 兩側溫差保持近似的等値，達到最佳之多級效果，與習知 之多級蒸餾必須在不同透氣室内完成之概念有所不同。 由上述結構，可知本發明確具如下功能： L本發明在單-的透氣室内裝置多層的大型薄膜，其關鍵 在使高溫海水由高溫慢慢地降至低溫，而冷凝淡水由低 溫慢慢地升高温度，A型薄膜同高度處兩侧溫差保持近 似的等値，達到最佳之多級效果，在―定_内使整體 造水面積增加，能量利用效率增加。 2·本發明利用控制冷熱水溫度，使薄膜兩侧的溫差小，一 方面避免大量無效的熱傳，另-方面極化現象可以降低 至結晶臨界點下’而縣海水巾好結晶而阻塞薄膜的 透氣孔’阻礙造水的進行。 &本發明排除傳統多級蒸錄需要多個透氣室的想法，利 用單一透氣室與多層大型薄膜來完成多級蒸餾的觀余， 可節省設備的整體鋪，亦可防止时路長度極長，弯 曲轉折處多，容易造成熱量損耗、水頭損失、管路結垢 等問題的發生◊ ^ 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 -----I I — 111 I — II · I I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項ΐϋ寫本頁) 综上所述，本發明確能達到所預期之使用功效，又並 所揭露之具體結構’不僅未曾見諸於同類產品中，亦未曾 公開於申請前，誠以完全符合專利法之規定與要求，^ 法提出發明專利之申請，懇請惠於審查，並賜予專利，則 實感德便。 9This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 506944 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) (I2) Condensed fresh water collection tank (13) Chestnut (14) Fresh water collector As shown in the fourth figure, the present invention has a single ventilation chamber (1). The interior of the ventilation chamber is separated into several high-temperature seawater areas (3) flowing down by several large-scale films (2), and several streams flowing up. Liters of low-temperature condensing fresh water zone U) 'and using this single large and multi-layer film ventilation chamber (1) to replace the traditional (such as the invention announcement Ml523) multiple small and relatively large ventilation chambers, and cooperate with the high-temperature seawater circuit (As shown by the solid line in the figure) and condensed fresh water circuit (as shown by the dotted line in the figure) to achieve a seawater desalination method that increases the overall fresh water area layer and increases the energy utilization efficiency within a certain volume. The operation method of the present invention is to feed raw seawater (about 30 ° C as shown in the fourth figure) from a seawater inlet (5), absorb waste heat discharged from condensed fresh water through a heat exchanger (6), and then enter a heater (7 ), Heat it to a certain high temperature (as shown in 65 in the fifth figure), and then hit a high-temperature seawater collection tank (9) through a corrosion-resistant stainless steel pump (8). Due to the effect of gravity, The high-temperature seawater will slowly flow down to the ventilating chamber (D's high-temperature seawater area (3), and the temperature will slowly drop from 65 ° C to 35 ° C. The heat will be transferred to the adjacent lower-temperature condensed freshwater area that flows from bottom to top. (4), and the high-temperature seawater temperature at the same height in the plenum chamber (1) is higher than the temperature of the condensed fresh water adjacent to the large film (2) by 5.0. Therefore, the vapor pressure in the high-temperature seawater area (3) is higher than The vapor pressure of the condensed freshwater zone (4), the water vapor will condense in the condensed freshwater zone from the high-temperature seawater zone (3) through the large film (2), so the amount of high-temperature seawater will gradually decrease and the salt concentration will also Slowly increase, in order to replenish water and reduce salt concentration, it must be continuously imported from the seawater inlet ( 5) The fresh seawater is supplemented, and the height of the paper flowing out of the air permeable chamber (i) is 6. The paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) -------------. JI (Please read the precautions on the back first and write this page) Words · Printed by the Consumers 'Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 506944 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs It is discharged from the seawater outlet (11), partly mixed with fresh seawater from the seawater inlet (5), and recycled; and the low-temperature condensed fresh water (as shown in the fourth figure, 30) is condensed by the initial operation Freshwater collection tank (12 > add, flow down into the ventilating chamber (1), so that the low-temperature condensed freshwater fills the entire condensed freshwater circuit, start the pump (I3) during operation, so that the condensed freshwater circuit can be circulated, and the condensed freshwater is confined by the condensed freshwater.) (I2), slowly flowing down by gravity, and then flowing through the low-pass condensed fresh water area (4) of the ventilation chamber (1) from bottom to top, where the heat from the high-temperature seawater area (3) is absorbed, and the temperature slowly It increased from 30 to 601 because of the large film (2) on both sides The liquid has a temperature difference of 5 °. The steam of high-temperature seawater will condense into the finished fresh water through the large-scale film (2) in the low-temperature condensed fresh water zone, and the amount of water in the condensed fresh water circuit will gradually increase, so the fresh water of the finished product must also be continuously Overflow from the condensed fresh water collection tank (I2) to the fresh water collector (14). In the ventilation chamber (1), high-temperature seawater flowing from top to bottom will have evaporation heat loss and heat transfer loss due to the temperature difference between cold and hot water. The temperature gradually decreases; the low-temperature condensed fresh water from the bottom flows upwards to obtain the heat transfer caused by the heat of condensation and the temperature difference between the cold and hot water, and the temperature gradually rises, and finally the water temperature at the low-temperature condensed fresh water outlet (as shown in the fourth figure) (Shown at 60 ° C) will be higher than the water temperature at the high temperature seawater outlet (35 ° C shown in the fourth figure). In order to make efficient use of energy, the water at the outlet of the condensed freshwater zone U) is passed through a heat exchanger (6) Heat exchange with seawater, on the one hand, the temperature of the seawater can be raised (as shown in Figure 4 as 5010) to reduce the energy required for heating in the heater (7); on the other hand, Low temperature at low-temperature condensed fresh water outlet The temperature of the warm condensed fresh water is also cooled (as shown in Figure 4-40). 〇) ° 7 Table paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) " '(Please read the precautions on the back first to write this page) Binding ·-• Line 506944 A7 B7 Ministry of Economic Affairs Intellectual Property Printed by the Bureau's Consumer Cooperatives V. Description of the Invention (7) The seawater flowing out of the heat exchanger (6) (also known as the energy saver) is returned to the heater (7), and recirculated after heating; The fresh water of the exchanger (6) gradually transfers heat to the surrounding low-temperature air during the flow process, reduces the temperature, and returns to the ventilation chamber (1) to perform the step of condensing water. The high-temperature seawater circuit of this month includes the seawater inlet (5), the high-temperature seawater area (3) of the ventilation chamber (1), the heat exchanger (6), the heater (7), the corrosion-resistant stainless steel pump (8), and the high temperature. Seawater collection tank (9), seawater outlet (11); the low-temperature condensate circuit includes the low-temperature condensate zone U of the ventilation chamber (1), the heat exchanger (6), the pump (I3), and the condensed fresh water receiving tank (I2) ). The two are independent of each other. As long as the leakage detection of the overall circuit is done, especially the ventilation chamber (1) and the heat exchanger (6) ', there will be no problem of seawater leakage contaminating the fresh water of the finished product. The temperature difference between the high-temperature seawater inlet and the low-temperature condensed freshwater outlet of the present invention is only 5 ° C, and the temperature difference between the high-temperature seawater outlet and the low-temperature condensed freshwater inlet is only 5 < > C, because the temperature difference is not large, on the one hand, the cold and hot water can be avoided. A large amount of ineffective heat transfer can also moderate the temperature and concentration polarization (below the critical point), and the crystallization of the film can be avoided. In addition, the temperature required for the high-temperature seawater of the present invention is not high, and part of the heater (6) can be heated by waste heat (such as waste steam from a power plant), which can save energy expenditure. It is mentioned that the present invention uses a simple potential energy difference (the height difference between the high-temperature seawater collection tank (9), the condensed freshwater collection tank (I2) and the ventilation chamber) to control the high-temperature seawater in the air chamber (2). The flow rate and the low-temperature condensed fresh water flow rate make it flow smoothly, and the interval between the high-temperature seawater area (3) and the low-temperature condensed fresh water area (4 >) is used to control the slow temperature change, so that the large film (2) has 8 papers at the same height. Standards are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the notes on the back to write this page) i Binding ·. Thread "506944 A7 V. Description of the invention (8) The temperature difference between the two sides remains similar Wait, to achieve the best multi-stage effect, it is different from the conventional concept that multi-stage distillation must be completed in different ventilated rooms. From the above structure, it can be seen that the present invention does have the following functions: L The present invention is in a single-ventilated room The key to the installation of multi-layer large-scale films is to gradually reduce the high-temperature seawater from high temperature to low temperature, while the condensed fresh water slowly increases the temperature from low temperature. The temperature difference between the two sides of the A-type film at the same height is approximately the same. The best multi-stage effect is to increase the overall water production area and increase the energy utilization efficiency within the fixed range. 2. The present invention uses the control of the hot and cold water temperature to make the temperature difference between the two sides of the film small, and on the one hand avoid a large number of invalid heat transfers. On the other hand, the polarization phenomenon can be reduced to below the crystallization critical point, and the county seawater towel is well crystallized, and the ventilation holes of the film are blocked, which hinders the water production. &Amp; The invention excludes the traditional multi-stage steaming which requires multiple ventilation chambers. The idea is to use a single venting chamber and multiple large-scale films to complete the multi-stage distillation surplus, which can save the overall paving of the equipment, and also prevent the extremely long time path and many bends, which can easily cause heat loss, head loss, and pipelines. Scaling and other problems occur ^ ^ Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ----- II — 111 I — II · II (Please read the precautions on the back first and write this page) In summary, this Developed clearly to achieve the expected use effect, and disclosed the specific structure 'not only seen in similar products, nor disclosed before the application, sincerely in line with the provisions of the Patent Law Requirements proposed ^ method of the invention patent application, ask to examine the benefits and grant of patents, it is a real sense of ethics. 9