TW506845B - The low-density iron based materials for golf head - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a low-density iron based material for golf head, which comprises 28.0 to 31.5 wt% of Mn, 7.8 to 10.0 wt% of Al, 0.90 to 1.10 wt% of C and 0.35 to 2.5 wt% of Ti, and optionally 0.8% to 1.5 wt% of Si or 5.0 to 7.0 wt% of Cr, and the balance of Fe. The addition of Cr and Si in the materials provides excellent atmospheric corrosion resistance, and the material can be thermally treated at 950 to 1270 DEG C for 1 to 24 hours after cooling or plastic forming of the casting product, thereby obtaining an Austenite substrate with microstructures of (Ti, Fe) Cx precipitation in different ratios, such that the density of the material is less than 6.6 g/cm<SP>3</SP>, and within the range of 6.1 to 6.6 g/cm<SP>3</SP>. Therefore, the alloy material for golf head has low density and high anti-rust property.

Description

506845 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (\) The present invention relates to a low-density iron-based golf club head material, especially a density between 6.1 ~ 6.6 g / cm3 range In addition, it has high rust prevention properties, and is particularly suitable for practical materials such as casting or forging club heads for golf clubs to achieve good design change space, high rust resistance, and excellent forged surface. Alloy refers to "a substance with metallic properties formed by adding one or more other metal or non-metal elements to a metal". Academically, metal refers to pure metal elements, and the so-called "pure" metal is just a relative term. How many trace elements or compounds will be present, it is called impurities, and if it is added for some special purposes or The retained elements are called "alloying elements", so pure metals are generally referred to as refining elements that are not intentionally added to alloying elements. When pure metals are added to other metals or non-metal alloy elements to prepare alloys, their own properties will also change, such as lower melting point, higher strength, lower ductility, higher resistance, lower thermal conductivity, and heat treatment performance. Enhancement, changes in corrosion resistance, changes in magnetic properties, etc., because the mechanical, physical, and chemical properties of pure metals are improved after they are formulated into alloys. Therefore, appropriate alloy elements can be selected and controlled according to the design needs of machinery and appliances. Its content is formulated into a suitable alloy material. For example, high-strength low-alloy steel (HSLA) and alloy tool steel often used in the industry are among them. High-strength low-alloy steel is obtained by adding a small amount of alloy elements such as titanium, vanadium, and niobium within 2%. High strength is its characteristic, and it is widely used in highways and railway bridges, railway cargo and passenger cars, coach bodies, agricultural machinery or earthmoving tools. In addition, alloy tool steel rule 3 (Please read the precautions on the back first ^ Fill this page)

I Γ This paper size is in accordance with Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 506845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (") By adding alloy elements such as chromium, crane, molybdenum, hunger, nickel, etc., These alloy elements form carbides in the steel, which have the characteristics of deeper hardening depth, wear resistance and high temperature softening resistance. Generally, they can be used as cutting tools or hot working molds, or in applications where they are resistant to impact and wealth. A complete set of golf equipment includes a wood head, iron head, pitching wedge, sand wedge, putter Head (putter), shaft (divided into metal shaft and carbon fiber shaft), rubber sleeve (to absorb the friction and beauty of the contact surface between the head and the club) and rubber grip. Generally speaking, the rear part of a wooden club head is generally round, with a long shaft length, which is mainly used for kick-off or long-distance strikes. It is divided into No. 1 (driver), depending on the slope of the head and the length of the shaft. No. 2 (brassie), No. 3 (spoon), No. 4 (braffy), and No. 5 (cleek). Recently, there are also No. 7 and No. 9 wooden sticks, which can generally be selected according to personal skills, physical fitness and preferences. The shaft length of the shaft is between 43 · 5 ~ 46 · 5 British pairs, and the club head inclination is between 7.0 ~ 11.5 degrees. For wooden shafts after 2nd, the shaft length decreases by 0.5 inches. The head slope is increased by 3 degrees. The longer the shaft length, the longer the ball can be hit, and the larger the head slope, the higher the ball can be hit. In the past, wooden club heads were made of wood, and the main material was persimmon. However, in recent years, due to its corrosion resistance, toughness, and high strength-to-weight ratio, metal materials have been gradually used to make ball heads. At present, common materials such as pure Titanium, 6-4 titanium alloy, SP70G titanium alloy, 15-3-3-2 titanium alloy, 2041 titanium alloy, 2205 duplex stainless steel, Π-4PH stainless steel, AISI431, AISI455, this paper has passed the national standard (CNS) A4 Specification (21〇X 297 mm)-(Please read the note on the back? Matters, fill out this page)-Line. Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 506845 A7 B7 5. Description of the invention ( 4 AISI456, aviation lithium-aluminum alloy, and corrugated copper alloy are printed by the consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Among them, pure titanium, 6-4 titanium alloy, SP700 titanium alloy, 15-3 to 3 ~ 2 titanium alloy, 2 〇41 Titanium alloy is a high-priced material familiar to the public. At present, these metal materials have not only become widely popular, they have even surpassed wooden wood heads. As for golf irons, they mainly refer to irons, cleaves and sand. As far as pits are concerned, To hit the ball to the target point, it is characterized by a slightly shorter flight distance than a wooden club, but it can hit the ball higher and the direction is easy to grasp. The length of the No. 1 iron is about 39.5 inches, and the head is inclined. 14 degrees, the length of the shaft after No. 2 will decrease by 0.5 inches, and the head slope will increase by 4 degrees. The user can choose a suitable club to hit the ball according to the target distance. Commonly used to make iron head metal Materials are mainly stainless steel series, such as AISI304, Π-4ΡΗ stainless steel, AISI431, 2205 duplex stainless steel, AISI455, AISI456, beryllium copper alloy or wrought soft iron, etc. There are also 6-4 titanium alloy, SP700 titanium alloy, 15- 3-3-2 titanium alloy or 2041 titanium alloy is forged or rolled into a thin plate and made into a striking panel, and then it is set into a body made of 17-4PH stainless steel, AISI431, 2205 duplex stainless steel, AISI455 or AISI456. In recent years, in order to make irons have the advantages of traditional woods and irons, as well as long-distance and accuracy strike functions, there are also designs that make iron heads hollow, and in addition, irons also include close-ups around the green. Cleavage from distance ball Both clubs and bunkers used for bunker batting are both wedges. These clubs have heavy heads and large inclination, so it is easy to hit the ball high and short Excellent ball control. The putter's striking panel is perpendicular to the ground, the purpose of which is to make the ball roll smoothly. The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm). (Please read the note on the back first? (Please fill in this page on the page of Xiang Xiang)! ·: Binding printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Consumer Cooperatives printed 506845 5. Description of the invention (4) Instead of hitting the ball high, the putter attaches the greatest importance to "touching the m with soft materials, such as Soft iron, copper alloy nucleation usually makes alloys, AISI304 and so on. Sometimes it is also used privately. In addition, according to the head shape of the putter, it can be divided into four types such as d and '. D-type putters are thicker at the bottom of the club head and are more secure: = but difficult to grasp. Wonderful touch; pin-type putter = face: concave groove (concave back), and connected to the neck of the crane, and hitting point: wide 'so click the ball slightly away from the center, the ball will not be too curved ; Τ type putter is easy to hit the ball from the center because its shaft is attached to the center of the club, and ^ type putter is like other clubs, the shaft is connected to the root of the club head, so it can be the same as the swing when hitting It feels that its disadvantage is that it is easy to deviate from the center point when hitting the ball. At present, there are two main methods of manufacturing golf iron heads: precision demolition and forging. Please refer to the first figure for cooperation. In addition, there are also a small number of surface plating (such as nickel, cobalt, diamond) or The panel processing method, the overall and δ, precision butterfly removal casting method is the cheapest, but the forging processing method has many advantages, and the industry currently uses the precision dewaxing casting method and forging processing method for making iron heads. The mechanical properties of the material are shown in the second figure. The design trend of golf iron heads is mainly for successful shots with good shot points. The main design directions are as follows: 1. Larger club heads: Including wooden club heads with a volume between 280 and 3100 cc, and even 400 cc, or iron heads with a large size (Oversize), which is characterized by increasing the club head Hit the sweet zone to increase the chance of successful hits and increase the hit distance. This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

Equipment --- (Please read the note on the back to write this page first) · 506845 A7 B7 V. Invention Description ($) 2. Low Center of Gravity: In order to achieve a stable swing and hit point, and increase torsional inertia, Increasing the batting distance and lowering the center of gravity are the latest trends. 3. Low air resistance and concave-back enhanced striking surface design: In order to achieve a stable swing and hitting point and reduce torsional energy loss, the recent development trend is the computer design to change the shape of the club head to reduce the wind resistance coefficient and change the difference The center of gravity and sweet area, even the striking surface of either the iron head or the wood head are made of high-pressure extrusion method to make the striking surface. In addition, the characteristics of ball joints in current industrial mass production are as follows: 1. Corrosion resistance requirements: The salt spray test corrosion condition of 17-4PH precipitation-hardened stainless steel is generally used as the standard. The test conditions are about 35 ° C and 5% NaCl. , 48 hours. 2. Material performance requirements of wooden club heads ... Generally, the tensile strength is 1100 ~ 1500Mpa as the required range, and the elongation is 10% as the basic requirement. Of course, the higher the combination of strength and elongation, the better, in order to increase the ball head volume or Sweet area design space. 3. Material performance requirements of iron heads: Generally, the tensile strength is 700 ~ 100OMpa as the required range, and the elongation is 10% as the basic requirement. Of course, the higher the combination of strength and elongation, the better, in order to increase the ball head volume or increase the impact. Design space such as ball time and handling. In addition, golf club specifications are based on the weight of the club head. Overall, the material density or material strength ratio is another important consideration when selecting materials. In the past, traditional metal club heads used iron-based materials. Such as stainless steel or tool steel and other high-strength corrosion-resistant materials, with a density between 7.8 ~ 8. lg / cm3, or using Ming as the material, such as precipitation hardening Ming 7 This paper size applies to Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the phonetic on the back? Please fill in this page during the matter period) Order:

Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 506845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (k) Gold, the density of which is between 2.7 ~ 2.8 g / cm3, the intensity ratio (intensity / density) of these two materials is less than 1.8xl04m, the mechanical properties and strength of some materials are shown in the third picture. Recently, due to the development and mass production of titanium alloys, the density of which is between 4.5 ~ 4.8 g / cm3, so the strength ratio of titanium alloys can reach more than 2.3x104m, which makes great changes in the design of golf heads, but titanium alloys The price is still high. In other words, if new materials with low density, high elongation or high toughness, and a certain strength can be developed, and the price is reasonable, low density will make the ball head design space larger, and the appropriate strength will be Stabilize the hitting distance and reduce the thickness of the hitting panel to increase the design space. High elongation or toughness can increase the ball control performance, which can make the hitting effect of the golf iron head to the best. In the past one or two decades, the iron-aluminum-manganese alloy steel series has been extensively studied by experts and scholars at home and abroad. It has been shown that different alloy designs can make iron-aluminum-manganese alloy steels have high strength, high toughness, low temperature resistance, and resistance. The characteristics of high temperature and wear resistance are described in detail in the following papers or patents: 1. Published by CH Kao et al., 1988, Journal of Materials Science, Vol. 23, p. 744, titled "Effect of Manganese" on the Oxidation of Fe-Mn-Al-C alloys ". 2. Published by Charles, J., et al., 1981, Met · Prog., Page 71, titled "Phase Decomposition of Rapidly Solidified Fe-Mn-Al-C Austenitic Alloys". 3. Published by JB Duh, et al., 1990, Corrosion, Vol. 46, p. 983, titled "Effect of Potential on the Paper Standard Applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm). Read the precautions on the back. ”This page is printed on the page of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the consumer co-operative cooperatives 506845 A7 B7 Printed by the Employee Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the Consumer Cooperatives Fe-Al-Mn Alloy in 3.5% NaCl Solution ". 4. J.C. Benz, et al., 1985, Journal of Metals, page 36, titled "An Assessment of Fe-Mn-A1 Alloys as Substitutes for Stainless Steels". 5. J.C. Garcia, Published by others, 1982, Metal Progress, p. 47, heading "Development of Oxidation Resistant Fe-Mn-Al Alloys". 6. Kazunori Sato, et al., 1988, Scripta Metal lurgica, Volume 22, Volume 6, page 899, entitled "Age Hardening of an Fe-30Mn-9Al-0.9C Alloy by Spinodal Decomposition". 7. KH. Han, et al., 1998, Scripta Metal lurgica, Vol. 22, p. 1873, entitled “A Further Contribution to the Phase Constitution in (FeojMriuDojAlo.n-xC Pseudo-Binary System”. 8 · KH Han, 1999, Materials Science and Engineering, 1 page, titled "The microstructures and mechanical properties of an austenitic Nb-bearing Fe-Mn-Al-C alloy processed by controlled rolling". 9. Published by TFLiu, 1990, U.S. Patent No. 4,968,357, entitled "Hot-Rolled Alloy Steel Plate". 10. Published by SC Tjong et al., 1986, Materials Sciene and engineering, page 203, titled 1986, "The first read the notes on the back,

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This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) 506845 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 5. Description of the invention (g) microstructure and stress corrosion creaking behaviour of precipitation-hardened Fe -8 · 7Al-29Mn-1.04C alloy in 20% NaCl solution ". Ll.X · J. Liu, et al., 1996, Metallurgical Transactions A, Volume 27, page 2429, title, 1996," Experimental Study of the Phase Equilibria in the Fe-Al-Mn System. "12. Schmatz, DJ, 1960, Trans. ASM, Vol. 52, p. 898, titled" Structure and Properties of Austentic Alloys Containing Aluminum and Silicon " 13. Krivonogov, published by G.S. et al., 1975, 卩 1 ^ 3 · Met. &Amp; Metal log, Volume 4, page 29, titled "Phase Trasformation Kinetics in Steel 9G28Yu9MVB". 14. Banerji Published by SK, April 1978, Met · Prog, p. 59, titled "An Austenitic Stainless Steel Without Nickel or Chromium," 15. Cha Published by rles, J. et al., 1981, Met. Prog., page 71, titled Phase Decomposition of Rapidly Solidified Fe-Mn-Al-C Austenitic Alloys ". 16. Published by Grcia, J., et al., 1982, Met. Prog., Page 47, titled Development of Oxidation Resistant Fe-Mn-A1 Alloys. 17. Published by Wang, R. et al., 1983, Met. · Prog., Page 72, headline "New Stainless Steel Without Nickel or Please read the notes on the back first

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This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) A7 A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Description (q)

Chromiun for alloys Applicati〇ns ". In general, 'the past scholars and experts in the research of Tie Mingmeng alloys can be summarized in the following directions, summarized as follows: L Choi Chun: Guo Yan experts and scholars have been Uniform corrosion, stress corrosion, bubble corrosion, high temperature corrosion, pitting corrosion, and hydrogen diffusion are studied.

The results of research by Charles et al. Show that when the content of aluminum in the iron-aluminum-manganese alloy is more than 6.5w.U, a continuous protective layer (ΑΙΑ3) will be formed on the surface, which makes the iron-aluminum-manganese alloy resistant to Corrosion is better than ordinary carbon steel and low alloy steel, and it is close to AISI 4χχ stainless steel in neutral environment. In 1987, SC. Chang et al. Explored iron-aluminum-manganese alloys in artificial seawater with a pH value between 5 and 8 based on complete Vostian iron type, fat-grained iron type, and dual-phase iron-manganese-aluminum alloy. The linear corrosion rate can be known from the research results: the addition of aluminum (A1), chromium (Cr), silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo) and other elements help the iron-aluminum-manganese alloy resist uniform corrosion in seawater In addition, the dual-phase iron-aluminum-titanium alloy valley is apt to produce pore residues in the ferrous iron phase. If (M0) element is added, the tendency of uniform corrosion and pitting of the alloy can be reduced. In 1988, J. β. Duh et al. Studied the corrosion fatigue phenomenon of iron-aluminum-manganese alloys in NaCl solution and found that the difference in iron-ming-manganese alloys' shelving energy is lower than that of AISI 316 stainless steel. Has better fatigue resistance. 2 · Temperature of Cainan: In 1988, S.C. Chang et al. Studied the anti-oxidation characteristics of iron-aluminum-bell alloys at the same temperature and found that 1% broken (Si) and 3% were added to iron-ming-manganese alloys. Chromium (Cr) can improve the high temperature oxidation resistance of the alloy, but the increase in carbon (C) content is not conducive to high temperature oxidation resistance. In 1989, i S. 11 This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)

5. Description of the invention (L0)

Yang et al. Studied iron-aluminum-manganese alloys in a high-temperature air and nitrogen environment and found that iron-aluminum-manganese alloys with a manganese content are susceptible to nitrogen infiltration and easily form an A1N structure. 3. Castability and fluidity: Iron-aluminum-manganese alloy steel has a face-centered cubic structure (FCC) at room temperature, and its ductility is superior to commercial cast steel and cast iron with a body-centered cubic structure (BCC). According to the previous research results, the iron-aluminum-manganese alloy has good castability and fluidity, but the mechanical properties of the iron-aluminum-manganese system alloy in the as-cast state are very different, such as: high and medium aluminum alloys Extremely brittle, medium aluminum low manganese alloy has toughness, low aluminum alloy has good toughness. However, after casting into a casting, after proper heat treatment, precipitation hardening effect will be produced, and excellent strength and elongation will be obtained. In 1999, the inventor directed the master student Liu Xinghua's Shun Wen of Pingtung University of Science and Technology to withdraw. In the study of iron-based alloy sheet castings containing 10% 1 Lu, 5 ~ 15, and 100% carbon, it was found that: (1) The microstructure is a typical α + 7 dual-phase steel, observed by an electron microscope. The r phase is a mixed region of r + / c + / c '; 〇: phase is D〇3 + / c &quot; mixed region, where / C phase is (Fe, Mn) 3A1CX carbides with a disordered L12 structure, / C, are ordered L ,: (Fe, Mn) 3A1Cx carbides with a U structure, and with a sharp increase in content, in a two-phase structure The area of the α phase gradually becomes smaller. (2) The violent content in the alloy changes from 5 ~ 40w.t ·%, its hardness value ranges from HRC31 ~ 44, tensile strength is within the range of 65 ~ 91kg / mm2, and the elongation is between 16 ~ 30%, and When the manganese content reaches 15%, the iron-aluminum-manganese alloy has a maximum hardness value of HRC43 · 3 and a maximum tensile strength value of 90 · 5kg / mm2 〇12 506845 A7

V. Description of the invention (u) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4. Research on high-strength, high-leakage alloys: high-strength, high-strength iron-aluminum-manganese alloy steels, which are both meaningful The ductility of STAIN-based stainless steel and the strength of alloy steel after quenching and tempering. The mechanical properties of iron-aluminum-manganese alloy steel to obtain high strength and toughness can be controlled by: (1) the content of Shao, Meng, and carbon elements, after After years of research, Kayak has found the ideal composition range: iron, 8.0 ~ 10.0 · w · t.% Shao, 25.0 ~ 30 · 0w · t ·% manganese, 1 · 0w.t ·% carbon. (2) Heat treatment (Solution treatment): A complete Vostian iron phase with a face-centered cubic (FCC) structure can be obtained through a solution heat treatment of 95 to 120 (rc). (3) Aging at 450 to 750 C at different times The fine (Fe, Mn) SA1CX phase carbides can be integrated and precipitated in the Worstian iron base. Because (Fe, Mn) 3A1CX phase is uniformly integrated and precipitated in the base, high strength and high toughness iron can be obtained. -Aluminium-manganese alloy steel. In addition, Professor Liu Zengfeng from the Institute of Materials Research of Jiaotong University successfully developed a patent for the "Hot-Rol led A1 loy Steel Plate" using a new alloy design concept. This patent shows the proper alloy design Can make iron-aluminum-manganese alloy steel in the hot-rolled state without any subsequent heat treatment, and its mechanical properties can reach or be better than those currently required by Wastian ironing, quenching and tempering QT · alloy steel plates for military or military use. According to their research findings, iron-aluminum-manganese-carbon alloys after solution treatment, quenching, and aging treatment have different mechanical properties: tensile strength is between 8 and 8 〇 ~ 200ksi , The drop strength is between 70 ~ 160ksi, and the elongation is between 50 ~ 25%. In addition, the content of elements such as aluminum, manganese, carbon and so on is appropriately adjusted, and a small amount of titanium, niobium, vanadium is added (Ti + Nb + V $ 13 This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 x 297 mm) (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page). ---- I ---. ^ 06845 A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of the invention (t &gt;) 〇 · 5Wt ^) Through 'excellent alloy design and continuous control of hot rolling After that, the iron-ming-M hot-rolled alloy steel plate in the hot-rolled state (without any subsequent heat treatment) can possess a tensile strength between 12 () ~ · ksi t and a strength between 80 ~ 16Gksi &lt; Drop strength, while its elongation and impact value can still be maintained between 6Q ~ and 180 ~ 4Gft-lb, its mechanical properties can reach or even better than the current need to go through ironing, quenching and tempering Commercial or military QT alloy steel plate. As disclosed in US Patent No. 4968357. Iron I —The typical composition and mechanical properties of the fierce alloy, as shown in the fourth figure. In addition, 'the inventor of the alloy once had 7.8% of 9.2% inscription, 30% short, and 10% hindrance.' The analysis of Ming, 30%, and 0.8% carbon-based iron-based alloys shows that the results are impressive, and the item * has 10/0 aluminum, 30% manganese, and ι · 〇%. Carbon! 88 4 ί! 1050CM HRb9,7

• The value of a few dollars is 922 ~ 805MPa, the value of undulation intensity is 640 ~ 560Mpa, and the elongation is heart π. , ^ B4U ~ 5. 'Fork degree is 6.68 ~ 6 84g / cm3, after salt spray test with 5% salt water, 4g / Cm for 48 hours, it shows poor corrosion resistance, and after hot forging at 1080 ° C The surface roughness of the material after the pure etching of the MU is poor. The surface roughness is Ra = 3.2 ~ 6.1. "Γ? People have also developed iron-based alloys containing 25 ~ 3 relays, 6.3 ~: &quot; 0.65 ~ 0.85% carbon, 5.5 ~ 9 ..% chromium, which can be controlled by appropriate dagger, processing and heat treatment technology, and can Add this alloy to pass the ball salt spray test and make the alloy elongation between 60 ~ 80%. Overall, S and Fe alloys have excellent mechanical properties and low density characteristics, which is very suitable for the field of Yingshi golf forehead. Therefore, domestic -1 ϋ · I _ϋ n 1 1 nn One: * I n ϋ nn ϋ ϋ II — (Please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page)

845 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention ((¾) In recent years, we have begun to develop iron-aluminum-manganese alloy steel for golf club heads, such as the Republic of China Patent No. 58525, but its density is about 6.65. ~ 6.95g / cm3, but the corrosion resistance is still insufficient. In view of this, the inventors have used the concept of alloy design and process treatment to design the low-density iron-based golf club head material of the present invention. In order to provide a material with low density, its density is lower than 6.6g / cm3, and is between 6.0 ~ 6.6g / cm3, and has excellent corrosion resistance, which is different from the previous research and design of experts and scholars The scope is more in line with materials used to make design requirements for golf club heads with different shapes or low center of gravity weights. The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a low-density iron-based golf club head material, which The material contains 28 〇 ~ 315 ^ 7% manganese, 7.8 ~ 10 · 〇w · t ·% Ming, 0.9 ~ 1 ～ i〇w · 7% carbon, and 35 ~ 2.5wt ·% titanium , Which can also add 〇8 ~ 15wt% silicon or 50 ~ 7.0wt ·% chromium, the remaining proportion Combined with iron as the base material, as the added chromium and silicon have excellent resistance to atmospheric corrosion, and can be heated at a temperature of 95 ~ 127〇t after the cooling process or plastic processing of the casting 丨~ 24 J, hourly heat treatment, that is, obtained from the vostian iron base with different proportions of precipitated phases' to make its material density reach the range of 6 · i ~ 6 · 6g / cm3, so as to provide a low density and high rust resistance. Golf club head materials. In order to allow your reviewers to further understand the composition of the invention and its mechanical properties, detailed drawings are attached as follows. (-## Schematic part: Section-Figure: Department Comparison table of the characteristics of golf club heads manufactured by precision dewaxing casting method and forging processing method. 15 This paper size is applicable to the CNS A4 specification ⑵Q χNuo Gongai 506845 5. Description of the invention (ίφ) Second Figure · is a comparison table of materials commonly used to make golf club heads and their machines. · Second image · is a table of materials commonly used to make golf club heads and their mechanical properties and strength ratio comparison tables. Experts and scholars research iron — -Comparison table of typical composition and mechanical properties of manganese alloy. Figure 5: Composition table of the examples and comparative examples of the present invention. Figure 6: Properties table of the examples and comparative examples of the present invention. : It is not intended that the effect of different forging temperatures on the surface roughness of the embodiment of the present invention. 'Figure 8: It is an embodiment of the present invention, the metallographic diagram (a) and scanning electrons of the material after 2 hours of heat treatment at 11000c Microscope image (b). Ninth image is an example of the present invention, the content of the alloy (Ti, pe) cx precipitated phase. Tenth image: is an example of the present invention, the alloy (Ti, Fe) G precipitated phase X-ray energy disperser distribution component analysis chart. Figure 11: This is an embodiment of the present invention. The alloy (Ti, Fe) q precipitates are printed at the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. [〇1] (a), [-1, 1, 2] ( b) and the selected area diffraction pattern in [on] (c) directions. Fig. 12 is an embodiment of the present invention, an electron microscope photograph of a material, a bright field photograph (a), a [100] selective diffraction pattern (b). Fig. 13 is an example of the material of the present invention used for manufacturing a golf club cast head and a forged striking panel. This invention relates to a low-density iron-based golf club head material. ___ 16 1 This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) &quot;-506845

V. Description of the Invention (The Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs prints the main elements of the composition are iron, Wei, Shao, carbon, titanium, which can also add silicon and chromium elements; of which, the manganese content is 28.0 ~ 315w · T%, the composition of aluminum is 7.8 ~ 10.Ow · t ·%, the composition of carbon is 009 ~ 11〇w · t%, the composition of titanium is 0.35 ~ 2.5 ~ .7%, chromium The composition is 50 ~ 7 (^ 7%, the composition of silicon is 0.8 ~ 1.5wt ·%, and the rest are made of iron as the base material. As shown in the fifth figure, Qian Bu 丨^ This is the composition of the present invention, No. 11 ~ 20 is a comparative example. Then as shown in the sixth figure: No. 2 alloy, heat treatment at iiooi temperature for 2 hours and found that its density 6.596g / cm3, anti The tensile strength can reach 986Mpa, the drop strength is 763.4Mpa, the elongation rate is 38.5%, the density is 6.518g / cm3, and it can be reached when the salt spray test is sprayed with 5% salt water for 48 hours and the shelling test is 30 seconds.袼 Standard. No. 6 alloy 'is heat treated at 1100 ° C for 2 hours and found' its tensile strength can reach 1247 · 4Mpa, and its drop strength is 895 · 6Mpa. The elongation is 10.1%, which meets the ball head manufacturing standard, with a density of 6.273g / cm3, and it can pass the standard when the salt spray test is sprayed with 5% salt water for 48 hours and the shelling test is 3,000 rounds. The alloy developed by US Patent No. 4968357 has a tensile strength of 1321 · 4Mpa, a drop strength of 1242. 8Mpa, an elongation of 36.9%, and a density of 6.871g / cm3. The alloy No. 12 was developed by US Patent No. 4968357 The tensile strength of the alloy is 878 · 5Mpa, the drop strength is 635.7Mpa, and the elongation is 17. This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling (This page) ·; I installed --- I ordered! --- 506845 A7 V. Description of the invention (27. 8%, density is 6.695g / cm3. The above materials, after 3,000 rounds of bombardment tests, can meet the qualification standards, Its salt spray test with 5% salt water spray for 48 hours failed to meet the ideal standard, and in addition, its density exceeded the expected design target of the present invention. Alloy No. 19 was found to be heat-treated at ii ° C for 2 hours and found to be tensile resistant. The intensity is 834.5Mpa, and the drop strength is 632.9Mpa. The elongation is 37.5% and the density is 6.738g / cm3. After passing 3,000 shots in the shelling test and spraying with 5% salt water for 48 hours, the eligibility standard can be reached, and its density exceeds the expected target of the present invention. No. 20 alloy, at 110 ( After heat treatment at rc temperature for 2 hours, it was found that its tensile strength is 821 · 5Mpa, drop strength is 618 · 9Mpa, elongation is 43.5%, density is 6_649g / cm3, after 3000 shots and salt spray test with 5% salt water spray 48 Hours can reach the composite standard, and its density exceeds the intended goal of the present invention. In addition, as shown in the seventh figure, No. 2 alloy, the material was trial-produced with a golf iron head at a forging temperature of 900-1200 ° C. It was found that the surface was roughened and the forging temperature increased by 2.4 / zm. Change to 5 · 8 / ζπι, so 'If the high-quality forged surface is to be Ra below 3 / zm, the hot forging temperature of the alloy range material of the present invention should be below 1100 ° C. The following are the design proportions, limit ranges and their effects on the material properties of the various added elements, respectively. The explanation is as follows: Bell: It usually coexists with iron. Because manganese easily combines with sulfur, it can eliminate the hot brittleness caused by sulfur. Harmful effect f, and it can remove the oxides in the material. In high carbon steel, manganese will combine with carbon to form Mn3C, and it is compatible with Fe3C to synthesize (Fe, Mn) 3C, which can enhance the strength and hardening of the material.

-^ mn I— I- l I «I ϋ ϋ ϋ ^ I- HL · I ------ Order- 丨 丨 · I ----. (Please read the note on the back first? Matter # 'Fill in this Page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs

506845 This paper is suitable for the country's national specifications at 1 degree. ⑽χ 挪 公 爱 A7 V. Description of the invention uO). In general, when the chain content is less than 23 5 w t%, some ferrous grain iron phases are easily generated in the finished product, which is not conducive to processability or extensibility. If the content is more than 32W.U, it will promote ^ Μη The phase precipitates at the grain boundary and causes brittleness. Therefore, the design range of the turtle content of the material of the present invention should be strictly limited to 28.0 ~ 31.5w · t ·%. Ming: Ming is an excellent deoxidizer. It can not only grow crystal grains, form dispersed oxides or nitrides, increase the corrosion resistance of the alloy, but also effectively improve the ductility, processability and luster of the material. . In general, when the aluminum content is greater than 7.3w t.%, The alloy can have good resistance to recording. If the content of the aluminum is greater than 1Q.5w.t.%, it will cause the precipitation or the D03 phase to precipitate. The brittleness "thus" the design range of the material content of the present invention should be strictly limited to between 7 · 8 ~ 10 · wt ·%. Carbon · In addition to the precipitation of carbides, carbon is also an element in the stable phase of Festian iron. As the carbon content increases, the iron in the fertilizer particles decreases and the iron in Worstian becomes more stable. In general, when the carbon content is greater than 0.5wt%, the material can form a vostian iron phase stably, but in the present invention, the carbon content of the alloy must exceed 0.9w t.% Due to the adjustment of the addition of titanium element, such as No. 17 person's carbon content was 0.81w.tmloot. After heat treatment for 2 hours, it was found that although the density was 6.517g / Cffl3, which was lower than the design target, the fogging test was not ideal. In addition, when the carbon content is greater than 13 wt%, the amount of precipitated carbides at the grain boundary will be increased, which will adversely affect the ductility. Therefore, the design of the carbon content of this material should be strictly limited to 0 shoulder ~. Wei u 19

------------ ^^ 1 -------- ^ -------- I (Please read the phonetic on the back? Matters before filling out this page) , Invention description ug). Chromium: When chromium is added to the material, it can not only increase the corrosion and oxidation resistance of the material, but also improve the hardening energy and high temperature strength of the material, especially for the wear resistance of high carbon steel. On the whole, when the chromium content is less than 5.5wt%, the club head made by this material does not meet the salt spray test standard. For example, the alloy 20 has a chromium content of 3.82wt ·%, and its salt spray test is not ideal. When the chromium content is greater than 8 · Ow · t ·%, the alloy forms a dual-phase structure composed of Vosstian iron and ferrous iron, reducing the alloy's resistance to money, and causing the alloy's club head to not meet the salt spray test standard. . For example, alloy No. 19 has a chromium content of 8 77 w t%, and its salt ^ test 2 is also not ideal. Therefore, the design content of chromium content of the material of the present invention should be strictly limited to 5.0 · 7 ~ Ow · t ·%. Shi Xi · Shi Xi has the characteristics of preventing the formation of pores, increasing the shrinkage effect and increasing the fluidity of molten steel in the material, but when the silicon content is greater than 15w t%, the alloy will become brittle. For example, alloy No. 15 has a silicon content of 2.0lw · t% and its elongation is not ideal. Therefore, if the material of the present invention can be added with 8 to 1.5 «^ 1:.% Of &gt; 5th, it will be helpful for the process of casting raw materials. Titanium: Titanium can reduce the density of the material and increase the corrosion resistance of the material. In general, when the titanium content is less than 0.35w.t ·%, the effect of reducing the density of the material and increasing the corrosion resistance of the material is not obvious. Above 2 5 w t%, the elongation of the material will be reduced, so that the elongation is lower than the expected value of the head manufacturing by 10% or less. In addition, add 0.35 ~ 2 5 ¥ 1:% titanium, which will help the material to form the microstructure of Vostian iron base and different proportions of (Ti, Fe) precipitated phases, as shown in the eighth figure and the ninth As shown in the figure, the (Ti, Fe) ^ precipitate phase will be = 506845, invention description ([Cj r 1 printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs to help the material grain refinement, this precipitate phase is determined by x_ 光The energy dispersive analyzer (EDS) analyzes the carbides composed of titanium, iron, and carbon elements, as shown in Figure 10 and observed by a transmission electron microscope as a face-centered cubic structure (FCC), as shown in Figure 11 Lg / cm3, if the low-density element ^ is contained in the base or the precipitation of (Ti, Fe) Cx will effectively reduce the material density to 6.6 ~ 6. Lg / cm3, in Under the same weight specification, a larger head volume can be obtained, so that the head has a large space for change in shape. Therefore, 'the titanium element design addition range of the material of the present invention should be strictly limited to 0.35 ~ 2 · 5w · t.%. Overall and a, golf ball made of the material of the present invention If it is forged, it can be hot-forged at 900 ~ 110 (rc temperature) to obtain the best surface accuracy of Ra = 3em or less. If it is processed at 1100 ~ 1200, it will increase the oxide layer. It will make the surface roughness Ra of the workpiece greater than 3 μm. It is not good for the quality of the golf head. With the above design, the low-density iron-based golf material of the present invention has the following advantages: 1. Mechanical strength: The content of manganese and carbon is properly controlled, and titanium is added to the material to refine the grains of the material. As shown in the eighth figure, its tensile strength value is between 921.5 ~ 1247 · 4Mpa, and its drop strength value is between 756 ~ 895 · Between 6Mpa, if this material is used to make the club head, the best requirements of the golf head can be exerted. In addition, if the proper aging treatment is performed, the strength of the material can be improved, such as alloys 3 and 4, because (Fe , Mn) 3A1Cx carbides are integrated into the base, as shown in Figure 12. 2 · Low-duty · Due to the proper control of carbon content, carbon content, and addition, please read the note above

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A7 B7 50 · 35 ~ 2.5wt ·% titanium element, which makes the material be a low-density Ti element with Vostian iron phase base, solid solution part of the base, and different proportions of low-density ^ (Ti'Fe) Cx precipitated phase. Composition, it can effectively reduce the material density to 6 6 ~ 6 · 'If the material is used to make a club head, the same weight specification limit I can get a larger club head volume, so that the club head has a larger shape design · Corrosion resistance: Because the material is added with 5 ~ chrome and 0.35 ~ 2.5wt% titanium, these elements have excellent effects on the resistance to atmospheric residual corrosion ^, and will reduce the golf ball manufacturing cost. As stated above, under the conditions of proper composition control and forging temperature, the low-density iron-based golf club head material of this month has low density: Mingji X, salt spray resistance test, and good forging surface quality. Characteristics, this hairpin material is used to make an example of a golf club head, as shown in the thirteenth figure: = Coffee consumption standard ticket standard 22 (210 X 297 mm) #

Claims (1)

Bird 845 C8 D8, Patent Application Scope No. 90122045 Application Patent Scope Amendment 1 · A low-density iron-based golf club head material with a material of 28.0 ~ 31.5wt〇 / 〇il ^ 7.8 ^ 1〇.〇wt〇 / 〇 | g &gt; 〇 · 9〇 ^ i.j0w &gt; L〇 / 〇 ^ and 〇35 ~ 2.5wt,% titanium, and the remaining ratio is based on the combination of iron as the base material, the material bifurcation can reach 6.1 ~ 6.6g / cm3; The material is hot forged at a temperature of 900 ~ 1 lOOt, so that the forged material can raise the surface of the shellfish and the surface rough chain degree is between 2.4 ~ 3.0 / zm. 2 · The low-density iron-based golf club head material described in item (1) of the scope of the patent application, wherein the material can be added with 50 ~ 70 wt% chromium to increase the material's salt spray resistance test. 3 · As for the low-density iron-based golf talent head material described in item 1 of the scope of the patent application, the material can be added with 0.8 ~ 1.5w.t ·% Shixi to enhance the fluidity during the production of scales. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) WINWIN This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)