TW503318B - Apparatus and method for advance electric utility meter - Google Patents

Abstract

An electric utility meter having commercially feasible means to detect electric utility theft and means to transfer electric utility theft information back to electric utility company. In particular, the means to detect electric utility theft include detection of electric utility theft by connection of bypass wire and detection of electric utility theft by externally induced strong electromagnetic field, herein abbreviated as EMF. Upon detecting electric utility theft, bypass wire electric utility theft counter or external EMF electric utility theft counter is incremented respectively. There will be no means to neither decrement nor reset these electric utility theft counters. Electric utility customer will slot a smart card into the electric utility meter for loading electric utility theft information and other meter information from electric utility meter onto the smart card, before going to electric utility counter for payment of electric utility consumption. Once arriving at electric utility counter, the information stored in smart card is loaded onto the computer and stored in a central computer. A difference in values of electric utility theft counters, between previous update and the present update, indicates detection of electric utility theft. The accumulated electric utility measurement can also be loaded into the smart card for billing purpose. Once payment is made, the presently updated meter information, but not the electric utility theft counter values, registered in central computer is loaded into electric utility meter for the purpose of enabling the electric utility meter to calculate next bill payment.

Description

503318 V. Description of the invention (1) The present invention relates to a power meter which can deter theft of electricity and avoid manual meter reading. The method and device can effectively detect the theft of electricity, and can detect the theft of electricity. The data is sent back to the power supply company, especially to detect power theft methods using bypass lines and strong electromagnetic field induction. Most power companies will face two difficulties, one is the problem of stolen electricity, and the other is the cost and manual implementation of manual meter reading. Among them, the problem of theft of electricity is generally Two methods are widely used, one is to modify the internal circuit of the power meter; the other is to parallel a bypass line outside the power meter, making the power meter unable to effectively record the used power value; and one is less used The method is to use a strong electromagnetic field induction outside the power meter, which indirectly affects the power value record of the power meter. However, for some of the better-designed power meter devices today, it is no longer possible to modify the internal circuit. Therefore, a solution can be studied for a method of paralleling a bypass line outside the power meter and applying a strong electromagnetic field induction outside the power meter. Method; however, in fact, the existing power supply companies do not have effective methods to prevent their power theft. Therefore, how to propose a novel and special solution to the problem of the conventional power meter device, not only can detect the situation of power theft, but also can return the information of the power theft to the power supply company, especially for the purpose of detecting The use of bypass lines and strong electromagnetic field induction to steal electricity has long been a user ’s long-awaited problem and the inventor wants to solve the problem. The inventor has been engaged in related research, development, The practical experience of sales and sales is the idea of thinking and improvement. It has poor personal expertise and has been designed and discussed by many parties. It has also been tested and sampled numerous times.

Page 7 ^ 03318 V. Description of the invention (2) After a good study, a group was finally developed to solve the main purpose of the present invention, which is to provide a box = question. Ling is the power meter of the work meter and its method and equipment to deter the theft of electricity and prevent the company from being supplied. The secondary purpose of the present invention is to provide a thunder force tk of a meter reading, a method and a device for a power meter that can deter theft of electricity and prevent the meter from being stolen. In his brother ’s electricity meter, insert the Lei Li Monk Month = Ic record card used in this period into §HAI, and the user can log in to the exemption at Feng Zhizhi Power 徂 _ \ Power usage status :: 目 I should be at the company's relevant counter Pay ... in order to achieve the power drink Κϊ 一 ΐί If the staff understands the structural features of the present invention and the achieved f; :: Recognize, only with the preferred embodiment diagram and a detailed explanation, the description is as follows: First, 'Please refer to FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the drawing, it is a block diagram of a single-phase power meter 10, and a power system circuit 1 822 is used to provide power for the power meter 10. The electronic components of the device operate; the power meter measurement circuit 1810 includes a current element 1811, a voltage element 1814, and a power calculation circuit ι816, where the current element 1811 is used to measure the input terminal of the power meter 10 live line ( Hve} ine i η 1 et) 1 4 1 and live The output terminal (1 i ve 1 i ne 〇u11 et) 1 42 has a load current of 1 5 4 ', and the voltage element i 8 丨 4 is used to measure the live line input terminal i 4 ground line input terminal (neutral line iniet) m's supply voltage value; and 'the calculated value of real-time power is transmitted to the main controller 1850, and then displayed on the liquid crystal display panel 1820, but if the main distribution grid (ma i η is detected

Page 8 503318 V. Description of the invention (3) The distribution grid) fails, the previously calculated power value will be stored in the non-volatile memory 16 〇, and then the measurement and consumption part of its power meter device 丨 〇 can be Information that the theft was detected was sent back to the power supply company. The first method of debt theft test is to use a bypass line detector 丨 8 3 〇 to detect the use of bypass line 30 to steal electricity; therefore, if the bypass line 30 is used to steal electricity, then bypass line detection The test circuit 丨 8 〇 will increase the value of the detection of the bypass line counter 16 2 in the non-volatile memory 160 through the main controller 18 5 〇. Another 'the second method to detect power theft is to use an external electromagnetic field detection circuit 1 840 to measure external strong electromagnetic 32 interference; therefore, if a strong electromagnetic 32 is used to induce power theft, then the external electromagnetic field detection circuit 1 8 4 〇 The value of the electromagnetic field register 16 in the non-volatile memory 16 will be increased through the main controller 1850. Finally, before paying the current electricity bill, you can use the IC record card 20 to insert into the IC card reader 12 slot of the power meter device 10 to register the current electricity bill and electricity usage information. In the IC record card, when the power supply company pays the electricity bill, the information of the electricity bill to be paid and the use of electricity is registered in the central computer of the electricity supply company, and the electricity bill is paid accordingly. The information includes a detection and destruction counter 1 6 1 record, a detection bypass line counter 1 6 2 record, a detection electromagnetic field counter 1 6 4 record, a power meter serial number 1 6 6 and a power measurement record 1 6 8. Moreover, please refer to FIG. 2, which is a schematic diagram of the power supply operation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, for the connection of the power supply circuit and other electronic circuits, the alternating current (AC) is provided by the live line input terminal 1 4 1 and ground line input 1 4 3 are stepped down by τ 1 transformer 1 8 2 4 and then reduced by B1 bridge rectifier.

V. Description of the invention (4)

^ ^ Direct current (DC); and D1 diode is used to isolate the Vu terminal electrical mc / capacitor. Generally speaking, the ei capacitance is usually larger, which is about i〇uF In normal operation, it is the main voltage controller 6800 which can store the internal voltage of 6 $ to store its data in the non-volatile memory 160. Furthermore, the ICi voltage regulator is used to filter it through the C1 capacitor. Until the voltage is stable, it is maintained at 5 volts. Similarly, the IC2 voltage regulator keeps the DC voltage filtered by the C2 capacitor high-frequency stable at 2 volts, and the 2 volts is its reference voltage for current and DC reference for voltage measurement. Bing ^ Ming refer to Figure 3 is a block diagram of the power calculation of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, the signal is adjusted by the CT1 current transformer 812 to the BF 1 buffer circuit i 8 丨 3, and then I㈡ Analog Digital Converter (ADC); the signal is also adjusted by the ρτι potential transformer 1814 to the heart 2 buffer circuit 1815 and then to the Ic3 analog digital converter (adc); and the two buffer circuits are used to prevent input analog digital The converter (aDC) iC3 & IC4 signal produces overshoot and undershoot negative shoot (under shoot), and the IC5 digital signal processor (Dsp) is from the analog digital converter (ADC) IC 3 and IC 4 The data sampling is used to calculate the real-time power measurement, and the real-time power measurement is to add the sampled values to the total power consumption reflected in the power meter. Please refer to FIG. 4 for a schematic diagram of a buffer circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown, it is a buffer circuit BF1 and BF2 connected to a CT1 current transformer 1812 and a PT1 potential transformer 1814, and a resistor R1 is a CR1 current The load of transformer 1812 and PT1 potential transformer 1814, and the resistance of R2 and R3 are

Page 10 503318

V. Description of the invention (5) The reverse gain of the snubber circuit can be set; in fact, the two snubbers are not as useful as the current element 1811 and the voltage element 1814 to measure their values. To the operational amplifier, the signals of the analog digital converter (ADC) IC3 and IC4 are used to generate overshoot π, π ^ (under shoot) w < two and undershoot negative spikes. Refer to FIG. 5, which is a schematic diagram of a bypass line detector of a preferred embodiment of the present invention ++ ^ ^ b, ^ ^ ^; as shown in the figure, it is used to keep secrets ^ , π early line type bypass line detection 1831, and current transformer 1 832, test current rose circuit (1) 1 835 and test current adjustment circuit (1) 1 836 are used to detect the test current ι50 and the testable circuit 'That is to say in the structure', only an electric current passing through the current transformer 1 833 and the flu test line 140 are used; when no bypass is connected in parallel with the line 30, the AC current 150 generated by the test current circuit 1831 passes the test current A Line 183 ", current sensing line 1 40 and B test current line 1 834b. Ascertain whether the bypass line 1 8 3 0 works normally, and when the current transformer 1 8 3 2 is short-circuited or open-circuited, the test current 1 5 0 signal that is considered abnormal can be transmitted to the main control. 1 8 5 0 and increase the value of the detection and destruction register 16 6; and the test current 1 5 2 can be induced by the current transformer 1 8 3 3 and passed through the test current differential amplifier circuit (2) 1 8 3 7 and the test current adjustment circuit (2) 1 8 3 8 to test whether there is any variation. In addition, if there is any variation in the test currents 1 50 and 15 2, it will trigger a message to the main controller 1 8 5 0 In order to inform that a bypass line 3 is added; when there is no bypass line 30, the test current 150 will flow through the current sensing line 1 4 0, that is, the test current 1 50 is equal to the current sensing line 1 The test current on 4 〇 1 5 2 and the two test currents have opposite directions, so they can cancel each other ’s influence on the magnetic field.

503318 V. Description of the invention (6) Field; however, when a bypass line 30 is added, 'the current is shunted according to the principle of current shunting'. The test current 1 50 partially flows to the bypass line 3 0 ', so the test current 15 2 is less than the test current. 1 5 0, thus causing a variation of the test current of 1 $ 2 'and indirectly affecting the magnetic field where the two test currents could have been canceled by each other' and the current differential amplifier circuit (2) 1 8 3 7 will produce a non-zero amplitude The signal triggers the current regulating circuit (2) 1 8 3 8 so that it informs the main controller 18 5 0 that a bypass line is added. Please refer to FIG. 6, which is a schematic diagram of test current generation according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it is a test current circuit with a fixed amplitude. First, a Schmitt Triggered Inverter ) IC7E cooperates with resistor R4 and capacitor C4 to generate an oscillating circuit 'using a Schmitt-triggered inverter IC 7 F as a current buffer' to make this small test current flow through capacitor C3 and resistor R5 to A test current line 1 834a, The current sensing line 140 and the B test current line 1 834b are then grounded; the capacitor C3 is used to isolate the DC component, and the resistor R5 is used to set the amplitude of the test current. Please refer to FIG. 7, which is a schematic diagram of the operation of an amplifier circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it is a test current amplifier circuit (1) 1 8 3 5. Line 1 8 3 4 b to current transformer 183 2 will induce an electromagnetic field and a potential, and the resistance R6 will be its load impedance; the resistance {^ 7 and R8, the capacitance (^ and the operational amplifier Ϊ C 8 B Form a first-order band-pass filter, that is, when the test current amplitude is very small, 'this circuit can allow its high gain gain, and resistance' and ^ 丨, capacitors C8 and C9 and the operational amplifier IC8A are second-order band-pass filters , And the output signal 1 835a of pin 1 of the operational amplifier IC8A is used to test the amplified signal.

Page 12 503318 V. Description of the invention (7) Road (2) Node 1 83 7a is used to detect the bypass line (see Figure 9), and the resistor RIR capacitor C1 & C1 and the operational amplifier The IC8D is composed of a third-order band-pass filter 'connection node 1 836a (as shown in Fig. 8). Also, in this circuit, the resistors R1 and R1 and the capacitor C5 are used to provide the operational amplifiers IC8A, IC8B, and IC8D. Voltage supply, and the resistors R1 and R1 can be used to set the reference voltage level Vrefl835c, in order to generate the test current with the smallest amplitude. Please refer to FIG. 8 for the adjustment message diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown, it is a test current message adjustment circuit (1) 1 83 6, diode D2, resistors R1 and R1 and capacitor C1 is used to rectify the AC data information of the node connected to pin 14 of IC8D into DC information, and compare it with the reference voltage level Vrefl836 c using the operational amplifier IC 8 C, but in general, the pin of the operational amplifier IC8C The voltage of 10 is higher than its pin 9. Therefore, its pin 8 of IC8C is a high-potential output terminal, while diode D3, resistors R1 and R2, and capacitor C1 are used to filter noise or output from IC8CI pin 8. False signal. In addition, its Mitte trigger inverter IC7 ^ IC7D is used to readjust the voltage to make it a complete logic high potential, which is output by pin 8 of IC7D; however, when a main power distribution grid is provided, an AC voltage will It will be input from node 1 836b 'At this time, the diode μ and the capacitor C1 will rectify the AC voltage into a DC voltage' and then pass through the resistor 'and R2 to divide the voltage and conduct the crystal; once the transistor Q1 is turned on, it will Enable the opto-isolator IC9 to operate, and if the IC7D output terminal pin 8 is at a logic high potential, it will cause the light-emitting diode in iC9 to be turned on, and then send a low potential to the main controller 185.

503318 V. Description of the invention (8) It is informed that there is a bypass line added; on the contrary, if there is no main distribution grid, the AC voltage of the node 1 8 3 6 b will also disappear, and then the transistor q will be less Operation, but at this time transistor Q 2 will trigger conduction and discharge pin 3 of pin 7 of the operational amplifier IC 7 B. Therefore, this circuit is used to prevent the operation of the circuit that may occur when the main power distribution grid is wrong. Abnormal. However, if there is an abnormal change in the test current 150, there will be no AC message on its node 1 8 3 6 a regardless of short circuit or open circuit, and at this time, [c 8 c pin 10 voltage will It will be lower than its pin 9. Therefore, the output pin 8 of IC8C is a low-potential output, and under normal conditions, the light-emitting diode in the optical isolator 9 will not work, which will generate a logic high potential to The main controller 1850 is to detect the malfunction of the bypass line circuit 1830. Please refer to FIG. 9 for another operation diagram of the amplifier circuit according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it is a test current amplifier circuit (2) 1 8 3 7 'When the test current 1 5 2 passes When the current sensing line 1 40 to the current transformer 1833, an electromagnetic field and a potential are induced, and the resistance R2 is its load impedance; the resistances R 2 and R 2, the capacitors C1 and C1, and the operational amplifier I C1: B Form an initial-stage band-pass filter whose values and functions are the same as those of resistors R7 and R8, capacitors C6 and C7, and operational amplifier IC8B in Figure 7, while resistors R2 and R3, capacitors C1 and C1, and operational amplifier ici : A is the second-order band-pass filter, and its value and function are the same as the resistors R9 and 1Π, the capacitors C8 and C9 in Figure 7 and the operational amplifier IC8A. In addition, in this circuit, the resistors R3 and R 3 and the capacitor C1 are used to provide the voltage supply of the operational amplifiers IC1: A, IC1: B and IC1: D, and the resistors R3 and R3 can be used to set the reference voltage level Vref2 1 837c, in order to produce the largest

Page 14 503318 V. Description of the invention (9) The potential level is between the test current 150 amplitude and the test current 15 2 amplitude. In addition, node 1 8 3 7 C is connected to node 1 8 3 8 C (see Figure 10); and resistors R3, R3, R3, and R3 and the operational amplifier ici: D form a voltage subtraction circuit, The resistance value of the resistor R 3 is the same as the resistance value of r 3 ′ and the resistance value of the resistance R 3 is also equal to the resistance value of the resistance R 3; when there is no bypass line, the pin 1 of the operational amplifier I C1: A is connected to the node The voltage values of 1 8 3 7 a are the same, so the output terminal pin 1 4 (1 837b) of the operational amplifier IC1: D is almost a direct current signal, and when a bypass line is added, the operational amplifier I C1: A The voltage at pin 1 is different from the voltage at node 丨 8 3 7a, so the output terminal of operational amplifier IC1: D is an AC signal at pin 1 4 (1 837b). Finally, the node 1 8 3 7 b is connected to node 1 838a of the message conditioning circuit (see Figure 10). Please refer to FIG. 10, which is a schematic diagram of another adjustment message according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it is a test current message adjustment circuit (2) 1 8 3 8, basically, the adjustment circuit ( 2) It is the same as the regulating circuit (1) shown in Figure 8, except that when there is no bypass line, the DC voltage of node 1 838a on pin 10 of operational amplifier IC1: C is lower than the reference on node 1 838c Voltage level, so pin 8 of its operational amplifier IC1: D will output a logic low potential, and the operational amplifier I C1 will send a logic high potential to the main controller 1 8 5 0 'means there is no bypass line However, if there is a bypass line, there will be a larger amplitude AC message on node 1 8 3 8 a, so the voltage value of pin 10 of op amp IC1: C will be higher than the reference voltage on node 1838 c Level, and a logic high potential is generated at the output pin 8 of the operational amplifier IC1: D

Page 15 503318 5. Invention description (ίο), and the operational amplifier IC 1 will send a logic low potential to the main controller 1850 to indicate that there is a bypass line. Please refer to FIG. 11, which is a schematic block diagram of another bypass line detector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it is a bypass line detection circuit with a dual-line structure 1 8 3 0 That is, it includes a current sensing line 140 and a neutral line passing through the current transformer 1833, and except for the ground line, it is the same as the bypass detection circuit of the single wire structure; and in the single wire type In the bypass line detection circuit 1 830, the test current 1 5 2 also includes a load current 1 5 4. This current easily changes the sensitivity of the circuit, so the single-line bypass line detection circuit is prone to Load current noise; however, in a two-wire bypass line detection circuit, the load current 1 5 4 flowing to the current sense line 1 4 0 is opposite to the load current flowing to the ground line, so they can cancel each other out, that is, The two-wire structure bypass line detector can avoid the presence of load current noise. Please refer to FIG. 12, which is a schematic block diagram of another bypass line detector according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, it is a bypass line detection circuit with a three-wire structure 1 8 3 0, That is, it includes a current sensing line 140, a ground line and a test current line 1 834b passing through the current transformer 1 833. The three-wire bypass line detection circuit is also the same as the two-wire bypass line detection circuit. It is also possible to avoid load current noise, and when there is no bypass line, no test current 1 5 2 is generated, that is, the test current 1 8 3 4b and the flow direction current sense line are caused by the flow direction test current line 1 8 3 4b. The test current of 1 4 0 cancels each other; however, when there is a bypass line 30, the test current flowing to the current sensing line 1 40 is smaller than the test current of the flowing line test current line 1 8 3 4b, so the current The transformer 1 8 3 3 will generate a non-zero test current.

Page 16 503318 V. Description of the invention (π) In this circuit, it is used to detect a non-zero test current circuit 1 839 = test current ^ large device power slightly, and the message conditioning circuit (1) _ ^ Dedicated = the heart adjustment circuit (1) 1 836, but the difference lies only in its reference voltage? Level, when there is no bypass line, the circuit will roll out a logic low level and inform the master control ‘then output-logic ^ A 彳 work system does not have a bypass line. Please refer to Fig. 1 for the block diagram of the detection sensor for the 菰 blu 从 luo: :: the external electromagnetic field of the plate is a good example when no load current occurs :: ;; table current transformer ㈱ 1812 Penglin Road π A virtual w ρ is provided on the outer surface of the power meter 10 device with a plurality of f magnetic induction sensors 1 842 to sense whether it has a magnetically controlled magnet on the transformer 1 824. % Of dry tricks "Cannot tamper with the external magnetic field phase = ❹ 感 心 18 仏, green to ensure its detection; $ read ΐ 3 'is a block diagram of the external electromagnetic field of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure' all External magnetic field sensor (1842 is connected to the electromagnetic amplifier circuit 1844 'The electromagnetic amplifier circuit 184 is provided two times: and if ϋ = set, all the sensed electromagnetic fields are changed in the window shape. Γ Its electrical measurement circuit 184◦ has been tampered with, otherwise, if the magnetic field is induced too much, the electromagnetic field will interfere; In addition, the electromagnetic heart tone 2 knows that the main controller 1 850 and its electromagnetic detection circuit 184〇 is legitimate ( 1) 1 846 is. The section circuit (2) 1 847 is to inform the main controller 185 0 that the electromagnetic message field interference.

V. Description of the invention (12) Please refer to FIG. 15 for the operation diagram of the electromagnetic field amplifier circuit of the preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, it is an electromagnetic field amplifier circuit 1844. The operation of this circuit is related to The bypass line detection amplifier circuit 1 835 is similar, but the main difference is that the central band-pass filter is set to the frequency of the main distribution grid, that is, the large number of electronic frequency components will be the same as the main distribution base. The reason is that the resistors R4 and R4, the capacitors C2 and C2, and the operational amplifier IC1 in the circuit are primary bandpass filters at the center frequency of the main distribution grid, and the resistor and R4, capacitor C2 and C2 and operational amplifier IC1: A is the second-order band-pass filter at the center frequency of the main power distribution grid, and resistor R3 is its load impedance, resistors R4 and R4 and capacitor C2 are used to set and provide the operational amplifier IC 1: B And IC 1: A power supply, and resistors R 4, R 4 and R 4 are used to set two window-shaped limit reference voltage levels, namely EMFVref 1 (1 844b) and EMFVref2 (1 844c). Furthermore, the electromagnetic quantities detected by all the electromagnetic sensors are output by the response of pin 1 of the operational amplifier I C1: A; under normal conditions, the signal voltage on this node 1 844a is limited to a window shape Restricted, and the node is connected to node 1 8 4 6 a and node 1 8 4 6 d (see the key diagram in Figure 1 β). Jiu Di 17 Please refer to FIG. 16 for a schematic diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it is a message adjustment circuit for displaying normal electromagnetic detection. The operation is directly related to the operation of the tower. The operation of the tower 丨 ρ ... w is similar to the regulation of electricity; when no external electromagnetic interference is detected, the basin is shipped *, w ^ 1836 τ inverse amplifier ICl pin 1 2 voltage is higher than its The voltage value of pin 1 3, and therefore recognizes that the person of i ί · D outputs a logic bit to the main controller for a long time, to show that the electromagnetic detection circuit is obedient, and low power is normal; and if the

Page 18 503318 V. Description of the invention (13) I electromagnetic sensor and detection electromagnetic amplification 'The circuit node 1 846a will store the W circuit Λ short circuit or open circuit | amplifier IC1D pin 8 output-logic 22: No. : No. 2 will make the operation I 1 8 50. The electromagnetic detection circuit 1840 has been tampered with. Please refer to FIG. 17 for the working status, which is a schematic diagram of the present invention; as shown in the figure, the operation system of the douqi A j and another adjustment signal 11 2 ′? 4 two head Λ and the magnetic signal adjustment circuit ” π = :: 时 When electromagnetic interference is present, its operational amplification I makes the signal potential level on the signal lower than the node 'point 1 846e, so IC1: C outputs a logic high potential to the main controller 185. External electromagnetic interference; conversely, if external Qiu Lei magnetic, right external # electromagnetic interference exists, then I c 1: C pin 10 will output a logic low potential to inform the main | controller 1 850 to show its existence There is external electromagnetic interference. Please refer to FIG. 18, which is a block diagram of a non-volatile memory according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. As shown in the figure, it is a display showing the number of non-volatile memory workers and their detection and destruction records. 1 6 1 record, detection bypass line register j 6 2 record: detection electromagnetic field register 1 6 4 record, power meter serial number i 6 6 and power meter test record 1 6 8 and each record The value is controlled and controlled by the main controller 丨 8 5 ′ and once the records are registered, they cannot be changed or reset. When the circuits malfunction, the data can be protected from being affected. Please refer to FIG. 19 for the detection of the bypass line according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention. The operation of the delta-sigma counter; as shown in the figure, it is the cumulative bypass detection in the non-volatile memory. Counting register 1 62, the register includes two parts (^ 01 (1623) and bound (^ 02 (1621)), each of which is 16 bits; when the detection is complete

Page 19 503318 V. Description of the invention (14) When the line is 30, the f0RDl (162a) and WORD2 (162b) are equal, and when a bypass line 30 is detected, the main controller will check Is the word 1 (1 6 2a) the same as the value of WORD2 (1 62b)? If the two values are equal, the value of ffORDl (162a) will be increased & owed, which is used to prevent repeated sampling and bypassing Connect the wires and repeatedly increase the register value. Also, when the user inserts the IC record card to update the current electricity consumption data, the value of 101 ^ 2 (1621)) will be set equal to the value of 1001 (1623), and the next bypass will begin. Line detection; but if the value of w〇RD1 (162aM W0RD2 (1 6 2b) should be equal, since each character is 6 bits (can be determined according to

f condition increase) 'Therefore, the detection bypass line circuit can have 6 5, 5, 3, 6 detections. The thinking is that if the user steals electricity, the card needs to be swiped 6 5, 5 3 6 times a month, and each time It must be exactly the detection cycle, otherwise the detection circuit will be touched. In addition, the detection and destruction of the counter 1 6 1 and the detection of the electromagnetic field counter J 6 4 are the same. Figure 20 is a diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, it is the third method of preventing bypass wire theft, that is, before the connection line of the main fuse 44 of the conventional power meter ^ 〇b Detect the load current 154 instead of the conventional power meter 1 Ob main fuse 44 after connecting the line to detect the load current 54; electricity 2 wire 42 from the main distribution grid through the current transformer 1812, the main fuse 44 to the electricity

Table 1 〇b, and it has only one detachable point, located in the main fuse 4 It is not possible to parallel the f line to steal electricity between the ground line of the power meter 4 7 and the live line i 4 5, and the current The diameter of the inner hole of the coil of the transformer 1812 needs to be designed to allow a power line 4 2 to pass through. Please refer to FIG. 21, which shows the application of a preferred embodiment of the present invention to pay 503318. V. Description of the Invention (15) I ~ Flowchart of electricity fee; as shown in the figure, users (customers) are going to the power supply company every month. Before authorizing the cashier to pay the electricity bill, you must first read the position on the 1C card of the electricity meter; Slot ί 20, swipe the card, and because it has information about whether the electricity is stolen, it will be registered in the IC record card 20, so it is not necessary Ask the user, and the current month ’s electricity consumption and power meter serial number are also registered in the IC record card 20; after swiping the card, all its information is registered in the IC record card 20, and the user goes to the power supply company. Authorized cashiers pay electricity bills for the month. And when the user pays the monthly electricity bill to the cashier authorized by the power supply company, the information in the user's IC record card 20 will be displayed on the computer terminal of the power register 50 through his card reader 5 1 2 5 1 〇, and the computer will first check whether the IC record card 20 has logged its power stealing record; if so, ^ the power supply company can further perform its due diligence, otherwise, if there is no power stealing record 'On the basis of calculating the electricity bill for that month, in addition to that, all the data registered for the month on the IC record card 20 will be transcribed in the central computer 5 2 of the power supply company as the next month Electricity charge calculation reference; Finally, if the electricity fee has been paid normally, the IC record card 20 will be registered with the normal payment instruction 'Then bring the record card back into the electricity meter reading card ^ slot 1 2 0, so that The electricity meter starts the calculation of electricity charges for the next month. Please refer to FIG. 2 2 for an example of the I c card reading card of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; as shown in the figure, it is the use of the power meter 100 in the device! ^ Shout the machine to register the data from the power meter 10 device to the IC record card, and then fire the & item on the card, that is, when detected 丨 | There is an IC record card inserted into the power meter 1 〇 card reader Slot sc 丨 （丨 4 4 The main controller 1 850 transcribes all the recorded data into ^ 'its 7. Hot recorded card 2 〇

503318 V. Description of the invention (16) In summary, the meter-reading power meter will detect the power to detect the use of Pond Ming as a rich one. It should comply with the patent application issued by the Bureau of Junjun as soon as possible. The shapes described above should be included in the drawing's simple description 10 10b. 120 140 141 142 143 144 145 147 150 152. The method of theft and novelty of this method should be patented. The invention is related to the strong power and progress of the device data, and the application is undoubtedly about the scope and characteristics of the application. One can be sent to the electromagnetic field inductive, and pray according to law. Invented. Therefore, the type of mental patent can scarcely detect the supply of power. It should be available for production. Stop theft and avoid theft of power, companies, especially power methods. For this purpose, the patent application example is only used for the invention. The invention application is exclusively for equal changes and manual labor. However, it is the author of this application. It is not a good idea to modify the current meter on the live line input terminal of the IC card reader slot on the power meter. Live wire output end Ground wire input end Ground wire output end Live wire input end Locked ground wire input end locked Test current line 1 8 3 4 Test current on current sensing line 1 4 0

Page 22 503318 V. Description of the invention (17) 154 160 161 162 162a 162b 164 166 168 1810 1811 1813 1814 1815 1816 1820 1822 1824 1830 1831 1832 1833 1834 1835 Reload current non-volatile memory power meter tamper detection record Counter cumulative bypass line detection register cumulative bypass line detection register WORD 1 cumulative bypass line detection counter WORD2 cumulative external electromagnetic field detection register power meter serial number cumulative power consumption power measurement circuit Current measurement element Current measurement element Buffer voltage measurement element Voltage measurement element buffer Power calculation circuit Liquid crystal display panel power supply circuit Transformer bypass line detection circuit Test current generation circuit Test current 1 5 0 Current transformer test current 1 5 2 Current transformer test current line test current amplifier circuit

Page 23 503318 V. Description of the invention (18) 1836 1837 1838 1840 1842 1844 1846 1847 1850 20 30 32 42 44 50 510 512 520 522 Test current works normally Display circuit Test current amplifier circuit Bypass line detection Display circuit External electromagnetic field detection Test circuit electromagnetic field sensing electromagnetic field amplification circuit electromagnetic field signal detection works normally display circuit electromagnetic field signal detection display circuit main controller IC record card bypass line external electromagnetic field power line (live line) main fuse power counter computer terminal power counter IC card reader on the central computer power supply company's central data repository

Brief description of the drawings on page 24 = diagram 1: block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; 2 diagram · schematic diagram of the operation of a power supply circuit of a preferred embodiment of the present invention f Fig. 3 of the present invention-the preferred embodiment Schematic block diagram of power calculation circuit Figure 4: Too much Figure 5: Schematic diagram of the buffer circuit of a preferred embodiment; ° • Schematic block diagram of the bypass line detector of the preferred embodiment of the month Figure 8

= Schematic diagram of test current generation of the preferred embodiment; this ^ 示意图 schematic diagram of the amplifier circuit operation of a preferred embodiment; = month—schematic message diagram of the preferred embodiment; Schematic diagram 10: diagram 11: diagram 12: diagram 13: diagram 14: diagram 15: diagram of a bypass line detector according to another preferred embodiment of the invention Another block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Block diagram of the present invention; ^ Block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Block diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; f Of a preferred embodiment of the invention Electrical adjustment information · Schematic diagram · A bypass line detector indicates the square part of the electromagnetic field detection sensor and the electromagnetic field detection circuit of the sound field interference amplifier circuit is shown in 503318. Schematic diagram of another adjustment message of the preferred embodiment; Fig. 17 ·· Schematic diagram of another adjustment message of a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Fig. 18: Schematic block diagram of the non-volatile memory of a preferred embodiment of the present invention Fig. 9 Fig. 19 Fig. · Ben A schematic diagram of the operation of a bypass bypass register in a preferred embodiment is shown in FIG. 20; FIG. 20 is a diagram of another preferred embodiment of the present invention; FIG. 21 is an application of a preferred embodiment of the present invention. Flowchart for electricity payment; and Figure 22: A schematic diagram of an IC card reading card according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Claims (1)

503318 Case No. 88120419 91 April · 16 Amendment VI. Patent application scope 1 · A power meter device that can deter electricity theft and avoid manual meter reading, its main structure includes: a power supply unit, connected with AC power rectification to Straighten each part of the circuit to a power measurement device. The line input terminal is the ground control side and the main control unit 2 is installed. The terminal and the line detection input, the live line transmission controller system coordinates the patented quantity device to calculate the electric controller, the patented quantity device output, and the force calculation to the patented ground device. The ground wire input testing device is the detection end; Include the road, and the complex number in the 0 range, and measure the circuit. The plurality of input terminals in the range are connected to live lines and galvanic electricity for electrical energy; connected to the electricity calculation via, connected to whether there is electricity and the electricity meter circuit, there are a plurality of electric power circuits described in one of the two The current quantity is the load, the voltage mentioned in item 2 is measured, and the ground wire input is provided as an extractable source. The live wire power supply is used as a bypass input terminal for inputting the power meter and the ground wire. And the power line to steal electricity, the live line in the input device and the electrical energy measurement installed and connected to each part of the circuit in the device. The electric current 70 force calculation meter device, wherein the electric component, voltage element and a circuit have an electric component connected to the output, the electric component of the current, a power supply device, which is connected to the live line and the measured value meter device, which It is connected to the live line voltage value, and the input and output of Zhongdian Electric to the input measurement of Zhongdian Electric Page 27 503318 Huan I ίβ _ Case No. 88120419 _ year and month amendment _ 6, the scope of patent application output to the power calculation circuit. 5. The power meter device according to item 1 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the bypass line detection device includes a test current device, which is connected to the input end of the live line and its output end, and at the input end of the live line. A test current line is connected to the output terminal, and the connection line between the test current device and the live line output terminal circuit and the test current line each pass through a current transformer, and the two current transformers are connected to the main control respectively. Device Test the setting table. The change of the voltage of the power device is described by the electric power item 5 and the second one is the fan Guan Lishang special line. Please flow the test and change the package and the electric power. The number of items in the test is 5 and the number of electric power is limited. If there is a voltage of 7 volts, the tester measures the number of controls. The main value should be connected to 4 & UJ 4gc. And show that the obvious one is often in the work of Zheng Yizheng, 4-" JN Streamer TV University's test current measurement and the number of test currents should be reconnected. The line is alive. The device is connected with the control device. The main meter is installed with the electric device connected to the current connector. The measured input items are included in the test. Please detect the application of the line, such as the test of the 8-terminal electrical output test and the other end of the line with the input and output of other lines, and the end of the terminal is in and out, and the input and output of the terminal _Έ- " Iml- · When it is connected to the line and the ground, the input and the pass are passed, and the wearer also presses the wire to change the connection circuit. When the circuit is passed through once, the end is the same as the output line. ， Test line test page 28 503318 _ Case No. 88120419 6. Scope of patent application M I :: 乂: year, month, and month revised current transformers, the two current transformers are respectively connected to the main controller 9 · If the scope of patent application is the 8th item In the power meter device, one of the test current lines passes through another current transformer. 10. The power meter device according to item 8 of the scope of patent application, further comprising: a plurality of test current amplifiers, which are respectively connected to the current transformers 3S, A display circuit for normal operation of a test current, connected to one of the plurality of test current amplifiers, and output connected to the main controller; and a bypass line detection display circuit, connected to one of the plurality of test current amplifiers, And the output is connected to this main controller. Η The power meter device as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the bypass line test device includes a test current device 9 connected to the input end and output end of the live line, and the input of the live line A test current line is connected between the terminal and the output terminal and between the input terminal and the output terminal of the ground line, and the two test current lines and the connection line of the test current device connected to the live line output terminal pass through a current transformer at the same time. In addition, the circuit connecting line between the test current device and the live line output end is also penetrated by another current transformer, and the two current transformers are respectively connected to the main control 1 2 · The power meter described in item 11 of the scope of patent application Device, one of the test current lines still has another current transformer running through it. m Page No. 13 No. S812041Q means that the amended patent application scope is the power meter device described in item 11 of the patent application scope, which further includes: a plurality of test current amplifiers, which are respectively connected to the current transformers; test current operation Normally display one of the current amplifiers, and 14 and the same circuit as the Shentong line detection display circuit, connect one of them, and output the external electromagnetic field detection as described in item 1 of the patent scope. If you feel that you have / If you have /, connect the main device to enter the surface range of the device in the patent range and detect the surface of the device, and request it to transfer the patent range memory from the patent range LCD display device. , Even the device recorder, measuring device, is the controller, that is, the processing step. The item described in item 4 includes a plurality of electromagnetic field sensing conditions, and the board described in item 1 is connected to various information. Connect to the main control detection bypass line described in item 1, connect the output connection to the main power meter to detect the power, install the detection power meter with an electromagnetic field test controller and send the power to the main control The meter controller of the main control meter, the number of its counters to the main test electric controller; the test current amplification controller. Device, which also includes external information sending, and its sensor is connected to the controller. The device, device, and rabbit device are stored in the electromagnetic field of the Jiji, the electromagnetic control to the outside of the main control, and are set in the electromagnetic fields. 503318 Case No. 88120419 91.4.! 6 4 months month amendment 6 、 Patent application scope field register record, electricity 1 8 ・ If the patent scope application system is non-volatile memory 1 9 ・ If the patent scope application has the first IC Card readers and 20 · — a kind of deterrent to steal electricity and its structure include: the serial number of the force meter and the electric memory as described in item 17. The electric power described in item 1 has a slot connected to the force measurement record without manual meter reading. A force meter device, in which a power supply device is connected, and the live line and the ground line are connected as current, which can be used as electrical energy; the power source is connected to calculate the amount of 21 21 ground lines through the live AC power; a master control controls an external field, If the controller applies force measurement power meter to the main control, if the force measurement electric rectifier is a direct measurement circuit, the input terminal is a force meter device, to the main control power meter device input terminal to provide the power to the device. The input and line and ground lines also include a device. , Which mainly coordinate the electromagnetic connection of the live line in the input meter device with the incoming electric energy Φ controller as a patented device and calculates the patented device of the electrical control device, connects all parts of the field to detect the main control and further includes the road within the range, and The operation of the power meter device circuit in the plural of the range; the device, which is a detection device, is about to be processed. The electricity described in item 20 has a plurality of currents, among which the electricity meter described in item 20 of the electricity meter, each part of the circuit, and the electromagnetic information sent by the external detection information of the electricity meter to the main control force meter device, The component and voltage calculation circuit has a force meter device, which is connected to the electrical component and an output connected to the input of the wire. P. 31 503318 4 * | f! _ Case number 88120419_ year. Month 1st Revision_ VI. Patent application scope terminal and output terminal, and measure its load current, and output the measured value to the power calculation circuit. 23. The power meter device according to item 20 of the scope of patent application, wherein the plurality of voltage elements of the power measuring device are connected to the input end of the live line and the input end of the ground line, and measure the supply voltage value, and The measured value is output to the power calculation circuit. 24. The power meter device according to item 20 of the scope of patent application, wherein the external electromagnetic field detection device includes a plurality of electromagnetic field sensors, which are arranged on the outer surface of the power meter and an electromagnetic field sensing controller, and are connected to each electromagnetic field. Sensor and transmits its sensing status to the main controller. 25. The power meter device according to item 20 of the scope of patent application, further comprising a bypass line detection device connected to the power supply and the input of the power measurement device, in order to detect whether a bypass line has been used to steal electricity. And connect the live line output. 2 6 · The power meter device described in item 25 of the scope of patent application, wherein the bypass line detection device includes a test current device, which is connected to the input end and the output end of the live line, and is connected to the live line. A test current line is connected between the input terminal and the output terminal, and the connection line between the test current device and the live line output terminal circuit and the test current line each pass through a current transformer, and the two current transformers are respectively connected to Main controller 0 2 7 The power meter device as described in item 26 of the scope of patent application, wherein the test current line is passed through another current transformer. 2 8 · The power meter device described in item 26 of the patent application scope, which also includes Page 32 503318 Case No. 88120419 Amendment in January of January 6. The scope of patent application includes: a plurality of test current amplifiers, which are respectively connected to the current transformers 29 and a bypass device such as the Shentong line input and the line, the test current is Among them, please specifically detect the terminal and the ground and the current transformer detection display circuit, connect and output a test described in 25 items, and wire the output current transformer at the same time as the output stream line; a test current One of the normal display current amplifiers, and one of them, the Lee range device includes two test electric devices and live devices at the input end of the output terminal, and the two circuits are connected to the plurality of test electric outputs and connected to the main control. Connected to the plurality of test current amplifiers and connected to the main controller. A power meter device, in which the bypass device is connected between the input end and the output end of the live line, a test current is passed through a current transformer, and the loop connection line of the live line is also passed through a device. Connected to the main controller 30 respectively. • The power meter device described in item 29 of the patent application scope, one of the test current lines is also passed through another current transformer. 3 1 · The power meter device described in item 29 of the scope of patent application, which also includes a plurality of test current amplifiers, which are respectively connected to the respective current transformers 32. Reference device, a test current operation normally displayed A circuit connected to one of the plurality of test current amplifiers, and an output connected to the main controller; Page 33 A IF detection display circuit is connected to the plurality of test currents to amplify 32. "Please specialize to connect to the main controller. ^] The power meter device described in item 25 of the scope, where the side ^: 'The device It includes a test current device, which is connected to the two terminals of the live line and its round-out end, and a test current is connected between the input end and the output end of the live line, and between the round-in end and the output end of the ground line. Line, and the two test current lines and the connection line connecting the test current device to the live line output end pass through a current transformer at the same time, and the circuit connection line between the test current device and the live line output end also runs through another A current transformer, and the two current transformers are respectively connected to the main controller. 33. The power meter device described in item 32 of the scope of the patent application, one of the test current lines is passed through another current transformer. 3 4 · The power meter device described in item 32 of the scope of patent application, further includes a plurality of test current amplifiers, which are respectively connected to the respective current transformers 3S, and a test current works normally. Is a circuit that connects one of the plurality of test current amplifiers and outputs the connection to the main controller; and a bypass line detection display circuit that connects one of the plurality of test current amplifiers and outputs the connection To the main controller. 3 5 · The power meter device described in item 20 of the patent application scope, which also includes Mountain —_Case No. 88】 204 IQ 36 37 38 An LCD panel is connected to the main controller to send various information to the main controller. 2. The power meter device described in Item 20 of the scope of the patent application, which has a memory connected to the main controller, which is a storage device including a state record of the count, and a count of the bypass line detection. Recorder, j ^ smasher counter recorder, power meter serial number and power measurement record. The broad characteristics of the power meter device that can prevent theft of electricity are the circuit of the power line from the main distribution grid through the current transformer and the main fuse = the power meter. The power meter device according to item 37 of the scope of patent application, wherein the diameter of the inner hole of the coil of the current transformer is only allowed to pass through one power line. The 39 electric meter method of manual meter reading, its main side, the line detection device detects the use of a side that can deter theft of electricity and avoid the implementation steps are: a. The knife inside the power meter device ~ 1, Xi The power line is connected in parallel with the power meter to steal electricity; b. The bypass line detection device sends a signal to the main controller for further processing; c. The signal sent to the main controller will trigger the connection The bypass controller is detected in the memory of the main controller and the value of the register is increased; d. Before paying the electricity bill, the user first inserts the IC record card into the IC card slot of the device. There is an IC card reader; e. Current electricity usage status, including information in the memory, the power meter and the Page 35 503318 ff L f A _Case No. 88120419 _ year and month ... said amendment_ VI. The power consumption of the patent application month is registered in the IC record card through the main controller; f. Bring the The IC record card is paid to the cashier authorized by the power supply company to pay electricity bills; g. The IC record card is inserted into the cashier's card reader to read data; h. Check whether the information output by the card reader to the computer terminal is stolen Electricity information; i. The user pays the electricity fee according to the electricity consumption of the month registered by the IC record card, and the electricity consumption data of the month is also transcribed in the central computer of the electricity supply company for comparison of the electricity consumption situation in the next month; j. After paying the electricity bill normally, the IC record card will be registered with the normal payment instructions, and then bring the record card back into the slot of the electricity meter reader to enable the electricity meter to turn on the electricity bill for the next month. Calculation. 40 · As described in item 39 of the scope of the patent application, the power meter method that can deter theft of electricity and avoid manual meter reading, in this step c, once the value of the detection bypass line register starts to accumulate, You cannot reset the update or reduce its count. 4 1 · The power meter method capable of deterring theft of electricity and eliminating the need for manual meter reading as described in item 39 of the scope of the patent application, wherein step a also includes the detection of an external electromagnetic field sensing device inside the power meter device There is a strong electromagnetic field to interfere with power theft. 4 2 · The power meter method that can deter theft of electricity and avoid manual meter reading as described in item 39 of the scope of patent application, wherein step b also includes the external electromagnetic field sensing device transmitting a signal to the host Inside the controller 503318 ψ 4 m _ Case No. 88120419_year 'h " a__ VI. Scope of patent application One-step processing. 4 3 · The power meter method that can deter theft of electricity and avoid manual meter reading as described in item 39 of the scope of patent application, wherein the step c still includes, the signal sent to the main controller will trigger the connection to the main The controller detects the electromagnetic field register in the memory of the controller and increases the register value of the register. 44 · As described in item 43 of the scope of the patent application, the power meter method that can deter theft of electricity and avoid manual meter reading, wherein once the count value of the detected electromagnetic field register starts to accumulate, it cannot be reset or updated. Value. 4 5 · As described in item 39 of the scope of the patent application, the power meter method that can deter theft of electricity and avoid manual meter reading, in this step e, the electricity consumption for that month is the accumulated electricity consumption. 4 6 · The power meter method that can deter theft of electricity and avoid manual meter reading as described in item 45 of the scope of patent application, wherein once the electricity consumption value starts to accumulate, it cannot be reset to zero or reduced. Its recorded value. 4 7 · As described in item 39 of the scope of the patent application, the power meter method that can deter theft of electricity and avoid manual meter reading, in the step a, at least one of the input terminal and the output terminal of the power meter is connected in series. Line, and another current loop is set on the line, and the current flowing through it is detected at an appropriate position on the line, and the current value is judged. 48. The power meter method that can deter theft of electricity and avoid manual meter reading as described in item 47 of the scope of patent application, wherein the current value variation is a judgment for detecting theft of electricity by a bypass line. Page 37