472109 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（ί ) 〔發明的背景〕 本發明關於申請專利範圍主項的一種廢氣處理裝置。472109 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (ί) [Background of the Invention] The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device that is the main item of the scope of patent application.
這類裝置（觸媒轉化器）特別用在內燃機中。在德專利DE 39 39 068提到一種此類裝置，它具有一觸媒，且其中該觸 媒利用一個或數個突伸到該觸媒中的白熾桿炬加熱。在國 際專利WO 97/25525同樣地提到，將一個設在觸媒前方的 白熾桿炬（此「前方」係指相對於廢氣的路徑而言）將觸 媒的前空間加熱，並用於將可燃的氣體混合物在該處點燃 〇 此一原理將可燃混合物在廢氣道點燃時（混合物點燃 也稱作廢氣後燃燒）釋出的熱量利用來將廢氣處理裝置的 觸媒加熱——在DE 44 00 260中提到。由於在此釋出的熱 量，該觸媒迅速變熱到操作溫度。這種催化劑的加熱作業 特別是依一種最新型的內燃機在一段很短的時段之中實施 ，因爲隨後該觸媒太多仍不能達到最小的操作溫度。只有 在達到約300°C的最小操作溫度時，該廢氣之對空氣有污 染性的成份才能確保有效分解。 依背景技術，在廢氣處理裝置中所用之用於使廢氣後 燃燒的白熾桿炬有一加熱元件，它具有一在外部的金屬匣 ，對觸媒前空間封閉，其中該白熾桿利用一個位在內部的 加熱線圈（Heizwende)達成。此外在該金屬匣內部有一種 陶瓷粉末，它一方面負責將熱從該加熱線圈傳到該金屬匣 ，另一方面將該線圈位置固定。爲了將該金屬匣（它向遠 離觸媒空間的方向開放）密封。用一種密封件（它宜由彈 3 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） • — — III I I - --"· — 1111 訂·--------魄 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 472109 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（> ) 性體構成）’其中此密封件將陶瓷粉末及該加熱線圈密封 成密不透氣，這種背景技術的所有的密封件在約220。(3以 上的溫度就不能承受，且在此溫度範圍中其密封作用不好 ，在內燃機操作時廢氣道的裝入位置以及白熾桿在密封位 置的溫度在500°C〜600°C範圍。而於依背景技術所用之白 熾桿的密封件不適於作廢氣處理。 〔本發明的優點〕 與之相較’具有申請專利範圍主項之特徵點的本發明 的廢氣處理裝置的優點爲：不再需要將白熾桿密封。此外 還有一優點：本發明的廢氣處理裝置的高溫抵抗力較高且 對反應性氣體的抵抗力較強。 利用申請專利範圍附屬項的措施可將主題的標的作有 利的進一步發展及改良。該加熱元件宜由二個導電的陶瓷 層及一陶瓷電絕緣層構成，其中該二個導電之陶瓷層互相 連接，因爲如此爲一種簡單的結構，而有關於加熱元件的 不同構件的熱膨脹係數，由導電及電絕緣的陶瓷層構成的 設計也是很有利的，因爲藉著層的組成的變化可最適當地 配合熱膨賬係數。因此可避免在溫度冷熱選替循中加熱元 件損壞，這種構造係利用該導電陶瓷層的U形及圓筒形的 設計而實施。此外’亦宜將該加熱元件利用一位在內部的 金屬加熱線圈（Heizwendel)構成（它被一陶瓷母質包圍住 )，因爲這樣可以簡單地造成一種在加熱元件外側的陶瓷 層。 4 冢紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝 ----訂--------- 472109 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（令） 〔圖式的說明〕 本發明的實施例示於圖式中並在以下說明中詳細敘述 。圖式中： 第一圖係一本發明之內燃機廢氣處理裝置的示意圖； 第二及第三圖係一發明的廢氣處理裝置的白熾桿炬的 實施例（示意圖）； 第四及第五圖爲一本發明的廢氣處理裝置的一白熾桿 的實施例的（示意）縱剖面及橫剖面圖。 〔圖號說明〕 -t·-------訂---------轉 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) (7) 廢氣道 (10) 廢氣 (13) 觸媒室 (15) 觸媒前空間 (20) 觸媒 (30) 白熾桿炬 (35) 端子插頭 (40) 供電線路 (43) 次級空氣 (44) 白熾桿 (45) 金屬殼體 (50) 端子銷 (55) 密封元件 (60) 端子元件 5 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 472109 A7 __ B7 五、發明說明（牛） (70) 陶瓷母質 (75) 加熱線圈 (90) 第一導電層 (95) 第二導電層 (97) 絕緣層 (100) 連接區域 〔實施例的說明〕 第一圖以示意方式顯示一廢氣處理裝置的縱剖面圖’ 其中該來自一個或數個燃燒室的廢氣通入一個廢氣道 (7)中。此處廢氣的路徑利用一箭頭表示，廢氣先通過一廢 氣管路（10)，然後進入一觸媒室（13)中，觸媒室（13)的橫截 面比廢氣管路（10)大。一條廢氣道也可有數個觸媒室。觸 媒室（13)包含一個觸媒前空間（15)及一觸媒(2〇)〔催化（劑 )器〕。在觸媒前空間（15)中設有一個或數個白熾桿炬(30) 。白熾焊炬有一端子插頭(35)及一供電線路(4〇)。白熾桿炬 可以如圖所示，設在觸媒室的一部分〔在此部分中，廢氣 道橫截面從廢氣管路（10)向觸媒室（13)變寬〕或可設在觸媒 前空間（15)的一部分中〔此部分具有觸媒的橫截面〕。這 種地點用圖號(41)表示。.此外，在廢氣管路中設有另一供 應管路以供次級空氣(43)。在廢氣道⑺中’在次級空氣的 供應管路前的該廢氣管路（10)中設有一前觸媒（前催化器 )。此外，可在白熾桿炬(30)前的觸媒前空間（15)中設一氣 流整流器。此外可在廢氣道⑺中設一個或數個氧感測器’ 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公爱） · --------訂·--------吹 (請先閱讀背面之注音？事項再填寫本頁) 472109 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明說明（c) 這些氧感測器一般設計成又-探棒（Lambdasonden)形式。 廢氣沿箭頭方向從燃燒室(5)經廢道(7)流動。它先經過 廢氣管路（10)。在該處，次級空氣經由次級空氣的供應管 路送到該廢氣。然後該廢氣（它此時混有次級空氣）通過 觸媒前空間（15)〔在其中在一定的時間利用白熾桿炬(30)釋 出一熱量〕。然後廢氣透過觸媒(20)。在觸媒（催化器） (20)(它一般設計成三向通化器形式）中，廢氣的成份C0 、ΝΟχ及HC與觸媒載體的具催化作用的覆層反應。此觸媒 (20)的溫度須超過300°C ’俾能發生催化作用。此溫度稱爲 「轉化臨限値（門檻）」。當內燃機起動時，觸媒(2〇)尙 未達此轉化臨限値，因此須將觸媒加熱。利用所謂的「廢 氣後燃燒」（此作用在說明書開始處已提到）可以很簡單 地將觸媒加熱，其中可達到高度之能量釋出。如此可以很 迅速地將觸媒加熱。這種加熱作用係在內燃機重新起動後 在長不到幾分鐘的時段中，以及在內燃機操作之時侯達成 ，舉例而言，如果利用一溫度感測器檢知該觸媒溫度降到 轉化臨限値以下時即作這種加熱作用。 藉著改變該噴入之燃料的量及/或點火角度’而造成 一種含油的廢氣。此廢氣與經該次級空氣供應管路的次級 空氣混合，造成一種可燃的廢氣。廢氣在觸媒前空間（13) 中利用該白熾焊炬(30)提供的熱量確保引燃。利用廢氣燃 燒的放熱反應所產生的熱量用於加熱觸媒(2〇)。在內燃機 起動後馬上，或者在檢知低於轉化臨限値時’在幾分鐘內 就作這種後燃燒作用。 7 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝--------訂---------^ 472109 A7 B7 五、發明說明（b) 爲了確保點燃’故該白織桿炬也在此時段中操作。力口 熱所需的電能經該插頭(35)與供電線路(4〇)供到該白熾桿炬 (30)。此電能係從該內燃機的電壓源（圖未示）取出。 白熾桿炬(30)有一白熾桿(44)，它在本發明的廢氣處理 裝置中有一朝向觸媒前空間（15)的層，由陶瓷材料製成。 我們可將白熾桿炬(30)製成使該白熾桿無耐高溫的密封件 。因此本發明之廢氣處理裝置的白熾焊炬可以不需白熾桿 的一種不耐高溫的密封件。因此本發明的廢氣處理裝置可 使用來支持廢氣後燃燒，而不需其他冷却手段。此外，這 種白熾桿炬(30)對高溫及反應性氣體有高度抵抗力。 第二圖中顯示本發明廢氣處理裝置的觸媒前空間用的 白熾桿炬一實施例的示意縱剖面圖。此白熾焊炬(30)有一 金屬殼體(45)。在該殻體(45)的一個中央圓柱孔中設有一根 端子銷(50)，它利用一密封元件(55)固定。此外，該密封元 件(55)將白熾桿炬的遠離觸媒前空間的那一端密封。在一 較佳實施例中，在觸媒前空間的方向設有一端子元件(60) ，它可設計成彈簧彈性的元件（宜呈接觸彈簧形式）或粉 末包形式。同樣地，在殼體的圓柱形中央孔中’沿觸媒室 方向在端子元件後方設有白熾焊(44) °此白熾桿(44)突伸超 出殼體(45)邊緣之外’伸入觸媒前空間（15)進去。由於在白 炬桿中的電阻，使白熾桿(44)變熱，且因而點燃廢氣’將 觸媒加熱。 白熾桿(8)由一第一導電層(90)及一第二導電層(95)組成 。二導電層(90)(95)(它們由導電之陶瓷構成）係用一絕緣 8 本紙張尺度適用中國"5^標準（CNS)A4規格（21G x 297公^ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝--------訂---- 線 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 472109 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _____B7 五、發明說明（γ ) 層(97)(同樣用陶瓷材料製成）隔開。在白熾桿(44)之向觸 媒前空間的尖端上，第一導電層(90)與第二導鼙層(95)在區 域（100)互相連接。此區域（100)也由陶瓷材料構成。導電性 接觸係經由端子元件(60)及第一導電層(90)、趣接區域（1〇〇) 及第二導電層(95)到殼體(45)而達成。由於導電層(9〇)(95)及 區域（100)(它們各由陶瓷材料構成）的電阻，使白織桿 (44)變熱。白熾桿設計成使該白熾桿(44)只由陶瓷構成，換 言之，該朝向觸媒前空間的層由堅固之陶瓷材料構成。因 而在白熾桿內部沒有金屬材料存在，否則金屬材料就要作 密封以防氧氣。因此白熾桿本身不需密封且不須使彈性體 密封件將白熾桿密封。此外，白熾桿的陶瓷材料對高溫及 反應性氣體有高抵抗力。 只由陶瓷材料構成白熾桿(44)很有利，因爲它可以很 簡單地製造’且該材料的熱膨脹係數可藉不同陶瓷材料組 成的變化而互相配合。 第三圖中顯示一個設在本發明的廢氣處理裝置的一個 觸媒前空間（15)中的白熾桿炬(3〇)的示意縱剖面圖。這種構 造一直到白熾桿(44)爲止都和第二圖的白熾桿炬構造類似 ，因此這裡不再對白熾桿炬這部分作說明。同樣的圖號表 示同樣的構件。 第三圖中所示的白熾桿(44)設計成使一金屬加熱線圈 (75)埋入一陶瓷母質(70)中。白熾桿(44)係經由供電線路(40) 埋入一陶瓷母質(70)中。白熾桿(44)係經由供電線路(4〇)及 插頭(35)〔這二個部件示於第一圖中〕供電。插頭(35)與端 9 1本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規^ (210 X 297公釐） " n 1 n n n I n I— n In^DJI n n n m n II I (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 472109 A7 B7 五、發明說明（s ) 子銷(50)及端子元件(60)呈導電方式之接觸。端子元件(60) 更與白熾桿的加熱線圏(75)呈導電接觸。如第二圖所示， 加熱線圈呈U形延伸過白熾桿。它也可由數個具不同電阻 及電阻溫度關係的互相連接的加熱線圈部段構成。此外， 該加熱線圈與該接地的殼體(45)呈導電接觸。白熾桿(44)也 可將其遠離觸媒前空間的那一端的一部分設在一金屬管的 一個圓柱形中央孔中，該金屬管又設在殼體(45)的中央孔 中。此外，在另一實施例中，該加熱線圈與插頭(35)的導 電接觸並非經端子元件(60)與端子銷(50)，而係經由一條供 應線路〔它在側邊在殻體(45)的中央孔中延伸〕。 這種依本發明之廢氣處理裝置的觸媒前空間的用的白 熾桿的構造的優點的該白熾桿之朝向觸媒前空間的外層係 由陶瓷母質(44)的陶瓷材料構成。金屬的加熱線圈(75)牢牢 地固結到牢固的陶瓷母質(70)中，因此在白熾焊上不需使 用密封件。 第四圖的示意眉顯示本發明廢氣處理裝置之觸媒前空 間中第二圖之白熾炬用的白熾桿的各種不同的實施例。第 四圖a係顯示一個此類白熾桿的縱剖面圖。此白熾桿的構 造與第二圖的白熾桿類似，因此不再贅述。相同的圖號表 示相同的構件。第四圖b中顯示本發明廢氣處理裝置的觸 媒前空間用的白熾桿的白熾桿的橫剖面圖。此棋剖面係在 連接區域（100)下方沿著背離觸媒則空間的方向之視圖。圖 中可看到第一導電層(90)、第二導電層(95)及電絕緣層(97) 。橫截面設計成長方形。第四圖C中顯示一白熾桿(44)的 10 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 x 297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝--------訂---------吟 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 472109 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印制农 A7 B7 五、發明說明（1) 另一橫剖面。此橫剖面包含與第四圖b相同的構件，但其 形狀修得較圓滑。第四圖d中顯示一類似的橫剖面，其中 第四圖d的橫截面不但一如第四圖c具有修圓的角隅，而 且有一邊也完全變圓。第四圖e中顯示另一本發明的白熾 桿，它同樣地具有與第四圖b相同的構件。此處，白熾桿 整個橫截面呈橢圓形。對各圖第四圖b〜e也可將各較短 邊設計成較長或相等的長度。該第四圖e的橢圓形也可設 計成圓形。利用第四圖b〜e所示之不同橫截面，可使白 熾桿(44)的形狀最適當地配合觸媒前空間（15)的可能情形。 同樣地，也可使白熾桿(44)有其他橫截面形狀。 第五圖顯示一本發明之廢氣處理裝置的觸媒前空間用 的白熾桿的另一實施例。第五圖a爲經一此類白熾桿的示 意縱剖面圖。在此實施例中，導電與電絕緣的層設成圓柱 形。第一導電陶瓷層(90)構成一內圓筒，被一電絕緣的陶 瓷(97)(它設計成管形）包圍。該絕緣層(97)又被一導電層 (95)呈管狀包圍住。同樣由陶瓷材料構成的第一導電層或 第二導電層(95)在白熾桿（100)的向觸媒前空間那一邊的尖 端的區域中互相連接。此白熾桿炬的構造呈圓柱形。 第五圖b中顯示一個第五圖a所示的白熾桿的橫截面 。此橫截面位於此連接區域(100)下方。我們可明顯看出： 第一導電層(90)位在內部，被電絕緣層(97)圍住，電絕緣層 (27)又被導電層(95)包圍住，因此，這個實施例特點在一個 外陶瓷層，它對溫度影響及反應性氣體的影響有強抵抗力 。在此實施例中，該白熾桿也由不同之堅固陶瓷層構成， 11 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐） ------------裝--------訂---------竣 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 472109 A7 _B7 五、發明說明（V〇 ) 這些陶瓷層互相固結在一起。因此，在此實施例中不須將 白熾桿內部用密封件作密封以防止氧侵蝕。在第五圖C中 顯示與第五圖b相同之陶瓷白熾桿的相同圓柱形實施例的 橫截面。第五圖c與第五圖b不同之處在其形狀。在此處 ，這些層有長方形橫截面。但原則上，這種構造相當於第 五圖a與b所述的構造。它可配合生產條件及觸媒前空間 中的條件。 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4規格（210 X 297公釐）This type of device (catalytic converter) is particularly used in internal combustion engines. German patent DE 39 39 068 mentions a device of this type, which has a catalyst, and wherein the catalyst is heated by one or several incandescent torches protruding into the catalyst. In the international patent WO 97/25525, it is also mentioned that an incandescent torch provided in front of the catalyst (this "front" refers to the path relative to the exhaust gas) heats the front space of the catalyst and is used to burn the combustible The gas mixture is ignited there. This principle uses the heat released by the flammable mixture when the exhaust gas is ignited (mixture ignition is also known as post-exhaust combustion) to heat the catalyst of the exhaust treatment device-in DE 44 00 260 Mentioned in. Due to the heat released here, the catalyst quickly heats up to the operating temperature. The heating operation of this catalyst is carried out in a very short period of time, in particular according to the latest type of internal combustion engine, because subsequently the catalyst is too much to reach the minimum operating temperature. Only when the minimum operating temperature of approx. 300 ° C is reached can the air-polluting constituents of the exhaust gas ensure effective decomposition. According to the background art, the incandescent rod torch used in the exhaust gas treatment device for post-combustion of exhaust gas has a heating element, which has a metal box on the outside and is closed to the front space of the catalyst, wherein the incandescent rod uses an inside Reached the heating coil (Heizwende). In addition, there is a ceramic powder inside the metal box, which is responsible for transferring heat from the heating coil to the metal box on the one hand and fixing the position of the coil on the other hand. To seal the metal case, which opens away from the catalyst space. Use a kind of seal (it should be made from 3 sheets of paper, which is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm)) — — — III II — — " · — 1111 Order · ------ --Boo (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 472109 Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (>) Physical composition) where the seal is made of ceramic powder and The heating coil is hermetically sealed, all the seals of this background art are at about 220. (The temperature above 3 cannot be tolerated, and its sealing effect is not good in this temperature range. The temperature of the installation position of the exhaust duct and the incandescent rod in the sealed position during the operation of the internal combustion engine is in the range of 500 ° C ~ 600 ° C. The sealing element of the incandescent rod used according to the background art is not suitable for exhaust gas treatment. [Advantages of the invention] Compared with this, the advantages of the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention, which has the feature point of the main scope of the patent application, are: The incandescent rod needs to be sealed. In addition, there is another advantage: the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention has high resistance to high temperatures and strong resistance to reactive gases. The measures attached to the scope of patent application can make the subject matter of the subject advantageous. Further development and improvement. The heating element should be composed of two conductive ceramic layers and a ceramic electrical insulation layer, where the two conductive ceramic layers are connected to each other, because this is a simple structure, and there are differences about the heating element. The thermal expansion coefficient of the component, which is composed of a conductive and electrically insulating ceramic layer, is also very advantageous, because of the change in the composition of the layer The thermal expansion coefficient is most appropriately matched. Therefore, the heating element can be prevented from being damaged during the hot and cold selection. This structure is implemented by using the U-shaped and cylindrical design of the conductive ceramic layer. In addition, the heating should also be performed. The element is made up of a metal heating coil (Heizwendel) inside (it is surrounded by a ceramic matrix), because this can simply create a ceramic layer on the outside of the heating element. 4 The size of the mound paper is applicable to Chinese national standards (CNS ) A4 size (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -Installation ---- Order --------- 472109 Printed by the Employee Consumption Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Explanation of the Invention [Description of the Drawings] The embodiment of the present invention is shown in the drawing and described in detail in the following description. In the drawing: The first drawing is a schematic diagram of the exhaust gas treatment device of the internal combustion engine of the present invention The second and third diagrams are an embodiment (schematic diagram) of an incandescent rod torch of an inventive exhaust gas treatment device; the fourth and fifth diagrams are an embodiment of an incandescent rod of an exhaust gas treatment device of the invention (Indicative) Vertical section and cross-section view. [Illustration of drawing number] -t · ------- Order --------- Turn (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) (7 ) Exhaust duct (10) Exhaust gas (13) Catalyst chamber (15) Front catalyst space (20) Catalyst (30) Incandescent torch (35) Terminal plug (40) Power supply line (43) Secondary air (44) Incandescent rod (45) Metal housing (50) Terminal pin (55) Sealing element (60) Terminal element 5 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) Employees ’Bureau of Intellectual Property, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the cooperative 472109 A7 __ B7 V. Description of the invention (Bull) (70) Ceramic matrix (75) Heating coil (90) First conductive layer (95) Second conductive layer (97) Insulating layer (100) Connection area [ [Explanation of the embodiment] The first figure schematically shows a longitudinal sectional view of an exhaust gas treatment device ', wherein the exhaust gas from one or several combustion chambers is passed into an exhaust duct (7). Here, the path of the exhaust gas is indicated by an arrow. The exhaust gas first passes through an exhaust gas pipe (10) and then enters a catalyst chamber (13). The cross section of the catalyst chamber (13) is larger than the exhaust gas pipe (10). There can also be several catalyst chambers in one exhaust duct. The catalyst chamber (13) includes a front space (15) and a catalyst (20) [catalyst (agent)]. One or several incandescent torches (30) are arranged in the front space (15) of the catalyst. The incandescent welding torch has a terminal plug (35) and a power supply line (40). The incandescent torch can be provided in a part of the catalyst chamber as shown in the figure (in this part, the cross section of the exhaust duct widens from the exhaust pipe (10) to the catalyst chamber (13)] or it can be set in front of the catalyst A part of the space (15) [this part has a cross section of the catalyst]. This location is indicated by drawing number (41). In addition, another supply line is provided in the exhaust line for secondary air (43). In the exhaust duct ’, a front catalyst (front catalyst) is provided in the exhaust line (10) in front of the secondary air supply line. In addition, an air current rectifier may be provided in the front catalyst space (15) in front of the incandescent torch (30). In addition, one or more oxygen sensors can be set in the exhaust duct. 6 This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 public love). ------ Blow (please read the note on the back? Matters before filling out this page) 472109 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Invention Description (c) These oxygen sensors are generally designed to be -Lambdasonden form. The exhaust gas flows from the combustion chamber (5) through the waste passage (7) in the direction of the arrow. It first passes through the exhaust line (10). Here, the secondary air is sent to the exhaust gas via a secondary air supply pipe. The exhaust gas (which is now mixed with secondary air) then passes through the front catalyst space (15) [in which a certain time is used to release a heat using the incandescent torch (30)]. The exhaust gas then passes through the catalyst (20). In the catalyst (catalyst) (20) (which is generally designed in the form of a three-way aerator), the components C0, NOx, and HC of the exhaust gas react with the catalytic coating of the catalyst carrier. The temperature of this catalyst (20) must exceed 300 ° C ′ 俾 for catalytic action. This temperature is called the "transformation threshold (threshold)". When the internal combustion engine is started, the catalyst (20) 尙 does not reach this conversion threshold 値, so the catalyst must be heated. Using the so-called "post-combustion of waste gas" (this effect is mentioned at the beginning of the description), the catalyst can be easily heated, and a high degree of energy can be released. This allows the catalyst to be heated very quickly. This heating effect is achieved in a period of less than a few minutes after the internal combustion engine is restarted and when the internal combustion engine is operating. For example, if a temperature sensor is used to detect that the catalyst temperature has dropped to the conversion temperature, When the temperature is below the limit, this heating effect is performed. By changing the amount of the injected fuel and / or the ignition angle ', an oily exhaust gas is created. This exhaust gas is mixed with the secondary air passing through the secondary air supply line, resulting in a combustible exhaust gas. The exhaust gas in the front catalyst space (13) uses the heat provided by the incandescent torch (30) to ensure ignition. The heat generated by the exothermic reaction of exhaust gas combustion is used to heat the catalyst (20). This post-combustion effect occurs within a few minutes immediately after the internal combustion engine is started, or when it is detected that it is below the conversion threshold. 7 This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Loading -------- Order ------- -^ 472109 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (b) In order to ensure the ignition, the white weaving torch is also operated during this period. The electric energy required for the power heating is supplied to the incandescent torch (30) through the plug (35) and the power supply line (40). This electrical energy is taken from a voltage source (not shown) of the internal combustion engine. The incandescent torch (30) has an incandescent rod (44) which has a layer facing the front catalyst space (15) in the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention and is made of ceramic material. We can make the incandescent torch (30) into a seal that makes the incandescent rod non-high temperature resistant. Therefore, the incandescent welding torch of the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention can eliminate the need for a high temperature resistant seal of the incandescent rod. Therefore, the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention can be used to support exhaust gas post-combustion without other cooling means. In addition, this incandescent torch (30) is highly resistant to high temperatures and reactive gases. The second figure shows a schematic longitudinal sectional view of an embodiment of an incandescent torch for a catalyst front space of an exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention. The incandescent torch (30) has a metal housing (45). A terminal pin (50) is provided in a central cylindrical hole of the casing (45), and is fixed by a sealing member (55). In addition, the sealing element (55) seals the end of the incandescent torch away from the front space of the catalyst. In a preferred embodiment, a terminal element (60) is provided in the direction of the front space of the catalyst, which can be designed as a spring-elastic element (preferably in the form of a contact spring) or a powder pack. Similarly, an incandescent weld (44) is provided in the cylindrical central hole of the housing behind the terminal element in the direction of the catalyst chamber. This incandescent rod (44) protrudes beyond the edge of the housing (45) and projects into Enter the space (15) before the catalyst. Due to the resistance in the torch, the incandescent rod (44) is heated, and thus the exhaust gas is ignited to heat the catalyst. The incandescent rod (8) is composed of a first conductive layer (90) and a second conductive layer (95). The two conductive layers (90) (95) (they are made of conductive ceramics) are insulated with a paper size of 8. This paper is applicable to China " 5 ^ standard (CNS) A4 size (21G x 297cm ^ (please read the note on the back first) (Please fill in this page for matters) Packing -------- Order ---- Printed by the Consumers 'Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed 472109 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 _____B7 V. Description of Invention (γ ) Layer (97) (also made of ceramic material). At the tip of the incandescent rod (44) facing the front space of the catalyst, the first conductive layer (90) and the second conductive layer (95) are in the area (100) are connected to each other. This area (100) is also made of ceramic material. The conductive contact is through the terminal element (60) and the first conductive layer (90), the interesting area (100) and the second conductive layer ( 95) to the housing (45). The resistance of the conductive layer (90) (95) and the area (100) (each of which is made of ceramic material) makes the white braided rod (44) heat. Incandescent rod design So that the incandescent rod (44) is only composed of ceramic, in other words, the layer facing the front space of the catalyst is composed of a solid ceramic material. Therefore, there is no Metal material exists, otherwise the metal material must be sealed to prevent oxygen. Therefore, the incandescent rod itself does not need to be sealed and the elastomer seal is not required to seal the incandescent rod. In addition, the ceramic material of the incandescent rod is highly resistant to high temperatures and reactive gases. Resistance. The incandescent rod (44) made of ceramic material is advantageous because it can be easily manufactured 'and the thermal expansion coefficient of the material can be matched with each other by changes in the composition of different ceramic materials. The third figure shows a A schematic longitudinal sectional view of an incandescent torch (30) in a catalyst front space (15) of the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention. This structure is up to the incandescent rod (44) and the incandescent torch of the second figure The structure is similar, so the part of the incandescent torch is not described here. The same figure indicates the same component. The incandescent rod (44) shown in the third figure is designed to embed a metal heating coil (75) in a In the ceramic matrix (70). The incandescent rod (44) is buried in a ceramic matrix (70) via the power supply line (40). The incandescent rod (44) is via the power supply line (40) and the plug (35) [ (These two parts are shown in the first figure.) .Plug (35) and end 9 1 This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 ^ (210 X 297 mm) " n 1 nnn I n I— n In ^ DJI nnnmn II I (Please read the back first Please pay attention to this page before filling in this page) 472109 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (s) The sub-pin (50) and the terminal element (60) are in conductive contact. The terminal element (60) is more closely connected to the heating wire of the incandescent rod (75) ) Is in conductive contact. As shown in the second figure, the heating coil extends U-shaped over the incandescent rod. It can also consist of several interconnected heating coil sections with different resistances and resistance-temperature relationships. In addition, the heating coil is in conductive contact with the grounded casing (45). The incandescent rod (44) can also be provided with a part of the end away from the front space of the catalyst in a cylindrical central hole of a metal tube, which in turn is provided in the central hole of the casing (45). In addition, in another embodiment, the conductive contact between the heating coil and the plug (35) is not via the terminal element (60) and the terminal pin (50), but via a supply line (it is on the side on the housing (45) ) In the center hole]. The advantage of the structure of the incandescent rod for the front catalyst space of the exhaust gas treatment device according to the present invention is that the outer layer of the incandescent rod facing the front catalyst space is made of a ceramic material of a ceramic matrix (44). The metal heating coil (75) is firmly consolidated into a solid ceramic matrix (70), so no seal is required for incandescent welding. The schematic eyebrow of the fourth figure shows various embodiments of the incandescent rod for the incandescent torch of the second figure in the catalyst front space of the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention. Figure 4a shows a longitudinal section of one such incandescent rod. The structure of this incandescent rod is similar to that of the incandescent rod in the second figure, so it will not be described again. The same drawing numbers indicate the same components. A fourth cross-sectional view of the incandescent rod of the incandescent rod for the front space of the catalyst of the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention is shown in FIG. This chess section is a view below the connection area (100) in a direction away from the space of the catalyst. The first conductive layer (90), the second conductive layer (95), and the electrically insulating layer (97) can be seen in the figure. The cross section is designed to be rectangular. The fourth paper C shows an incandescent rod (44) of 10 paper sizes that are applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 x 297 mm) (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page). Packing --- ----- Order --------- Printed by the Consumers 'Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 472109 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (1) section. This cross section contains the same components as in the fourth figure b, but its shape is smoother. A similar cross section is shown in the fourth figure d, where the cross section of the fourth figure d has not only rounded corners as in the fourth figure c, but also one side is completely rounded. The fourth figure e shows another incandescent rod according to the invention, which likewise has the same components as the fourth figure b. Here, the entire cross-section of the incandescent rod is oval. For the fourth figures b to e of each figure, the shorter sides can also be designed to be longer or the same length. The ellipse of the fourth figure e may be designed as a circle. By using the different cross-sections shown in the fourth figure b to e, the shape of the incandescent rod (44) can best fit the possible situation of the front catalyst space (15). Similarly, other cross-sectional shapes of the incandescent rod (44) are also possible. The fifth figure shows another embodiment of the incandescent rod for the front space of the catalyst of the exhaust gas treatment device of the present invention. The fifth figure a is a schematic longitudinal sectional view through one such incandescent rod. In this embodiment, the conductive and electrically insulating layer is provided in a cylindrical shape. The first conductive ceramic layer (90) constitutes an inner cylinder and is surrounded by an electrically insulating ceramic (97), which is designed in the shape of a tube. The insulating layer (97) is surrounded by a conductive layer (95) in a tubular shape. The first conductive layer or the second conductive layer (95), which is also made of a ceramic material, is connected to each other in a region of the tip of the incandescent rod (100) toward the front space of the catalyst. The structure of this incandescent torch is cylindrical. The fifth figure b shows a cross section of an incandescent rod shown in the fifth figure a. This cross section lies below this connection area (100). We can clearly see that: the first conductive layer (90) is located inside and is surrounded by the electrically insulating layer (97), and the electrically insulating layer (27) is surrounded by the electrically conductive layer (95). An outer ceramic layer that is highly resistant to temperature and reactive gases. In this embodiment, the incandescent rod is also composed of different strong ceramic layers. 11 paper sizes are applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) ------------ Installation -------- Order --------- End (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) 472109 A7 _B7 V. Description of the invention (V〇) These ceramic layers are consolidated with each other Together. Therefore, in this embodiment, it is not necessary to seal the inside of the incandescent rod with a sealing member to prevent oxygen attack. A cross section of the same cylindrical embodiment of the same ceramic incandescent rod as the fifth figure b is shown in the fifth figure C. The fifth figure c differs from the fifth figure b in its shape. Here, these layers have a rectangular cross section. However, in principle, this configuration is equivalent to the configuration described in the fifth figure a and b. It can be adapted to production conditions and conditions in the space before the catalyst. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm)