TW460704B - Radio signal environment analyzer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is a radio signal environment analyzer including a transmitter that transmits signal through antenna. Such signal utilizes one set of pseudo noise for biphase shift keying (BPSK) modulation. A receiver includes one set of array antenna to receive the transmitted signals of the transmitter. The outputs of antenna integrating the array antenna keep being selected. Each of those output signal is multiplied by the provided signal of PN code generator. The provided signal of PN code generator is consistent with the received signal sequence of transmitter but slightly different in transmission rate, so it is taken for reverse spread spectrum. The reverse spread spectrum signal is converted as baseband signal and the orthogonal detection is performed. The signal processing element display the time delay data, which stands for the power and delay time of the received signal. Furthermore, based upon the specified time interval of the received directional analysis, the direction to be reached can be calculated by the displayed results concerning power, delay and angle (PDA).

Description

The invention relates to the arrival of a series of antenna analysis: a kind of wireless radio environment analyzer, so as to penetrate the land-shaped array. In the invention, the core antenna arranges the antenna elements into a line: a train antenna receives the wave to the wave: the analyzer has the ability to measure the relevant power. j direction, propagation delay time, and generally speaking, in the bandwidth of the action, due to the unique frequency band j5 rate 糸 / =, higher frequencies are implemented than broadband 'this band has guaranteed wide transmission; the work is to use high The power required by the system is proportional to the :: potential ', however, the power of action. With this, = bandwidth is proportional to ′ and 2.6 frequency to the frequency. According to this fact, the antenna beams of the antennas that have high power to achieve the high transmission bandwidth are narrow. It has been proposed, and it is built on the mobile communication system at the base station rate. This ^ = benefit j In other words, "I need less work to see the direction of the terminal, and I will estimate the narrow antenna system, advanced antennas and lines advanced by the base station, and use the radio beam to point to the terminal." Established transmission delay; beam; end movement. Relative increase. This makes the time error caused by the information bit error compensation method. Solution is equalized. That is to say, it has the ability of spatial chirping wave in ordinary use: line: in communication system 'line, which will be described below.天 Adaptive days to remove interfering signals Traditionally, mobile communications 糸, met discussions. That is to say, multiple and duplicated: two: all the time when the transmission of the road branch not only includes a major electric slope 460704 V. description of the invention (2) --- path input to the receiving antenna, but also includes multiple path reflection from Radio waves from obstacles. Until now, these have been discussed only in the time domain due to the low bit rate. However, the importance of the antenna's role as a spatial filter increases in parallel with the increase in transmission rate. Therefore, attention must be paid to the multipath transmission structure, not only in the time domain 'but also in the space domain. ^ A unique way to explain the multiple path structure of time domain and space domain, in the document "High Resolution Analysis of Indoor ·

Multipath Propagation Structure " IEICE Trans. Vol E 7 8 B, No. 11, 1 9 9 5 is described. This document describes the theory of estimated direction of arrival. Based on this theory, MUSIC (Multiple Signal

Classification) method and experimental results describe the propagation delay time and the relative main path and multipath radio wave power. Some unresolved problems left by the method of the aforementioned document, such as: First, because it is used for network analysis, a cable must be laid between the transmitting station and the receiving station as an input signal to the network analyzer section As a reference signal. This leads to serious problems in outdoor mobile communication environment measurement. -The first 'receiving antenna must be moved mechanically to obtain data for multiple locations.机械 The mechanical movement and position setting of the antenna increase the measurement time. In addition, this guess requires an experienced numerical control (NC, Numeral Control) mechanism, which increases costs. Third, the two-dimensional MUSIC method is used to draw a two-dimensional estimation function to increase the calculation amount and process time. Fourth, the estimated angle is limited to the elevation angle if it is not the direction. test

460704 V. Description of the invention (3) Considering the current mobile phone system, the base station controls the directivity of the antenna in the frontal plane according to the local environment. The above limitation prevents the measurement on the same day = the angle and the elevation angle. θ In addition, although individual components have the ability to measure the direction of arrival, propagation delay, or relative power of the transmitted signal ’, single-component products can be simultaneously :: The above data does not exist. Even if it would be some traditional yuan,

Si: The results obtained are still difficult to obtain -i or divide ur. Due to the differences between antennas that belong to specific components, the radio environment cannot be accurately analyzed. The above _ and Wulv Fenxuan are only discussed in the document. The simulation of the present invention is referred to in this patent publication No. " 767, two correlations = disclosed in such as and 10_232274. ， 10,6518 ， Summary of the invention: Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to provide-a radio wave environment analyzer, suitable for; no single direction of arrival, propagation delay, and entry into the assessment, and simultaneous measurement The relative power of the 15 ring. The analysis of the radio wave environment of Ben Dongming. The double false noise sequence code modulation; 'dagger. Transmitter to send two: used to receive the transmitter; packet;! = The antenna element selects the ^ w selector 'output from the parent and secondary queue antennas to select; the signal selected by the signal selector: to spread; to produce = but at the transmission rate and sent by the transmitter; the sequence code is completely related , And a quadrature valence detector to convert the inverse spread spectrum device 460.74. 5. The output signal of invention description (4) is an IF signal and used for quadrature detection, so the output is set up including: The switching signal provides a meta-selector to select the signal; a relationship between a delay curve display detected by the quadrature detector, and the relationship between the signal delay time sent by one of the antenna devices; a time basis The square of the delay curve display ; -Reading element to read 7L pieces to calculate at the selected time period to estimate the autocorrelation matrix at the place 'so as to get the [Schematic description] In order to make the above of the invention and its obvious Understand, the following specific preferred implementation is explained as follows: the baseband signal, and then the detected signal is interleaved with the detected signal; the signal processing assembly provides a switching signal to the signal memory, and responds to the switching signal. The signal is digitized and stored; the delay variation curve and the selected component representing the detected power from the given number are displayed, and the displayed delay variation curve is analyzed in the cycle between the selected values and stored in the memory Among the signals, the signals appearing in; and the directions of the signals appearing in the time period selected by an arrival party. Purposes, characteristics 'and advantages can be more clearly illustrated', and in conjunction with the drawings, detailed

Fig. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the general structure of this book; Zambia's radio wave environment analyzer. Fig. 2 shows a specific waveform.

BiPhase Shift Keying) adjusts to describe the biphasic replacement (BPSK, Figure 3 shows the specific waveform, the principle; ’describes the delay line measurement

Figure 4 shows the output of the ferrule in a synchronized state;

460704

V. Description of the invention (5) Figure 5 shows the output of the filter in an asynchronous state. Figure 6 shows the false noise (pN, Pseudo No. 1Se) generated by the transmitter and receiver. Serial code 'and its sliding-related output; Figure 7 shows the principle of measuring the angle of arrival; Figure 8 shows the PN synchronization pulse and the received data; Figure 9 shows the angular delay based on the received data and power (PDA Power De 1 ay and Ang ie) map, the relationship between the obtained delay map and the angle estimation; Figure 10 is a schematic block diagram showing the radio wave environmental points, to make the present invention concrete; Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 are flowcharts showing specific operations of individual demonstrations; Λ 'Fig. 13 is a schematic block diagram showing a modification of the illustrated embodiment; and ^., Modifying Fig. 14 is a schematic block diagram, Display another description of the illustrated embodiment. [Symbol Description] 1 transmitter, 12 to receiver, 13 to signal processor, 21 to 21U2: carrier generator, 23 to multiplier, 24 to bandpass filter: power Amplifier, 26 ~ signal; 27 ~ transmit antenna μ pieces; 32 ~ array antennas. π door closed. Ν antenna Where early and evening J antenna, 33 ~ switch, 34 ~ output signal; 35 ~ with ^; 36 ~ weak signal output; 37 ~ low noise amplifier one signal 39 ~ first amplifier; 4 PN exhaust generator; 42 ~ = code ~ reverse spread spectrum signal; 44 ~ third bandpass filter; 45 ~ band

Page 9 460704 V. Description of the invention (6) Output signal of wave generator 44; 46 ~ second multiplier; 47 ~ signal generator; 48 ~ local oscillator signal; 49 ~ intermediate frequency signal; 5th fourth bandpass filter 52 ~ restricted intermediate frequency signal; 53 ~ logarithmic amplifier; 54 ~ output signal of the fourth waveband; 5 5 ~ orthogonal detector; 6 丨 ~ central processing unit core 62 ~ data bus; 63_65 ~ FIF memory; 66 ~ main memory; input / output interface; 68 ~ switching signal; 69 ~ input / output unit; 71-72 ~ positive parent signal; 73_74 ~ analog digital converter; 75 ~ log voltage signal; 76 ~ Analog digital converter; 8 cursor lines; 82 ~ s matrix; arrival angle; 85 ~ vertical line; 10 radiation transmitting device; 102 ~ receiving antenna device, 102A ~ receiving antenna device; 102 ~ receiving antenna device ~ Receiver " 104 ~ Signal processing device; lu ~ Transmitter; 112 ~ U13 ~ 铷 oscillator at reference time; 114 ~ Transmitter lu signal; 115 ~ Transmit antenna, 12 line array antenna; 122 ~ Planar array antenna ; 121. 〖12 ~ antenna element; 122Q1-122le ~ antenna element; 123 ~ first switch device; 124 ~ second switch device; 125 ~ third switch device; 126 ~ interface; 127_129 ~ switch signal; 131 ~ receive output; 141 ~ Receiver; 142 ~ 铷 Oscillator · 15 A First A / D; 152 ~ Second A / D; 153 ~ Third A /]); 154 ~ Display °; 155 ~ List machine; 156 ~ Keyboard; 157 ~ Workstation; 158 ~ 1 / 〇 panel, 159 ~ antenna selection signal; 159A ~ antenna selection signal; 159B ~ antenna selection signal. '' [Embodiment] The first preferred embodiment: Referring to FIG. 1, a radio wave environment analyzer according to the present invention is shown

460704, invention description (7) "structure. As shown, the analyzer is generally composed of a transmitter 丨 丨 12 and a signal processor 13. The transmitter 11 is repeatedly sent out at a predetermined frequency PN code modulated by BPSK. The BpSK modulation reference system sends a carrier with a phase of (0, π) to match the data " 〇 || or " 丨 ". In particular, suppose that a) The radio frequency (RF, Radi0-μ) shown in the figure

Frequency) signal and the ρN code as shown in Fig. 2 (b), are shown by the "" " wash " 〇 " Reverse form of the number. Referring again to FIG. 1 'the receiver 12, based on the time-sharing method, the above-mentioned PN code' ga β t 丄 'is received by a plurality of antenna elements to reproduce the signal, resulting in reverse spread = == The effect of the frequency measured by the antenna element. The signal is processed;; = =: Then the orthogonal product and the relative power are generated. In addition, the signal processor 13 estimates the result. ^ Arrival angle) 'and should Output estimated

The transmitter 11 includes an M code generator 21 and a 22 ^ when the carrier generator 22 generates a carrier wave with a battle wave generator ceramic generator 21 at a predetermined period. With the output of the carrier generator 22 ^^. Multiplier 23 results of modulation. The band-pass filter 24 receives and generates BPSK and limits it to a predetermined frequency band so as to output the result. The output of the pass-filter 24 is to a predetermined work ^ "The amplifier 25 amplifies the band through the transmitting antenna 27 and transmits it into space as a signal. , = Power amplification of 1 ^ code through the receiver 12 includes:-a group of array antennas 32 arranged in an array 460704 V. Description of the invention (8) == :: 元 "牛 311, ~, ..., A. The positions of these antenna elements 311 to / @ 26 之 ^ 疋 are used to estimate the direction of the code transmitted by the transmitter. When the output signal 34 is passed to the band pass oscillator 35, two-on = :: one by one is selected continuously by the antenna element:: out. The band-pass wave filter 35 restricts the output signal 34 to a predetermined receiving frequency, and the weak signal output 36 of the amplifier / wave filter 35 is input to the low noise = Uw Noise Ampliiier) 37, and is transmitted by the minimum noise adder 35. The output signal of the LNA 38 is to the -amplifier ^ terminal. A PN code generator, the serial number 42, is given to the other input terminals of the amplifier. In particular, the pN code generator "repeats exactly the same_sequence code" but has a slightly different transmission rate from the transmitted amount of ㈣ == just the serial code. The output of the multiplication ΪΓ exhibition = the effect ㈣ and the ㈣ code The output of the generator 41 is multiplied to generate a reverse-spread signal 43 output from the multiplier 39, which is input to the first wave and is restricted to the frequency band. The bandpass wave filter is ashamed. To the second multiplier 46.-signal generation ㈣ feed the local oscillator signal 48 to the other input terminals of the multiplier 46 to convert the output signal of the band-pass filter 44 to an intermediate frequency (IF, Intermediate

Frequency). The multiplier 46 multiplies the signal chirp with "to produce a frequency conversion effect. The fourth band-pass chirper 51 limits the frequency band of the intermediate frequency signal 49 output by the multiplier 46, and passes the restricted intermediate frequency signal" To Logarithmic AmPlifier (LOG) 53. The L〇G 53 performs IF

460704 V. Description of the invention (9) Logarithmic compression of the letter mirror 52. The limiter output signal 54 is fed by the LOG 53 to the quadrature detector 55. The signal processor 13 includes a central processing unit (cpu) 61 to process various controls in the signal processor 13. The CPU 6 1 is connected to first to third first-in-first-out (FIFO, First-ln First-Out) memory (63 to 65); main memory (MEM) 66; and an input wheel through a data bus 62 Interface (I / O) 67. The CPU 61 operates according to a program stored in the mem 66. The I / O 67 is also connected to the I / O unit µ to interface with the old or new interface. The switching signal 68 indicated by the dotted line is fed by the signal processor 3 to the receiver 12 'based on the synchronous output of the PN code generator 41 to teach the effect of time-sharing reception. Note that the signal processor 13 including the CPU 61 can be implemented by a commercially available relatively low-priced desktop or laptop computer.

The quadrature signals 71 and 72 output by the quadrature detector 55 are individually input to an analog digital converter (a / j), A ^ ial〇gt〇-Digital Converter 73 and 74 in the signal processor 13. . In addition, the logarithmic compressed signal 75 outputted by the logarithmic amplifier 5 3 is input to the third analog-to-digital converter. Different digital signals output by the first to third A / Ds (73 to 76) are temporarily and individually stored. In FIFOs 63 ~ 65. The signals stored in the FIFOs 63 to 65 and the compressed signals are displayed in the input-output unit 69 and the k-delay graph. When the operator inputs the propagation delay time of the reflected wave and analyzes it in the input / output unit 69, the cplJ 61 reads the measured signal and the compressed signal of the FIF0s 63 ~ 65 input side, and then uses the characteristic value to analyze The monthly interpretation shows the direction of arrival or interference. The estimated direction of arrival is also displayed in the input wheel-out unit 69. Details displayed on the input / output unit 69

Page 13 460704 V. Description of Invention (10) will be described later. Referring to Fig. 3, the principle of delay line measurement is described. The delay line graph is determined based on the sliding association of the PN code ', which will be explained briefly below. It is assumed that the signal 26 is broadcast from the transmitter u in Fig. 1 and has a pulse waveform as shown in Fig. 3 (a). This pulse waveform represents a series of "1" and "1" data. Because the sine wave signal is modulated by BPSK, when the pulse is, Γ, the phase does not change, but when the pulse is " _ 1 ", the phase is reversed (shifted 180 degrees). The signal 26 shown in Fig. 3 (a) is a swell modulation ρN third-order, a sequence code, and is repeatedly transmitted every time τ. It should be noted that the “order” (11 is a positive value) refers to the length of the PN sequence code. It also means that the length is 2n bits, for example, the third-order PN has a length of 2.8). Similarly, the third-order ρN, M _Sequence is the longest group in a sequence. These sequences can be generated by returning to three consecutive input codes. The first register uses the output of three temporary theft as feedback. ^ Τ Take machine 12, Generates the same sequence code as the transmitter 11 to cause backward synchronization of the transmitter as described earlier. Then, as in section 3 (b) = policy, it is assumed that the receiver 12 sends the ρν code sequence and PN Code generator 41 == 'The result received from the transmitter η is obtained as shown in Figure 3 (c). The sequence code 42 corresponds to the transmitter u. The sequence code of the transmitter u is completely one' When this signal is synchronized with 11, as shown in Figure 3 ( d) As shown in the figure ;; Although the receiver 12 and the transmitter wave signal are not used as reverse spread spectrum. The result of reverse spread spectrum modulation with the garbled string shown in Figure 3, As shown in Figure 3 (e), the frequency spectrum of the signal with this reverse spread spectrum modulation will be referred to Figure 4 and ㈣

460704 V. Description of the invention (11) To explain: Figure 4 shows the output of the wavelet in the synchronous state. As shown in Fig. 4 (a), when the transmission and reception of the pN code are the same as each other: In this case, as shown in Fig. 4 (b) = Class, the frequency of the V-pass filter ^ And ^ 2 fall on two of f0. At this time, as in the c, the specific frequency is output by the filter without distortion, ensuring the two power spectrums on the carrier... The output of the filter in the asynchronous state. As shown in Figure 5 (a), the resulting spectrum expands. Therefore, the average power of the frequency is reduced. This signal passes through: the band-pass filter, whose frequencies fpl and fp2 are as Figure 2 (b) shows that the results of the wave output are very low. Therefore, when the reverse spread spectrum signal passes through the filter with the frequency bands as shown in Figure 4 (b) and Figure 5 (b), it is ^ ^ There is a frequency near the carrier that can pass through. The result of the reverse spread spectrum signal (continuous wave) 45 'is quite obvious in the case of synchronization' but it can be ignored in the case of non-synchronization. PN sequence code of receiver 1 2 Initially moved in the time domain by mistake. Therefore, there is a slight deviation from the transmission rate of the PN code assigned to the transmitter 11, as shown below. Section 6 (a ) Shows the PN code output from the transmitter, and Figure 6 (b) shows the pn code output from the receiver 12. As shown, it is assumed that the transmitter transmits a 300 1 PN code sequence within a time interval ττ. The receiver 12 transmits 3000 pn code sequences for reverse spreading in the time interval TT. In this example, the k parameter of the sliding association is 300 (V (30 (U-3000) = 3000. More specifically The PN code is a set of identical pseudo-garbled sequences, which are repeatedly transmitted in a given period.

Page 15 46〇7〇4

The transmission rate of the PN code to the spread spectrum is slightly different from the transmission rate of the ^ code assigned to the transmitter u. The two PN codes can be repeated for a predetermined number of times and can be synchronized (in the above special case) For 300 times). As a result, the RF signal < can be generated with the correlation coefficient of the two P N codes. In this case, multiple: the false noise code is repeated after two people depending on the & parameter. And, the transmission rates of — and N codes are slightly different to achieve reverse spreading and allow radio frequency signals to output related parameters like PN codes. For each k parameter, ° = 旒 金 β _ ^ ′,, β

Figure 6 (c) shows the sliding correlation output. As shown in the figure, the sliding association turns out, see the form of an angular wave. The correlated output peaks at full synchronization, and continuously decays when synchronization decreases. The filter has the same waveform from the L-out. ^ Spectrum frequency implementation In practice, the delay line graph measurement element can use the ninth-order, MM sequence, which will be described below. In such an example, it takes t / 2 time for the diagonal wave to rise to the peak value and t / 2 time for the triangular wave to return to the basic level. When the PN code is repeatedly transmitted 301 times, each time One is 1/5 11 of the period. This specific value is obtained from an established calculation. J has measured the delay line graph. Whenever a 3,000 delete sequence code is generated, the receiver 2 outputs a synchronization pulse as a synchronization signal to obtain a delay line graph. , Delay, and multiple paths of signals are received, and the electric field received by i is displayed privately: the X-axis of the wave device 'ϋ is not shown, and the received electric field vibration', = points correspond to the amount of delay. . Displayed Oscillator = Time is " times the actual propagation delay. When 100 million bits and codes are used, the period ττ in Figure 6 is 15.33 ms. So get the maximum

Page 16 460704 V. Description of the invention (13) The measurable range is 1 533 meters. 15.33 (ms) X 300,0 00 (km) / 30 0 0 = 1 533 (meters) Figure 7 shows the principle of angle of arrival measurement. It is assumed that the receiving antenna has first to third antenna elements 31 to 3 I3 'arranged in a line shape, and the same division is used as a simple description. A switch 3 3 successively selects antenna elements' '' 31! To 313 one after another, and assumes that the angle of arrival is depicted as a right angle θ2 or a left angle θι, which is perpendicular to the array antenna element 3 1 ^ 313. As shown in Fig. 8 (a), "generating ρν synchronization pulse interval TT time with a receiver 2 in a diagram" corresponds to a period in which 3000 PN code sequences are used to reverse spread spectrum. The receiver 12 successively selects antennas 3 to 3% in succession to synchronize with the above-mentioned synchronization pulse, as shown in Fig. 8 (b). Fig. 9 illustrates how the signal processor 13 in Fig. 1 generates an output. As shown in Fig. 9 (a), Fig. 9 (b-), and Fig. 9 (c), the signal processor 13 is capable of outputting three antenna elements 31 ~ 3ls with special delay line diagrams for individual outputs. . The vertical and horizontal coordinates indicate the power and time cursors (ΐ). Specifically, (a), (b), and (c) individually show special delay line diagrams obtained from the first, second, and second antenna elements 3U, 3 込, and 3 丨 3. In Figs. 9 (a) '(b) and (c), Xl, \, and 13 individually indicate that they are located at the vernier line 81, where Xl, the heart, and the A in the heart represent amplitudes. The period of delay on the soap is displayed on the display 'delay line graph is measured. During the above period, the antenna elements 3L, 31 and 31 are calculated by the S array 82. Sui Yanji 丨 Early C autocorrelation prH, and then, the one-dimensional arrival angle estimation is not shown in Fig. 9 (d), or the one-dimensional reach & & pile angle measurement is shown in Fig. 9 (e), It is generated by the eigenvalue decomposition method 渉 or 渉 扨 扨 太 斗 m ^ V principle, so the estimation of the angle of arrival is performed

Page 17 460704 V. Description of the invention (14) Degree 83. The reason why multiple antenna elements 31m, 3 ，, and 313 are used is because they are sufficient for determining the angle of arrival from the delay line diagram, and more antenna elements are needed to estimate more angles of arrival. The above-mentioned eigenvalue decomposition method 'includes the MUSIC * method stated earlier and estimation of signal parameters (E g p μ τ,

Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques). The dry radiometer refers to the method of determining the direction of arrival using a plane wave input to the array antenna time delay. For details, please refer to Mu 1 ΐ ip 1 e E mi ΐ ter L 〇cati ο nand S igna 1 Parame ΐ ers vis Rotational Estimation ", IEEE, Trans. On Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-34, No. 3, pp. 276-280, Mar., 1986, " ESPRIT-Estimation of Signal Parameters via Rotational Invariance Techniques ", IEEE, Trans. On Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, Vol. 37, No. 7, pp. 984 -995, July, 1 989, and " Development of Vehicle Position Ranging Techniques in Automatic Toll Collection Systems ", Shingakuron A, Vol J81-A, No. 4, pp. 475-182,

April, 1998. Among the above known methods, because the interferometer can only estimate the direction of arrival of one signal wave, using the eigenvalue decomposition method, there must be multiple estimated signals arriving at the same time. Interferometers can also be used in other situations. It is also possible to estimate the relative power using the eigenvalue decomposition method. In this example, the arrival of a plurality of multipath signals with the same delay time

460704 V. Description of the invention (15) The angle of arrival and relative power are estimated. As shown in Figure 9 *, the PDA diagram of the path propagation structure can be drawn using the antenna element 3 with a line diagram. This PDA chart shows the delay rate, propagation delay time, and angle of arrival to the production stations 1 3 丨 3. $ 力 In Figure 9 (f), the vertical coordinate and the trace horizontal coordinate P and the propagation delay time ί, and the oblique pair power with the vertical coordinate j ττ months point out this. The vertical line 85 represents two of each reflected wave (multipath wave value. Start guilt) ▲ "When there is no Doppler effect or when the angle of arrival of multiple multiple signals, the propagation delay is lower than the notch rate (low (One data bit) should be detected, the moving average is applied to the autocorrelation matrix, and then the eigenvalue decomposition method is implemented. The moving average refers to the procedure when the autocorrelation matrix is divided into sub-matrices of the same dimension, and then generated Sub-matrix averaging. For details of moving average, please refer to "0n Spatial Sm〇〇thing f〇r Directi⑽ of Arrival Estimation of Coherent Signals", IEEE Trans. On Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing,

Vol. 33 ’No. 4, pp. 806-811, Aug., 1 986. Because the moving average will halve the number of effective antenna elements and cannot use the M waveform, a totally correlated signal will simultaneously detect the offending direction unless an array antenna with 2M antenna elements is used. In addition, when the array antenna is used to estimate the direction of arrival ', the signals received by the array antenna are different from those received by a single antenna element located at the same location due to mutual coupling. Why moving average is applied to the eigenvalue decomposition method, the received signal is multiplied by the inverse of the phase coupling matrix to exclude the components of the phase coupling. Eigenvalue score

Page 19 d60704 V. Explanation of Invention (16). If the receiving antenna is arranged in a plane and a two-dimensional single esprit method is used, two-dimensional angle estimation can be achieved. The details of 2D single ESPRIT can be referred to " Closed Form 2D Agnle Estimation with Rectangular Arrays in Element Space or Beamspace via Unitary ESPRIT ", IEEE, Trans. On Signal Processing, Vol. 44, No. 2, pp. 316-328, Feb., 1 996. The radio wave environmental analyzer of the present invention will be described with reference to Fig. 10 '*. As shown, the analyzer is generally composed of a transmitting device 101, a receiving device; a radio device 102, a receiving device 103, and a signal processing device 104. The transmitting device 101 includes: The transmitter 1 1 1 in the delay measurement element; the surface oscillator 113 to feed the reference timing 112 to the transmitter; and the transmitting antenna 115 to output the signal 1U of the transmitter 1U to the air. This transmitted signal 114 It is a signal of the 9th order pN and M code sequence modulated by BPSK. The carrier frequency is 2.2 0112, and the data transmission rate is 15 (5), 100 (m, 50.m, and 12.54 million bits per second). Tuple. In this example of bismuth, the multiwave delay measurement element "2636C (product name) from Anritsu Sue Corporation is used. Of course, this element can be replaced by other 0.

460704 V. Description of the invention (17) One-dimensional arrival angle estimation; and a set of planar array antennas 22 as a two-dimensional arrival angle estimation. The antennas 121 and 122 each have 16 antenna elements 1 2 1Q1 to 1 2 116 and 1 2 2f11 to 1 2 216. The first switching device 1 2 3 selects one of the antenna elements 121 ^ 121 ^ at a time, and the second switching device 124 selects one of the antenna elements 1 at a time. The third switching device 125 selects the output of one of the first switching device U3 and the second switching device 124 at a time. The interface 126 feeds the switching signal 1 2 7 to 1 2 9 to the switch 1 2 3 to 1 2 5 ′. Therefore, the signal received by one of these antenna elements is output by the antenna device 102. In the one-line array antenna 121, the antenna elements 121Q1-12116 are linearly arranged at half-wavelength intervals. The planar array antenna 122, the antenna element 122qi_122i6 = four are arranged in a vertical plane and become a grid shape, and the other four are horizontally The plane becomes a grid shape. The distance between the antenna element 12 & wide 12216 and the adjacent antenna το corresponds to a half-wavelength length. The switching signal 129 is fed to the second switching device 125, and is used to select the line array antenna 121 or the planar array antenna 22 according to the purpose of use. Switch 彳 s Nos. 1 27 and 1 28 are individually fed to the first and second switching devices 1-23, 124, and are used to select the output of the antenna element i 2 ^ 4 21 "and the antenna element 122 ^ -122" Output to cause time division multiplexing (TM, Time

Division Multiplexing). The signal processing device 104 generates the switching time point of the TM reception, the assigned address to the receiving antenna element, and the estimated dimension of the arrival angle. The interface 126 converts the received parameters from the signal processing device 104 to the switching signal 丨 27 ~ 丨 29 to switch the switches 123 to 125. The receiving device 103 includes a receiver 141, which is included in the aforementioned multi-wave delay 1 ^ ·

Page 21 460704 V. Description of the invention (18) The measuring element and the chirp oscillator 1 42 are used to feed the reference time to the receiver 1 41. In the embodiment described here, 'the receiver 1 41 performs sliding association detection with & parameters " 3 00 00 ". As a result, the receiver has a pair of delay line logarithmic compression output and a logarithmic amplifier's limited output for performing logarithmic detection on logarithmic compression. The amplifier then normalizes the detection result, so it outputs orthogonal components. As shown by the triangle wave in Fig. 6 (c), 'is the result of correlation detection. During this period, the phase of the carrier is not constant. The sliding correlation of the sub-parameter " 3 00 " is measured by multiplying the actual delay by 300 times. For example, the signal gap length is 10 ns (billionths of a second), and its transmission rate is 100 million bits per second, and the output is 20 / zs (microseconds). At the same transmission rate, the distance between the two ends of the bottom of the angular wave in Figure 6 (c) is 6 0 // s. In addition, each time 3 01 PN code sequences are received, a synchronization signal is output.

The signal processing device 104 includes first to third A / Ds 151 to 153, digitizes a logarithmic compression delay line graph, and a normalized orthogonal signal output from the receiving device 103, and temporarily stores the digital Result signal. The display (DI SP) 1 5 4 displays the necessary data 'list machine (prt) 1 5 5 prints the necessary data' keyboard 156 for inputting data. The A / Ds 151 to 153, DISP 154, PRT 155, and KB 156 are connected to a workstation (ws) 157. The I / O panel 158 is connected to a workstation (WS) 157 and A / Ds 15 and 153, and outputs an antenna selection signal 159 for TDM reception. Suppose that 5 1 2 instantaneous values are taken between 6 0 // s of the triangular wave, that is, 51 2 samples ’, then the sampling frequency of person / 〇3 151 ~ 153 is 8.5 secret 112. Similarly, considering TDM reception of 16 channels, the storage capacity of temporary memory is 100.

Page 22 4 60704 Description of the invention (19) A / D converters and memories with such sampling frequencies in 10,000 bits can be obtained on the market. This angle-of-arrival estimation 'requires synchronization A'. The sample of s 1 ^ 1 153 takes a day. The 1 / 〇 panel 158 generates an address assigned to the antenna element for TDM reception based on the synchronization signal 'generated by the receiving device', and reports the receiving antenna device 102 and the workstation 157. Furthermore, the representative signal of the angle of arrival estimation selected by KB 156 is reported to the antenna device 102 via the 1 / μ panel 1 μ. Figures 11 and 12 show the special operation of the illustrated embodiment individually. First, the operator of this analyzer uses the keyboard 1 56 shown in Figure 10 and enters monomension " (-dimensional) or " bi dimension " (two turns, which is the estimated dimension of the angle of arrival. For example, the operator can press " 1 " or " 2 "on the keyboard, numeric keys, or enter" m〇n 〇dimensi〇n "or" bidime ^ 'ion ", etc. The workstation 157 analyzes the input dimensions of the keyboard 156 to determine the dimensions entered by the operator (Figure 11, step S201). Β If the operator selects a one-dimensional arrival angle estimation (Horizontal angle or elevation angle) (Υ, step S201), the antenna element selection signal 159 selects the line array antenna -121, and is fed to the receiving antenna device 102 through 1 / 〇158 (step $ 2 02). Result ' The line array antenna 121 was selected. Later, the workstation 157 caused A / Ds 1 5 1 to 1 5 3 to digitize the logarithmic compressed signal and the normalized orthogonal signal of the delay line graph output by the antenna element 2 k ~ 丨 2 li6. And store the resulting signal [continuously in time Steps S 2 0 3 and S 2 0 4). The receiving period of the antenna elements 1 21Q1 to 1 21 ie is consistent with the period of 3 consecutive pn code sequences. The antenna element 12 10 ^ 12 lls is continuously transmitted through Specified by sampling data 'and the same as the switching signal 1 2 7 fed to the switching device 1 2 3 from the interface 1 2 6

Page 23 460704

The workstation 157 causes the compressed delay line graph to be displayed on μsp (step S205). The 16 delay line graphs are individually from 16 antenna elements 121. The line graph of Canton 121 can be displayed on DISp 154 at the same time. The 16 examples of the implementation of this description take into account the limitation of the DISP 1 54 screen, and only one of them is displayed at a time. The operator looks at the delay line graph on the DISP 154 and can see the relative received power of the propagation delay time and the multipath wave. In the above case, the workstation 157 monitors the keyboard 156 for input by the operator (step S206). When the operator inputs the delay time of the arrival angle of the signal wave to be estimated, the workstation 157 sets (γ, step §206). Then when the operator enters the predetermined parameters, the workstation 157 sets them (step S207), and takes out the TDM reception data (step S207) ^ Note that the above parameters include the algorithm used by the operator, whether to consider moving average, and The number of instantaneous samples. At step S208, the workstation 157 reads the compressed signal and the normalized orthogonal signal based on the input parameters. During the indicated time period, the number of bilateral signals is the same as that of the instantaneous sampling parameters and originates from the antenna elements 12101 ~ 12116. In A / Ds 15 Bu 153. Subsequently, the workstation 1 5 7 decides whether to consider the moving average (step S20 9). If the result of step S2 0 9 is “Yes”, the workstation 157 multiplies the acquired received signal by the mutual coupling of the antenna elements. Invert the matrix to exclude components that are coupled (false signals can be attributed to mutual coupling) (step S210). If the result of step S209 is " No ", workstation 157 skips step S210. In this case, workstation 157 Collect the data extracted from the 16 antenna elements 121Q1 to 12116 (Y, step S211). Then the work station 157 uses the day

460704 V. Description of the invention (21) Instantaneous sampling value estimation moment steps S212 of 121fll ~ 12116). After that, the operation station 157 identifies the algorithm selected by the operator (the selected algorithm estimates the angle of arrival and relative: steps S214 to S216). Note that only when using eigenvalue analysis is it sufficient to estimate the relative power. The results of the estimation are shown in Disp 154 (step 12 shows, in step S201, 'when the operator estimates the two-dimensional angle of arrival at 015', the operation procedure of the workstation 157. As described in the first step, if not in step S201 The answer is |, No " The workstation 157 sends a signal to select the receiving antenna device 122 through the 1 / () | 58 (step S218), so the planar antenna 122 is selected. Then, steps S219 to S228 are performed. It is exactly the same as steps 3203 to 5212 in Fig. N. Then, the angle of arrival and relative power are estimated by the two-dimensional single ESPRIT method described previously (step S229), and displayed on DISp 154 (step S21? Figure) _ The modification of the above embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. 13. As shown in the figure, the modification and the exemplified embodiment are identical except for the receiving antenna device 〇 2A. In the FIG. 13, The reference values of the components of the structure are the same as those of the components in the figure. 'I will not repeat them here. As shown in the figure, the receiving antenna is a one-dimensional arrival angle estimation. Then 12lQ1 ~ 12116. The interface 126 passes the cut One One selects U antenna devices 1 0 2 A. Each antenna element device has only a line array antenna 1 21 as the 'antenna 1 21 has 16 antenna elements. It exchanges signals 127 to the switching device 123 with a peripheral element 121〇1 ~ 12116. Receive output by receive day 1 31. The signal is processed

Page 25 460704 V. Description of the invention (22) The device 158 feeds the required signal 159a selected by the antenna element to the interface 126 for TDM reception. As amended in FIG. 13, a simple analysis may be performed using only the line array antenna 121. Fig. 14 shows another modification of this illustrative embodiment, which shows that "this modification is identical to the working embodiment" except for the receiving antenna device. In FIG. 14, the reference values of the components of the structure are the same as those of the components of the structure in FIG. 10, and will not be repeated here. As shown in the figure, only the planar array antenna 122 of this receiving antenna is estimated at the angle of arrival of -dimensionally. Once again, the antenna 122 has 16 antenna elements: 22: ~ 1 2216. The interface 1 26 transmits a switching signal 丄 28 to the switching device worker 23 to periodically select 16 antenna elements 122Q1 to 12216 one by one. The receiving antenna device 102B outputs the reception of each antenna element 31. The I / O 158 of the smart device 104 feeds the selected antenna element 159B to the interface 126 for TDM reception. 〇 Say the correction shown in Figure 14 may be a simple analysis by a car dealer. In the above embodiment, the antenna data of the array antenna is selected on the basis of time sharing. Alternatively, the receiving circuit can be assigned to each antenna element with the information of the human_second ^ element. So successfully paid with high accuracy,: Wakada direction, propagation delay, and relative power Γ also accurately analyze the signal, although the circuit of the entire analyzer is somewhat complicated Moving time cursor 1 indicates the best

Page 26 460704 5. Propagation delay time of invention description (23), as shown in Fig. 9, the propagation delay time can be selected by any other suitable method, such as inputting a value by keyboard. The PDA diagram shown in Figure 9 (f) can be replaced by any other suitable display. Of course, if necessary, the ESPRIT method used to estimate the direction of arrival, propagation delay, and relative power of the main wave and the multipath wave in this embodiment may be replaced by the Uni ESary method. The examples of this description have been shown and described to measure the direction of arrival, propagation delay, and relative power simultaneously. Of course, it is possible to construct a communication system 'based on the PDA diagram of Fig. 9 (f), allowing the mobile station to receive

Among the radio waves of the base station, effective main avoidance and effective multipath waves are selected, thereby enhancing the reception quality. To summarize, the wave environment analysis delay graph 'and therefore based on the delay line this' analyzed to get up quickly by the relative power of 1' increases depends on the cable (2) letter enumerated by the p N external mobile communication:, shows The received signal is the factual reliability of the arrival party's propagation delay and arrival party's measurement. The delayed measurement, without the advantages of the radio of the present invention, such as the late picture display can determine the map can reach the measurement and can be measured by the measurement code of the environment. From No. 0, select the device with the following devices to allow Then specify the direction,. In addition, the combined results of the simultaneous quantity results are obtained from the time delay analysis and the signal direction, transmission, and transmission in addition to the ground quantity. In addition, the line diagram must rely on the time delay distribution of the time numbers distributed between the line elements. The delay of the transmitting station is measured. In addition, the period E, the power ΐ, and the letter Yan are measured to measure the direction of t;! Can be in / and the receiving island

Device ’continuously selects a plurality of antenna elements to

460704 V. Description of the invention (24) '---; --- This = The signal processing circuit is common with the antenna elements such as signal selection ... thus eliminating the circuit required to modify the circuit: different characteristics. 1 (3) PDA map display device, using the PDA map or the direction of arrival of the beta signal, and the propagation delay to = receive allows the operator to intuitively see the above parameters immediately = so (4) through independent antennas Compared with time-sharing, the > at the component successfully increased the amount of received information. Therefore, the relative power of the main wave and multiple light wave arrivals that can be analyzed in time can be quickly obtained. The relative powers of the same ⑥ characteristic i points _ 1 delay and signal measurement, so the special surface SIC method is excluded. / Eng's ESPRIT method estimates the spectrum search required by J. The author selects one of a plurality of algorithms in the analyzer. Although the present invention has calculated the different arrival directions in the preferred embodiment. To limit the present invention, anyone who is familiar with this technology is in the range of =, but it is not within the scope and scope. It can be modified and retouched. As it deviates from the spirit of the present invention, it shall be regarded as the standard invention as defined by the scope of the attached patent Scope of protection

Claims (1)

460704 Scope of Patent Application 1. A radio wave environmental analyzer, comprising: a transmitting device that uses a PN code sequence and a BpsK-tuned receiving device; and a 15-year-old; a signal processing device; the aforementioned receiving device includes: a plurality of antenna elements of the device , Receiving one of the aforementioned signal selection means for transmitting, in order to select the out-of-band signal of the antenna of the array each time to reverse the spectrum spreading means, so as to produce the aforementioned signal, and a transmission identical to that selected by the aforementioned transmitting device: The rate is slightly different; install: = = = the effect of the code sequence phase and inverse reverse spread spectrum; using a quadrature detection device to switch from arrow signal, c signal to an intermediate frequency signal and a fundamental frequency signal The signal transmitted by the frequency-spreading device is used for orthogonal detection, and the detected signal is output. Then, the signal processing device for the resulting signal includes: switching the signal feeding device to feed the signal, and the device to select the signal; To the aforementioned signal to select a storage device, and digitize and store the output in response to the aforementioned switching to hide; . For the above-mentioned orthogonal detection device delay line graph display device, the dry station meter detects that it originates from the aforementioned antenna element:-a delay line graph, which represents the relationship between delay time; the power between a given signal and Delay Page 29 460704 VI. Patent application time deduction device, designate a delay line graph displayed by a display device in minutes. S to load the device in the aforementioned storage according to the aforementioned delay line graph reading device. Signals appearing within the time range. Read the direction of arrival between the stored detection signals and calculate the auto-correlation matrix of Luopan ,,,,, and, from the heart to the far: j signals within a specified time range 2. If you apply for a patent The analysis component of Fan ^ 2 is arranged linearly, and the aforementioned signal 2 device estimates: ^ 3 · The analyzer described in Item 1 of the patent scope, wherein the front, " degree or elevation angle. For thousands of planes, let ’s say that the signal processing device estimates the horizontal angle. Line 4 line = The analyzer described in the second line, where the aforementioned line and the line array sky plane antenna composed of 2 pieces of sky. * The analyzer composed of a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a matrix, as described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, includes an array antenna selection device to select one of the ^^ antenna or the ten-sided array antenna.卞 ~ 6. The analyzer according to item 丨 in the scope of the patent application, wherein the arrival direction differentiating device estimates the arrival direction by a eigenvalue decomposition method. 7. The analyzer according to item 6 of the scope of patent application, the direction of arrival, propagation delay and relative power of the multipath wave are estimated by the MUSic method of the family of value decomposition methods. ;, * 460704 ------- VI. The value range of the patent application is divided into 9 solution method families. The method is added, = the power is estimated to belong to the characteristic Γ / Λ installed upright, and the principle of dry shot meter is used to describe the direction. Arrival square μ Λ range of the analyzer described in the first item, and the listener, X., direction difference device includes a plurality of performances, the signal processing device includes the algorithm described in the above-mentioned signal processing device = Yu Juyi reach Direction, select the aforementioned algorithm ..., select the device to allow the operator to choose a wireless, wave environment analysis = set the predicate code sequence, via two receiving devices; 彳 fork lean radio signal; ^ number processing device; and: : Figure 2 shows the installation of Λ, which graphically displays a number of PDA diagrams showing the arrival time, the propagation delay time and the direction of arrival. The receiving device includes: 'array antennas, including multiple antennas, and ν The signal sent out; ',, and received by the aforementioned transmission signal selection device to write music _ I ±-each time; selecting the round-out signal of the aforementioned array antenna to cover the reverse spread spectrum device to generate a signal selected by the aforementioned signal ^ 2 Salty and one The signal selected by the aforementioned transmitting device but with a slightly different transmission rate, the result of the code sequence of ^ ^ and U reaching the reverse spreading result; 460704 VI. Patent application orthogonal detection device to convert the 仏 number to -The IF signal is orthogonally detected with a fundamental frequency, and the aforementioned signal processing device for output detection includes switching a signal feeding device 'to select a signal by a device; a storage device, which is digitized in response to the aforementioned cut output and stored. The delay line graph display device is tuned to the relationship derived from the aforementioned delay time of the antenna; the time designation device is designated, and a delay line graph reading device that displays the split display is designated to store the specified time at the foregoing time. The arrival direction calculation device 'appeared in the fan garden' generates an autocorrelation moment Is car with k number, and generates 1 2. For example, the plurality of antenna elements in the patent application range are arranged as a linear angle or an elevation angle. 13. If the first or multiple days of the scope of patent application are estimated, the horizontal or elevation angles are now estimated on the competition surface. 1 4 · If the scope of the patent application is the first one of the signals output by the inverse spread spectrum device, then the resulting signal signal is fed; the switching signal is fed to the aforementioned signal and the signal is changed. The signal is displayed on the aforementioned orthogonal detection device y. Delay line graph, one of the delay line graph substitutes the power and _ period of time between a given signal to analyze the direction of arrival according to the aforementioned delay line graph; read the signal between the detection signals stored by the device; and estimate at a specified time The direction of arrival that appears within range. The analyzer according to item 1, wherein the aforementioned signal processing device estimation level 1 The analyzer according to 1 member, wherein the foregoing row is a matrix, and the analyzer according to item 1 of the foregoing signal processing device, wherein the foregoing 4 60 7 〇4. Scope of patent application The array antenna includes a line array antenna composed of a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a line and a planar antenna composed of a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a matrix on a plane. > 1 5. The analyzer according to item 4 of the patent application scope, wherein the signal processing device includes an array antenna selection device, and one of a line array antenna or a planar array antenna. Bomb & 1 6. The analyzer according to item 11 of the scope of patent application, wherein the arrival direction calculation means estimates the arrival life by a method of eigenvalue decomposition. 17. The analyzer according to item 16 of the scope of the patent application, wherein the arrival direction, propagation delay, and relative power of the main wave and the multi-path # wave are estimated using the Mus C method of the eigenvalue decomposition method family. 18. The analyzer according to item 16 of the scope of patent application, wherein the arrival direction, propagation delay, and relative power of the main wave 2 are estimated by the ESPRIT method belonging to the family of characteristic value decomposition methods. 19. The arrival direction calculation device of points as described in item n of the scope of patent application estimates the arrival based on the principle of dry shot meter: check to 2 of the households, and analyze as described in item 11 of the scope of patent application The device described therein: an algorithm to calculate the arrival party's choice of the above.] The device includes an algorithm selection device to allow operation. 21. A radio wave environment analyzer, including: a code sequence, which is transmitted by BpSK modulation Xia, and signal processing device; 6. The scope of the patent application The aforementioned receiving device includes: an array clamp line including a plurality of antenna elements to receive signals sent by the aforementioned transmitting device; a reverse spreading device to generate each of the aforementioned plural antennas Component = Do not receive the signal 'and a signal with the same code sequence but slightly different transmission rate as the ^ = sent by the aforementioned transmitting device, so as to achieve the effect of neck-spreading; and taken from the testing device: The signals output to the spread-spectrum device and taken from the individual antenna elements are taken to an IF signal and one, and then the resulting signal is detected orthogonally, and _ ψ #. T The beetle sends to Han the signal corresponding to the detection of the antenna element of the antenna; the signal processing device includes: 3 storage devices; the wheels of the orthogonal detection device are stored and retrieved from the And other individual antenna elements; a digital Yajia delay line graph display device to display the delay line graph, and the relationship between the delayed line graph and the delayed time derived from one of the aforementioned antenna elements is detected; 5 < between the power and delay specifying device, specify a period of time, and analyze the direction of arrival by using the delay line graph displayed on the root display device! Signals that appear within the time frame of; and, 彳. The reading means for the arrival direction calculates the arrival direction by estimating the autocorrelation matrix which is known at the specified time. &2; Appears in the park 2 2 · As described in the scope of the patent application No. 2] Jg ° ° The analyzer described in the above item, the above-mentioned 460704 6. Multiple antenna elements in the scope of the patent application are arranged linear, the signal processing device is estimated Measure the horizontal or elevation angle. 2 3. The analyzer according to item 2 丨 in the scope of patent application, wherein the plurality of days are arranged as short arrays on a plane, and the signal processing device estimates a horizontal angle or an elevation angle. 2 4. The analyzer according to item 21 of the scope of patent application, wherein the aforementioned array antenna includes a line array antenna composed of a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a line, and a plurality of antenna elements arranged in a matrix on a plane. Composed of planar antennas. 25. The analyzer according to item 24 of the scope of patent application, wherein the signal processing device includes an array antenna selection device 'to select one of the aforementioned linear array antenna or planar array antenna. 2 6. The analyzer according to item 21 of the scope of patent application, wherein the arrival direction calculation is to estimate the arrival direction by a eigenvalue decomposition method. 27. The analyzer according to item 26 of the scope of patent application, wherein the direction of arrival, propagation delay and relative power of the main wave and the multipath wave are estimated by the MUSIC method belonging to the family of characteristic value decomposition methods. 2 8. According to the analyzer described in item 26 of the scope of patent application, the arrival direction, propagation delay, and relative power eigenvalue decomposition method family of i and multipath waves are estimated by the EspRIT method. '' In the analyzer 1 described in the item 21 of the reach range, the reach direction device described above estimates the reach direction on the basis of the principle of dry shot. 30. As described, the analyzer described in item 21 of the patent scope. Arrival direction calculation device includes a plurality of algorithms to arrive at direction 4 60704 ----- 6. Scope of patent application _ ^, the signal processing device includes an algorithm selection device to allow one of the algorithms to be described. τ 保 Author's Choice 3i. A radio wave environment analyzer includes: a transmitting device that uses a PN code sequence to transmit and receive through a BPSK modulation, · *, said, a signal processing device; and The device 'graphically displays the PDA diagram of the phase propagation delay time and the direction of arrival of the plurality of arriving signals; the aforementioned receiving device includes:: column line' includes the signals sent by the plurality of antenna element devices; The ϋ Ϊ Ϊ device 'to produce the effect of each of the aforementioned plurality of antenna elements ^ ㈣, and _ a spread spectrum with the same code sequence but a slightly different transmission rate as the = code sent by the aforementioned transmitting device; and Orthogonal detection device 'to convert the signals obtained from the individual antenna elements by the aforementioned inverse spread spectrum device to an intermediate frequency Bf, orthogonalize the resulting signals, and output the detection of individual antenna elements. % The aforementioned signal processing device includes: digitizing the output of the said orthogonal detection device by means of a “storage device” and adding the wrong memory and taking it from the dedicated antenna Member; FIG display device delay line, to measure the antenna elements originating from the table without delay FIG detect significant, between the power and the extension of one member of this generation of a predetermined signal delay line of FIG. Page 36 6. The relationship between the late time of patent application scope; time designation device, analysis of the delay line graph displayed by the display device when a period of time is specified ^ II to read the device according to the aforementioned delay line graph 'in the aforementioned storage device =: II. The signals appearing within the specified time range; the arrival direction calculation device is read between the stored detection signals to estimate the autocorrelation matrix of the signal ^ to generate 3 appearing within the range of t% of the arrival 2. The plurality of antenna elements in the range of the patent application are arranged in a linear manner. The aforementioned analyzer, wherein the aforementioned angle or elevation angle. Yiyi No. 5 processing device estimated level 33. If the scope of patent application No. 31 is cried, a number of days are now arranged as moments on one plane, and two are estimated horizontal or elevation angles. Processing device No. 34. The analysis array antenna described in item 31 of the scope of patent application includes a 'linear arrangement of a plurality of antenna elements', among which the antennas are arranged in a matrix line on a plane: the plane of the line array antenna. The antenna is composed of the analyzer described in item 34 of the scope of patent application, and the m-stream '5' processing device in 1 includes an array antenna selection device, one of two array antennas or a planar array antenna. Select the linear array 3 6. The analyzer described in item 31 of the scope of patent application, the direction of arrival calculation device estimates the ancient and Chinese descriptions using the eigenvalue decomposition method. 37. According to item 36 of the scope of patent application Minutes of °. Compared with multipath wave arrival direction, propagation delay and relative Page 37 460704 VI. Scope of patent application The MUS method c of the method of value decomposition method is estimated. 38. The analyzer according to item 36 of the scope of the patent application, and the esprit method of the family of multi-path wave arrival directions, propagation delays, and phase function decomposition methods are estimated. 39 · As described in item 31 of the scope of the patent application, the device for calculating the direction of arrival is based on the principle of dry shooting. 40. As described in item sl of the scope of the patent application, the device for calculating the direction from direction to j includes a plurality of $ / The analyzer also includes a processing unit for calculating the number of the algorithm. Select attack to Z Among them, the main wave is regarded as belonging to the above 〇 ′ where the front 逑 reaches the direction, and the operator may choose