TW457809B - Testing method of abnormal image - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention discloses a testing method of abnormal image, which is more efficient and accurate. The present invention at least comprises the following main steps: first, scan a test chart to obtain an image file; then generate plural tendency charts and a reference chart; next, perform point-to-point calculation from said plural tendency charts; finally, determine the related data of the abnormal image on the test chart based on the result obtained from the point-to-point calculation, e.g. the starting position and ending position of the abnormal image, magnitude and quantity.

Description

457809 V. Description of the Invention (1) 5-1 Field of the Invention: The present invention relates to a method for image scanning, and particularly relates to a method for testing abnormal images of reference black and reference white, or single reference black / white. 5-2 Background of the Invention: A variety of image processing devices have been created for different needs. These devices may be scanners, photocopiers, fax machines, or other devices capable of image processing. As far as scanners are concerned, it is a device that can convert real still images in real life into digital image data. Generally, scanners can be divided into handheld scanners and desktop scanners or desktop scanners. There are three types of flat bed scanner (sheet bed-feed scanner) and sheet-feed scanner (black and white, grayscale and color), which refers to the image data generated after scanning. We can still scan a color image with a black and white scanner, and we will get a black and white image after scanning. The technology of a black and white scanner to scan a color image is to use a pattern (pattern) to simulate a change in color, while a grayscale scanner uses a change in grayscale to express color. In addition, images are usually recorded in a file or memory matrix in the form of one point after another. A point (p i X e 1) of a monochrome graphic corresponds to a bit of data

45 78 0 9 V. Description of the invention (2) (bit), color data requires multiple bits to record a picture point, so this method is called bit mapping, and its graphic is called bitmapped graphics), and its related files are called bit-mapped graphs or image fi 1 e. Before processing the image data, you must first obtain a set of reference black and reference white, or a single reference black / white, that is, the scanner will scan a calibration target before starting scanning, and its function is for reference. Contrast it to black or white for easy reference points. If there are dust or stains on the optical path, the reference black / white anomaly will often be caused, and then a vertical abnormal image (usually called LBB) will be generated, which is usually larger than a pixel. This phenomenon can be clearly expressed by the first picture. In the first figure, the vertical coordinate is the brightness, where 0 is the darkest, 255 is the brightest, and the horizontal coordinate is the position scanned by a sensor. Furthermore, the graph of the first figure presents a reference black brightness mode, in which two pointed protrusions symbolize the vertical abnormal images LBB! -LBB2 described above. L, Xl are the height (or size) and position of 1 ^ 3 :, and t2, x2 are the height (or size) and position of 1 ^ 62. An image varies in resolution and size. To find its anomaly, it is often only possible to determine the abnormal image by visual inspection. For automation and dataization, a more efficient and accurate method for determining anomalous images needs to be developed. It can not only find the position and size of anomalous images, but also count the number of anomalous images.

45 7a〇 9 V. Description of the invention (3) 5-3 Purpose and summary of the invention: In view of the above-mentioned background of the invention, the traditional test method referring to the abnormal image of black / white has many disadvantages. The present invention provides a more efficient and accurate method for determining abnormal images, which can not only find the position and size of abnormal images, but also count the number of abnormal images. The general kind is like a film for a film, a mouthful of different words, a black and white test, and a black test. You don't take part in a pair of single or tests. The purpose of this method is to provide a unified set of test reference black and reference white, or single reference black / white anomaly images for different interference factors, such as dust or stains. method. According to the above purpose, the present invention provides a more efficient and accurate method for determining abnormal images. The method includes at least the following main steps: first, scan a test chart to obtain an image file; then, generate a plurality of trend charts and a reference trend chart; second, the reference trend chart is made from the above plurality of trend charts respectively Point-to-point calculation; finally, based on the results of the point-to-point calculation, determine the relevant data of the abnormal images on the test chart, such as the start and end positions, size, and number of abnormal images.

457809_ V. Description of the invention (4) 5-4 Schematic description: The first image shows the distribution of brightness versus scanning position with reference to the black / white vertical abnormal image (LBB); the second image shows an embodiment of the present invention The flowchart of the steps for determining abnormal images; the third figure shows a trend chart in an embodiment of the present invention; and the fourth figure shows a reference trend chart in an embodiment of the present invention. The main part of the symbol: 30 0 8 points for a cycle trend chart; 301 1 6 points for a cycle trend chart; 3 0 2 32 points for a cycle trend chart; 4 0 6 6 points for a cycle Baseline trend chart; 4 0 1 128 points is a periodical baseline trend chart; LBBls LBB2 vertical abnormal image; tl5 t2 size of the abnormal image; and χ {, χ2 position of the abnormal image. 5-5 Invention Details:

4 5 7 8 0 9 V. Description of the invention (5) According to the present invention, a method for judging abnormal images of reference black and reference white 'or single reference black / white is provided. The application of ^ fang ^ is not limited to general scanners, but can also be applied to various image processing devices, such as photocopiers, fax machines, and so on. As far as the scanning machine is concerned, it can be generally divided into three categories: handheld scanners, desktop scanners or flat bed scanners, and sheet-feed scanners. . mca will save the test and save y, and use the specified steps to save 03 points. \ 'Chengfa its step by step Π2, the result is black and white cost, column; the calculation of the file M or At the same time, 00 00 like 20 potential to Yunshen C black. Fang Han's 2-step shadow image tends to be a hurried image. The bill of materials is exactly opposite, the image C is less than δ from Zhao Ji, or the normal point of the image is normal. The video is borrowed to the 20 images, and the abnormality of the examination is mixed. The basic points are different. These thirty-one points are straightforward for the examination of resources and examinations, and the points are based on the steps taken by the gray scales: and will have certainty. Borrow., The figure from the root to the black is on the verdict, save 01 potential, like before the test, the road to make a map)) 2 trends and five shadows referenced} light and one or two test files In this step, if the middle scan of the middle group is entered, the first step of the first step is to change the vision. , Mentioned in the Yi Ying system retelling, the back can be opened ta point is often a strong description of the first one on 04 to take the test in η to show clearly the main line of the non-birth from the 2 picture of the predecessor I, the upper line If you need to describe the white example, the first test, the first test, the fourth test, and the test, you must scan br \\ The process is passed and the result is determined, that is, 11 is in the black flow step, the step of the example is judged

457809 V. Description of the invention (6) Furthermore, the image file mentioned in step 1 refers to a file that stores digital images. Usually this file is scanned by a scanner or synthesized by image processing software. Not drawn by hand. The computer-stored video broadcast, also known as bitmapped graphics, is usually stored from top to bottom, left to right, and one image point after another. One dot (p i X e 1) of a monochrome figure corresponds to one bit (b i t) of the data, and color data requires multiple bits to record one dot. In addition, the test pattern scanned in the same step can be a strip of uniform black strip, a strip of uniform white strip, or a strip of semi-uniform stripe on top and half black. For example, if the image file of a black strip of paper is displayed as a chart (brightness vs. scanning position), it must be similar to that shown in the first figure. The noise filtering mentioned in step 2 is used to eliminate or reduce the influence caused by interference factors, and then get more image output. The noise filtering method used in this embodiment is referred to the patent application "Dynamic Correction Method" (Application No. 8 8 1 0 7 3 6 2). In addition, this step is not mandatory for this embodiment Therefore, it will not be described in detail here. The horizontal coordinate (X-axis) of the trend graph mentioned in step 3 is the scanning position between 0 and N, and its vertical coordinate (Y-axis) is the scanning position. The corresponding brightness, where 0 is the darkest and 255 is the brightest. The method for generating the above plurality of trend graphs includes at least the following steps: first take p point as one week

^ 57809

V. Description of the invention (7) period; at each scan position greater than or equal to p, take an average brightness value of itself and the previous p-1 point; and use the average brightness value of each scan position greater than or equal to p as its Brightness values in a trend chart. The above steps for generating a trend graph can be more clearly expressed by Equation 1, where An is the original brightness value of the n-th scanning position, and Anew, η is the new brightness value of the n-th scanning position in the trend graph. Αη + Αη-ι + " + An- (p-n

P formula (1) The change of ρ means the generation of different trend graphs. Here, the choice of ρ is between the power of 2 and the power of 5. In order to ensure that the judgment is correct, the trend graph obtained by using more than two P-values in this embodiment is shown in the third figure, of which 8 points are a period of a trend circle 300, and 16 points are a period. The trend graphs 301 and 32 are a period trend graph 302. The above method for generating the plurality of trend graphs can also adopt the following steps: Similarly, first take the point of P (between the 1st power of 2 and the 5th power of 2) as a cycle; at each of which is less than or equal to N_ρ + 1 The scanning position takes an average brightness value of itself and the following ρ— \ points; and the average true output value of each scanning position is used as its brightness value in the trend graph. The generator of the latter trend graph is more clearly expressed by Equation 2, where N is the last scanning position.

Page 10 V. Description of Invention (8)

Αη + Αη fl + A. η + (p-1) Formula (2) η Ο p + 1

P is very similar to: The method of generating the reference trend graph obtained by I: is expressed in Equation 3, where Bn is the „point scan position ^ details, n is the new brightness of the η point scan position in the reference trend chart ^ 'Β new ,; η > = q

Bn + Βη-] +… + Βη_ (q-1) Formula (3) q is a large V " or equivalent * ^ 4 of ^ is the same as the generation of the benchmark trend chart, where the choice of q values-one = which one Power of 2. In this embodiment, it is only necessary to use 64 points as a cycle: the reference trend curve shown in the figure contains a potential graph 401. ’, The benchmark trend chart 400 and 1 28 points are the benchmark trend of a cycle

Page 11 457809 V. Description of the invention (9) Formula 2), and this method can be expressed by Formula 4. Βη + Βη + ι +… + Bn + (tr " B „ew, n -------------------------- formula U)

Q η < = N-qi1 Finally, as described in step 4 and step 5, from the above-mentioned plurality of trend charts (such as 30 0, 301, and 302 in the third chart) to the benchmark trend chart (such as the fourth chart) 4 0 0 or 4 0 1) to perform a point-to-point subtraction operation, that is to find the difference between the brightness of the trend graph and the brightness of the reference trend graph at each scanning position. Based on the results obtained from point-to-point calculations, it is possible to determine the relevant data of the abnormal images on the test chart, such as the start and end positions, f, and number of abnormal images. Eighth Primary The above is only within the scope of the patent for the equivalent changes made in the spirit of determining the scope of patent application of the present invention. It is only a preferred embodiment and is not intended to be used; all other disclosures or modifications that do not depart from the present invention should be included in the following

Claims (1)

457809 The six-pack includes as little as the French method: Fang Zhi. The image is often different. The above picture is used to test and determine the specific type. Please apply for it in one step. The following picture is to test the production file. Take the graph, borrow the potential graph 'trend trend: quasi-complex. Basic exhaustion point pair ¾ 3 ·· Make the potential of the graph quasi-basis " the corresponding sub-map: potential · trend one by one Take the calculation of the normal; different-the above figure to test the calculation of the point of the judgment material :. The following points are expected to be related to the data: 2. If the first item of the scope of patent application includes a step of noise filtering 3. The first item of the scope of patent application, where the above test chart includes at least Contains a uniform black test pattern. 4. The method of claim 1 in the scope of patent application, wherein the above test chart includes at least a uniform white test chart. ——_ 5. The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the horizontal coordinate (X-axis) of the above trend graph is a scanning position between 0 and N, and the vertical coordinate (Y-axis) is a scanning position The corresponding brightness. 6. The method of claim 5 in the scope of patent application, in which the above-mentioned plural _ trends Page 13 4 5 780 9 6. The method for generating the patent application range map includes at least: 1. Taking the p point as a cycle; At the scan position of "Poison", take itself and the average brightness of the previous P-1 point. And s uses the average brightness value of each scan position greater than or equal to p as its brightness value in the trend graph. 7. The method of item 6 of the patent application scope, wherein the above-mentioned p includes at least 2 times 3 times. 8. If the method of applying for the scope of the patent item 6, the above-mentioned P contains at least the 4th power of 2. '9. For the method of applying for the scope of the patent item 6, the above-mentioned P contains at least 2 of 5 1 0 · The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned method for generating the plurality of trend graphs includes at least:-taking p point as a cycle; taking at each scanning position less than or equal to N-P + 1 An average brightness value of itself and the following p-1 points; and the average brightness value of each scanning position as its brightness value in the trend chart.- Page 14 W7 80 9 6. Scope of Patent Application 11. The method of item 10 of the scope of patent application, in which the above-mentioned p includes at least 2 to the third power. 1 2. The method according to item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned p includes at least a power of two. 1 3. The method according to item 10 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above includes at least a power of 2. 14. The method according to item 5 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned method for generating the reference trend chart includes at least: taking q points as a cycle; taking itself and each of the first q-1 points at each scanning position greater than or equal to q And an average brightness value of each scan position greater than or equal to q as its brightness value in the reference trend graph. 15. The method according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned q includes at least the power of six. 16. The method according to item 14 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above q includes at least a power of two to seven. 1 7. The method according to item 5 of the patent application scope, wherein the above-mentioned benchmark trend chart Page 15 457809 6. The method for generating a patent application scope includes at least: taking Q points as a cycle; taking an average brightness value of itself and the following q-1 points at each scanning position less than or equal to N-q + 1; and The average brightness value of each scanning position is taken as its brightness value in the reference trend chart. 1 8. The method according to item 17 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above Q includes at least a power of two to six. 19. The method according to item 17 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned q includes at least a power of two. 20. The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned point-to-point operation includes at least a subtraction operation. 2 1. The method according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the relevant data of the above abnormal image includes at least the start and end positions, size and number of abnormal images. 22. A method for determining an abnormal image on a test chart, the method includes at least the following steps: providing a scanning machine; using the scanning machine to scan a test chart to obtain an image file; Page 16 ^ 780 9 6. The patent application park filters the noise stored in the image file; generates a plurality of trend graphs from the data stored in the image file; generates a benchmark from the data stored in the image file Potential release map; point-to-point calculations are performed on the reference trend chart respectively from the plurality of trend charts; and ^ based on the data of the point-to-point calculations, determine the relevant lean material of the abnormal image on the test chart. 23. The method according to item 22 of the scope of patent application, wherein the scanning machine described above includes at least a handheld scanner. 2 4. The method according to item 22 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned scanning machine includes at least a desktop scanner or a flat bed scanner. 25. The method of claim 22 in the scope of patent application, wherein the scanning machine includes at least a sheet-feed scanner. 26. The method according to item 22 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above test chart includes at least a uniform black test chart. 27. The method of claim 22 in the scope of patent application, wherein the above test chart includes at least a uniform white test chart. Page 17 45780 9 VI. Patent Application Range 28. For the method of patent application No. 22, in which the horizontal coordinate (X-axis) of the above trend graph is a scanning position between 0 and N, and its vertical coordinate (Y-axis) is the brightness corresponding to the scanning position. 29. The method of claim 28 in the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned method for generating the plurality of trend graphs includes at least: taking ρ points as a cycle; taking itself and the previous ρ-1 at each scanning position greater than or equal to ρ An average brightness value of the point; and an average brightness value of each scan bit '' greater than or equal to ρ as its brightness value in the trend graph. 30. The method according to item 29 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned ρ includes at least a power of two. 31. The method according to item 29 of the patent application park, wherein the above-mentioned ρ includes at least a power of two. 32. The method according to item 29 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned ρ includes at least the power of 5. 3 3. The method according to item 28 of the scope of patent application, wherein the method for generating the plurality of trend graphs mentioned above includes at least: taking the ρ point as a cycle; Page 18 4 5 780 9 VI. The scope of the patent application is to take an average brightness value of itself and the back 'P-1 point at each scanning position less than or equal to N-p + 1; and the average brightness of each scanning position Value as its brightness value in the trend graph. 34. The method of claim 33, wherein the above-mentioned p includes at least a power of two. 35. The method according to item 33 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned p includes at least a power of two. 36 · The method according to item 33 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned p includes at least a power of two to five. 37. For the method of the 28th item in the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned method for generating the reference trend chart includes at least: taking q points as a cycle; taking itself and every previous Q-1 point at each scanning position greater than or equal to Q And an average brightness value of each scan position greater than or equal to q as its brightness value in the reference trend graph. 38. The method according to item 37 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned q includes at least a power of 2. Page 19 π 780 9 VI. Scope of patent application 3 9. The method of item 37 of the scope of patent application, where q above includes at least 2 to the power of 7. 40. For the method of the 28th item in the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned method for generating the reference trend chart includes at least: taking q points as a cycle; taking each and every scan position less than or equal to N-q + 1 as its own and after q-an average brightness value of 1 point; and the average brightness value of each scanning position as its brightness value in the reference trend chart. 41. The method according to item 40 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above q includes at least a power of two to six. 4 2. The method according to item 40 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above q includes at least the power of 2 to the 7th power. 43. The method according to item 22 of the scope of patent application, wherein the above-mentioned point-to-point operation includes at least a subtraction operation. 44. If the method according to item 22 of the scope of patent application is applied, the relevant data of the above abnormal image includes at least the start and end positions, size and quantity of the abnormal image. Page 20