TW455704B - Polarized-light pipe and polarized-light source - Google Patents

Abstract

A polarized-light pipe is obtained by laminating on one or both surfaces of a light-transmitting resin plate a polarized-light scattering plate having fine birefringent domains dispersed therein and hence showing anisotropy in scattering. The polarized-light scattering plate comprises a transparent film having fine domains dispersed therein comprising a liquid crystal polymer which exhibits nematic at temperatures lower than the glass transition temperature of the polymer constituting matrix of the transparent film and has a glass transition temperature of 50 DEG C or higher. The polarized-light pipe as a laminate may further comprise a specular reflection layer, a polarization-retaining lens and a light diffusion layer laminated thereon. The polarized-light pipe may further comprise a light source mounted at least on one side face thereof to provide a planar polarized-light source.

Description

4 5 5 7 〇4 ~ You _ _ month month day article five, description of the invention ⑴--1 Ming of the back 熹 k invention of the jaw 迠 The present invention relates to a kind of incident light received from its side can be transformed into a uniform The linearly polarized light is then emitted from its two surfaces on an oscillating surface under control, so that it is suitable for forming polarizing tubes and planar polarized light sources for backlights for liquid crystal display devices. This application is based on Japanese Patent Application Nos. Hei. 1 and 1 31 1 429, U-131430, Π-138102, 1 and 1 166727, 1 and 1 74 368, and 11-197083, which are incorporated herein by reference data. k Description of Related Art Regarding an edge-light type light pipe that can be used as a backlight for a liquid crystal device, a device including a light-emitting member made of a reflection point provided on a light-transmitting resin plate, etc. has been hitherto known The light transmitting resin plate has a configuration in which the transmitted light 1 generated by total reflection is emitted from one of the two surfaces of the plate through scattering or the like. However, the aforementioned emitted light has natural light with little or no polarization, so it is necessary to convert it into linearly polarized light through a polarizing plate before the liquid crystal display. Therefore, the aforementioned device has the disadvantage that the polarizing plate causes absorption loss' and the percentage utilization of light cannot exceed 50%. Under the foregoing circumstances, a system (JP-A) including a polarization conversion member having a combination of a polarization separation plate using a Brewster angle to generate linearly polarized light and a phase difference plate is proposed in addition to the foregoing configuration (JP-A -6-18873 C The term "jp-Aj" as used herein means "an unexamined and published Japanese patent application"), JP-A-6-160840, JP-A-6-265892, JP-A- 7-72475, JP-A-7-261122,

89109116.ptc Page 5 455704 _Case No. 891 (mm_year, month, day, time, date, fifth, description of the invention (2) '-JP-A-7-270 792 ^ JP-A-9-54556' JP-A- 9- 1 05933, JP-A-9-138406, JP-a-9-152604, JP-A-9-293406, JP-A-9-326205, JP-a-10_78581). However, this backlight cannot provide sufficient polarization 'and it is almost impossible to control the polarization direction. Therefore, > This backlight can hardly be practically used. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a polarizer including a light transmitting resin plate and a polarizing light diffusing plate laminated on one or both sides of the light transmitting resin plate. This polarizing light scattering plate has minute birefringent crystal domains dispersed therein to exhibit scattering anisotropy due to the direction of polarization. According to the present invention, in the foregoing configuration, when natural light is received at the side, linearly polarized light can be efficiently emitted from both surfaces without forming a special light emitting member such as a reflection point on a light transmitting resin plate. In addition, when linearly polarized light passes through the optical axis of a polarizing light scattering plate additionally used, linearly polarized light having a direction corresponding to the vibration direction can be obtained. Therefore, the direction of oscillation of the linearly polarized light can be arbitrarily changed by controlling the optical axis of the polarized light scattering plate. Furthermore, polarized light can be emitted from one surface of a polarizer having a one-way reflective layer provided on the other surface to enhance the emission efficiency of each surface, so that it can provide linearly polarized light with excellent diffusion properties. . By arranging the liquid display element on the polarizer so that the optical axes of the two elements are parallel to each other, a brightness close to twice the normal value can be achieved. In the foregoing description, the incident light received through the side of the light pipe is transmitted through the inside of the light pipe, and at the same time, the total reflection is repeated due to the difference in refractive index with the air, and then it enters the polarized light scattering plate. 89109116.ptc received by the polarized light scattering plate Page 6 455704 ___ 89109116-year month g_____ V. Description of the invention ⑶ ~ The component of the emitted light 'has an axis parallel to the largest difference (Δηΐ) between the refractive index of the manifestation and the small crystal domain The linearly polarized light in the (Δηΐ direction) oscillation plane is selectively strongly scattered. A part of the linearly polarized light reflected at an angle smaller than the total reflection angle is emitted by the light pipe. In this configuration, the light is reflected on the side of the one-way reflection layer 'and then supplied to the opposite side (the other surface of the light pipe without the one-side reflection layer). Therefore, the 'light is concentratedly emitted on the other side of the light pipe. Therefore, 'linearly polarized light can be diffused from one surface of the light pipe through the light diffusion layer' without greatly degrading polarization, and then emitted with good uniformity. On the other hand, light scattered at a large angle in the Δηΐ direction meets the conditions of the Anl direction but has not yet been scattered, and light with an oscillation direction other than the direction is restricted to the light pipe that it transmits. Dragon repeats total reflection. In this way, these components wait for an opportunity to be depolarized due to the difference in the birefringent phase caused by the polarized light scattering plate, and to satisfy the conditions regarding the direction of Δ n and to emit them. By repeating this procedure, linearly polarized light having a predetermined oscillation plane can be efficiently emitted from the light pipe. The aforementioned polarizing light scattering plate includes a transparent film in which minute crystal domains are dispersed. This minute crystal domain includes nematics at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the polymer constituting the substrate of the transparent film, and has a temperature of 50%. X: A liquid crystal polymer having a glass transition temperature above is preferred. In this configuration, a polarizer β having excellent heat resistance can be obtained. The polarizer thus produced is extremely unlikely to be deformed and deteriorated in function, even when it is subjected to temperature rise after long-term operation of the light source. Therefore, the polarizer of the present invention is excellent in durability, especially in thermal stability.

89109116.ptc Page 7 45 57 04

The present invention further provides a polarizing tube, which includes a unidirectional reflective layer provided on one surface thereof and at least one polarizing cone-shaped lens provided on the other surface μ # CAN―r. The aforementioned polarizing light scattering plate of the sheet is a laminate ... a kind of planar polarizing light source, which includes a light source provided on at least one side surface of the polarizing tube. The polarization maintaining lens sheet controls the path # of the emitted light, and achieves linearly polarized light with excellent directivity in the front direction. By placing the liquid crystal element on the polarization maintaining lens sheet ', a brightness of 1.5 times or more of the normal value can be obtained. The present invention further provides a polarizer including a birefringent light-transmitting resin plate, and micro-birefringent crystal domains dispersed therein disposed on one or both surfaces thereof, each of which exhibits scattering depending on a polarization direction. A laminate of an anisotropic polarized light scattering plate. The laminate includes a one-way reflective layer provided on one surface thereof; and a planar polarized light source including a light source provided on at least one side surface of a polarizer. In this configuration, the first transmissive resin plate uses its birefringence to effectively eliminate polarization ', thereby increasing the opportunity for the aforementioned emission, so that it can increase brightness. The present invention further provides a polarizing tube which includes a light transmitting resin plate and a light path interposed therebetween, and is partially disposed in close contact with one or both surfaces thereof, and has micro-birefringent crystal domains dispersed therein. An anisotropic polarized light scattering plate showing polarization in the direction of polarization; and a planar polarized light source including a light source disposed on at least one side of a polarizer. According to the present invention, the light pipe can receive natural light on its side, and then efficiently emit linearly polarized light from both surfaces with good brightness uniformity. In more detail, the incident light received through the side of the light-transmitting resin plate is transmitted by the inside of the resin plate, and at the same time is heavy due to the difference in refractive index with the air.

89109116.ptc Page 8 455704 ___89IQ9116___ Che Yueyue_ V. Description of the invention (5) Complex total reflection ’then undergoes scattering through the light path and enters the polarized light scattering plate, which is then emitted from the light pipe. Therefore, the amount of incident light, and thus the brightness, can be controlled by the area in contact with the anterior path. The features and advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description of preferred specific examples described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The description of a preferred specific example A polarizer according to the present invention includes a light-transmitting resin plate and a micro-birefringent crystal domain dispersed therein, and exhibits anisotropy of scattering depending on the polarization direction, and is laminated on the light-transmitting resin plate. A polarizing light scattering plate on one or both surfaces. Figures 1 and 2 show a specific example of a polarizer. The element number is a light transmitting resin plate, and the element number 3 is a polarizing light scattering plate, and the element number 2 is a non-essential adhesive layer. The polarizing light scattering plate 3 includes a transparent film in which minute crystal domains including a liquid crystal polymer are dispersed, the liquid crystal polymer exhibiting nematicity at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the polymer (substrate polymer) constituting the film, and Has a glass transition temperature above 50 ° C. ”As a laminated polarizer, you can say more about Gan ^ __, and you can use a reflective surface on one surface of it, and on the other surface. # @ Tm 衣 面 ° 又 置At least one polarization maintains a light diffusion layer. One of the configurations is like Qian Qianyang „υ ', Xiao example is not as shown in FIG. 3» Element No. 4 is an indicator layer (polarizing light scattering plate), and element number 6 # _ Layer σ refers to a non-unidirectional reflective layer, and the number 7 indicates a light diffusion layer. Fig. 3 illustrates a specific example of the element light source. Element number 5 indicates the light source. + 面面 The aforementioned laminate may further include £. ', 来 μ, #,' < Porous porcine rods on the surface of the side. In FIG. 4, the element number 8 indicates a lens sheet. , Hold

W326 \ 2d- \ 90-〇3 \ 891091! 6.ptc 4 5 5 7 891〇9116 V. Description of the invention (6)

Plate The polarizing tube according to the present invention may further include a diffusing plate via a portion A + & A or both surfaces in close contact 'with an optical path interposed therebetween. One specific example of this configuration is shown in the above-mentioned polarized light scattering plate in which the light path is interposed between β and ^. One specific example of this configuration is shown in 囷 6 ^ element series $ indicates a light-transmitting resin plate, element number 9 indicates the direction of failure, and the path number is 3, and element number 3 indicates a polarized light scattering plate. These components are formed as a laminate 4 having a polarizer with a minimum of elements. Fig. 6 illustrates a specific example of a light source including the aforementioned polarizer. As for the light transmitting resin plate, any flat material formed of a suitable material that exhibits transparency to a predetermined wavelength of light from a light source can be used. For example, for the visible light range, a flat material made of an acrylic resin, a polycarbonate resin, a styrene resin, a norbornene-based resin, an epoxy resin, or the like can be preferably used. From the viewpoint of light transmittance, a flat material made of a resin having a refractive index as small as possible is preferable. Further, in consideration of durability, a flat material made of a resin having excellent heat resistance is preferable. Regarding the light-transmitting resin plate ', a material exhibiting birefringence in a plane can be used to eliminate polarization of light transmitted through the inside of the light pipe and increase the chance of emission from the self-polarizing light-diffusing plate, thereby improving brightness. In order to effectively eliminate the polarization, a material with a phase difference due to birefringence of more than 50 nm, which is calculated based on the average phase difference in the plane, is preferably more than 60 nm, and more preferably 70 nm or more. good. In addition, in order to prevent the brightness of the uneven sentence, it is preferable to use a material having as small unevenness as possible. The formation of ancient birefringent light-transmitting resin plates can be accomplished by any suitable method, such as including the development of directional birefringence, including the use of strain in the formation of plates, and the like.

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Modification _ 銮 89109114 V. Description of the invention (7), including the viewpoint of the action of a tensile field or a magnetic field, these methods of developing directional birefringent grease, polycarbonate resin, including rolling Resin orientation method. A particularly preferred method is the method. From this point of view, etc. is better. The method 'and the production of a resin plate including a large amount of electricity, including the use of strain, etc.' Using an acrylic tree In order to maintain the desired polarization properties of the emitted light, it is preferable to use a resin plate having a phase difference as small as possible. From this point of view, it is preferable to use a material that does not cause directional birefringence due to strain or the like during the formation of the plate, especially a polyacrylic acrylic or methylphenidyl resin. This resin can be suitably formed into a board. The shape of the light-transmitting resin plate can be appropriately determined according to the size of the liquid crystal cell, the characteristics of the light source, the uniformity of the brightness of the emitted light, and the like, so there is no particular limitation. From the viewpoint of formability and the like, it is preferable to use a flat or wedge-shaped plate. The thickness of the light-transmitting resin plate can be appropriately determined according to the size of the light source and the liquid crystal cell, so there is no particular limitation. However, in order to reduce the thickness and weight of light, it is preferable that the light transmitting resin plate be as thin as possible, specifically, 10 mm or less, especially from 0.5 to 5 mm. The formation of the light-transmitting resin sheet can be performed by any appropriate method, such as injection molding, casting, extrusion, flow casting, roll coating, die casting, and reaction left plastic (RIM). To form a light-transmitting resin plate, appropriate additives such as a discoloration inhibitor, an oxidation-inhibiting hafnium, an ultraviolet light absorber, and a release agent 'can be added to the material. On the other hand ’, any suitable material containing tiny birefringent crystal domains dispersed therein can be used as a polarizing light scattering plate to show scattering depending on the direction of polarization

89109116.ptc Page 11 4557 04 — ___ 89109116 .__ ± —— ^-§ Amendment __ 5. Anisotropy of invention description (8). An example of a polarizing light-scattering plate is a transparent film in which minute birefringent crystal domains are dispersed. For example, a material including a transparent film in which minute crystal domains including a liquid crystal polymer are dispersed and exhibiting anisotropy of scattering depending on the polarization direction can be used. This liquid crystal polymer is lower than the polymer constituting the film. The glass transition temperature exhibits nematic 'and has a glass transition temperature of 50 t or more. In this configuration, a polarizing plate having excellent heat resistance can be obtained, and a polarizing tube having excellent thermal stability can be formed. The formation of the aforementioned anisotropic polarizing light scattering plate which can exhibit scattering can be accomplished by any suitable method, such as a method in which one or more appropriate materials having excellent transparency such as polymer and liquid crystal are subjected to proper orientation using stretching or the like, and here In one combination, regions having different birefringences are formed, and an oriented film is prepared. Examples of the foregoing combination include a combination of a polymer and an anisotropic polymer, and a combination of dispersive distribution of minute crystal domains is preferable. The dispersion of the tiny crystal domains is controlled. Phase separation can be achieved by dissolving incompatible materials with any solvent and melting in the inferred material. A combination of a polymer and a liquid crystal, a combination of anisotropic polymerization and an anisotropic polymer. Point to point 'The use of the distribution that will cause phase separation can be accomplished using any suitable method of compatibility of the materials to be bonded, such as including liquefaction, and including heating incompatible materials to a combination of the foregoing materials and liquid crystals by stretching. And isotropic polymers and anisotropic polymers ί = stretching iUt, ° at any temperature and stretching ratio can be through appropriate control of the stretching conditions, and;

455704

A combination of negative refractive index and a desired anisotropic composition and a negative isotropic light scattering plate. While the polymer can be changed, the negative anisotropic polymer is classified as positive or used as anisotropic polymer. The combination of functional polymers can be negative. In any positive combination and positive directions used in the present invention, positive and anisotropic polyanisotropic polymerization. Examples of the foregoing polymers include ester-based polymers such as polyethylene terephthalate and polynaphthalate. Ethylene glycol, styrene-based polymers such as polystyrene and acrylonitrile-styrene copolymers (AS polymers), olefin polymers such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polyolefins with cyclic or nor methylene; fg olefin structures And ethylene-acrylic copolymers' acrylic polymers such as polyacrylic acrylic polymers, cellulose-based polymers such as cellulose diacetate and cellulose triacetate, and amine-based polymers such as nylon and aromatic polymers Lamine. Other examples of the aforementioned transparent polymers include thermosetting or UV-curable polymers such as carbonate-based polymers, vinyl-based polymers, ammonium-based polymers, amidine-based polymers, polyethers, polyetheretherketones, Polybenzylene sulfide, dilute alcohol-based polymer, vinylidene chloride-based polymer, ethylene butylene-based polymer, acrylate-based polymer 'polyoxymethylene, polysiloxy polymer, amine formic acid Acetate-based polymers, ether-based polymers, vinyl acetate-based polymers, blends of polymers just described, phenol polymers, melamine-based polymers, propionic acid-based polymers, urethane-based polymers , Urethane propylene-based polymers, ring gas-based polymers, and polysiloxy polymers. In particular, a polymer excellent in transparency in a desired wavelength range such as a visible light range is preferred. In order to obtain a polarizing light scattering plate with excellent thermal stability, a glass having a deflection temperature under a load of 80 t or more and a temperature of 丨 丨 〇 Ό is used.

4557 04 η Amendment _ Case No. 89109116 V. Description of the invention (10) Polymers with a transition temperature are preferred 'The glass transition temperature is preferably 1151, and above 1 2 D C is particularly preferred. Elbow under load: w sound

If 79Π7J produces visual music shirt, the measurement is based on J IS K 7207. More detailed explanation, make the heat transfer medium in the heating tank at 2. [Heating at a rate per minute 'while subjecting the specimen having a height of " mm in the heating bath to a bending stress of 8.5 kgf / cm2. The temperature of the heat transfer medium whose deflection reaches 0,32 mm is defined as the deflection temperature under load. Examples of liquid crystals include low-molecular liquid crystals or crosslinkable liquid crystal monomers that exhibit nematic or pitch at room temperature or high temperature, such as cyanobiphenyl compounds, cyanocyclohexyl compounds, cyanophenylacetate compounds, A formic acid phenylacetate compound, a phenylpyrimidinyl compound, and a mixture thereof, and a liquid crystal polymer exhibiting nematic or pitch at room temperature. Generally, the aforementioned crosslinkable liquid crystal monomer is first aligned 'and then crosslinked by a suitable method such as fluorene to form a polymer. In order to obtain a polarizing light scattering plate with excellent heat resistance, durability, etc., it will have a glass breaking temperature of 50 C or more, more preferably 80t or more, and particularly good polymer and crosslinkable liquid crystal monomers of 120t or more. Or a combination of liquid crystal polymers is preferred. As for the liquid crystal polymer, it may be any appropriate material such as a main chain type compound and a side chain type compound. The type of the liquid crystal polymer is not particularly limited. The liquid crystal polymer is used to form a polarized light scattering plate, and the liquid crystal polymer can be formed by mixing one or more polymers with one or more liquid crystal polymers for forming minute crystal domains, and the liquid crystal polymer is dispersed in the form of minute regions. Polymer film, and then subject the polymer film to the proper orientation and shape

89109116.ptc Page 14 455704 _Case No. 89109116_year p Modification __ 5. Description of the invention (11) The method of forming regions with different birefringence is completed. From the viewpoint of controlling the ease of the aforementioned refractive index difference Δηΐ and An2 by orientation, it is possible to use a glass transition temperature having a temperature of 50 ° C and exhibit the orientation at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the polymer constituting the film The listed materials are used as liquid crystal polymers for forming minute crystal domains. The type of liquid crystal polymer used here is not particularly limited. Appropriate liquid crystal polymers of a main chain type or a side chain type which exhibit such properties can be used. Specific examples of the aforementioned liquid crystal polymer include a side chain liquid crystal polymer having a monomer unit represented by the following general formula. The side chain liquid crystal polymer may be a stomach-friendly thermoplastic polymer, such as a homopolymer having a single monomer unit and a total%. In particular, this thermoplastic polymer having excellent single crystal domain orientation is preferred.

In the foregoing general formula, X represents a structural group 3 'which forms the main chain of the liquid crystal polymer, which can utilize appropriate linking chains such as straight bonds, branched chains, and ring-shaped arms. Examples of structural groups include polyacrylic acid, polyacrylic acid acrylate, haloacrylate 'polycyanoacrylate, polyacrylamide, acrylonitrile, polymethacrylonitrile, polyacrylamide, polyester, polyamine Carboxylic acid theta polymer test, polyimide, and polycyclohexane. Sex represents an isolating group branched by an autonomous bond. From the viewpoint of the ease of controlling the refractive index from the formability of polarized light scattering plates. Segregated base

Page 15 4 5 5 7 0 4 Case No. 89109116 Amendment V. Description of the Invention (12) Examples include ethylene, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, octyl, decyl, Undecyl, dodecyl, octadecyl, ethoxyethyl, and methoxybutyl. On the other hand, Z represents a mesogen group that imparts liquid crystal alignment (nematic alignment). Examples of mesogen groups are listed below. C, H ·-(〇 ^-,

-(O ^ co. ^ O ^ c ^ c ^ o)-—〇c〇-^ (〇y ~ —c = c— A-^ (〇) -CH = N— (〇)-A. 乂 ~ ^-(〇) ^ csc " ^ qV- ac o.

-COM In the previous compounds, the 'end group substituent a may be a suitable group such as cyano, alkyl, alkenyl, alkoxy, oxyalkyl and one or more hydrogen atoms are fluorine or gas. Substituted alkanoyl, self-oxygenated and dilute oxo groups. The spacer group Y and the mesogen group Z may be connected to each other via an ether bond, that is, -0-. The phenyl group in the mesogen group Z may be substituted with one or more hydrogen atoms by a halogen. The dentition used is preferably chlorine or fluorine. The formation of the polarized light scattering plate using the aforementioned nematic liquid crystal polymer can include, for example, mixing a polymer for forming a polymer film with a liquid crystal polymer to form a liquid crystal polymer dispersed therein in a microscopic region.

89109116.ptc Page 16 4557 04 ___Case No. 891091H ____ ^^ __ V. The polymer film of (13), heat treatment of the polymer film ', so that the liquid crystal polymer used to form microcrystalline domains is oriented to the liquid crystal Configure _ and then cool the polymer film to complete the orientation fixation method. In particular, the formation of the polarizing light scattering plate can be, for example, 'by including one or more polymers for forming a thin film and exhibiting a nematic at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the aforementioned polymer' and having a temperature of 50 ° C or more One or more liquid crystal polymers for forming microcrystalline domains at the glass transition temperature are mixed to form a polymer film having liquid crystal polymers dispersed in the form of microdomains, and the polymer film is subjected to heat treatment, so as to form microcrystals. The liquid crystal polymer used in the domain is oriented in the nematic liquid crystal phase, and then the polymer film is cooled to complete the method of orientation fixation. In order to obtain a polarizing light scattering plate with excellent heat resistance and durability, a glass transition temperature of 60 ° C or higher is used, preferably 70 ° C or higher, and a liquid crystal polymer of 80t or higher is particularly preferred. A liquid crystal polymer having a degree of polymerization of 8 or more is required from the viewpoints of ease of forming minute crystal domains having excellent uniformity of particle diameter distribution, thermal stability, formability into a thin film, and ease of orientation. 'It is preferably 10 or more, and particularly preferably from 15 to 5,000. From the viewpoint of the dispersion distribution of the minute crystal domains in the polarizer thus prepared, it is preferable to use a combination of a polymer for forming a thin film and a liquid crystal polymer for forming a minute crystal domain in such a manner that phase separation can occur. . The dispersion distribution of minute crystal domains can be controlled by using the compatibility achieved by this combination. Phase separation can be achieved, for example, by any suitable method, such as a method including dissolving non-phase valley materials with a solvent 'and a method including heating and melting incompatible materials in the blend.

89l09116.ptc Page 17 455704 __Case No. 89109116__year-1_§-ϋ .__ V. Description of the invention (14) The formation of the aforementioned polymer film (ie, the film to be oriented) in which microcrystalline domains are dispersed, can be For example, it is accomplished using any suitable method such as a casting method, an extrusion method, an injection molding method, a roll pressing method, and a casting method. Alternatively, the formation of the aforementioned polymer film can be completed by a method including dispersing the polymer in the form of a monomer, and then subjecting the material to heat treatment or irradiating ultraviolet light to form a film. In order to obtain a polarized light scattering plate having excellent distribution uniformity of minute crystal domains, it is preferable to use a method including casting or casting a mixture of a film-forming material and a solvent to form a thin film. In this case, the size and distribution of the minute crystal domains can be controlled by the type of the solvent, the viscosity of the mixture, the drying rate of the mixture-dispersion layer, and the like. For example, the reduction of the area of the minute crystal domains can be conveniently achieved by reducing the viscosity of the mixture or increasing the drying rate of the mixture-dispersion layer. However, in fact, it is better to be from 5 m, and better to be from 5 m. Additives in film formation, such as color separation organic pigments, flame retardant one or more suitable square uniaxial, biaxial, continuous temperature shift or liquid crystal transfer, and then the material can be flowed during rapid formation. The thickness of the film to be oriented may be Appropriately decided. From the point of view of orientation, it is more preferably from 1 micrometer to 3 millimeters to 1 millimeter. From 10 micrometers to 500 micrometers, in particular, the material may include a suitable powder, a surfactant, and ultraviolet light absorption added thereto Agents, colorants' release agents and oxidation inhibitors. Orientation can be accomplished using an index-controllable refractive index method such as a stretching method or a rolling method such as a biaxial or Z-axis method, including applying an electric or magnetic field to a material at a temperature not lower than the glass transition temperature, and cooling The method of fixing the orientation includes

455704---- Case number 8910911 fi__year a. Amendment ______ V. Description of the invention (15) The method of orientation, and the method including the orientation of the liquid crystal by the slight orientation of the isotropic polymer. Therefore, the polarizing light scattering plate thus obtained may be a stretched film or an unstretched film. In the case of manufacturing a stretched film, a brittle polymer may also be used. However, a polymer having excellent elongation is particularly required. In the case of making microcrystalline domains from the aforementioned liquid crystal polymer, a liquid crystal polymer including heating the material to disperse and distribute in the form of the microcrystalline domains in the polymer 4 film can be used to develop a desired liquid crystal phase, such as Nematic phase, so that the temperature of its melting, so that the material is oriented under the effect of the orientation adjustment force, and then quickly cooled the material to fix the orientation method. The orientation of the microcrystalline domains is better in the state of the single crystal domains as much as possible to suppress the dispersion of optical properties. "Regarding the orientation adjustment force, 'the appropriate adjustment force which can orient the liquid crystal polymer can be used', such as used in The tensile force in the method of stretching a polymer film under a traction ratio, the shear force used during film formation, and an electric or magnetic field. One or more of these regulatory forces can act on the polymer film ' to orient the liquid crystal polymer. Therefore, the part of the polarized light scattering plate other than the microcrystalline domain, that is, the base material (polymer film part) of the transparent film, may exhibit birefringence or may be isotropic. A polarizing light scattering plate that fully exhibits birefringence can be produced by subjecting an oriented birefringent film-forming polymer to molecular orientation in the aforementioned film-forming procedure. If necessary, the polymer can be subjected to a known orientation, such as stretching, to make it birefringent or to control its birefringence. ^ An isotropic polarized light scattering plate in areas other than microcrystalline domains can be made by isotropic film-forming polymer at a temperature not higher than the glass transition temperature of the polymer.

455704

It is obtained by stretching under the temperature. One of the preferred specific examples of controlling the polarized light scattering plate, so that the axial directions in the refractive index differences (ie, Δηΐ, Δη2, and Δη3) of the respective optical axes of the minute crystal domains between the minute crystal domains and other parts that are part of the polymer film (Δη1 direction) is the largest, Δηΐ is greater than 0.03, and in the other two axes (directions of Δη2 and Δη3) perpendicular to the direction of Δη1, Δη2 and Δη3 are each 50% or less of Δηΐ. It is preferable that Δ η 2 and Δ η 3 are equal to each other. By using the aforementioned refractive index, linearly polarized light in the Δη 丨 direction is strongly scattered at an angle smaller than the total reflection angle, so that it can increase the amount of light emitted from the light pipe. Linearly polarized light in other directions hardly scatters, so it repeats total reflection, but it can be confined to the light pipe. In the previous description, if the fluorene-forming polymer is optically isotropic, the difference between the refractive index of the microcrystalline domain in each axis and the refractive index of the part other than the microcrystalline domain refers to the direction in each direction The difference between the refractive index of a small crystal domain and the average refractive index of a polymer film. If the film-forming polymer is optically anisotropic, it refers to the difference between the refractive index of the polymer film in the main optical axis and the refractive index of the small crystal domain in the main optical axis. the same. From the viewpoint of the aforementioned total reflection, the refractive index difference in the Δη1 direction is moderately large and preferably, more preferably from 0.0π to 1 and particularly preferably from 0.045 to 0.5. The refractive index differences Δη2 and _ in the directions of Δη2 and Δη3 are each preferably small. These refractive index differences can be controlled by adjusting the aforementioned orientation using the material ^ =. ~ f β Since the aforementioned △ η 1 direction corresponds to the linearly polarized light emitted by the light pipe

89109116.ptc Page 20 -lS_89l〇9] j ^ 455704 Rev. Y. 5. Description of the invention (17) The reed plane, so it is better that the liquid crystal cell is expected to run on the surface of the polarized light scattering plate. Depending on the subject, 'the direction of Δηΐ in the plane may be a twist suitable for scattering' ^ > 1 From the point of view of Yaya "\ Woo degree, 'the microcrystalline domains are dispersed and divided as uniformly as possible. It is better to use &, .3.,, _ ^ In the polarized light scattering plate. The microcrystalline domain 'is especially Δnt + L, .e ^ ^ n in the scattering direction. The size is related to backscattering (reflection) or depends on the wavelength. By increasing the percentage utilization of light, it prevents coloring due to the wavelength, prevents multiple images that hinder the microcrystalline domains from being seen, prevents clear display, film-forming properties, and film strength. The preferred size, especially the preferred length in the Δη1 direction, is from 0.05 to 500 microns, more preferably from 0.1 to 250 microns, and particularly preferably from 1 to 100 microns. Although the microcrystalline domains usually exist in the polarized light scattering plate in the form of crystal domains, the length in the Δη2 direction is not particularly limited. The proportion of the minute crystal domains in the polarized light scattering plate can be appropriately determined by the scattering properties in the A η 丨 direction. However, in fact, the strength of the film is also taken into consideration, which is more preferably from 0.1 to 70% by weight, more preferably from 0.05 to 50% by weight, and particularly preferably from 1 to 30% by weight. The polarizing light scattering plate may be formed in the form of a single layer made of the aforementioned thin film exhibiting birefringence. Two or more of these films may be laminated to form a polarized light scattering plate. Laminating these films can produce a stronger scattering effect than that produced by increasing the thickness. Lamination can be performed so that the film is set at any angle, such as in the direction of Δηΐ or Δη. From the viewpoint of enhancing the scattering effect, it is preferable to carry out lamination so that the Δη1 directions of two vertically adjacent layers are parallel to each other. I side of film

89109116.ptc Page 21 45 57 0 4 -__ Case No. 89109116_Year Month Day Amendment _ V. Description of the invention (18) The number of layers is any number above 2. The films to be laminated may have the same or different Δ ^ or ^ directions. The Δη1 direction of the vertically adjacent layers and the like are as parallel as possible to each other. However, deviations due to operating errors can be tolerated. When the directions and the like are dispersed, the values in the Δηΐ direction can be averaged to make the total reflection surface be the outermost surface using the adhesive layer, and the films to be laminated are adhered to each other. Any appropriate adhesive such as hot melt adhesive and adhesive can be used as the adhesive. In order to suppress reflection loss, it is preferable to use an adhesive layer having a refractive index difference as small as possible from the film. These films can be adhered to itself 'or a polymer for forming minute crystal domains can be used. It is better for the polarizer to have a phase difference in whole or in part. Since the polarization can be properly eliminated when light is transmitted through the interior of the light pipe, it is advantageous from the viewpoint of the percentage utilization of light. Since the retardation axis of the polarizing tube and the polarization axis (oscillating plane) of linearly polarized light are basically perpendicular to each other, it is thought that the polarization transition due to the phase difference hardly occurs, but a slight scattering will cause a polarization transition. Change in apparent angle. From the viewpoint of the aforementioned polarization transition, an in-plane phase difference of 5 nm or more is generally preferred, although it depends on the thickness of the scattering polarizer. The phase difference can be imparted by an appropriate method, such as a method including adding birefringent particles to the scattering polarizer, a method including attaching the birefringent particles to the surface of the scattering polarizer, a method including making a polymer film birefringent, and combination. A polarizing tube according to the present invention includes a light transmitting resin plate and a polarizing light scattering plate.

89109116.ptc Page 22 455704 _Case No. 89109116_Year Month Day You 5. Description of the invention (19) Laminate. In order to form the polarizing tube of the present invention, it is preferable that the light-transmitting resin plate 丨 and the polarizing light-scattering plate 3 are adhered to each other by using an adhesive or the like having a refractive index as close as possible to the two layers, so as to suppress as much as possible The reflection at the interface between the transmissive resin plate 1 and the polarized light scattering plate 3, that is, to promote the transmission of light between the light transmissive resin plate and the polarized light scattering plate. Therefore, it is made of a two-layer compact laminate as shown in Figure 丨. Both surfaces of the light pipe achieve total reflection. Adhesion is effective from the viewpoint of preventing shaft deviation. To form a polarizing tube, a polarizing light scattering plate 3 may be provided on both surfaces of the light transmitting resin plate 1 as shown in FIG. 2. In order to form a laminate of a light-transmitting resin plate and a polarizing light-scattering plate, the light-transmitting resin plate and the polarizing light-scattering plate are set so that the average hysteresis sleeve of the light-transmitting resin plate and the optical axis (oscillation plane that emits polarized light) are at least 5 degrees. The angles intersect better. From 10 to 80 degrees is more preferred, and from 15 to 75 degrees is particularly preferred to effectively eliminate the polarization of transmitted light. "" About the aforementioned adhesion "As in the case of the aforementioned laminated polarizing light scattering plate, an appropriate adhesive such as a transparent adhesive (for example, acrylic adhesive, polysiloxane adhesive, polyester-based adhesive can be used) Agent, polyurethane-based adhesive, polyether-based adhesive, rubber adhesive). Therefore, there is no special restriction on adhesion. From the viewpoint of preventing the change of optical characteristics; Adhesives for curing and drying procedures are preferred. In addition, 'adhesives that do not easily float or peel off under heating or wetting conditions are preferred. ^ From the foregoing point of view, the use of Atomic alkyl groups such as methyl, ethyl and butyl (meth) acrylic acid alkyl vinegar and containing modified ingredients such as (fluorenyl) acrylic acid and (meth) acrylic acid ^ ^

Fifth invention description (20) The acrylic monomer is polymerized based on a combination copolymerization of the obtained glass transition temperature of 0 ° C or lower, and an acrylic polymer having a weight average molecular weight of 100, 000 or more as a base polymerization. Acrylic adhesives are preferred. This acrylic adhesive also has the advantages of excellent transparency, weather resistance, and heat resistance. The provision of the adhesive layer on the light transmitting resin plate and / or the polarizing light scattering plate may be performed by any appropriate method. Examples of such a method include preparing adhesives having a concentration from about 10 to 40 weight percent by dissolving or dispersing the adhesive ingredients alone or in a blend in an appropriate solvent such as toluene and ethyl acetate. The agent dropping liquid 'then a method of directly supplying the adhesive solution on a light-transmitting resin plate or a polarizing light-scattering plate by any suitable spreading method such as a casting method and a coating method' and includes applying A method of forming an adhesive layer on a spacer, and then transferring the adhesive layer to a light transmitting resin plate or a polarizing light scattering plate. The provided adhesive layer may be a laminated layer having different compositions or kinds. The thickness of the adhesive layer can be appropriately determined by the adhesive property. Its-generally from 1 to 500 microns. The adhesive layer may include fillers such as natural or synthetic resins, glass fibers, glass beads, metal powders, and other inorganic powders, or appropriate additives such as pigments, colorants, and oxidation inhibitors added thereto as necessary. In addition, the adhesive layer may include finely divided particles added thereto to exhibit light diffusion properties. A polarizing tube according to the present invention is used to convert incident light received on its side into linear polarized light, which is then emitted from its rain surface as described above, and therefore, it can be preferably used to form planar polarized light. source. Plane polarized light source

IH

Page 24 89l〇9lI6.ptc ^ 4557 0 4

At least one side surface can be formed by disposing the light source 5 on the polarizer 4 as shown in FIG. 3. The light source is better as above. The layer is rotated, and placed in a polarized polar tube, which is radiated by a light, a cold cathode, two opposite sides, and three sides. In this configuration, it is concentrated on the polarized tube, which can increase the brightness. Anything on the side of the tube, the radiation efficiency of the light-emitting diode, and the reduction of the tube are better. In the case of two or three side surfaces, a planar polarized reflective layer 6 having excellent brightness can be provided on one surface of the polarizer 4 and the light emitted from the reflective layer side can be unidirectionally reflected on one of the surfaces. Changing its polarization state Regarding the aforementioned light source, any suitable light source can be used, such as (cold, hot) female linear or planar arrays and incandescent lamps. In particular, from the viewpoints of source consumption and reduction in diameter, the light source is arranged on a plurality of sides, such as above, to improve brightness or uniformity. U-shaped tubes are used. To form a planar polarized light source, if necessary, appropriate auxiliary members such as a reflector 51 surrounding the light source 5 can be provided to introduce scattered light from the light source to the side of the polarizer, as shown in FIG. 3. As for this reflector, a resin sheet or a metal foil provided with a thin metal layer having a high reflectance can be generally used. The reflector can be extended to the lower surface of the polarizer to serve as a reflective layer. The reflector is also useful as a light source fixing member. On the other hand, from the viewpoint of polarization maintenance, it is preferable that the aforementioned single-sided reflective layer 6 reflects as much as possible on one side. From this point of view, a reflective surface made of metal is particularly preferred. As this metal ', any appropriate metal such as inscription, silver, chromium, gold, copper, tin, zinc, surface, rainbow, phantom, and alloy thereof can be used.

89109116.ptc Page 25 45 57 0 4 __Case No. 891Q911R_Year Month Day_Revision V. Description of the invention (22)-The reflective layer 6 can be evaporated to a small thickness by vacuum evaporation of this metal on a polarizer ' It is formed by keeping it in direct contact with the polarizer. However, empty-deposited metals hardly cause total reflection. This reflective layer will cause some absorption. Therefore, taking into account the duplication caused by total reflection, the absorption loss can be observed. In order to suppress absorption loss, the arrangement is such that the reflector is stacked only on the polarizer 'so that an air layer is preferably interposed therebetween. Therefore, from this point of view, the reflector is preferably formed by sputtering or vacuum evaporation of metal to a small thickness on the supporting substrate. Alternatively, flat metal materials such as foils and metal roll sheets are preferred. Regarding the supporting substrate of the reflector, ° Use an appropriate material such as a glass plate and a resin sheet. In particular, from the viewpoint of the reflection β ratio, color, and handleability, it is preferable to use a resin sheet having silver or aluminum vacuum-deposited thereon. The reflective layer can be disposed on the surface of the polarizer. To form a planar polarized light source, one or more appropriate optical layers, such as the diffusion layer 7 shown in Fig. 3, may be provided at appropriate positions. There is no particular limitation on the optics used herein. For example, an appropriate material such as an optical layer for forming a liquid crystal display device may be used. Fig. 5 is a specific example of a surface-biased light source without the light diffusion layer 7. '' The polarization-maintaining light diffusion layer 7 is provided on the other surface of the polarizer 4 that is a laminate (that is, the surface of the polarizer that is not provided with the aforementioned single-sided reverse 2 layer) to make the laminate The emitted light (linearly polarized light) is diffused while maintaining its polarization as much as possible, so that the emission is uniform, so that it can improve its degree of 0. In addition, a light diffusing layer can be provided as needed to explain later

> 1 R R7 0 89109116 V. Description of the invention (23)

B The convex and concave shape on the lens is corrected to improve the visibility. In the present invention 'for the efficient use of the linearly polarized light emitted by the polarizer', if the optical layer 'especially a polarizing plate' is provided on the emitting surface of the polarizing tube, it is to be disposed between the polarizing plate and the polarizing tube. An optical layer is an optical layer that can exhibit excellent light transmittance and maintain linear polarization (polarization) of emitted light as much as possible without eliminating it. In particular, the optical layer exhibits a total light transmittance of 80% or more, and more preferably of 85% or more. 90% or more is particularly preferred, and exhibits a leakage percentage (transmittance) of less than 5%, more preferably less than 2%, and 1%. The following is particularly good, as developed by eliminating polarization through the arrangement of crossed Nicol prisms (crOss_Nicoi). Since polarization elimination is usually performed using birefringence or multiple scattering, an optical layer that exhibits polarization-maintaining properties can be produced by minimizing birefringence or reducing the number of average reflections (scattering) in a light track. From this point of view, the optical layer consists of resins with low birefringence (resins with good optical isotropy), such as cellulose triacetate-based resins, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, and norrene. The base resin is preferably formed. May use-or more of these resins. A light-diffusing layer having excellent polarization maintaining properties can be fine-grained on its surface by an appropriate method such as a method including dispersing transparent particles in a layer made of a resin having small birefringence. , And a method including roughing the surface of the resin layer. Examples of transparent particles that can be used for this include finely divided particles that are conductive materials such as silicon oxide, glass, titanium dioxide, zirconia, tin oxide, indium oxide, cadmium oxide, and antimony oxide, and are crosslinked by Finely divided particles made of or uncrosslinked polymer

Page 27 4557 04 ___Case No. 89109116__1Year Month _ Amendment-_ V. Description of the invention (24) ~ pellets, the polymer such as acrylic polymer, polyacrylonitrile, polyester, epoxy resin, melamine resin , Urethane-based resin, polycarbamate, polystyrene, polysiloxy resin, benzoguanamine, melamine-benzoguanamine condensate, and benzoguanamine-fluorenal condensate. One or more of these compounds can be used. From the viewpoint of light diffusivity and average diffusivity, the diameter of the transparent particles is preferably from 1 to 20 m. The particles may have any shape, however, in practice, spherical particles or secondary aggregates thereof may be used. In particular, from the viewpoint of the polarization maintaining property, it is preferable to use 'transparent particles having a refractive index of 0.9 to 1 with respect to resin'. The formation of a light diffusing layer with transparent particles added to the sheep can be accomplished by any suitable conventional method, such as including mixing a molten resin solution with transparent particles, and then extruding the mixture to form a moon material. A method for adding particles to a resin solution or a monomer, casting the mixture into a sheet, and then polymerizing the sheet as needed, and a method including coating a resin solution with transparent particles added to a predetermined surface or maintaining polarization ^ method. On the other hand, the film, on the other hand, can be formed by light diffusion with a fine roughened structure on its surface by any suitable method, such as through the use of rubbing, embossing, or embossing. A method of roughening the surface of the manufactured sheet, and a method including forming a light-transmitting material layer of a protrusion on the surface of the aforementioned sheet. However, it is not desirable to wrap; there is a method of roughness (protrusions) of refractive index difference formed between air bubbles such as air or titanium dihalide particles and light transmitting resin, since it will have a large s score. Hastily

4 5 57 0 4 Λ_η Amendment No. 89109116 V. Description of the invention (25) Depolarization. When referring to the micro-roughened structure on the surface of the light diffusion layer, from the viewpoint of light diffusivity or uniformity of diffusion, the surface roughness of the light diffusion layer ranges from not less than the wavelength of incident light to not more than 丨0 micron, and is preferably non-periodic. In order to form the light-diffusing layer of the type in which the transparent particles are added or the type of the roughened surface, from the viewpoint of polarization maintaining properties, etc., the bottom layer made of the light-transmitting resin is prevented from being caused by optical elasticity or orientation as much as possible. The increase in phase difference is better. One or more of these light diffusion layers may be provided on the emitting surface of the laminate. If there are two or more light diffusion layers, they may be the same or different. However, it is preferable that these light diffusion layers have the aforementioned polarization maintaining properties as a whole. For example, in the case of the aforementioned single-sided reflective layer, it is better to set the light diffusion layer to have a gap with respect to the laminate. From the viewpoint of total reflection, this gap is sufficiently larger than the wavelength of incident light.佳 c The polarization maintaining lens sheet 8 provided on the other surface of the laminate 4 in the specific example of FIG. 4, that is, on the surface of the laminate without a single-sided reflection layer, is to control the The light path of the scattered emitted light (linearly polarized light), while maintaining its polarization as much as possible, thus improving the directivity to the front, which is conducive to the image 'and therefore the intensity peak of the scattered emitted light appears in the forward direction. Regarding the lens sheet, any light path that can control the incident light received on one surface and emit it efficiently from the other surface in a direction (aspect) perpendicular to the surface of the sheet as efficiently as possible Appropriate materials. Therefore, the lens sheet is not particularly limited. Therefore, the conventional side-light type light can be used.

89109116, ptc page 29 45 57 Ο δ Λ_η-Correction__ Case No. 89109116 V. Description of the invention (26) Any material used in the tube with various lens forms, except for polarization maintaining properties (JP-A-5 -1 69 0 1 5). ^ As for the lens sheet used here, a lens sheet having excellent light transmittance that can prevent the polarization property of the emitted light from being eliminated can be used, for example, a total light transmittance of 80% or more is preferably 85% or more, Above 90% is particularly good, and the percentage of vapor leakage (transmittance) below 5%, more preferably below 2%, especially below 1%, such as by eliminating the polarization through the configuration of crossed Nicol prisms development of. Since polarization elimination occurs by birefringence or multiple scattering, the aforementioned lens sheet exhibiting polarization maintaining properties can be produced by minimizing birefringence or reducing the number of average reflections (scattering) in the light track. In more detail, the lens sheet can be formed by using one or more polymers exemplified with reference to a light-transmitting resin plate or a scattering polarizing plate, especially a tree with low birefringence (resin with good optical isotropy), Such as cellulose triacetate-based resins, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, and norberene-based resins. Regarding the lens sheet, it is possible to use a lens having an appropriate lens shape such as a region having many convex types or a refractive index distribution type (GI type) whose refractive index is controlled using a photopolymer or the like, and is formed in particular if necessary. Differently, the lens sheet of the transparent resin substrate of the emissivity resin (the micro lens area on or inside the transparent resin substrate) has a polymer having a refractive index different from that of the resin by filling many through holes provided in the transparent resin substrate. The lens sheet of the formed lens area and the single-layered lens sheet having a single layer holding a plurality of spherical lenses by a thin layer are viewed from the viewpoint of controlling the light path using the refractive index difference. 'The lens sheet is provided on either or both surfaces ( In particular, the shape of the special lens structure 8 1 of the roughened structure of the sheet 8 shown in FIG. 4 is more

89109116.ptc Page 30 455704

The roughened structure forming the aforementioned lens form may be any structure as long as the light path of the light transmitted by the M material can be controlled, and the transmitted light can be focused forward. Examples of the roughened structure include a linear groove or a striped or grid-like arrangement of protrusions having a triangular cross-section, and a dot-like arrangement of a plurality of conical minute protrusions such as a triangular pyramid, a quadrangular pyramid, and a polygonal pyramid at the bottom. The linear or dot-like granular structure may be a spherical lens, an aspherical lens, or a semi-cylindrical lens. Therefore, an appropriate lens form can be used. ^ The formation of the aforementioned lens with a linear or dot-like roughened structure can be accomplished by a suitable method, such as filling a resin solution or a resin-forming monomer into a mold for forming a predetermined roughened structure, and then if necessary A method of polymerizing a material 'to transfer a roughened form to a material, and a method including hot pressing a resin sheet on a mold' to transfer a roughened form to a resin sheet. The lens sheet can be formed from the same kind of material as the support sheet, for example, by providing a support sheet having a lens form. Alternatively, two or more different resin layers may be laminated to form a lens sheet. One or more lens sheets may be provided on the emitting surface of the laminate. If there are two or more lens sheets, they may be the same or different. However, it is better for these layers to maintain polarization as a whole to maintain properties. When the lens sheet is provided adjacent to the laminate (polarizing tube), it is preferable to arrange the gap therebetween. From the viewpoint of total reflection, it is better that this gap is sufficiently larger than the wavelength of incident light. In the case where the lens form in the lens sheet is made of a linear roughened structure, 'from the viewpoint of controlling the light path toward the front, the linear direction of the lens form is set to be parallel or perpendicular to the optical of the polarizing diffuser plate. axis

4 5 57 0 4 __Case No. 89109116__Car Moon Day__ V. Description of the invention (28) (oscillating plane that emits polarized light) is better. In the case where two or more such lens sheets are provided, from the viewpoint of controlling the light path, a configuration in which the linear directions of two vertically adjacent layers intersect each other is preferable. As shown in FIG. 4, one or more of the previously mentioned polarization-maintaining light diffusion layers 7 may be used to diffuse the emitted light (linearly polarized light) while maintaining its polarization as much as possible to make the emission uniform or relaxed. The image of the shape of the lens sheet, and thus the lens sheet 8 for improving visibility is disposed between the lens sheet and the laminate, or on the emission surface of the lens sheet, and on the emission surface of the laminate 4 as a polarizer. The light diffusion layer may be provided as a separate layer made of a flat material, or may be provided as a related layer integrated with the lens sheet. In the case where the light diffusing layer is provided adjacent to the laminate, as in the case of a lens sheet, the arrangement forming a gap therebetween is preferably β. If there are two or more light diffusing layers, they may be the same or different. However, it is better for these layers to maintain polarization maintenance properties as a whole. The optical layer to be set away from the polarizer may be bonded to the laminate by using an adhesive layer or the like, if necessary. However, it is preferable that an optical layer having a roughened surface structure such as the aforementioned roughened surface type light diffusion layer and a lens sheet having a roughened structure be provided with a gap. Therefore, an optical layer such as a diffusion layer may be provided as a separate layer made of a flat material, or a related layer in which other optical layers are tightly integrated may be provided. % 八 In the brother who uses the light diffusion layer 7 in combination with the lens sheet 8 as shown in FIG. 4, one or more light diffusion layers may be provided on the lens sheet and the polarizer and / or on the emitting surface of the lens sheet. Mentioned to have a lens sheet containing a lens form, controlled by the path of the light path facing forward

89109116.ptc Page 32 455704

Case No. 89109116 V. Description of the Invention (29) From the viewpoint of the configuration, the linear direction of the lens shape is parallel or perpendicular to the optical axis of the polarizing plate. When two or more such lens sheets are provided, from the viewpoint of the efficiency of the control of the light path, a configuration in which the linear directions of two vertically adjacent layers intersect each other is preferable. The polarizing tube shown in FIG. 6 includes a laminate 4 having a polarizing light scattering plate 3 in close contact with one or both surface portions of the light transmitting resin plate 1 through a light path 9. The light path 9 is shown in FIG. 6. It also acts as an adhesive layer interposed therebetween to control the amount of transmitted light received from the light-transmitting resin plate and the polarized light scattering plate. According to the foregoing description ', the use of an isolated configuration with a gap between the light-transmitting resin plate and the polarized light scattering plate interposed therebetween makes it possible to satisfy the condition regarding total reflection, and thus the transmitted light is held in the light-transmitting resin plate. Further, the transmitted light may be scattered via the light path 'so that it is introduced into the polarized light scattering plate from the light transmitting resin plate via the light path. In this process, ‘the amount of light received from the light-transmitting resin plate and the polarizing diffuser plate can be controlled by adjusting the configuration of the light path’, so that the brightness on the light pipe can be made uniform. Finally, the light path can be interposed between the light-transmitting resin plate and the polarizing light scattering plate so that the 'light path can be formed by any appropriate method. For example, the formation of a light-transmitting resin plate or a polarizing light scattering plate may be accompanied by a roughened structure formed on one or both surfaces thereof, thereby forming a roughened structure integral with the light-transmitting resin plate or a polarizing light scattering plate. A light transmitting resin plate and a polarizing light scattering plate are laminated with a roughened structure interposed therebetween. Alternatively, the light-transmitting resin plate and the polarizing light-scattering plate may be laminated with an insert of a sheet having a roughened structure formed as a light path. In addition, light can be transmitted

89109116.ptc P.33 4557 04 _Case No. 8910911ft_Year_Year_ ^ V. Description of the invention (30) Resin plates and polarized light scattering plates are coated on a light-transmitting resin plate or polarized light pattern by pattern through a reticle. Laminated inserts of coarse structure on one or both surfaces of the diffuser plate. Therefore, 'the light path may be integrally formed with the light transmitting resin plate or the polarizing light scattering plate' or may be formed separately from the light transmitting resin plate or the polarizing light scattering plate. The light path may be in a suitable form so that the light-transmitting resin plate and the polarizing light-scattering plate may be partially connected to each other, for example, a dot-like shape or a stripe-like shape. From the viewpoint of the ability to control the amount of incident light by contact with a light-transmitting resin plate or a polarizing light scattering plate, it is preferable to form the light path in a flat state on its contact surface. In the case where the light path is set as a convex portion of the roughened structure formed on the surface of the light-transmitting resin plate or the polarizing light scattering plate, it is caused by the adhesion of the convex portions and by the concave portions between the convex portions. From the viewpoint of total reflection, a roughened structure having a rectangular carrier surface as shown in FIG. 7 is preferable. In more detail, the concave portion 91 and the convex portion 92 (light path 9) have flat surfaces 93 and 95. Therefore, "from the viewpoint of total reflection", it is preferable that the light-transmitting resin plate and the polarizing-scattering plate have a flat surface in a region not in close contact with the light path. The aforementioned flat surface may have a fine roughened structure resulting from rough machining. However, from the viewpoint of total reflection or close contact, a flat surface is preferably as smooth as possible. In particular, it is preferable to set the flat surface as the contact surface in the light path to be flat so as to maintain close contact with the light-transmitting resin plate or the polarizing light scattering plate. In addition, as shown in FIG. 7, the light transmission of the light path made of the concave portion 91 is continuous on the resin plate side with a first differential curve having a continuous cross section and 94 corner portions.

89109] 16.ptc page 34 455704 _ case number 89109116 _ car month day _ amendment V. Description of the invention (31) It is better to have a smooth curve. If the corner portion on the light transmitting resin plate side of the light path has a sharp angle, it may cause bright spots and bright lines. The configuration of the light path can be appropriately determined by the desired amount of incident light to be received by the polarized light scattering plate. In the present invention, when the light source is disposed on the side of the light pipe to form a flat-biased light source, the brightness tends to increase toward the light source. In order to make the brightness of the entire emission surface of the light pipe uniform, the distribution density of the light path is changed, especially the configuration in which the distribution density of the light path per unit plane area increases as the distance from the light source increases. The distribution density of the light path can be changed stepwise or continuously. From the viewpoint of reducing the thickness of the light pipe, it is the length of the light path of the height difference between the concave portion and the convex portion in the roughened structure, that is, between the light transmitting resin plate and the polarizing light scattering plate. The thickness of the gap at the position of the light path is preferably small. When the thickness of the gap is large, more light leaks through this part to generate a light pool ', which reduces the percentage utilization of light. In order to prevent the percentage utilization of light 1 from decreasing and to ensure that the gap is larger than the wavelength of transmitted light, the aforementioned total reflection efficiency is obtained. The length of the light path is preferably from 0.05 to 1,000 microns, and more preferably below 500 microns. Up to 100 microns is particularly preferred. The light-transmitting resin plate is in contact with the part of the polarizing light-scattering plate that passes through the light path to achieve better by bonding the two components at its interface, so as to suppress the reflection from the interface as much as possible, thus promoting the light from the light-transmitting resin plate by the light path To the polarized light scattering plate. Adhesion is advantageous from the viewpoint of preventing shaft deviation. * Regarding the adhesion, as in the case of the aforementioned laminated polarized light scattering plate, any appropriate adhesive agent such as an adhesive agent, a hot-melt adhesive: an adhesive and a thermosetting adhesive are used. Use with excellent transparency and more

455704 day

Ji · Zheng Case No. 89] 09Π6 Five 'Description of the Invention (32) The adhesive material with the refractive index as close as possible to the component is shown in Figure 6 again. This adhesive can be used to form 4 2 = light transmitting resin plate 1 and polarized light. The diffusion plates 3 are adhered to each other. In order to form a plane-biased light source, an appropriate optical layer can be set at any suitable position, such as ^ ^ ^ w ϋ H. There are no special restrictions on this level. For example, any suitable optical layer used to form a liquid crystal display device, such as a two-phase plate and a liquid crystal cell, can be used. In this case, an adhesive layer or the like interposed therebetween can be used to keep the aforementioned lens sheet and light diffusion layer in close contact with the optical layer above. However, in a lens having a roughened structure> 1 In the case of roughening the surface-type light diffusion layer, the arrangement in which the aforementioned gap is provided is preferable. The various layers constituting the polarizer or the planar polarized light source may each include an ultraviolet light absorber such as a salicylate-based compound, a phenol-based compound, a benzodiacyl-based compound, a cyanoacrylate-based compound, and a nickel oxide added thereto. The compound-based compound 'has ultraviolet light absorption as needed. As described above, the polarizing tube and the planar polarized light source according to the present invention can provide linearly polarized light whose plane of polarization (polarization axis) is appropriately controlled, and therefore can be used in appropriate devices and applications using linearly polarized light, such as using Due to these advantages, a liquid crystal display device is formed. Example 1 200 parts (hereinafter referred to by weight) of "resin (51 ^ 131 ^ 8,543,111,111 manufactured by Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.)" and 800 parts of polycarbonate ("Pan 1 ite, manufactured by TEIJIN LTD." ) 20% by weight of digas methane solution is cast 'to form a polymer film with a thickness of 80 microns' and then make a page 89109116.ptc l 45 5 7 Ο 4 ___ Case No. 89109116_ _ V. Description of the invention (33) It is stretched at a temperature of 80 ° C and a traction ratio of 2.5 and rapidly cooled to obtain a polarized light scattering plate. The aforementioned polarized light scattering plate includes a crystal domain dispersed in The microcrystalline domains made of AS resin in the film made of polycarbonate exhibit refractive index differences of Δnl of 0.05, An2 of 0.001, and Δη3 of 0.001. The foregoing is measured by color under a polarizing microscope based on the phase difference. The average diameter of the minute crystal domains. As a result, the length in the Δηΐ direction was about 8 microns. Then, the aforementioned polarizing light scattering plate was bonded to the acrylic resin plate in a configuration where the Δ η 1 direction intersected the side surface at a 45 degree angle ( 2. Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. Rayon Co., Ltd.) to produce a polarized tube. Then, a cold-cathode ray tube was fixed to one side of the polarized tube using a lamp reflector made of a matte PET-based reflective sheet. A single-sided reflective sheet having a PET sheet on which silver was vacuum-evaporated was set on the lower surface of a polarized light scattering plate to obtain a planar polarized light source. Comparative Example 1 A planar light source was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1. In addition to using a reflective ink containing titanium white added to the surface of an acrylic resin plate with a thickness of 2 mm in a dot form, and then a white reflective plate made of foamed PE? Is set in acrylic acid A light pipe made on the same surface of a resin plate. Evaluation Test 1 The planar (biased) light sources prepared in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 were visually observed for their brightness in the forward direction and in the oblique direction. Results , The two light sources exhibit almost the same brightness β in the forward direction. However, when viewed obliquely, Example 1

455704 __Case No. 89109116_ Years and Months _ V. Description of the invention (34) The planar polarized light source exhibits superior brightness over a wider angle range than Comparative Example 1. On the other hand, a polarizing plate having a transmission axis in a direction of 45 degrees is set on a flat (polarized) light source. Then, in the same manner as described above, the brightness of the planar (biased) light source is measured. As a result, the light source of Comparative Example 1 exhibited approximately half the brightness due to the configuration of the polarizing plate. However, the flat polarized light source of Example 1 exhibited a slight decrease in brightness, and thus exhibited approximately twice the brightness of Comparative Example 1. brightness. Example 2 950 parts of norformamidine-based resin (manufactured by Arton, JSR Inc.) having a deflection temperature of 165 ° C and a glass transition temperature of 182 ° C, and 50 parts of a glass transition temperature of 80 ° C And a nematic liquid crystal temperature of 100 ° C to 290 ° C, a 20 weight percent solution of a gaseous methane solution of a liquid crystal polymer represented by the following formula is cast to form a polymer having a thickness of 100 microns The film was then stretched at a temperature of 1 80 ° C and a draw ratio of 3, and quickly cooled to obtain a polarized light scattering plate. r'C〇, H〇 per CH, the aforementioned polarizing light scattering plate includes a liquid crystal polymer dispersed in a transparent film made of a debenzene-based resin in the form of crystal domains having almost the same shape, and the stretching direction is In the longitudinal direction, refractive index differences of Δηΐ of 0.02, Δ2 of 0.029, and Δη3 of 0.029 are exhibited. The average diameter of the aforementioned minute crystal domains was measured by a phase difference using a color under a polarizing microscope. As a result, △ η 1 direction

89109116.ptc Page 38 '4 5 5 7 0 4

__Case No. 89109116 5. The length in the description of the invention (35) is about 5 microns. Then, the above-mentioned polarizing plate was bonded to a surface of an acrylic resin plate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) at a configuration that intersects the sides at a 45-degree angle in the Δηΐ direction, and a polarizing tube β was produced. A cold-cathode ray tube is fixed to one side of the polarizer using a lamp reflector made of a matte PET-based reflective sheet. A single-sided reflective sheet containing a PET sheet on which silver was vacuum-evaporated was set on the lower surface of a polarizing light-scattering plate to produce a planar polarized light source. Comparative Example 2 A flat light source was prepared in the same manner as in Example 2, except that a reflective ink containing titanium white was added in a dot-like form on one surface of a diene-based resin plate having a thickness of 2 mm, Then, a white reflection plate made of foamed ρΕτ is set on the same surface of an acrylic resin plate to obtain a light pipe. Evaluation Test 2 The brightness of the planar (biased) light source prepared in Example 2 and Comparative Example 2 was observed in the forward direction and the oblique direction, respectively. As a result, both light sources exhibit almost the same brightness in the forward direction. However, when viewed obliquely, the plane-biased light source of Example 2 exhibits a wider range of angles than that of Comparative Example 2. On the other hand, it will be on a 45-degree-square plane (biased) light source. Then the brightness of the (biased) light source. As a result, the brightness is reduced by about half as compared with the configuration. The polarizing plate having a transmission axis is set in the same manner as described above, and the measurement plane is higher than that of the light source of Example 2 due to the polarization degree.

89109116.ptc page 39 ^ 45 57 0 4 _89109116_ year month η χ_ 5. Description of the invention. 6) 'The light source exhibits very little decrease in brightness' and therefore exhibits approximately twice the brightness of Comparative Example 2. The planar polarized light source of Example 2 was allowed to stand for 100 hours in a 80-charge environment, and then operated again. As a result, the flat source of Example 2 did not show a decrease in brightness. As is apparent from the foregoing description, when the planar polarized light source according to the present invention is used as a backlight for a liquid crystal display device, a very bright display can be obtained. In addition, the 'planar polarized light source according to the present invention exhibits excellent thermal stability' and therefore can maintain its function for a long time. Example 3 950 parts of norbornene having a glass transition temperature of 182 ° C were olefin-based resin (manufactured by Arton 'JSR Inc.) and 50 parts of a liquid crystal polymer represented by the same general formula as in Example 2 20% by weight of the dioxane solution is cast to form a polymer film with a thickness of 100 microns, and then it is stretched at a temperature of 1 80 ° C and a draw ratio of 3, and rapidly cooled, and A polarizing light scattering plate was prepared. The thus obtained polarized light scattering plate exhibited the same refractive index differences Δηΐ, Δη2, and An3 as in Example 2, and the average minute region diameter. Next, the aforementioned polarizing light scattering plate was bonded to a surface of an acrylic resin plate (manufactured by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) in a configuration in which the sides intersected with the side surface at a 45-degree angle in the Δηΐ direction to obtain a laminate. A unidirectional reflective sheet containing a PET sheet on which silver was vacuum-evaporated was then placed on the lower surface of the laminate. At the same time, a light diffusing plate was set on the upper surface of the laminate to prepare a polarizer. A cold-cathode ray tube was then fixed to one side of the polarizer using a lamp reflector made of a matting PET-based reflective sheet. The aforementioned light diffusing plate is formed by using

89109116.ptc Page 40 455704 Case No. 8910fl11fi V. Description of the invention (37) The dream oxygen particles are added to 70 parts of the UV ray curing ring g, ,,, ± ^ ^ ^ is the U-shaped oxygen tree moon day, The mixture was stirred to make it 4 bubbles, and the material was coated with a thickness of rice on a surface of 80 micrometers thick triacetate fiber, and then the coated film was irradiated with a high amount of gas from a high tritium gas lamp, Cured in a light diffusion plate, the ratio of the refractive index of the polyoxygen particles to the cured epoxy resin was 0.95. In a configuration including a light diffusing plate interposed between orthogonal :: ϊ Γ's, the amount of light leaked due to the elimination of polarization is 0.7% of the total amount of incident light ^ Example 4 以A polarizing tube and a planar polarized light source were prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 and had a finely roughened surface I prepared by a method including the following steps. The structure of the material is used as a light diffusion plate: 10 parts of silicon oxide particles having an average diameter of 8 micrometers, 100 parts of UV-curable acrylaminocarbamate, 3 parts of benzophenone and ethyl acetate Stir at a high speed to obtain a dispersion with a solid content of 50% by weight. Apply the dispersion to the surface of a micron-thick cellulose acetate film. Dry the coated material so that the thickness of the coated film reaches 4 microns. Then, the light from the high-pressure mercury-containing lice lamp was irradiated at a cumulative dose of 0 millijoules per square centimeter of the coated name to cure it. … The light diffusion plate shows a refractive index of 0.93 of silica particles to the cured resin. The amount of light leaked due to the elimination of polarization is the porosity of the total amount of incident light. As measured with a surface roughness meter, the light diffusion plate exhibited a thickness of .5 microns. Sugar content Ra (value averaged at 10 points according to JIS B 060). Also _ compared to Example Π

455704-cable number 89109116__ 年月 目 偬 t_ V. Description of the invention (38) A flat light source was prepared in the same manner as in Example 3, except that the reflective ink containing titanium white was used to print it in a dot shape. A light pipe having a thickness of 2 mm on one surface of an acrylic resin plate, and then a white reflecting plate made of foamed pET was placed on the same surface of the acrylic resin plate. The polarizer and the planar polarized light source were prepared in the same manner as in Example 4 except that a light diffusion plate containing a polyester film instead of a cellulose triacetate film was used. The amount of light leakage is 5_ 2% of the incident light. 'Comparative Example 5 A polarizing tube and a planar polarized light source were produced in the same manner as in Example 3, except that a light diffusion plate was not provided.估 _Estimation test 3 The planar (biased) light sources prepared in Examples 3 and 4 and Comparative Examples 3 to 5 were each measured with a luminance meter (BM-7 'T0PC0N C0RP · made) in the forward direction and the center portion. Brightness and uniformity of brightness on the plane. The ratio of these measured values was determined according to Comparative Example 1. The results are described in the following table. Each number in the parentheses indicates the ratio of the measured brightness when a polarizing plate is disposed on a planar light source with a transmission axis at a 45-degree angle according to Comparative Example 1. 455704 __Case No. 891Q911g_ Year and month q Article 5. Explanation of the invention (39) Example 3 Regular brightness (with polarizing plate) 110 (100) Good uniformity Example 4 90 (80) Good comparative example 3 100 (40) Good comparison example 4 90 (50) Good comparison example 5 60 (50) Poor comparison with the comparison example 5 in the table above shows that the configuration of the light diffusion plate can greatly improve the brightness in the front and on the plane Brightness uniformity. Comparing the embodiment with the comparative example 3 shows that the embodiment emits linearly polarized light and shows a greatly improved brightness through the polarizing plate. Comparing the embodiment with the comparative example 4 shows that if the light diffusion plate is depolarized, the advantage of emitting linearly polarized light cannot be used. Therefore, it is apparent that when a planar polarized light source according to the present invention is used as a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, a brightness that is twice or more of a general value (Comparative Example 3) can be obtained, and it can achieve a very bright uniformity excellent display. Example 5 A layer was obtained by laminating a polarizing light scattering plate prepared in the same manner as in Example 3 and an acrylic resin plate used in Examples 1 and 3 in the same manner as in Examples 1 and 3. A composite (polarizing tube) ^ Then a unidirectional reflective sheet containing a PET sheet on which silver was vacuum-evaporated was placed on the lower surface of the laminate. At the same time, a light diffusing plate was set on the upper surface of the laminate to produce a polarizing tube. A cold-cathode ray tube was then fixed to one side of the polarizing tube using a lamp reflector made of a matte PET-based reflective moon. The aforementioned lens sheet is made of cellulose acetate resin with a thickness of 80 microns.

89109116, ptc Page 43 455704 Dagger_ Case No. 89109116_ Month a. V. Description of the invention (40) A triangle with a vertical angle of 90 degrees and a height of 80 micrometers is provided on a surface of the film at a distance of 350 micrometers. The cross-section is made of a stripe-shaped lens configuration of linear protrusions made of light-curing epoxy resin. The configuration is such that the lens shape is located on the upper side, and the square of the stripes is parallel to the aforementioned Δn2 direction. The lens sheet thus prepared, when set between crossed Nicol prisms, as measured using an integrating sphere, exhibits a transmittance of 1.0% of the total amount of incident light (the following is due to elimination The amount of light leakage due to polarization), so its polarization maintenance properties are excellent β Example 6 A polarizing tube and a planar polarized light source were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a method including the following steps was used The light diffusing plate is placed between the laminate and the lens sheet: 30 parts of polylithium oxide particles having an average diameter of 4 microns are added to 70 parts of a UV-curable epoxy resin, and the mixture is stirred to defoam 'Coat the material on one surface of an 80 micron thick cellulose triacetate film to a thickness of 30 micron, and then irradiate the coated material with a cumulative dose of 100,000 millijoules per square centimeter from high-pressure mercury vapor. The light of the lamp to cure it. 7%。 The aforementioned light diffusion plate due to the elimination of light due to polarization leakage is 0.7% of the total amount of incident light. Comparative Example fi A flat light source was prepared in the same manner as in Example 5, except that a reflective ink containing titanium white was added thereto in a dot-like form on a surface of an acrylic resin plate having a thickness of 2 mm, and then A light pipe made by setting a white reflecting plate made of foamed PET on the same surface of an acrylic resin plate.

89109116.ptc Page 44 455704 ___Case No. 89109116_ Year, Month, and Day Amendment ___ V. Description of the Invention (41) Comparative Implementation 丨 7 A polarizer and a planar polarized light source were prepared in the same manner as in Example 5, except that The polyester film replaces the lens sheet of the cellulose triacetate film, so that the amount of light leakage due to the elimination of polarization is 6.2% of the total incident light. Evaluation Test 4 Each of the planar (biased) light sources prepared in Examples 5 and 6 and Comparative Examples 6 and 7 was measured with a luminance meter (BM-7, manufactured by TOPCON CORP.) For the brightness in the forward central portion, And a commercially available absorption-type polarizing plate having a transmittance of 44% and a polarization of 99% so that the transmission axis is positioned at a 45-degree angle is set on a planar light source in a forward direction brightness. The ratio of these measured values was determined according to Comparative Example 6 without a polarizing plate. The results are described in the following table. The front brightness is not provided with a polarizing plate. Example 5 95 76 Example 6 98 77 Comparative Example 6 100 44 Comparative Example 7 95 48 The results in the table above show that the example can emit linearly polarized light and transmit polarization. Board while exhibiting greatly enhanced brightness. In addition, a comparison between the embodiment and the comparative example 7 shows that if the light diffusion plate is depolarized, the advantage of emitting linearly polarized light cannot be used. Therefore, it is apparent that when the planar polarized light source according to the present invention is used as a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, a brightness of 1.5 times or more of a general value (Comparative Example 1) can be obtained, so that it can achieve a very bright display.

S9109116.ptc Page 45 455704 '' ---- Serial No. 89109116 · _ Year Month η_ Correction __ V. Description of the Invention (42) In Embodiment 6, which includes a light diffusion plate incorporated therein, the lens The image of the linear pattern on the film is relaxed and the visibility is enhanced. Example 7 The same polarizing light-scattering plate as prepared in Example 3 was adhered to a city with a thickness of 2 mm by using an acrylic adhesive layer so that it intersects the side at a 45 degree angle in the direction of Δη1. One of the surfaces of the polycarbonate sheet was sold to produce a laminate. A unidirectional reflective sheet containing a pETE sheet on which silver was vacuum-evaporated was set on the lower surface of the laminate to produce a polarizing tube. Then, a cold-cathode ray tube was fixed to one side of the broad compound using a lamp reflector made of / Xiaoguang PET-based reflective sheet. The average phase difference in the plane of the aforementioned polycarbonate plate is 80 nm 'and the average retardation axis is parallel to its side (0 degree direction). The upper surface is implemented in the same manner as in Example 7 to obtain a plane. The light source was printed on a surface of an acrylic resin plate having a thickness of 2 mm in a dot shape by using a reflection ink containing “white” added thereto, and then a white reflection plate made of foamed PET was set on acrylic It is a light pipe made on the same surface of a resin plate. Comparative Example 9 A polarizer and a planar polarized light source were prepared in the same manner as in Example 7, except that an acrylic resin plate (average difference in the plane: 5 nm or less) was used instead of the polycarbonate plate. Evaluation Test 5 The absorbing polarizing plate is sold so that the transmission position is arranged at a 45-degree angle.

455704 _ 索 号 89109116_ Engagement: ιΤ V. Description of the invention (43) ''-It is provided in Example 7 and Comparative Examples 8 and 9 which are manufactured in Xixia Second, &, τ 农 付 & lt On ten-sided (biased) light source. The brightness of these arrangements in the forward order was measured visually. In Mengguo, the accuracy is in accordance with the order 1 of Example 1, Comparative Example 9, and Comparative Example 8 and the brightness difference is small. The difference in brightness between Comparative Example 9 and Comparative Example 8 is significantly larger than the difference in brightness between Example 7 and Comparative Example g. As can be seen from the foregoing description, when the polarizing plate is not provided, the brightness of Example 7 and Comparative Examples 8 and 9 which are visually observed in the forward direction are almost the same, and therefore, it is hardly distinguishable. It can be seen that the brightness difference between Example 7 and Comparative Example 8 in a configuration with a polarizing plate allows it to pass through the polarizing plate in Example 7 and greatly enhance the brightness of linearly polarized light. As described above, when the planar polarized light source according to the present invention is used as a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, the brightness can be greatly improved 'so that it can achieve a very bright display. Example 8 A toluene solution of a hot-melt resin (manufactured by Evaflex 'Du Pont) was passed through a pattern pattern having a plurality of through holes having a diameter of 1 mm, and applied to the same polarized light scattering plate prepared in Example 3. On one surface, it is then dried to form a light path with 10 microns south that is scarce on its light source side and dense on its opposite side. Then, the aforementioned polarizing light scattering plate was arranged so that it intersects its side in the direction of A n 1 so that the light path is interposed therebetween and heat-pressed onto a part of an acrylic resin plate (made by Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd.) having a thickness of 2 mm. On the surface, the light source is arranged at a 45 degree angle to make a polarizing tube. A single-sided reflective sheet containing a PET sheet on which silver vacuum evaporates is set on a polarizer.

89109116.pic Page 47 ^ 557 04- _Case No. 891 (1fl11fi_year month _____ V. Description of the invention ¢ 44) The lower surface. At the same time, a cold-cathode ray tube is fixed to one side of the polarizing tube using a lamp reflector made of a matting PET-based reflective sheet, thereby producing a planar polarized light source. Comparative Example 10 A flat light source was prepared in the same manner as in Example 8, except that a reflective ink containing titanium white was added thereto in a dot-like form on a surface of an acrylic resin plate having a thickness of 2 mm, and then Then, a white reflective plate made of foamed PET is set on the same surface of an acrylic resin plate to obtain a light pipe. Comparative Example 11 A polarizing tube and a planar polarized light source were prepared in the same manner as in Example 8, except that hot-melt adhesive was applied to the entire surface of one surface of the polarizing light scattering plate, and then the polarizing light scattering plate was completely bonded to the acrylic resin Board, with a hot melt adhesive layer in between. Evaluation Test 6 A commercially available absorptive polarizing plate having a transmittance of 44% and a polarization degree of 99% so that the transmission axis is positioned at a 45-degree angle is set in Example 8 and Comparative Examples 10 and 1 On the flat (biased) light source prepared in 1. The results of visually measuring the brightness β of each of these configurations, compared with Comparative Example 丨 0, show that Example 8 and Comparative Example 11 show greatly improved brightness through the polarizing plate, and therefore, linearly polarized light can be emitted from a planar light source. On the other hand, Comparative Example 11 is brighter toward the light source and less bright as the distance from the light source increases, which shows a large change in brightness. However, Example 8 did not show a visual difference in brightness over its entire surface, because

89109116.ptc Page 48 d557 〇J ^ 891〇 9116 Amended 5. Description of the invention (45) Therefore, its brightness uniformity is excellent. As mentioned above, when the planar polarized light source according to the present invention is used as a backlight of a liquid crystal display device, the percentage utilization of light can be greatly improved, so that it can achieve a bright, excellent brightness uniformity and good visibility. display. Although the present invention has been described in terms of its preferred form with a specific degree of specificity, it should be understood that the disclosure of this preferred form can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, such as the one filed in the following patent application, as to its structural details And the combination and configuration of its various parts. Description of component number 1 Light transmitting resin plate 2 Adhesive layer 3 Polarizing light scattering plate 4 Laminate 5 Light source 6 Single-sided reflective layer 7 Diffusion layer 8 Lens sheet 9 Light path 51 Reflector 81 Special lens structure 91 Concave portion 92 Outward convex Part 93 flat surface 94 corner part 95 flat surface

89109116.ptc Page 49 455704 _Case No. 89109116_ Year Month Revision _ The drawing is briefly illustrated in the drawings: FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a specific example of a polarizer according to the present invention; FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view according to the present invention; Sectional view of another specific example of a polarizer; FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a specific example of a planar polarized light source according to the present invention; FIG. 4 is a sectional view of another specific example of a planar polarized light source according to the present invention; FIG. 6 is a sectional view of still another specific example of the planar polarized light source according to the present invention; FIG. 6 is a sectional view of still another specific example of the planar polarized light source according to the present invention; and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a cross-sectional shape of a light path .

89109116.ptc Page 50

Claims (1)

4 5 57 Ο 4 -------- Amendment on the 6th day of the month 6. Application for a patent ---- 1. A polarizer includes: a light-transmitting resin plate; and a layer of at least 5 x-ray-transmitting resin plates -Polarizing light scattering plate on the surface 'The polarizing light scattering plate has minute birefringent crystal domains dispersed therein, and exhibits anisotropy of scattering depending on the polarization direction. 2. For example, the polarizing tube of item i of the patent scope, wherein the polarizing light scattering plate includes a transparent film having a minute crystal domain, and a refractive index difference A between the minute crystal domain and other parts of the transparent film in an optical rotation direction. nl is 0.03 or more, which is the maximum among the refractive index differences of different optical axes of the microcrystalline domain, and the refractive index difference of the other two axial directions perpendicular to the Δ nl direction and one of Δη3 is Δ η 1 50% or less' and Δ η 2 and Δ η 3 are equal to each other. 3 'h t please the polarizer of item 2 of the patent scope' wherein the Δ η 1 direction in the polarized light scattering plate is parallel to the surface of the transparent film. 4. The polarizing tube according to item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the light transmitting resin plate and the polarizing light scattering plate are laminated with an acrylic adhesive layer interposed therebetween. 5. A kind of polarized light source, including: a polarizing tube as described in any one of the scope of the patent application] to 4; a light source provided on at least one side of the polarizing tube; and one of two surfaces of the polarizing tube One-way reflective layer. 6. A polarizing tube comprising: a light transmitting resin plate; and a layer of polarizing light scattering plate on at least the surface of the light transmitting resin plate. The polarizing light scattering plate has minute birefringent crystal domains dispersed therein, To show the anisotropy of scattering depending on the direction of polarization, 6. The scope of the patent application where the polarizing light scattering plate includes a transparent thin ridge with a small crystal domain, which includes a nematic at a temperature lower than the glass transition temperature of the polymer constituting other parts of the transparent film, and Has 50. A liquid crystal polymer having a glass transition temperature above 〇. 7. The polarizer according to item 6 of the patent scope of Shensing, wherein the polymer constituting the transparent film has a deflection temperature of 8 (TC or more and a glass transition temperature of 11 () t or more under load. 8 · 如The polarizing tube of the first scope of the patent application, wherein the refractive index difference Anl of the optical direction between the minute crystal domain and other parts of the transparent thin film is 0_03 or more, which is in the refractive index difference between different optical axes of the minute crystal domain. Is the maximum value, and the refractive index difference Δη2 of one of the other two axes perpendicular to the Δηΐ direction is Δη2 equal to or less than 50% of Δηΐ, and Δ112 and 113 are equal to each other. The polarizing tube 'wherein the Δηΐ direction in the transparent film is parallel to the surface of the transparent film.' 1 (K as the polarizing tube of the first patent application range, wherein the light transmitting resin plate and the side polarizing light scattering plate are interposed The acrylic adhesive layer interposed therebetween is laminated. Π. —A kind of polarized light source, including: a polarizing tube as in any one of claims 6 to 10 of the scope of patent application; provided on at least one side of the polarizing tube Light source; and on both surfaces of the polarizer A unidirectional reflective layer provided on the substrate 12. A polarizing tube comprising: a laminate having a birefringent light-transmitting resin plate and a polarizing light-scattering plate laminated on at least one surface of the light-transmitting resin plate, the The polarized light scattering plate has tiny birefringent crystal domains dispersed therein to show scattering in accordance with the polarization direction 89109116.ptc Page 52 4 5 5 7 0 4 Case No. 89109116 _Amendment ______________ 6. Anisotropy of patent application scope; and a single-sided reflective layer provided on one surface of the laminate. 1 3. The polarizing tube according to item 12 of the scope of patent application, wherein the phase difference due to the average phase difference in the plane of the light transmitting resin plate is at least 50 nm due to the birefringence of the light transmitting resin plate. 14. The polarizing tube according to item 13 of the application, wherein the retardation axis of the light transmitting resin plate in the laminate and the optical axis of the polarizing light scattering plate intersect each other at an angle of 5 degrees or more. 15. A type of polarized light source, including: a polarizing tube such as any one of items 12 to 14 of the scope of patent application; and a light source provided on at least one side of the polarizing tube. 16. A polarizing tube comprising: a laminate having a light-transmitting resin plate and a polarizing light-scattering plate laminated on at least one surface of the light-transmitting resin plate, the polarizing light-scattering plate having tiny double particles dispersed therein Refracted crystal domains to exhibit anisotropy of scattering depending on the direction of polarization; a unidirectional reflective layer provided on the first surface of the laminate; and an electrode provided on the second surface of the laminate To maintain the light diffusion layer. 17. The polarizing tube according to item 16 of the patent application, wherein the light diffusing layer includes one of the following: (i) optics having transparent particles dispersed in the refractive index ratio from 0.9 to 1.1, etc. A directional light transmitting resin layer, and (ii) an optical isotropic light transmitting resin layer having a finely roughened surface structure. 18. The polarizing tube according to item 17 of the scope of patent application, wherein the optically isotropic light transmitting resin is cellulose acetate triacetate-based resin, polymethacrylate 89109116.ptc Page 53 4 5 5 7 0 4 Request No. 89109116_Year Month Date You, no __ 6. Scope of patent application At least one of ester, polycarbonate and norbornene-based resin. 1 9 _ A polarized light source, including: a polarizing tube according to any one of claims 6 to 18; and a light source provided on at least one side of the polarizing tube. 20. A polarizing tube comprising: a laminate having a light-transmitting resin plate, and a polarizing light scattering plate laminated on at least one surface of the light-transmitting resin plate; the polarizing light-scattering plate has tiny double particles dispersed therein; Refracted crystal domains to exhibit anisotropy of scattering depending on the direction of polarization; a unidirectional reflective layer provided on the first surface of the laminate; and an electrode provided on the second surface of the laminate To maintain the lens sheet. 21. The polarizing tube of claim 20, wherein the lens sheet includes one or more resins having low birefringence. 22. The polarizing tube according to claim 20, wherein the lens sheet includes at least one of a cellulose triacetate-based resin, a polyacrylic acid acrylic ester, a polycarbonate, and a norylene resin. 23_ The polarizing tube according to the scope of application for patent No. 20, wherein the lens sheet has a linear or dot-like roughening structure provided on one of its surfaces. 24. The polarizing tube according to item 23 of the patent application, wherein the lens sheet has a linear roughening structure 'and the linear direction is parallel or perpendicular to the optical axis of the polarized light scattering plate. 25. For example, the polarization tube of claim 20 of the patent scope further includes a polarization maintaining light diffusion layer provided between the lens sheet and the laminate or on the emitting surface of the lens sheet. 89109116-ptc Page 54 455704 ____ Case No. 89109116 ___ month_day_amendment__ Sixth, the scope of patent application 26.-a kind of polarized light source 'includes: such as the application of any of the polarized light tubes in the range of 20 to 25; And a light source disposed on one side of the polarizer. 27. A polarizing tube comprising: a light transmitting resin plate; a polarizing light scattering plate laminated on at least one surface of the light transmitting resin plate, the polarizing light scattering plate having minute birefringent crystal domains dispersed therein, Change the direction to display the anisotropy of scattering; and interposed between the light-transmitting resin plate and the polarizing light-scattering plate, so that the light-transmitting resin plate and the polarizing light-scattering plate are partially bonded so that they closely contact the light path . 28. The polarizing tube according to item 27 of the application, wherein the light path includes a convex portion in a roughened structure provided on one of a light transmitting resin plate and a polarizing light scattering plate, and the roughening The structure has a rectangular cross section including a flat surface on its concave and convex portions. 29. The polarizing tube according to item 27 of the application, wherein the light path has a change in distribution density. 30. The polarizing tube according to item 27 of the patent application, wherein the length of the light path is from 0.5 to 1,000 microns. 31. The polarizing tube according to item 27 of the application, wherein the light transmitting resin plate side of the light path has a continuous first differential curve section without sharp corners. 32. The polarizing tube according to item 27 of the application, wherein the light path is made of an adhesive material. 33. If you apply for a polarizer in item 27 of the scope of patent application, it also includes 89109116.ptc Page 55 4557 04 Case No. 89109116 said Amendment 6. Scope of patent application The polarization maintaining reflection layer on one of the two surfaces of the light pipe. 34. The polarizer of claim 27, further comprising a polarization maintaining light diffusion layer on one of the two surfaces of the polarizer. 3 5. The polarizing tube according to item 27 of the patent application scope, further comprising a polarization maintaining lens sheet on one of the two surfaces of the polarizing tube. 36 · A kind of polarized light source, Jushe • 士 由 # 毪 之 偏 # a. «For example, the polarized tube of any one of the light set on the side of the 27th to 35th patent scope, and the polarized tube, source. J