4525 1 Ο Α7 Β7 1 五、發明説明（丨） 本發明是關於一種在其壁上形成具備丨縱向槽i之管構件的 —·_···.·.，· — .. _.[ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 方法。藉由例子，此管構件之一是一盲破裂'桿鉚釘（b 1 i nd breakstera rivet)的管殼，其型式爲設有多縱向槽，俾使 當鉚釘由殻的軸向壓縮部分所設定時，殻變形成很多向外 Λ 突出的腿，腿提供1盲頭..(ibl ind head)，其具有與工件嚙 合之相當大的徑向尺寸。具備有槽之殼的此盲鉚釘的例子 以BULBEX和TLR爲註冊商標而銷售。然而，此縱向有槽的 構件可用於很多其他目的。 術語「槽」意欲包含二種結構，在一種結構中*有一間 隙在由槽分離之管構件材料部分的邊緣或壁之間，在另一 種結構中，槽的二邊緣或壁互相接觸，材料具有機械不連 續性。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 此有槽構件通常爲金屬》由於是較軟的金屬，諸如鋁， 在一管胚料中形成槽通常是藉由驅動一硬很多的材料，諸 如鋼，之緊密配合工具通過胚料孔，工具承載很多徑向突 出的縱向肋，其徑向高度各等於至少管胚料的壁厚。每一 肋形成一對應縱向槽於胚料中。然而，如果此方法應用於 鋼的管胚料，則發現工具，特別是肋的前端，發生迅速和 過度的磨指_。 本發明打算提供一種形琪管構件的新方法，其壁內具備 縱向槽，可克服此問題》 因此，在本發明之一特色中’提供一種形成管構件的方 法，管構件具備沿著其部分壁的槽，該方法揭示於申請専 利範圍第1項中。 -3- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐) ' 452510 A7 B7 五、發明説明（> ) 本發明的其他特性掲示於申請專利範圔第2至16項中》 本發明包含一管構件，其已由一依據本發明之方法形成， 如申請專利範圍第16項所揭示者。 本發明的某些特例現在將藉由例子並參考附圖而說明， .其中： 第la至1ί圖顯示在一例示方法期間之胚料的連續構造 1 第2d至2h圖各對應於第Id至lh圖，且繪示一第二例示 方法*其爲第一例的修改； 第至3h圖各對應於第Id至lh圖，且繪示一第三例示 方法，其爲第一例的不同修改： 第4圖繪示一盲鉚釘總成，其附設一依據本發明而製造 的管殻：而 ..第5a和5b圖顯示就定位狀況的第4圖之鉚釘。 術語「胚料j用於指示在所有這些連續構造中的管構件 ，而成品除外。 在第1、2和3圖中，胚料至少以縱軸向剖面顯示，在某 些圖中亦以橫剖面顯示，橫剖面係以縱向剖面的有箭頭剖 面線所作者。在某些圖中，亦顯示含有胚料的模和一衝頭 和/或頂出器* 在例中，胚料典型上爲低碳鋼，且設計成用於製造一約 爲5公厘外徑的鉚釘殻。用於製造過程的衝頭和模是由工 具鋼製成》製造方法利用一級進式冷鍛頭機執行，其型式 係製造此鉚釘殼和其他物件所常用者，且爲專精於此技藝 -4- 本紙張又度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4规格（210X297公釐） (請先聞讀背面之注$項再C寫本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製4525 1 Ο Α7 Β7 1 V. Description of the invention (丨) The present invention relates to the formation of a pipe member with a longitudinal groove i on its wall........ Please read the notes on the back before filling this page) method. By way of example, one of the pipe members is a blind rupture rivet (b 1 i nd breakstera rivet) shell, which is provided with multiple longitudinal grooves, so that when the rivet is set by the axially compressed portion of the shell At this time, the shell deforms into a number of legs that protrude outward, and the legs provide a blind head .. They have a relatively large radial dimension that engages the workpiece. An example of this blind rivet with a slotted shell is sold under the registered trademarks BULBEX and TLR. However, this longitudinally slotted member can be used for many other purposes. The term "slot" is intended to encompass two structures. In one structure * there is a gap between the edges or walls of the material part of the pipe member separated by the slot. In another structure, the two edges or walls of the slot contact each other. Mechanical discontinuities. The slotted member printed by the employee's consumer cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is usually metal. Because it is a softer metal, such as aluminum, forming a slot in a tube blank is usually driven by a much harder material, such as steel. The tight-fitting tool passes through the blank hole, and the tool carries a number of radially protruding longitudinal ribs, each having a radial height equal to at least the wall thickness of the tube blank. Each rib forms a corresponding longitudinal groove in the blank. However, if this method is applied to tube blanks of steel, it is found that the tools, especially the front end of the ribs, are subject to rapid and excessive wear. The present invention intends to provide a new method for forming a pipe member with longitudinal grooves in the wall, which can overcome this problem. Therefore, in a feature of the present invention, 'a method for forming a pipe member is provided, and the pipe member is provided with a part along the part thereof. This method is disclosed in item 1 of the scope of application. -3- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm) '452510 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (>) Other characteristics of the invention are shown in the patent application No. 2 to 16 " The invention includes a tube member which has been formed by a method according to the invention, as disclosed in item 16 of the scope of patent application. Certain special cases of the present invention will now be explained by way of example and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figures 1 to 1 show the continuous structure of the blanks during an exemplary method 1 Figures 2d to 2h each correspond to Figures Id to 1h Figure lh, and a second example method * is shown; it is a modification of the first example; Figures 1-3h each correspond to Figures Id to lh, and a third example method is shown, which is a different modification of the first example : Figure 4 shows a blind rivet assembly with a shell made in accordance with the present invention: and Figures 5a and 5b show the rivets of Figure 4 in terms of positioning. The term "blank j" is used to indicate pipe members in all of these continuous configurations, with the exception of the finished product. In Figures 1, 2 and 3, the blank is shown at least in longitudinal and axial sections, and in some figures also in horizontal The cross-section shows that the cross-section is authored with arrowed cross-sections in the longitudinal section. In some figures, the die containing the blank and a punch and / or ejector are also shown * In the example, the blank is typically Low carbon steel and designed to make a rivet shell with an outer diameter of about 5 mm. The punches and dies used in the manufacturing process are made of tool steel. The manufacturing method is performed using a single-stage cold forging head machine. Its type is commonly used in the manufacture of this rivet shell and other objects, and is specialized in this technique. -4- This paper is also applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (please read the note on the back first) $ 项 再 C write this page) Order printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs
者所熟知和瞭解 於是，首先參考第la圖，一胚料11已由從線材切除的 圓柱形毛胚形成，且已在頭端部形成一頭12和一推拔軸向 凹陷13 »它供應至一模14，模14爲圓柱形|具備在模周 圍隔離成9CTC的四縱向肋15。如第la圖所示，肋爲三角 形剖面*具備夾成90°C之頂角和一很尖的冠部。 然後，一衝頭被驅入胚料的凹陷13。衝頭16與一前喘 具有環形凹部18的彈簧負載工具17共軸，以套在胚料頭 周圍。衝頭和工具驅動胚料入模內，如第lb圖所示，直到 .胚料前端接觸模底（其由一頂出銷21端面提供）且胚料頭 下側接觸模面爲止》如第lb和lc圖所示，衝頭16的直徑 頗小於肋15的對立冠部之間的徑向距離。衝頭16的連續 移入模14促使胚料的材料向上而於衝頭16周圍的向後擠 製，共軸向工具17抗拒其彈簧負載而上升。模14中的肋 15已在向後擠製胚料的外面中形成縱向溝槽19，如第lc 圖所示。溝槽自胚料頭下之面附近延伸至胚料的遠端*衝 頭16被驅入模內，僅遠到足以使其前端與模的端壁相隔一 距離，該距離使一厚腹板22留在胚料的端部，如第lc和 Id圖所示。 衝頭16和工具17現在退卻，而胚料被頂卑器21自模頂 出。胚料是第Id圖所示的形狀，現在將以號碼23代表。 胚料之大部份長度包括四全厚度縱向區域34 *各由一薄縱 向腹板35連接至下一個，顯示於第Id圖•胚料23現在插 入次一模24*如第le圖所示（其亦顯示一進入胚料23的衝 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） (請先閣讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) .X ·It is well known and understood by the person. First, referring to FIG. 1a, a blank 11 has been formed from a cylindrical hair blank cut from a wire, and a head 12 and a push-out axial depression 13 have been formed at the head end. It is supplied to One die 14, which is cylindrical | cylindrical | has four longitudinal ribs 15 separated by 9CTC around the die. As shown in Figure la, the ribs have a triangular cross section * with an apex angle of 90 ° C and a sharp crown. Then, a punch is driven into the depression 13 of the blank. The punch 16 is coaxial with a spring-loaded tool 17 having a ring-shaped recess 18 to fit around the blank head. The punch and tool drive the blank into the mold, as shown in Figure lb, until the front end of the blank contacts the bottom of the die (which is provided by the end of an ejector pin 21) and the lower side of the blank contacts the die. As shown in the diagrams lb and lc, the diameter of the punch 16 is considerably smaller than the radial distance between the opposing crowns of the ribs 15. The continuous movement of the punch 16 into the die 14 causes the material of the blank to be upwardly squeezed backward around the punch 16, and the co-axial tool 17 rises against its spring load. The ribs 15 in the die 14 have formed longitudinal grooves 19 in the outer face of the backward extruded blank, as shown in Fig. 1c. The groove extends from the vicinity of the lower face of the blank head to the distal end of the blank. The punch 16 is driven into the die only far enough to separate the front end of the blank from the end wall of the die, which distance makes a thick web. 22 remains at the end of the blank, as shown in Figures lc and Id. The punch 16 and the tool 17 are now retracted, and the blank is ejected from the die by the ejector 21. The blank is the shape shown in Figure Id and will now be represented by the number 23. Most of the length of the blank includes four full-thickness longitudinal areas 34 * each connected by a thin longitudinal web 35 to the next, shown in Figure Id • The blank 23 is now inserted in the second mold 24 * as shown in Figure le (It also shows that the size of a punched paper entering the blank 23 applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page). X ·
•IT 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 45 25 1 Ο Α7 Β7 五'發明説明（氺） 頭25)。模24的下端由頂出銷26的頂面提供。模的內端部 分27，鄰近於頂出器26，和模24的外端部分28係適當直 徑，以配合胚料23的外徑。然而，模之一長中間部分29 的直徑比胚料23大。此放大部分29由一推拔部分31、32 合併至每一小直徑端部分27、28 * 當胚料23已完全插入模24以致於其底端接觸頂出銷26' 且其頭下的表面頂靠模的外面時，胚料的腹板22包含於直 徑減少之模的內端部分27。一圓柱形衝頭25被驅入胚料 。第le圖繪示此過程的開始。衝頭具有一大於胚料23孔 的主要直徑，且具有一去角的前緣33以便利於它進入胚料 孔。當衝頭25漸漸進入模，它使胚料23徑向膨脹》此藉 由使四薄腹板35破裂，至少是在其大部分長度，而具有使. 四全厚度縱向區域34爆開的效應，以提供如第I f圖所示 的四間隙36 »薄腹板35中的材料硬化至遠大於胚料其他 部分的程度•此與腹板內的應力集中有助於它們的破裂。 第If圖顯示衝頭25的最完全穿入胚料*衝頭的底端面對 立於模的下推拔部分31，且略微隔離於胚料的腹板部分22 。間隙未延伸至胚料端部的腹板部分。由於模之推拔部分 31，32的效應，每一間隙36端部之寬度爲推拔。 **·.-.- 衝頭25現在退卻，頂出銷26被引動以強迫胚料向後離 開模24。第lg圖顯示此作用之一中間階段。當胚料之主 要部分，係四縱向區域34的形狀，被推動通過推拔部分32 和模之直徑減少的外部分28，四區域34被迫徑向向內， 於是關閉四縱向間隙36。第lh圖顯示在此過程已完-成後一 -6- 本紙浪尺度適用中國國家標率（CNS > Μ規格（210X297公釐） ' (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填驚，本頁) 訂 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 4 5 2 5 1 〇 Α7 Β7 ' 五、發明说明（) 請 先 閲 讀 背 之 注 意 事 項 再 填 I 頁 之胚料·的形狀。每對鄰近的縱向區域34之邊緣在管構件內 壁附近互相接觸’其間有一實際上爲零厚度（即’物理不連 續）的槽37，和一在構件外側下的溝槽。 形狀爲第lh圖所示的胚料接著插入另一模（未顯示）’在 該處，胚料端部的腹板部分22由一適當工具（未顯示）移走 ，如第li圖示意性表示者。此留下製造完成的管狀有槽構 件，如第1 i圖的3 8所示。 專精於級進式冷鍛頭技藝者將瞭解’允許二模頭鍛且形 成凹陷於第la圖中的初始胚料11 ’二模14和24，和另一 模用於移走端部腹板，則此例示製造過程可在5站級進式 冷鍛頭上執行6 第2圖繪示例示方法之一修改，係參考第1圖而說明。 在第2圖中，第2d至2h圖各對應於第Id至lh圓。爲了易 於比較和了解，相同的部.分以相同的參考號碼代表，對應 的部分以相同的參考號碼加100代表。 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製. 此修改中的唯一實質不同是模124具有一直徑略大的口 。此由第2e和2f圖可明白，其顯示一環形間隙41介於胚 料23和鄰近於其口之模的外部分28之間《'此之效應是， 當胚料頂出，其徑向放大部分減少至略大於其原始尺寸的 直徑。結果，四縱向部分134未互相以邊緣對邊緣接觸， 而是以狹窄間隙137分離，如第2h圖所示。 又一例顯示於第3d至3h圖，其亦各對應於第Id至lh圖 。再次地，相同的部分賦予相同的參考號碼，對應的部分 以相同的參考號碼加200代表。此亦爲該第一例示方法的 匕紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（〇^>八4規格（210><297公楚：） I45 25 1 Ο Α7 Β7 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明 ( L ) 修 改 9 但 爲 比剛 剛說明者幅度更大的修改》 在 此 例 中 ，徑 向膨脹以前的管胚料223實際上具有沿著 其 內 面 的 四 等間 隔縱向溝槽219 »胚料孔實際上爲正方形 剖 面 ί 如 第 3d圖所繪示。此係利用將第1圖所繪示者修改 之 —- 模和 衝 頭而 達成。模將爲圓柱形剖面，衝頭爲正方形 剖 面 0 專 精 於冷 鍛技藝的人將易於了解如何設此一模和衝 頭 其 爲 第 1圖 所示者的相反。其他不同是，製成此形狀 的 胚 料 具 有 一完 全通過它而延伸的孔，無腹板跨越端部， qit si 然 對 晦 應 的 尾端 部分可加厚，如第3d圇的222。 胚 料 的 徑 向膨 脹是藉由一模22 4和衝頭225。衝頭225 具 有 直 徑 減 少的 端部分44,其套入胚料孔的遠端部分內， 於 第 1 和 2圖中 ，該處係腹板部分22。胚料的此徑向膨脹 ♦ 和 其 白 模 頂出 時之接續的直徑減少，實質上相同於參考 第 1 圓 而 在第一 例示方法所說明者。製造完成的管構件238 之 唯 一 實 質 不同 是，其四縱向部分234由縱向內溝槽分離 每. 一 溝 槽 導向 一在管構使外側附近的零厚度槽237。管 構 件 端 部 沒 有腹板待移走，於是，此製造過程可以在四站 锻 頭 上 執 行 A 第 4 ΓΒΠ 圖 繪 示一 諸如38、138或238的管構件如何使用於 一 盲 鉚 釘 中 ’組 裝於一具有桿頭42的桿1上。當鉚釘放好 > 藉 由 軸 向 壓迫 殻 38、138 或 238、在四槽 37 ' 137 或 237 的 殼 部 分 » 以形 成四向外折叠的腿43，如第5圖所示。 繪 示 於 第 2h圖的管構件13S之結構特別有利於充當一盲 鉚 釘 殼 4» 殼 之一 中間長度部分具有相對於其端部徑向向外 -8- 面 之 注 頁 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐）• Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of IT and Economy 45 25 1 〇 Α7 Β7 5 'Invention Description (氺) Head 25). The lower end of the die 24 is provided by the top surface of the ejector pin 26. The inner end portion 27 of the mold is adjacent to the ejector 26, and the outer end portion 28 of the mold 24 is appropriately diameter to match the outer diameter of the blank 23. However, the diameter of one of the long middle portions 29 is larger than that of the blank 23. This enlarged portion 29 is merged by a push-out portion 31, 32 to each of the small-diameter end portions 27, 28 * when the blank 23 has been fully inserted into the mold 24 so that its bottom end contacts the ejection pin 26 'and the surface under its head When pressed against the outside of the mold, the web 22 of the blank is contained in the inner end portion 27 of the reduced-diameter mold. A cylindrical punch 25 is driven into the blank. Figure le illustrates the beginning of this process. The punch has a major diameter that is larger than the 23 holes of the blank, and has a chamfered leading edge 33 to facilitate its entry into the blank hole. When the punch 25 gradually enters the die, it causes the blank 23 to expand radially. This ruptures the four thin webs 35, at least over most of its length, and has the effect of exploding the four full-thickness longitudinal regions 34. In order to provide four gaps 36 as shown in Fig. I »The material in the thin web 35 hardens to a much greater extent than the other parts of the blank • This and the concentration of stress in the web helps their fracture. Figure If shows that the punch 25 penetrates the blank most fully * The bottom end of the punch is opposed to the lower push portion 31 of the die and is slightly isolated from the web portion 22 of the blank. The gap did not extend to the web portion at the end of the blank. Due to the effect of the die pushing portions 31, 32, the width at the end of each gap 36 is pushed. ** ..-.- The punch 25 is now retracted and the ejector pin 26 is actuated to force the blank to leave the die 24 backwards. Figure lg shows one intermediate stage of this effect. When the main part of the blank, which is in the shape of the four longitudinal regions 34, is pushed through the push-out part 32 and the outer part 28 having a reduced diameter, the four regions 34 are forced radially inward, so the four longitudinal gaps 36 are closed. Figure lh shows that this process has been completed-after the completion of a -6-this paper wave scale is applicable to China's national standard (CNS > M specifications (210X297 mm)) ((Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page, this page ) Order printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4 5 2 5 1 〇Α7 Β7 'V. Description of the invention () Please read the notes on the back before filling in the shape of the blank on page I. Each pair of adjacent vertical The edges of the area 34 are in contact with each other near the inner wall of the tube member 'with a groove 37 of virtually zero thickness (that is, a' physical discontinuity ') and a groove below the outside of the member. The shape is the embryo shown in Figure lh The material is then inserted into another mold (not shown) where the web portion 22 at the end of the blank is removed by a suitable tool (not shown), as shown schematically in Figure li. This leaves the manufacturing completed The tubular slotted member is shown in Figure 3 of Figure 1 i. The artist who specializes in progressive cold forging heads will understand 'Allow two die heads to forge and form the initial blank 11 recessed in Figure la' Two molds 14 and 24, and another mold for removing the end web, this example system The process can be performed on a 5 station progressive cold forging head. 6 Figure 2 shows one modification of the illustrated method, which is explained with reference to Figure 1. In Figure 2, Figures 2d to 2h each correspond to Figures Id to lh For easy comparison and understanding, the same parts are represented by the same reference number, and the corresponding parts are represented by the same reference number plus 100. Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. The only substantial difference in this modification The die 124 has a mouth with a slightly larger diameter. As can be understood from FIGS. 2e and 2f, it shows that an annular gap 41 is between the blank 23 and the outer part 28 of the die adjacent to the mouth. Yes, when the blank is ejected, its radially enlarged portion is reduced to a diameter slightly larger than its original size. As a result, the four longitudinal portions 134 do not touch each other edge-to-edge, but are separated by a narrow gap 137, as shown in Figure 2h. Another example is shown in Figures 3d to 3h, which also corresponds to Figures Id to lh. Again, the same parts are given the same reference number, and the corresponding parts are represented by the same reference number plus 200. This is also Dagger paper of the first example method Standards are applicable to Chinese national standards (0 ^ > 8-4 specifications (210 > < 297): I45 25 1 〇 Α7 Β7 Printed by the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Employee Cooperatives V. Invention Description (L) Amend 9 but A much larger modification than just explained "In this example, the tube blank 223 before radial expansion actually has four equally spaced longitudinal grooves 219 along its inner surface.» The blank hole is actually a square cross-section. As shown in Figure 3d. This is achieved by modifying the die shown in Figure 1 --- die and punch. The die will have a cylindrical cross-section and the punch will have a square cross-section. 0 Those skilled in cold forging will easily understand how to set up this die and punch, which is the opposite of that shown in Figure 1. The other difference is that the blank made of this shape has a hole that completely extends through it, without a web spanning the end, but the tail part of qit si can be thickened, such as 222 of 3d 囵. The radial expansion of the blank is by a die 22 4 and a punch 225. The punch 225 has a reduced diameter end portion 44 that fits into the distal portion of the blank hole, which is shown in Figures 1 and 2 where it is the web portion 22. This radial expansion of the billet ♦ and its subsequent diameter reduction when the white mold is ejected is substantially the same as that described with reference to the first circle in the first example method. The only material difference of the completed pipe member 238 is that its four longitudinal portions 234 are separated by longitudinal inner grooves. Each groove guides a zero-thickness groove 237 near the outside of the pipe structure. The end of the tube member has no web to be removed. Therefore, this manufacturing process can be performed on a four-station forging head. Section 4 ΓΒΠ shows how a tube member such as 38, 138, or 238 is used in a blind rivet. 'Assembled in A shaft 1 having a head 42. When the rivet is in place > Press the shell 38, 138 or 238 axially, in the shell part of the four grooves 37 '137 or 237 »to form four outwardly folded legs 43, as shown in Figure 5. The structure of the pipe member 13S shown in Fig. 2h is particularly advantageous for acting as a blind rivet shell 4 ». One of the middle length portions of the shell has a radial outward direction with respect to its end. The dimensions of this paper are applicable to China. National Sample Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm)
I Α7 Β7 45 25 1 Ο 五、發明説明（"） 偏置之表面的現象促進殻在軸向壓縮下的初始屈曲。 本發明不限於前例之細節。爲了便利之目的，可使用一 有槽的管構件，而非一盲鉚釘殻。 可使用內和外構槽二者之組合。 主要元件之對照表 11 胚料 12 頭 13 凹陷 14 模 15 縱向肋 16 衝頭 17 .弾簧負載工具 18 環形凹部 19 縱向溝槽 21 頂出器 22 腹板部分 23 胚料 24 模 25 衝頭 26 頂出銷 27 內端部分 28 外端部分 29 中間部分 31 推拔部分 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作杜印製 -9- 本紙浪尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨OX297公釐） 45 2^1 Ο Α7 五、發明説明（f) 經濟部智慧財產局員工消費合作社印製_ 32 推拔部分 33 前緣 34 縱向區域 35 腹板 36 間隙 37 槽 38 管狀有槽構件 41 環形間隙 124 模 134 縱向部分 137 槽 219 縱向溝槽 222 腹板部分 223 管胚料 224 糢 225 衝頭 234 縱向部分 237 零厚度槽 238 管構件 1----------- (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再^P本頁) 訂 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X2.97公釐）I Α7 Β7 45 25 1 〇 5. Description of the invention The phenomenon of offset surface promotes the initial buckling of the shell under axial compression. The invention is not limited to the details of the previous examples. For convenience, a slotted pipe member may be used instead of a blind rivet shell. A combination of both inner and outer grooves can be used. Comparison table of main components 11 blanks 12 heads 13 depressions 14 die 15 longitudinal ribs 16 punch 17. Spring loaded tool 18 annular recess 19 longitudinal groove 21 ejector 22 web part 23 blank 24 die 25 punch 26 Ejector pin 27 Inner end part 28 Outer end part 29 Middle part 31 Pushing out part of the consumer cooperation of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Du printed -9- The standard of this paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 OX297 mm ) 45 2 ^ 1 〇 Α7 V. Description of the invention (f) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Intellectual Property Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs _ 32 Pushing section 33 Leading edge 34 Longitudinal area 35 Web 36 Gap 37 Slot 38 Tubular slotted member 41 Annular gap 124 Mould 134 Longitudinal section 137 Groove 219 Longitudinal groove 222 Web section 223 Tube blank 224 Die 225 Punch 234 Longitudinal section 237 Zero thickness groove 238 Tube member 1 ----------- (Please read first Note on the back ^ P this page) The size of the paper used for this edition applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X2.97 mm)