C7 D7 > 446813 五、創作説明（1 ) 發明之昔景 1. 發明之領娀 本發明係關於一種光纜線斷裂位置檢測方法與裝置， 尤其係關於一種利用頻率調變解調技術，在頻率域下檢 測出光纜線斷裂位置的檢測方法與裝置。 2. 先前技藝之説明 目前光纜線斷裂位置測試多是使用光學式時域反射計 (Optical Time Domain Re flectom;eter，OTDR )來 進行測試’其主要是利用一雷射光，測量其從光境線進 入端傳輸至光纜線斷裂位置，再反射由來至光纜線進入 端所需要的時間，來推算光纜線斷裂位置。惟，由於光 學式時域反射計係以時域來進行光纜線斷裂位置之量 測，因而當雷射光在光纜線中之傳輸速度受到環境之影 響而邊化時’將使其準確度降低；再者，由於係以時間 之量測來進行推算，將需要非常精確的的光波量測儀 器’否則容易產生誤差，因而不利於實.際運作。 發明之概述 本發明之主要目的在於提供一種從頻率域 (Frequency Domain )檢測出一光纜線斷裂位置的光 纜線斷裂位置檢測方法與裝置。 本發明之另一目的在於提供一種可以容易地從頻率域 找出光纟覽線斷裂位置的檢測方法與裝置。 為達成上述目的’本發明揭示一種光纜線斷裂位置檢 測方法，包含下列步驟：1 )提供一具任意調變頻率的調 頻電信號；2)對該調頻電信號施以電光轉換而獲得一調 -4 泰紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） .) n n —-·ΊΙ ~I I n ! ^ I— ^ i (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 經濟部中央摞準局貝工消资合作社印製 > 4468 1 3 C7 ------- D7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、創作説明（2 ) 幅光信號；3)將該調幅光信號輸入該光纜線之其中— 端，而以該光纜線為傳輸路徑；4)從該光纜線之該其中 —端接收一由該光纜線斷裂位置反射回來之調幅光信 號’並將該反射賙幅光信號藉由光電轉換而還原回調頻 電信號；5)對該還原之調頻電信號加以解調並濾波，而 取得一基頻解調信號；6 )改變該任意調頻電信號之頻率 而進行一掃頻動作’並對各調變頻率乏對應解調信號進 行频域分析’當有第一個波谷出現時，掏取該波谷之頻 率值Fm »以及7)對該頻率值進行運算而取得一代表該 光境線斷裂位置離該其中一端之距離。： 為達成上述目的，本發明並揭露一種用以實施上述方 法的光纜線斷裂位置檢測裝置，包含： 一調頻信號產生器’用以提供一具任意調變頻率之調 頻電信號； 一信號均分單元，用以將該調頻電信號均分成一第一 路調頻電信號與一第二路調頻電信號； 一光發信器，用以將該第一路調頻電信號轉換成一調 幅光信號； 一光迴路！§’具有第一至第三痒’該第一淳接收該調 幅光信號，該第二埠連接該待測光纜線之其中一端，而 將該調幅光信號輸入該光纜線，該調幅光信號在光纜線 斷裂位置處反射回該光迴路器第二埠，並由該第三埠輪 出該反射調幅光信號； 一光收信器，用以接收該反射調幅光信號並進行光電 轉換而輸出一經還原之調頻電信號； (請先聞讀背面之注意Ϋ項再填寫本頁) -裝· Ο -訂 本紙張尺度逋用中國國家標隼< CNS ) Λ4規格u 10 X W7公釐） 46s 3 五、創作説明（3 C7 D7 經濟部中央榡窣局員工消費合作社印製 該第70 ’用以接收該第二路調頻電信號，並對 頻電：號之相位正交之參考信號： ，、該還原 號進二二I" ^㈤以對該還原之調頻電信號與該參考信 _订，昆波’而輸出-混波信號； ::波單元，用以接收該混波信號 而輸出-解調信號；以及 對: = = 算而取得-代表該祕斷裂位置離該其 就-依明《万法與裝置，利用一頻率調變解調技 二t/至光與光電轉換’而對一經過斷裂光纜線反 t來（載有振幅調變的反射光進行解調，由於該解調 信號之調變頻率與光纜線之斷裂位置有關，將可以依據 各凋變頻率下之解調信號在頻率域上之相對第一凹陷 點，求出一相對於光纜線之雷射光入射端至斷裂位置間 ^距離的頻，值，再藉由數學演算，即可求得該距離。 藉此，由於不易受外界影響，將能避免時間量測誤差之 產生，而能夠提供一種極為實用之光纜線斷裂位置檢測 方法與裝置。 圖式之饍S說明 圖1顯示一根據本發明之—實施例而成之光纜線斷裂位 置檢測系統圖。 圖式辂虢之說明 6- 本紙法尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4规格（21〇 χ 297公嫠） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本貢) •裝· -订 線 k 44β8ΐ3 C7 p--___ D7 五、創作說明（4 ) 1 檢測裝置 3 10 調頻信號產生器 11 12 裁頻產生器 20 3 0 雷射二極體 40 50 光偵測器 60 70 混波器 80 90 放大器 91 92 頻譜分析儀 #測光纜線 調變頻率產生器 功率均分器 I 光迴路器 相位移器 低通濾波器 矛波器 请 先 閱 背 Sj 之 注C7 D7 > 446813 V. Creative Instructions (1) Past of the Invention 1. Field of Invention The present invention relates to a method and device for detecting the break position of an optical cable, and more particularly to a method using frequency modulation and demodulation in the frequency Detection method and device for detecting broken position of optical cable under the domain. 2. Description of previous techniques At present, most optical fiber cable break position tests are performed using an optical time domain reflectometer (OTDR). It mainly uses a laser light to measure its entry from the optical horizon. The end transmits to the broken position of the optical cable, and then reflects the time required from the arrival of the optical cable to the end to calculate the broken position of the optical cable. However, since the optical time domain reflectometer is used to measure the break position of the optical cable in the time domain, the accuracy of the laser light when the transmission speed of the laser light in the optical cable is affected by the environment and is marginalized; Moreover, since the estimation is based on the measurement of time, a very accurate light wave measuring instrument will be needed, otherwise errors are easy to occur, which is not conducive to practical operation. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The main object of the present invention is to provide a method and a device for detecting a broken position of an optical cable from a frequency domain. Another object of the present invention is to provide a detection method and device that can easily find the breaking position of the optical navigation line from the frequency domain. In order to achieve the above objective, the present invention discloses a method for detecting a broken position of an optical cable, including the following steps: 1) providing an FM electrical signal with an arbitrary modulation frequency; 2) applying electro-optical conversion to the FM electrical signal to obtain a modulation- 4 Thai paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm).) Nn —- · ΊΙ ~ II n! ^ I— ^ i (Please read the notes on the back before filling this page} Central Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Zhuhai Bureau Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives > 4468 1 3 C7 ------- D7 Printed by the Consumers' Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Creative instructions (2) Light signals; 3) The amplitude modulation The optical signal is input to one of the ends of the optical cable, and the optical cable is used as a transmission path; 4) An amplitude modulated optical signal reflected from the broken position of the optical cable is received from the one of the optical cables and the reflected The optical signal is restored by the photoelectric conversion to the callback frequency electric signal; 5) demodulating and filtering the restored FM electric signal to obtain a fundamental frequency demodulated signal; 6) changing the frequency of the arbitrary FM electric signal and Perform a sweep operation 'and Each modulation frequency lacks a frequency domain analysis corresponding to the demodulated signal. 'When the first trough appears, take the frequency value Fm of the trough »and 7) Operate the frequency value to obtain a position representing the break of the optical horizon. Distance from one of the ends. : In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also discloses a device for detecting a broken position of an optical cable for implementing the above method, comprising: an FM signal generator 'for providing an FM electrical signal with an arbitrary modulation frequency; A unit for dividing the FM electrical signal into a first FM electrical signal and a second FM electrical signal; an optical transmitter for converting the first FM electrical signal into an AM optical signal; Light circuit! § 'With first to third ticks', the first receiver receives the AM optical signal, the second port is connected to one end of the optical cable under test, and the AM optical signal is input to the optical cable, and the AM optical signal is at The broken position of the optical cable is reflected back to the second port of the optical circuit device, and the reflected AM signal is output from the third port. An optical receiver is used to receive the reflected AM signal and perform photoelectric conversion to output a signal. Restored FM electrical signal; (please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) -Installation · 〇 -The size of the paper used in the book is the national standard of China < CNS) Λ4 size u 10 X W7 mm) 46s 3 V. Creation instructions (3 C7 D7 The Consumer Cooperative of the Central Government Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the 70th 'for receiving the second frequency-modulated electrical signal, and the reference signal whose phase of the frequency: signal is orthogonal to: The reduction number enters the two I " ^ ㈤ to output the FM electrical signal and the reference letter _ order, Kunbo 'and output the mixed signal; the :: wave unit is used to receive the mixed signal and output -Demodulated signal; and: = = calculated and obtained-represents the The location of the break is right away-according to "Mingfa and Devices, using a frequency modulation and demodulation technique t / to light and photoelectric conversion 'to reflect a t through a broken optical cable (reflection carrying amplitude modulation) Light demodulation, because the modulation frequency of the demodulated signal is related to the break position of the optical cable, the relative first depression point in the frequency domain of the demodulated signal at each withered frequency can be used to obtain a relative The frequency and value of the distance between the incident end of the laser light of the optical cable and the breaking position can be obtained through mathematical calculations. This is because it is not susceptible to external influences, and it will avoid the occurrence of time measurement errors. And it can provide a very practical method and device for detecting the break position of the optical cable. Description of the drawings Figure 1 shows a diagram of a system for detecting the break position of an optical cable according to an embodiment of the present invention. 6- The size of the paper method is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (21〇χ 297 cm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this tribute) • Installation ·-Threading k 44β8ΐ3 C7 p --___ D7 5 Creation instructions 4) 1 detection device 3 10 FM signal generator 11 12 frequency cut generator 20 3 0 laser diode 40 50 light detector 60 70 mixer 80 90 amplifier 91 92 spectrum analyzer # measuring cable frequency conversion Rate Generator Power Divider I Optical Looper Phase Shifter Low Pass Filter Spearwave Please read the note of Sj first
I 較佳具體 i例之說明 據本發明之技術思想，.已知當對—頻率調變信號進 二週時’解前號之振幅大小與用以解_之兩正交訊 咕:&時間差有關。惟’以往之重點都只在於該解調信 振幅的大小，時間差只被視為-影響因素而已，從 未有涊為該時間差能有什麼作用與用途者。 .然經本發明人之研究發現，若對一載有任一頻率調變 信號之調頻信號進行解調，並改變各頻率調變信號之頻 率將此在頻域上顯示出各調變頻率之各對應振幅值。 又，經由推f得知各調變頻率之各對應振幅值之相對第 一凹陷點頻率值與兩正交信號解調前之傳輸時間有關。 因此，若利用調變解調技術，並對各調變頻率作一掃頻 動作，將可藉由該凹陷點頻率值之取得，而反向推知該 兩正叉信號在傳輸時間上之不同。且當兩正交信號之其 中一方的傳輸延遲時間已知，將可用來推知另一方信號 之傳輸延遲時間。 ' 又’光境線之斷裂位置會反射一入射光，並反射至入 奢 7- 本紙張尺度適財國國家操準（CNS〉M規格（训㈣7公瘦） C7 D7 ^^81 3 五、創作説明（5 .射光入射之其中-端’且因傳輸時間與距離有關，因而 當藉由-光迴路器來使入射光從光缆線之立中一端入 射’並由該其中-端取^射光時，將可藉由推測該反 射光入射後之傳輸延遲時間，而推知韓其中一端至光缆 線斷裂位置之單程距離。 再者，光與電之間可藉由雷射二極體與光偵測器等進 行轉換。因此’對於光€線之類對象#而言，透過光電 與電光轉換，將可以運用上述調變解_技術，藉由測得 傳經該斷裂光纜線訊號之傳輸延遲時間，依據傳輸延遲 時間與距離之關係，測得光纜線之斷裂i位置。 因此根據本發明而成之方法即包含以下步驟： (1)提供一具任意調變頻率之調頻電信號，並由該調 頻電信號均分出一第一路調頻電信號與一第二路調頻電 信號； (2 )對該弟一路調頻電信號進行電光轉換，而取得一 載有該頻率調變電信號的調幅光信號； (3 )將該調幅光信號輸入一待測斷裂光纜線之其中一 端’並由該巧中一端取出該調幅光信號經一斷裂處反射 回來之反射調幅光信號，再對該反射調幅光信號進行光 電轉換而取得該第一路調頻電信號傳經該光纜線而得的 一延遲信號； (4)調整該第二路調頻電信號之相位，使其成為一與 該延遲信號之相位正交的參考信號，並以該參考信號對 該延遲信號進行解調，而輸出一低頻之解調信號； (5 )改變該任意調變頻率之頻率而進行一掃頻動作， _____ -8- 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家橾準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公瘦） ----^--:---裝------訂-------線 t請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印m it ., -—^ϋ. 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 44S81 3 C7 D7 五 、創作説明（6) $對各任意調變頻率之對應解調信號進行頻率域分析， 當有第一個波谷出現時，擷取得該波谷之頻率值Fm ;以 及 (6)對該頻率值進行運算而取得—代表該光纜線斷裂 位置離該其中一端之距離。 再者，該距離可藉由下式運算而得，即： 距離=光纜線傳輸速率X + +2 其中，T〇為該調頻電信號在傳輸過程中之光電轉換延 遲時間’ T a為該參考信號的傳輸延遲時間。 以下，進一步根據上述方法，就—可用以實施上述方 法之系統裝置’及其原理作一詳細說明。 圖1顯示一用以實施上述方法之較佳實施例而成的檢 測裝置1之組成示意圖。如圖1所示，用以測量光纜線3之 斷裂位置的光纟覽線斷裂位置檢測裝置1包含：—調頻信號 產生器10、一功率均分器20、一作為光發信器之雷射二 極體3 0、一光迴路器4 〇、一作為光收信器之光偵測器 50、一相位移器6〇、一混波器7〇、一低通濾波器8〇、一 示波器91、一放大器90、以及一頻譜分析儀92。 調頻信號盖生器1 0用以輸出一載有任意調變頻率尤之 調頻電信號，其包含有一掃頻式調變頻率產生器i i與一 載頻產生器1 2。該調變頻率產生器丨i可作掃頻動作，且 其掃頻範圍可從0Hz至500MHz、600MHz或7 00MHz， 甚至可至1 GHz。其終點頻率視測試實驗而定。 功率均分器20用以接收前逑調頻電信號後，均分出一 第一路調頻電信號I與一第二路調頻電信號R ^第一路調 9- 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公楚} -------^---1^------1T-------線. (請先鬩讀背面之注意事項再填寫本页) 經濟部中央搮隼局貝工消費合作社印袋 C7 D7 五、創作説明（7 ) 頻電信號I被送至雷射二極體3 Q之射頻調變信號輸入端， 而使雷射二極體所輸出之雷射光產生振幅調變，而成為 一載有該調頻電信號之調幅光信號。第二路調頻電信號R 供作為解調用之參考信號，且被輸入混波器7 〇之其中一 輸入端，但在輸入之前，先經相位移器60 ,俾進行相位 調整，以下將之稱為—經相位調整之參考信號尺〇。 光迴路器40具有第—至第三出入埠a、B、和c ,其可 以由A埠接受光訊號，由B埠輸出，並由B埠接收光訊 號，而由C埠輸出該光訊號。因此，若|將待測光纜線3之 其中一端連接至B埠，且將雷射二極磋3〇所輸出之雷射 光（調幅光信號）輸入A埠，則該雷射光將從由B埠進入 光纜線3，並於光纜線斷裂處被反射回來後，由c埠輸出 該反射調幅光信號β 光侦測器5 0用以接收該反射調幅光信號，並藉由光電 轉換而產±—還原之調頻電訊號，此時，由於該還原之 调頻電訊號係由反射光轉換而得，且該反射光經過待測 光繞線3之傳輸與反射’與參考信號r 〇相較，到達混波 器70之時間將較為延遲，因而以下稱之為延遲信號1〇， 並將之送入混波器70之另一輸入端。 相位移器6 0用以使進入混波器7 0之兩路信號，亦即延 遲信號ID與參考信號RO之相位差維持正交，其可以藉由 示波器9 1檢測得知。這是因為當進入混波器7 〇的兩信號 相位差維持在正文時’混波裔·70之輸出端所輸出之信號 中的直流信號輸出為零*因而可以由示波器監控得知^ 惟此一監梘亦可採用電表或其它習用裝置為之。 -10- 本紙张適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐〉 ——-—^----裝------訂--------線] (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)I. Explanation of a preferred specific example. According to the technical idea of the present invention, it is known that when the frequency-modulation signal enters two cycles, the amplitude of the solution number and the two orthogonal signals used to resolve _: Time difference is related. However, the focus of the past is only on the amplitude of the demodulated signal, and the time difference is only considered as an influencing factor. It has never been thought that this time difference can have any effect and use. However, through research by the inventor, it has been found that if a FM signal carrying any frequency modulation signal is demodulated, and the frequency of each frequency modulation signal is changed, this will show each modulation frequency in the frequency domain. Corresponds to the amplitude value. In addition, it is known through the f that the relative first depression frequency value of each corresponding amplitude value of each modulation frequency is related to the transmission time before demodulation of the two orthogonal signals. Therefore, if the modulation and demodulation technology is used and a frequency sweep operation is performed on each modulation frequency, the difference in transmission time between the two positive fork signals can be inferred by obtaining the frequency value of the depression point. And when the transmission delay time of one of the two orthogonal signals is known, it can be used to infer the transmission delay time of the other signal. 'Another' The breaking position of the line of light will reflect an incident light and reflect it into the luxury 7- The paper size is suitable for the country in the country (CNS> M specification (training 7 male thin) C7 D7 ^^ 81 3 V. Creation Explanation (5. The mid-end of incident light and its transmission time is related to distance. Therefore, when the incident light is incident from the middle end of the optical cable through the -optical circuit device, and the mid-end is used to take the light , The one-way distance from one end of Han to the break position of the optical cable can be inferred by inferring the transmission delay time after the reflected light is incident. Moreover, the laser diode and light detection can be used between light and electricity. Converters, etc. Therefore, 'for optical lines and other objects #, through the photoelectric and electro-optical conversion, the modulation and control technology described above can be used to measure the transmission delay time of the signal passing through the broken optical cable, based on The relationship between the transmission delay time and the distance measures the position of the break i of the optical cable. Therefore, the method according to the present invention includes the following steps: (1) providing an FM electrical signal with an arbitrary modulation frequency, and the FM electrical Signals are equally divided into one One FM electrical signal and one second FM electrical signal; (2) performing electro-optical conversion on the FM electrical signal of the brother to obtain an amplitude modulated optical signal carrying the frequency modulated electrical signal; (3) the amplitude modulated optical signal The signal is input to one end of a broken optical cable to be tested, and the reflected AM signal of the AM signal is reflected by a break from the one end of the cable. The reflected AM signal is photoelectrically converted to obtain the first signal. A delay signal obtained by transmitting the FM electrical signal through the optical cable; (4) adjusting the phase of the second FM electrical signal so that it becomes a reference signal orthogonal to the phase of the delay signal, and using the reference signal Demodulate the delayed signal and output a low-frequency demodulated signal; (5) Change the frequency of the arbitrary modulation frequency and perform a frequency sweeping operation, _____ -8- This paper is a Chinese standard (CNS) A4 size (210X297 male thin) ---- ^ -: --- fitted ------ ------- line set t please read smell precautions to fill out the back of this page) Ministry of economy Central Standards Bureau, Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, India m it., -— ^ ϋ. Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Ministry of Standards, Ministry of Standards, 44S81 3 C7 D7 V. Creation Instructions (6) $ Perform a frequency domain analysis on the corresponding demodulated signal of each modulating frequency. When the first trough appears, get the trough The frequency value Fm; and (6) obtained by calculating the frequency value—representing the distance between the break position of the optical cable and one of the ends. Moreover, the distance can be obtained by calculating the following formula, namely: distance = optical cable Line transmission rate X + +2 where T0 is the photoelectric conversion delay time of the FM electrical signal during transmission 'T a is the transmission delay time of the reference signal. Hereinafter, according to the above method, it can be used to implement the above The system device of the method and its principle are explained in detail. Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the composition of a detection device 1 for implementing a preferred embodiment of the above method. As shown in FIG. 1, the optical line break position detecting device 1 for measuring the break position of the optical cable 3 includes:-an FM signal generator 10, a power equalizer 20, and a laser as an optical transmitter. Diode 30, an optical loop device 40, an optical detector 50 as an optical receiver, a phase shifter 60, a mixer 70, a low-pass filter 80, and an oscilloscope 91. An amplifier 90 and a spectrum analyzer 92. The FM signal generator 10 is used for outputting an FM electrical signal carrying an arbitrary modulation frequency, which includes a swept modulation frequency generator i i and a carrier frequency generator 12. The modulation frequency generator i can perform frequency sweeping, and its frequency sweeping range can be from 0Hz to 500MHz, 600MHz or 700MHz, and even to 1GHz. The end frequency depends on the test experiment. The power equalizer 20 is used to receive a first FM electric signal I and a second FM electric signal R after receiving the front FM electric signal. ^ The first way 9- CNS) A4 specification (210X297). ------- ^ --- 1 ^ ------ 1T ------- line. (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this Page) Printed bag C7 D7 of the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Creation instructions (7) The frequency signal I is sent to the RF modulation signal input terminal of the laser diode 3 Q, so that the laser diode 2 The laser light output by the polar body is amplitude-modulated and becomes an amplitude-modulated optical signal carrying the FM electrical signal. The second FM electrical signal R is used as a reference signal for demodulation and is input to the mixer 7 〇 One of the input terminals, but before the input, phase adjustment is performed through the phase shifter 60, ，, which is hereinafter referred to as the phase-adjusted reference signal scale 0. The optical looper 40 has first to third access ports. a, B, and c, which can receive optical signals from port A, output from port B, receive optical signals from port B, and output the optical signals from port C. Therefore, | Connect one end of the optical cable 3 to be tested to port B, and input the laser light (amplitude-modulated optical signal) output from the laser diode 30 into port A, then the laser light will enter the optical cable from port B 3, and after being reflected back at the break of the optical cable, the port C outputs the reflected AM signal β light detector 50 to receive the reflected AM signal, and produces ± -reduced frequency modulation by photoelectric conversion At this time, since the restored FM electric signal is converted from the reflected light, and the reflected light passes through the transmission and reflection of the light winding 3 to be measured, compared with the reference signal r 0, and reaches the mixer 70 The time will be relatively delayed, so it will be referred to as the delayed signal 10 below and sent to the other input of the mixer 70. The phase shifter 60 is used to make the two signals entering the mixer 70, That is, the phase difference between the delayed signal ID and the reference signal RO remains orthogonal, which can be detected by the oscilloscope 91. This is because when the phase difference between the two signals entering the mixer 7 is maintained in the main text, · The DC signal output of the signal output from the 70 output terminal is zero * And it can be learned by oscilloscope monitoring. ^ However, this monitor can also use electricity meters or other conventional devices. -10- This paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X297 mm> --------) --Install -------- order -------- line] (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page)
V 4 4 6 8 1 3 經濟部中央梯率局貝工消費合作社印製 C7 _ _____D7 五、創作説明（8 ) ~一 ~ I 混波器70為一雙平衡混波器，且其用以對延遲信號工^ 與參考信號RO進行混波，而產生一混波信號VDBM(t)。 低通濾波器80用以對該混波信號VDBM(t)進行濾波， 將高頻部份濾掉，而產生一低頻之解調信號。 功率放大器90用以放大該解調信號，俾利輸出，其放 太後之信號為V0UT。 頻譜分析儀92 ,用以接收低頻解調件號ν〇υτ，而顯示 出其頻譜，供對該信號V〇UT進行頻率埤上之頻譜分析。 又’在上述電路中’假設輸入功率均分器2〇之調頻信 號之數學式為： V{t) = V0 . cos[2^〇i + (Δ/ / /m). cos(2?/m〇] 其中’ Λ為中心頻率’ 表平均振幅，χ表調變頻率，分 表頻率碉變泽值變動量，則經功率均分器2 〇之後，第一 路調頻電信號I與第二路調頻電信號R分別為： νΛΟ = ^fi(0 = V^cos[2^t + (Af / fm)*cos(2^mt)] 其中之第一路調頻電信號Ϊ經過電光轉換，而為光纜線3 所反射回來’並經光電轉換而還原成調頻電訊號後，將 產生一具延，時間TD (單位為秒）的延遲信號id 〇另一 第二路調頻電信號R經過相位移器6 〇後成為一相位移參 考is號R 〇，該相位移也產生一延遲時間τ 0，進而調頻信 號分成二路徑進入混波器70之時差ΔΤ將為AT = TVTe ^ 又’入射至混波器7 0之兩個輸入端信號可以寫成 V!D (t) = V* cos{2^0 (t - AT) + ). cos[2^m (t ~ ΔΓ)]} Vro (0=V· cos[2^f0/ + (Δ/ //„,)* cos(2^fw/ + Δ6>)] 此時參考信號R〇必需與延遲信號Ιβ有正交相位D ___ -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS > A4规格（2丨0X297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝. . '線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 4468 13 C7 D7 ~----- ---- 五、創作説明（9 ) 經過混波器70之後，輸出端之混波信號 =心(0·4〇(0 ’當再經過低通濾波器80之後，即得到 ν〇υτ (0 = k(p* sin[2(4/" / /m) · - ^mAT) sin(^mAr)] 其中，妙為常數。 假設（Δ/7/J遠小於1，例如<0 2，則sin(A///J將約等於 (A/7/J，因而 W · W’/J · 1 =知· 2(Δ/ / /m ) · sin(〇r) · sin(2T/mi - 〇Γ) 由此可推得相對於各調變頻率其輸出電丨壓之振幅為 ΑΓ =細· 2(Δ/ / /m) · sin〇〇r)=細· 27ΙΔΓΔ/ · sin«kr) /«ΔΓ) 其中，由於為sine函數，輸出信號⑺ 之大小’亦即頻譜分析儀92所量測到的信號振幅，將與 5ίη(；ξ/；ΔΓ)/(<„Λ；Γ)成比例。 於是’當對調變頻率進行一掃頻動作時，因應各調變調 率下之解調信號強度之不同，將在頻譜分析儀92上會顯 示出一些凹點（Dip Points) ’且這些凹點發生在頻率 位置於=加處’ N= 1，2，3，4…。據此，第一個凹點的 頻率將發生在N=1下，即處。 因此’在取得頻率轴上之第一個振幅波谷（凹點）所在 之一頻率值/Λι後’即可推得該調頻信號均分兩路後經待 測光纜線與相位移器二路徑輸入混波器7〇之時差 △r = 】/Fm。又，其中造成調頻信號分成二路徑行進至混波 器7 0之時差的主要因素之一者是第二路調頻電信號經相 位移器60所產生之傳輸延遲Te ’另一者是另一路調頻電 信號經雷射二極體3 0的電光轉換與光偵測器5 〇之光電轉 ______-12 本紙浪尺廋適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（21〇ϋ公釐) 一~~~ -- ----f.--：----装------訂-------線 1 (請先閱讀背面之注$項再填寫本頁) C7 D7 五、創作説明（10 ) 換的時間延遲τ。，加上雷射光從待測祀纜線進入端傳輸 至光纜線斷裂位置再反射回來至光纜線進入端所造成的 傳輪時間延遲TD所致。依此，將可推得Δ?Ά +仏-7；。 又，Τ 0與Τ。可經由校正實驗測量出；所以，雷射光從光 '觉線進入端傳輸至光纜線斷裂位置，再反射回來至光纜 在進入端所造成的時間延遲將為& = 心+L。另，由於 該TD係來回反射之延遲時間，因而將該|時間Td除以2再乘 以雷射光在光纜線内之傳輸速率，即可推得光纜線斷裂 位置離光纜線進入端之距離。 又，取得頻率值匕後之計算，雖未在圖1中顯示，但 其掏取蜱計算均可透過一由例如微處理器所構成之計算 單元C未圖示）以軟體或韌體之設定來自動進行。因 此’很明顯地’雖然未加以圖示’但於本發明之其它實 施例中’所揭之檢測裝置亦可進一步包含一用以實際計 算出延遲時間的計算單元。 經濟部中央梯隼局員工消资合作社印製 综上所述’藉由上述頻率調變解調方式，並配合以掃 頻調變載波頻率之方式’且在頻率域上進行解調信號之 振幅分析，可以很容易且確實地由頻率域中推測出待測 光纜線之延i時間與斷裂位置，且所需設備相當簡單， 甚至可簡單地作成單一機體，因而將可以提供一極為方 便之光纜線斷裂位置測試方法，以及—極為輕便之光纜 線斷裂位置檢測裝置。 以上雖例舉許多實施例作說明，然而各種在本發明所 揭技術内容下之各種等效變更都應在本發明之保護範圍 内。 ， p -13- 本紙張Λ·度適用中國國家椟準( CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐）V 4 4 6 8 1 3 Printed by C7 _ _____D7, Shelley Consumer Cooperative, Central Gradient Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Creation Instructions (8) ~~~ I Mixer 70 is a double-balanced mixer, and it is used to The delayed signal is mixed with the reference signal RO to generate a mixed signal VDBM (t). The low-pass filter 80 is used for filtering the mixed signal VDBM (t), filtering out the high-frequency part, and generating a low-frequency demodulated signal. The power amplifier 90 is used to amplify the demodulated signal and output it favorably. The signal after the amplification is VOUT. The spectrum analyzer 92 is used for receiving the low-frequency demodulation part number ν〇υτ, and displaying its frequency spectrum, which is used for frequency spectrum analysis of the signal VOUT. Also in the above circuit, it is assumed that the mathematical formula of the frequency modulation signal of the input power divider 20 is: V {t) = V0. Cos [2 ^ 〇i + (Δ / / / m). Cos (2? / m〇] where 'Λ is the center frequency' indicates the average amplitude, χ indicates the modulation frequency, and the submeter frequency 碉 changes the amount of change in value. After the power equalizer 2 〇, the first frequency-modulated electrical signal I and the second The frequency-modulated electrical signals R are: νΛΟ = ^ fi (0 = V ^ cos [2 ^ t + (Af / fm) * cos (2 ^ mt)] where the first frequency-modulated electrical signal Ϊ undergoes electro-optical conversion, and After being reflected back by the optical cable 3, and converted back to the FM electric signal through photoelectric conversion, a delayed signal id with a delay of time TD (unit is second) will be generated. 〇 Another second FM electric signal R undergoes phase shift. After the device 6 〇 becomes a phase shift reference is number R 〇, this phase shift also generates a delay time τ 0, and then the time difference ΔΤ of the FM signal divided into two paths into the mixer 70 will be AT = TVTe ^ The two input signals of the wave filter 7 0 can be written as V! D (t) = V * cos {2 ^ 0 (t-AT) +). Cos [2 ^ m (t ~ ΔΓ)]} Vro (0 = V · cos (2 ^ f0 / + (Δ / // „,) * cos (2 ^ fw / + Δ6 >)] At this time, the reference signal R0 must have a quadrature phase D with the delayed signal Iβ ___ -11-This paper size applies to the Chinese national standard (CNS > A4 specification (2 丨 0X297mm) (Please read the back Note: Please fill in this page again.) Packing: 'Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4468 13 C7 D7 ~ ----- ---- V. Creation Instructions (9) After the mixer 70, The mixed signal at the output = heart (0 · 4〇 (0 ') After passing through the low-pass filter 80 again, ν〇υτ (0 = k (p * sin [2 (4 / " / / m) ·-^ MAT) sin (^ mAr)] where Miao is a constant. Assuming (Δ / 7 / J is much smaller than 1, for example < 0 2, then sin (A /// J will be approximately equal to (A / 7 / J, so W · W '/ J · 1 = Knowing · 2 (Δ / / / m) · sin (〇r) · sin (2T / mi-〇Γ) can be deduced from The amplitude of the output voltage is ΑΓ = fine · 2 (Δ / / / m) · sin〇〇r) = fine · 27ΙΔΓΔ / · sin «kr) /« ΔΓ) where, because of the sine function, the output signal The magnitude ', that is, the signal amplitude measured by the spectrum analyzer 92, will be equal to 5ίη (; ξ /; ΔΓ) / (<„Λ; Γ) Ratio. So 'when a sweeping operation is performed on the modulation frequency, some dip points will be displayed on the spectrum analyzer 92 due to the difference in the demodulated signal strength at each modulation rate' and these pits occur at The frequency is located at = plus' N = 1, 2, 3, 4 ... According to this, the frequency of the first pit will occur at N = 1, that is, where. Therefore, 'after obtaining a frequency value / Λι where the first amplitude trough (concavity) on the frequency axis is obtained', the FM signal can be divided into two paths and then input through the two paths of the optical cable to be measured and the phase shifter. The time difference Δr of the mixer 70 is Δr =] / Fm. In addition, one of the main factors that causes the time difference of the FM signal to be divided into two paths and travel to the mixer 70 is the transmission delay Te 'generated by the second FM electrical signal through the phase shifter 60. The other is another FM The electrical signal is converted by the laser diode 30's electro-optical conversion and the photodetector 5 〇's photoelectric conversion ______- 12 This paper wave size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (21〇ϋmm) 1 ~~ ~----- f .--: ---- install ------ order ------- line 1 (please read the note on the back before filling this page) C7 D7 five 2. Creation description (10). In addition, the transmission time delay of TD caused by the laser light transmitted from the entrance end of the cable under test to the broken position of the optical cable and then reflected back to the entrance end of the optical cable. Based on this, we can get Δ? 仏 + 仏 -7 ;. Also, T 0 and T. It can be measured by calibration experiments; therefore, the laser light is transmitted from the optical input end to the break position of the optical cable, and then reflected back to the optical cable. The time delay caused by the optical input at the input end will be & = 心 + L. In addition, since the TD is a delay time for back and forth reflection, dividing the | time Td by 2 and multiplying by the transmission rate of the laser light in the optical cable, the distance between the break position of the optical cable and the entrance end of the optical cable can be derived. In addition, although the calculation after obtaining the frequency value is not shown in FIG. 1, the tick calculation can be set by software or firmware through a calculation unit C (such as a microprocessor). To do it automatically. Therefore, "obviously" although not shown in the drawings, the detection device disclosed in other embodiments of the present invention may further include a calculation unit for actually calculating the delay time. The Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Government Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed the above-mentioned method of “modulating the carrier frequency by sweeping and modulating the carrier frequency with the above frequency modulation and demodulating the amplitude of the demodulated signal in the frequency domain. The analysis can easily and surely predict the extension time and break position of the optical cable to be measured from the frequency domain, and the required equipment is quite simple. It can even be simply made into a single body, so it will provide a very convenient optical cable. Method for testing wire break position, and-extremely portable device for detecting wire break position. Although many embodiments have been exemplified above for description, various equivalent changes under the technical content disclosed in the present invention should fall within the protection scope of the present invention. ， P -13- This paper Λ · degree applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm)