經濟部中央標率局貝工消費合作社印製 407405"7 ___ D / 五、發明説明（1) 發明背景 本發明與美國應用刊物，序號08/259,980，書名爲"一些 衛星通訊系統，供其使用之接收天線與一些元件"；及美 國應用刊物，序號08/542,493，書名爲”供其使用之迷你開 口（Aperture)終端與天線”有關；僅此附錄以供做參考；於 此有如詳述其全貌而包括其中各圖示。 美國應用刊物’序號〇8/259,980之内文，中揭示一獨特之 C -頻道電視僅供接收用途之天線；該特殊天線可接收來自 一與地球同步軌道之一衛星的一些信號；而此地同步的軌 道内之一衛星將發射低於美國聯邦通訊委員會（FCC)制定 之極限功率階的一些電視訊號；其中，該天線之表面積相 當於3呎直徑的抛物線碟形之表面積；雖然如此，該天線 的表面積是以不同於一抛物形表面之方式分佈。該天線開 口之該形狀能產生此天線圖案（antenna pattern)中之一些零 値發射（nulls);於該發射訊號之對應地點的天線圖案，以 相對於同步軌道内之該有利衛星正負2度（士2。）、正負4度 (±4° )、正負6度（±6。）等角度（實質上會產生干擾一些衛星 的訊號）可能會破壞該天線之表面。該天線能接收數位電 視廣播訊號（DVB);每一標準C -頻道衛星之自動式異頻雷 達接收機（transponder)皆有3至1 0個電視波道。該等波道 之數目則視該節目内容（例如，該壓縮率），人力加工品等 之耐受度，以及衛星之功率而定。該DVB數據流也用來將 其他數據傳遞給消費者；諸如該等網際網路站台（w〇rld wide web sites)上之數據，一些商業資料，保管處的一些 -4- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨0X 297公楚） ----------參—— (讀先閱讀背面之注-意事項•再填寫本頁) 訂 線 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印製 407獅 _______B7 五、發明説明（2 ) 檔案（archives)，一些電視遊樂器（video games)及一些電腦 程式等等。 美國專利應用文件，序號08/542,493揭示了專供上述天 線使用之一種低速數據傳輸率的回送鏈路（return link); (用户至控制中心站台之回送鏈路。）其研發用以饋送一 6〇 億赫茲（6Ghz)訊號的方法：使用相同的天線面積，但於該 天線之此二個主發射面内是以殊異之振幅（amplitude)與相 角（phase)的一些組合而成。該VSAT系統可用作一小型c -頻道VS AT之終端，·由於其形體較小，且更能較輕易地將 其安裝於用户的屋内；此外，該VSAT系統與Ku-頻道的一 些小型VS AT終端一樣，能不受雨水侵蚀。該科技能提供 連接於一使用者與一中心集線（central hub)間的高速數據 傳輸率鏈路一媒介。然而，在某些應用方面則不需要一高 速數據傳輸率之回送鏈路，此時若配置該頻寬給低速數據 傳輸率的一些應用設備使用時，便造成浪費。 一些通訊衛星的一些製造業者將著手研發組合C -頻道， Ku-頻道，以及於該相同衛星内之目前L頻道的一些混合式 衛星。該新加入之L頻道，可用作海事頻道及新配置之行 動式衛星頻道（mobile satellite band)。於該等應用中，較低 頻允許全方向性天線（omnidirectional antennas)的使用；該 全方向性天線不需要爲求有效通訊等目的，而得精確的將 此等天線對準於該衛星。透過該等服務，可同時提供語音 及數據。然而，經由該L頻道系統傳載數據之能力束縛備 至。 -5- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） fI-.—裝------.訂叫：----線 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標率局員工消費合作社印製 407405 at __^__B7 五、發明説明（3 ) 本發明因而直接針對C頻道一些視訊服務之應用而研展 了一套雙向數據回送鏈路之低成本的快速裝置；·但其不致 需要增加該天線整件之尺寸。 發明概诚 本發明採用結合一條L頻道上行鏈路（upiink)與一條c頻 道下行鏈路（downlink)之通訊系統來解決該問題；該套通 訊系統使用該三種碟形設計（dish design)作爲接收天線； 此外一安置於該三種碟形天線之隙縫中的小型天線則作發 射此等&頻道訊號的發射天線。 根據本發明，用以提供雙向通訊的一套裝置包括一種接 收天線；該接收天線具有一開口—其能產生對應於一同步 軌道内之一些衛星的配置的天線主幅射束（main beam)中之 一些零値；該同步軌道中衛星群之配置潛在地將發射一些 干擾訊號。該裝置之接收天線在第—頻道接收一種高速數 據傳輸率之訊號；而一發射天線則被安置於該接收天線的 開口内之隙縫間；其中，該發射天線可於第二頻道發射低 速數據率訊號；但實質上其不致干擾該高速數據傳輸率訊 號的接收。 於此’若鑑於該第二頻率是低於第一頻率的事實，而使 用此接收天線的定位方式時將會助益良多。 根據本發明的某方面而言，若該發射天線，其天線圖案 (antenna pattern)中之主幅射束比該接收天線的一天線圖案 之主幅射束爲寬時，那也就更爲有利。 根據本發明的又另一方面而言，若該第一頻率是C頻道 -6 - 本!^張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4规格（210X 297公釐) ~ (請先閱讀背面之注意事項'再填寫本莧) •裝. 訂 • .n m « 經濟部中央標率局員工消費合作社印製 407405 A7 _______ B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 頻率，而第二頻率是L頻道頻率時，那就更有助益了。該 第一頻率也可能包括Ku-頻道或Ka-頻道在内。 根據本發明’用以提供高速數據傳輸率給使用者之通訊 鍵路’及來自使用者的低速數據傳輸率通信鏈路的方法包 括該等步驟：從一地球同步之軌道衛星，將一高速數據傳 輸率C頻道訊號傳送給用户；使用一小型C頻道天線在用 户住所接收該等高速數據傳輸率C頻道訊號；（此小型c頻 道天線具有實質上對應於來自衛星群之配置的一些干擾訊 號的天線圖案中有零値發射。）再使用小型L頻道天線，將 低速數據傳輸率L頻道訊號傳送至與地球同步軌道的衛 星；（此小型L頻道天線係對準於地球同步衛星。）結果， 此小型C頻道天線指向於地球同步之軌道衛星；此時，使 用接力方式，將該低速數據傳輸率L頻道訊號，由此地球 同步軌道衛星傳送至地面的中心集線站台。 根據本發明之另一方面而言，用以將視訊廣播數據傳送 給用户，並接收來自該用户之即時要求數據的裝置，包 括：用以控制該裝置運轉的中心站台；使用第一頻率，將 各載波分時多重存取數據訊號（carrier time division multiple access data signal)傳送至中心站台的一種裝置 (means);在用户住所利用第二頻率，接收來自該中心站台 的直接視訊廣播裝置；其中，此第一頻率包括L頻道之頻 率；而此第二頻率則包括C頻道之頻率；及一套用來控制 數據與視訊並存的裝置；其中此中心插座站台之直接視訊 廣播’是以相對於輸入視訊（incoming video)量的輸入數據 本紙張尺度適用中國囷家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X 297公釐） f諳先閱讀背面之：，意事項#填寫本頁j •裝 ♦ 線 經濟部中央摞準局貝工消費合作社印製 _____B7 407405__ 五、發明説明（5 ) (incoming data)量爲依據。 再根據本發明的另一方面而言，用作發射的裝置包括混 合式L頻道C頻道天線；該混合式l頻C頻道天線有三個等 尺寸之抛物碟形，其總表面積相當於3呎直徑碟形的表面 積；該等抛物碟形間放置兩具八木天線，以使得其不致由 於這些拋物碟形之故，而阻礙了一些訊號的接收。 圖示之簡單説明 圖1中説明了根據本發明而用作混合式C頻道接收及l頻 道傳輸之八木L頻道天線與c頻道微型天線的配對組合圖 示。 圖2中説明了根據本發明而位於c頻道微型天線的一些天 線碟形元件間的該等八木L頻道天線圖示。 圖3中説明了根據本發明之該混合c頻道/l頻道Vsat接 收器/發射器佈線圖示。 圖4中説明了使用於本發明中之—個中心站台的体線 圖。 詳細説明 本發明融匯了位於衛星上的L頻道接收器，及揭示於以 上已提過之一些專利應用的C頻道系統之高頻寬數據載送 系統。該終端目標就是冗成小而不費，多用途的雙向通訊 系統。自從該等L頻道發射器獲得美國聯邦通訊委員會 (FCC)之授權認可’能使用於一些行動式應用設備 applications)後，已沒有其他認可執照需求之擔負。通 常，這些嘗試獲得認可執照的動作較該設備研發所需花費 -8 - 本紙張尺度適七中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210Χ29^釐） ·---- (請先閱讀背面之注、意事項再填寫本頁) .裝. __ί〇74〇5 五、發明説明（6 ) 的時間爲長。 習用之L頻道通訊系統中最昂貴的部位，就是從衛星 至小型L頻道接收器的傳輸部份。此衛星至vS at下行鏈路 需求高衛星功率的原因在於使用者L頻道接收器及其相對 應之小型全向式天線（〇mnidirecti〇nal antenna)之尺寸。在 上行鏈路，用户給衛星的L頻道訊號抵達衛星；其以接力 方式將該L頻道訊號送回地面的中心站台；其訊號顯著地 較大’而只需較少的衛星功率，因此較爲便宜。 相較冬下’ C頻道通訊系中最爲昂貴的部分，就是從用 户至衛星’並送回地面站台之上行鏈路。這是由於此等發 射天線的尺寸小，且傳輸至在使用者至衛星，衛星至中心 的鏈路上往上傳送至衛星之合成功率（resulting power)。此 外’廣播業者應擔負下行鏈路的成本；而各用户則需承擔 上行鏈路之成本。 本發明根本上去除了此二系統中的最沒效率部分，並結 合剩餘部位，以研發出一套運作效率極高之混合式通訊系 統。縱使該拋物碟形天線可使用於發射及接收，但是該L 頻道之上行鏈路比40/60億赫茲的C -頻道上行鍵路便宜一 些0 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印繁 調變技術 此外，本發明提供一種利用有效供給各裝置的混合式組 合調變技術。爲透過C頻道，將此高速數據傳輸率訊號傳 送給用户，本發明使用像一些mpeg電視標準的一種多波 道各載波碉變技術（multichannel per carrier modulation -9- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X297公釐） 40740¾ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印掣 五、發明説明（ technique);此等MPEG電視標準使用直接視訊廣播⑴心以 Video Broadcast ’ DVB)標準中的正交相角移位鍵(QpsK)調 變方式。 在一般的MPEG格式中，能以多工方式將壓縮電視訊號 (數據）在一個或一個以上的數據波道傳送給用户。本發明 使用這些數據波道將語音及/或即時要求之數據傳送給用 户。在MPEG數據流中的語音及/或數據是以分時多工 (TDM)的格式存在。 L -頻道之上行鏈路使用正交相位移鍵（QpSK)或相當性質 之能量效益單一波道調變（energy efficient sing〗e ehannei modulation)。可按需求調整數據傳輸率至其最大値；例 如，每秒1萬個位元。若壓縮之語音係最強烈的輸入數據 應用時。要求存取協定依序命令這些站台使用該輸入頻 道0 一些應用 此系統之L頻道通訊部分係一種相當低速數據傳輸率的 鏈路。更特別的是，此鏈路傳送像語音，或低速數據傳輸 率的一些應用，但並非視訊應用方面或較爲高速之數據傳 輸率的應用。 此系統之一些C頻道通訊部分是一種相當高速之數據傳 輸率的鏈路。此鏈路傳送一些視頻訊號。壓縮電視訊號或 一些其他寬頻訊號。這些訊號最好是以MpEGi格式存 在，其可爲MPEG-2，MPEG-3或MPEG-4。在欲製成的產品 中，廷些電視訊號是分佈於服務區的單向直導至室内 -10- M氏張尺度適/f)中丽家標毕( 抑衣 訂·--·----0 (讀先閲讀背面之注意事項#'填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印掣 40740^7 五、發明説明（8 ) (DTH)電視的一部分。一些雙向低速數據傳輸率的應用通 常僅佔用此直導至室内DTH電視之服務容量的一小部分。 (上至衛星，下行至L頻道插座站台接收器）的L頻道低速 數據傳輸率波道，將來自一些使用者的語音或數據訊號傳 送至插座中心。該DVB波道内，一支MPEG-Π數據流上的 一般數位式數據波道，能從插座中心，將語音或數據傳送 給用户。是以，從用户至此中心都存在著雙向語音或低速 數據傳輸率波道。顯而易見地，一旦有數據出現於中心 時，即可用已知的一些其他通訊鏈路將此數據遞送至合適 的位置；這些已知的一些通訊鏈路，像公眾電話交換式網 路（public telephone s^yitched network)或網際網路 (Internet)。 由於L頻道上行鏈路的出現，遂造就了允許較寬頻應用 的混合式系統。舉例來説’本發明能滿足需求一量大的下 行鏈結’但只是相當小上行鏈路的任意應用；本發明且能 於各方向作一些低速數據率傳輸的一些應用。其例一即爲 直接廣播互動式電視（direct broadcast interactive television);其中，用户接收電視廣播，並回送一些數據 (例如，訂購或付款訊息）。 如果L頻道及C頻道設備能同時安裝於相同的中心站台 内時’操作將更爲簡便。該中心站台設備接收到一些來自L 頻道接收器的許多輸入訊號後，並將預定傳送至衛星的數 據傳輸至一些C頻道輸入數據埠。該設備的底邊將與該中 心内的一些數據庫（data banks)相連接·經由光纖纜線或以 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） „------裝-- (請先閱讀背面之注，意事項#'填寫本頁) 、3 線 經漪部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 άΟΊφ ------— -----------五、發明説明（9 ) 微波鏈結至一些市區網路，或透過其他一些衛星鏈路通抵 於各國外據點。 就數據而言，該内含一些DVB訊號下行傳送至使用者的 數據流，攜帶用以處理來自一些遠方用户請求回應的一些 封包（現存之一些科技可用）。此數據流接收來自C頻道 DVB數據流之數據流，使得各用户能定時發出數據請求。 該使用者的L頻道發射器根據預設之數據封包所指定之頻 率，在指示的時刻傳送此數據請求。於該中心站台收回此 輸入封包（incoming pricket)，且經由該處理器解譯。就一 些小型數據封包而言，透過該DVB數據流，夾帶一給予用 户之寄件封包，回送此訊息。其適於每觀赏訂賭一，付費 一次。可使用此訊息認可訂單；解發一安全解碼器以防波 道之被攪亂波長而遭竊聽；或者可以將使用者的裝置導引 到配備有一與己要求相近的影片之DVB波道。 於另一方面的應用中，該回應可將一個大的數據檔案載 送給使用者；例如’大英百科全書（Encyclopedia Britannica)，一些電視遊樂圖書，Marilyn Monroe已完成的 所有照片，以及上週所有的新網頁等…。（可將該數據系 統之設計效益控制到100% ;且以每小時100美元（$ 100/hour)的代價取得一每秒5百萬個位元組（5MB/sec)之料 讀取率載送一些檔案；亦即每5百萬個位元需30/5百萬位 元。 第三個應用爲語音。壓縮語音的服務需求各方向大約每 秒1萬個位元（1 〇kb/s)之數據傳輸率的波道。以分時多工於 -12- (請先閱讀背面之"意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 、-° 線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 五、發明説明（10 40740^ 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 DVB數據波道將语音傳送給c頻道上的使用者。來自使用 的語音係單一波道各L頻道上的載波。每_個5百萬赫兹 (5MHz)之DVB波道能搞帶大約每秒1萬個位元蜂巢式數位 語音的500個波道。此下行鏈路的成本大約每小時5〇 0 (5〇 0/111')或每分鐘〇.〇〇1(〇.〇〇1/]11丨11)。該輸入之[頻道鏈路將視 使用之設計，價格將較爲高昂。 天線 就此三種應用中用户使用的終端設備的硬體皆相同。揭 示於美國專利應用編號08/259,980之設計的直接接收天線 (direct receive antenna)(先前已附錄供做參考）能接收來自 衛星的一些垂直與水平極化電波。L頻道發射天線是一金 屬八木天線（wire Yagi antenna);該較佳之天線型式係1個 或2個天線架載於該等圓圈之間。 參照圖1 ’其爲本發明之混合式天線的圖示。該混合式 天線1，包括此三種拋物碟形天線2、3、4揭示於如圖如 示的先前專利中，及兩個L頻道天線5、6。該C頻道天線 2、3、4與先前專利中所説的相同；但是，一些其他改變 處則儘可能與彼處所述的相同。 於中央反射器3 (central reflector 3)及兩個旁反射器（side reflector)2、4間的一些隙縫處安置該等L頻道發射天線。 在該等隙缝中放置這些發射天線5、6後，發射天線5、6 不致干擾接收訊號。 該L頻道發射天線5、6是由兩個八木天線所構成。天線 5、6，其主幅射束有方向增益（gain);將此等天線指向利 -13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X297公釐） 請· 先 閱 讀 背 ϊδ 之 注 項· 再 填 I裝 頁 訂 線 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 407405 _______ B7___ 五、發明説明（11 ) 〜 益衛星時，可提供高於全向式天線10倍之方向增益。將梦 等八木天線5、6安置於如圖所示的位置，並將其指向調整 至與該C頻道碟形2、3 ' 4相同的方向時，其上行鏈路所 需之功率相對於通常使用於L頻道之行動式應用的全向式 天線之使用時，可大爲減少。 圖1A所示爲使用於本發明之八木天線5的一種單—極化 版本之側視圖（side view)與正視圖（front view)的一個例 子。圖1B所示爲使用於本發明之l頻道天線的一種多重極 化（multiple polarizatipn)版本之正視圖與侧視圖的一個例 子。注意’在該多重極化的例子中，兩條垂直於此方向軸 2 3的繞線2 1、2 2 ’被擺置成彼此相互垂直，以期同時獲 垂直與水平之極化電波；其中，在單一極化的例子中，僅 有一垂直於該方向軸23的金屬線21被使用。也可使用一 些相位網路來結合該等水平及垂直極化，以產生右手及左 手圓極化。 也可使用現存之C頻道碟形2、3、4中的一個或兩個， 以饋送L頻道與C頻道。但是，該饋線組織可能較該個別 八木天線5、6更爲複雜。該八木天線5、6係相同於家用 電視之屋頂天線，只是其形體較小；因爲，該使用之頻率 是兩倍於廣播電視之超高頻（UHF)所使用之頻率。 兩個天線之組合減少了一半所需之功率；因此，圖1之 對稱設計以使用兩個天線爲佳。該交叉式天線（crossed antenna)的選擇（圖iB所圖示），若該衛星使用圓形極化之 接收方式時，則該天線组合可傳輸垂直極化與水平極化， -14- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） ---------Μ------3Τ——.----^ (諳先閱讀背面之注意事i再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印繁 4074705 ________B7_ 五 '發明説明（12 ) 或圓形極化波。 該八木天線5、6僅爲屬金導管（metai iUbe)上的薄金屬 線。將其製成富有彈性，及儘所需的加強其薄度；但其仍 能符合可用之需求。若將其塗黑，則鄰近於一些C頻道反 射器2、3 ' 4的地方，將幾乎察覺不出八木天線5、6的存 在。將八木天線5、6放置於此c頻道2、3、4之該等圓圈 之間；是以’其不致干擾C頻道天線之接收圖案。見於圖 1。 雖然有其他組合L頻道及c頻道元件的一些可能方法， 但這種方式絕對是最有效率的一種。本發明提供實質上不 改變該DTH電視元件的一大串雙向服務之陣列。本發明甚 至能被加入僅作接收用途之天線，因爲其享有共有的電子 部分。該L頻道僅使用此c頻道之天線結構，以指向於相 同衛星。甚至於迴避使用於本發明之該等室内電子裝置 (IRD) 〇 用户系統 翻閲至圖3，3個拋物碟形天線用以接收該^頻道訊號， 並核合至背板9及結合器元件η ;背板9及結合器元件 係位於天線1之背面載架之一電子封包9。而後該等〇頻道 訊號被送至此室内之視訊之星的室内電子裝置（Star Video IRD) 12内的接收器（該接收器未被圖示）該IRd 12可用以連 接電視（未予以圖示）及/或電腦（未予以圖示）。 在傳輸部分：用户將來自電腦或電視之數據輸入IRD盒 12，而其再被送至此L頻道發射器11，轉換成一種l頻道 •15- 張尺度適用巾®财料.（CNS ) A4規格（21GX297公资) ~ -----^-----抑衣------ΐτ--.----^ t锖先閱讀背面之：^意事t再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標率局員工消费合作社印聚 407405 A7 _____B7____ 五、發明説明（13 ) 傳輸訊號’並將其上傳至天線後方的該電子封包9。該等 L頻道，然後被送至此l頻道發射放大器1〇 ;此L-頻道發 射放大器可放大訊號，且將其耦合於八木天線5、6，俾供 廣播之用途。此等C頻道碟形也被指向於該等L頻道訊號 容限内之衛星後，該等使用於廣播用途之L頻道訊號被傳 送至此衛星。該衛星將接收此等L頻道訊號，並傳回地面 的中心站台1 3 ;如圖4所示。 地面站台 該L -頻道下行鏈路被c頻道及L頻道之碟形組合體14所 接收’其並被傳送至該要求多工器（demand multiplexer) 18 ’且被放置於此雙向服務模組2 〇 ;該雙向服務模組2 〇 再透過地面鏈路將此等訊號傳遞至合適的地點。 在傳送方面’該視訊飼服器（video servers) 19，將該等 DVB電視訊號輸出至多工器17;多工器I?能產生藉由c頻 道及L頻道碟形組合束13，來發射至衛星的一種訊號c頻 道訊號。另外依據空間及價格之需求也可個別使用C頻道 15及L頻道16。然後’該衛星藉由接力方式此等c頻道訊 號送回地面；地面配備有本發明之三種抛物碟形天線2、 3、4以接收此等C頻道訊號。 透過一些地面鏈路或經由該等視訊伺服器19送出各數據 請求仏號。DVB數據輸入（data in)直接被傳遞至該多工 器。依據該輸入數據的量，輸入視訊波道的數目，以及用 以容納數據的該等混合波道，轉換於多工器内的視訊訊 號，以囊括該等數據波道。一些數據請求之型式可能像許 -16 - 本紙張尺度適用巾國㊉:標準（CNS )纟4祕（2l〇X297公楚)~ ~ - ------------^------1T--.----.^ (請先閱讀背面之：工意事項再填寫本頁^ 407405 A7 B7 五、發明説明（Μ ) 多網際封包，或其他電腦數據，或簡易帳單或來自使用者 訂購有關此直播視訊服務之資訊。 總而言之’本發明是獨特的L頻道立即要求單載波各波 道刀時多重存取變於該輸入方，或將一些外向直接視 訊廣㈣據波道傳送至中心站台的組合；該等直接視訊廣 播數據波道内I分時多工之語音與即時要求之數據栽送。 先前所提的兩種個別技巧之組合，能使得該等服務之成本 顯著降低。 -----------装------,玎--.----m * (請先閱讀背面之汰意事Is再填寫本頁) 經漪部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 -17- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家梯準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐）Printed by 407405 " 7 ___ D / 5. Description of the invention (1) Background of the invention The present invention and the United States Application Publication No. 08 / 259,980, titled "Some satellite communication systems for its The receiving antenna used is related to some components; and US Application Publication No. 08 / 542,493, entitled "Aperture Terminals and Antennas for Its Use"; this appendix is for reference only; details are provided here. It is described in its entirety and includes illustrations. The content of US Application Publication No. 08 / 259,980 reveals a unique C-channel TV antenna for reception only; the special antenna can receive some signals from a satellite in a geosynchronous orbit; and the synchronization here Satellite in orbit will emit some television signals below the limit power level set by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC); of which, the surface area of the antenna is equivalent to the surface area of a parabolic dish with a diameter of 3 feet; nevertheless, the antenna The surface area is distributed differently from a parabolic surface. The shape of the antenna opening can generate some nulls in the antenna pattern; the antenna pattern at the corresponding location of the transmitting signal is plus or minus 2 degrees relative to the favorable satellite in the synchronous orbit ( (2), angles of plus or minus 4 degrees (± 4 °), plus or minus 6 degrees (± 6.), Etc. (essentially will cause interference with some satellite signals) may damage the surface of the antenna. The antenna can receive digital TV broadcast signals (DVB); each standard C-channel satellite has an automatic transponder with 3 to 10 TV channels. The number of these channels depends on the content of the program (for example, the compression ratio), the tolerance of the processed artifacts, etc., and the power of the satellite. The DVB data stream is also used to pass other data to consumers; such as data on such wide web sites, some commercial information, and some of the depository. This paper standard applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 Specification (2 丨 0X 297 Gongchu) ---------- Refer to-(Read the note on the back-matters needing attention • then fill out this page) Central Standard of the Ministry of Economics 407 Lions printed by Bureau Coconut Consumer Cooperative _______B7 V. Description of invention (2) Archives, some video games and some computer programs, etc. US Patent Application Serial No. 08 / 542,493 discloses a low-speed data link return link for the above antenna; (return link from user to control center station.) It was developed to feed a 6 The method of 6 Ghz signal: the same antenna area is used, but in the two main transmitting surfaces of the antenna are formed by some combinations of different amplitudes and phase angles. The VSAT system can be used as a small c-channel VS AT terminal. · Because of its small size and easier installation in the user's house; In addition, the VSAT system and some small VS of Ku-channel Like AT terminals, they are immune to rain. This technology can provide a high-speed data rate link-media that connects a user to a central hub. However, in some applications, a high-speed data transmission rate loop is not required. At this time, if the bandwidth is configured for some application equipment with a low-speed data transmission rate, it will cause waste. Some manufacturers of communication satellites will begin to develop combinations of C-channel, Ku-channel, and some hybrid satellites of the current L-channel within the same satellite. The newly added L channel can be used as a maritime channel and a newly configured mobile satellite band. In these applications, lower frequencies allow the use of omnidirectional antennas; the omnidirectional antennas need not be precisely aligned with the satellite for purposes such as effective communication. Through these services, both voice and data can be provided. However, the ability to carry data via this L-channel system is hampered. -5- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) fI -.— installation ------. Order: ---- line (please read the precautions on the back before filling (This page) Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs at 407405 at __ ^ __ B7 V. Description of the Invention (3) The present invention has therefore developed a set of two-way data return links directly for the application of some video services on channel C. Low cost fast device; but it does not need to increase the size of the whole antenna. The invention adopts a communication system that combines an L-channel uplink (upiink) and a c-channel downlink (downlink) to solve the problem; the communication system uses the three dish designs for reception Antenna; In addition, a small antenna placed in the slot of the three dish antennas is used as a transmitting antenna for transmitting these & channel signals. According to the present invention, a device for providing two-way communication includes a receiving antenna; the receiving antenna has an opening which can generate an antenna main beam corresponding to a configuration of some satellites in a synchronous orbit Some zeros; the configuration of the satellite group in this synchronous orbit will potentially emit some interference signals. The receiving antenna of the device receives a signal of a high-speed data transmission rate on the first channel; and a transmitting antenna is disposed between the gaps in the opening of the receiving antenna; wherein the transmitting antenna can transmit a low-speed data rate on the second channel. Signal; but it does not substantially interfere with the reception of the high-speed data rate signal. Here, if considering the fact that the second frequency is lower than the first frequency, using the positioning method of the receiving antenna will help a lot. According to an aspect of the present invention, it is more advantageous if the main antenna beam in the antenna pattern of the transmitting antenna is wider than the main antenna beam in an antenna pattern of the receiving antenna. . According to yet another aspect of the present invention, if the first frequency is channel C-6-this! ^ Zhang scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specifications (210X 297 mm) ~ (Please read the note on the back first Matters' then fill out this 苋) • Install. Order • .nm «Printed by the Central Consumer Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives 407405 A7 _______ B7 V. Description of the Invention (4) When the second frequency is the L channel frequency, then Even more helpful. The first frequency may also include Ku-channels or Ka-channels. The method according to the present invention for a "communication channel for providing a high-speed data transmission rate to a user" and a low-speed data transmission rate communication link from a user includes the steps of: from a geosynchronous orbiting satellite to a high-speed data The transmission rate C channel signal is transmitted to the user; a small C channel antenna is used to receive these high-speed data transmission rate C channel signals at the user's residence; (this small c channel antenna has substantially corresponding interference signals from the satellite group configuration. There is zero emission in the antenna pattern.) Then a small L-channel antenna is used to transmit a low-speed data transmission rate L-channel signal to a satellite in geosynchronous orbit; (this small L-channel antenna is aligned with a geosynchronous satellite.) As a result, This small C-channel antenna is pointed at a geosynchronous orbiting satellite; at this time, the low-speed data transmission rate L-channel signal is transmitted by a relay method, and thus the geosynchronous orbiting satellite is transmitted to the center hub station on the ground. According to another aspect of the present invention, a device for transmitting video broadcast data to a user and receiving instant request data from the user includes: a central station for controlling the operation of the device; using a first frequency, transmitting A means for transmitting carrier time division multiple access data signals to a central station; at a user's residence, a second frequency is used to receive a direct video broadcast device from the central station; among them, The first frequency includes the frequency of the L channel; and the second frequency includes the frequency of the C channel; and a device for controlling the coexistence of data and video; wherein the direct video broadcast of the central socket station is relative to the input video (Incoming video) The input data of this paper is in accordance with China Standards (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297 mm). F 谙 Read the back of the first :, Italian matter # Fill in this page. Printed by the Zhuhai Bureau Shellfish Consumer Cooperative _____B7 407405__ 5. The amount of invention description (5) (incoming data) is based on the amount. According to another aspect of the present invention, the transmitting device includes a hybrid L-channel C-channel antenna; the hybrid l-frequency C-channel antenna has three parabolic dish shapes of equal size, and its total surface area is equivalent to a diameter of 3 feet. The surface area of the dish; two Yagi antennas are placed between the parabolic dishes so that they do not hinder the reception of some signals due to the parabolic dishes. Brief Description of the Figures Figure 1 illustrates a paired combination of a Yagi L-channel antenna and a c-channel micro-antenna used for hybrid C-channel reception and l-channel transmission according to the present invention. Fig. 2 illustrates a diagram of the Yagi L-channel antennas located between some antenna dish elements of a c-channel micro-antenna according to the present invention. Fig. 3 illustrates a schematic diagram of the hybrid c-channel / l-channel Vsat receiver / transmitter wiring according to the present invention. FIG. 4 illustrates a body line diagram of a central station used in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The present invention incorporates a L-channel receiver on a satellite and a high-frequency data transmission system for a C-channel system disclosed in some of the patent applications mentioned above. The goal of this terminal is to make a small, inexpensive and versatile two-way communication system. Since these L-channel transmitters have been authorized by the US Federal Communications Commission (FCC) to be used in some mobile application equipment applications, there is no other burden of accreditation requirements. Generally, these attempts to obtain an accredited license cost less than the equipment R & D cost. -8-This paper is compliant with the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 29 ^ centimeter) · ---- (Please read the note on the back, (Please fill in this page again for the matters needing attention). 装 __ί〇74〇5 5. The description of invention (6) takes a long time. The most expensive part of the conventional L-channel communication system is the transmission from the satellite to the small L-channel receiver. This satellite to vS at downlink requires high satellite power due to the size of the user's L-channel receiver and its corresponding small omnidirectional antenna. On the uplink, the user ’s L-channel signal to the satellite arrives at the satellite; it relays the L-channel signal back to the central station on the ground; its signal is significantly larger and requires less satellite power, so it is more Cheap. Compared to the next winter, the most expensive part of the C-channel communication system is the uplink from the user to the satellite and sent back to the ground station. This is due to the small size of these transmitting antennas and the transmission to the resultant power of the user-to-satellite, satellite-to-center links and the satellites. In addition, the broadcaster should bear the cost of the downlink; each user must bear the cost of the uplink. The present invention basically removes the most inefficient part of these two systems and combines the remaining parts to develop a hybrid communication system with extremely high operating efficiency. Even though the parabolic dish antenna can be used for transmission and reception, the uplink of the L channel is cheaper than the uplink channel of the C-channel at 4/60 billion Hz. 0 Technology In addition, the present invention provides a hybrid combined modulation technology that efficiently supplies each device. In order to transmit this high-speed data transmission rate signal to the user through the C channel, the present invention uses a multichannel per carrier modulation technology like some mpeg television standards (multichannel per carrier modulation -9- This paper standard applies to Chinese national standards ( CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297mm) 40740¾ Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Inventive Techniques; These MPEG TV standards use direct video broadcasting and focus on the orthogonality of the Video Broadcast 'DVB) standard Phase angle shift key (QpsK) modulation. In the general MPEG format, compressed television signals (data) can be transmitted to users in one or more data channels in a multiplexed manner. The present invention uses these data channels to deliver voice and / or on-demand data to the user. Voice and / or data in an MPEG data stream exists in a time division multiplexed (TDM) format. The uplink of the L-channel uses quadrature phase shift keying (QpSK) or equivalent energy efficient single channel modulation (ehannei modulation). The data transmission rate can be adjusted to its maximum value as required; for example, 10,000 bits per second. If the compressed speech is the strongest input data when applied. The access protocol is required to order these stations to use the input channel in order. Some applications The L-channel communication part of this system is a relatively low-speed data transmission link. More specifically, this link transmits some applications like voice, or low-speed data transfer rates, but not video applications or higher-speed data transfer rates. Some of the C channel communication parts of this system are a relatively high-speed data transmission link. This link carries some video signals. Compress the TV signal or some other broadband signal. These signals are preferably in the MpEGi format, which can be MPEG-2, MPEG-3 or MPEG-4. In the products to be made, these TV signals are distributed from the service area to the indoor one-way direct to indoor -10- M's Zhang scale appropriate / f) Zhongli Jiabiao Bi (Yi Yiding ... ----- --0 (Read the first note on the back # 'Fill this page) Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives, 40740 ^ 7 5. Description of Invention (8) Part of (DTH) TV. Some two-way low-speed data transmission The rate application usually only takes up a small part of the service capacity direct to the indoor DTH TV. (Up to the satellite, down to the L channel socket station receiver) The L channel low-speed data transmission rate channel will come from some users The voice or data signal is transmitted to the socket center. In this DVB channel, a general digital data channel on an MPEG-Π data stream can transmit voice or data from the socket center to the user. So, from the user to this There are two-way voice or low-speed data rate channels in the center. Obviously, once data appears in the center, this data can be delivered to the appropriate location using some other known communication link; these known communication link Like a public telephone s ^ yitched network or the Internet. The advent of L-channel uplinks has created a hybrid system that allows wider-band applications. For example, the invention Can meet the needs of a large amount of downlink links' but only fairly small uplink arbitrary applications; the invention can be used in all directions for some low-speed data rate transmission of some applications. One example is direct broadcast interactive television ( direct broadcast interactive television); Among them, the user receives the television broadcast and sends back some data (for example, order or payment message). If the L channel and C channel equipment can be installed in the same central station at the same time, the operation will be simpler. After receiving many input signals from the L channel receiver, the center station equipment will transmit the data scheduled to be transmitted to the satellite to some C channel input data ports. The bottom edge of the device will be connected to some databases in the center (data banks) connected via fiber-optic cable or -11-This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 210X297 mm) „------ install-(please read the note on the back, the item # 'to fill out this page), 3 printed by the Central Standards Bureau, the Consumers' Cooperative of the Ministry of Economics and Economics ----- --- ----------- V. Description of the invention (9) Microwave links to some urban networks, or to other foreign bases through other satellite links. As far as data is concerned, the Contains some DVB signals that are transmitted downstream to the user, carrying some packets used to process requests from some distant users to respond (some existing technologies are available). This data stream receives the data stream from the DVB data stream of the C channel, so that each user can send data requests regularly. The user's L-channel transmitter transmits the data request at the indicated time according to the frequency specified by the preset data packet. The incoming pricket is retrieved at the central station and interpreted by the processor. For some small data packets, the DVB data stream is used to enclose a mailing packet given to the user and return this message. It is suitable for one bet and one pay per viewing. You can use this message to approve the order; release a security decoder to prevent the channel from being scrambled and eavesdropped; or you can direct the user's device to a DVB channel equipped with a film close to the request. In another application, the response could send a large data file to the user; for example, 'Encyclopedia Britannica', some TV playbooks, all photos completed by Marilyn Monroe, and all photos from last week New page etc ... (The design efficiency of this data system can be controlled to 100%; and a material read rate of 5 million bytes per second (5MB / sec) is obtained at the price of $ 100 per hour ($ 100 / hour) Send some files; that is, 30/5 million bits per 5 million bits. The third application is voice. The service demand for compressed voice is about 10,000 bits per second (10 kb / s in each direction). ) Of the data transmission rate channel. Time-sharing and multiplexing at -12- (please read the "Italy" on the back before filling in this page). The paper size of the-° line paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification. (210X297 mm) V. Description of the invention (10 40740 ^ The DVB data channel printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs transmits the voice to the user on channel c. The voice from the single channel is used for each L channel Carriers on the carrier. Each DVB channel of 5 million hertz (5MHz) can make 500 channels with approximately 10,000 bits of cellular digital speech per second. The cost of this downlink is about 50 per hour 0 (5〇0 / 111 ') or 0.001 per minute (〇.〇〇1 /] 11 丨 11). The [channel link of this input will depend on the use The price will be relatively high. Antennas The hardware of the terminal equipment used by the users in these three applications is the same. The direct receive antenna designed in the US patent application number 08 / 259,980 (previously appended for making Reference) Can receive some vertically and horizontally polarized radio waves from satellites. The L-channel transmitting antenna is a metal Yagi antenna; the preferred antenna type is one or two antenna frames mounted between these circles. Referring to FIG. 1 ', which is a diagram of a hybrid antenna of the present invention. The hybrid antenna 1, including the three parabolic dish antennas 2, 3, 4 is disclosed in the previous patent as shown in the figure, and two L Channel antennas 5, 6. The C-channel antennas 2, 3, 4 are the same as described in the previous patent; however, some other changes are as much as possible as described there. Central reflector 3 The L-channel transmitting antennas are placed in the slots between the two side reflectors 2 and 4. After placing the transmitting antennas 5 and 6 in the slots, the transmitting antennas 5 and 6 will not interfere with the connection. Signal. The L-channel transmitting antennas 5 and 6 are composed of two Yagi antennas. Antennas 5 and 6 have directional gains in their main beams; point these antennas at Lee-13- This paper is for China National Standard (CNS) Α4 Specification (210X297 mm) Please read the note of δ first and then fill in I. Binding Line. Printed by the Central Consumers Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Consumer Cooperatives. It can provide 10 times higher directional gain than omnidirectional antenna. When the Yugi Yagi antennas 5 and 6 are placed at the positions shown in the figure, and their directions are adjusted to the same direction as the C channel dish 2, 3 '4, the power required for the uplink is relatively The use of omnidirectional antennas for L-channel mobile applications can be greatly reduced. Fig. 1A shows an example of a side view and a front view of a single-polarized version of the Yagi antenna 5 used in the present invention. FIG. 1B shows an example of a front view and a side view of a multiple polarizatipn version of the l-channel antenna used in the present invention. Note 'In this example of multiple polarizations, two windings 2 1, 2 2' perpendicular to the axis 23 of this direction are placed perpendicular to each other in order to obtain vertical and horizontal polarized waves at the same time; In the single polarization example, only a metal wire 21 perpendicular to the direction axis 23 is used. Phase networks can also be used to combine these horizontal and vertical polarizations to produce right-handed and left-handed circular polarizations. It is also possible to use one or two of the existing C channel discs 2, 3, and 4 to feed the L and C channels. However, the feeder organization may be more complicated than the individual Yagi antennas 5,6. The Yagi antennas 5 and 6 are the same as roof antennas of home televisions, except that they are smaller in shape; because the frequency used is twice the frequency used by the ultra-high frequency (UHF) of broadcast television. The combination of the two antennas reduces the required power by half; therefore, the symmetrical design of Figure 1 is better with two antennas. The selection of the crossed antenna (illustrated in Figure iB). If the satellite uses a circular polarization receiving method, the antenna combination can transmit vertical polarization and horizontal polarization. -14- The dimensions are applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297 mm) --------- M ------ 3T ——.---- ^ (谙 Read the notes on the back first i (Fill in this page again.) Central Government Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives, India Fan 4704705 ________B7_ Five 'Invention Description (12) or circularly polarized waves. The Yagi antennas 5 and 6 are only thin metal wires on a metal iUbe. It is made flexible and reinforced as thinly as possible; however, it still meets the available requirements. If it is blackened, the proximity of some C-channel reflectors 2, 3'4 will hardly detect the existence of Yagi antennas 5,6. The Yagi antennas 5 and 6 are placed between the circles of the C channels 2, 3, and 4; so that they do not interfere with the receiving pattern of the C channel antennas. See Figure 1. Although there are other possible ways to combine L-channel and c-channel components, this method is definitely the most efficient one. The present invention provides an array of two-way services that does not substantially change the DTH television element. The invention can even be incorporated into antennas for reception only, as they share a common electronic part. The L channel uses only the antenna structure of this c channel to point to the same satellite. Even avoiding the indoor electronic devices (IRDs) used in the present invention 〇 The user system flips to Figure 3, and three parabolic dish antennas are used to receive the ^ channel signal, and are integrated to the back plate 9 and the coupler element η; the back plate 9 and the coupler element are electronic packages 9 located on one of the back carriers of the antenna 1. These channel 0 signals are then sent to the receiver (Star Receiver) in the indoor video device (Star Video IRD) 12 of this room. The IRd 12 can be used to connect to a TV (not shown) And / or computer (not shown). In the transmission part: the user inputs the data from the computer or TV into the IRD box 12 and it is sent to this L-channel transmitter 11 to be converted into a l-channel • 15-sheet scale suitable towels (CNS) A4 specification (21GX297 public funds) ~ ----- ^ ----- Yi Yi -------- ΐτ --.---- ^ t 锖 Read the back: ^ 意 事 t before filling in this page) The Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed 407405 A7 _____B7____ V. Description of the invention (13) The signal was transmitted and uploaded to the electronic packet 9 behind the antenna. The L channels are then sent to the l-channel transmitting amplifier 10; this L-channel transmitting amplifier can amplify the signal and couple it to the Yagi antennas 5, 6 for broadcasting purposes. After these C-channel discs are also pointed at the satellites within the L-channel signal tolerance, the L-channel signals used for broadcasting are transmitted to this satellite. The satellite will receive these L channel signals and return them to the central station 1 3 on the ground; as shown in Figure 4. The ground station's L-channel downlink is received by the c-channel and L-channel disc assembly 14 'and transmitted to the demand multiplexer 18' and placed in this two-way service module 2 〇; The two-way service module 2 〇Then pass these signals to the appropriate place through the ground link. In terms of transmission, the video server 19 outputs the DVB television signals to the multiplexer 17; the multiplexer I? Can generate a c-channel and an L-channel disc-shaped combination beam 13 for transmission to A type of signal from a satellite. In addition, C channel 15 and L channel 16 can be used individually according to space and price requirements. Then the satellite is sent back to the ground by relaying these c-channel signals; the ground is equipped with the three parabolic dish antennas 2, 3, 4 of the present invention to receive these c-channel signals. Each data request number is sent via some terrestrial links or via these video servers 19. The DVB data in is passed directly to the multiplexer. According to the amount of the input data, the number of input video channels, and the mixed channels used to accommodate the data, the video signals in the multiplexer are converted to include the data channels. Some types of data requests may look like Xu-16-This paper is applicable to national standards: Standard (CNS), 4 secrets (2l0X297), ~~ ------------- ^- ----- 1T --.----. ^ (Please read the back of the page first: work intentions and then fill out this page ^ 407405 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (M) Multiple Internet packets, or other computer data, or Simple billing or information from users ordering this live video service. In short, the invention is unique. The L channel immediately requires multiple accesses to the input side when a single carrier is used for each channel, or some outbound direct video services. ㈣ The combination of channel transmission to the central station; the direct video broadcast data channel I time-multiplexed voice and immediate request data delivery. The combination of the two individual techniques mentioned previously enables these services The cost is significantly reduced. ----------- install ------, 玎 --.---- m * (Please read the article on the back before filling out this page) Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards, Yigong Consumer Cooperatives -17- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard for Ladder (CNS) A4 (210X297 mm)