A7 B7 ί，夕 槪: ^^本有熟變更貧赏内容是否准予修正。 經滴部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（^ 粉使用鑛鈦鑽石，其尺寸大小的使用，2〇〜5〇網眼㈣⑴ 、日的鑽石顆粒使用於切割，〜4〇〇網眼(mesh)間的鑽石顆 粒使用於初級的研磨，-彻mesh間的鑽石顆粒使用於精 密。的研磨。而鑽石濃度的使用，切割所需的鑽石濃度約 20 /。〜1 〇〇%，研磨所需的鑽石濃度約1 〇〇Q/。〜。其中鑽石 /辰度之定義為100%=4 4克拉/立方公分及一克拉=〇 2公克鑽 石。圖一係為利用本發明製成之鑽石鋸片的切刀，圖二係 為利用本發明製成之鑽石鋸片，圖三係為利用本發明製成 之鑽石工具磨片，由上述可知本發明應用之場合極廣。 比較例子 表一為商用熱壓法與本發明燒結法所製作之鑽石工具 的製程參數及性質比較。本發明所製成之物件具有用途範 圍廣、鑽石顆粒不易脫落、基材硬度可大幅調整、鑽石銳 利度佳及製造成本低廉等優點，且鑽石顆粒與基材結合面 較強’鑽石顆粒研磨損失的方式為漸近式磨耗，而不像熱 壓法之鑽石顆粒暴露小於錢石顆粒高度1/2的磨耗且為拉出 之形式。圖四係商用鑽石工具破斷面的顯微結構，圖五係 其鑽石顆粒燒製完後的形態，圖六為商用鑽石工具切削後 的表面情形，因商用鑽石工具的相粒的抓持力不佳，故鑽 石顆粒於切削時嚴重的脫落，漸近式的磨耗使用高度甚 低，造成其研磨率（被研磨材與刀具體積損耗比:cm3/cm3) 低0 本纸伕尺度適用中國國家標準（CN'S ) A4現格（210X297公釐） I!—. -I •- I ml IT.il - H 士I ---··.· 1 (請先閔讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 4^484- 五、發明説明（/ .背景說明 - <發明範疇> 請 先 閲 讀 背 之 注 意 事 項 再_ 寫 本 頁 i 本發明是有關一種易於大量生產、應用範圍廣，且鑛鈦 鑽石顆粒與結合基材之間結合力強的—種塊狀切削與研磨 鑽石工具的製造方法’係以高燒結活性碳酿基鐵粉為主要 基材’可在低溫燒結時達到高燒結密度，以及添加合金元 素來調整基材硬度之物理性質’合金元素之相對比例依用 途需求而可適當的調配。本發明採用之商業鍍鈦(及鍍路)鐵 石顆粒係經由表面鍍鈦及熱處理後，於鑽石表面形成 厚的漸近碳化鈦層，利用此具鍍碳化鈦之鑽石顆粒，來增 加鑽石顆粒與鐵基金屬基材的結合度及避免鑽石顆粒受鐵. 基金屬基材之催化而導致石墨化，依此調配的鐵基粉末與 鑽石顆粒經由成形及燒結而製成之塊狀複合材料，適用多 種切削與研磨環境的鑽石工具。 <先前技藝描述> 表面塗層的鑽石工具(Surface -Set Diamond Tool)通常使 經濟部中夬標準局貝工消費合作社印裝 用時僅有一層薄薄的鑽石層。此種表面佈植的工具，主要 缺點為鑽名層很難控制達到多層之產品，在連續式加工中 較不能符合自動化的要求，所以才有以塊狀的鑽石工具的 需求。 以低濃度鑽石製成的塊狀鑽石工具之鑽石顆粒結合介質 有很多種，包含金屬、陶瓷(玻璃成份)或樹脂等於鑽石工具 基材上的使用。早期使用以玻璃為結合介質的方法製作鑽 石工具，但其硬脆的特性，成為其使用上的限制。於是亦 ' 3 tilil^iiTcNS ) ( 210X297^* ) — ' ~^ nu 五 -- 發明説明（c?·A7 B7 ί, Xi 槪: ^^ This book has changed whether the content of the poor reward is allowed to be amended. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of Didi Ministry. 5. Description of the invention (^ powder uses mineral titanium diamond, its size is used, 20 ~ 50 mesh ㈣⑴, Japanese diamond particles are used for cutting, ~ 400. The diamond particles between the meshes are used for primary grinding, and the diamond particles between the meshes are used for precision grinding. With the use of diamond concentration, the diamond concentration required for cutting is about 20 /. ~ 100% The concentration of diamond required for grinding is about 100Q /. ~. Among them, the definition of diamond / centre is 100% = 44 carats per cubic centimeter and one carat = 0 2 grams of diamonds. Figure 1 shows a system made by using the present invention. The cutting knife of the completed diamond saw blade is shown in FIG. 2 as a diamond saw blade made by using the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diamond tool abrasive disc made by using the present invention. From the above, it can be seen that the application of the present invention is extremely extensive. Examples Table 1 shows the comparison of the process parameters and properties of diamond tools made by the commercial hot pressing method and the sintering method of the present invention. The objects made by the present invention have a wide range of uses, diamond particles are not easy to fall off, the hardness of the substrate can be greatly adjusted, and the diamond Good sharpness The advantages of low manufacturing cost and strong bonding between diamond particles and the substrate, the method of abrasive loss of diamond particles is asymptotic abrasion, unlike diamond particles exposed by hot pressing, which are less than 1/2 of the height of the stones and are Drawing form. Figure 4 shows the microstructure of the broken surface of commercial diamond tools, Figure 5 shows the morphology of the diamond particles after firing, and Figure 6 shows the surface of the commercial diamond tools after cutting. The grip of the grains is not good, so the diamond grains fall off severely during cutting. The asymptotic abrasion uses a very low height, resulting in a low grinding rate (volume loss ratio of the material to be grinded and the tool: cm3 / cm3). 0 Paper 伕The scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CN'S) A4 (210X297 mm) I! —. -I •-I ml IT.il-H person I --- ···· 1 (Please read the notes on the back first (Fill in this page again) A7 B7 4 ^ 484- V. Description of the invention (/. Background note-< Scope of the invention > Please read the notes of the back first _ Write this page i This invention is about an easy mass production and application Wide range and combination of mineral titanium diamond particles Strong bonding between materials-a method for manufacturing block cutting and grinding diamond tools 'based on high-sintering activated carbon-based iron powder as the main substrate' can achieve high sintering density at low temperature sintering and the addition of alloying elements to Adjust the physical properties of the hardness of the substrate. The relative proportions of the alloying elements can be appropriately adjusted according to the needs of the application. The commercial titanium (and plated) iron particles used in the present invention are formed on the surface of the diamond by titanium plating and heat treatment. Asymptotic titanium carbide layer, use this titanium carbide-plated diamond particles to increase the degree of bonding between diamond particles and iron-based metal substrate and avoid diamond particles from iron. Graphiteization caused by the catalysis of metal-based substrates The iron-based powder and diamond particles are shaped and sintered to form a block composite material, which is suitable for diamond tools in a variety of cutting and grinding environments. < Description of prior art > The surface-set diamond tool usually has only a thin layer of diamond when it is printed by the China Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfisher Consumer Cooperative. The main disadvantage of this surface-planting tool is that it is difficult to control the diamond layer to reach multi-layer products, and it is less able to meet the requirements of automation in continuous processing. Therefore, there is a need for block diamond tools. There are many types of diamond particle binding media for block diamond tools made of low-concentration diamonds, including metals, ceramics (glass components) or resins that are used on the base of diamond tools. In the early days, glass tools were used to make diamond tools, but their hard and brittle characteristics became a limitation on their use. So also '3 tilil ^ iiTcNS) (210X297 ^ *) —' ~ ^ nu five-description of the invention (c? ·
表一'本發明之鐵基基材與鑽石顆粒經由燒結成的塊狀切削與 行商用熱壓製法製成的鑽石工具之比較’、 商用刀具 本發明刀具 ' 方式 一熱壓法 常壓燒結 ~~ 暴材成份(wt%) 声鋼基合金 鐵基合金 鑽石 Λ造鑽石 表面鑛鈦之人造鑽石 雙濃度 約 22%(5.5Vo10/〇) 22%(5.5Vol%) 鑽石顆粒大小 40 〜60 網眼(mesh) 30 〜50 網眼(mesh) ~ ~~ 莖石抓持方式 物理性鑲住 化學性接合 緻密方式 壓力鑲住 原子擴散產生介面接合 燒製溫度 <900°C 1100°C ~~ 燒製氣氛 真空·保護氣氛 真空.保護氣氛 燒製壓力 約 25MPa 10'5torr~latm 破嶄介面 ft石拉出 鑽石拉斷及鑽石磨耗 抗彎強度 790MPa 1200 MPa 基材硬度 240 kgf/mm2 380 kgf/mm2 密度 9g/cmJ 7.25g/cm3 研磨率(cm3/cm3) 2,500 27,000 實例一 切削硬質材(花崗石） 根據具體實施例之描述，使用本發明製法之鑽石顆粒大小 為+ 50網眼(mesh)/_ 30網眼(mesh)，採用鍍鈦鑽石及鑽石濃度 為22%，使用於此鑽石工具基材元素成份為鐵_3%鎳，並加入 此工具成份約20體積百分比的石蝶經由球磨造粒，經乾壓 (25MPa)成形後，於真空爐(<：[〇-5t〇rr)中燒結，昇溫曲線如圖七 所示，其中燒結完成溫度為1丨00。〇，破斷面顯微結構如圖八， 鑽石顆粒燒製完後卿態如目九，切肖彳面之顯微結構如圖十， (請先¾讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 、-* 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙泫尺度速用中國國家榇隼（CNS ) A4規格（210XW7公沒） 4umi 五、發明説明（） A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 有了樹脂減邮顆_製法。此法雖有製作容易，基材 具有勃性’可避免震料優點，但樹脂基材無法耐高溫、 硬度低且無法有效的固持結合鑽石，造成立應用場合範 圍窄。以關基金屬為結合介f_;^具通常使用為石 材、玻璃及喊之加福片與磨材。此種卫具在現代鑽石 工具的工程領域裡扮演著異常重要的角色。但因鑽石顆粒 與銘銅金屬的結合操作甚為困難，原因主要在於鑽石材料 與金屬材料賴結本性差異及它們之_熱賴係數差異 甚大’鑽邱料係共價制鍵結祕基金屬材料則為金屬 鍵的鍵結’且#金屬容易劣化鑽石成石墨，使得鑽石纽 合金屬之界面反應以熱脹冷縮的方式進行接合的方式導^ 不良的接合特性。而好的接合可提高鑽石卫具切削及研磨 之加工效率及壽命’並可避免接合處因冷_化而產 疲勞應力的破壞而造成其壽命減低。 、 以鈷銅基金屬結合低濃度的鑽石工具現在主要以埶^、 製造，在此法中鑽石顆粒與以鈷銅為主成份之於壓去 採用加壓（約25 MPa)及加熱的方式，將鑽石顆=鈐1合， 材内。為避免鈷催化鑽石之石墨化，通常採用&結合於基 金以控制熱壓溫度低於80(TC，所以鑽石與接合^加青鋼合 合方式主要為物理性的接合方式’造成鑽石顇:屬，面結 度不夠。再者，鑽石顆粒會因鑽石顆粒分敢不的固持強 觸，嚴重地減少鑽石的固持強度。故此類的塊狀而產生接 所能使用之鑽石濃度無法太高。因此限制了工具鑽石工具 加工速度。為了解決鑽石顆粒互相接觸之問題， 上的 ，於是又有 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) J. 乂 . 、-° 東 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） 403681 A 7 B7 l!： 正 經漭部中央標準局工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（y ) 由這些圖可觀察出基材與鑽石顆粒表面間為強的化學鍵結 接合，於鑽石顆粒表面形成一層薄的碳化層，使其鑽石顆 粒曝出1/2以上的鑽石高度而不會脫落，及鑽石工具之輪廓 形狀保持容易，其性質詳見於表二。 子 切削硬質材(花崗石） 根據具體貫施例之描述’使用本發明製法之鑽石顆粒大 小為+ 50網眼(mesh)/_ 30網眼(mesh),採用鑛鈦鑽石及鑽石 浪度為22% ’使用於此鑽石工具基材元素成份為鐵_3%鎳， 並加入此工具成份約2〇體積百分比的石壤經由球磨造粒， 經乾壓(25MPa)成形後’於氫氣中燒結，昇溫曲線如圖七所 示，其中燒結完成溫度為l〇5(TC，破斷面顯微結構如圖十 一’鑽石顆粒燒製完後的形態如圖十二，切削面之顯微結 構如圖十二’由這些圖可觀察出基材與鑽石顆粒表面間為 強的化學鍵結接合，於鑽石顆粒表面形成一層薄的碳化 層’使其鑽石顆粒曝出〗/2以上的鑽石高度而不會脫落，及 鑽石工具之輪廓形狀保持容易，其性質詳見於表二。 實例三 切削軟質材(道路） 根據具體實施例之描述，使用本發明製法之鑽石顆粒大小 為+ 50網眼(mesh)/- 30網眼(mesh)，採用鍍鈦鑽石及鑽石濃度 為22% ’使用於此鑽石工具基材元素成份為鐵，並加入此工具 成份約20體積百分比的石蠟經由球磨造粒，經乾壓(25MPa)成 形後’於真空爐(<1〇·5 t〇rr)中燒結，昇溫曲線如圖七所示，其 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家#準（CNS > Α4規格（2丨0X297公釐） —.—^-----裝------訂------Λ (請先^讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} A7 B7 403661 五、發明説明（j 了鑽石顆絲聽結粉料造㈣糾出現，此方法 Μ 了 心錢石顆粒分佈不均的問 題。但終因為物理性結合的方彳1/± β 令式而使界面結合強度過低， 造成鑽石顆粒容易在應用中脫屮4 丁肌出，減少鑽石顆粒的使用率。 這可由工業鑛片於加工後的切苗丨主 一 _ > 八刀削表面看出，鑽石顆粒曝出 切刃的咼度皆小於鑽石顆粒-八+ 分之一的高度及大量鑽石顆 粒脫出的孔洞。另一方面，且社土 囬且鈷粉昂貴，粉末具有毒性等 缺失。因此有改以鎳路基合㈣_ 纟 由熱壓製㈣造韻能表現與採祕基合金為 基底之鑽石工具相差不遠，作早拥阿、Α| ^ ^彳-疋熱壓製法之製程繁瑣及盔 法大量的生產，形成商業上競爭的劣勢。 除了以熱壓法製作塊狀的鑽石工具外，f壓燒結是為一 種研究之新趨勢’讀上有明雜與細鑽錢粉經由混 合、成形與燒結將鑽石燒結在基材内，燒結的溫度於 1140〜125(TC之間，經由成份與製程之控制而使此類工具可 應用於拋光(Lapping)及大量研磨(Grinding)的場合，其^有 之優點為具韌性及能承受高負載。然而在高溫燒結時基材 會導致鑽石顆粒表面之石墨化，而造成鑽石顆粒與基材接 合強度差。另此製程之缺點是粉末取得不易，鑄鐵粉粒炉 必須以霧化處理而筛選較小粒徑之粉末，以保持其低溫声 結特性。且另一方面，鑄鐵基材太硬，鑽石顆粒於磨削時 無法有效的曝出切刃，須不斷的以放電加工的方式，將鑽 石切刃突出於基材的表面上，然此加工方式繁項且限制條 件多。 ' 私纸張尺度適用中國国家標率（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） H- —Ί— :|-'1 n^— m^i I 1J. —^n nn n·— ml-T1 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項#·填寫本頁} - 經濟部中央樣準局員工消費合作社印褽 經濟部中夬標準局員工消費合作社印製 403681 五、發明説明（γ 中燒結完成溫度為1100°C，破斷面顯微結構如圖十四，鑽 石顆粒燒製完後的形態如圖十五，切削面之顯微結構如圖 =八由這些圖可觀察出基材與鑽石顆粒表面間為強的化 學鍵結接合，於鑽石顆粒表面形成一層薄的碳化層，使其 鑽石顆粒曝出1/2以上的鑽石高度科會脫落，及鑽石工具 之輪廓形狀保持容易，其性質詳見於表二。 f例四 切削軟質材(道路） 根據具體實施例之描述’使用本發明製法之鑽石顆粒大 小為+ 50網眼(mesh)/_ 3〇網眼(mesh) ’採用鍵鈦鑽石及鑽石 濃度為22%’使用於此鑽石工具基材元素成份為鐵，並加入 此工具成份約20體積百分比的石蠟經由球磨造粒，經乾壓 (25MPa)成形後，於氫氣中燒結，昇溫曲線如圖七所示，其 中燒結完成溫度為1050X：，破斷面顯微結構如圖十七，鑽 石顆粒燒製完後的形態如圖十八，切削面之顯微結構如圖 十九’由這些圖可觀察出基材與鑽石顆粒表面間為強的化 學鍵結接合，於鑽石顆粒表面形成一層薄的碳化層，使其 鑽石顆粒曝出1/2以上的鑽石高度而不會脫落，及鑽石工具 之輪廓形狀保持容易，其性質詳見於表二。 實例五_ 切削軟質材(道路） 根據具體實施例之描述，使用本發明製法之鑽石顆粒大小為 + 50網眼(meshy_ 30網眼(mesh) ’採用鍍鈦鑽石及鑽石濃度為 22% ’使用於此鑽石工具基材元素成份為鐵_丨〇%銅_2%錫，並加 12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4规格（2丨0><297公釐） _ ； .^； 訂 q (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 403681 〜丨·〜 五、發明説明（士 、一另外一種新的鑽石工具製造方法是以常壓熔滲方式，將 熔j矽溶滲入鑽石顆粒胚體中而形成複合材。但因矽融點 —;---；-----衣— (請先閲讀背面之注意事項*·填寫本頁) 太N而使鑽石可能產生嚴重的石墨化。再者，脆性的基材(si) 與脆性的介面（sic)的物理性質極差，造成鑽石工具加工條 件的受限。 ” 為了避免前面所列舉的各種鑽石工具製作方法的缺點， t發明採用了商業化之鍍鈦鑽石顆粒及價格低廉且為商業 牦準粉末之高活性碳醯鐵粉為主要基材’並控制基材之合 金成份’而以常壓(真空或保護氣氛)燒結改進鑽石顆粒與基 材結合強度。以達到提高鑽石工具中鑽石顆粒使用的濃度， 並可調整基材硬度的低製造成本及快速的鑽石工具製造方 法。 經濟部中央樣準局貝工消費合作社印装 依本發明之此種塊狀鑽石工具常壓燒結製造方法，係一 種碳酸鐵粉(Carbonyl Iron，主要成份為鐵及约0.8%碳)基材 結合錢鈦鑽石顆粒而成塊狀切割與研磨鑽石工具的製作方 法’其成品具有高研磨壽命、鑽石顆粒不易脫落、鑽石顆 粒濃度可提高而不易斷裂、基材硬度可依需求而大幅調整 及製造成本低廉等優點。金屬基材之組成元素主要包含鐵、 銅、錫 '鈦、鉻、鎳、碳。其成份依工具之加工對象與加 工方法的不同而調整各元素比例、及鑽石顆粒濃度與鑽石 顆粒尺寸。製作過程中首先將基材粉末與鑽石顆粒混合， 並加入5〜20%體積量的石臘’經由混合球磨、造粒及乾壓 過程’最後於真空中或保護氣氛燒結的方式’燒結完成於 800〜1200 C之間，而得到鑽石顆粒與金屬基材結合的塊狀 6 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（2丨0 X 297公釐）Table 1 'Comparison of the iron-based substrate and diamond particles of the present invention through sintered block cutting and diamond tools made by commercial hot pressing method', commercial tools, the tool of the present invention ', method one, hot press sintering under normal pressure ~ ~ Outburst composition (wt%) Acoustic steel-based alloy, iron-based alloy diamond Λ diamond surface, artificial diamond double concentration of about 22% (5.5Vo10 / 〇) 22% (5.5Vol%) diamond particle size 40 ~ 60 mesh Eye (mesh) 30 ~ 50 mesh (~ mesh) ~ ~~ Stem stone grasping method Physical embedding chemical bonding Dense method Pressure embedding atomic diffusion generating interface bonding firing temperature < 900 ° C 1100 ° C ~~ The firing atmosphere is vacuum and the protective atmosphere is vacuum. The protective atmosphere firing pressure is about 25MPa 10'5torr ~ latm. Breaking interface ft stone pull out diamond breaking and diamond abrasion bending strength 790MPa 1200 MPa substrate hardness 240 kgf / mm2 380 kgf / mm2 Density 9g / cmJ 7.25g / cm3 Grinding rate (cm3 / cm3) 2,500 27,000 Example 1 Cutting hard material (granite) According to the description of the specific embodiment, the diamond particle size using the method of the present invention is + 50 mesh (mesh ) / _ 30 mesh (mesh), using The concentration of titanium diamond and diamond is 22%. The elemental component of the diamond tool used is iron_3% nickel, and the stone butterfly with about 20% by volume added to the tool is granulated by ball milling and formed by dry pressing (25MPa). , Sintered in a vacuum furnace (<: [〇-5t〇rr), the temperature rise curve is shown in Fig. 7, where the sintering completion temperature is 1 00. 〇, the microstructure of the fracture surface is shown in Figure 8. After the diamond particles are fired, the state is as shown in Figure 9. The microstructure of the cut surface is shown in Figure 10. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page} ,-* Printed on paper by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economics, China Standard Paper (CNS) A4 Standard (210XW7) 4umi V. Description of Invention () A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economics Resin-reducing post is included. Although this method is easy to make and the substrate is robust, it can avoid the advantages of shock-proof materials, but the resin substrate cannot resist high temperature, has low hardness, and cannot effectively hold bonded diamonds, resulting in standing applications. The range of occasions is narrow. The base metal is used as a combination of f_; ^ tools are usually used as stone, glass, and blessings and abrasives. This kind of guard plays an extremely important role in the engineering field of modern diamond tools. But Because the combination of diamond particles and Ming copper metal is difficult, the reason is mainly due to the difference between the nature of diamond materials and metal materials and their _ thermal dependence coefficients are very different. The material is a bond of a metal key, and #metal easily deteriorates the diamond into graphite, so that the interface reaction of the diamond bond metal is joined by thermal expansion and contraction. Poor bonding characteristics. Good bonding can improve The processing efficiency and life of diamond guards for cutting and grinding 'can also prevent the joints from reducing their life due to the damage caused by the fatigue stress caused by the cold. The diamond tools with cobalt and copper-based metals combined with low concentration are now mainly used for 埶 ^ Manufacture. In this method, the diamond particles and cobalt-copper are the main components. The pressure is applied (approximately 25 MPa) and heating. The diamond particles are combined into the material. To avoid cobalt catalyzing the diamond Graphitization, usually combined with & funds to control the hot pressing temperature below 80 ° C, so the diamond and the bonding method ^ plus the green steel combination method is mainly a physical bonding method 'causing diamonds: genus, surface knot is not enough In addition, diamond particles will seriously reduce the retention strength of diamonds due to the strong retention of diamond particles. Therefore, the concentration of diamonds that can be used in this type of block cannot be too high. Therefore, it is limited. Tool diamond tool processing speed. In order to solve the problem of diamond particles contacting each other, the above, so there are (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) J. 乂. 、-° East This paper size applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) 403681 A 7 B7 l !: Printed by the Ministry of Standards, Central Standards Bureau, Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives. 5. Description of the invention (y) From these figures, it can be observed that the substrate and the surface of the diamond particles are strong. Chemical bonding forms a thin carbonized layer on the surface of the diamond particles, so that the diamond particles are exposed to more than 1/2 of the diamond height without falling off, and the contour shape of the diamond tool is easy to maintain. The properties are shown in Table 2. Sub-cutting hard material (granite) According to the description of the specific embodiment, the diamond particle size using the method of the present invention is + 50 mesh (mesh) / _ 30 mesh (mesh), using mineral titanium diamond and diamond wave 22% 'The elemental composition of the base material used in this diamond tool is iron_3% nickel, and about 20% by volume of the stone soil added to this tool component is granulated by ball milling, and formed by dry pressing (25MPa)' in hydrogen sintering The temperature rise curve is shown in Figure 7, where the sintering temperature is 105 (TC, the microstructure of the fracture surface is shown in Figure 11), and the morphology of the diamond particles after firing is shown in Figure 12, the microstructure of the cutting surface As shown in Figure 12 ', from these figures, it can be observed that a strong chemical bond between the substrate and the surface of the diamond particles forms a thin carbonized layer on the surface of the diamond particles to expose the diamond particles to a diamond height of / 2 or more. It will not fall off, and the contour shape of the diamond tool is easy to maintain. Its properties are shown in Table 2. Example 3 Cutting of soft materials (roads) According to the description of the specific embodiment, the diamond particle size of the method of the present invention is +50 mesh / -30 mesh, using titanium-plated diamond and the diamond concentration is 22% 'The diamond element used in this diamond tool is iron, and paraffin with about 20% by volume added to the tool is granulated by ball milling and formed by dry pressing (25MPa)' in a vacuum furnace (< 10.5 · t. rr) medium sintering, the temperature rise curve is shown in Figure 7, and the paper size is free of China National Standards (CNS > Α4 specifications (2 丨 0X297 mm) — — — — — — — — --Order ------ Λ (please ^ read the notes on the back before filling in this page) A7 B7 403661 V. Description of the invention The problem of uneven distribution of heart stone particles. However, due to the physical binding formula of 彳 1 / ± β, the interface bonding strength is too low, causing diamond particles to be easily removed in the application. This can be seen from the cut seedlings of industrial ore pieces after processing The cutting edge of the cutting edge is smaller than the height of the diamond particles-one-eighth + and the pores from which a large number of diamond particles come out. On the other hand, the cobalt powder is expensive and the powder is toxic. Therefore, there is a change to The combination of nickel roadbed _ 纟 is made by hot pressing. The performance of rhyme is not much different from that of diamond tools based on mining base alloys. It is a long time to hold A, ^ | ^ 疋 疋 疋 hot pressing method is cumbersome and helmet method In addition to making block diamond tools by hot pressing, f-press sintering is a new trend of research. It reads that there are clear and fine diamond powders, which are mixed, shaped and sintered. Sintered in the substrate, the sintering temperature is between 1140 ~ 125 (TC), and the tools can be applied to polishing (Grinding) and lapping (Grinding) occasions by controlling the composition and process. It is tough and able to withstand high loads. However, the substrate will cause graphitization of the surface of the diamond particles when sintered at high temperature, resulting in poor bonding strength between the diamond particles and the substrate. Another disadvantage of this process is that the powder is not easy to obtain and the cast iron powder furnace The powder with smaller particle size must be screened by atomization to maintain its low-temperature acoustic junction characteristics. On the other hand, the cast iron substrate is too hard and the diamond particles cannot effectively expose the cutting edge during grinding. The diamond cutting edge is protruded on the surface of the substrate by electrical discharge processing, but this processing method is complicated and has many restrictions. '' The private paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) H- —Ί—: | -'1 n ^ — m ^ i I 1J. — ^ N nn n · — ml-T1 (Please read the notes on the back first # · Fill this page}-Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumer Consumption Cooperative Society of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the China Standards Bureau, and printed by the Consumer Consumption Cooperative Society of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 403681 V. Description of the Invention (Sintering temperature in γ is 1100 ° C. The microstructure of the fracture surface is shown in Figure 14. The morphology is shown in Figure 15. The microstructure of the cutting surface is shown in Figure 8. From these figures, it can be observed that the substrate and the surface of the diamond particles are strongly chemically bonded, forming a thin carbonized layer on the surface of the diamond particles, making the diamond Diamonds that are more than 1/2 of the particles exposed will fall off, and the diamond will fall off The contour shape of the tool is easy to maintain, and its properties are shown in Table 2. F. Example 4: Cutting soft materials (roads) According to the description of the specific embodiment, 'the diamond particle size using the method of the present invention is + 50 mesh (mesh) / _ 30 mesh (mesh)' using a bond titanium diamond and the diamond concentration is 22% 'used in this diamond tool base material is iron, and about 20% by volume of paraffin wax added to this tool is granulated by ball milling, formed by dry pressing (25MPa), and then sintered in hydrogen. The temperature rise curve is shown in Figure VII. As shown, the sintering completion temperature is 1050X :, the microstructure of the fracture surface is shown in Figure 17, the morphology of the diamond particles after firing is shown in Figure 18, and the microstructure of the cutting surface is shown in Figure 19 ' A strong chemical bond between the substrate and the surface of the diamond particles was observed, forming a thin carbonized layer on the surface of the diamond particles, exposing the diamond particles to more than 1/2 of the diamond height without falling off, and the outline of the diamond tool The shape is easy to maintain, and its properties are shown in Table 2. Example 5_ Cutting of soft materials (roads) According to the description of the specific embodiment, the size of the diamond particles using the method of the present invention is + 50 meshes (meshy_ 30 meshes) 'Titanium-plated diamonds are used and the diamond concentration is 22%' Here, the elemental composition of the diamond tool base material is iron_ 丨 〇% Cu_2% tin, plus 12 paper standards applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (2 丨 0 > < 297 mm) _;. ^ Order q (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) A7 B7 403681 ～ 丨 · ～ V. Description of the invention (Shi, a new diamond tool manufacturing method is a normal pressure infiltration method. j Silica is infiltrated into the diamond particle embryo to form a composite material. However, because of the melting point of silicon —; ---; ----- clothing— (Please read the precautions on the back first * · Fill in this page) Too N makes Diamonds can be severely graphitized. In addition, the physical properties of the brittle substrate (si) and the brittle interface (sic) are extremely poor, which limits the processing conditions of diamond tools. "In order to avoid the various diamond tools listed above, Disadvantages of the manufacturing method, the invention uses a commercial titanium-plated diamond particle Low-cost, commercially available quasi-powder activated carbon-iron powder is used as the main substrate, and the alloy components of the substrate are controlled. Atmospheric pressure (vacuum or protective atmosphere) is used to improve the bonding strength between diamond particles and the substrate. Increase the concentration of diamond particles used in diamond tools, and adjust the hardness of the substrate to reduce the manufacturing cost and the rapid diamond tool manufacturing method. The Central Samples Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shelley Consumer Cooperative, printed the block diamond tools according to the present invention. Atmospheric pressure sintering manufacturing method is a method for making a block cutting and grinding diamond tool made of carbonic acid iron (Carbonyl Iron, whose main component is iron and about 0.8% carbon) base material combined with titanium diamond particles. The finished product has high grinding Lifetime, diamond particles are not easy to fall off, diamond particle concentration can be increased and not easily broken, the hardness of the substrate can be greatly adjusted according to demand, and the manufacturing cost is low. The constituent elements of metal substrates mainly include iron, copper, tin, titanium, chromium, Nickel, carbon. The composition of each element is adjusted according to the processing object and processing method of the tool, and the concentration of diamond particles and diamond particles are adjusted. Dimensions. During the production process, firstly mix the base powder with diamond particles, and add 5 ~ 20% volume of paraffin 'through the process of mixing ball milling, granulation and dry pressing', and finally sintering in a vacuum or a protective atmosphere. Completed between 800 and 1200 C to obtain a block of diamond particles combined with a metal substrate. 6 The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0 X 297 mm).
^3681 五、發明説明（丨丨 入此工具成份約2G體積百分比的石_由球磨造雜，經車6 壓(25MPa)成形後，於真空爐(<1〇·5 中燒結，并浪油線 如圖七所示’其中燒結完成溫度為luxrc，破斷面顯微綠 構如圖二十，鑽石顆粒燒製完後的形態如®二十〆，切削 面之顯微結構如圖二十二，由這些圖可觀察出基材與鑽石 顆粒表面間為強的化學鍵結接合，於鑽石顆粒表面形成， 層薄的竣化層’使其鑽石顆粒曝出1/2以上的鑽石高度而不 會脫落’及鑽石工具之輪#形狀保持容易，其性質詳見於 表二。 •fci ί 1 t> /Λ 表二 =、實例中之工具性質比較 基材成份 (wt%) Fe-3Ni Fe-3Ni Fe Fe Fe-10Cu-2Sn 鑽石;辰度 22% (5.5V〇l%) 22%~~~~ (5.5V〇l%) 30 〜50 網眼(mesh) 22% (5.5Vol%) 22% (5.5Vol°/〇) 22% (5.5Vol%) 鑽石顆粒 kj^ 30-50 網眼(mesh) 30 〜50 網眼(mesh) 30〜50 網眼(mesh) 40 〜60 網眼(mesh) 現製溫度 1100°C 1050°C 1100°C 1050°C 1100°C _燒製氣氛 真空. 氫氣 真空 —1——--- 氫氣 . 真空 加工形態 漸近式磨耗， 切刀最高可 曝出1/2〜3/4 漸近 切刃最高可 曝出1/2〜3/4 漸近式磨耗， 切乃最高可 曝出1/2〜3/4 漸近式磨耗， 切刃最高可. 曝出1/2〜3/4 鑽石拉斷及鑽 石磨耗 強度 基材硬度 1279 383 kgf/mm2 Π65 373 kgf/mm2 721 542 932 MPa \.^Ci......2 研磨 (cm3/cm3) 8,897 6,912 27,000 I4z Kgi/mm 20,253 220 Kgi/mm 9,000 ---ί 13 本纸疚尺度適用中國國^Τ^Τ^ΓίΤοϋ. —-----------J------.—ir π#ί先，Kf背V®之注意事項真填寫本X) . 經濟部中央標準局貞工消費合作社印製 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 Q3681 —_Ξ_ 五、發明説明（Γ) 鑽石工具。因為基材特性及鑽石顆粒尺寸與濃度可大幅度 地調整，而可製成廣泛的適用於多種材料的切削與研磨的 鑽石工具。 〈圖示說明〉 圖一、本發明製成之鑽石鋸片的切刃。 圖二、本發明製成之鑽石鋸片。 圖三、本發明製成之鑽石工具磨片。 圖四、商用鑽石工具破斷面的顯微結構。 圖五、商用鑽石工具燒製完後鑽石顆粒的形態。 圖六、商用鑽石工具切削面之顯微結構。 圖七、本發明使用之燒結昇溫曲線。 圖八、本發明實例一之鑽石工具破斷面的顯微結構。 圖九、本發明實例一之鑽石工具燒製完後鑽石顆粒的形 態。 圖十、本發明實例一之鑽石工具切削面的顯微結構。 圖十一、本發明實例二之鑽石工具破斷面的顯微結構。 圖十二、本發明實例二之鑽石工具燒製完後鑽石顆粒的 形態。 圖十三、本發明實例二之鑽石工具切削面的顯微結構。 圖十四、本發明實例三之鑽石工具破斷面的顯微結構。 圖十五、本發明實例三之鑽石工具燒製完後鑽石顆粒的 形態。 圖十六、本發明實例三之鑽石工具切削面的顯微結構。 圖十七、本發明實例四之鑽石工具破斷面的顯微結構。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（2丨Ο X 297公釐） -------Ί----γ 装-- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 403681 五、發明説明（t) * 圖十八、本發明實例四之鑽石工具燒製完後鑽石顆粒的 形態。 圖十九、本發明實例四之鑽石工具切削面的顯微結構。 圖二十、本發明實例五之鑽石工具破斷面的顯微結構。 圖二十一、本發明實例五之鑽石工具燒製完後鑽石顆粒 的形態。 圖二十二、本發明實例五之鑽石工具切削面的顯微結 構。 表一、本發明之鐵基基材與鑽石顆粒經由燒結成的塊狀 切削與研磨鑽石工具與現行商用熱壓製法製成的鑽石工具 之比較。 表二、實例中之工具性質比較。 <較佳具體實施例之描述> 經濟部中央揉準局貞工消費合作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本發明之此種塊狀鑽石工具常壓燒結製造方法，係採用 了粉末冶金的相關製程，首先依使用目的及需求，決定適 當比例的結合基材元素比例及鑽石顆粒尺寸與濃度，並加 入石臘經由球磨與造粒，經乾壓成形，壓成胚體，置於保 護氣氛中’或真空中燒結，以適當的昇溫速率燒結於800°C至 1200°C之間，而得到高性能的鑽石塊狀複合材料。適用於 本發明的結合金屬元素，主要以碳醯鐵粉為主的金屬為基 材，另含有鐵、銅、錫、鈦、鎳、碳等元素，上述鐵基胎 體内含<15%重量比的銅，<3%重量比的錫，<10%重量比的 鎳，<1%重量比的欽或絡，<1%重量比的碳。依上述元素 之相對比例值之配合而達到控制燒結溫度及基材硬度。鑽 本纸伕尺度適用中國國家榇準（CNS ) A4规格（2丨0X2.97公釐） A7 B7 ί，夕 槪: ^^本有熟變更貧赏内容是否准予修正。 經滴部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（^ 粉使用鑛鈦鑽石，其尺寸大小的使用，2〇〜5〇網眼㈣⑴ 、日的鑽石顆粒使用於切割，〜4〇〇網眼(mesh)間的鑽石顆 粒使用於初級的研磨，-彻mesh間的鑽石顆粒使用於精 密。的研磨。而鑽石濃度的使用，切割所需的鑽石濃度約 20 /。〜1 〇〇%，研磨所需的鑽石濃度約1 〇〇Q/。〜。其中鑽石 /辰度之定義為100%=4 4克拉/立方公分及一克拉=〇 2公克鑽 石。圖一係為利用本發明製成之鑽石鋸片的切刀，圖二係 為利用本發明製成之鑽石鋸片，圖三係為利用本發明製成 之鑽石工具磨片，由上述可知本發明應用之場合極廣。 比較例子 表一為商用熱壓法與本發明燒結法所製作之鑽石工具 的製程參數及性質比較。本發明所製成之物件具有用途範 圍廣、鑽石顆粒不易脫落、基材硬度可大幅調整、鑽石銳 利度佳及製造成本低廉等優點，且鑽石顆粒與基材結合面 較強’鑽石顆粒研磨損失的方式為漸近式磨耗，而不像熱 壓法之鑽石顆粒暴露小於錢石顆粒高度1/2的磨耗且為拉出 之形式。圖四係商用鑽石工具破斷面的顯微結構，圖五係 其鑽石顆粒燒製完後的形態，圖六為商用鑽石工具切削後 的表面情形，因商用鑽石工具的相粒的抓持力不佳，故鑽 石顆粒於切削時嚴重的脫落，漸近式的磨耗使用高度甚 低，造成其研磨率（被研磨材與刀具體積損耗比:cm3/cm3) 低0 本纸伕尺度適用中國國家標準（CN'S ) A4現格（210X297公釐） I!—. -I •- I ml IT.il - H 士I ---··.· 1 (請先閔讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) nu 五 -- 發明説明（c?·^ 3681 V. Description of the invention (丨 丨 The stone containing about 2G volume percentage of the tool composition is made by ball milling, formed by lathe 6 pressure (25MPa), sintered in a vacuum furnace (< 10.5, and waves The oil line is shown in Figure 7. 'The sintering temperature is luxrc, the microstructure of the fracture surface is shown in Figure 20, and the morphology of the diamond particles after burning is such as ®20〆. The microstructure of the cutting surface is shown in Figure 2. Twelve, from these figures, it can be observed that a strong chemical bond between the substrate and the surface of the diamond particles is formed on the surface of the diamond particles. A thin layer of finished layers' makes the diamond particles more than 1/2 of the diamond height. Will not fall off "and the shape of the diamond tool wheel # is easy to maintain, and its properties are detailed in Table 2. • fci ί 1 t > / Λ Table II =, comparison of the properties of the tool in the example base material composition (wt%) Fe-3Ni Fe-3Ni Fe Fe Fe-10Cu-2Sn Diamond; Chand 22% (5.5V〇l%) 22% ~~~~ (5.5V〇l%) 30 ~ 50 Mesh 22% (5.5Vol% ) 22% (5.5Vol ° / 〇) 22% (5.5Vol%) diamond particles kj ^ 30-50 mesh 30 to 50 mesh 30 to 50 mesh 40 to 60 mesh (mesh) Ready temperature 1100 ° C 10 50 ° C 1100 ° C 1050 ° C 1100 ° C _Burning atmosphere vacuum. Hydrogen vacuum—1 ——--- Hydrogen. Vacuum processing form asymptotic wear, the cutter can be exposed up to 1/2 ~ 3/4 asymptotic The cutting edge can expose up to 1/2 ~ 3/4 asymptotic abrasion, the cutting edge can expose up to 1/2 ~ 3/4 asymptotic abrasion, the cutting edge can be exposed up to a maximum. Exposing 1/2 ~ 3/4 diamond pull Breaking and diamond abrasion strength substrate hardness 1279 383 kgf / mm2 Π65 373 kgf / mm2 721 542 932 MPa \. ^ Ci ...... 2 grinding (cm3 / cm3) 8,897 6,912 27,000 I4z Kgi / mm 20,253 220 Kgi / mm 9,000 --- ί 13 The guilty scale of this paper applies to China ^ Τ ^ Τ ^ ΓίΤοϋ. —----------- J ------.— ir π # ί 先 ， Kf 背Note for V®, please fill out this X). Printed by the Central Laboratories of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the Zhengong Consumer Cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the Central Laboratories of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, A7. The characteristics and diamond particle size and concentration can be greatly adjusted, and it can be made into a wide range of diamond tools suitable for cutting and grinding a variety of materials. <Illustration> Figure 1. Cutting edge of diamond saw blade made by the present invention. Figure 2. Diamond saw blade made by the present invention. Figure 3. Diamond tool abrasive discs made by the present invention. Figure 4. Microstructure of the fracture surface of a commercial diamond tool. Figure 5. Morphology of diamond particles after commercial diamond tools are fired. Figure 6. Microstructure of the cutting surface of a commercial diamond tool. Figure 7. Sintering temperature rise curve used in the present invention. Figure 8. Microstructure of the broken surface of the diamond tool of Example 1 of the present invention. Figure 9. The shape of diamond particles after the diamond tool of Example 1 of the present invention is fired. Fig. 10. Microstructure of the cutting surface of a diamond tool according to Example 1 of the present invention. Fig. 11 shows the microstructure of the broken surface of the diamond tool in Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 12. The shape of diamond particles after the diamond tool of Example 2 of the present invention is fired. Figure 13. Microstructure of the cutting surface of a diamond tool in Example 2 of the present invention. Figure 14. Microstructure of the broken surface of the diamond tool of Example 3 of the present invention. Fig. 15. Morphology of diamond particles after the diamond tool of Example 3 of the present invention is fired. Figure 16. Microstructure of the cutting surface of a diamond tool in Example 3 of the present invention. Figure 17. Microstructure of the broken surface of the diamond tool in Example 4 of the present invention. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (2 丨 〇 X 297 mm) ------- Ί ---- γ Pack-(Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Order 403681 V. Description of the invention (t) * Figure 18. The shape of diamond particles after the diamond tool of Example 4 of the present invention is fired. Figure 19. Microstructure of the cutting surface of a diamond tool in Example 4 of the present invention. Figure 20. Microstructure of the broken surface of the diamond tool of Example 5 of the present invention. Fig. 21. The shape of diamond particles after the diamond tool of Example 5 of the present invention is fired. Figure 22. Microstructure of the cutting surface of a diamond tool in Example 5 of the present invention. Table 1. Comparison of the sintered block-cutting and grinding diamond tools of the iron-based substrate and diamond particles of the present invention with diamond tools made by the current commercial hot pressing method. Table 2. Comparison of tool properties in the examples. < Description of the preferred embodiment > Printed by the Central Working Group of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Jeonggong Consumer Cooperative (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) The method for manufacturing such a block diamond tool at atmospheric pressure according to the present invention Based on the related process of powder metallurgy, firstly, according to the use purpose and demand, determine the appropriate proportion of the combination of the substrate element ratio and the size and concentration of diamond particles, and add paraffin through ball milling and granulation, dry forming, and compaction. The embryo body is placed in a protective atmosphere or sintered in a vacuum, and sintered at an appropriate heating rate between 800 ° C and 1200 ° C to obtain a high-performance diamond block composite material. The combination of metal elements suitable for the present invention is mainly based on the metal of carbon-iron powder as the base material, and also contains elements such as iron, copper, tin, titanium, nickel, carbon, etc. The above-mentioned iron-based tire body contains < 15% Copper by weight, < 3% by weight tin, < 10% by weight nickel, < 1% by weight Chin or Lo, and < 1% by weight carbon. Control the sintering temperature and the hardness of the substrate according to the relative proportion of the above elements. The size of the paper is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (2 丨 0X2.97 mm) A7 B7 ί, Xi 槪: ^^ Whether the content of the poor reward is allowed to be amended. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of Didi Ministry. 5. Description of the invention (^ powder uses mineral titanium diamond, its size is used, 20 ~ 50 mesh ㈣⑴, Japanese diamond particles are used for cutting, ~ 400. The diamond particles between the meshes are used for primary grinding, and the diamond particles between the meshes are used for precision grinding. With the use of diamond concentration, the diamond concentration required for cutting is about 20 /. ~ 100% The concentration of diamond required for grinding is about 100Q /. ~. Among them, the definition of diamond / centre is 100% = 44 carats per cubic centimeter and one carat = 0 2 grams of diamonds. Figure 1 shows a system made by using the present invention. The cutting knife of the completed diamond saw blade is shown in FIG. 2 as a diamond saw blade made by using the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a diamond tool abrasive disc made by using the present invention. From the above, it can be seen that the application of the present invention is extremely extensive. Examples Table 1 shows the comparison of the process parameters and properties of diamond tools made by the commercial hot pressing method and the sintering method of the present invention. The objects made by the present invention have a wide range of uses, diamond particles are not easy to fall off, the hardness of the substrate can be greatly adjusted, and Good sharpness The advantages of low manufacturing cost and strong bonding between diamond particles and the substrate, the method of abrasive loss of diamond particles is asymptotic abrasion, unlike diamond particles exposed by hot pressing, which are less than 1/2 of the height of the stones and are Drawing form. Figure 4 shows the microstructure of the broken surface of commercial diamond tools, Figure 5 shows the morphology of the diamond particles after firing, and Figure 6 shows the surface of the commercial diamond tools after cutting. The grip of the grains is not good, so the diamond grains fall off severely during cutting. The asymptotic abrasion uses a very low height, resulting in a low grinding rate (volume loss ratio of the material to be grinded and the tool: cm3 / cm3). 0 Paper 伕The scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CN'S) A4 (210X297 mm) I! —. -I •-I ml IT.il-H person I --- ···· 1 (Please read the notes on the back first Fill out this page again) nu five-description of the invention (c? ·
表一'本發明之鐵基基材與鑽石顆粒經由燒結成的塊狀切削與 行商用熱壓製法製成的鑽石工具之比較’、 商用刀具 本發明刀具 ' 方式 一熱壓法 常壓燒結 ~~ 暴材成份(wt%) 声鋼基合金 鐵基合金 鑽石 Λ造鑽石 表面鑛鈦之人造鑽石 雙濃度 約 22%(5.5Vo10/〇) 22%(5.5Vol%) 鑽石顆粒大小 40 〜60 網眼(mesh) 30 〜50 網眼(mesh) ~ ~~ 莖石抓持方式 物理性鑲住 化學性接合 緻密方式 壓力鑲住 原子擴散產生介面接合 燒製溫度 <900°C 1100°C ~~ 燒製氣氛 真空·保護氣氛 真空.保護氣氛 燒製壓力 約 25MPa 10'5torr~latm 破嶄介面 ft石拉出 鑽石拉斷及鑽石磨耗 抗彎強度 790MPa 1200 MPa 基材硬度 240 kgf/mm2 380 kgf/mm2 密度 9g/cmJ 7.25g/cm3 研磨率(cm3/cm3) 2,500 27,000 實例一 切削硬質材(花崗石） 根據具體實施例之描述，使用本發明製法之鑽石顆粒大小 為+ 50網眼(mesh)/_ 30網眼(mesh)，採用鍍鈦鑽石及鑽石濃度 為22%，使用於此鑽石工具基材元素成份為鐵_3%鎳，並加入 此工具成份約20體積百分比的石蝶經由球磨造粒，經乾壓 (25MPa)成形後，於真空爐(<：[〇-5t〇rr)中燒結，昇溫曲線如圖七 所示，其中燒結完成溫度為1丨00。〇，破斷面顯微結構如圖八， 鑽石顆粒燒製完後卿態如目九，切肖彳面之顯微結構如圖十， (請先¾讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 、-* 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙泫尺度速用中國國家榇隼（CNS ) A4規格（210XW7公沒） 403681 A 7 B7 l!： 正 經漭部中央標準局工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（y ) 由這些圖可觀察出基材與鑽石顆粒表面間為強的化學鍵結 接合，於鑽石顆粒表面形成一層薄的碳化層，使其鑽石顆 粒曝出1/2以上的鑽石高度而不會脫落，及鑽石工具之輪廓 形狀保持容易，其性質詳見於表二。 子 切削硬質材(花崗石） 根據具體貫施例之描述’使用本發明製法之鑽石顆粒大 小為+ 50網眼(mesh)/_ 30網眼(mesh),採用鑛鈦鑽石及鑽石 浪度為22% ’使用於此鑽石工具基材元素成份為鐵_3%鎳， 並加入此工具成份約2〇體積百分比的石壤經由球磨造粒， 經乾壓(25MPa)成形後’於氫氣中燒結，昇溫曲線如圖七所 示，其中燒結完成溫度為l〇5(TC，破斷面顯微結構如圖十 一’鑽石顆粒燒製完後的形態如圖十二，切削面之顯微結 構如圖十二’由這些圖可觀察出基材與鑽石顆粒表面間為 強的化學鍵結接合，於鑽石顆粒表面形成一層薄的碳化 層’使其鑽石顆粒曝出〗/2以上的鑽石高度而不會脫落，及 鑽石工具之輪廓形狀保持容易，其性質詳見於表二。 實例三 切削軟質材(道路） 根據具體實施例之描述，使用本發明製法之鑽石顆粒大小 為+ 50網眼(mesh)/- 30網眼(mesh)，採用鍍鈦鑽石及鑽石濃度 為22% ’使用於此鑽石工具基材元素成份為鐵，並加入此工具 成份約20體積百分比的石蠟經由球磨造粒，經乾壓(25MPa)成 形後’於真空爐(<1〇·5 t〇rr)中燒結，昇溫曲線如圖七所示，其 本紙張尺度逍用中國國家#準（CNS > Α4規格（2丨0X297公釐） —.—^-----裝------訂------Λ (請先^讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁} 經濟部中夬標準局員工消費合作社印製 403681 五、發明説明（γ 中燒結完成溫度為1100°C，破斷面顯微結構如圖十四，鑽 石顆粒燒製完後的形態如圖十五，切削面之顯微結構如圖 =八由這些圖可觀察出基材與鑽石顆粒表面間為強的化 學鍵結接合，於鑽石顆粒表面形成一層薄的碳化層，使其 鑽石顆粒曝出1/2以上的鑽石高度科會脫落，及鑽石工具 之輪廓形狀保持容易，其性質詳見於表二。 f例四 切削軟質材(道路） 根據具體實施例之描述’使用本發明製法之鑽石顆粒大 小為+ 50網眼(mesh)/_ 3〇網眼(mesh) ’採用鍵鈦鑽石及鑽石 濃度為22%’使用於此鑽石工具基材元素成份為鐵，並加入 此工具成份約20體積百分比的石蠟經由球磨造粒，經乾壓 (25MPa)成形後，於氫氣中燒結，昇溫曲線如圖七所示，其 中燒結完成溫度為1050X：，破斷面顯微結構如圖十七，鑽 石顆粒燒製完後的形態如圖十八，切削面之顯微結構如圖 十九’由這些圖可觀察出基材與鑽石顆粒表面間為強的化 學鍵結接合，於鑽石顆粒表面形成一層薄的碳化層，使其 鑽石顆粒曝出1/2以上的鑽石高度而不會脫落，及鑽石工具 之輪廓形狀保持容易，其性質詳見於表二。 實例五_ 切削軟質材(道路） 根據具體實施例之描述，使用本發明製法之鑽石顆粒大小為 + 50網眼(meshy_ 30網眼(mesh) ’採用鍍鈦鑽石及鑽石濃度為 22% ’使用於此鑽石工具基材元素成份為鐵_丨〇%銅_2%錫，並加 12 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4规格（2丨0><297公釐） _ ； .^； 訂 q (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)Table 1 'Comparison of the iron-based substrate and diamond particles of the present invention through sintered block cutting and diamond tools made by commercial hot pressing method', commercial tools, the tool of the present invention ', method one, hot press sintering under normal pressure ~ ~ Outburst composition (wt%) Acoustic steel-based alloy, iron-based alloy diamond Λ diamond surface, artificial diamond double concentration of about 22% (5.5Vo10 / 〇) 22% (5.5Vol%) diamond particle size 40 ~ 60 mesh Eye (mesh) 30 ~ 50 mesh (~ mesh) ~ ~~ Stem stone grasping method Physical embedding chemical bonding Dense method Pressure embedding atomic diffusion generating interface bonding firing temperature < 900 ° C 1100 ° C ~~ The firing atmosphere is vacuum and the protective atmosphere is vacuum. The protective atmosphere firing pressure is about 25MPa 10'5torr ~ latm. Breaking interface ft stone pull out diamond breaking and diamond abrasion bending strength 790MPa 1200 MPa substrate hardness 240 kgf / mm2 380 kgf / mm2 Density 9g / cmJ 7.25g / cm3 Grinding rate (cm3 / cm3) 2,500 27,000 Example 1 Cutting hard material (granite) According to the description of the specific embodiment, the diamond particle size using the method of the present invention is + 50 mesh (mesh ) / _ 30 mesh (mesh), using The concentration of titanium diamond and diamond is 22%. The elemental component of the diamond tool used is iron_3% nickel, and the stone butterfly with about 20% by volume added to the tool is granulated by ball milling and formed by dry pressing (25MPa). , Sintered in a vacuum furnace (<: [〇-5t〇rr), the temperature rise curve is shown in Fig. 7, where the sintering completion temperature is 1 00. 〇, the microstructure of the fracture surface is shown in Figure 8. After the diamond particles are fired, the state is as shown in Figure 9. The microstructure of the cut surface is shown in Figure 10. (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page} ,-* Printed on paper by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economics, China Standard Paper (CNS) A4 (210XW7 public) 403681 A 7 B7 l !: Printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Explanation of the invention (y) From these figures, it can be observed that a strong chemical bond between the substrate and the surface of the diamond particles forms a thin carbonized layer on the surface of the diamond particles, exposing the diamond particles to more than 1/2 of the diamond. The height does not fall off, and the contour shape of the diamond tool is easy to maintain, and its properties are detailed in Table 2. Sub-cutting hard materials (granite) According to the description of specific embodiments, the size of diamond particles using the method of the present invention is + 50 mesh (mesh) / _ 30 mesh (mesh), using mineral titanium diamond and diamond wave 22% 'The base element used in this diamond tool is iron _3% nickel, and add about 2 〇Volume percentage of stone soil is made by ball milling After forming under dry pressure (25MPa), sintering in hydrogen, the temperature rise curve is shown in Fig. 7, where the sintering completion temperature is 105 (TC, the fracture microstructure is shown in Fig. 11), and the diamond particles are fired. The morphology is shown in Figure 12, and the microstructure of the cutting surface is shown in Figure 12. 'From these figures, it can be observed that a strong chemical bond between the substrate and the surface of the diamond particles forms a thin carbonized layer on the surface of the diamond particles' Its diamond particles are exposed to a diamond height of / 2 or more without falling off, and the contour shape of the diamond tool is easy to maintain, and its properties are detailed in Table 2. Example 3 Cutting of soft materials (roads) According to the description of the specific embodiment, The size of the diamond particles using the method of the present invention is +50 mesh / -30 mesh, using titanium-plated diamond and diamond concentration of 22%. 'The elemental element used in this diamond tool is iron, and added About 20% by volume of paraffin wax in this tool is granulated by ball milling, and after forming by dry pressing (25MPa), it is sintered in a vacuum furnace (<10.5 t〇rr). The temperature rise curve is shown in Fig. 7. Paper size Xiao Yong China National # 准 （CNS > Α4 specification (2 丨 0X297mm) —.— ^ ----- installation ------ order ------ Λ (please ^ read the notes on the back before filling in this page} Economy Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Ministry of Standards and Standards Bureau of the People's Republic of China 403681 V. Description of the Invention (The sintering temperature in γ is 1100 ° C, the microstructure of the fracture surface is shown in Figure 14, and the shape of the diamond particles after firing is shown in Figure 15, The microstructure of the cutting surface is as shown in Figure 8. From these figures, it can be observed that a strong chemical bond between the substrate and the surface of the diamond particles forms a thin carbonized layer on the surface of the diamond particles, exposing the diamond particles to 1/2. The above diamond height section will fall off, and the contour shape of the diamond tool is easy to maintain. Its properties are shown in Table 2. F. Example 4: Cutting soft materials (roads) According to the description of the specific embodiment, 'the diamond particle size using the method of the present invention is + 50 mesh (mesh) / _ 30 mesh (mesh)' using a bond titanium diamond and the diamond concentration is 22% 'used in this diamond tool base material is iron, and about 20% by volume of paraffin wax added to this tool is granulated by ball milling, formed by dry pressing (25MPa), and then sintered in hydrogen. The temperature rise curve is shown in Figure VII. As shown, the sintering completion temperature is 1050X :, the microstructure of the fracture surface is shown in Figure 17, the morphology of the diamond particles after firing is shown in Figure 18, and the microstructure of the cutting surface is shown in Figure 19 ' A strong chemical bond between the substrate and the surface of the diamond particles was observed, forming a thin carbonized layer on the surface of the diamond particles, exposing the diamond particles to more than 1/2 of the diamond height without falling off, and the outline of the diamond tool The shape is easy to maintain, and its properties are shown in Table 2. Example 5_ Cutting of soft materials (roads) According to the description of the specific embodiment, the size of the diamond particles using the method of the present invention is + 50 meshes (meshy_ 30 meshes) 'Titanium-plated diamonds are used and the diamond concentration is 22%' Here, the elemental composition of the diamond tool base material is iron_ 丨 〇% Cu_2% tin, plus 12 paper standards applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (2 丨 0 > < 297 mm) _;. ^ ； Order q (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page)
^3681 五、發明説明（丨丨 入此工具成份約2G體積百分比的石_由球磨造雜，經車6 壓(25MPa)成形後，於真空爐(<1〇·5 中燒結，并浪油線 如圖七所示’其中燒結完成溫度為luxrc，破斷面顯微綠 構如圖二十，鑽石顆粒燒製完後的形態如®二十〆，切削 面之顯微結構如圖二十二，由這些圖可觀察出基材與鑽石 顆粒表面間為強的化學鍵結接合，於鑽石顆粒表面形成， 層薄的竣化層’使其鑽石顆粒曝出1/2以上的鑽石高度而不 會脫落’及鑽石工具之輪#形狀保持容易，其性質詳見於 表二。 •fci ί 1 t> /Λ 表二 =、實例中之工具性質比較 基材成份 (wt%) Fe-3Ni Fe-3Ni Fe Fe Fe-10Cu-2Sn 鑽石;辰度 22% (5.5V〇l%) 22%~~~~ (5.5V〇l%) 30 〜50 網眼(mesh) 22% (5.5Vol%) 22% (5.5Vol°/〇) 22% (5.5Vol%) 鑽石顆粒 kj^ 30-50 網眼(mesh) 30 〜50 網眼(mesh) 30〜50 網眼(mesh) 40 〜60 網眼(mesh) 現製溫度 1100°C 1050°C 1100°C 1050°C 1100°C _燒製氣氛 真空. 氫氣 真空 —1——--- 氫氣 . 真空 加工形態 漸近式磨耗， 切刀最高可 曝出1/2〜3/4 漸近 切刃最高可 曝出1/2〜3/4 漸近式磨耗， 切乃最高可 曝出1/2〜3/4 漸近式磨耗， 切刃最高可. 曝出1/2〜3/4 鑽石拉斷及鑽 石磨耗 強度 基材硬度 1279 383 kgf/mm2 Π65 373 kgf/mm2 721 542 932 MPa \.^Ci......2 研磨 (cm3/cm3) 8,897 6,912 27,000 I4z Kgi/mm 20,253 220 Kgi/mm 9,000 ---ί 13 本纸疚尺度適用中國國^Τ^Τ^ΓίΤοϋ. —-----------J------.—ir π#ί先，Kf背V®之注意事項真填寫本X) . 經濟部中央標準局貞工消費合作社印製 經濟部中央標準扃員工消費合作社印製 403681 A7 ____；__B7 五、發明説明（θ ^—：~^—--^ 3681 V. Description of the invention (丨 丨 The stone containing about 2G volume percentage of the tool composition is made by ball milling, formed by lathe 6 pressure (25MPa), sintered in a vacuum furnace (< 10.5, and waves The oil line is shown in Figure 7. 'The sintering temperature is luxrc, the microstructure of the fracture surface is shown in Figure 20, and the morphology of the diamond particles after burning is such as ®20〆. The microstructure of the cutting surface is shown in Figure 2. Twelve, from these figures, it can be observed that a strong chemical bond between the substrate and the surface of the diamond particles is formed on the surface of the diamond particles. A thin layer of finished layers' makes the diamond particles more than 1/2 of the diamond height. Will not fall off "and the shape of the diamond tool wheel # is easy to maintain, and its properties are detailed in Table 2. • fci ί 1 t > / Λ Table II =, comparison of the properties of the tool in the example base material composition (wt%) Fe-3Ni Fe-3Ni Fe Fe Fe-10Cu-2Sn Diamond; Chand 22% (5.5V〇l%) 22% ~~~~ (5.5V〇l%) 30 ~ 50 Mesh 22% (5.5Vol% ) 22% (5.5Vol ° / 〇) 22% (5.5Vol%) diamond particles kj ^ 30-50 mesh 30 to 50 mesh 30 to 50 mesh 40 to 60 mesh (mesh) Ready temperature 1100 ° C 10 50 ° C 1100 ° C 1050 ° C 1100 ° C _Burning atmosphere vacuum. Hydrogen vacuum—1 ——--- Hydrogen. Vacuum processing form asymptotic wear, the cutter can be exposed up to 1/2 ~ 3/4 asymptotic The cutting edge can expose up to 1/2 ~ 3/4 asymptotic abrasion, the cutting edge can expose up to 1/2 ~ 3/4 asymptotic abrasion, the cutting edge can be exposed up to a maximum. Exposing 1/2 ~ 3/4 diamond pull Breaking and diamond abrasion strength substrate hardness 1279 383 kgf / mm2 Π65 373 kgf / mm2 721 542 932 MPa \. ^ Ci ...... 2 grinding (cm3 / cm3) 8,897 6,912 27,000 I4z Kgi / mm 20,253 220 Kgi / mm 9,000 --- ί 13 The guilty scale of this paper applies to China ^ Τ ^ Τ ^ ΓίΤοϋ. —----------- J ------.— ir π # ί 先 ， Kf 背Note for V®, please fill out this X). Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed by the Zhengong Consumer Cooperatives, printed by the Ministry of Economics, and printed by the Employees' Consumer Cooperatives 403681 A7 ____; __B7 V. Description of the invention -
根據本發明實例之描述，本發暇一独高燒結潛能的 碳醯鐵粉為主要成份的基材與鍍鈦鑽石顆粒結合的鑽石 狀切割及研磨工具的製作方法。依本發明製程&於末的1 配，具有適用切削及研磨材質範圍廣、鑽石顆粒與基材二 合力強、基材硬度可大幅調整及低製造成本等優點:本^ 明所具有傑出的特性’茲列舉如下： ‘” S 1. 本發明之鑽石工具的鑽石顆粒採用鑛鈦之鑽石，因具有 碳化鈦層的鐘’’金屬基材成份不會與鑽石顆粒產生劇 烈的反應而侵蝕鑽石及催化鑽石顆粒表面石墨化，鑽石 顆粒可維持高強度的性質，製程參數控制範圍極廣，生 產的設備成本要求低，且一次自動壓製及—次燒結的製 程步驟簡單迅速’適合自動化大量生產，省時省工。 2. 本發明之基材碳醯鐵粉有低溫優良燒結特性、成份分佈 均勻及價格便宜的優點，而且可任意因模具形狀改變， 而生產不同开》式的鑽石切削及研磨的塊狀複合材料工 具。且製程燒結操作容易，節省製作成本的支出。再因 為鑽石抓持力佳，可持續保持良好的加工性 > 直至鑽石 顆粒一層一層逐漸磨耗為止。不像現行商業鈷基熱壓鑽 石工具是在加工銳角鈍化及將整顆鑽石顆粒拉出而暴露 其下層鑽石顆粒之新加工銳角的機構。 3. 因為介面侵触反應的避免，本發明可輕易的調整使用的 鑛鈦鑽石顆粒大小及基材元素比例，以利切削與研磨條 件之控制;如為切削時，採用顆粒大之鑽石，研磨時採用 較小之鑽石顆粒’磨光時採用微粉級的鑽石（<5um)。 _；__ 14 本紙张xHi中國國( CNS ) ( 210X297公釐) ~ --- I- J - Hi- n I rl In _^n — (請先閲讀背面之注意事項#填寫本頁) -訂' 403681 A7 ~~ —»· ---B7 五、發明説明YTTj '一" 〜- 4_基材不會因產生_造姐糾使㈣ 導致基材與躲置具產生強的化學反應。_，鑽石顆 粒上的鑛鈦層在基材與鑽石顆粒間形成一個擴散障礙 層，避免鑽石石墨化反應。合金元素可調整基材之燒結 溫度及由硬度調整元素（鎳、銅、錫、鈦 '碳）的使用， 可以大輻度調整基材的硬度而適用於不同被加工材之應 用。 從先前本發明具體化的描述，可以了解到實用的例子不 勝枚舉，而本發明優越的特性，較習知以熱壓製法與鈷基 基材製成之鑽石研磨工具，具有多頊優越性，其並未見諸 公開使用，合於專利法之規定，懇請賜與專利，實為德便。 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁)According to the description of the example of the present invention, the present invention has a manufacturing method of diamond-shaped cutting and grinding tools in which a carbonaceous iron powder having a high sintering potential as a main component and a titanium-plated diamond particle are combined as a main component. According to the process of the invention & the last one, it has a wide range of suitable cutting and grinding materials, strong combination of diamond particles and substrate, substrate hardness can be greatly adjusted, and low manufacturing costs, etc .: The present invention has outstanding The characteristics are enumerated as follows: "" S 1. The diamond particles of the diamond tool of the present invention are mineral titanium diamonds, because the bell with a titanium carbide layer `` the metal substrate component will not violently react with the diamond particles and erode the diamond And catalyze the surface graphitization of diamond particles, diamond particles can maintain high-strength properties, a wide range of process parameter control, low production equipment cost requirements, and one-time automatic pressing and -sintering process steps are simple and fast 'suitable for automated mass production, Save time and labor 2. The base carbon iron powder of the present invention has the advantages of excellent sintering characteristics at low temperature, uniform composition distribution and cheap price, and can be used to produce different diamond cutting and grinding according to the shape of the mold. Block composite material tool. And the sintering operation is easy, which saves the cost of production. Furthermore, because the diamond has a good grip, it can Continue to maintain good processability until the diamond particles gradually wear out one by one. Unlike the current commercial cobalt-based hot-pressed diamond tools, they are passivated at acute angles and the entire diamond particles are pulled out to expose the sharp edges of the lower diamond particles. 3. Because of the avoidance of the interface invasion reaction, the present invention can easily adjust the size of the used mineral titanium diamond particles and the proportion of the substrate elements to facilitate the control of cutting and grinding conditions; if cutting, use diamonds with large particles , Use smaller diamond particles when grinding 'fine powder diamond (<5um) when grinding. _; __ 14 paper xHi China (CNS) (210X297 mm) ~ --- I- J-Hi -n I rl In _ ^ n — (Please read the notes on the back #Fill this page first) -Order '403681 A7 ~~ — »· --- B7 V. Invention Description YTTj' 一 " ~-4_ 基The material will not cause a strong chemical reaction between the substrate and the hiding tool due to the production of the _ maker, the mineral titanium layer on the diamond particles forms a diffusion barrier between the substrate and the diamond particles to avoid diamond graphitization. Reaction. Alloy elements can adjust the burning of the substrate The junction temperature and the use of hardness adjusting elements (nickel, copper, tin, titanium 'carbon) can adjust the hardness of the substrate by a large degree and are suitable for the application of different processed materials. From the previous description of the present invention, it can be It is understood that there are numerous practical examples, and the superior characteristics of the present invention are superior to the conventional diamond grinding tools made by hot pressing and cobalt-based substrates, which have not been used in public. In accordance with the provisions of the Patent Law, it is a matter of honour to grant patents. (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page)
J 訂· 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡準（CNS ) A4規格（2ΐ〇χ297公釐）J Order · Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs This paper is sized for China National Standards (CNS) A4 (2 × 0297 mm)