TW397727B - Spade bit - Google Patents

Abstract

A new spade type drill bit design in which the chip flow direction along the cutting edge is always in the same direction is disclosed. As the chip flow direction is governed by the chip velocity vector, the cutting edge is designed so that the chip velocity is always generally perpendicular to a line drawn on the main cutting edge to the center access of the cutting bit. In this way the chip velocity vectors all point essentially in the same direction. A cutting bit made in accordance with the present invention results in a more efficient cutting operation as less energy is consumed in cutting action. The present invention also preferably eliminates the use of edge spurs, I.E. spurs on the outer edge of the bit, in order to increase cutting surface area and to reduce the maximum temperature along the cutting edge. In the second embodiment, the main cutting edge of the drill bit is equipped with chip breakers designed to break chips up into smaller pieces as they are cut so that no additional energy, I.E. from the driving mechanism is consumed in order to break up and to form the chips. The second embodiment provides for the flow chips to flow in one direction and at one uniform speed. In the third embodiment, a specially designed threaded point is provided in which the threads are ground to a full depth at the bottom of the drill point to a gradually decreasing depth towards the tip of the drill point.

Description

A7 B7 V. Description of Invention 彳) [Field of Invention] The present invention relates to a spade drill. More specifically, the invention relates to a drill in the form of a shovel. More specifically, the present invention relates to a drill in the form of a shovel in which the direction of chip flow along the cutting edge point is in the same direction. [Background of the Invention] In a conventional spade bit, as described in Figures 2A-C of the present application and in US Patent No. 372,485, chip flow changes along the cutting edge. Traditional spade bit designs consume excessive energy during the cutting operation because energy is consumed by the tear when chips are generated. In addition, when the chips are broken into small pieces, they become more difficult to remove from a drilled hole. The traditional spade design is also prone to vibration, which reduces the quality of the hole being drilled. In addition, many traditional designs include burrs on the outer edge of the drill which cause localized high temperatures and high wear rates. The invention uses a rounded corner design which increases the surface area and reduces the temperature of the drill at the edges, which results in a longer life and reduces the need for honing. [Invention Summary] The present invention overcomes many of the disadvantages of the prior art. The present invention provides a drill design in which all chip flow along the cutting edge is always advanced in the same direction. This is achieved in the illustrated embodiment of the invention by aligning all chip velocity vectors to be always perpendicular to a line drawn from each point of the main cutting edge to the center axis of the spade drill . By putting all the speed paper scales in Shizhou into the national standard (0 ^) / \ 4 specifications (210 \ 197 mm) Zα ~. '{¾ first read the back. V precautions again ¾ ¾ this page ), 1T line ---- A7 B7 5. Invention Description $) The degree vector points in the same direction, and the chip flow will also be used far in the same direction. In addition, the quality of the drilling performed by the shovel drill of the present invention is improved and the removal of chips in the hole is easier. Because the direction of the chip flow is always in the same direction, the chip will not break into smaller chips during the drilling process. In addition, by allowing the chips to flow in only a single direction, vibrations can be reduced and better quality holes can be obtained. In addition, the previous design of the spade drill caused chips to remain in the hole during the drilling operation, which would block the hole and impose additional strain on the drilling motor and damage the drilling motor. These disadvantages can also be solved in the design of the present invention. Furthermore, the traditional spade drill design, which includes a burr on the outer edge of the drill bit, will result in highly decisive temperatures and high wear rates. A spade drill designed in accordance with the present invention will preferably have rounded corners on its outer edge, which will not only increase the surface area to reduce the maximum temperature of the edge along the arc, which is in contrast to traditional Compared with the design, a drill with a longer tool life can be obtained and it can maintain the cutting edge for a certain period of time without having to be sharpened. Furthermore, by eliminating spurs used in traditional designs, the present invention eliminates the problem of " grabbing holes " when the drill exits the hole. The invention and its reduction in energy requirements are particularly advantageous when drilling multiple holes using wireless drilling with limited battery life. A further embodiment of the present invention provides a cutting edge having a chip chipping element and a novel self-tapping drill tip. It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a drill in which all chip flow directions along the cutting edge are the same. The paper size is suitable for China. China National Standards (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X 297 mm). 5-(Read the notes on the back first, then the secret " this page)

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_ ——..-_ ——. .-. &Quot; '— " I V. Description of the invention $) A further object of the present invention is to provide a drill bit which is efficient in energy consumption. A further object of the present invention is to provide a drill bit in which chipping of wood chips is minimized. A further object of the present invention is to provide a drill bit design in which calendars can be more easily cleared from drilled holes. It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a drill bit design which reduces the vibration of a drilled hole and thus results in a better quality hole. It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a drill design which reduces the strain and possible damage to the drilling motor due to the blockage of the hole. It is a further object of the present invention to provide a drill bit having a low wear rate and a high temperature which avoids excessive localization during drilling. It is still a further object of the present invention to provide a drill bit that does not grasp the workpiece when leaving the drilled hole. A further object of the present invention is to provide a self-tapping drill bit, which greatly obviates obstacles such as iron nails which may be encountered in the workpiece. These and other objects of the present invention are achieved by providing a spade drill bit including a shank and a cutting head. The cutting head includes a drill tip and a pair of cutting edges extending radially outward from the drill tip. The cutting edges produce cutting speed vectors that are approximately parallel to each other along the entire cutting edge. The cutting edges also include chip fragments which provide chip flow with a uniform velocity. The drawings that form a part of this specification illustrate the differences of the present invention.

、 1T ο line This paper size is suitable for China National Standards (CNS) Λ4 specification (210 × 297 male f) _ g _ A7. B ~ 7 ________ 5. Description of the invention 4) Explain the principles of the present invention together with the description. [Detailed Description of the Preferred Embodiment] Reference will now be made in detail to a plurality of presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Identical structures are indicated by similar reference numerals in different figures. As shown in Figs. 1A, 1 B and 1 C, a drill having a cutting head 6 is provided. The drill bit includes an elongated shank 4. The end of the shank opposite to the cutting head 6 is preferably provided with a hexagonal plane for cooperating with a drilling clamping block. As shown in Figure 5, the drill bit of the present invention will always flow the shoulder flow generated during the drilling in the same direction as the cutting edge. In Figure 5, the 'velocity vector 10' is shown in the listed embodiment. The angle of the velocity vector 10 °. Degree < 2 is about 5.7 degrees, which is typical for a one-inch bell-shaped blade. . However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the angle of the velocity vector varies with the thickness of the spade bit and its diameter. In contrast, Figure 7 shows a typical chip velocity vector 10 ', which is the result obtained from a conventional drill design. The velocity vectors 101 are not parallel to each other and the chip flow along the cutting edge 24 'is different at each point of the cutting edge. In the example given here, the angle of the chip velocity vector with respect to the centerline 12 of the drill bit will be approximately 24.5 degrees along the main cutting edge 25, that is, the edge closest to the drill point 16 and at The outermost point of the main cutting edge 27 'varies between 9 degrees. In Fig. 7, the angle of the chip velocity vector corresponding to the center line of the drill bit at the point where the major cutting edges are closest to the drill point 16 is marked as sum. The chip speed vector is relative to the centerline 12 in the main cutting edge, and the paper size is universal. Drag the national standard if- (CNS) A4 specification (210X297). ~ (Read the weeping matter on the back before reading ^ " 本 I) ..- 7 Pack

, 1T Μ Β7 in the ik il _ 丁 消 fr A ^ 1 · 卬 5. Description of the invention g) The angle of the outer point is marked as 7. The applicant has found that aligning these velocity vectors can result in a more efficient cutting action and consume less energy. In the conventional design of Fig. 5, the energy is wasted because chips are broken because the chips flow in different directions on the cutting edge when they are generated. The applicant also found that when using a drill with a chip velocity vector as shown in Figure 5, the chips will not be broken into smaller chips when they are generated, which makes it more efficient when holes are generated Chips are easily removed from the hole. This can reduce vibration and result in a better quality hole. In addition, the applicant found that when using a drill made in accordance with Figures 1, 3 and 5, the calendar can be easily pulled out of the hole, so that the chips of the conventional drill will block the hole and impose additional requirements on the motor The strain and in severe cases can even hinder the movement of the drill and damage the drill motor. As seen in Figures 4A and 4B, the conventional drill design includes spikes 26 and 28 on the outer edge of the drill. These spikes are often subject to localized high temperatures and high wear rates. In contrast, as seen in Figures 3 A, 3 B, and 5, the drill bit made according to the present invention preferably has rounded corners 20 and 21, which increase the surface area and decrease the largest compared to those provided with spikes. temperature. In this way, a tool with a longer tool life and a drill bit that can maintain the sharpness of the cutting edge for a longer period of time compared to conventional designs can be obtained. Figures 8 and 9 show the additional disadvantages of drills with conventional spikes. When the user of the drill is ready to withdraw from the hole, the spikes 26 and 28 of the conventional spade drill will grab the workpiece 30. When the outermost part of the spurs goes out of the workpiece 30, the spurs will cause the drill to pull itself back to the paper size through the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) (It is said that you should read the precautions before reading this page again) -Installation. '-° ο 线 -8- Α7 Β7 5. Invention Description 6 _) in the workpiece. This is because of the hook angle 5 on the spur of the spade drill as shown in FIG. In a typical conventional drill bit, the delta angle is about 5 degrees. When the drill bit begins to be pulled back into the workpiece by the spikes, the user usually feels that a sharp pull is often referred to as a grab hole. The result of the hole-grabbing is-the wood on the side is burst and chipped, because the last part 31 of the material that is not cut is pulled out instead of being cut. In contrast, when using a drill with rounded cutting edges 20 and 21, as shown in Figure 6, both the main cutting edges 22 and 24 leave the material at substantially the same time, which Can get a smooth cutting, minimal wood cracking and minimal chipping. Those skilled in the art will understand that the drill manufactured according to the present invention can maintain a sharper degree of sharpness than traditional drills for a longer period of time, exhibit better chip removal quality, and produce a better quality hole and More efficient energy source utilization. A drill bit according to a second embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figs. 10-15. In this second embodiment of the invention, chip pieces 35 and 36 are provided on the cutting edges 22 and 24, respectively. As shown in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the chip velocity vectors 10 along the cutting edges 22 and 24 are all in the same direction; that is, the chip velocity vectors 10 are designed to point approximately the same parallel direction. However, chips according to this second embodiment will be broken into smaller chips when they are produced. However, in the former spade bit, the chips flow in different directions because their velocity vectors are not aligned. Therefore, the 'chip flow angle is also misaligned. The result is that extra energy is consumed to print the chips. The paper is suitable for China ’s National Standards (CNS) A4 specification (210 × 297 cm) _ 9 _ {1¾ Read the rain first> gt Gong Hongyi_1) Equipment,-= s A 7 " B7 Cooking Shanghai Department " " ^^, '" -7 消 于 合 竹 " 卬 ¥ 5, Invention description f) Broken into smaller Chips, or at least deform them so that they can flow in the same direction. The shovel bit of the present invention aligns the chip velocity vector in a single direction. Therefore, no extra energy is required to deform them or break them. In addition, larger chips are easier to scoop out of holes. However, in the conventional drill bit and the drill bit of the first embodiment, the 'chips are inclined to flow at different speeds. Cutting speed V is guided by the following equation: ν = 2 7Γ fr, where r is the radius of a point along the cutting edge, and f is the rotation frequency (eg, 500 revolutions per minute). Since the chip speed is proportional to the cutting speed, it is easy to see from the above equation that the chip flow speed is proportional to the radius r along any point on the cutting edge and therefore will follow the cutting edge change. In other words, in traditional drills, energy is not wasted just to tear a chip apart because of different velocity flow vectors. In addition, energy is consumed to deform the chip and break it into smaller chips. A chip can flow at its own characteristic speed. In other words, the above equation shows that the chip speed will be different at each point along the cutting edge of the spade bit because r will change and f will be fixed for the entire spade bit. Therefore, in conventional drill bits and in the first embodiment of the present invention, energy is required to deform the chips so that they can flow in a single direction. The chip is designed to break the chip into two or three smaller chips. This is an advantage over traditional designs because less energy is consumed to deform the chips so that they can flow in one direction and at a single speed. Break the chips into two or three pieces on each side, because the aligned speed vectors are: the paper size is appropriate; 彳] in the national standard squat- (CNS) Λ4 size (210X297 mm) -1〇- (谙Read the notes on the back first, and then go to the page) Ii — ——

、 1T 丄 3 line; 7; &quot; Ministry ^^^^ '' &quot; <1. Elimination of noise &quot; Bamboo &quot; 卬 $ ^ A7 B7 V. Description of the invention $) and the relationship of almost fixed speed ' So it means that these two or three chips can flow in one direction. Two or three chips on each side are better settings to get the full benefit. Breaking a crumb # into more crumbs makes the removal of the holes more difficult. The chip pieces 35 and 36 break the chip into smaller chips. In other words, a drill made according to the second embodiment of the present invention does not need to consume extra energy to break or deform the chips. The detailed structure of the debris pieces will be explained with reference to Figures 1 1-14. Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of a drill according to a second embodiment of the present invention, the drill having chip pieces 35 and 36. In this exemplified structure, a chip is provided on each of the main cutting edges 22 and 24, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Moreover, in the illustrated embodiment, each of the chip pieces is triangular in shape and has an angle that is the same as the angle of the drill point i 6 of the spade drill bit as their angle. Although triangular chip pieces are preferred, other shapes may be used, including rounded chip pieces and / or angles other than the angle of the shovel tip 16 may be used. Figures 12 and 14 further illustrate the non-limiting structure of the chip piece embodiment. In the fifteenth, a spade drill having four chip pieces 35, 35 'and 36, 36' is shown. In the embodiment of Fig. 15, the length of the chip pieces, i.e., the length of the chip pieces extending away from the cutting edges 22 and 24, is changed. This illustrates the fact that although the currently preferred chip pieces are triangular shapes with a certain length ', different combinations of shapes and different lengths or sizes are also within the scope of the present invention. Figures 16-20 show a first embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment basically includes all the structure and advantages of the first embodiment and additionally, the paper size is described in the Chinese National Standard Car (CNS) A4 specification (2) 0: / 297 cm) 7γ \ ~. & Quot (诮 Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page-equipment, if. Quasi.T in the 1T section flfl- ί Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention 0) Including a threaded drill point structure. The threaded spade drill as shown in Figures 16A, 16B and 16C has the advantage of automatic feed, i.e. the user does not need to apply a thrust force when drilling a hole. The details of the threaded drill point 16 of a spade bit are shown in Figs. 17-19. The number of threads can vary with the special spade bit, but will typically vary from 16 to 26 TIP. The smaller the number of threads, the bit will be more actively and automatically fed into the material. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 17, there is a 20TIP thread using a plated honing wheel 40 for turning. . In this embodiment, the thread is preferably adjusted with the wheel 40 at an angle slightly different from the angle A of the drill point 16. In the non-limiting example of Figure 17, the drill point angle A is approximately 36 degrees. As an example, an angle A of 36. degrees is used. Angle B, which is the angle between the threads and the car, will be between 32 degrees and 34 degrees. Fig. 18B is an enlarged view of a drill bit having a threaded drill point 16 according to the present invention. In Fig. 18B, an exemplary structure of a threaded drill tip 16 made in accordance with the present invention is shown. Meanwhile, Fig. 19 is a perspective view showing another exemplary structure of the threaded portion 37 of the drill point 16. A shovel bit having a conventional threaded drill bit 16 having a cutting edge designed in accordance with a first embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. When using a drill bit 38 with a conventional threaded point design, and assuming that the user is drilling wood, if the drill bit encounters an iron nail or other metal object, the thread will be damaged. A slight damage to the thread 38 on the tip of the drill point 16 renders the thread useless. However, (read the precautions for reading τδ, and then 4 for this page). Install.--Mouth line paper size applicable to the national standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 mm). _ 12-.榀: fl 「x'Jnv.; 71 '贽 合 竹. ^ 印 ¥ A7 B7 V. Description of the invention 彳 0) A drill bit with automatic tapping designed according to the third embodiment of the present invention The bottom of the tip 16 is turned to the full depth of the thread and then gradually reduces the depth of the thread towards the top of the drill point to overcome this problem. In other words, the depth of the thread 37 'is less than the depth of the thread 37 "in Fig. 18B. This is achieved by adjusting the angles C and D of the honing wheel as described above, so leaving more material on the top or the tip of the drill point 16 makes it able to withstand bumping into the wood Impact with a spike or any other kind of metal. In contrast, in the conventional drill point design of Fig. 20, the angles C and D are typically the same, which results in the disadvantages described above. The foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention has been presented for purposes of illustration and description. They are not intended to limit the present invention to exactly the same form as the disclosed form, and there are definitely many variations and modifications under the teachings of the above disclosed. For example, the size, number, and placement of the broken shield can vary as well as the particular structure of the threaded drill point design. The basic design consideration of the first embodiment of the present invention is to ensure that the chip flow direction along the cutting edge of the drill is always in the same direction. As long as the cutting blade is designed so that the chip velocity vector is always a line drawn perpendicularly from each point of the main cutting edge to the centerline of the spade bit, the advantages of the present invention can be achieved. The examples given were chosen and explained for the purpose of explanation and the principle of the invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the following patent application scope. [Brief Description of the Drawings] Figures 1A, 1B and 1C are respectively the first real paper music scale according to the present invention applicable to the national standard across the country- (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297 mm) (1S first read the back Note again, ¾ page)-°

A7 B7 V. Description of the invention 彳 1) A top view, a side view, and an end view of the drill bit of the embodiment. Figures 2A, 2B, and 2C are a top view, a side view, and an end view of a conventional drill, respectively. Figure 3A is a perspective view of a portion of a spade drill according to the present invention. Fig. 3B is a detailed view of the cutting edge portion of Fig. 3A. FIG. 4A is a three-dimensional front view of a part of a conventional drill design; FIG. 4B is an enlarged view of the cutting edge portion of FIG. 4A. Fig. 5 shows a side view of a drill bit according to the present invention, which shows the velocity vector of the chip. Fig. 6 shows that τκ is drilled into wood_a drill bit according to the present invention. Figure 7 shows the velocity vector of a conventional spade bit and its chips. Fig. 8 shows a conventional spade drill bit pushing out a wooden workpiece. Figure 9 shows a conventional spade drill bit and its hook angle. -Figures 10A, 10B and 10C are a top view, a side view, and an end view of a drill bit according to a second embodiment of the present invention, respectively. FIG. 11 is an enlarged view of the edge protruding part in FIG. 10C. Figure 12 is an enlarged view of the edge protruding portion of the head of the drill head in Figure 10A. Fig. 13 is a partially perspective front view of a spade drill according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 14 is a perspective view of a part of the head of the drill of Fig. 13; Fig. 1.5 is a perspective view of a front end portion of a spade bit, which has four chip pieces, two on each side of the main cutting edge. The paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Liangliang (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm). ^-(诮 Please read the notes on the back before writing this page: Install · '丁,-° -¾ • 部 中 ^: ^^^: Only work eliminates 竹 -bamboo ^ 卬 &quot;1; · A7 B7 V. Description of the invention 彳 2) Figures 16 A, 16 B and 16 C are respectively a threaded portion according to the present invention. A top view, a side view, and an end view of the drill of the third embodiment. Figure 17 is an enlarged view of the cutting edge portion of the drill in Figure 16A. Fig. 18A is a partially perspective front view of a third embodiment according to the present invention. Figure 18B is a detailed view of the threaded part of the spade drill bit in Figure 18A. Number 19 is another detailed and partially three-dimensional view of a threaded drill tip of a spade drill bit according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 20 is a drawing of a threaded spade drill having a conventional thread design. . (Please read the precautions on the back before you go to this page)

Comparison of main components 2 Spade drill bit 4 Long shank 5 Cutting head 10 Speed vector 12; L ·, line 16 drill point 20, 21 Fillet 22 &gt; 24,25 Main cutting edge 35,36,35 '36 ^ Chips Pieces to national scale inscriptions on the scales of Clerk. (CNS) Λ4 size (210X297 male f) 15 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention 彳 3) 37, 38 Thread 37 ^ Thread depth Α, Β Drill point angle α Speed vector Angle (诮 Read the precautions on the back before filling the calcium page, 1T. (CNS) Α4 specification (210 × 297 mm) _ 丨 ^ _

Claims (1)

ABCD iiji, printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. 6. Patent application scope 1.—Types of drill bits, including: — Shanks; and a cutting head, which includes: i) a drill tip; And Π)-pairs of cutting edges extending radially outward from the drill tip, the cutting edges generating cutting velocity vectors that are approximately parallel to each other along the entire cutting edge. .2. The spade drill bit as described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, the cutting edges M rounded corners. 3. The spade drill bit as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the cutting edges are free of burrs. 4. The shovel drill bit as described in item 1 of the patent application scope, wherein the cattle. 5. The spade drill bit as described in item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein the debris pieces are roughly triangular. 6. The spade drill bit according to item 4 of the scope of patent application, wherein each-a chip is provided on the cutting edge. 7. The spade drill bit according to item 4 of the patent application, wherein each cutting edge is provided with two chip pieces. --- 8. The shovel drill bit described in item 7 of the scope of patent application, the cutting edge of which is provided with at least two rulers of approximately the same size-remote chip f ° 9. As described in item 7 of the scope of patent application Spade drill bit, each cutting edge is provided with at least two fragments with the same 槪 shape. Brigade &quot; ° 10. The spade drill bit described in item 7 of the patent application scope, wherein the-, 1 --- 1 ---- age, clothing-- (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) The paper size for ordering is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) A8 B8 C8 D8 Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, 1 Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives. 6 'Scope of patent application «The size of other pieces is different. 1 1. The spade drill bit according to item 7 in the scope of the patent application, wherein the shape of the fragmentary pieces is different. 12. The spade drill bit according to item 丨 in the scope of the patent application, wherein the drill point has a tip and a base and a threaded edge, and the threads are formed at an angle relative to the contour of the cutting edge At this point, the screw ^ deep ^ dye m storm jum Sui at the tip of the drill point-the degree must come shallow. 1 3 · The spade drill bit according to item 4 of the patent scope of Shen g 申, wherein the drill point has a tip and a base and a threaded edge, and the threads are based on the contour of the relevant edge The angle formed by this is used to re-screw at the tip of the drill tip. The drill tip's taper follows the emperor's thread-the depth is to come. It is shallow. This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210 X 297 mm) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) ^ ------ 1T ---- 丨 surface-ml HI .1- II n -I n