TW396683B - Method of and apparatus for controlling transmission power in a communication system - Google Patents
Method of and apparatus for controlling transmission power in a communication system Download PDFInfo
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- TW396683B TW396683B TW087106365A TW87106365A TW396683B TW 396683 B TW396683 B TW 396683B TW 087106365 A TW087106365 A TW 087106365A TW 87106365 A TW87106365 A TW 87106365A TW 396683 B TW396683 B TW 396683B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
- H04W52/08—Closed loop power control
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/06—Polyethene
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0807—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons only containing more than three carbon atoms
- C08L23/0815—Copolymers of ethene with aliphatic 1-olefins
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/10—Homopolymers or copolymers of propene
- C08L23/12—Polypropene
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- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/16—Elastomeric ethene-propene or ethene-propene-diene copolymers, e.g. EPR and EPDM rubbers
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/005—Control of transmission; Equalising
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
- H04W52/40—TPC being performed in particular situations during macro-diversity or soft handoff
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
- C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/0846—Copolymers of ethene with unsaturated hydrocarbons containing other atoms than carbon or hydrogen atoms
- C08L23/0853—Vinylacetate
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
- H04W52/04—TPC
- H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
- H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
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Abstract
Description
經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印製 A7 __. B7 _五、發明説明(1 ) 發明背景 1 .發明範圍 本發明是有關於方法及裝置,用以在一通訊系统中控制 傳輸功率。更特殊的是’本發明係關於一新改良的方法及 裝置,用於在一 CDMA通訊系統中的功率控制。 2 .相關技藝之描述 劃碼多工存取(CDMA)調變技術的使用是許多技術中的一 種,而用以輔助許多系統使用者的通訊。諸如劃時多工存 取(TDMA)及劃頻多工存取(FDMA)的其它多工存取通訊系 '統技術在技藝是已知的。然而,CDMA的擴展頻譜調變技 術在多工存取通訊系统的其它調變技術上具有許多名顯的 優點。在一多工存取通訊系统中使用CDMA技術已在美國 專利文號 4,901,307 ,標題爲 “SPREAD SPECTRUM MULTIPLE ACCESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USING SATELLITE OR TERRESTRIAL REPEATERS”揭露,此指定 爲本發明的專利,而在此列出供參考。在一多工存取通訊 系統中的CDMA技術使用還在美國專利文號5,103,459中揭 露,其標題名稱爲“SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GENERATING SIGNAL WAVEFORMS IN A CDMA CELLULAR TELEPHONE SYSTEM”,此指定爲本發明的專 利,而在此列出供參考。此外,CDMA系統能設計成符合 於 “TIA7EIA/IS-95-A Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility Standard For Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular System”,以下簡稱爲 IS-95-A標準或 TIA/EIA/IS-95-A。 -4 - 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4坑格(210X 297公漦) ---------策--η--^--1Τ----.--*線 (請先閱讀背_面之注务事項#填寫本頁) B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(2 ) 藉由一寬頻信號的固有本質的CDMA會藉由在一寬頻帶 上擴展信號能量而提供頻率差異的一種形式。因此,頻率 選擇性衰退只會影響小部份的CDMA信號頻寬。空間或路 徑變化係藉由同時連結至一移動的使用者而提供多重信號 路徑,或經由兩或更多基地台的遠端站而獲得。此外,路 徑差異能藉由利用多重路徑環境而獲得,其允許信號與要 分別接收或處理之不同傳遞延遲的擴展頻譜處理。路徑差 異的範例是在美國專利文號5,101,501的標題“METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING A SOFT 交-遞 IN COMMUNICATIONS IN A CDMA CELLULAR TELEPHONE SYSTEM”,及美國專利文號 5,109,390 的標題 “DIVERSITY RECEIVER IN A CDMA CELLULAR TELEPHONE SYSTEM”中已有描述,兩者此指 定爲本發明的專利,而在此列出供參考。 反向連結係參照從一遠端站至一基地台的一傳輸。在反 向連結上,每一傳輸遠端站係在網路中與其它遙端站形成 一干擾。因此,反向連結容量是由整個干擾所限制,由於 來自其它遠端站的傳輸。當使用者未講話的時候,CDMA 系統藉由傳輪較少的位元而增加反向連結容量,藉以使用 較少功率及減少干擾。 若要減少干擾及減少反向連結容量,每一遠端站的傳輸 功率是由三個反向連結功率控制迴路所控制。第一功率控 制运¥係藉由設定與在順向連結上所接收的功率形成反比 的傳輸功率而調整遠端站的傳輸功率。在一 IS_95_A系统 中’傳輸功率是由P〇ul = -73 - pin所提供,其中pin是由遠端站 ____ -5- 本纸張尺度適用中準(CNS ) A4規格(21Qx297公楚) A7 B7 五、發明説明(3 所接收的dBm功率,P⑽是以dBm爲單位的遠端站傳輪功 率,而-73是一常數。功率控制迴路時常稱爲開迴路。則 第二功率控制迴路是調整諸遠端站的傳輸功率,以致於 當作由每位元能量-雜訊+干擾比£1/1。測量的信號品質,其 是在基地站上所接收之反向遠結信號的信號品質是以預定 的位準而维持。此位準是參照爲£1>/1。<>該基地站會測量^ 基地站上所接收反向連結信號的Η"。,並將—反向連結功 率控制位元以響應所測量的Eb/I。而傳輸至在順向通話^道 上的遠端站。反向功率控制位元是每2 〇毫秒資料框設定b 次,或是一 800 bps率。順向通話頻道會攜帶與從基地站至 遠端站之資料及反向連結功率控制位元β此第二迴路時常 稱爲閉迴路。 CDMA通訊系統典型上是傳輸當作非連續資料框的資料 封包。因此,所需的效率位準典型上是由資料框錯誤率 (FER)所測量。第三功率控制迴路調整設應點,以致於 當作由FER測量之所需的效率位準會维持。要獲得—所提 供的FER的必需Eb/I。是決定在傳遞情況。此第三迴路時常稱 經濟部中央標隼局負工消費合作社印製 爲外迴路。反向連結的功率控制構造在美國專利文號 5,056,109 的標題 “METHOD AND APPARATUS F〇R c〇ntr〇lung TRANSMISSION POWER IN A CDMA CELLULAR MOBILE TELEPHONE SYSTEM”中已詳細揭露,此指定爲本發明的專利,而在此列 出供參考。 順向連結是參照從-基地站至—遠端站的傳輸。在順向 連結上,基地站的傳輸功率是由數種原因所控制。 _ -6-— 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4规枱(210x1^^7 五、發明説明(4 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 地站的一高傳輸功率會造成與在其它遠端站上所接收到的 信號形成干擾。另一方式,如果基地站的傳輸功率太低, 遠端站能接收錯誤的資料傳輸。地面頻道衰退及其它已知 的因素會影響如由遠端站所接收到的順向連結信號品質。 結果,每一基地站會嘗試調整其傳輸功率,以維持在遠端 站上所需要的效率位準。 在順向連結上的功率控制對於資料的傳輸是重要的。資 料傳輸典型上是與在順向連結大於在反向連結上所傳輸的 資料量形成不對稱。随著在順向連結上的有效功率控制構 造,其中該傳輸功率係控制以維持所需要的效率位準,整 個順向連結容量便能改善。 用以控制順向連結傳輸功率的一方法及裝置已在美國專 利文號 08/414,633 的標題 “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING FAST FORWARD POWER CONTROL IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM” 中揭露,此’633 專利 申請已在1995年3月31日歸檔,指定爲本發明的專利,而在 此列出供參考。在<33專利申請所揭露的方法中,當一所 傳輸的資料框爲接收錯誤的時候,遠端站會傳輸錯誤指示 位元(EIB)訊息至基地站。EIB能夠是在反向通話頻道資料 框中所包括的一位元,或在反向通話頻道上所傳送的一分 開訊息。爲響應於EIB訊息,基地站會增加遠端站的傳輸功 率〇 此方法的其中之一缺點是過長的反應時間。處理延遲包 括從基地站使用不足的功率傳輸資料框的至基地站響應來 7- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規桔(210X297公釐) 請 先 閲 背- ¢7 冬 意-事 項 再 填I裝 頁 訂 線 A7 B7 五、發明説明(5 ) 自遠端站之錯誤訊息而調整其傳輸功率之間的時間間隔。 此處理延遲包括下列所使用的時間(1)基地站使用不足功率 傳輸資料框、(2)遠端站接收資料框、(3)遠端站偵測資料 框錯誤(例如一資料框刪除)、(4)遠端站傳送錯誤訊息至基 地站、及(5 )基地站接收錯誤訊息且適當地調整其傳輸功 率。在EIB訊息產生之前’順向通話頻道資料框必須接收、 解調變、及解碼。然後,在位元能用來調整順向通話頻道 的傳輸功率之前,反向通話頻道的mB訊息攜帶必須產生、 解碼、及處理.。 - '典型上,所需的效率位準是FER的百分之一。因此,在 平均上,遠如站會傳輸指示每100個資料框有一資料框錯誤 的一錯誤訊息。根據IS-95_A標準,每—資料框是20毫秒的 時間長。這類基於EIB功率控制適用於調整順向連結傳輸功 率,以處理遮蔽情況,但是由於它的速度慢而對於衰退並 非是有效’除非使用在最慢的衰退情況。 控制順向連結傳輸功率的第二方法係利用在遠端站上所 接收信號的EW。。既然FER是決定在所接收信號的£丨,一 功率控制構造能設計成維持在所需要的位準]£0。。如果資 料在順向連結上以可變率傳輸,此設計會遭遇困難。在順 向連結上,傳輸功率的調整是決定在資料框的資料率。在 低資料率上,每-資料位元係藉由如在tia/議s_95-A中 =描述的重複調變號的一長時間而傳輸。每位元能量^是 ^時間當中所接收功率累積,且是由在每_調掛符 就中累積能量所獲得。對於匕的一相等量而言,每一=料 8- 本紙張尺度朝巾) Α4%# ( -- 請 先 閱 讀 背- 1¾ 項 再 填 聚裝 頁 訂 經濟部中央標率局貝工消费合作社印製 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 B7___五、發明説明(6 ) 位元能以較低資料率的不成比例傳輸功率而傳送。典型 上,遠端站並不知道傳輸率,且不能計算所接收之每爲元 能量Eb,直到整個資料框已解調變、解碼、及決定資料框 之資料率爲止。因此,此方法的延遲大約是在先前的美國 專利申諸文號08/414,633中描述,而且’此比率是每資料框的 一功率控制訊息。這與反向連結方法形成對比’其能夠如 在TIA/EIAAS-95-A中每資料框一功率控制訊息(位元)十六 次0 執行快速順向連結功率控制的其它方法及裝置是在先前 所描述的美國專利申請文號08/414,633,專利申請文號 08/559,386,於 1995 年 11 月 15 曰歸檔的標題 “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING FAST FORWARD POWER CONTROL IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM”、美 國專利申請文號08/722,763,於1996年12月27日歸檔的標題 "METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING LINK QUALITY IN A SPREAD SPECTRUM COMMUNICATION SYSTEM”,美國專利申請 文號08/710,335,於1996年12月16日歸檔的標題“METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING DISTRIBUTED FORWARD POWER CONTROL”、及美國專利申請文號08/752,860,於1996年12月 20 日歸檔的標題 “ADJUSTMENT OF POWER CONTROL THRESHOLD/ MEASUREMENTS BY ANTICIPATING POWER CONTROL COMMANDS THAT riAVE NOT BEEN EXECUTED”,中以有描述,所有皆指定 爲本發明的專利,在此列出供參考。 在順向連結和反向連結之間的基本差異是反向連結上並 -9 - 本張尺度適用中國國家梯準(CNS ) A4規秸(210X297公犮) ---------^--,--V--1Τ----.---線 (請先閱讀背•面之注t·事項再填筠本頁) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印聚 A7 B7 五、發明説明p ) 不需要知道傳輸率。如在前述之美國專利文號5 5056,109中 的描述’在低資料率的時候’遠端站並不會持續傳輸。當 遠端站正傳輸的時候,遠端站會以相同的功率位準及相同 的波形結構傳輸’而不管傳輸率。基地站會決定一功率控 制位元直,並將此位元以每資料框16次傳送至遠端站。既 然返端站知道傳輸率’當它不傳輸的時候,遠端站便能忽 略功率控制位元。這允許快速的反向連結功率控制。然 而,有效的功率控制率會随著傳輸率改變。對於 TIA/EIA/IS-95-A而言,速率是800 bps的整個資料框率及1〇〇 bps之1/8資料框率。 另一反向連結結構是在美國專利申請文號〇8/654、443,標Printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 __. B7 _ V. Description of the invention (1) Background of the invention 1. Scope of the invention The present invention relates to methods and devices for controlling transmission power in a communication system. More specifically, the present invention relates to a new and improved method and apparatus for power control in a CDMA communication system. 2. Description of related technologies The use of coded multiplexing (CDMA) modulation technology is one of many technologies and is used to assist the communication of many system users. Other multiplexed communication systems such as time division multiplexed access (TDMA) and frequency division multiplexed access (FDMA) are known in the art. However, CDMA's spread-spectrum modulation technology has many notable advantages over other modulation technologies for multiplexed communication systems. The use of CDMA technology in a multiplexed communication system has been disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,901,307, entitled "SPREAD SPECTRUM MULTIPLE ACCESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM USING SATELLITE OR TERRESTRIAL REPEATERS", which is designated as a patent of the present invention and here Listed for reference. The use of CDMA technology in a multiplexed communication system is also disclosed in US Patent No. 5,103,459, and its title is "SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GENERATING SIGNAL WAVEFORMS IN A CDMA CELLULAR TELEPHONE SYSTEM", which is designated as the patent of the present invention , And listed here for reference. In addition, the CDMA system can be designed to comply with "TIA7EIA / IS-95-A Mobile Station-Base Station Compatibility Standard For Dual-Mode Wideband Spread Spectrum Cellular System", hereafter referred to as IS-95-A standard or TIA / EIA / IS -95-A. -4-This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 pit grid (210X 297 cm) --------- 策 --η-^-1Τ ----.-- * (Please read the back_ 面 的 注 务 事 # fill in this page) B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. Description of the invention (2) CDMA, which uses the inherent nature of a broadband signal, A form of frequency difference that spreads signal energy over a wide frequency band. Therefore, frequency selective degradation will affect only a small part of the CDMA signal bandwidth. Spatial or path variations are obtained by providing multiple signal paths by simultaneously connecting to a mobile user, or via remote stations from two or more base stations. In addition, path differences can be obtained by using a multi-path environment, which allows signals to be processed with spread spectrum with different transmission delays to be received or processed separately. Examples of path differences are the title "METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR PROVIDING A SOFT" in US Patent No. 5,101,501, and the title "DIVERSITY RECEIVER IN A CDMA" in US Patent No. 5,109,390. "CELLULAR TELEPHONE SYSTEM" has been described, both of which are designated as patents of the present invention, and are listed here for reference. Backlink refers to a transmission from a remote station to a base station. On the reverse link, each transmitting remote station creates interference with other remote end stations in the network. Therefore, the reverse link capacity is limited by the overall interference due to transmissions from other remote stations. When the user is not speaking, the CDMA system increases the reverse link capacity by transmitting fewer bits, thereby using less power and reducing interference. To reduce interference and reduce reverse link capacity, the transmission power of each remote station is controlled by three reverse link power control loops. The first power control operation adjusts the transmission power of the remote station by setting the transmission power in inverse proportion to the power received on the forward link. In an IS_95_A system, the 'transmission power is provided by P〇ul = -73-pin, where the pin is provided by the remote station ____ -5- This paper size is applicable to CNS A4 specifications (21Qx297) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (3 Received dBm power, P⑽ is the remote station transmission wheel power in dBm, and -73 is a constant. The power control loop is often called an open loop. The second power control loop It is to adjust the transmission power of the remote stations so that it is treated as per bit energy-noise + interference ratio £ 1/1. The measured signal quality is the reverse far-end signal received at the base station The signal quality is maintained at a predetermined level. This level is referenced to £ 1 > / 1. ≪ > The base station will measure ^ " of the reverse link signal received at the base station and will— The reverse power control bit is transmitted in response to the measured Eb / I. It is transmitted to the remote station on the forward channel. The reverse power control bit is set b times every 20 milliseconds of data frame, or one 800 bps rate. The forward call channel will carry data and reverse link power from the base station to the remote station Control bit β This second loop is often called a closed loop. CDMA communication systems typically transmit data packets that are treated as discontinuous data frames. Therefore, the required efficiency level is typically determined by the frame error rate (FER) Measured. The third power control loop adjusts the set point so that the required level of efficiency deemed to be measured by the FER will be maintained. To obtain—the required Eb / I of the provided FER. It is the decision to pass the situation. This The third circuit is often referred to as the external circuit printed by the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives. The reverse-connected power control structure is in the title "METHOD AND APPARATUS F〇R c〇ntr〇lung" of US Patent No. 5,056,109. TRANSMISSION POWER IN A CDMA CELLULAR MOBILE TELEPHONE SYSTEM "has been disclosed in detail. This designation is the patent of the present invention, and is listed here for reference. Forward link refers to the transmission from-base station to-remote station. To the link, the transmission power of the base station is controlled by several reasons. _ -6-— This paper size applies to China National Standard (CNS) A4 regulations (210x1 ^^ 7 V. Description of the invention (4 A7 B7 by A high transmission power at the printed ground station of the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Ministry of Standards of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs will cause interference with signals received at other remote stations. Alternatively, if the transmission power of the base station is too low, the remote station can Receive incorrect data transmission. Terrestrial channel degradation and other known factors affect the quality of forward link signals received by remote stations. As a result, each base station will try to adjust its transmission power to maintain the remote The level of efficiency needed on the station. Power control on the forward link is important for data transmission. Data transmission is typically asymmetric with the amount of data transmitted on the forward link over the reverse link. With the effective power control structure on the forward link, in which the transmission power is controlled to maintain the required efficiency level, the overall forward link capacity can be improved. A method and device for controlling forward link transmission power have been disclosed in the title "METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING FAST FORWARD POWER CONTROL IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM" of U.S. Patent No. 08 / 414,633. This' 633 patent application has been published in It was filed on March 31, 1995 and designated as a patent for the present invention, and is listed here for reference. In the method disclosed in the < 33 patent application, when a transmitted data frame is received incorrectly, the remote station transmits an error indication bit (EIB) message to the base station. The EIB can be a bit included in the reverse talk channel information box or a separate message sent on the reverse talk channel. In response to the EIB message, the base station will increase the transmission power of the remote station. One of the disadvantages of this method is the long response time. The processing delay includes the response from the base station to the base station using insufficient power transmission data frames. 7- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 Regulation Orange (210X297 mm). Please read the back-¢ 7 Dongyi- Fill in the matter again I binding line A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (5) Adjust the time interval between the transmission power of the error message from the remote station. This processing delay includes the following time used: (1) the base station uses insufficient power to transmit the data frame, (2) the remote station receives the data frame, (3) the remote station detects a data frame error (for example, a data frame is deleted), (4) The remote station sends an error message to the base station, and (5) the base station receives the error message and adjusts its transmission power appropriately. Before the EIB message is generated, the forward communication channel data frame must be received, demodulated, and decoded. Then, before the bit can be used to adjust the transmission power of the forward talk channel, the mB message carrying of the reverse talk channel must be generated, decoded, and processed. -'Typically the required efficiency level is one hundredth of FER. Therefore, on average, Yuanru Station will transmit an error message indicating that there is a data frame error for every 100 data frames. According to the IS-95_A standard, each data frame is 20 milliseconds long. This type of EIB-based power control is suitable for adjusting forward link transmission power to handle occlusion situations, but it is not effective for decay due to its slow speed 'unless used in the slowest decay situation. The second method of controlling the forward link transmission power is to use the EW of the signal received at the remote station. . Since FER is determined at the received signal, a power control structure can be designed to maintain the required level]. . This design can be difficult if data is transmitted at a variable rate on the forward link. On the forward link, the adjustment of the transmission power determines the data rate in the data frame. At low data rates, per-data bits are transmitted over a long period of time with repeated modulation numbers as described in tia / s_95-A =. Energy per bit ^ is the accumulated power received over time and is obtained by accumulating energy in every tune. For an equal amount of knives, each = material 8-this paper size towards the towel) Α4% # (-Please read the back-1¾ items and then fill in the binding page to order the bookbinding consumer cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs printed A7 B7___ V. Invention Description (6) Bits can be transmitted with disproportionate transmission power at a lower data rate. Typically, remote stations do not know the transmission rate. It is not possible to calculate each elementary energy Eb received until the entire data frame has been demodulated, decoded, and determined the data rate of the data frame. Therefore, the delay of this method is approximately in the previous US Patent Application No. 08 / 414,633, and 'This ratio is one power control message per data frame. This is in contrast to the reverse connection method' which enables one power control message per data frame (bits as in TIA / EIAAS-95-A ) Sixteen times. Other methods and devices for performing fast forward link power control are previously described in U.S. Patent Application No. 08 / 414,633, Patent Application No. 08 / 559,386, Title Archived November 15, 1995. "M ETHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING FAST FORWARD POWER CONTROL IN A MOBILE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM ", U.S. Patent Application No. 08 / 722,763, title filed on December 27, 1996 " METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR MEASURING LINK QUALITY IN A SPREAD SPECTRUM COMMUNICATION SYSTEM ", US Patent Application No. 08 / 710,335, Title" METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR PERFORMING DISTRIBUTED FORWARD POWER CONTROL "filed on December 16, 1996, and US Patent Application No. 08 / 752,860, on December 20, 1996 The title of the archive "ADJUSTMENT OF POWER CONTROL THRESHOLD / MEASUREMENTS BY ANTICIPATING POWER CONTROL COMMANDS THAT riAVE NOT BEEN EXECUTED" is described in it and all are designated as patents of the present invention, which are listed here for reference. The basic difference between the backward links is the reverse link and -9-This scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Regulation (210X297) 犮 --------- ^-,- V--1Τ ----.--- line (please read the note on the back, the matter t, and then fill out this page) Printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. invention described p) need not know the transmission rate. As described in the aforementioned U.S. Patent No. 5 5056,109, 'at a low data rate' the remote station does not transmit continuously. When the remote station is transmitting, the remote station will transmit at the same power level and the same waveform structure 'regardless of the transmission rate. The base station determines a power control bit and transmits this bit to the remote station 16 times per data frame. Now that the returning station knows the transmission rate ', when it is not transmitting, the remote station can ignore the power control bit. This allows fast reverse link power control. However, the effective power control rate changes with the transmission rate. For TIA / EIA / IS-95-A, the rate is the entire data frame rate of 800 bps and 1/8 data frame rate of 100 bps. Another reverse link structure is disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 08/654, 443,
題 HIGH DATA RATE CDMA WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM”,此後是_443專利申請,而於1996年5月28曰歸 樓’此指定爲本發明的專利,在此列出供參考。根據,443 專利申請,輔助導頻會引用於反向連結中。導頻位準在反 向連結上是獨互的傳輸率。此允許基地站來測量導頻位 準,並將反向連結功率控制以一固定率而傳送给遠端站。 發明概要 本發明的目標是要提供高速率順向連結功率控制的一方 法及裝置。 本發明的一目的是要改良順向連結功率控制迴路的反應 時間’並藉由測量反向連結功率控制位元的品質而在順向 連結上動態地調整傳輸功率,而該等反向連結功率控制位 儿疋以在一資料框中的倍數時間而在通話頻道上傳輸。在 ---------餐--/--J--ΪΤ·-------^ (請先閲讀#.面之注t·事項再填莴本頁) A7 A7 經濟部中央標毕局貝工消費合作社印製 '^-------- 五、發明説明(8 ) '— L時間間隔上測量允許基地站動態地調整傳輸功率,以減 (其Έ基地站的干擾,並取得最大的順向連結容量。所改 良的反應時間允許功率控制迴路能有效地補償較慢的衰 退。對於快速衰退而言,在通訊系統中的阻斷交錯器是有 效的。 在本發明的一觀點上提供一方法用以控制在CDMA系統 中的傳輸功率,其包括下列步驟:測量第一組位元的振幅 値,使用一目標能量位準來比較該振幅値;及隨著該比較 步驟而產生第二组位元,其中該傳輸功率係根據該第二組 位元而調整。 本發明的另一觀點是要提供一裝置,用以在CDMA系統 中控制一傳輸功率,包括:在目標能量位準上維持所接收 信號品質的第一功率控制迴路,該第一功率控制迴路會接 收第一組位元,並隨著該第一組位元及該目標能量位準而 提供第二组位元;及第二功率控制迴路係用以維持該所接 收信號的一測量效率,該第二功率控制迴路會接收資料框 錯誤的指示符號及效率臨界,並隨著該所測量的效率而將 該目標能量位準提供給該第一功率控制迴路及該效率臨 界。 本發明的另一觀點是要提供在一無線通訊系統中的一基 地站控制器.,其包括一或多個基地站及一或多個遠端站, 控制器包括一發送器,用以在一傳輸頻道上使通訊信號與 功率控制信號同時傳送,一接收機係用以接收來自一遠端 站而在傳輸頻道中的信號,並藉由遠端站而在傳輸頻道上 -11 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規梏(210X297公釐) 裝--ί--f_--IT----·--0 {請先閲讀背^-之注^事項丹填蹲本頁} A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明(9 表示所接收的通訊信號的一屬性;一控制器係用以處理由 接收斋所接收到的信號,並根據在傳輸頻道中的發射器所 傳輸之處理過的功率控制信號而控制。 本發明也提供使用在無線的通訊系統中的一遠端站,其 包括一或多個基地站及一或多個遠端站,遠端站包括一接 收器,用以接收一或多個通訊信號及由在一傳輸頻道中的 一基地站所傳送的功率控制信號,一控制器係用以處理由 接收器所接收的信號;及一發射機係用以傳輸在信號頻道 中的傳輸信號.,其表示接收到通訊信號的屬性。 在本發明的一具體實施例中,遠端站係測量反向連結功 皁控制位元,其是以每秒800位元的一速率而在順向通話頻 道上傳輸。反向連結功率控制位元是插入順向通話頻道資 料流。功率控制位元的增益是連同順向連結資料位元的增 益而同時調整。然而,不像似資料位元,功率控制位元的 傳輸位準並未根據資料率依比例處理。功率控制位元之所 "、!里的仏號品質是用來調整基地站的傳輪功率。 本發明的一目的是要藉由使用反向連結功率控制位元的 能量測量來改良順向連結功率控制的響應時間。反向連結 功率控制位元是以800 bps速率傳輸。因此,本發明的順向 連結功率控制構造能以每1.25毫秒執行所接收順向通話頻 运的品質。該等測量能傳輸至基地站,而用於調整順向連 結傳輸功率。所改良的響應時間能允許基地站有效地補償 在頻道中的緩慢衰減,並改良順向通話頻道的效率。 本發明的另一目的是藉由允許在基地站的傳輪功率中迅 ---------裝--r--.i--訂----.--線 (請先閱讀背面之注各事項再填寫本頁> -12 表紙張尺度適用中國( cns 職"HIGH DATA RATE CDMA WIRELESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM", followed by the _443 patent application, and on May 28, 1996, "Guilou" was designated as the patent of the present invention, which is listed here for reference. According to 443 patent application, the auxiliary The pilot will be referenced in the reverse link. The pilot level is a unique transmission rate on the reverse link. This allows the base station to measure the pilot level and transmit the reverse link power control at a fixed rate To the remote station. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to provide a method and device for high-speed forward link power control. An object of the present invention is to improve the response time of the forward link power control loop and to measure the response time The transmission power is dynamically adjusted on the forward link to the quality of the link power control bit, and the reverse link power control bits are transmitted on the call channel at multiple times in a data frame. In- ------- Meal-/-J--ΪΤ · ------- ^ (please read #. Noodles note t. Matters before filling in this page) A7 A7 Central Ministry of Economic Affairs "^ -------- V. Invention Description (8)" — The measurement on the L time interval allows the base station to dynamically adjust the transmission power to reduce the interference from its base station and obtain the maximum forward connection capacity. The improved response time allows the power control loop to effectively compensate for the slower decay For fast decay, the blocking interleaver in the communication system is effective. In one aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling transmission power in a CDMA system is provided, which includes the following steps: measuring the first group The amplitude 値 of a bit is compared using a target energy level; and a second set of bits is generated with the comparison step, wherein the transmission power is adjusted according to the second set of bits. Another aspect is to provide a device for controlling a transmission power in a CDMA system, including: a first power control loop that maintains a received signal quality at a target energy level, the first power control loop receiving the first Group of bits, and provide a second group of bits with the first group of bits and the target energy level; and a second power control loop is used to maintain the received signal Measurement efficiency, the second power control loop will receive the wrong indication of the data frame and the efficiency threshold, and provide the target energy level to the first power control loop and the efficiency along with the measured efficiency. Critical. Another aspect of the present invention is to provide a base station controller in a wireless communication system, which includes one or more base stations and one or more remote stations. The controller includes a transmitter for In order to transmit the communication signal and the power control signal simultaneously on a transmission channel, a receiver is used to receive a signal from a remote station in the transmission channel, and the remote station on the transmission channel is -11- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 Regulations (210X297 mm) Packing--ί--f _-- IT ---- · --0 {Please read the note on the back ^-^^ This page} A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Invention Description (9 indicates an attribute of the received communication signal; a controller is used to process the signal received by the receiver, and is based on the Transmitted by a transmitter in a transmission channel Processed control signal to control the power. The present invention also provides a remote station for use in a wireless communication system, which includes one or more base stations and one or more remote stations. The remote station includes a receiver for receiving one or more communications. A signal and a power control signal transmitted by a base station in a transmission channel, a controller for processing the signal received by the receiver; and a transmitter for transmitting the transmission signal in the signal channel. , Which indicates the attributes of the received communication signal. In a specific embodiment of the invention, the remote station measures the reverse link power control bit, which is transmitted on the forward call channel at a rate of 800 bits per second. The reverse link power control bit is inserted into the forward talk channel data stream. The gain of the power control bit is adjusted simultaneously with the gain of the forward link data bit. However, unlike the data bit, the transmission level of the power control bit is not proportionally processed according to the data rate. Home of Power Control Bits ",! The quality of the 品质 is used to adjust the power of the base station. It is an object of the present invention to improve the response time of forward link power control by using energy measurement of the reverse link power control bit. The reverse link power control bits are transmitted at 800 bps. Therefore, the forward link power control structure of the present invention can execute the quality of the received forward call frequency every 1.25 milliseconds. These measurements can be transmitted to the base station and used to adjust the forward connection transmission power. The improved response time allows the base station to effectively compensate for the slow fading in the channel and improve the efficiency of the forward call channel. Another object of the present invention is to allow the speed of the base station's transfer power to be adjusted quickly. Read the notes on the back and fill in this page > -12 Form paper size applies to China (cns position
J 五 發明説明(10 A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 件^ t來增加順向連結的容量。本發明的功率控制構造允 車基=站以最小所需的傳輸功率來傳輸,以维持必要的效 作的Γ既然基地站的整個傳輸功率是固定,-所提供工 作。小傳輸會造成節劣傳輸功率,而能使用於其它的工 本發明的另一目的菩盈组灿 ^ . 疋要耠供一可靠的順向連結功率控制 …k。在逆端站上’來自許多區段的反向連結功率控制位 疋’或來自相同區段的哞炙上一 連結信號品質的-改良會组合,以產生順向 艮冽量。認舄不可靠的反向連結功率 制位元能從功率㈣迴路的使用巾省略。在基地站上, Ζ連結功率控制位元是由與遠端站通訊的所有基地站所 接收。基地站的順向通話頻道增益會週期性地改正,所以 順向連結功率㈣位元的錯誤接收並不會累積。 本發明的另—目的是要提供—構造,以便將順向連結功 率调整爲所需的資料框錯誤率,類似於由反 連結所做的。 ,本發明的另一目的是要提供一構造’以便在基地站之間 溝通功率控制位元。控制順向連結傳輸功率的功率控制仁 元可以或不可以在不同的基地站上正確地接收。本: 提供接基地站,其會使用必需的資訊來接收錯誤的功^ 制位凡,以更新它們順向連結傳輸功率。 工 圖式之簡單説明 本發明的特徵、目的、和優點可從下面所發表之本 的一具體實施例及附圖的參考而詳細地描述,使其能變成 私衣 --{- n /-- (锖先閱讳背•面之注奢事項再济窝木ί ) II -J. Five invention descriptions (10 A7 B7 The employees of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs consume printed parts of the cooperative to increase the capacity of the forward link. The power control structure of the present invention allows the car base = station to transmit with the minimum required transmission power, In order to maintain the necessary effect, since the entire transmission power of the base station is fixed, the provided work. Small transmissions will cause inferior transmission power, and can be used for other purposes of the present invention.疋 To provide a reliable forward link power control ... k. 'Reverse link power control bits from many sectors' on the reverse station or to improve the quality of a link signal from the same sector-improvement Will be combined to generate the forward direction. The unreliable reverse link power control bit can be omitted from the use of the power loop. At the base station, the Z link power control bit is connected to the remote station. Received by all base stations of the communication. The forward channel gain of the base station is periodically corrected, so incorrect reception of forward link power and bit does not accumulate. Another purpose of the present invention is to provide Structure to adjust the forward link power to the required data frame error rate, similar to what is done by anti-link. Another object of the present invention is to provide a structure 'to communicate power control bits between base stations. The power control unit that controls the forward link transmission power may or may not receive it correctly at different base stations. This: Provides a base station that will use the necessary information to receive the wrong function. In order to update their forward link transmission power, the simple description of the features, objectives, and advantages of the present invention can be described in detail from a specific embodiment of the present invention and the reference to the drawings published below, so that it can become Private clothing-{-n /-(I read the taboo first and pay attention to the luxury matters first, then save the wood) Ⅱ-
-I I -11 I - .ml· · 訂 線----- 13- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規格(2】Οχ 297公f-I I -11 I-.ml · · Ordering ----- 13- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (2) 〇χ 297 公 f
A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消f合作社印製 五、發明説明(11 ) 更明顯而易懂,其中: 圖1是包括本發明的通訊系統圖’且包括與遠端站通訊的 一多元基地站; 圖2是一基地站及一遠端站之範例方塊圖; 圖3是一順向通話頻道之範例方塊圖; 圖4在遠端站中的一解調器之範例方塊圖; 圖5在遠端站中的一解碼器之範例方塊圖; 圖6在遠端站中的一功率控制處理器之範例方塊圖; 圖7是順向和反向連結功率控-制頻道的一時序圖;及 •圖8是在順向連結功率控制迴路中的一増益改正構造的時 序圖。 較佳具體實施例之詳細説明 在包括本發明的一系統中,基地站會將反向連結功率控 制位元及在順向通話頻道上的資料同時傳輸。當減少在系 統中的其它遠端站干擾的時候,反向連結功率控制位元是 由遠端站所使用,以控制其傳輪功率,而能維持所需的效 率位準。反向連結的功率控制構造是在前述的美國專利申 請文號08/414,633中已揭露。由於處理延遲的敏感,反向連 結功率位元並未編碼。事實上,功率控制位元會插入資料 (參考圖3)。在此感受上,插入是一處理,其一或多個碼符 號是由功率控制位元所替換。 在範例的具體實施例中,反向連結功率控制位元是以800 bps的速率傳輸,或是每1.25毫秒的時間缝隙的一功率控制 位το。時間缝隙稱爲一功率控制組。在耦數空間間隔上侓 -14 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規祐(21〇><297公费 請 先 閱 讀 背· 面 之 注 項 再 填Ϊ裝 頁 訂 線 經濟部中央標_局員工消费合作社印製 A7 B7 五、發明説明(12 ) 輸功率控制位元會造成基地站將功率控制位元同時傳送至 許多的遠端站。這造成傳輸功率量中瘋値。結果,功率控 制位元是在1.25毫秒功率控制姐而虚擬任意地置放。這是 由將1 _25毫秒時槽劃分成24個位置及虛擬隨機地選取而達 成,随著一長的PN順序,位置會在功綠控制位元中形成。 在範例的具體實施例中,只有在功率控制组的該等第16位 置中的一個會選取當作是一啓始位置,而最後的8個位置 並不會選取。 順向通話頻道是一可變率的頻道,而且順向通話頻道的 傳輸功率是決定在資料率。順向通話頻道的效率是由 所測量,其是決定在遠端站上所接收的每位元能量匕。在 較低的資料率上,相同之每位元能量是傳播在一較長的時 間當中,其會造成一低傳輸功率位準。 在範例的具體實施例中,係根據TIA/EIA/IS_95_A於順向 連結上傳輸。IS-95-A標準係提供用於使用兩速率组中的一 來傳輸。速率组1係支援9‘6 kbps、4.8 kbps、2.4 kbps、和1.2 kbps的資料率。9.6 kbps資料率係使用傳統編碼器的ι/2速率 而编碼,以產生一19,2 kbps的符號率。較低資料率的编碼 資料是重複N次,以獲得19.2 ksps符號率。速率纽2係支援 14.4 kbps、7_2 kbps、3‘6 kbps、和18 咖㈣資料率。14 4 kbps資料率係使用所插入之傳統編碼器的1/2率而编碼,以 獲得-速率3/4。因此,符號率也是144kbps資料率的192 ksps。速率組是由在一呼叫開始步驟之間的基地站所選 取,而典型用以保留在通訊期間的有效,雖然所傳送的速 -15- 本纸尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規栝(2丨0^7公fy ---------裝—J----—訂 *------0 (請先閱讀#.面之注奮事項再填{馬本頁) A7 _____-___B7 五、發明説明(13 ) 率能在呼叫期間改變。在範例的具體實施例中,反向連結 功率控制位元期間的持續是速率幻的兩符1寬(1〇42辦〇 组合1及速率组2的一符號寬(52.1 MSec)。 f此規格中,順向通話頻道的傳輸增益係參照爲傳輸資 ,信號的每一能量位元匕(通話)。具有低資料率的資料框 是由在所指疋之每位元能量上所傳輸的較少位元所組成, 因此曰以較少的功率傳輸。在此方法中"貭向連結通話頻 道的功率位準是與所要傳輸的目前資料框的資料率而做比 例處理。反向.連結使控制位元的傳輸增益是參照爲插入資 料流之反向連結功率控制位元之每位元能量ε“功率控 制)。每一反向連結功率控制位元具有相同的持續時間,而 因此這些位凡的功率位準並未決定在所插入資料框的資料 率。功率控制位元的這些特性是由具體實施例而提供,以 提供改良的順向連結功率控制構造。順向連結功率控制的 操作會造成基地站在通話頻道增益中調整。在範例的具體 實施例中,通話頻道増益的每一調整也會提供反向連結功 率控制位元的增盈,所以兩增益會同時調整。 如由遠端站所接收的順向連結信號品質係藉由測量反向 連結功率控制位元的振幅而決定,該等反向連結功率控制 位元是在順向通話頻道上傳輸。資料位元的品質並非直接 Jj量,但疋從反向連結功率控制位元所測量的振幅而推斷 出。這是合理的,既然功率控制位元及通話資料同時會受 到在傳遞環境中的變化而影響。因此,如果資料位元的振 幅疋维持在功率控制位元之振幅的已知速率,具體實施例 ___ ________ ' 16 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家餅(:剛a峨A7 B7 Printed by the staff of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and printed by the cooperative. V. The invention description (11) is more obvious and easier to understand. Among them: Figure 1 is a diagram of the communication system including the present invention and includes a variety of communication with remote stations. Base station; Figure 2 is an example block diagram of a base station and a remote station; Figure 3 is an example block diagram of a forward communication channel; Figure 4 is an example block diagram of a demodulator in a remote station; 5 An example block diagram of a decoder in a remote station; FIG. 6 An example block diagram of a power control processor in a remote station; FIG. 7 is a timing diagram of forward and reverse link power control-control channels Figures; and Figure 8 are timing diagrams of a beneficial correction structure in a forward link power control loop. Detailed description of the preferred embodiment In a system including the present invention, the base station transmits the reverse link power control bit and the data on the forward call channel simultaneously. When reducing interference from other remote stations in the system, the reverse link power control bit is used by the remote station to control its wheel power while maintaining the required efficiency level. The reverse link power control structure is disclosed in the aforementioned U.S. Patent Application No. 08 / 414,633. Due to the sensitivity of processing delay, the reverse connection power bits are not coded. In fact, data is inserted into the power control bits (refer to Figure 3). In this sense, insertion is a process in which one or more code symbols are replaced by power control bits. In the exemplary embodiment, the reverse link power control bit is transmitted at a rate of 800 bps, or a power control bit το every 1.25 milliseconds time slot. The time slot is called a power control group. On the coupling space interval 侓 -14 This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 regulations (21〇 > < 297 public funds, please read the note on the back and front, and then fill in the binding page and the binding department of the Ministry of Economy Central Standard_Printed by the Bureau ’s Consumer Cooperatives A7 B7 V. Description of the Invention (12) The transmission power control bit will cause the base station to transmit the power control bit to many remote stations at the same time. This causes a crazy amount of transmission power. As a result, the power control bits are virtually arbitrarily placed at 1.25 milliseconds of power control. This is achieved by dividing the 1_25 millisecond time slot into 24 positions and randomly selecting them randomly. With a long PN sequence, The position will be formed in the power green control bit. In the exemplary embodiment, only one of the 16th positions in the power control group will be selected as a starting position, and the last 8 positions are Not selected. The forward call channel is a variable rate channel, and the transmission power of the forward call channel is determined by the data rate. The efficiency of the forward call channel is measured and it is determined by the remote station. Received every Meta-energy dagger. At lower data rates, the same per-bit energy is propagated over a longer period of time, which results in a low transmission power level. In the specific embodiment of the example, it is based on TIA / EIA / IS_95_A is transmitted on the forward link. The IS-95-A standard is provided for transmission using one of two rate groups. The rate group 1 series supports 9'6 kbps, 4.8 kbps, 2.4 kbps, and 1.2 kbps. Data rate. The 9.6 kbps data rate is encoded using the ι / 2 rate of a conventional encoder to produce a symbol rate of 19,2 kbps. The encoded data of the lower data rate is repeated N times to obtain 19.2 ksps symbols Data rate 2 supports 14.4 kbps, 7_2 kbps, 3'6 kbps, and 18 data rates. 14 4 kbps data rate is encoded using 1/2 the rate of the traditional encoder inserted to obtain- The rate is 3/4. Therefore, the symbol rate is also 192 ksps at a data rate of 144kbps. The rate group is selected by the base station between the steps of a call initiation, and is typically used to retain the validity during communication, although the transmitted rate -15- The paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 Regulations (2 丨 0 ^ 7 公 fy --------- install—J ----— order * ------ 0 (please read #. 面 的 NOTES and fill in {马 页) A7 _____ -___ B7 V. Description of the invention (13) The rate can be changed during the call. In the exemplary embodiment, the duration of the reverse link power control bit period is two-character 1-wide (1 042) 0 combination 1 And a symbol width (52.1 MSec) of rate group 2. f In this specification, the transmission gain of the forward call channel is referred to as the transmission rate, and each energy bit of the signal (call). A data frame with a low data rate is made up of fewer bits transmitted per bit energy of the indicated chirp, so it is transmitted with less power. In this method, the power level of the directional link channel is proportional to the data rate of the current data frame to be transmitted. The transmission gain of the reverse link control bit is referred to the energy per bit ε "power control" of the reverse link power control bit inserted into the data stream. Each reverse link power control bit has the same duration , And therefore these extraordinary power levels do not determine the data rate in the inserted data frame. These characteristics of the power control bits are provided by specific embodiments to provide an improved forward link power control structure. Forward The operation of link power control will cause the base station to adjust the gain of the call channel. In the specific embodiment of the example, each adjustment of the benefit of the call channel will also provide a gain of the reverse link power control bit, so the two gains will be simultaneously Adjustment. If the quality of the forward link signal received by the remote station is determined by measuring the amplitude of the reverse link power control bits, these reverse link power control bits are transmitted on the forward call channel. Data The quality of the bit is not a direct Jj quantity, but 疋 is inferred from the amplitude measured by the reverse link power control bit. This is reasonable, since power control Metadata and call data will be affected by changes in the transmission environment at the same time. Therefore, if the amplitude of the data bit 疋 is maintained at a known rate of the amplitude of the power control bit, the specific embodiment ___ ________ '16-This paper scale Applicable for China National Cake (: Ganga E
請 k, 閱 讀 背. 之 注 意· 事 項 再 填 ί裳· 頁I 訂 ί I 線 經濟部中央揉準局貝工消費合作社印製 A7 A7 B7 五、發明説明(14 便會正常操作。 刑 L, 傳榦 反向連結功率控制位元是在低傳輸功率位準上 —11。此外,功率控制位元能從在通訊系統中的許多基地 站,傳輸。功率控制位元之振幅的-更正確測量是藉由接 整=2控制位兀而獲得,根據導頻信號的相位和振幅而調 二I丨甘控制位元的振幅。功率控制位元的濾波振幅是用來 ::二地站的傳輸功率,以致於在遠端站所接收的順向連 〜仏號品質是維持在所需的位準上。 眞向連釔功.率控制構造係操作兩功率控制迴路。該第一 功率=制迴路的閉迴路係調整基地站的傳輸功率,以致於 S端站所接收之反向連結功率控制位元㈣波振幅品質 持在-目標能量位準。在多數的情況中,目標能量位 ^是順向通話頻道的FER決定。遠端站會要求基地站來調 1順向連結傳輸功率,其係藉由在反向連結上傳送順向連 結功率控制位元 每—順向連結功率控制位元會造成基地 站増加或減少相對於通話頻道的增|。外迴路的第二功率 控制迴路是遠端站調整目標能量位準的構造,冑了要維持 所需的FER。 爲了要改良順向連結功率控制構造的效力,諸如在頻道 中的緩慢衰退’閉迴路是設計成能以高速操作。在範例的 具體實施例中’來自順向連結信號之品質測量的反向連結 功率控制位元是以800 bps傳輸’而順向連結功率控制位元 也在反向通話頻道上以800 bps傳輸。因此,基地站的傳輸 功率能以每秒高達_次而調整。然而,因爲順向功率控制 -17- m - 装--^--/--訂-------線 (請先閱讀背®*之注束事項再填{I?本頁) 經濟部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規招(210X297公趋 A7 A7 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 18- 五、發明説明(15 ) 位元是以未编碼及最小的能量傳送,某些順向功率控制位 元不能在基地站圓滿地接收。一基地站能選取,以忽略無 完全可靠的任何順向功率控制位元。 在範例的具體實施例中,外迴路之第二順向連結功率控 制迴路會以每一資料框一次或每秒50次來更新目標能量位 準一次。外迴路會設定能造成意欲之FER效率的目標能量 位準値。當傳遞環境並未改變的時候,外迴路應很快地決 定目標能量位準的適當値,並保持目標値在水準上。當在 頻道特性(例如,一增加的干擾位準、一移動使用者的速度 變化、或一信號路徑的出現或消失)中具有變化的時候,可 能需有不同的目標能量位準,爲了要在相同的FEr中持續 操作。因此外迴路應很快將目標値移至新的位準,以適應 新的條件。 1 .電路描述 請即參考各圖,圖丨係表示包括在本發明具體實施例的一 通訊系統,其是由許多的基地站4與通訊的許多遠端站 6 (爲了簡化而只顯示一遠端站6 )所组成。系統控制器2係 連接至在通訊系統中的所有基地站4及公眾切換電話網路 (PSTN) 8。系統控制器2是在連接至PSTN 8的使用者及遠端 站6上的使用者之間通訊β從基地站4至遠端站6的資料傳 輸會經由信號路徑1 〇而發生在順向連結上,而從遠端站石至 基地站4的傳輸會經由信號路徑12而發生在反向連結上。俨 號路徑能夠是諸如信號路徑10a的一直線路徑,或諸^反映 路徑14的一反射路徑《當來自基地站4a所傳輸的信號反射 私纸張尺度適财關家料(CNS ) A侧Μ 210^97公楚 ---------^-----—ir^------Μ (請先閱讀背面之注t-事項再填苑本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印聚 A7 __________B7 五、發明説明(16 ) '~_~~ 離反射源16的時候,反射路徑14便會產生,並經由不同於 目視路徑線的一條線而抵達遠端站6。雖然如在圖丨中的方 塊所示,反映源16是在環境中人爲所產生的結果,其遠端 站6正在操作,例如一建築物或其它的結構。 本發明具姐表達的基地站4及遠端站6的—範例方塊圖是 在圖2中頰示。在順向連結上的資料傳輸是起源於資料源 20 ’其會將資料提供給編碼器22。編碼器22的一範例方塊 圖是在圖3中顯示。在編碼器22中,CRC編碼器62方塊會使 用CRC多項式來編碼資料,其在範例的具體實施例中,符 合於在IS-95-A標準中所描述的CRc產生器。CRC編碼器62 會附加CRC位元,並將—組碼的尾端位元插入資料。格式 化的資料是提供給捲積編碼器64,其會捲積編碼資料,並 將編碼過的資料提供給符號重覆器66。符號重覆器66會重 複每一符號Ns數次,以便在符號重覆器66的輸出上維持一 固定的符號率。所重複的符號會提供给字組交錯器68。字 组父錯器68會重新排列符號,並將交錯的資料提供給調變 器(MOD) 24。 在凋變器24中,所插入的資料是由使用長pN碼的乘法器 72所擴展,其會攪亂資料,所以只能由接收的遠端站6所接 收。長PN擴展資料是經由Μυχ 74而做多工處理,並提供給 乘法器76,其涵盍具有相對於指定給遠端站6的通話頻道之 Walsh碼的資料。Walsh所涵蓋的資料還分別藉由乘法器78a 和78b而擴展短PNI和PNQ碼。短PN擴展資料是提供給發射 器(TMTR) 26(可參考圖2 ),其濾波、調變、轉換及放大 __ - 19- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家橾準(CNS ) 批衣 κ 訂 .----線 (請先閱讀免而之注念事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、發明説明(17 ) #號°所調變的信號會經過雙工器28,並經由信號路握10 而在順向連結上從天線30傳輸。雙工器28無法使用在某些 基地站。 MUX 74疋用來將反向連結控制位元插入資料流内。功率 控制位凡是一位元的訊息,其會命令遠端站6來增加或減 少反向連結傳輸功率。在範例的具體實施例中,一功率控 制位元會以每1.25毫秒的功率控制組而進入資料流。反向 連結功率控制位元的持續時間會預定,並能決定在由系统 使用的設定速率。反向連結功率控制位元的位置會插入, 矣是由來自長PN產生器70的長PN序列所決定。MUX 74的 输出包括資料位元和反向連結控制位元功率。 請即參考圖2,在遠端站6上,順向連結信號是由天線 102所接收,其是經由雙工器1〇4,並提供給接收器(rcvr) 106。接收器1〇6會濾波、放大、解調變、及量化信號,以 獲得數字化I和Q基頻帶信號。基頻帶信號會提供給解調器 (DEMOD) 108。解調器1〇8並不會使用短pni和PNQ碼來擴展 基頻帶信號’不涵蓋相同使用在基地站4之Walsh碼的未擴 展資料,未擴展具長PN碼之Walsh所未涵蓋的資料,並將 解調變過的資料提供給解碼器11 〇。 經濟部中央標準局—工消費合作社印製 ---------装-- (請先閱讀f.面之注倉事項再填寫本頁) 線 在圖5中所顯示的解碼器11〇中’在解交錯器18〇的方塊會 重新排列解調變過的資料符號,並提供未交錯的資料給提 供Viterbi解碼器182。Viterbi解碼器182會解碼捲積编碼資 料,並將解碼過的資料提供給CRC檢查元件184。CRC檢查 元件184係執行CRC檢查’並將檢查過的提供給資料接收端 -20- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣準(CNS〉Λ4規栳(2丨0X297公f ) A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員4消費合作社印製 五、發明説明p 112。 2 .功率控制的測量位元 一範例方塊圖係描述用以測量在圖中 ,^ , 固〒4所顯不之反向連結 ^率制位兀能量的電路。來自接收器咖的數字化工㈣ 基頻帶信號會提供給-㈣關器l6GaJU6Qm(此後簡稱爲 160)。每個相關器160能指定爲來自相同基地站4的一不同 信號路徑或來自一不同基地站4的一不同傳輸。在每一所 指定的相關器16〇中,基頻帶信號並不會藉由乘法器162而 與短ΡΝΙ和PNQ碼展開。在每一-相關器16〇中的短ρΝΐ和pNQ 碼能根據來自信號傳輸之基地站4而具有唯一的補償,且 符合於相關器160解調變信號之所經歷的傳播延遲。短pN 非擴展資料是由具有Walsh碼的乘法器164而不涵蓋,而此 Walsh碼係指定给由相關器16〇所要接收的通話頻道。非涵 蛊資料是提供給滤波器168 ’其會在一符號時間上累積非涵 蓋資料的能量。來自滤波器的濾、波資料丨68包括資料及功率 控制位元。 來自乘法器之短PN非擴展資料162也包括導頻信號。在基 地站4上,導頻信號是涵蓋在符合Walsh碼0之所有零序 列。因此,沒有Walsh非涵蓋處理必須獲得該導頻信號。短 PN非擴展資料是提供給濾波器166,其會執行非擴展資料 的低通濾波,以便從將信號從其它正交頻道(例如通話頻 道、行動頻道、及存取頻道)移除信號,而這些正交頻道是 藉由基地站4而在順向上傳輸。 兩合成信號(或向量)係符合於濾波之導頻信號及濾波資 -21 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規祐(2l〇X 297公釐) ---------裝--<--Η--訂·------線 (請先閱讀#-面之注倉事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 五、發明説明(19Please read the memorandum. Attention · Matters need to be filled in again. 裳 I I order I I line printed by the Central Bureau of the Ministry of Economy, printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives A7 A7 B7 V. Invention description (14 will operate normally. Punishment L, The trunk reverse link power control bit is at a low transmission power level—11. In addition, the power control bit can be transmitted from many base stations in the communication system. The amplitude of the power control bit is more accurately measured It is obtained by concatenating = 2 control bits, and adjusting the amplitude of the control bit according to the phase and amplitude of the pilot signal. The filtered amplitude of the power control bit is used for transmission of the two ground stations: Power, so that the quality of the forward link ~ 仏 received at the remote station is maintained at the required level. The 眞 direction link power. Rate control structure operates two power control loops. The first power = system The closed loop of the loop adjusts the transmission power of the base station so that the reverse link power control bit received by the S-end station has the amplitude quality of the target wave at the target energy level. In most cases, the target energy level ^ is The FER of the forward call channel is determined. The end station will ask the base station to adjust the forward link transmission power by transmitting the forward link power control bit on the reverse link. Each forward link power control bit will cause the base station to increase or decrease relative to The increase of the call channel. The second power control loop of the external circuit is a structure for the remote station to adjust the target energy level, so as to maintain the required FER. In order to improve the effectiveness of the forward link power control structure, such as in the channel The "Slow Decay" closed loop is designed to operate at high speed. In the example embodiment, the "reverse link power control bit from the quality measurement of the forward link signal is transmitted at 800 bps" and the forward link power The control bit is also transmitted at 800 bps on the reverse talk channel. Therefore, the transmission power of the base station can be adjusted up to _ times per second. However, because the forward power control is -17- m-equipment-^- /-Order ------- line (please read the notes on the back ® * before filling in {I? Page). The paper standard printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) A4 Regulations (210X297) A7 A7 Printed by the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 18- V. Description of the Invention (15) Bits are transmitted with uncoded and minimal energy. Some forward power control bits cannot be successfully received at the base station. A base station can be selected to ignore any forward power control bits that are not completely reliable. In the exemplary embodiment, the second forward link power control loop of the outer loop will use the data frame once or every second. Update the target energy level once every 50 times. The outer loop will set the target energy level that will cause the desired FER efficiency. When the transmission environment has not changed, the outer loop should quickly determine the appropriate target energy level. , And keep the target on level. When there is a change in channel characteristics (for example, an increased interference level, a speed change of a mobile user, or the appearance or disappearance of a signal path), different target energy levels may be required. Continuous operation in the same FEl. Therefore, the outer loop should quickly move the target to a new level to adapt to the new conditions. 1. Circuit description Please refer to each figure, which shows a communication system included in a specific embodiment of the present invention, which is composed of many base stations 4 and many remote stations 6 (only one remote station is shown for simplicity). End station 6). The system controller 2 is connected to all base stations 4 and the public switched telephone network (PSTN) 8 in the communication system. The system controller 2 communicates between the user connected to the PSTN 8 and the user on the remote station 6. The data transmission from the base station 4 to the remote station 6 will occur on the forward link via the signal path 10. The transmission from the remote station stone to the base station 4 will occur on the reverse link via the signal path 12. The No. path can be a straight path such as the signal path 10a, or a reflection path that reflects the path 14. When the signal transmitted from the base station 4a reflects the private paper scale, suitable for financial and household materials (CNS) A side M 210 ^ 97 公 楚 --------- ^ ------- ir ^ ------ Μ (Please read the note t- on the back before filling in this page) Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Employee Consumer Cooperative Co., Ltd. A7 __________B7 V. Description of the Invention (16) '~ _ ~~ When the reflection source 16 is off, the reflection path 14 will be generated and reach the remote station 6 through a line different from the visual path line. Although, as shown by the block in Fig. 丨, the reflection source 16 is a result artificially produced in the environment, its remote station 6 is operating, such as a building or other structure. An exemplary block diagram of the base station 4 and the remote station 6 expressed by the present invention is shown in FIG. 2 on the cheek. The data transmission on the forward link originates from the data source 20 'which provides the data to the encoder 22. An example block diagram of the encoder 22 is shown in FIG. In the encoder 22, the CRC encoder 62 block uses a CRC polynomial to encode data, which in an exemplary embodiment conforms to the CRc generator described in the IS-95-A standard. The CRC encoder 62 appends CRC bits and inserts the tail bits of the group code into the data. The formatted data is provided to a convolutional encoder 64, which convolves the encoded data and supplies the encoded data to a symbol repeater 66. The symbol repeater 66 repeats each symbol Ns several times in order to maintain a fixed symbol rate on the output of the symbol repeater 66. The repeated symbols are provided to the block interleaver 68. The block parent error generator 68 rearranges the symbols and provides the interleaved data to the modulator (MOD) 24. In the attenuator 24, the inserted data is expanded by a multiplier 72 using a long pN code, which disturbs the data, so it can only be received by the receiving remote station 6. The long PN extension data is multiplexed via MU 74 and provided to the multiplier 76, which contains data having a Walsh code relative to the call channel assigned to the remote station 6. The data covered by Walsh also extends the short PNI and PNQ codes by multipliers 78a and 78b, respectively. The short PN extension data is provided to the transmitter (TMTR) 26 (refer to Figure 2), and its filtering, modulation, conversion and amplification __-19- This paper size is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) approval .---- Wire (please read the notes before you fill out this page) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (17) # The signal modulated by ## will pass through the duplexer 28 and pass through the signal path. 10 and transmitted from the antenna 30 on the forward link. The duplexer 28 cannot be used at some base stations. MUX 74 疋 is used to insert backlink control bits into the data stream. The power control bit is a one-bit message that commands the remote station 6 to increase or decrease the reverse link transmission power. In the exemplary embodiment, a power control bit enters the data stream with a power control group every 1.25 milliseconds. The duration of the reverse link power control bit is predetermined and determines the set rate used by the system. The position of the reverse link power control bit is inserted, 矣 is determined by the long PN sequence from the long PN generator 70. The output of MUX 74 includes data bits and reverse link control bit power. Please refer to FIG. 2. At the remote station 6, the forward link signal is received by the antenna 102, which is provided to the receiver (rcvr) 106 via the duplexer 104. The receiver 106 filters, amplifies, demodulates, and quantizes the signal to obtain digital I and Q baseband signals. The baseband signal is provided to a demodulator (DEMOD) 108. The demodulator 108 does not use short pni and PNQ codes to extend the baseband signal. 'It does not cover unspread data of the same Walsh code used at base station 4. It does not spread data not covered by Walsh with long PN code. And provide the demodulated data to the decoder 11 〇. Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs—Consumer and Cooperative Cooperatives —-------- Installation— (Please read the F. face note on the warehouse before filling out this page) Decoder 11 shown in Figure 5 The square in the '0' in the deinterleaver 18 will rearrange the demodulated data symbols and provide the non-interleaved data to the Viterbi decoder 182. The Viterbi decoder 182 decodes the convolutional coded data and supplies the decoded data to the CRC check element 184. CRC check element 184 is to perform CRC check and provide the checked data to the receiving end. -20- This paper size applies to China National Standards (CNS> Λ4 Regulations (2 丨 0X297 male f) A7 B7 Member of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative 5. Inventive note p 112. 2. Measurement bits for power control An example block diagram is used to measure the reverse link ^ rate control shown in the figure. Circuit of energy. The digital chemical baseband signal from the receiver will be provided to the -gate 16GaJU6Qm (hereafter referred to as 160). Each correlator 160 can be designated as a different signal path from the same base station 4 or from A different transmission from a different base station 4. In each specified correlator 16o, the baseband signal is not expanded with the short PNI and PNQ codes by the multiplier 162. At each -correlator 16o The short ρΝΐ and pNQ codes in the can have unique compensation according to the base station 4 from the signal transmission, and are consistent with the propagation delay experienced by the correlator 160 to demodulate the signal. The short pN non-spread data is composed of the Walsh code. Multiplier 164 does not cover This Walsh code is assigned to the call channel to be received by the correlator 160. The non-contained data is provided to the filter 168 'which accumulates the energy of the non-covered data in a symbol time. Wave data 68 includes data and power control bits. The short PN non-extended data 162 from the multiplier also includes the pilot signal. At base station 4, the pilot signal is covered by all zero sequences that conform to Walsh code 0. Therefore The pilot signal must be obtained without Walsh non-covered processing. The short PN non-expanded data is provided to the filter 166, which performs low-pass filtering of the non-expanded data to remove the signal from other orthogonal channels (such as call channels, Mobile channel, and access channel) to remove signals, and these orthogonal channels are transmitted in the forward direction by the base station 4. The two composite signals (or vectors) are filtered pilot signals and filtered data. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 (2l0X 297mm) --------- Installation-<-Η--Order · ------ Line ( (Please read # -Position of Positioning before filling out this page) A7 B7 Five 、 Explanation of invention (19
請 閱 讀 背. 面 意. 事 項 再 填 I裝 頁I 料,而功率控制位元是提供給點乘積電路17〇,其會以在技 藝中已知的方法計算在兩向量的點乘積。點乘積電路⑺的 範例具體實施例已在美國專利文號5 506 865,標題 CARRIER DOT PRODUCT CIRCUIT”中詳細地描述,其是指 1 丁 定爲本發明的專利,而在此列出供參考。點乘積電路i7〇係 將符合於濾波資料的向量投射至符合於濾波導頻信號之向 量,乘上向量振幅,及提供—符號比例輸出s乂㈠給解多工 器(DEMUX) I72。符號Sj⑽是用來指出在jth符號期間來自第 m個相關器160m的輸出。遠端站6具有目前資料框第j符號 期間是否相對於一資料位元或一反向連結功率控制位先的 知識。因此DEMUX 172會將相關器輪出的向量铲(4(1), Sj(2),...,Si(M))導至資料组合器174或功率控制處理器12〇。資 料组合器174會加總其向量輸入,使用長pN碼非擴展資 料’及產生在圖5中所顯示之解碼器110的解調變資料。 線Please read the description, the description, the event and refill the page, and the power control bit is provided to the dot product circuit 17, which will calculate the dot product of the two vectors in a method known in the art. An exemplary specific embodiment of the dot product circuit ⑺ has been described in detail in US Patent No. 5 506 865, title CARRIER DOT PRODUCT CIRCUIT, which refers to 1 Ding Ding as the patent of the present invention, which is listed here for reference. The dot product circuit i7〇 projects a vector conforming to the filtered data onto a vector conforming to the filtered pilot signal, multiplies the vector amplitude, and provides -symbol proportional output s 乂 ㈠ to the demultiplexer (DEMUX) I72. The symbol Sj⑽ It is used to indicate the output from the m-th correlator 160m during the jth symbol. The remote station 6 has knowledge of whether the j-symbol of the current data frame is relative to a data bit or a reverse link power control bit. Therefore DEMUX 172 will direct the vector shovel (4 (1), Sj (2), ..., Si (M)) rotated by the correlator to the data combiner 174 or the power control processor 12. The data combiner 174 will Sum their vector inputs, use long pN code non-spreading data 'and generate demodulation data for decoder 110 shown in Figure 5. Line
經濟部中决標準局Μ工消於合作社印W 反向連結控制功率位元是由功率控制處理器12〇所處理, 如在圖6中的詳細顯示。位元累積器ι9〇會在一功率控制位 元之持續時間上累積一或多個符號Sj(m),以形成反向連結 功率控制位元b/m)。符號Wm)是用來指出在第i功率控制組 期間係符合於第m個相關器16〇111之反向連結控制功率位 兀。功率控制位元之向量bi(2),.,bi(M))是送至相同 的位元累積器192。 在TIA/EIA/IS-95-A標準中’當超過一基地站4與相同的遠 端站6通訊的時候’基地站4能配置成傳輸相同或不相同的 反向連結功率控制位元。當它們實際位在相同位置上的時 22 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS〉Λ4規格(2Ι〇Χ297公釐) B7 五、發明説明(2〇 ) 基地站4典型上是配置來傳送相同的功率控制位元 L例如當它們是-單元之不同向量。非傳送相同功率控 制位兀値的基地站4在典型上係實際位在不同的位置1 =標準藉由基地站4也指定—構造,其係配置成傳送相同 功率控制位兀’而此標準會由遠端站6所確認。此外, 當遠端站6經由許多傳送路徑而接收單—基地站之傳輸的 時,,在這些路徑上所接收之反向連結功率控制位元本質 上疋相同。相同位凡累積器192會組合已知爲相等之反向連 結功率控制位7Lb,(m)e位元累積器192的輸出如此會是反向 連結功率控制位it的-向量㈣i⑴,bi⑺,b](p)),符合於 p獨立之反向連結功率控制位元流。 付號位元向量sgn(BI(p))是傳送至反向連結功率控制邏輯 194。IS-95-A標準係指出其如果任何一符號是負値,遠端站 6會減少其傳輸功率位準。如果所有的符號位元sgn(B^))是 正値,遠端站6會增加其傳輸功率位準。反向連結功率栌 制邏輯i 94會處理如在IS_95_A所指定之符號位元sgn(Bi(p)): 量。反向連結功率控制邏輯194的輸出是單一位元,其指出 您端站6是否應增加或減少其用以閉迴路反向連結功率控 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 制之目的的傳輸增益。此位元是提供給發射器136(可參^ 圖2),其因此可調整增益。 反向連結功率控制位元的振幅,而不是它們的極性(例如 正或負符號),是指出由遠端站6所測量的信號品質。非相 同位70累積器196因此會移除所調變的資料,並在反向連結 功率控制位τα |&(ρ)|之絕對値上操作,其會根據下列公組 ____ -23- 本紙張尺度關巾關家鮮(cns 五 、發明説明(21 合 xt :培物f, A7 B7 ⑴ 經濟部中夹標準局貝工消費合作社印" f中,因素"系指定非線性的順序,而?是獨立之反向連 :力率制位疋流數目。在範例的具體實施例中,㈣係 =合於功率控制位元流之振幅絕對値的-測量,而心2係 二合於功率控制位元之能量測量。々的其它俊能使用,決 ::系統設計’而不會達背本發明的範圍。非相同位元累 、'^、96的輸出疋俊Xi ’其係指出在第土個功率控制组期間的 反向連結功率控制子頻道之所接收的每位元能量。 反向連.,Ό功率控制位元並非編碼,而因此尤其是受干擾 而引起的易受影響之錯誤。閉迴路反向連結功率的快速反 應時間會減少在反向連結功率控制效率上的這類錯誤的影 響’既然遠端站6之傳輸增益的這些錯誤調整能在隨後的 功率控制组中補償。然而,既然功率控制位元的振幅是當 作順向連結信號品質的—指示使用,滤波器198是用來提供 功率控制位元之振幅的—可靠測量。 滤波器198能使用在技藝中已知的其中一設計而實現,例 如-類比濾、波器或-數位㈣波器。例如,遽波器198能製作成一有限脈衝響應(FIR)濾波器或一無限脈衝響庳(iir)濾 波器。使用-HR爐波器製作,所濾波的功率控制位元能依 下列公式記算: (2). 請it 閱 讀 背 面* 之 注 意* 事 項 再 会 裝 訂 24- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Μ規枱(ϋ^ 297公楚_ 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印^ A7 ___ B7 ~ 1 ~ ~ — - — _ 五、發明説明(22 ) 其中,Xi是在第i個功率控制组期間由非相同位元累積器196 所計算的功率控制位元振幅,aj是第j濾波器抽頭的係數, 而y〗疋來自攄波器198的功率控制位元振幅。既然延遲會認 爲減少’所以F1R滤波器抽頭的係數能選取,以致於fir淚 波器的係數疋具較小指標(例如a〇 > a! > a2 >.··)的那些。 在此範例具體實施例中所描述,爲了要很快地執行順向 連結功率控制而由遠端站6所執行的處理已描述·,其係共 享由在遠端站6中其它子系統所使用的各種不同元件。例 如,相關器160a是與資料解調變子系統共享,而累積器19〇 和192是與反向連結功率控制子系統供享。本發明的實行並 非決定在遠端站6之另一子系統的任何特殊製作。很明顯 地,在技藝中熟諳此技術之製作以執行順向功率控制處理 已在此描述製作,而因此不達背本發明的範圍。 3 ·順向連結功率控制外迴路 來自濾波器198之反向連結功率控制位元的濾波振幅%是 指出在遠端站6上所接收的順向連結信號品質。臨界比較 電路202會將濾波振幅yi與一目標能量位準z做比較。在範 例的具體實施例中,如果yi超過z,遠端站6會在順向連結 功率控制子頻道上傳送零(,〇’)位元,以指出將—順向通話 頻道傳送至遠端站6的每一基地站4應減少通話頻道的增 益。相反地,如果yi小於z,遠端站6會在其順向連結功率 控制上傳送1 (’Γ)位元,以指出每—基地站4應在順向通語 頻道上増加増益。這些零⑼⑴及^^是順向連結功率控制 位元値。 -25- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS } A4規核(210X 297公幻 (諳先閱讀背面之注t.事項再填寫本頁) .装.The Ministry of Economic Affairs Standards Bureau has eliminated the power of the cooperative association. The reverse link control power bit is processed by the power control processor 120, as shown in detail in FIG. The bit accumulator i90 will accumulate one or more symbols Sj (m) over the duration of a power control bit to form a reverse link power control bit (b / m). The symbol Wm) is used to indicate that the reverse link control power bit conforming to the m-th correlator 16111 during the i-th power control group. The vectors bi (2),., Bi (M)) of the power control bits are sent to the same bit accumulator 192. In the TIA / EIA / IS-95-A standard, 'When more than one base station 4 communicates with the same remote station 6,' the base station 4 can be configured to transmit the same or different reverse link power control bits. When they are actually in the same position, 22 paper sizes are applicable to Chinese national standards (CNS> Λ4 specification (2 10 × 297 mm) B7 V. Description of the invention (2) The base station 4 is typically configured to transmit the same The power control bits L are, for example, when they are different vectors of a unit. The base stations 4 that do not transmit the same power control bits are typically located at different positions. 1 = Standard is also specified by the base station 4-structure, It is configured to transmit the same power control bit, and this standard will be confirmed by the remote station 6. In addition, when the remote station 6 receives a single-base station transmission through many transmission paths, on these paths The received reverse link power control bits are essentially the same. The same bit where the accumulator 192 combines the reverse link power control bits 7Lb known to be equal, the output of the (m) e bit accumulator 192 would be The vector of the reverse link power control bit it (㈣i⑴, bi⑺, b] (p)) corresponds to the p-independent reverse link power control bit stream. The sign bit vector sgn (BI (p)) is passed to the reverse link power control logic 194. The IS-95-A standard states that if any symbol is negative, the remote station 6 will reduce its transmission power level. If all the sign bits sgn (B ^)) are positive, the remote station 6 will increase its transmission power level. The reverse link power control logic i 94 will process the sign bit sgn (Bi (p)): as specified in IS_95_A. The output of the reverse link power control logic 194 is a single bit, which indicates whether your end station 6 should be increased or decreased for the purpose of closed loop reverse link power control. Transmission gain. This bit is provided to the transmitter 136 (see Figure 2), which can adjust the gain accordingly. The amplitude of the reverse link power control bits, rather than their polarity (e.g. positive or negative sign), indicates the signal quality measured by the remote station 6. The non-identical bit 70 accumulator 196 will therefore remove the modulated data and operate on the absolute link of the reverse link power control bit τα | & (ρ) |, which will be based on the following public group ____ -23- This paper scales Guan Jiaxuan (cns V. Description of invention (21 go xt: culture f, A7 B7 印 printed by the Bureau of Standards and Industry Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives, "f, factors" are specified non-linear Sequence, and? Is independent of the reverse connection: the number of force-rate controlled flow. In the exemplary embodiment, the system is equal to the measurement of the absolute amplitude of the power control bit-stream, and the core is 2 It is suitable for the energy measurement of the power control bit. Others can be used, and the system can not be used: it will not reach the scope of the present invention. It is not the same bit, and the output of '^, 96' is different. It refers to the energy per bit received in the reverse link power control sub-channel during the first power control group. In the reverse link, the power control bits are not coded, and are therefore particularly vulnerable to interference. Affected errors. The fast response time of closed loop reverse link power will be reduced in The effect of this type of error on the power control efficiency of the link 'Since these error adjustments of the transmission gain of the remote station 6 can be compensated in the subsequent power control group. However, since the amplitude of the power control bit is treated as a forward link Signal quality—indicating use, the filter 198 is used to provide a reliable measurement of the amplitude of the power control bits. The filter 198 can be implemented using one of the designs known in the art, such as an analog filter, wave filter, -Digital chirp. For example, chirp 198 can be made as a finite impulse response (FIR) filter or an infinite impulse iir filter. Manufactured using -HR furnace wave filter, the power control bit is filtered It can be calculated according to the following formula: (2). Please read the note on the back * to see how it will be bound 24- This paper size is applicable to Chinese National Standards (CNS) M Regulations (ϋ ^ 297 公 楚 _ Staff of Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs Consumption cooperative seal ^ A7 ___ B7 ~ 1 ~ ~ —-— _ 5. Description of the invention (22) where Xi is the power control bit calculated by the non-identical bit accumulator 196 during the i-th power control group Amplitude, aj is the coefficient of the j-th filter tap, and y is the amplitude of the power control bit from the wave filter 198. Since the delay will be considered to be reduced, so the coefficient of the F1R filter tap can be selected so that fir tear waves The coefficients of the controller have smaller indexes (such as a0 > a! ≫ a2 > ....). As described in this exemplary embodiment, in order to quickly perform forward link power control, The processing performed by the remote station 6 has been described. It shares the various elements used by other subsystems in the remote station 6. For example, the correlator 160a is shared with the data demodulation subsystem, and the accumulators 19 and 192 are shared with the reverse link power control subsystem. The practice of the present invention does not determine any special fabrication of another subsystem in the remote station 6. Obviously, the production of this technique is well known in the art to perform forward power control processing. The production has been described here, and therefore does not depart from the scope of the present invention. 3 · Forward link power control outer loop The filter amplitude% of the reverse link power control bit from the filter 198 indicates the quality of the forward link signal received at the remote station 6. The critical comparison circuit 202 compares the filtered amplitude yi with a target energy level z. In the exemplary embodiment, if yi exceeds z, the remote station 6 transmits zero (, 0 ') bits on the forward link power control sub-channel to indicate that the -forward call channel is transmitted to the remote station. Each base station 4 of 6 should reduce the gain of the talk channel. Conversely, if yi is less than z, the remote station 6 will transmit 1 ('Γ) bits on its forward link power control to indicate that every base station 4 should benefit from the forward channel. These zeros and ^^ are forward link power control bits 値. -25- This paper size is subject to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 (210X 297 Public Magic (谙 Please read the note t. On the back before filling this page).
*1T 線 五、發明説明(23 ) A7 B7 經濟部中央梯準局員工消費合作衽印掣 雖然本發明疋在每一功率控制組的一順向連結功率控制 位7L疋本文中描述,本發明適合於高解析度的更多位元使 用。例如,臨界比較電路2〇2能夠量化在反向連結功率控制 位元的濾波的振幅yi及許多位準之目標能量値z之間的不 同。例如,在順向連結功率控制子頻道上的兩位元訊息能 用來指出(yi- Z)量的四個位準中的一個。另一方式,遠端 站6能在順向連結功率控制子頻道上傳輸濾波振幅%値。 基地站4並不必要在每—功率控制組上調整其傳輸功率。 由於反向連結功率控制位元的低能量位準’遠端站6會接 收錯誤位元或較大的衰減,由於來自其他使用者的雜訊和 干擾。濾波器198能改良測量的精確性,但是不完全能減少 =誤。在範例的具體實施例中,如果決定出測量是不可 靠,遠端站6能省略基地站4的一順向連結傳功率控制位元 的傳輸。例如,遠端站6能將濾波振幅%與一額定能量値做 比較。如果於額定能量値,遠端站6便會忽略此功率控 制組的yji,並因此會通知基地站4 (例如,藉由並非將— 丨貝向連‘功率制位元傳輸至基地站4,或藉由使用來自 -組順向連結功率控制値中的—⑯,以指出低接收能量)。 此外,順向連結功率控制位元也以低能量位準傳輸。因 匕基地站4也犯將所測量的順向連結功率控制位元與其 本身額定錢量値做比較,而不是座落在額定能量値^ 的位元。 在範例的具體實施例中,遠端站6會做絕對的決定,基於 RC檢且元件194的輸出及其它諸如Yamam〇t〇矩陣及重新編 &紙張尺, 26- (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝. 、-=*0 線 A7 B7 五 、發明説明(24 ) Ζ* ⑶ 經濟·邱中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 馬符號錯⑨數目的其它資料框品質矩陣,對於資料框是否 ^地解碼。此決定已摘錄在錯誤指示器位以㈣),其會 设定成’1’ ’以指出—資料框錯誤,否則設定成,〇,。在下 列各項中,假設遠端站6是制—咖,冑了要決定所接收 的資料框是錯誤。在較佳具體實施例中,用於控制順向連 結控制之外迴路是與在反向連結上實際所傳輸的是相 同然而,控制外迴路之特殊目的的4收資料框有效性的 獨互決定也能產生,而且不會違背本發明的範圍。 •在範例的具體實施例中,外迴路是每資料框更新一次, 或每16功率控制组更新一次。外迴路是在遠端站6中更新目 標能量位準z。此種構造是由在圖6中顯示的臨界調整電路 200所執行。當每—資料框解碼的時候,£IB形式的資料框 印質貪訊ei會提供給如在圖6中顯示的臨界調整電路2〇〇。 臨界調整電路200會更新目標能量位準z的値,並使新的邑 標能量位準能用於臨界比較電路2〇2。 在第一具體實施例中,臨界調整電路2〇〇會根據方程式而 更新電路z値: =|"之*-1 + y 4-1=1 ----------- 1λ·丨-谷 4_丨=0, 其中,Zk是在第k資料框上的目標能量位準,ek i是在第(k_ 1)個資料框上的資料框錯誤,r是要應用於目標能量位準 的一向上步驟大小,而§是要應用於目標能量位準的—向 下大小。在範例的具體實施例中,如果第(kd)個資料框的 一資料框錯誤存在,ek〗會設定成!,否則爲〇。厂和s的値 -27 表紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(2丨0X297公釐 ·- ---------抑衣--^--/--1T----ί--.^ (諳先閲讀背•面之注办事項再填寫本頁) (之“丨〜占(¾-丨) ekl = 〇 發明説明(25 會選取,以提供FE]^〇_想要的位 =値。此選擇一-類似心:案 框錯誤發生的時候,以實質上會 框錯誤的機率。當沒有資料框錯誤的時候資料 減’以減少傳輸功。在範㈣《實衰 - 貝爲早位,雖然這些變數的—線性比例也能使用。 :二具體實施例中,該逐步變化的能產生 準一功能,所以Zk的改正是決定在目前之目 ^因此’方程式(3)龙修改成如下列所示: —1 e*-i 一1 ⑷ 在範例的具體實施例中,遠端站6會在連續資料框的中間 期間來完成資料框的解調變,並更新目標能量位準〜。如 f第⑹)個資料框是接收錯誤,第_資料框的一資料框錯 0機率疋較大。這疋因爲目標能量位準的任何調整並不具 有立即影響FER效率,直到系統已有足夠時間來產生—轉 變成新操作點。因此,兩連續資料框錯誤的第二個應不會 解澤爲指出目標能量位準値的效率,其只是更新第一資料 框錯誤的結果。 _ 在較佳具體實施例中,在第—資料框錯誤之後,基地站4 會整個增加通話頻道增益,然後,如果發生在下列的資料 框,便會忽略第二資料框錯誤。將此觀念應用於上述的第 二具體實施例中’其方程式(幻會變成: _______________** 28 - 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標導(CNS〉Α4現格(210Χ 297公浼〉 裝 f----訂-------線 (請先聞讀背-面之注意事項再填荇本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裂 五、發明説明(26 ) 2*; V, ek., = l,e^2 ek-i = Ut_2 ek-\ — 〇 A7 B7 (5) 鯉濟部中央棣準局員H消費合作社印掣 在範例的具體實施例中,外迴路功率控制構造會在所有 的遠端站6上標準化,以確保所有遠端站6的—致性。在一 呼叫的啓動階段期間,r和§値能藉由基地站4而傳送至每 一遠端站6 ^在呼叫的前進路線期間,這些參數的新値也 能由基地站4所指定。 在符合於IS-95-A標準的一通-訊系統中,當遠端站6進入 軟交遞的時候,順向通話頻道的增益典型上會減少。此做 法並不會降低FER效率,既然來自基地站4而在遠端站6上 所接收的資料位元會組合,而在解碼之前會產生一較大的 混合信號。然而’在遠端站6中的反向連結功率控制迴路 並不會组合來自不同的基地站4所接收的反向連結功率控 制位元,既然這些位元是獨立的。在順向通話頻道上的增 益減少能夠増加在順向通話頻道上所傳輸的功率控制位元 流的位元率’而因此降低反向連結功率控制構造。若要改 變此情況’當遠端站6進入軟交遞的時候,功率控制位元 的增益典型上會推進。此造成反向連結功率控制位元的增 益會略微高於每當遠端站6是在軟交遞時候的資料增益位 元0 在具體實施例中,來自不同基地站4的功率控制位元之絕 對値是根據方程式(2 )组合。因此,功率控制位元的増益推 進會造成大於相對資料位元的刃値。造成遠端站6要求—不 -29 (諳先閲讀#.面之注意事項再填蹲本頁) •裝· 、tr 木紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4«;fe ί ??Π V \ -- . 五、發明説明(27 ) 適當的較大yi値會降低來自基地站4的傳輸功率,其能造成 在順向通話頻道上的—或多個資料框錯誤。在此情況,由 外迴路所設定的目標能量値z會自動地增加。在瞬間之後, 外迴路然後會將目標能量値z調整爲新的額定値。若要擊極 力獲得這些效果’在與目標能量位準z比較之前,%能依比 例決定。另一方式,當遠端站6進入軟交遞的時候,目標 能量位準Z會略微地増加。這能夠減少這些錯誤的機率。 在具體實施例中、濾波振幅%與目標能量位準Z的比較是 在功率控制處理器120(可參考圖2 )中執行。此外,根據方 程式(3 )、( 4 )、或(5 )的目標能量位準更新也同樣是在功 率控制處理器120中執行。控制器處理器12〇能在微控制 芬、微處理機、數位彳&號處理(DSP)晶片、或執行在此户斤 描述功能的一 ASIC程式規化中實現。 4 .順向連結功率控制位元的傳輸 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印裝 順向連結功率控制位元能藉由其中之一方法而傳送至基 地站4。在範例的具體實施例中,每一遠端站6在反向連結 上具有一順向連結功率控制頻道,其是專注於順向連結功 率控制位元的傳輸。在另一具體實施例中,其中所專注的 功率控制頻道是不可使用,順向連結功率控制位元能以類 似於在順向通話頻道上執行而插入或混合在反向連結資料 位元流上。 在範例的具體實施例中,順向連結功率控制位元會在專 注的順向連結功率控制頻道上傳送至基地站4。用以提供 一專注順向連結功率控制頻道的一方法及裝置已在上述之 -30- 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) A4規格(210x 297公釐) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 --- ----B7 五、發明説明(28 ) ~ ~~"—一- 美國專利申請文號08/654,443中已有詳細描述。順向和反向 連結功率控制位元的傳輸時序圖是在圖7中顯示。在每一 功率控制群组中,由在時基線上的重斜條所描繪的每一功 率控制组是在順向通話頻道上傳輸,如在圖7的頂圖所描 述。在範例的具體實施例中,—反向連結功率控制位元會 以每1.25毫秒的功率控制组傳輸,而每一反向連結功率^ 制位元是速率設定在i的兩符號爲持續時間。此外,每一 反向連結功率控制位元能從16個位置當中的一個開始,其 係決定在長PN序列。 - -遠端站6會處理反向連結功率控制位元,並在反向功率控 制頻道上將-順向連結功率控制位元當作是一脈衝而傳^ 至基地站4。在範例的具體實施例中,脈衝是以正極性傳 达’以指出具値零(’〇’)的一順向連結功率與控制位元,及 具負極性以指出値一π,)。脈衝的時序和持續時間是設計 參數’其是在下面的具體實施例中描述。這些參數的其 選擇能加以考慮,而且並不違背本發明的範園。 ' 在第具ω貫施例中,順向連結功率控制位元是當作長 1.2?秒的脈衝而傳輸’在順向通話頻道上的最後可能(亦 即第16個)功率控制位兀位置之後毫秒開始。此 結構加中央圖已描述’其中,參數Κ是設定成 〇.625尾秒。G.625毫秒的-延遲能允許遠端站6的某些時間 非^曲在最壞情況中的順向連結信號路徑。在組合之前, 非f曲處^會適#地排列來自不同信號路徑的信號,並確 保來自先W功率控制组的反向連結功率控制位元是由觸向 -31 - 本紙張尺度· f關家 請 閲 讀 背- 1¾ 之 注* 1T Line V. Description of the invention (23) A7 B7 The consumption cooperation of employees of the Central Ladder Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People's Republic of China. Although the present invention is connected to the power control bit 7L in the forward direction of each power control group, as described herein, the present invention Suitable for more bits of high resolution. For example, the critical comparison circuit 202 can quantify the difference between the filtered amplitude yi of the reverse link power control bit and the target energy 値 z at many levels. For example, a two-bit message on the forward link power control subchannel can be used to indicate one of the four levels of the (yi-Z) amount. Alternatively, the remote station 6 can transmit the filtering amplitude% 値 on the forward link power control subchannel. The base station 4 does not have to adjust its transmission power on a per-power control group. Due to the low energy level of the reverse link power control bit, the remote station 6 will receive wrong bits or greater attenuation due to noise and interference from other users. The filter 198 improves the accuracy of the measurement, but does not reduce the error completely. In the exemplary embodiment, if it is determined that the measurement is unreliable, the remote station 6 can omit a forward link power control bit transmission from the base station 4. For example, the remote station 6 can compare the filtered amplitude% to a rated energy chirp. If it is lower than the rated energy, the remote station 6 will ignore the yji of this power control group, and therefore will notify the base station 4 (for example, by not transmitting the ―Be Xianglian 'power system bit to the base station 4, Or by using -⑯ in the forward link power control (from the-group to indicate low received energy). In addition, forward link power control bits are also transmitted at low energy levels. Because the base station 4 also commits to compare the measured forward link power control bit with its own rated amount of money ,, rather than the bit located at the rated energy 値 ^. In the exemplary embodiment, the remote station 6 will make an absolute decision, based on the RC check and the output of the element 194 and other such as the Yamam0t〇 matrix and re-coded & paper rule, 26- (Please read the Note: Please fill in this page again.) -Install. 、-= * 0 Line A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (24) Z * ⑶ Other data frame quality matrix , Whether to decode the data frame. This decision has been excerpted from the error indicator (㈣), which will be set to ‘1’ ’to indicate—the data frame is wrong, otherwise it is set to 〇 ,. In the following items, it is assumed that the remote station 6 is a manufacturer-cafe, and it is necessary to decide that the received data frame is wrong. In the preferred embodiment, the external loop used to control the forward link control is the same as what is actually transmitted on the reverse link. However, the unique purpose of controlling the validity of the four data frames for the special purpose of controlling the external loop It can also occur without departing from the scope of the invention. • In the exemplary embodiment, the outer loop is updated every data frame or every 16 power control groups. The outer loop updates the target energy level z in the remote station 6. This configuration is performed by the critical adjustment circuit 200 shown in FIG. When each data frame is decoded, a data frame in the form of £ IB will be provided to the critical adjustment circuit 200 as shown in FIG. The threshold adjustment circuit 200 updates the target energy level z, and enables the new energy standard level to be used in the threshold comparison circuit 202. In the first specific embodiment, the critical adjustment circuit 2000 will update the circuit z 値 according to the equation: = | " of * -1 + y 4-1 = 1 ----------- 1λ · 丨 Valley 4_ 丨 = 0, where Zk is the target energy level on the kth data frame, ek i is the data frame error on the (k_ 1) th data frame, and r is the target to be applied The energy level is an upward step size, and § is applied to the target energy level—downward size. In the exemplary embodiment, if a data frame of the (kd) data frame exists by mistake, ek〗 will be set to! , Otherwise it is 0. The paper size of the 値 -27 sheet of the factory and s applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0X297 mm ·---------- Suppression of clothing-^-/-1T --- -ί-. ^ (谙 Read the notes on the back and the front before filling out this page) ("丨 ~ 占 (¾- 丨) ekl = 〇 Description of the invention (25 will be selected to provide FE) ^ 〇_ Desired bit = 此. This option one-similar to the heart: When the frame error occurs, the probability of frame error will be substantially reduced. When there is no data frame error, the data is reduced to reduce the transmission power. Decay-beak is early, although the linear ratio of these variables can also be used .: In the two specific embodiments, this stepwise change can produce a quasi-one function, so the modification of Zk is determined at the present purpose ^ therefore the 'equation ( 3) The dragon is modified as shown below: —1 e * -i-1 ⑷ In the specific embodiment of the example, the remote station 6 will complete the demodulation of the data frame and update it in the middle of the continuous data frame. Target energy level ~. For example, if the f-th data frame is received incorrectly, the probability of a data frame in the _ data frame being wrong 0 is greater. This is because The adjustment does not have an immediate effect on the FER efficiency until the system has enough time to generate—convert to a new operating point. Therefore, the second error of two consecutive data frames should not be resolved to indicate the efficiency of the target energy level, It is only a result of updating the first data frame error. _ In a preferred embodiment, after the first data frame error, the base station 4 will increase the overall channel channel gain. Then, if it occurs in the following data frame, it will Ignore the second data frame error. Apply this concept to the second embodiment described above 'its equation (the phantom becomes: _______________ ** 28-This paper size applies the Chinese national standard (CNS> Α44 格 (210χ 297 Public address> Install f ---- order ------- line (please read the back-to-side precautions before filling out this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 26) 2 *; V, ek., = L, e ^ 2 ek-i = Ut_2 ek- \ — 〇A7 B7 (5) Member of the Central Bureau of Standardization of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the People ’s Republic of China, H Consumer Cooperative is printed in the specific embodiment of the example , The outer loop power control structure will be marked on all remote stations 6 To ensure consistency of all remote stations 6. During a call's initiation phase, r and § 値 can be transmitted to each remote station 6 through base station 4 ^ During the call's forward path, these The new parameter of the parameter can also be specified by the base station 4. In a pass-to-communication system that complies with the IS-95-A standard, when the remote station 6 enters the soft handover, the gain of the forward call channel will typically be Reduce. This method will not reduce the FER efficiency. Since the data bits received from the base station 4 and received at the remote station 6 will be combined, a larger mixed signal will be generated before decoding. However, the reverse link power control loop in the remote station 6 does not combine the reverse link power control bits received from different base stations 4, since these bits are independent. The reduction in gain on the forward talk channel can increase the bit rate of the power control bit stream transmitted on the forward talk channel and thus reduce the reverse link power control structure. To change this situation 'When the remote station 6 enters the soft handover, the gain of the power control bit typically advances. This causes the gain of the reverse link power control bit to be slightly higher than the data gain bit 0 whenever the remote station 6 is in soft handover. In a specific embodiment, the power control bit from a different base station 4 Absolute 値 is combined according to equation (2). Therefore, the beneficial advancement of the power control bit will cause a larger edge than the relative data bit. Caused by the remote station 6 requirements-no -29 (谙 first read the note of #. Surface and then fill in this page) • installed ·, tr wood paper size applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 «; fe ί ?? Π V \-. V. Description of the invention (27) A relatively large yi 値 will reduce the transmission power from the base station 4, which can cause errors in the data channel or multiple data frames on the forward communication channel. In this case, the target energy 値 z set by the external circuit is automatically increased. After an instant, the outer circuit will then adjust the target energy 値 z to the new nominal 値. To try to obtain these effects',% can be determined proportionally before comparing with the target energy level z. Alternatively, when the remote station 6 enters the soft handover, the target energy level Z will increase slightly. This can reduce the chance of these errors. In a specific embodiment, the comparison of the filtering amplitude% and the target energy level Z is performed in the power control processor 120 (refer to FIG. 2). In addition, the target energy level update according to equations (3), (4), or (5) is also performed in the power control processor 120. The controller processor 120 can be implemented in a micro-controller, a microprocessor, a digital chip (DSP) chip, or an ASIC program that executes the functions described herein. 4. Transmission of forward link power control bits Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Forward link power control bits can be transmitted to the base station 4 by one of the methods. In the exemplary embodiment, each remote station 6 has a forward link power control channel on the reverse link, which focuses on the transmission of the forward link power control bit. In another specific embodiment, wherein the focused power control channel is unavailable, the forward link power control bit can be inserted or mixed on the reverse link data bit stream similarly to the implementation on the forward call channel . In the exemplary embodiment, the forward link power control bit is transmitted to the base station 4 on the dedicated forward link power control channel. A method and device for providing a focused forward link power control channel has been described above. -30- This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210x 297 mm). The Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Printing A7 --- ---- B7 V. Description of the Invention (28) ~~~ " —I- US Patent Application No. 08 / 654,443 has been described in detail. Transmission timing diagrams of forward and reverse link power control bits are shown in FIG. In each power control group, each power control group depicted by the barred bar on the time base is transmitted on the forward call channel, as described in the top diagram of FIG. In the exemplary embodiment, the reverse link power control bit is transmitted with a power control group every 1.25 milliseconds, and each reverse link power control bit is a two symbol rate set at i for the duration. In addition, each reverse link power control bit can start from one of 16 positions, which is determined by a long PN sequence. --The remote station 6 processes the reverse link power control bit and transmits the -forward link power control bit to the base station 4 as a pulse on the reverse power control channel. In the exemplary embodiment, the pulse is transmitted with positive polarity to indicate a forward link power and control bit with zero ('0'), and negative polarity to indicate π, π). The timing and duration of the pulses are design parameters' which are described in the following specific embodiments. The choice of these parameters can be considered without departing from the scope of the invention. 'In the first ω-th embodiment, the forward link power control bit is transmitted as a pulse of 1.2? Seconds in length.' The last possible (ie, 16th) power control bit position on the forward channel Milliseconds start after that. This structure plus the center diagram has been described ', where the parameter K is set to 0.625 tail seconds. G.625 milliseconds-delay can allow the remote station 6 to be non-curved in the worst case forward link signal path. Before the combination, the non-f curved places ^ will properly arrange the signals from different signal paths, and ensure that the reverse link power control bit from the first W power control group is from -31-this paper standard Home Please Read Back-1¾ Note
I i 裝 訂 線 A7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製I i Binding Line A7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs
訂 五、發明説明(30 ) Α7 Β7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 例中,延遲量是没足成〇·〇5〇毫秒(delay2=〇 05〇毫秒)。如名 圖7中所描述,此具體實施例需要脈衝持續期間的較:谓 輸功率,爲了要在一較短的脈衝持續上傳輸相同的能=。 此方法的一缺點是在800赫茲(Hz)之短脈衝中的較大 輸潛在會造成人具聽覺輔助的聲音頻帶千撙 .^ 八1 1傻。然而,既妨 遠端站6會在固定的時間傳送順向連結功率控制什元在 反向連結功率控制位元及反向連結功率控制位元任竟定f 之後’順向連結功率控制位元也會任意定位。任意二; 率控制位元的起始位置會在800 Hz上分配能量,並減少自 動干擾。此夕卜,在來自遠端站6的反向連結上所傳送的傾 向連結功率控制頻道是在反向連結上所傳輸的其中一資剩 流。既然在位元中的功率是較低,所以在遠端站6的輸出 功率會改變,由於功率控制位元較小。 最後,在第四具體實施例中,在固定量的時間叔㈣2_ 〇_〇5〇毫秒之後,順向連結功率控制位元便會傳输,下列是 反向連結功率控制位元的接收。在此具體實施例中,: 而,順向連結功率控制位元的持序時間是變數,而且目詞; 順向連結功率控制位元的傳輸會持續,直到下一個順向二 結功率控制位元排程爲止。遠端站6能傳送Γ順向連結功率控制位元,或基^元的持續_= 正傳輸增ϋ,爲了要傳送具相同能量给每—位元。 請即參考圖2,順向連結功率控制位元是由在遠端站6中 的功率控制處理器120所處理。功率控制處理器12〇會計算 順向連結功率位元,其是在反向連結上傳送,並將二等位 ^ -- (諳先閲讀背面之注秦事項再填寫本頁) 訂—-------線--------- 1 . - I I- . ί. -33 · 氏張尺度適用中國國)…規格(2ωχ297公幻V. Description of the invention (30) Α7 Β7 In the example printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the delay amount is less than 0.05 milliseconds (delay2 = 0.05 milliseconds). As described in Fig. 7, this specific embodiment requires the comparison of the pulse duration: the transmission power, in order to transmit the same energy over a shorter pulse duration. One disadvantage of this method is that the large output in short pulses of 800 hertz (Hz) can potentially cause a hearing-assisted sound frequency band to be thousands of thousands. ^ 8 1 1 silly. However, the remote station 6 may transmit the forward link power control bit at a fixed time after the reverse link power control bit and the reverse link power control bit are determined to be f. Will also be positioned arbitrarily. Any two; the starting position of the rate control bit will distribute energy at 800 Hz and reduce automatic interference. Furthermore, the inclination link power control channel transmitted on the reverse link from the remote station 6 is one of the remaining streams transmitted on the reverse link. Since the power in the bits is lower, the output power at the remote station 6 will change due to the smaller power control bits. Finally, in the fourth specific embodiment, the forward link power control bit will be transmitted after a fixed amount of time is 2 milliseconds. The following is the reception of the reverse link power control bit. In this specific embodiment, the sequence time of the forward link power control bit is variable and the heading; the transmission of the forward link power control bit will continue until the next forward two-junction power control bit Yuan schedule. The remote station 6 can transmit the Γ forward link power control bit, or the continuous _ = positive transmission gain of the element, in order to transmit the same energy to each bit. Referring now to FIG. 2, the forward link power control bit is processed by the power control processor 120 in the remote station 6. The power control processor 12 will calculate the forward link power bit, which is transmitted on the reverse link, and will send the second-class bit ^-(谙 Read the Qin notes on the back before filling this page) Order --- ----- 线 --------- 1.-I I-. Ί. -33 · The Zhang scale is applicable to China) ... Specifications (2ωχ297 公 幻
A7 _______B7 五、發明説明(31 ) " ~ 兀傳送給調變器(M0D) 134❶調變器134涵蓋符合於反向功 率控制頻道具Walsh碼的位元,擴展具長和短pN碼之涵蓋 資料,並提供擴展資料给發射器(TMTR) 136。發射器136能 夠以前述之美國專利申請文號08/654 443而製作。發射器 136會濾波、調變、和放大信號。所調變的信號會導至雙工 器104,並經由信號路徑12而在反向連結上從天線1〇2傳 輸。 在基地站4上,反向連結信號是由天線3〇所接收,導至雙 工器28,並提供給接收器(RCVr) 50。接收器會濾波、放 大、和向下轉換,以獲得基頻帶信號。基頻帶信號是提供 给解调器(DEMOD) 52。解調器5 2會非擴展具短pn碼的基 頻帶信號,非涵蓋具與在遠端站6所使用相同Walsh碼的資 料’並提供解調變的資料給控制器4〇。解調變資料包括順 向連結功率控制位元。控制器4〇能調整順向通話頻道的增 ϋ及/或基地站4的傳輸功率,當作由順向連結功率控制位 元所指示。 5 .基地站響應 經濟部中央標隼局員工消費仓作社印製 (請先閲讀背面之注各事項再填寫本頁) 在具體實施例中’基地站4能接收順向連結功率位元,其 會在反向功率控制頻道上傳輸,並控制順向通話頻道的增 益。在範例的具體實施例中,一旦接收順向連結功率控制 位元的一(’Γ) ’基地站4會増加順向通話頻道的增益。一旦 接收零(’0’)’基地站4會減少増益。增益的增加或減少量是 決定在製作及系統考量。在範例的具體實施例中,增益能 夠以0.5分貝至1.0分貝的步驟而增加或減少,雖然其它的步 __ -34- 摩準(0呢)八4規核(2丨〇父297公趣) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印裝 A7 B7 五、發明説明(32 ) 騍能利用。增益增加的步驟大小能相同或不同於增益減少 的步驟大小。此外,增益的步驟大小能是決定在基地站4 上的其它順向通話頻道的增益而產生。本發明可應用在增 益調整中的所有步驟大小。 基地站4也能調整增益的增加、增益的減少、或兩當作是 速度功能、及遠端站6的衰退情況。基地站4會做此’既然 最佳的步驟大小是衰退情況的一功能及遠端站6的速度。 例如,在非常高的速度上,較小的步驟太小能工作較佳, 既然功率控制·位元的速率並不夠快到跟上快速衰退。既然 •順向連結交錯器會平均衰減,太功率控制步驟大小只是要 增加順向連結波形的振幅跳動。然而,快速的功率控制需 要動態地將平均波形調整爲正確的位準。在基地站4中的 解調器52能估計衰退的情況和遠端站6的速度。在解調器52 中的搜尋器元件能決定目前所要接收多重路徑元件數目, 並計算它們的輪廓。這些搜尋器元件已在美國專利文號 5,109,390,標題爲 “DIVERSITY RECEIVER IN A CDMA CELLULAR TELEPHONE SYSTEM”及美國專利申請文號 08/316,177,而於1994年9月30日歸檔之標題“MULTIPATH SEARCH PROCESSOR FOR A SPREAD SPECTRUM MULTIPLE ACCESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM”中詳細描述,兩者皆指定爲本發明 的專利,在此僅列出供參考。 解調器52也能藉由使用解調變技術而估計反向連結頻率 錯誤來估計遠端站6的速度,其在技藝中爲已廣爲人知。 頻率錯誤是大約2«f^v/c+s,其中fc是操作頻率,v是遠端站 _______-35- 本紙依尺度適用巾國ϋ &標準(CNS ) A4規格(21GX 297公楚) - - ---------裝--,--/---訂----,--線 (請先閲讀f.面之注t·事項再填荇本頁) 經濟部中央梯準扃負工消赀合作社印製 A7 _________ B7 五、發明説明(33 ) — 6的速度’ c是光的速度,而且8是遠端站6的殘餘頻率錯 誤.。在符合於TIA/EIA/IS-95-A的標準中,遠端站6能測量 頻率’其是在順向連結上所接收,並使用此在反向連結上 設定傳送頻率。基於所測量之接收頻率而設定傳輸頻率的 討論已在美國專利申請文號〇8/283,3〇8,而於年7月29 g 歸檔的標題 “METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLUNO POWER IN A VARIABLE RATE COMMUNICATION SYSTEM”中揭露, 此已指定爲本發明的專利,在此處僅列出供參考。遠端站 6並未從其本身的振盛而移除錯誤。此處理會造成在基地 站4上所接收頻率的都卜勒貧率錯誤,當作是在順向連結 的fc*v/c的一頻率錯誤及在反向連結上的〇v/c的一頻率錯 誤。來自接收頻率而在遠端站6中設定傳送頻率的錯誤是 ε。對於一高速度移動而言,錯誤ε是相當小。因此,解調 器52说將速度和多重路技估計提供给控制器4〇,其然後奋 使用這些資訊來決定增益的増加和減少,及步驟大小。 基地站4具有一最大傳輸功率,其是由系統設計限制和 FCC規則所決定。不可避免地,基地站4將會經歷一情況, 當遠端站6要求一増益增加的時候,其並未具有充足可用 的功率。如果基地站4限度或忽略增益增加命令,因爲不 足的傳輸功率,順向通話頻道的FER能增加。當此發生的 時候’在遠端站6上的目標能量位準實質上會很快地增 加。這是由於在方程式(5)中的向上步驟,在典型上相對大 於向下步驟δ。如果較差的頻道情況消失或基地站4能傳送 額外的功率給遠端站6,目標能量位準ζ設定成適當範固之 -36- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家樣準(C^S ) Λ4規格(210X297公釐) 一 ' '~~ (請先閲讀背f之注*事項再填寫本頁) -裝 線 經濟部中央標孪局員工消費合作杜印製 A7 --—— 一_ B7 五、發明説明(34 ) '〜 所使用的時間會是較長,既然向下步驟δ是典型較小。在 較佳具體實施例中,基地站4會傳輸向上步驟r和向下步 驟谷的新値’其是當在順向連結上的FER高於額定値的期間 而傳輸新値。 在具體實施例中,順向通話頻道的FER效率是有關於目 標能量位準z。因此,基地站4能直接調整目標能量位準 z,以獲得所需的FER。例如,如果基地站4確認系統是高 負載及一或多個遠端站6需操作在較高的FERs,基地站4能 藉由新的目標能量位準z傳輸至-遠端站6而改變這些遠端站 6的目標能量位準。另一方式,基地站4能藉由命令這些遠 端站6來處理目標能量位準,以使用新的向上步驟〆及向 下步驟δ。在範例的較佳具體實施例中,無論何時,基地 站4並無法回答來自遠端站6的功率控制命令,基地站4能 調整目標能量位準,或向上及向下步驟,以防止功率控制 迴路侵襲最大的傳輸功率,並在非線性區域操作。 若要確定順向連結功率控制構造的正確工作,而沒有遠 端站6要求多於或少於效率需求位準之所需的傳輪功率 基地站4能監督順向通話頻道的FER。在範例的具體實施例 中,遠端站6能傳送一錯誤訊息给基地站4無論何時接收一 資料框發生錯誤的時候。此錯誤訊息能夠是先前所描述的 删除指示器位元(ΕΙΒ)ί3基地站4能監視來自遠端站6的錯誤 訊息、計算FER、及處理遠端站6的目標能量位準z,其是 藉由指定遠端站6的向上步驟r和向下步驟δ之適當値。 6 .增益改正構造 __ -37- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) ,\41^^777〇>< 297公楚) ^-- (諳先閲讀背'面之注t-事項再填寫本頁) -訂 線 A7A7 _______B7 V. Description of the invention (31) " ~ transmitted to the modulator (M0D) 134 ❶ The modulator 134 covers the bits corresponding to the reverse power control channel with Walsh codes, and extends the coverage of long and short pN codes And provide extended information to the transmitter (TMTR) 136. The transmitter 136 can be made with the aforementioned U.S. Patent Application No. 08/654 443. The transmitter 136 filters, modulates, and amplifies the signal. The modulated signal is directed to the duplexer 104 and transmitted via the signal path 12 from the antenna 102 on the reverse link. At the base station 4, the reverse link signal is received by the antenna 30, led to the duplexer 28, and provided to the receiver (RCVr) 50. The receiver filters, amplifies, and downconverts to obtain the baseband signal. The baseband signal is supplied to a demodulator (DEMOD) 52. The demodulator 52 does not spread the baseband signal with the short pn code, does not cover the data with the same Walsh code as that used at the remote station 6, and provides the demodulated data to the controller 40. The demodulation data includes forward link power control bits. The controller 40 can adjust the increase of the forward communication channel and / or the transmission power of the base station 4 as indicated by the forward link power control bit. 5. The base station responds to the printing of the employee warehouse of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the notes on the back before filling out this page). In a specific embodiment, 'base station 4 can receive forward link power bits It transmits on the reverse power control channel and controls the gain of the forward call channel. In the exemplary embodiment, once receiving one ('Γ)' of the forward link power control bit, the base station 4 will increase the gain of the forward talk channel. Once receiving zero (' 0 ') ' base station 4 will reduce the benefits. The amount of gain increase or decrease is determined in production and system considerations. In the specific embodiment of the example, the gain can be increased or decreased in steps of 0.5 dB to 1.0 dB, although other steps __ -34- MoZun (0?) 8 4 regulations (2 丨 parent 297 public interest ) Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 V. Description of Invention (32) Not available. The step size for gain increase can be the same or different from the step size for gain decrease. In addition, the step size of the gain can be generated by determining the gain of other forward-talking channels on the base station 4. The invention can be applied to all steps in gain adjustment. The base station 4 can also adjust the increase in gain, decrease in gain, or both as a speed function, and the degradation of the remote station 6. Base station 4 will do this' since the optimal step size is a function of the decay situation and the speed of remote station 6. For example, at very high speeds, smaller steps are too small to work better, since the power control bit rate is not fast enough to keep up with rapid decay. Since the forward link interleaver will attenuate evenly, the power control step size is only to increase the amplitude jump of the forward link waveform. However, fast power control requires dynamically adjusting the average waveform to the correct level. The demodulator 52 in the base station 4 can estimate the fading condition and the speed of the remote station 6. The searcher elements in the demodulator 52 can determine the number of multipath elements currently to be received and calculate their contours. These searcher elements have been registered in US Patent No. 5,109,390 under the heading "DIVERSITY RECEIVER IN A CDMA CELLULAR TELEPHONE SYSTEM" and US Patent Application No. 08 / 316,177, and titled "MULTIPATH SEARCH PROCESSOR FOR" on September 30, 1994. A SPREAD SPECTRUM MULTIPLE ACCESS COMMUNICATION SYSTEM ", both of which are designated as patents of the present invention, are listed here for reference only. The demodulator 52 can also estimate the speed of the remote station 6 by using the demodulation technique to estimate the reverse link frequency error, which is well known in the art. The frequency error is about 2 «f ^ v / c + s, where fc is the operating frequency, and v is the remote station. _______- 35- This paper is suitable for national standards & standard (CNS) A4 specifications (21GX 297) )----------- install-,-/ --- order ----, --- line (please read f. Note above t. Matters before filling this page) Economy Printed on A7 __________ B7 by the Ministry of Central Elevator Cooperative Cooperative V. 5. Description of the invention (33)-The speed of 6 'c is the speed of light, and 8 is the residual frequency error of remote station 6. In compliance with the TIA / EIA / IS-95-A standard, the remote station 6 can measure the frequency 'which is received on the forward link and uses this to set the transmission frequency on the reverse link. A discussion of setting the transmission frequency based on the measured reception frequency has been filed in U.S. Patent Application No. 08 / 283,30, and titled "METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR CONTROLUNO POWER IN A VARIABLE RATE COMMUNICATION" filed on July 29, "System", which has been designated as a patent of the present invention, is listed here for reference only. The remote station 6 does not remove the error from its own prosperity. This process will cause the Doppler poverty rate error of the frequency received at base station 4 as a frequency error of fc * v / c on the forward link and a frequency of 0v / c on the reverse link. Frequency is wrong. The error from the reception frequency and the transmission frequency set in the remote station 6 is ε. For a high speed movement, the error ε is quite small. Therefore, the demodulator 52 says to provide the speed and multiple path estimates to the controller 40, which then uses this information to determine the increase and decrease of the gain, and the step size. The base station 4 has a maximum transmission power, which is determined by system design restrictions and FCC rules. Inevitably, the base station 4 will experience a situation where the remote station 6 does not have sufficient available power when it requires an increase in benefits. If the base station 4 limits or ignores the gain increase command, because of insufficient transmission power, the FER of the forward communication channel can be increased. When this happens, the target energy level at the remote station 6 will increase substantially substantially. This is due to the upward step in equation (5), which is typically relatively larger than the downward step δ. If the poor channel condition disappears or the base station 4 can transmit extra power to the remote station 6, the target energy level ζ is set to an appropriate range. -36- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (C ^ S) Λ4 specification (210X297mm) I '' ~~ (Please read the note of f and fill in this page first) -Consumer cooperation with staff of Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economics Du printed A7 ------ I _ B7 V. Description of the invention (34) '~ The time used will be longer, since the downward step δ is typically smaller. In a preferred embodiment, the base station 4 will transmit the new radio signals in step r and downward step valleys, which are transmitted when the FER on the forward link is higher than the rated radio signal. In a specific embodiment, the FER efficiency of the forward talk channel is related to the target energy level z. Therefore, the base station 4 can directly adjust the target energy level z to obtain a desired FER. For example, if base station 4 confirms that the system is highly loaded and one or more remote stations 6 need to operate at higher FERs, base station 4 can be changed by transmitting a new target energy level z to -remote station 6 The target energy levels of these remote stations 6. Alternatively, the base station 4 can process the target energy level by commanding these remote stations 6 to use the new up step and down step δ. In the preferred embodiment of the example, at any time, the base station 4 cannot answer the power control command from the remote station 6, the base station 4 can adjust the target energy level, or step up and down to prevent power control The loop invades the maximum transmitted power and operates in a non-linear region. To determine the correct operation of the forward link power control structure without the remote station 6 requiring more or less than the required transfer power for the efficiency demand level, the base station 4 can monitor the FER of the forward call channel. In the exemplary embodiment, the remote station 6 can send an error message to the base station 4 whenever an error occurs in receiving a data frame. This error message can be the previously described deletion indicator bit (ΕΙΒ). 3 The base station 4 can monitor the error message from the remote station 6, calculate the FER, and process the target energy level z of the remote station 6, which is By specifying the appropriate 値 of the upward step r and the downward step δ of the remote station 6. 6. Gain correction structure __ -37- This paper size applies Chinese National Standard (CNS), \ 41 ^^ 777〇 < 297 Gongchu) ^-(谙 Read the note on the back side of the t-item (Fill in this page again)-Order A7
經濟部中央樣準局員工消费合作社印製 均延遲減少的時候,本發明的順向連結功率控制構造能 執行更好。爲了要補償順向通話頻道的衰退,基地站4會 使用増加或減少的傳輸功率,儘可能快地當作由遠端站6 勺要求。當遠端站6並非是敕交遞的時候,順向連結功率 乙制位TL是由單—基地站4所接收,其會響應於順向連結 功率控制位元而調整順向通話頻道的增益。遠端站6在軟 文遞fib同時與多重區段通訊。在範例的具體實施例中,在 基地站4中的單一頻道元件是用來控制在遠端站6和在软 父遞中之所有區段之間的通訊―。因此,基地站4能很快地 11 同正旦接收來自遠端站6的順向連結功率控制位元之所 有區段的傳輸功率。 —遠端站6在軟交遞能與多重的基地站4通訊。用以執行 分散式方法和裝置爲表演順向連結功率控制已在先前之美 國專利申請文號08/710,335中詳細地描述。某些基地站4不 可接收具可信度的順向連結功率控制位元流或不可接受功 率控制位元。在本發明中,—順向連結功率控制改正構造 是用來確定在主動遠端站6中的所有基地站4之順向通話頻 道的增Μ是正確地設定,而藉由基地站4的順向連結功率 控制位元的錯誤接收並未累積。在範例的具體實施例中, 當遠端站6是在軟交遞,接收反向連結信號的基地站4之順 向通洁頻道增盈是由在主動成員組中的所有基地站4所使 用。功率控制改正構造能藉由下列具體實施例而完成。 在第一具體實施例中,確定順向通話頻道的增益大約等 於與遠端站4通訊的所有基地站4,所選定的順向連結功率 _____-38- (CNS )八4現格(210X297公楚} ---------抑衣-----J—.1Τ------# (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 五、發明説明(36 ) 上制仅元流會提供給所有的基地站4。對於每一資料框而 a 在王動成員組中的所有基地站4會將由基地站4所接收 的,.向連結功率控制位元傳送給在系統控制器2中的一選 擇器口選擇器會選取來自基地站4的功率控制位元,其會 接收最強的反向連結信號。所選取的功率控制位元然後會 提供給在主動的成員組中的所有基地站4。每一基地站^ 接收來自選擇咨(所選疋順向連結功率控制位元,比較所 選定的位元與實際所接收和處理的位元,而且重新調在順 向通活頻運上的增益,以確定所選取的順向連結功率控制 位.元° 工 基地站4能將功率控制位元能以回程資料框而傳送給在控 制器4〇中的選擇11 °回程資料框選擇能根據在TIA/E^廳_ 95-A系統中所使用的既有程序而處理。在處理之後,選 器能將選擇順向連結功率栌制 ·, 疋。刀h L制位兀傳运至所有的基地站 4 ’其是在回程資料框將使用者通話傳輸至遠端站6。 在第二具體實施例中,每一基地站4會在每—資料框將順 向通逢頻道增益傳送至搜452. .,、, 得i至選擇态。選擇器會選取符合於基地 站 4 的增 ’ 其舍 jg, JA- ±L· r- / λ, 曰祛收取強的反向連結信號。選 所選定的增益傳送哈右φ私s ° 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印說 丹l,〇在王動的成員组中的所有基地站4, 且基地站4因此會更新女們 、/ 曰夂祈匕們的增盈。所選取的增益在既有 的TIA/EIA/IS-95-A系統中只》從搜媒u„ s l 、,. T,、疋伙%擇崙至基地站4所傳送的 增盈値。此增益値是以回程格式實現,並是在如 TIA/EIA/IS-634-A標準中所#貪人而Λ 八, "疋在 Η Τ所4日疋介面A3上傳送,其在此僅供 參考。 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Λ4規枯 39- (210X297公犮) 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印掣 A7 五、發明説明(37 ) ' 〜~~ 由於處理延遲,順向通話頻道的增益更新需要某此、、主 意。在範例的具體實施例中,每一基地站4能調整其順= 通話頻道的增益,其係基於來自遠端站6的順向連結功率 控制位元的測量。然而,選擇器能決定由另—基地站*所 接收之功率控制位元的使用。此決定通常並不會產生,直 到在基地站5具有應用順向連結功率控制位元的本身測量 的一預足時間量爲止。因此,基地站4需根據基地站*實際 所接收的功率控制位元及來自選擇器的選擇功率控制位元 而調整冗們順向通話頻道的增-益。基地站4也需在最初的 增益調整和來自選擇功率控制接收之間描述延遲。 在範例的具體實施例中,每一基地站4备儲存增益,其是 由在每一更新期間的基地站4所使用。選擇器會傳送基= 站4之所選取的功率控制位元(或所選取的增益),其是決定 取有可能已正確地接收功率控制位元。每一基地站4然後 會比較增益,其是在更新期間儲存,是由來自選擇器所接 收,並藉由不同而在目前的時間空隙上更新增益。第丨個功 率控制位元的增益Gi是如下所示: 卜+ υ(2卜1) + 叫厂〜⑷”” ⑹ 其中,是第!時間空隙期間的増益,\是第丨功率控制位元 的値(壹或零),v是增益步骤大小,M是每一資料框的功率 控制位凡數目,p是從資料框的開始至功率控制位元從基 地站4傳运至選擇器(〇 $ P $ mm)的時間空隙補償,札是在 第k資料框期間而由選擇器所指定的順向通話頻道增益, —---—---—_ - 40 * 本紙張尺度適财s财標 - ---------裝--^--f—訂----,--線 (請先閲讀背**:之注*'事項再填KT本頁} 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 41 - Α7 Β7 五、發明説明(38 ) 其中k=Li/M」’ q是在時機空隙的補償,其是從資料框的開 始至增盈是在基地站4接收而來自(〇《q幺M-1)的時間,而 如果i =j,δ;』等於1,否則爲〇 ^在範例的具體實施例中,μ 是等於16,雖然]VI的其它値能使用,並且並不達背本發明 的範圍。 順向連結功率控制改正構造的一範例時序圖是在圖8顯 示。順向通話頻道資料框和反向連結資料框幾乎是在同時 排列,考曲郅份只是在空氣上的延遲。資料框(2〇毫秒的持 續時間)係指示爲k、k+卜k+2,和k+3,且在圖8中的厚斜條 所描述。反向連結資料流的資料框k是在基地站4上接收, 在某些處理延遲之後,.其會在資料框k+1期間解碼—段時 間,如在方塊210中的指示。同時,基地站4也處理認爲是 較少處理延遲的順向連結功率控制命令。如此,在圖8 ^ 較低時基線中的陰影的順向連結功率控制位元係描述順向 連結功率控制位元的20毫秒方塊,其會以相同的回程資料 框連同反向連結資料流的資料框k而同時傳送。在資料框 k+2期間,選擇器會選取來自基地站4的順向連結功率控制 位TL,其會接收最強的反向連結信號,並將這些所選取的 功率控制傳送給在在方塊212上之主動成員組中的基地站 4。典型上’所選擇的功率控制位元是以回程資料框傳 送。不久之後’ 時在資料框k+2中,基地站4會接收來自 選擇器的選取的功率控制位元,並根據上述方法在方塊2^ t所選取之功率控制位元來改正順向通話頻道的増益。藉 著資料框k+3的開始,基地站4會傳輸具更新増的基地 本紙張尺度賴料(CNS Μ4ϋ1ί)χ 297公楚· ---------裂-—— J—訂-----—線 (請先閲讀背面之注愈事項再填寫本頁)When the printing of employees' cooperatives in the Central Procurement Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs is reduced, the forward link power control structure of the present invention can be performed better. In order to compensate for the decline of the forward call channel, the base station 4 will use the increased or reduced transmission power as soon as possible as required by the remote station 6. When the remote station 6 is not handed over, the forward link power bit TL is received by the single-base station 4 and it will adjust the gain of the forward call channel in response to the forward link power control bit. . The remote station 6 communicates with the multi-segment at the same time in the soft file fib. In the exemplary embodiment, a single channel element in base station 4 is used to control the communication between remote station 6 and all sectors in the soft parent. Therefore, the base station 4 can quickly receive the transmission power of all the sectors of the forward link power control bit from the remote station 6 with the positive station. -Remote station 6 can communicate with multiple base stations 4 in soft handover. Forward link power control for performing decentralized methods and devices for performance has been described in detail in previous U.S. Patent Application No. 08 / 710,335. Some base stations 4 may not receive a trusted stream of forward power control bits or unacceptable power control bits. In the present invention, the forward link power control correction structure is used to determine that the increase of the forward call channel of all base stations 4 in the active remote station 6 is correctly set, and by the forward adjustment of the base station 4 Incorrect reception to the link power control bit is not accumulated. In the exemplary embodiment, when the remote station 6 is in soft handover, the forward channel gain of the base station 4 receiving the reverse link signal is used by all the base stations 4 in the active member group. . The power control correction structure can be completed by the following specific embodiments. In the first specific embodiment, it is determined that the gain of the forward communication channel is approximately equal to all base stations 4 communicating with the remote station 4, and the selected forward link power is _____ 38- (CNS) 8 4 (210X297) Gongchu} --------- yiyi ----- J—.1Τ ------ # (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 5. Description of the invention (36) Only the upper stream of the system will be provided to all base stations 4. For each data frame and all the base stations 4 in the Wang Dong member group will be received by the base station 4, to the link power control bit to A selector port selector in the system controller 2 will select the power control bit from the base station 4, which will receive the strongest reverse link signal. The selected power control bit will then be provided to the active member All base stations in the group 4. Each base station ^ receives the power from the selection link (the selected 疋 forward link power control bit, compares the selected bit with the actual received and processed bit, and re-adjusts the Gain on the channel frequency to determine the selected forward link power control bit. Yuan ° Engineering base station 4 The power control bits can be transmitted to the selection in the controller 40 as a backhaul data frame. The 11 ° backhaul data frame selection can be processed according to the existing procedures used in the TIA / E Hall_95-A system. After processing, the selector can control the selection of the forward link power control, 疋. The knife H L position is transmitted to all base stations 4 'It is the user call transmitted to the remote station 6 in the backhaul data frame In the second specific embodiment, each base station 4 will transmit the forward channel gain to the search 452 in each data frame, i.e., i to the selection state. The selector will select a base station that matches the base station. The increase of 4 'its jg, JA- ± L · r- / λ, said to receive a strong reverse connection signal. The selected gain is transmitted to the right φ private s ° Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperatives India said Dan l, all base stations 4 in Wang Dong's member group, and base station 4 will therefore update the gains of the women and / or the priests. The selected gain is in the existing TIA / EIA / IS -95-A system only "from the search media u„ sl ,. T , 疋 %% 仑 仑 至 to the base station 4 to increase the profit 値. This The gain is implemented in the backhaul format, and is transmitted in the standard TIA / EIA / IS-634-A standard. It is transmitted on the interface A3 on the 4th. For reference. This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 Regulation 39- (210X297 Gong) The Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Pai Gong Consumer Cooperative Press A7. 5. Description of the invention (37) '~~~ Due to processing delay The forward update of the forward call channel requires a certain idea. In the specific embodiment of the example, each base station 4 can adjust its forward = the gain of the call channel, which is based on the forward link from the remote station 6 Measurement of power control bits. However, the selector can determine the use of power control bits received by another base station *. This decision usually does not occur until the base station 5 has a pre-sufficient amount of time to measure itself using the forward link power control bit. Therefore, the base station 4 needs to adjust the gain-benefit of the forward communication channel based on the actual received power control bit of the base station * and the selected power control bit from the selector. The base station 4 also needs to describe the delay between the initial gain adjustment and the reception from the selected power control. In the exemplary embodiment, each base station 4 stores a storage gain, which is used by the base station 4 during each update. The selector transmits the selected power control bit (or selected gain) for base = station 4, which determines the fetch that the power control bit may have been received correctly. Each base station 4 then compares the gain, which is stored during the update, received by the selector, and updates the gain over the current time slot by different. The gain Gi of the first power control bit is as follows: Bu + υ (2 Bu 1) + called the factory ~ ⑷ "" ⑹ Among them, is the first! The benefit during the time slot, \ is the 丨 (one or zero) of the 丨 th power control bit, v is the size of the gain step, M is the number of power control bits in each data frame, and p is from the beginning of the data frame to the power The time gap compensation for the control bits transmitted from the base station 4 to the selector (〇 $ P $ mm) is the gain of the forward communication channel specified by the selector during the k-th data frame, ------ -----_-40 * This paper is suitable for financial and financial purposes---------- install-^-f--order ----,-line (please read the back first ** : Note * 'Fill in KT page again] Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 41-Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention (38) where k = Li / M "' q is the compensation for the timing gap, which It is the time from the beginning of the data frame to the increase in profit when it is received at base station 4 and comes from (〇 《q 幺 M-1), and if i = j, δ; ″ is equal to 1, otherwise it is 〇 ^ in the specific implementation of the example In the example, μ is equal to 16, although other functions of VI can not be used and do not fall outside the scope of the present invention. An example timing diagram of the forward link power control correction structure is shown in FIG. 8. Forward call frequency The channel data frame and the backlink data frame are arranged almost at the same time, and the test score is only a delay in the air. The data frame (the duration of 20 milliseconds) is indicated as k, k + bu k + 2, and k + 3, and is described by the thick oblique bar in Figure 8. The data frame k of the reverse link data stream is received at the base station 4, and after some processing delay, it will be decoded during the data frame k + 1— For a period of time, as indicated in block 210. At the same time, base station 4 also processes forward link power control commands which are considered to have less processing delay. As such, the forward link of the shadow in the baseline is lower at Figure 8 ^ The power control bit is a 20 millisecond block describing the forward link power control bit, which is transmitted simultaneously with the same backhaul data frame together with the data frame k of the backlink data stream. During data frame k + 2, the selector The forward link power control bits TL from base station 4 will be selected, which will receive the strongest reverse link signal and transmit these selected power controls to base station 4 in the active member group at block 212. Typical 'selected power control bit Send in the backhaul data frame. Soon afterwards, in data frame k + 2, base station 4 will receive the selected power control bit from the selector and use the power control bit selected in block 2 ^ t according to the method described above. To correct the benefits of the forward call channel. With the start of data frame k + 3, base station 4 will transmit the updated base paper paper size (CNS Μ4ϋ1ί) x 297 Gongchu ------- --Crack --- J-Order ------- Line (Please read the note on the back before filling this page)
五、發明説明P A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印聚 4,如方塊216所示。 上述範例係顯示來自遠端站6處理延遲的三個資料框,其 會將順向連結功率控制位元傳送至基地站4,以改正順向 通話頻道的増益。然而,在範例的具體實施例中’每一基 地站4能調整其順向通話頻道的增益,其係響應於順向連 結功率控制位元的測量。就這樣,每一基地站4能快速地 調整在其本身上的順向通話頻道增益,並減少處理上的延 遲。順向連結功率控制改正構造,其中功率控制位元是來 自基地站4,.其能測量最強的反向連結信號,此種構造能 用來改正在主動的成員組中的其它基地站4之順向通話頻 遝的增盈’確保由基地站4的功率控制位元的錯誤接收。 確保所有基地站4的順向連結功率控制構造之正確操作的 其它具體實施例能予以重視,而不會遠背本發明的範圍。 雖然本發明是描述順向連結功率控制構造,佴是在此所 揭示的發明觀念適用於反向連結功率控制。 較佳具施例之先如描述是提供使在技藝中任何熟諳 此技術者能製作或使用本發明。這些具體實施例的各種不 同的修改對於在技藝中熟諳此技術者顯而易懂,而且在此 所定義的原理可運用在未使用發明機能的其它具體實施 例。因此,本發明並不是有意局限在此所顯示的具體實施 例,而是要使廣泛的範園能符合於在此所揭露之原理及新 特徵。 請k, 閲 讀 背 面’ί· 事 項 再 填 寫 本 頁 裝 訂 線 -42- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準(CNS ) Α4規梏(21〇Χ 297公赴V. Description of the invention P A7 B7 Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 4, as shown in box 216. The above example shows three data frames from the remote station 6 processing delay, which will transmit the forward link power control bits to the base station 4 to correct the benefits of the forward call channel. However, in the exemplary embodiment, 'each base station 4 can adjust the gain of its forward talk channel in response to the measurement of forward connection power control bits. In this way, each base station 4 can quickly adjust the forward communication channel gain on itself and reduce processing delay. Forward link power control correction structure, where the power control bit is from base station 4, which can measure the strongest reverse link signal, this structure can be used to correct the sequence of other base stations 4 in the active member group The increase in the call frequency 'guarantees erroneous reception by the power control bits of the base station 4. Other embodiments that ensure the correct operation of the forward link power control structure of all base stations 4 can be taken into account without departing from the scope of the present invention. Although the present invention describes a forward link power control structure, the inventive concept disclosed herein is applicable to reverse link power control. It is preferred that the embodiments be described as provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications of these specific embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the principles defined herein may be applied to other specific embodiments that do not use the inventive function. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to be limited to the specific embodiments shown here, but to enable a broad range of models to conform to the principles and new features disclosed herein. Please k, read the back of the item, and fill in this page. Binding line -42- This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 Regulations (21〇 × 297)
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US08/842,993 US6396867B1 (en) | 1997-04-25 | 1997-04-25 | Method and apparatus for forward link power control |
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US7907910B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2011-03-15 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus to vary power level of training signal |
US8331872B2 (en) | 2004-08-02 | 2012-12-11 | Intel Corporation | Method and apparatus to vary power level of training signal |
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