TW386882B - Method and apparatus using a feedback control system for an ultrasound probe - Google Patents

Abstract

A control system for a probe, including a transmission member, comprises a power source for supplying a constant power to a tranmission member and a transducer for coupling the constant power to the transmission member and for providing a mechanical output to the transmission member at a frequency. A frequency measuring device is also provided for cinstantly measuring the frequency of the mechanical output of the transducer. A current monitoring device for measuring current forwarded to the transducer which monitors the current while the frequency of said mechanical output is varied until it is determined at what frequency the current is at a maximum is also provided. A method for implementing this apparatus is also provided.

Description

A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (Invention collar): The present invention is generally related to medical devices and more specifically to a method and device for transmitting ultrasonic energy to a treatment site in a human body or other mammals. Background: Ultrasound devices are known in the art to remove or remove obstructed blood vessels and substances like these in humans. These devices use ultrasonic energy, either alone or in conjunction with other treatment procedures, to promote obstruction of blood vessels Removal of matter. On this device, an elongated ultrasound transmission probe has been used to remove obstructions in the blood vessels of human tadpoles or other mammals. The device includes half of the end of an elongated transmission wire It generates a tip. A converter is used to convert an electronic signal into a longitudinal vow therapy vibration on the transmission line. This results in the generation of a standing wave in the device and the longitudinal displacement of the tip to Transmission of medical energy to the congestion · For this ultrasonic probe, it is desirable to generate a wave of maximum amplitude with minimal energy. This maximum amplitude can be generated by Lead to the maximum removal force and energy on the substance to be acted on in the blood vessel. This will occur when the frequency applied by the converter to the transmission line of the probe reaches the effective resonance frequency of the transmission line of the probe & gt However, this effective resonance frequency will not be obscured by the probe being moved into the blood vessel and in the blood vessel, so the transmission line of the probe will be at least at a given energy. Its maximum amplitude oscillation. As a result, the probe will generate less energy in the blood vessel than the maximum ultrasonic energy. The situation that will affect the probe is usually included on page 4 This paper applies Chinese national standards (CNS) Λ4condition cotton (210χ2Ν ':. ≫ ^) Read the back _ Note t Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Samples Bureau of the Ministry of Intellectual Economy and Economics Printed by the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 Β7 V. Description of the invention ( ) Including the bending of the transmission wire and the compression of the wire and the movement of the probe during treatment after the probe is sent through different blood vessels in the body to the obstruction. In addition, traditional ultrasonic probes do not have Measure the actual oscillating frequency or amplitude at the probe tip. For example, spatial restrictions often exclude applications that feature information about the movement of the probe tip to the user. As a result, users are often unable to know What actually happens with a probe tip. An effort to maintain the proper medical energy delivered by the tip is described in US Patent No. 5,477,5 09, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. This reference The data describes controlling the amplitude of the standing wave in the probe tip by monitoring the current input of the converter, and changing the energy input to the converter to maintain a constant current input to the converter. A level of attempt. Therefore, when the movement of the probe in the blood vessel causes a change in the load on the transmission line of the converter, which results in a reduction in the current input to the converter, the energy input to the converter is increased to detect the The needle tip provides a fixed energy output. However, this reference fails to explain the cause of the current drop. Β The design is simply to borrow extra energy to compensate for this drop. Therefore, it requires more energy input for the same energy output, which will cause the efficiency of the device to decrease. The prior art reference materials also describe the monitoring of the current input level of the converter to determine whether the transmission line is broken. If the transmission line is broken, the load on the converter by the transmission line will be greatly _____ ___ The standard of 5 pages of this paper is applicable to China National #Soap (CNS) (21〇ΑΜ7 *) ίΓΐ (锖 W read the note on the back of the paper and fill in the book Ⅰ) Ordered by the Central Laboratories Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ^ A7 _B7__ 5. Description of the invention () to reduce. This results in an extreme drop in the energy input required to reach the predetermined probe tip output. This change indicates a problem and the device is turned off. However, this system will not detect problems on the transmission lines, such as cracks, which will increase the load on the converter. A crack will increase the friction between the transmission line and the rest of the probe, or any material that will touch the tip of the probe. Although this crack is dangerous to the user ', the required energy input will not be reduced below a predetermined level, and therefore will not be considered as an event requiring the probe to be turned off. The optimum operating frequency of an ultrasonic device varies with the tolerances of the components of the device and the field of operation. In a prior art ultrasonic device, the optimal operating frequency is determined by mapping the entire operating range of the device and finding a specific operating parameter that can maximize the device, such as current and frequency A very serious area of the prior art method that scans the entire operating frequency range is that a wrong optimal frequency may be selected, which will result in the device's next best performance. Therefore, there is provided an ultrasonic device which can generate a maximum tip oscillation amplitude under many unfavorable conditions, and provide the backup required to maintain the maximum amplitude without increasing the energy consumption of the device, and can monitor the system This informs the user of any cracks in the probe wires or other issues that could affect the system. OBJECTS AND SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION: Generally speaking, according to the present invention, a transmission comprising-a transducer which can be connected to a converter at its proximal end and has a sharp end at its distal end ___ page 6 of this paper Scale towels Guan Jiacai. (CNS) Λ4 (210χ2 ^ 7 .: .ν ~ '(Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) 17 A7 _____B7 V. Description of the invention () Wave transmission device is provided. The The device includes an improved control system that controls the amplitude of the oscillations at the tip of the array. The control system includes a power source that supplies fixed energy to the converter at a selected frequency, and the converter converts the electrical energy It generates medical vibration and generates a standing wave on the book. The control system also includes a frequency measuring and adjusting device for continuously measuring the frequency of medical vibration output from the converter. The frequency measuring device can also The frequency of the oscillations of the transmission element and the tip is changed by fine-tuning the frequency of the oscillations generated by the converter. Finally, a current and voltage monitor is also provided to measure the current and voltage to determine Energy input to the converter. Printed by the Central Oakland Quasi Bureau Shellfish Consumer Cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the control system maintains a fixed amount of energy (voltage multiplied by current) to the converter and monitors the current and voltage input to the converter. The oscillating frequency is changed within a predetermined range to maintain a frequency in which the current is supplied to the converter, and the energy is therefore a maximum value β of the resistance and resistance of the transmission member during the quake. The load on the converter is proportional, so the resistance on the converter is proportional to the load on the converter. Because the energy is maintained at a fixed level, so the load on the converter will be at the maximum electrical connection Is the minimum value. The oscillation amplitude of the transmission line will also be at the maximum value. Therefore, 'When the frequency of the converter is frequently adjusted to generate the maximum input current and thus maintain the energy at its maximum value, at a fixed energy 'The device will always optimize the oscillating amplitude of the tip. This maximum will occur when the converter vibrates at the effective resonant frequency of the transmission. When the probe When it is moved in a blood vessel of a different part of the body, the resonance frequency of the probe will change slightly. By converting this _ _____page 7 This paper is in accordance with China National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210χ 297〇ϋ A7 __B7 V. Invention description () _ The frequency of the oscillator's oscillation frequency can be fine-tuned to oscillate the transmission element at a frequency close to this new frequency. Therefore, by measuring the fine-tuning the oscillation frequency The input current and voltage sent to the converter coupled to the transmission element can operate the probe continuously at a frequency close to the frequency of the tremor and its maximum energy. This will allow the loss of transmission The tip of the pieceless part generates the maximum vibration amplitude and ensures that the probe is operated under preset conditions. In addition, the present invention includes a method of operating an ultrasonic device, which includes the steps of supplying a fixed electrical energy to the The converter of the device converts this electrical energy into a form of medical energy in the form of oscillating at the tip. The oscillating frequency of the converter is changed within a predetermined frequency range and sent to the converter. The monitored current and voltage is supplied to the transducer and responsibility can be maintained at a level most pedaled value. Then, the frequency value 'for obtaining the maximum current and therefore the energy to be sent to the converter is determined. At this frequency close to the frequency of the spurious vibration of the transmission, the resistance of the oscillation and the impedance of the converter are at their minimum, and the amplitude of the oscillation is at its maximum. By long-term adjustment of the frequency of the converter and frequent monitoring of changes in the current and voltage input to the converter, the vibrations at the tip of the transmission can be printed by the staff consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ^ 'Keep at proper amplitude' to ensure proper ultrasound is applied to the obstruction. In another embodiment of the present invention, a device for monitoring the amplitude, and thus the ultrasonic energy output by the ultrasonic probe, is provided. The device includes an integrator that receives a standard voltage input and a back-integrated signal representing the energy at the tip of the probe. This voltage signal is then printed by this paper standard applicable to China National Standard i (CNS) / V ^ Page 8 (210χ 297 ^ Μί) A7 ______B7______ printed by the Bayer Consumer Cooperative of the Central Quercus Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs Into a differential amplifier. The differential amplifier accepts inputs from the integrator and returns an error signal, and generates a differential signal with a compensation value to maintain an accurate frequency signal. This differential signal is then sent to a VCO phase comparator, which compares the frequency of the output signal with the frequency of a reference signal. This reference signal consists of a first component that defines a predetermined oscillating center frequency, and a second component that is modified based on the current state of the system and whether it needs to increase or decrease the output frequency. This frequency is then divided into two to become the adjusted output frequency because the frequency has been previously maintained at twice the required frequency to maintain a higher degree of resolution during measurement and calculation. The adjusted output frequency signal, which is set to the required frequency, is sent through any component of the energy amplifier so that the output signal is always maintained at a fixed preset energy level, regardless of frequency or other factors. This energy output is then fed into an additional amplifier which outputs energy to the converter, which then converts this electrical energy into a mechanical displacement. At the same time, the voltage and current inputs to the converter are monitored, and the impedance is determined. These measured voltage and current values, and the determined impedance value are sent to an amplifier / filter, which processes the The signal determines the true energy output of the converter, which is also a function of the probe's transient amplitude at the tip. This energy determination is then returned to the integrator, where it is processed, and the feedback control loop is completed. Therefore, with the use of such a device, it is possible to determine the selected oscillation amplitude and whether the ultrasonic energy is generated at the tip of an ultrasonic probe. By fine-tuning the frequency of the oscillation in a predetermined range, and ____ the 9th summer ^ paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210x 297 public ^ " 5------.- ----- k --------- ir ------ 0 l-I (Please read the precautions on the back before e this page)印 ^ A7 _____B7 __ V. Description of the invention () 1 — _ It is possible to view the input voltage and current of the converter to maximize this energy. The output frequency of the converter which can produce the maximum current, the current It occurs at a frequency close to the resonance frequency of the transmission member in the blood vessel, and it also generates the maximum amplitude and energy output of the oscillation at the probe tip without adjusting the input voltage to the converter. Therefore, a probe The output energy of the needle can be safely controlled in a selected field without the need to expand additional energy 'and without sacrificing the efficiency of the device. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an improved control system for transmitting probes. Another object of the present invention is to provide a modification of the ultrasonic probe. A good control system and method, in which the energy efficiency of the probe can be maximized. Another object of the present invention is to provide an ultrasonic probe which can provide a fixed output energy. * Other objects and advantages of the present invention are provided by The following description and circle will become clearer. The present invention therefore includes steps and one or more relationships between these steps and each other 'and equipment designed to carry out these steps The structural features, the arrangement of components and the arrangement of components, all of which will be exemplified in detail below, and the scope of the present invention will be defined in the scope of patent applications. To understand the present invention, you need to refer to the following description with the accompanying drawings, where: _______ page 10 _ This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) grid (2! 0X297 ^ _ ~ 5-": ^ Order n line "Before you read, please read the notice of Vi on the back 44.... * Education) Printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Procurement Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs ¾ A7 _____B7 V. Description of the Invention () ~-'Figure 1 is an embodiment according to the present invention Constructed Ultrasonic probe. Side view circle of the converter and control unit; The second circle is a circle showing two theoretical vibration curves of the same probe at different positions in a blood vessel, which is the output rate. The third circle is a functional block diagram 'showing the procedures used in the control of the operation of the ultrasonic probe in the embodiment of the present invention — the fourth circle is a square circle showing the Functions of the control system constructed by an embodiment of the invention; Circles 5 (a) -5 (e) are circuit circles' whose market structure is a structure of a control system constructed according to an embodiment of the invention; and Circle 6 It is a functional square circle that shows the procedures used in the operation and control of an ultrasound probe in another embodiment according to the present invention. Note for No. B: 100 probe 112 tapered piece 129 near end 114 converter 112 far end 115 tip 200,210,220 curve 250,251,252 frequency 233,230,232 points 435 frequency generator 425 differential amplifier / VCO phase comparator 400 control system 415 start element 420 gate Controller / integrator 476 Echo error signal y 11 East paper music scale Applicable to China National Standard (CNS) (2 丨 Ox 297 ^ 7 A7 B7 Description of the invention) 421 signal 430 frequency adjuster 426 calculated frequency signal 440 energy A / D 445 Frequency divider 446 Divided lean signal 450 Counter 411 Adjusted output frequency signal 455 Amplitude control / filter 456 Gate control signal 460 Drive amplifier 470 Converter output 465 Voltage sensor PAO / CVS 475 Multiplier / Filter 476 energy determination signal 420 gated integrator 501 NPN transistor package 502 NPN / PNP transistor hip package 503 QUAD comparator 504,505 operational amplifier 506 analog switch Detailed description of the invention: Please read the crying term of it first Λ r% An effective way to remove thrombus' occlusions and the like is to use Ultrasound probes are used to deliver ultrasonic energy to a selected area within a patient's blood vessels. However, in order to reach a relatively inaccessible blood vessel area, a narrow and flexible device must be provided which has a suitable The length and sufficient guidance. An ultrasound probe constructed in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention to achieve the aforementioned requirements is labeled as probe 100 in the first figure of the present case and described in the title "ULTRASOUND TRANSMISSION APPARATUS AND METHOD OF USING SAME "'US Patent Application No. 08 / 858,247 filed on May 19, 1997. The contents of this application are incorporated herein by reference. Probe 1 〇〇 There is a tapered piece 'paper size applicable to China National Standards (CNS) (2 丨 0: < 297g ¥ Dance · Central Ministry of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Cooperatives, India Juer Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Procurement Bureau Printed by the Industrial and Consumer Cooperatives A7, B7 5. Description of the invention (112) The tapered piece has a proximal end 129 with a diameter of Ai and a converter 114, which acts as a source of ultrasonic energy. When and conversion Device When 114 is coupled, the proximal end 129 is preferably located at the position that has the largest displacement relative to the standing ultrasound supported by the entire device. The tapering member 112 is inclined from the proximal end 129 at its tilt to the transition zone B. The diameter of the reduced distal end 1 Π with diameter Af »The proximal end 129 must be large enough to receive sufficient energy to treat the tumor 'obstructions and the like · However', in order to provide the best flexibility, it is only possible The ground is required to reduce the diameter of the distal end of the probe 100 without losing energy, strength, or guidance. Furthermore, the reduction in diameter must be achieved in a way that amplifies the ultrasonic vibration, that is, increases the amplitude. Following the tapered section A or one or more tapered sections of the distal diameter Af) is a fixed diameter section C with a diameter Ci, where Ci < Af. In cases where additional diameter reduction is required, a second transition section D may be provided for coupling section C to section e of the length of one or end of the transmission medium, and section E has a diameter Ej, where Ei < Each of the Cj0A to E sections includes a transmission member for delivering ultrasonic energy to a selected location within a blood vessel. It should be understood that the control system and method of the present invention can also be used with a structure different from that of the device 100. The C section is composed of different materials from the A section. For example, section a is made of aluminum made of a wire or pole or other suitable structure, which has superior ultrasonic transmission characteristics, is easy to process and cheap, and section c is made of titanium, titanium alloy or other materials. It is made with appropriate ultrasonic transmission characteristics and greater strength for the same diameter. —-— _Jg * 13 * ^ * This paper size applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4ML grid (210χ 297々 ^ ~ 5 -—_ {谙 M read the note on the back and fill in this page) • Order A7 _____B7 __ 5. Description of the invention (): According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, if the A section includes ~ taper, it is better to have a tapered length which is equal to the frequency required for operation Integer multiple of half wavelength. There will be a transition zone at the end of section A

K B is a grade transition, in which the diameter of the C segment < ^ is Ci < Af. In order to implement the maximum displacement amplification, the transition zone B of the step-type should be located at or near the displacement node (that is, where the displacement is the smallest). Therefore, if the A segment includes a tapered segment, which is an integer multiple of a half wavelength, it should be followed by a straight line region with a length equal to an odd multiple of a quarter wavelength (and 1, 3, 5 ···). segment. In this way, segment A starts at the distal end 129 of the maximum displacement and ends at the distal end 113 of the minimum displacement (displacement node). If segment A is linear (that is, the diameter is fixed), it should start at a maximum displacement and end at a displacement node. The device 100 also includes a mass or semi-vacuum tip 115 at its distal end. The semi-vacuum tip 115 is designed and shaped to split the ultrasonic energy and / or perform the work depending on the desired application. When a standing wave is generated in the device 100, the tip 115 will pump towards the earthquake and transmit the ultrasonic energy. The greater the amplitude of the oscillation at a particular frequency, the greater its energy output. The Ultrasonic Device 100 (and other probes with similar structures) printed by the Central Labor Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, is operated in the normal frequency mode, that is, when it is excited by the ultrasonic wave at the proximal end 129 When energized, it supports a standing wave (preferably an axial wave). Therefore, it is best to position the semi-vacuum tip 115 at a maximum displacement (anti-node). The transition area D can be located at a displacement node or an anti-node. For example, the transition zone D may include a parallel length of several transmission media with a diameter of & ------------ The 14th paper standard is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS > Λ4)枋 (--------- A7 _______B7 V. Description of the invention () '' The joint that is consumed to the C section. In this example, the mechanical strength in the D area is not enough to support the maximum stress. For In this example, the transition zone D can be located at or near the maximum displacement (minimum stress). It should be understood that the technique of controlling the probe and combining its segments can also be applied to boost or gather ultrasonic energy to Improving the absorption of drugs in vivo and in vitro to induce autonomous cell death, and / or to treat tissues, tumors, blockages, and similar systems, and to apply ultrasound to the peritoneal cavity surgery for pumping numbers A surgical knife and a system for inducing low temperature of cells for radiation treatment of cancer cells. During the use of an ultrasonic probe according to the present invention, ultrasonic energy can be transmitted by a tip of a transmission member, such as a wire, at a predetermined frequency And linear oscillations under amplitude. When this amplitude For a preset oscillation frequency, at a maximum value, the ultrasonic output energy generated by this oscillation is also the largest. Therefore, the goal of an efficient and safe operation for an ultrasonic probe is always Operate near this maximum vibration. In a preferred embodiment, 'the maximum oscillation on this tip of the probe is in the range of 20 to 150 microns', more preferably 20 to 10. 0 micrometers, and most preferably about 40 micrometers. Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperative, when an ultrasound probe is passed through a blood vessel or other article, the bend of the probe is required. For other reasons related to the shape required when the probe passes through the blood vessel of the human body, the resistance and the load of the transmission member on the converter will increase. When in operation, the transmission member is oscillated in a standing wave. A standing wave includes stationary nodes and anti-nodes. The amplitude of this oscillation is the largest at the anti-nodes, where there is little or no displacement. When a probe is moved at _____ 第 1STT—_ This paper scale applies China National Standards of Standards (CNS) (210 × 297 exchange) I_________B7 __ 5. Description of the invention () ~~ '~ 一 " When inside a gold tube, the pressure on the probe from different directions and other environmental changes will affect the vibration of the test piece. Frequency β Therefore, when constructing a probe according to the present invention, constructing an environment is similar to the environment encountered during use. It is advantageous to select the required driving frequency range. The frequency of the ultrasonic output from the converter is adjusted within the range of ', which can approach the effective resonant frequency of the oscillation of the transmission member, so that it can be consistent with the frequency of the wrong vibration of the transmission member at the current position and shape. Therefore, by being able to adjust the oscillation frequency when the output amplitude or output energy is reduced due to the movement of the probe within the chirp, instead of compensating for the decrease in output energy by increasing the input energy, the chirp rate can be A slight change until the maximum energy output is reached β will occur at the actual resonance frequency of the oscillation, etc., with the effective resonance frequency of the probe. So 'unlike in the previous technique, simply applying additional energy to compensate for the energy loss in the system, which would cause the system to overload. The present invention is directed to the root cause of the reduced energy output (in this example, the probe The wire oscillates at a frequency other than the recording frequency), thereby improving the energy output without the need to increase the energy turn-in ', and reducing the risk of injury to the blood vessel where the probe is located, the probe itself and other substances. Printed by the Consumer Standards Department of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. However, as mentioned earlier, it is difficult to directly measure the actual oscillation frequency on the tip of a probe. Therefore, a system according to the present invention may use an alternative measurement that is representative of the amplitude of the oscillation at the tip of the probe, and the energy output. By using three conventional formulas, where ν is a voltage, I is a current, and ζ is an impedance:

(1) Power = VI ------- The 16th ear _ This paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Cricket (CNS) Λ4 Regulation (21〇χ 297) '---- The Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Procurement Bureau is responsible for the work Consumption cooperative printing A7 __________ B7 V. Description of invention ()

(2) V = IZ (3) Power = I2Z. Therefore, if the energy is kept constant, any increase in resistance, which is measured with an increased impedance, will result in a reduction (non-linearity) in the current supply. Any event that affects the transmission frequency of the test piece and increases the difference between the error frequency and the actual elimination rate of the converter will increase the mechanical shock resistance of the test piece. This will result in an increase in the electronic impedance of the conversion element. Therefore, because R (resistance) and 2; (impedance) is inversely proportional to (current), any impact on the transmission will be adversely affected. The event of the amplitude of the mechanical oscillation can be detected by the accompanying decrease in the current flowing to the converter. Therefore, when the transmission tilt rate of the transmission piece and the actual oscillation hunger rate of the converter If there is a difference (because the frequency of the weighted vibration changes), the current sent to the probe will decrease. This situation is shown in the second circle. The amplitude of the oscillation shown on the γ-axis is on the X-axis. A function of the frequency of the converter. The curve 200 has a maximum value in the middle portion and a minimum value at both ends thereof. Therefore, for the curve 200, the frequency 250 results in a maximum amplitude. The frequency of 25 is the resonance frequency of the probe at one position, and the curve of 200 represents the frequency / amplitude response curve of an ideal position of a probe in a human iliac vessel. In a preferred embodiment, this is the result of an optimal frequency of about 42 kMZ. As the probe moves within the blood vessel, the frequency / amplitude response curve also shifts back. Therefore, if the action performed by the probe is reduced to the chirp frequency of the frequency 251, the curve 200 is shifted to the value of the curve 21o, or if the action performed by the probe increases the resonance frequency of the transmitting member to the frequency If it is 252, then the curve CNS} .. BrIT ^ i (please read the notes on the back before filling in the inscription page), 5. Description of the invention () A7 B7 The Central Government Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Consumption Cooperative Seal 200 is shifted to Value of curve 220. It should be understood that the positions of the curves 200, 210, and 220 are just examples, and that the frequency / amplitude response curve exists for the wrong frequency of oscillation of each transmission element. Therefore 'after the probe moves and the accompanying offset of the frequency / amplitude response curve' the actual frequency of the transmission member's oscillation will no longer be at the oscillating frequency. Therefore, the amplitude of this oscillation will no longer be at its maximum. As shown in the second circle, 'If the frequency response curve moves from curve 200 to curve 210, the oscillation frequency corresponding to the maximum value of the current and vibration of curve 200 will now fall below the curve 210. Part 240, which is located at a position lower than the maximum current and amplitude value. Therefore, if the oscillation frequency from the converter is reduced, it can be approached to the vibration frequency of the transmission member. The maximum current corresponding to the new curve and the position of vibration are 233 °. To adjust the frequency, follow the steps shown in the third circle. Pre-sales' In step 1, the oscillation frequency output from the converter is determined. Next 'at step 2' for this particular oscillating frequency, the level of current being input to the converter is measured (10. These two characteristics constitute the basic information of the current system. Then, at step 3, The oscillating frequency of the converter is increased by a preset amount (to the right in the second lap) and the current at this second frequency (h) is measured in step 4. In a preferred embodiment, this The predetermined frequency is changed to 75 Hz. Then, in step 5, the oscillating frequency of the converter is reduced by a predetermined amount (to the left in Figure 2) and the current at this third frequency (13) is in Step 6 Measured. In the preferred embodiment, the predetermined frequency is changed to 75 Hz. ^ In step 7, fill in the note of the previous reading and read-page i page 18 This paper size applies Chinese national standards ( CNS) △ 4 Specifications (A7, B7) Printed by the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, Consumer Goods Cooperatives. V. Invention Description (The current measured at the second frequency (ιζ) is compared with the original current (t 丨). The measured current at two frequencies is less than If the current at the current rate (Ι2 < Ιι), the processing routine moves to step 8, in which the initial current (Is) measured at the third frequency (Is) is compared with that at the third frequency. If at the third frequency, If the measured current is smaller than the current at the initial frequency (l3 < t), the current is already at the maximum value because the current is reduced regardless of whether the frequency is increased or decreased. Therefore, in step 9, Because the amplitude is also at the maximum value, the frequency has not been changed. Then, the process returns to step 1 to measure the frequency at the next sample time. However, if in step 8, the current measured at the third frequency If the current is greater than the initial frequency (Ipii), then the new rate is set to the third frequency in step 12 and then control returns to step 1β. If the current measured at the second frequency is step 7 If the current is greater than the current at the initial frequency (12 > 1!), Then control will proceed to step 10 β in step 10, if the current measured at the third frequency is less than the current measured at the second frequency (1) < 12), The new frequency is set to the second frequency in step u. If the current measured at the third frequency is greater than the current measured at the second frequency (I3 > h), the new frequency is changed at step 12 Set to the third frequency. After these steps, control returns to step ΐβ to implement this at any time—sampling is possible. The more frequently the value is sampled, the more precise the control of the probe will be. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, sampling is performed every 50 microseconds, more preferably every 25 microseconds, and most preferably every 13 microseconds. As shown in Figure 2 In the example, if the resonance frequency drops to the frequency η L --- The 1Q paper size of the paper applies the Chinese National Standard (CRS) Λ4 specification (2) 0χ297.ϋ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in the text page)

A 7 B7 5. In the description of the invention (), the frequency / amplitude curve will move from the position of the curve 200 to the position of the curve 210. The frequency and amplitude will meet at point 23 0, which is below the maximum amplitude point 23 3 of the frequency / amplitude curve 210, and below the maximum current of the frequency / amplitude curve, and not on the transmission member It is at the new false vibration frequency 251. Following the steps in lap 3, a current at a rate higher than point 230 will be measured, and a current at a frequency lower than point 230 will also be measured. It will be determined that the current at the frequency below 230 is larger, and Julu will be reduced. This process will continue until the point reaches points 23 2, 233. At point 233, neither the second nor the third frequency will produce a current greater than at point 233. Therefore, because the current at this frequency is at its maximum value, the frequency will not be changed. If the frequency is at point 23 4 on curve 21, the same procedure will be implemented and will be determined. Yes, the frequency should be increased to increase current and amplitude. Printed by the Consumer Sample Cooperative of the Central Sample Rate Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (Jing first read the notes on the back and then fill in) If the selected frequency is increased or decreased sufficiently, the frequency change will pass from the side of curve 210 The frequency corresponding to the maximum reflow and station amplitude reaches the other side, and does not stop at the maximum. In a preferred embodiment, the frequency change is about 150 Hz, preferably 100 Hz, and most preferably 75 Hz, but other values can also be used according to the shape or other characteristics of the system. In this example However, the algorithm will change the frequency in other directions to obtain a substantially maximum current and amplitude. In a preferred embodiment, when the two consecutive measurements show that the frequencies will be changed without different directions, it can be considered that the frequency corresponding to the maximum current and amplitude has been passed. It is possible to use the last two measured frequencies to determine the best frequency "or, to reduce the current at each step, this paper size applies Chinese National Standards (CNS) (210X 297 male A7 _____B7 V. Description of the invention () It is possible to approach the maximum current by increasing or decreasing the degree. Therefore, first using a large current change, and then using a small current when the current is close to the maximum, can reach the maximum faster and more accurately. Under the ordering of the probe, all the operating frequencies of the probe are sampled. The time required to determine the optimal probe operating frequency and whether there is an energy discrepancy is about 25 seconds. This time value may be reduced to make the performance It is necessary to improve the system safety and ensure that a broken probe will not further harm the patient. Therefore, in another embodiment, the entire operating frequency range of the probe is divided into at least three frequencies Sub-range, each frequency sub-circle has a center frequency • The center frequency of each range is based on the tolerance of the probe 'converter, control unit and the function of the probe All these factors are selected for on-site analysis. All of these factors will affect the location of the center frequencies and how they are maintained. It was found in a coronary probe that the preferred first frequency sub-range has a first center frequency of about 41.6 KHz, and the preferred second frequency sub-range has a second center frequency of about 41.9 KHz. , And the preferred third frequency sub-range has a third center frequency of about 41.3 KHZ. It has been found that the best probe operating frequency is within these three frequency sub-ranges. Sampling 'can determine the optimal probe operating frequency and an energy mismatch faster, usually within 15 to 20 seconds. To determine the optimal probe operating frequency in this alternative embodiment, follow the steps below The steps shown in Figure 6. First, in step 1, the frequency output of the frequency generator 435 is set to the first center frequency of the first frequency sub-range, the probe is charged and a differential amplifier / VCO phase comparison 425 _____ No. 21 This paper scale is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) Λ4 ^ 5ΰΓΓϋ ^ χ29 · 7 公 — ~~ — --- A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (printed by the Consumer Cooperative of the Central Provincial Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs to promote the frequency generator 435 The frequency output samples the frequency in the range of 150 Hz near the first center frequency. Next, in Buxiong 2, the energy input to the converter is measured. Next, in Buxiong 3, in Buxi The maximum energy measured in 2 is compared to the minimum yellowness required to safely operate the probe. 'The safe energy is about a preset energy level in a preferred embodiment of the present invention (in one embodiment it is 18 watts). If the maximum value of the measured energy input is greater than 80% of the preset value, the frequency at which the energy input is reached is used to operate the probe. At this point, the process repeats step 2 to continuously check in the energy sent to the converter to maintain the minimum operating energy level. However, if one-point energy input is not detected in the first segment in step 3, the system will wait about 5 seconds to determine whether the probe's energy is not used for detection. The impedance change caused by placing the needle in the blood vessel reaches the lowest operating energy level. If the lowest operating energy level cannot be detected after 5 seconds, the program will proceed to step riding 4. At this step, the frequency output of jg: intermediate frequency generator 435 will be set at the second center frequency and the first The second rate will be tested. As in steps 2 and 3, the energy input sent to the converter in steps 5 and 6 is measured and compared to the minimum energy level required to operate the probe. If an appropriate facial rate for operating the probe cannot be found within the second frequency sub-range®, the third frequency sub-range will be selected and tested in steps 7-9. If the proper frequency at which the probe can be safely operated cannot be found within the third frequency range, a mismatch flag will be set and the probe will be de-energized. * 22-page paper rule Qian Qianguo National County (CNS Μ 术 纟 (2 | 〇_ > 7 ^ 77 > 石 Α7 Β7) 5. Description of the invention The program will be slightly changed β, especially 'increase or decrease the frequency relative to the original frequency, measure the current of f at each frequency, and change the current in the appropriate direction, which can be measured and calculated at the current frequency position The slope or orientation angle. Based on this measurement, it will determine that the slope is increasing in one direction, and the oscillation frequency of the transmission member can be adjusted as it is. When the slope of the curve is considered flat or 0 'The frequency is the one that produces a maximum current and amplitude and does not need to be adjusted. In an additional embodiment of the invention, the control system can be made to simultaneously monitor the system for breaking or cracking including the transmission element Abnormal events, or other events that affect the efficiency and safety of the system. In particular, if the transmission element breaks, the load on the converter by the transmission element will decrease. This indirectly will Cause throbbing The rate of change is large and the current supplied to the converter is increased while the energy delivered to the converter is maintained constant, and the control device then attempts to compensate by significantly shifting the converter's oscillation frequency. However, when the converter's oscillating frequency or current no longer falls within the preset range of y-Δy and ν + Δ ^, the control device will determine that there is a problem with the system and will shut down the system. In a preferred embodiment, this range includes values from 20 to 1000 kHz, more preferably between 30 and 45 kHz, and most preferably in the range of 42 kHz ± 500 Hz. Therefore, It can monitor or modify the system for unexpected or drastic changes in the required oscillation frequency or current to shut down the probe when there is a problem. In addition, a problem on the transmission line ' Such as cracks' will improve the _ page 23 This paper is again applicable to Chinese countries; (CNS) Λ4 «1 grid (210χ2π :, > ^) (Please read the note y on the back before filling this page) .r Economy Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 B7 printed by the office consumer cooperative. V. Description of the invention () The load on the converter. This will cause the ground to increase the current sent to the converter, while the energy sent to the converter can still be maintained at a certain The 'energy input' and control equipment will be compensated by offsetting the converter's oscillation frequency. However, 'when the oscillator's oscillation frequency no longer falls within a preset range, (preferably 42 kHz to 5000 Hz ), The mining equipment will determine that the system has a problem, and the probe will be turned off. Therefore, it can target the system at a frequency other than the required oscillation frequency or current. The changes are monitored to close the probe when there is a problem. The fourth circle is a block diagram 'showing the function of a control system constructed according to an embodiment of the present invention. The block diagram of a device used to monitor the amplitude of an ultrasonic probe and the ultrasonic energy output by it is roughly described as the control system 400. The control system 400 includes a processor control device 410 to control each system. The interaction of the operation performed by the 400. First, the element 415 receives a signal from the controller 410 and starts the procedure. Β A gate / integrator 420 accepts a standard voltage input, tilts at low frequencies, and generates a voltage from 0V to one. Voltage between preset limits. In a preferred embodiment, the preset limit is 10V. The energy of a feedback error signal 476 at the probe tip is also received at the integrator 420, which will be discussed below. In a preferred embodiment, the energy is provided by a 165 volt DC power source. The signal 421 from the integrator 420 is sent to a differential amplifier of a differential / VCO phase comparator 425. This add-in amplifier receives the input from the integrator 420 and returns an error signal and generates a differential signal. The compensation value is used to maintain a correct frequency signal. This newsletter ___ The first line of the paper is applicable to the China National Bank: 隼 (CNS) (------f Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page)

Printed by A7 ___ B7_ of the Central Standards Bureau Consumers ’Cooperative of the Ministry of Economic Affairs 5. The invention description () number is then sent to a VCO phase comparator, which is shown in block 425, which compares the frequency of the output signal with a reference signal Compare the frequencies. This reference signal is the signal from the first component of the center frequency generator 435 that defines one of the preset center frequencies of the oscillation, and the signal from the rate adjuster 43 0 according to the current state of the system, and whether it needs to be added. A frequency generator 43 5 and a frequency adjuster 43 0 formed by a modified second component signal that reduces or reduces the output frequency include a variable generator in a preferred embodiment. This calculated apple rate signal 426 is then sent to the energy A / D440, which is monitored by the controller 410 to maintain the system at the optimal frequency, and sent to the frequency driver 445, where the rate is Divided into two to produce the adjusted output frequency. This frequency has previously been doubled to the required frequency to maintain a high degree of resolution during measurement and calculation. This divided signal 446 is also sent to a frequency counter 450, which allows the controller 410 to monitor the frequency signal to be output from the system. The adjusted output frequency signal 411, which is set to the required frequency, is first passed through an amplitude control filter 455, which offsets the signal by using a preset energy level as a reference. Signal 456 is gated and AC coupled and filtered to provide a bipolar signal at the operating frequency of the system. The mounting signal is input to a driving amplifier 460. The driving amplifier 460 amplifies the bipolar signal from the amplitude control / filter 455. In a preferred embodiment, the filtered bipolar signal is amplified with a gain value of two. This output is then sent to an amplifier, an energy amplified output, and a current and voltage sensor PAO / CVS 465. Energy Discharge ------ 25th Γ This paper size is universal China National Support Standard (CNS) / \ 4 赖 (210X297 公 f II —------ η ------- ir ---- --Line • 1 .. (Please read the notes on the back before filling in this page) Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives, A7 _-____ ^ V. Description of the invention () Large output 46 5 The filtered bipolar signal sent to the converter output 470 is amplified and it will be converted into mechanical energy in the form of mechanical displacement. In a preferred embodiment, this converter may be a piezoelectric Converter • This energy output signal is always maintained at a fixed predetermined energy during operation, regardless of frequency or other factors. In a preferred embodiment, 'the preset energy is 18 watts' in At the same time, the voltage and current sent to the converter are monitored in PAO / CVS 46 5 'and the impedance is determined according to the state of the probe. The measured voltage and current values are sent to the multiplier / filter. 475, which processes the signal representing the measured value to determine the true energy output of the converter It is also a function of the amplitude of the oscillating tip of the probe. The current and voltage sensors can be operated like a transformer. This energy determination signal 476 is then sent back to the gated integrator 42o, and the feedback control. The loop is completed. This energy determination is then used to determine whether the oscillation frequency of the probe tip should be changed. The system uses the method shown in circle 3 to make a decision. Next, reference will be made to 5 (a) -5 (d) ) Diagram showing a particular structure of a preferred embodiment of the invention that can be used to implement the method of the invention shown in circle 4. It should be understood that 'any additional components not specifically mentioned are also It is included in the preferred embodiment as shown in the figure. Any reference to specific components is merely for illustration purposes only, and is not intended to limit the structure in any way. The controller 410 is a computer controller and may Use any computer with sufficient control software instructions to control the function of the feedback control device. The closed-control integrator 420 implements a gated and integrated function and is shown in section 5 (c) __________ 2613: This paper standard Be applicable National Standards (CNS) Λ4 specifications (210x297 male '-(please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Λι ί. / 1 Alignment' A7 __B7 V. Description of the invention () In the picture. The comparator 420 includes an NPN transistor package 501 ′ and an NPN / PNP transistor elegant package 502, a QUAD comparator 503, an operational amplifier 504 that functions as a buffer, and an operational that functions as an integrator. Amplifier 505, and an analog opening 506. These components are connected as shown in circle 5 (c). In a preferred embodiment, a specific chip that can be used as the NPN transistor package 501 is composed of MMPQ3904 sold by Motorola. One specific chip that can be used as the PNN / PNP transistor package 502 is the MMPQ6700 sold by Motorola. One particular chip that can be used as the QUAD comparator 503 is the LM239 sold by Motorola. A specific chip that can be used as an operational amplifier 504 and 505 is LT'1212 sold by Linear Technology. The analog switch 506 is HC4066 sold by Motorola. Printed by the Consumers' Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs (Jing first read the note f on the back, and then fill out this page) The differential amplifier / VCO phase comparator 425 performs the calculation of the actual frequency and adds it to the required frequency Compare and generate a differential signal that allows adjustment of the output frequency and is shown in the 5th (a) cycle. The differential amplifier / VCO phase comparator 425 includes a phase locked loop 507, a 10K digital POT508 for frequency offset between frequencies, a 50K digital POT509 to control the frequency near the required frequency, and an operational amplifier 510 that acts like a differential amplifier »These components are shown in the figure Be connected. One particular chip that can be used as a phase locked loop 507 is CD4046B sold by Harris. A specific chip that can be used as 10K digital POT5 08 and 50K digital pOT509 is DS1267-10 and _ Page 27 sold by Dallas Semiconductor. This paper is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Λ4 圯 枋 (2丨 〇χ 297,:. ≫ ¥ Τ " * 'Α7 Β7 V. Description of the invention () DS126 7-50 »-The specific piece that can be used as an operational amplifier 510 is LT1212 sold by Motorola. Shown in Figure 5 (a) is the center frequency generator 435 ', which includes a high frequency waveform generator 511, which generates a waveform at a predetermined desired frequency. _ Can be used as a high frequency waveform generator The specific chip for 511 is the MAX038 sold by Maxim. The frequency adjuster 43 is shown in circle 5 (d) and includes a read rate controller 512 that controls and adjusts the center frequency. One can be used as a frequency controller The specific chip of 512 is the DAC7801 sold by Burr-Brown.Figure 5 (d) also shows the energy-to-surface-to-digital converter 440, which includes a digital-to-analog converter 513 and its controller 410 as the interface to monitor Energy, and frequency counter 450, which includes a timepiece / counter The controller 514 uses the controller 410 as an interface to monitor the output frequency. A specific chip that can be used as a digital-to-analog converter 513 is a DAC7802 sold by Burr-Brown. A specific chip that can be used as a timepiece / counter 514 The chip is an 82C54 sold by Intel. As shown in circle 5 (a), the mechanism 445 includes a frequency divider 515 and the amplitude control filter 45 5 includes an operational amplifier 516 that functions as a control filter, The driver amplifier 460 includes an operational amplifier 517 that functions as a driver amplifier. A specific chip that can be used as the frequency divider 515 is CD4013 sold by National Semiconductor. A specific chip that can be used as the operational amplifier 517 For Linear

LT1212 sold by Technology. The current and voltage sensor PA〇 / CVS 465 includes a drive transformer --- page 28. This paper ruler and Tongzhou Jiahuo National Standard (CNS) (Please read the note f on the back before filling this page) Order Printed by the Central Consumers ’Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Shellfish Consumer Cooperative (210x297 ^«) A7 B7 The Inventory of the Consumers ’Cooperative of the Central Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Imprint 5. Invention Description () 518, a voltage feedback transformer 519 and a current feedback transformer 520 As shown in Figure 5 (e) 躅 "Figure 5 (e) also shows the converter 470 which includes an energy transformer 521» Finally 'multiplier / filter 475 is shown in circle 5 (b) and includes A 10K digital POT522, which sets the current and voltage gain, a digital multiplier 523, which calculates energy, an operable amplifier 524, which acts like a filter, and an operable amplifier 525, which acts like a current and It acts like a voltage buffer. A specific chip that can be used as a 10K digital POT522 is the DS1267-10 sold by Dallas Semiconductor. One specific chip that can be used as the digital multiplier 523 is MPY634 sold by Burr Brown. A specific chip that can be used as an operational amplifier 524 and 525 is the LT1212 sold by Linear Technology. It can be seen that the above-mentioned objectives are effectively achieved, and because certain changes can be achieved by performing the above-mentioned methods and structures without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the content described above and The illustrations are for illustration purposes only and are not intended to be limiting. It should also be understood that the following patent application is intended to contain the general and specific features of the invention described in the above and the scope of the invention. Page 29 The Chinese paper standard is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 bar M 210X 297, »i) (Please read the note f on the back before filling this page) d}! / (Order ,!

Claims (1)

3 Call back ten! {| A8 VI. Patent application scope in I I. 1 -----! '11 ..... I ΆΤ tm li — 1 ^ 1 -i -I T4 • · i (please Read the notes on the back and fill in this page V 1. A control system for connecting a converter probe, the converter is made to oscillate at a selected frequency and apply the oscillation to a transmission part, the control The system includes at least: an energy source for supplying a fixed preset power source; a converter, which is connected to the energy source to convert the electrical energy to an oscillation at a selected frequency and is connected to a transmission element It is capable of supporting a standing wave in the sleeve direction; a frequency ¥ adjustment device for measuring the frequency of the mechanical output of the converter on a track record; and changing the frequency by a selected amount above the selected frequency Or below; a current monitoring device to measure the current sent to the converter 'which monitors the current when the mechanical output is changed: and a frequency selector to set the selected frequency to The frequency of a maximum current. 2 _As in the first patent application The control system, in which the transmission element includes a wire. The Ministry of Economic Affairs t-Jun printed for the laborer's consumer cooperative 3. The control system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the transmission element includes a pole. 4. The control system as described in item (i) of the scope of patent application, wherein the energy generator is a 165 volt DC power supply. 3 Call back ten! {| A8 VI. Patent application scope in I I. 1 -----! '11 ..... I ΆΤ tm li — 1 ^ 1 -i -I T4 • · i (please Read the notes on the back and fill in this page V 1. A control system for connecting a converter probe, the converter is made to oscillate at a selected frequency and apply the oscillation to a transmission part, the control The system includes at least: an energy source for supplying a fixed preset power source; a converter, which is connected to the energy source to convert the electrical energy to an oscillation at a selected frequency and is connected to a transmission element It is capable of supporting a standing wave in the sleeve direction; a frequency ¥ adjustment device for measuring the frequency of the mechanical output of the converter on a track record; and changing the frequency by a selected amount above the selected frequency Or below; a current monitoring device to measure the current sent to the converter 'which monitors the current when the mechanical output is changed: and a frequency selector to set the selected frequency to The frequency of a maximum current. 2 _As in the first patent application The control system, in which the transmission element includes a wire. The Ministry of Economic Affairs t-Jun printed for the laborer's consumer cooperative 3. The control system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the transmission element includes a pole. 4. The control system as described in item (i) of the scope of the patent application, wherein the energy generator is a 165 volt DC power source. 30th paper size (CNS) thin) A8 B8 C8 D8 6. Scope of patent application 5. The control system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the converter is a piezoelectric converter. 6. The control system as described in item 1 of the patent application range, wherein the selected frequency is approximately 42 kHz. 7. The control system as described in item 6 of the patent application range, wherein the frequency is at most ± 500 Hz above and below the interesting frequency range. 8. The control system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the frequency adjusting device is a controller of a frequency conversion generator. 9. The control system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the current monitoring device is a transformer. 10. The control system according to item 1 of the scope of patent application, wherein the voltage measuring device 4 is a transformer. … Yin Fan, an employee consumer cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the notes on the back before filling this page), 1 1. The control system described in item 1 of the scope of patent application, where the frequency selector is a frequency Generator. 1 2. A method of controlling a probe, the probe comprising a transmission member and a converter for generating a mechanical oscillation and a standing wave on the transmission member, the method includes at least the following steps: 31st The paper size of this page applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) A8 B8 C8 D8 6. The scope of the patent application supplies energy to a converter coupled to a transmission line and generates a standing wave on the transmission; Changing the oscillating frequency on the transmission coupled to the converter by a selected amount; monitoring the current and voltage supplied to the converter; and determining the optimal frequency at which the result of the maximum current supplied to the converter can be obtained; and The converter is operated at the most turtle frequency. (Please read the note on the back before filling this page). Printed by the Bayer Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Page 32 This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210 × 297 mm).