經濟部中央椋準局貝工消费合作社印裝 A7 ---------B7五、發明説明（1 ) 本發明範圍 本發明大致有關於天線且特別是用於極化分極之天線系 統’更特別的是直接指向一天線系統被建置以分極運作於 第一及第二極化，及包括一轉換至第三及第四極化。 本發明背景 疫計天線運作於細胞式無線電話系統及個人通信系統 (PCS)係經常组態爲只服務單一細胞區段。此種天線常建置 爲面板式天線，因爲水平頻寬之控制較容易建置於面板組 態’因之使面板式天線接近理想區段細胞位置。 因爲細胞位置於細胞式及個人通信系統之應用，主要服 務於行動及可攜式用户’相關該細胞位置與用户單元間移 動必須予考慮。在市區環境，亦可爲區域内每一個細胞位 置其含蓋範圍較困難，因爲有高樓或其他障礙物。此種障 礙物可導致多重路徑傳輸及干擾。 一種解決此含蓋範圍困難之方法係提供分極接收。分極 才曰k供夕個天線用作該細胞式通信位置與該用户間通訊之 觀念。通常分極只爲接收路徑作準備，既使發射分極對解 決某種傳播問題卻也很有幫助。分極通常亦只提供於細胞 式通訊位置，但是多數行動通信用户經由提供多重車輛天 線實施分極接收。 於車輛上觀察該多重天線方式’通常是，一種空間式分極 。空間式分極係該數個天線自第三者之實際位移，用以提 供多重路徑通信信號。特殊交換安排是自數個天線之一提 供取樣信號並藉由應用預定信號品質矩陣以決定最佳信號。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標孪（CNS ) A4規格（210x 297公釐）~~~ ----— —I装------訂------崖 , - - * (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 _______B7 ___五、發明説明（2 ) 一旦發現該最佳信號，該天線與結合的該最佳信號作爲 接收，直到下個取樣及測試週期來臨。這些取樣及測試週 期在頻率間隔重複，通常只間隔數毫秒。雖然如上註解， 發射分極有時候被佔用，接收分極是最平凡不過了。當空 間式接收分極使用兩個天線，通常單一天線選作傳輸用， 而該雙天線依序取樣作爲較佳接收信號。 空間式分極係特別用於由多重路徑導致傳播問題的解決 ，只要在一天線消除干擾，而非在另一天線距該第一天線 短位移處。然而，空間式分極並未解決所有類型之傳播問 題0 其他類型之分極，諸如極化分極，可予帶入作解決其他 類之通信問題。當然，參考電場導向之橫向電磁場（TEM) 波爲地表極化。半波型雙極導向爲垂直地表會禁止垂直極 化，而該同樣雙極天線旋轉至平行地表被認爲是水平極化。 天線系統包括垂直及水平極化列爲細胞式及個人通信系 統（PCS)通信系統所認同。通常，該垂直極化列用作發射， 與提供垂直與水平陣列間分極交換方式供應分極化作爲接 收路徑。但是此組態並不提供某些類型通信單元之最佳含蓋。 用户使用可攜式通信單元常無視於天線通話方向性。那 些慣於在可攜式雙向無線電通信者如警察 '、消防人員等等 ，常會下意識地於無線電通信時，嘗試維持垂直天線導向 方式通信。對一般民眾則非，但是無論誰使用可攜式細胞 式及個人通信系統單元就只認爲是使用路上電話機一般不 -5- --------裝------訂------泉 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 本紙張尺度適用中國固象標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨Ο X 297公澄） A7 B7 五、發明説明（ ^道無線電通信發生像順序電話呼叫-樣，其發生及接 «使用其細胞式及個人通信系統"電話"―樣。 請 I 先I 閲 I 讀 背I 面 J 之 % I 事I 項.I 再」 填 I裝 頁 ，些使用者常以天線導向方位與地表呈C度角。這個角 二承_是現代可攜式單元自然設計考量角度。以該手機 …耳木在平；^通話位置’其天線方向約純度於水平面。 訂 極化分極-樣使用垂直及水平極化天線，事實上，解決 -有效數目之傳播問題。但是對通信用户人口數包括大量 的可攜式單几’分極化天線方位在正負45度角是非常有效 。、根據天線設計需求之上升，不但在垂直及水平分極化模 式或正負45度角分極化模式是非常有用，而且在垂直極化 模式傳輸無線電頻率信號，及正負45度角分極化模式接收 無線電頻率信號亦有用。此類天線自一極化方位至另一方 位應該很容易再组態，簡單且經濟於製造，及輕便牢固耐 用兼具塔上及建築物内外施工容易。 本發明概述 泉 經濟部中央標準局員工消f合作社印製 這些其他需要皆滿足本現行發明之天線，其包括一第一 型列天線具第一種極化，第二型列天線具第二種極化而又 不同於第一種極化及正交’其方法以轉換其第一及第二天 線列至第三及第四天線列之不同極化即與彼此正交而與第 一及第二極化不同。在本發明之一種形式中，第一列天線 是一垂直極化天線列，而第二天線列係一水平極化天線列。 依本發明之觀點，該方法用以轉換其第一及第二天線列 包括正交混成之極化》第一及第二極化係垂直及水平型而 第三及第四極化包括+45度極化及-45度極化。 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標绛（CNS ) Λ4規格（210X29?公f ) 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印繁 A7 B7 五、發明説明（4 ) 在本發明較佳具體實施例，該天線尚且包括_第_個基 板具有水平及垂直方位天線元件排列在那上面，及一第二 個基板自該第一個基板騰空，而第二個基板具有排列孔徑 於其第一面，及天線回饋線安排於其第二面，因此其回饋 線經該孔徑耦合其天線元件。 在本發明之一種形式中，該天線尚且包括一個突出導體 提供底板及具有另外安裝該第二個基板方法。該第一基板 係間隔隔開並保持實質與第二基板數個間隔空間對齊。該 突出可深入包括第一及第二相對擴充面板延伸其天線水平 頻寬。 該天線尚可包括濾波方法插入於該第二天線列與轉換極 化法間。該濾波法可包括—陶瓷塊混合頻帶濾波器。該天 線亦可包括一多工法具有第一路徑插入於該第一天線列與 轉換極化法間’及一第二路徑插入於該第一天線列與發射 信號間。 在一較佳形式，該多功器法包括一第一陶瓷塊混合頻帶 遽波器具有一第一中央頻率及耦合第二個陶瓷塊混合頻帶 濾波器具有第二中央頻率。該正交混成可包括一四埠網路 之四個四分之—波長微條傳輪線互連於矩形區。 在其他本發明之觀點，—天線組態用以分極運作及具有 一發射信號輸入連接器及兩個接收信號輸出連接器包括一 垂直接化天線列’一水平極化天線列，一正交混成具有第 一及第二輸入埠及第一及第二輸出埠，一帶通濾波插入於 其水平極化天線列及其第一輸入埠之正交混成間，及一多 -7- (請先閲讀背面之·.:i意事項再填艿本頁)Printed by A7 --------- B7 of Shellfish Consumer Cooperatives, Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of the invention (1) Scope of the invention The present invention relates generally to antennas, and particularly to antenna systems for polarized polarization. 'What's more special is that a direct-pointing antenna system is built to operate polarized in the first and second polarizations, and includes a transition to the third and fourth polarizations. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Epidemic antennas operating in cellular radiotelephone systems and personal communication systems (PCS) are often configured to serve only a single cell segment. This type of antenna is often built as a panel antenna, because the control of the horizontal bandwidth is easier to set in the panel configuration ', so that the panel antenna is closer to the cell position in the ideal section. Because cell locations are used in cellular and personal communication systems, the primary service is for mobile and portable users. The cell location and user unit movement must be considered. In urban environments, it is also difficult to locate the coverage area for each cell in the area because of high buildings or other obstacles. Such obstacles can cause multiple paths of transmission and interference. One solution to the difficulty of this covered range is to provide divided reception. The polarized antenna is used as a concept for communication between the cellular communication location and the user. Dipoles are usually only prepared for the receive path, and even if the dipoles are useful for solving some kind of propagation problem. Dipoles are usually only provided at cellular communication locations, but most mobile communication users implement dipole reception by providing multiple vehicle antennas. Observing the multiple antennas on a vehicle ’is usually a spatial polarization. The spatial polarization is the actual displacement of the antennas from a third party to provide multipath communication signals. The special switching arrangement is to provide a sampled signal from one of several antennas and determine a best signal by applying a predetermined signal quality matrix. This paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210x 297 mm) ~~~ ----—— --I installed ------ Order ------ Ya,--* (Please Read the notes on the back before filling this page) Printed by the Consumer Cooperatives of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 _______B7 ___ V. Description of the invention (2) Once the best signal is found, the antenna and the combined best signal are used as reception Until the next sampling and testing cycle. These sampling and testing cycles are repeated at frequency intervals, usually only a few milliseconds. Although noted above, the transmitting subpole is sometimes occupied, and the receiving subpole is the most trivial. When the space receiving sub-pole uses two antennas, usually a single antenna is selected for transmission, and the two antennas are sequentially sampled as a better received signal. The space type polarizing system is especially used for solving the propagation problem caused by multiple paths, as long as one antenna eliminates interference, instead of another antenna at a short displacement from the first antenna. However, spatial polarization does not solve all types of propagation problems. 0 Other types of polarization, such as polarized polarization, can be brought in to solve other types of communication problems. Of course, the transverse electric field (TEM) wave guided by the reference electric field is ground polarization. A half-wave dipole steered to a vertical ground surface would prohibit vertical polarization, and rotation of the same dipole antenna to a parallel ground surface would be considered horizontal polarization. Antenna systems including vertical and horizontal polarization are recognized by cellular and personal communication system (PCS) communication systems. Generally, the vertical polarization column is used for transmission, and the polarization polarization is provided as a receiving path by providing a polarization exchange method between vertical and horizontal arrays. However, this configuration does not provide the best coverage for certain types of communication units. Users often ignore the directivity of antenna calls when using portable communication units. Those who are accustomed to portable two-way radio communication such as police officers, firefighters, etc. often subconsciously try to maintain vertical antenna-oriented communication during radio communication. Not for the general public, but whoever uses portable cellular and personal communication system units is only considered to be using a telephone on the road. ----- Quan (Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) This paper size is applicable to the Chinese fixed image standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 〇 X 297 Gongcheng) A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (^ 道Radio communication takes place like a sequential telephone call. It takes place and takes place «using its cellular and personal communication system " phone "-like it. Please read it first, read it, and read %% of the following items. Fill in the page again, some users often use antenna-oriented azimuths to make a C-degree angle with the ground surface. This angle is a natural design consideration angle for modern portable units. With this phone ... the earpiece is flat; ^ the call position 'The antenna direction is about as pure as the horizontal plane. Ordering polarization and polarization-like using vertical and horizontal polarization antennas, in fact, to solve-the effective number of propagation problems. However, the population of communication users includes a large number of portable single-pole' dipoles Antenna orientation is very effective at plus or minus 45 degrees. Given the rising demand, not only is it useful in vertical and horizontal polarization modes or positive and negative 45-degree angle polarization modes, but it is also useful to transmit radio frequency signals in vertical polarization mode and receive radio frequency signals in positive and negative 45-degree angle polarization modes. This type of antenna should be easily reconfigurable from one polarization orientation to another, simple and economical to manufacture, and light and sturdy and durable, with easy construction on and outside of the tower. Summary of the invention Employees' cooperatives printed antennas that meet these other needs that meet the current invention. They include a first-row antenna with a first polarization, and a second-row antenna with a second polarization that is different from the first. Polarization and Orthogonal 'Its method is to convert the different polarizations of its first and second antenna rows to the third and fourth antenna rows, that is, orthogonal to each other and different from the first and second polarizations. In the present invention In one form, the first antenna row is a vertically polarized antenna row, and the second antenna row is a horizontally polarized antenna row. According to an aspect of the present invention, the method is used to convert the first and second antenna rows. Lines include orthogonally polarized polarizations. The first and second polarizations are vertical and horizontal, while the third and fourth polarizations include + 45 ° polarization and -45 ° polarization. This paper standard applies to Chinese national standards.绛 (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X29? Male f) Central Laboratories of Ministry of Economic Affairs Consumer Cooperatives Co., Ltd. Printing A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (4) In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the antenna further includes a _th_ substrate Antenna elements with horizontal and vertical orientations are arranged thereon, and a second substrate is vacated from the first substrate, and the second substrate has an array aperture on its first side, and an antenna feedback line is arranged on its second side Therefore, its feedback line couples its antenna element through the aperture. In one form of the present invention, the antenna further includes a protruding conductor providing a base plate and a method for additionally mounting the second substrate. The first substrate is spaced apart and kept substantially aligned with the space of the second substrate. The protrusion may further include the first and second expansion panels extending the horizontal bandwidth of the antenna. The antenna may further include a filtering method inserted between the second antenna array and the conversion polarization method. The filtering method may include a ceramic block mixed band filter. The antenna may also include a multiplexing method having a first path inserted between the first antenna array and the conversion polarization method 'and a second path inserted between the first antenna array and the transmitted signal. In a preferred form, the multiplier method includes a first ceramic-block mixed-band frequency band. The oscillator has a first central frequency and the second ceramic-block-mixed frequency band filter has a second central frequency. The orthogonal hybrid may include four quarter-wavelength microstrip transmission lines interconnected in a rectangular area of a four-port network. In other aspects of the present invention, the antenna is configured for polarized operation and has a transmitting signal input connector and two receiving signal output connectors including a vertically connected antenna array, a horizontally polarized antenna array, and an orthogonal hybrid. It has first and second input ports and first and second output ports, a band-pass filter is inserted between its horizontally polarized antenna array and its orthogonal input between the first input port, and a multi--7- (please read first On the back ...: I will fill in this page again.)
本紙張尺度適用中國园家標準（CNS) Λ4規格（ 210X297公釐） 五、發明説明（5 ) A7 B7 輸入埠，及-輸出淳，其多工插人於垂直 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印製 工具有雙向， ’叫w ’卞.穴夕工插入於垂直 極化天線列與第二輸入埠之正交混成間，因此該多工雙向 槔賴合至該天線列’該多工輪料&合至第：輸人琿之正 交混成，及該多工輸入埠耦合至發射信號輪入連接器之天 線。該正交混成第-輸出埠提供天線輸出信號具有+45度極 化’及該正交混成第二輸出埠提供天線輸出信號具有七产 極化。 夂 本現行發明尚具之物件，特微；3俱赴，；τ 苻欲及優點，由下列説明及圖 示，可一目了然。 圖式之簡單説明 圖1根據現行發明於方塊圖形式描述一種天線； 圖2係正交混成之俯視平面圖； 圖3係根據現行發明一部分天線之激發透視圖； 圖4係一電路板平面圖包括天線元件如圖"斤顯示； 圖5係根據現行發明電路板底視圖包括天線回饋電路； 圖6係圖5電路板之俯視平面圖； 圖7係圖3之天線部分裝配透視圖；及 圖8係圖3之天線端視圖。 本發明之詳細説明 根據現行發明，一天線與分極轉換係説明提供不同優點 δ 該先如技藝之天線比較。該發明最好參考所附圖示 以了解之。 圖1，解釋本現行發明之天線1〇〇，以方塊圖形式示之。 垂直極化天線列101係圖示具有天線元件1〇2與一水平極This paper scale applies the Chinese Garden Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (210X297 mm) 5. Description of the invention (5) A7 B7 input port, and-output Chun, its multiplexing is inserted in the shellfish consumption of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Vertical Economy Cooperative printing tools have two-way, 'called w' 卞. Xue Xiong is inserted between the orthogonally polarized antenna array and the orthogonal mix of the second input port, so the multiplex bidirectional connection is connected to the antenna array. Round material & complete: Orthogonal mixing of input signals, and the multiplex input port is coupled to the antenna of the transmitting signal round-in connector. The orthogonally mixed first-output port provides an antenna output signal with +45 degree polarization 'and the orthogonally mixed second output port provides an antenna output signal with seven-product polarization.物件 The present invention still has objects, special features; 3 all go, τ 苻 desire and advantages, can be seen at a glance from the following description and illustration. Brief description of the drawings Figure 1 depicts an antenna in the form of a block diagram according to the current invention; Figure 2 is a top plan view of an orthogonal hybrid; Figure 3 is an excited perspective view of an antenna according to the current invention; Figure 4 is a plan view of a circuit board including the antenna The components are shown in FIG. 5; FIG. 5 is a bottom view of a circuit board according to the current invention, including an antenna feedback circuit; FIG. 6 is a top plan view of the circuit board of FIG. 5; FIG. 7 is an assembly perspective view of the antenna of FIG. 3; Antenna end view of FIG. 3. Detailed description of the present invention According to the current invention, an antenna and a dipole conversion system provide different advantages. Δ This prior art antenna is compared. The invention is best understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 illustrates the antenna 100 of the present invention in a block diagram. The vertically polarized antenna column 101 is shown as having an antenna element 102 and a horizontal pole.
(請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 装 、1Τ 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 A7 ___________B7_' 五、發明説明（6 ) ~~~ 化列103，構成各別天線元件1〇4。在眾多系統裡，一這類 天線會應用於分極安排。與該垂直極化天線列1 〇 i用作發射 之用’及其垂直的與水平的極化列！ 01 1 〇3用於接收模式。 爲完成轉換，該天線100用正交混成轉換具有垂直及水平 極化的單一面板天線，進入一以等値極化之+45度及_45度 的天線系統’此乃特別有效之安排用以對系統具有非常大 數目之可攜性單元，及其使用中天線方位是少見的垂直。 該垂直及水平極化列101，103係連接如正交混成105所顯示 。vr亥/昆成1 〇 5係連接經一帶通滤波1 〇 6含蓋其接收天線系統 帶寬爲提供絕緣於發射及接收信號間及補償任何引起之相 失眞’當其垂直極化信號傳經一結合多工〗〇7。較佳地該帶 通濾波106係一陶瓷方塊山頂形帶通濾波，雖然其他類型之 濾波建置，諸如一微條線形濾波，或一洞穴帶通濾波，亦 能滿足。 該多工107係爲傳統設計及插入於其發射信號輸入連接器 108與其垂直極化列1 〇1間。其反向路徑經由該多工至混成 105之埠3。較佳地其多工可由一第一個陶瓷方塊梳形線帶 通遽波具有一第一中央頻率及耦合第二個陶瓷方塊梳形線 帶通濾波具有一第二中央頻率，所有根據其先前技藝。該 第一個中央頻率係該天線之發射頻率，但是其第二個中央 頻率是其接收頻率。該兩個濾波之連接點定義其多工之雙 向埠，與該輸入及輸出埠在各別第一及第二濾波之末端。 當然，其帶通濾波其形成多工亦可是微條線帶通濾波或洞 穴帶通滤波之例。 -9- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Λ4規格（2i〇x 297公楚） i--'装 ！ 訂 ^泉 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) A7 B7 經濟部中央梯準局負工消费合作社印製 五、發明説明（7 ) 該正交混成105是詳盡圖示於圖2。正交混成是熟知及一 般運作於下圖。該混成105是設計運作於系統其互連傳輸線 之特性阻抗（Z〇)爲50歐姆。該混成1〇5亦是較佳地設計區分 h號功率等於在輸出埠，因此其分項傳輪線段2〇1，2〇2是 設計具有一 50歐姆阻抗。其串列傳輸線區段2〇3，2〇4具有35 歐姆阻抗β每一個傳輸線區段201_204係四分之—波長電頻 率長度及用以知微條傳輸線技術建構之。該正交混成傳輸 線係互連如圖之幾何矩形。 在圖2之組感圖示，若一輸入信號應用於埠*，會棋合琿1 及埠2 ’但埠3會被隔離。因爲該混成係對稱的，若—輸入 信號應用於埠3 ’會耦合埠1及埠2，但埠4會被隔離。 用輸入信號應用於埠4，在埠2輸出信號會延後在埠丨之輸 出信號9〇度。用輸入信號應用於埠3，在埠2輸出信號會領 先在埠1之輸出信號90度。該相位轉移及取消是起因於9〇度 相位轉移由混成之互連四分之一波區段引起。 在本發明較佳具體實施例，本輸入信號埠4混成1 〇5是自 水平極化列103導出’而應用於埠3混成1 〇5之信號是自垂直 極化列101導出。此兩個輸入信號係彼此反相9〇度，藉蜂4 輸入之傳輸線四分之一波區段205感應一 90度相位轉移。 因爲圍繞正交混成105相位轉移，其在埠1之合成輸出信 號是在埠4及埠3輸入信號之總和。此因其應用至痒3及痒4 之輸入信號組件同相位於埠1輸出。其垂直極化輸入信號與 水平極化輸入信號總和係具有一 45度極化之信號。 該輸入信號之組件應用至埠3及璋4是與埠2爲180反相。 -10- 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2】0x297公楚) '~ (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝 、-° 泉 經濟部中央標準局員工消费合作社印製 A7 ------~_____B7 _ 五、發明説明（8 ) 因此在淳2之合成輸出信號不同於其垂直極化輸入信號及水 平極化輸入信號間，或換言之，_具有_45度極化信號。此 混成105之運作有效地轉換其接收信號極性，由其垂直及水 平極化天線列101，1〇3至+45度及-45度極性。 所應注意者’因爲多工其發射信號係只應用至其垂直極 化天線列’因之發射信號乃維持垂直極化。 如圖3-7所示，在本發明較佳天線形式，天線ι〇〇係一孔 徑辆合平面天線系統包括水平及垂直極化列兩者。該天線 兀件102, 104同用以水平及垂直極化列1〇1, ι〇3係矩形共振 元件排列於絕緣基板3 02即與之對齊，但以空間隔離，一基 板包括一電路板3 01其由回館線及孔徑组成。 基板302包括天線元件102, 1〇4係較佳形式自一聚氣乙烯 (pvc)薄板約〇.〇62英寸厚，用以天線元件ι〇2,104排列其中。 較佳天線元件102, 104存放在PVC基板302用一銀基導體墨 水以篩選處理，然而其他存放天線元件方法亦可接受。 每一組天線元件102，1 〇4結合一特定列内天線，及每個天 線元件102以其垂直極化天線列1 0丨相符，如每個天線元件 104以其水平極化天線列1〇3。如註明，其天線元件1 02以其 垂直極化列101及其天線元件1 〇4以其水平極化天線列1 〇3沿 其基板3〇2長度，與另一個交替使用。 每一個天線元件102以垂直極化天線列1 〇丨包括一中央矩 形共振元件702，大小可爲共振於天線列1 〇〗之上限頻率範 圍附近，每邊平坦以兩大型矩形共振元件701設計共振於低 頻限附近之天線列通頻帶。 -11- 本纸張尺度適用中關家標洋（CNS )从规格（2丨〇><297公疫) ' '' --------f 裝------訂------；矣： (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填荇本頁) 五、發明説明（ A7 B7 經濟部中央橾準局負工消费合作社印製 註明··本下部電路板301在天線系統（如圖5及6所示）包括天 線回饋線801，802及孔徑401，402用以耦合至天線元件ι〇2 104形成實際天線列1〇1，103 ^本下部基板或電路板3〇1係較 佳之光纖維玻璃充添的鐵膚龍物質具有約〇 〇62英寸厚。其 回饋電路排列在電路板301邊緣係靠近突出物3〇3之背部。 突出物303提供天線系統背部及支撑結構兩者保持組件電路 板於固定對齊位置。 回饋線801，802係傳統式設計，其配置用以知微條傳輪線 技術。其長度傳輸線選擇提供適當像位關係於其天線元件 102, 104間及於水平垂直極化天線列1011〇2間。每—天線 回饋線801，802是橫向與在對邊之電路板3〇1上之麵形孔押 401，402對齊。該電路板301邊上矩形孔徑401，4〇2之形成實 質上含蓋有銅或其他導體’其已在選擇區域内移除者，以 蝕雕程序較佳以形成矩形孔徑4〇 1，402即是實質上缺乏的不 存在的導體。 特別由圖4-6檢查得感謝孔徑401，402係橫向並根據回饋 線801，802與其天線元件102, 104兩者導向。使用垂直極化 天線列101爲例，該回饋線801及其天線元件1〇2實質上是彼 此平行，並且對齊以致其縱向軸回饋線8〇1實質上與其内部 共振凡件702縱向軸重合。由於空間受限，該水平極化天線 元件1〇4用回饋線802，包括9〇度彎曲線路，，不會影響運作 因爲該彎曲發生於回饋線802末端與其相對孔徑4〇2之最近 契邊間《該傳輸線802之一部分當作_斷枝，幫助補償孔徑 402及天線το件104兩者耦合成爲自感係數，因而導致爲每 -12- M氏張尺度制巾關家鮮（CNS ) Λ4規格（2|Qx297/j^y f請先閱讀背兩之注意事孕再填巧本頁j 裝(Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) Assembly, 1T printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs A7 ___________B7_ 'V. Description of the invention (6) ~~~ Chemical column 103, which constitutes each antenna element 1〇 4. In many systems, this type of antenna is used in a polarized arrangement. And this vertically polarized antenna array 10i is used for transmission 'and its vertical and horizontal polarization arrays! 01 1 〇3 is used in receive mode. In order to complete the conversion, the antenna 100 uses a orthogonal hybrid to convert a single panel antenna with vertical and horizontal polarization. It enters an antenna system with equal polarizations of +45 degrees and _45 degrees. This is a particularly effective arrangement for It has a very large number of portability units for the system and its antenna orientation is rarely vertical in use. The vertical and horizontal polarized columns 101, 103 are connected as shown by the orthogonal hybrid 105. The vr / kuncheng 105 series is connected by a bandpass filter 1 06 including the bandwidth of the receiving antenna system to provide insulation between the transmitted and received signals and to compensate for any phase loss caused when the vertically polarized signal passes through a Combining Multiplex 〖〇7. Preferably, the band-pass filter 106 is a ceramic square-topped band-pass filter, although other types of filtering, such as a microstrip linear filter or a cave band-pass filter, can also be satisfied. The multiplexer 107 is a conventional design and is inserted between its transmitting signal input connector 108 and its vertical polarization column 101. Its reverse path passes through this multiplex to port 3 of the hybrid 105. Preferably, its multiplexing can be performed by a first ceramic square comb line bandpass chirp wave having a first central frequency and coupled with a second ceramic square comb line bandpass filter having a second central frequency, all according to its previous skill. The first center frequency is the transmission frequency of the antenna, but its second center frequency is its reception frequency. The connection points of the two filters define their multiplexed bidirectional ports, and the input and output ports are at the ends of the respective first and second filters. Of course, its bandpass filtering and its multiplexing can also be examples of microstrip line bandpass filtering or cave bandpass filtering. -9- This paper size applies to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) Λ4 specification (2i0x 297 Gongchu) i-'Pack! Order ^ Quan (Please read the notes on the back before filling out this page) A7 B7 Printed by the Central Consumers ’Association of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and Consumer Cooperatives V. Description of Invention (7) The orthogonal hybrid 105 is shown in Figure 2 in detail. Orthogonal blending is well known and generally works as shown below. The hybrid 105 is designed to operate in a system where the characteristic impedance (Zo) of the interconnected transmission line is 50 ohms. The hybrid 105 is also better designed to distinguish the power of the h number in the output port, so its segmented transmission line segment 201, 202 is designed to have a 50 ohm impedance. Its tandem transmission line sections 203 and 204 have a 35 ohm impedance β. Each transmission line section 201_204 is a quarter-wavelength electrical frequency length and is used to know the construction of microstrip transmission line technology. The orthogonal hybrid transmission lines are interconnected as shown in the geometric rectangle. In the group sense diagram in Fig. 2, if an input signal is applied to port *, qi 1 and port 2 'will be combined but port 3 will be isolated. Because the hybrid is symmetrical, if the input signal is applied to port 3, it will couple port 1 and port 2, but port 4 will be isolated. The input signal is applied to port 4. The output signal at port 2 will be delayed by 90 ° from the output signal at port 丨. Apply the input signal to port 3, and the output signal at port 2 will lead the output signal at port 1 to 90 degrees. The phase shift and cancellation are caused by 90 degrees. The phase shift is caused by a mixed interconnected quarter-wave segment. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the input signal port 4 mixed into 105 is derived from the horizontally polarized column 103 'and the signal applied to port 3 mixed into 105 is derived from the vertically polarized column 101. The two input signals are 90 degrees out of phase with each other, and a quarter wave section 205 of the transmission line input by the bee 4 induces a 90 degree phase shift. Because of the phase shift around the orthogonal mix 105, the composite output signal at port 1 is the sum of the input signals at port 4 and port 3. This is because the input signal components applied to Itch 3 and Itch 4 are in phase and are located at port 1 output. The sum of its vertically polarized input signal and horizontally polarized input signal is a 45-degree polarized signal. The input signal component is applied to port 3 and port 4 and is 180 phase-inverted to port 2. -10- This paper size applies to Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2) 0x297 Gongchu) '~ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page),-° Spring Consumer Cooperatives, Central Standards Bureau, Ministry of Economic Affairs Print A7 ------ ~ _____ B7 _ V. Description of the invention (8) Therefore, the composite output signal of Chun 2 is different from its vertically polarized input signal and horizontally polarized input signal, or in other words, _ 有 _45 Degree polarized signal. The operation of this hybrid 105 effectively reverses the polarities of its received signals from its vertically and horizontally polarized antenna array 101, 103 to +45 degrees and -45 degrees of polarity. It should be noted that because the multiplexed signal is applied only to its vertically polarized antenna array, the transmitted signal maintains vertical polarization. As shown in Fig. 3-7, in the preferred antenna form of the present invention, the antenna ιOO is a hole-diameter planar antenna system including both horizontal and vertical polarization columns. The antenna elements 102, 104 are aligned with the horizontal and vertical polarizing lines 101, ι3 and rectangular resonance elements arranged on the insulating substrate 302, which is aligned with it, but separated by space. A substrate includes a circuit board 3 01 It is composed of a return line and an aperture. The substrate 302 includes the antenna elements 102, 104. The preferred form is about 0.062 inches thick from a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) sheet, and the antenna elements 102,104 are arranged therein. The preferred antenna elements 102, 104 are stored on a PVC substrate 302 with a silver-based conductor ink for screening treatment, but other methods of storing antenna elements are also acceptable. Each group of antenna elements 102, 104 is combined with a specific in-row antenna, and each antenna element 102 matches with its vertically polarized antenna row 10, such as each antenna element 104 with its horizontally polarized antenna row 1 3. As noted, its antenna element 102 is used alternately with its vertically polarized array 101 and its antenna element 104 is horizontally polarized with its antenna array 103 along the length of its substrate 300. Each antenna element 102 includes a central rectangular resonance element 702 with a vertically polarized antenna array 10, which can be sized to resonate near the upper frequency range of the antenna array 10, and each side is flat with two large rectangular resonance elements 701 designed to resonate. The pass band of the antenna is near the low frequency limit. -11- This paper size is applicable to Zhongguanjiabiaoyang (CNS) from the specifications (2 丨 〇 < 297 public epidemic) '' -------- f Packing ------ Order-- ----; 矣: (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) 5. Description of the invention (A7 B7 Printed by the Central Consumers ’Association of the Ministry of Economic Affairs and the Consumers’ Cooperatives · This lower circuit board 301 is on the antenna The system (as shown in Figures 5 and 6) includes antenna feedback lines 801, 802 and apertures 401, 402 to couple to the antenna elements ι104, to form the actual antenna array 101, 103 ^ the lower substrate or circuit board 3. The Teflon substance filled with the better optical fiber glass of the 1 series has a thickness of about 0.0062 inches. The feedback circuit is arranged on the edge of the circuit board 301 near the back of the protrusion 303. The protrusion 303 provides the back of the antenna system and support Both structures keep the component circuit board in a fixed alignment position. The feedback lines 801 and 802 are traditional designs, and their configuration is used to know the micro strip transmission line technology. The length of the transmission line selection provides the appropriate image position relationship with its antenna elements 102, 104. And horizontally and vertically polarized antenna arrays between 1011 and 02. Each—antenna feedback lines 801, 802 are horizontal and vertical. The face-shaped holes on the opposite side of the circuit board 301 are aligned with 401, 402. The rectangular apertures 401, 402 on the side of the circuit board 301 are substantially covered with copper or other conductors, which are already in the selection area The remover, it is better to use the etching process to form a rectangular aperture 401, 402, which is a substantially absent non-existent conductor. Especially check from Figure 4-6. Thanks to the aperture 401, 402 is transverse and according to the feedback line 801 , 802 and its antenna elements 102, 104 are guided. Using the vertically polarized antenna array 101 as an example, the feedback line 801 and its antenna element 102 are substantially parallel to each other and aligned so that their longitudinal axis feedback line 801 Substantially coincides with the longitudinal axis of its internal resonance element 702. Due to space constraints, the horizontally polarized antenna element 104 uses a feedback line 802, including a 90-degree curved line, which will not affect operation because the bending occurs on the feedback line Between the end of 802 and the nearest edge of its relative aperture of 402, "a part of the transmission line 802 is treated as a _branching, which helps to compensate the coupling of the aperture 402 and the antenna το 104 to become a self-inductance coefficient, which results in Guan Zhangxian CNS) Λ4 specification (2 | Qx297 / j ^ y f
'1T 泉'1T Spring
.....I - HI 1 - I 經濟部中央榡準局男工消费合作社印製 A 7 ______—__ B7 五、發明説明（l〇 ) " " ~^ 個天線元件1〇4之一實際輸入阻抗。 孔徑耦合方法是天線元件102,104形成該天線之放射元件 並70全自其回饋線隔離。自回饋線僞造放射並不會降低波 瓣（Lobe)之位準或増加交又極化a爲於該回饋線與該天線 元件間之適當核合’該孔徑4〇1，402較有興趣頻帶之共振尺 寸造得稍大些。當然孔徑共振不能離天線通帶太遠，否則 會導致核合不足。在本發明較佳具體實施例，該孔徑4〇1， 402約爲54.6毫米長及約12 2毫米寬。 要感謝該正交混成丨05係實現微條傳輸線在該積体3〇1之 同一平面，包括回饋線801，8〇2(圖5)。雖然該濾波器1〇6及 多工器107並未於圖5所示，爲要清鼕起見，有意將濾波器 106及多工器1〇7機械式架設於正交混成1〇5附近與電器設施 連接。當然’這些組件的其他架設上偶發事故也照樣可工 作。 右期望提供具有垂直及水平極化分極之天線系統，該濾 波器106及多工器1〇7可簡易地自其天線1〇〇排除，而其正交 混成105可由裝設同軸電纜跳線旁路之。因此該天線1〇〇易 於再組態爲垂直及水平極化分極。 現轉向圖7及圖8’突出物303係自一導體較佳建構具有良 好結構特性但是重量相當輕，諸如鋁者。卡槽3〇7較佳地提 供適應其内邵電路板301。該PVC電路板3 〇2與其天線元件 102, 104 ’自其内邵電路板3 〇丨保持間距及藉一串聯非導體 間隔，適當調整天線（在圖3及8之304)可由尼龍製造。該兩 塊电路板301，302較佳維護實質上平行另一個於空間約 -13- 本紙張尺度通用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公餐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝..... I-HI 1 -I Printed by A 7 ______—__ B7, Male Workers Consumer Cooperatives, Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs V. Description of the Invention (l〇) " " ~ ^ antenna elements 1104 -Actual input impedance. The aperture coupling method is such that the antenna elements 102, 104 form the radiating element of the antenna and 70 are isolated from its feedback line. Forged emissions from self-feedback lines do not lower the lobe level or cross-talk and polarization a is the proper union between the feedback line and the antenna element. The aperture 401,402 is more of an interest band. The resonance size is made slightly larger. Of course, the aperture resonance cannot be too far from the antenna passband, otherwise it will cause insufficient nucleation. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the apertures 401, 402 are approximately 54.6 mm long and approximately 12 2 mm wide. We would like to thank the orthogonal hybrid 05 system for realizing the microstrip transmission line on the same plane of the integrated product 301, including the feedback lines 801, 802 (Fig. 5). Although the filter 106 and the multiplexer 107 are not shown in FIG. 5, for the sake of clear winter, the filter 106 and the multiplexer 107 are intentionally mechanically erected near the orthogonal hybrid 105. Connect with electrical facilities. Of course, other accidents in the erection of these components also work. The right is expected to provide an antenna system with vertical and horizontal polarization splitting. The filter 106 and multiplexer 107 can be easily eliminated from its antenna 100, and its orthogonal hybrid 105 can be installed next to the coaxial cable jumper. The road. Therefore, the antenna 100 can be easily reconfigured as a vertically and horizontally polarized dipole. Turning now to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 ', the protrusion 303 is a better structure from a conductor but has good structural characteristics but is relatively light weight, such as aluminum. The card slot 307 preferably provides a circuit board 301 adapted to it. The PVC circuit board 3 〇2 and its antenna elements 102, 104 ′ maintain a distance from the inner circuit board 3 〇 丨 and borrow a series of non-conductor intervals to properly adjust the antenna (304 in Figures 3 and 8) can be made of nylon. The two circuit boards 301, 302 are better maintained substantially parallel to the other space of about -13- This paper size is common Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 meal) (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this Page)
-1T 泉 -f I « ϋ - i . A7 B7 五、發明説明（u 0.625英寸之間距。 &在較佳形式内，其天線系統具有水平電波寬度約列度。 爲達成此％波寬度，擴充面板3()5, 3。6之導電物質由突出物 3〇3其中〈―邊排列。這些擴充面板3〇5,306作爲延伸地平 面近似其内部電路板3G1，有助於減少後背波瓣放射及擴充 主波瓣以致該3分貝電波寬度達到9G度。既^無此翼型擴充 面板305, 306，該天線系統具有3分貝水平電波寬度達到η 度之倍數。 此處已説明了當—分極轉換天線系統與先前技藝比較時 ，分極轉換天線提供了明顯的優點。對熟諳此藝者而言， 可逕行酌予修改而不悖逆本發明之精神及範圍。因此本發 明並典意限制，除了可能有必要於申請專利範圍中予以考 慮修改。 II —1 I- —1 · I -衣-- -« {請先閣讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部中央標準扃貝工消t合作社印裝 -14- 本纸乐尺度適用中國國家標牟（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公楚）-1T spring-f I «ϋ-i. A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (u 0.625 inch pitch. &Amp; In a preferred form, its antenna system has a horizontal radio wave width of about degree. To achieve this% wave width, The conductive material of the expansion panel 3 () 5, 3.6 is arranged by the <-> side of the protrusion 303. These expansion panels 3305,306 serve as an extension ground plane to approximate their internal circuit board 3G1, which helps reduce back lobe radiation And the main lobe is expanded so that the 3 dB radio wave width reaches 9G degrees. Without this airfoil expansion panel 305, 306, the antenna system has a 3 dB horizontal radio wave width that reaches a multiple of η degrees. Here has been explained when the -dipole When the switching antenna system is compared with the prior art, the polarized switching antenna provides obvious advantages. For those skilled in the art, modifications can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not intended to limit, except It may be necessary to consider amendments in the scope of patent application. II —1 I- —1 · I-clothing--«{Please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) Set the central standard of the Ministry of Economic Affairs t cooperative print -1 4- This paper music scale is applicable to China National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210X297)