五 〇22544、發明説明（/ A7 B7 發明範面 本發明描述一種極具效率的方法，用以處理傳輸資料要求，以符合 在媒體隨選伺服器系統的服務品質。特別是能夠以動態的程式規畫 計時器，以控制從伺服器傳至用户端的資料傳輸速率，以符合服務 品質標準。 發明背景 本發明是應用在網路環境的媒體隨選系統（如圖一）。在囷一中， 媒體隨選系統10包含媒體隨選伺服器7，及透過傳輸媒介8，連 接到多個用户端5。媒體隨選系統10主要應用於區域網路、廣域 網路或單機系統中的視訊儲存系統。視訊儲存系統用以提供存取動 態視訊檔案。例如，在單機系統中，動態视訊檔案讀自資料儲存系 統，而播放於本機的螢幕中。 經濟部中央樣準肩員工消費合作社印製 儲存動態視訊樓案的視訊儲存系統是連接到媒體隨選伺服器7。基 本上，視訊鍺存系統是由硬碟儲存系統所構成。然而，亦可以由其 他的儲存系統構成，諸如：磁帶、可讀寫光碟、唯讀光碟等等。用 户端5會同時的來要求播放儲存於硬碟系統的動態視訊檔案（或將 動態視訊樓案寫入於硬碟系統）。如前所述，本發明亦可應用於單 機系統中，動態視訊資料檔案讀自資料儲存系統，而播放於本機 螢幕中。 在媒雜隨選系統10，任何的用户端5都可選取任何想看的動態視 說樓案。㈣隨勒服器7透路_將補視訊檔案傳輸出 去。這些動態視訊樓案包括電影、電視節目、家庭講物、交談式的 商業行為、以及各種的商業資訊，如動態視訊的房地產資訊。50422544. Description of the invention (/ A7 B7 Scope of the invention) The present invention describes a highly efficient method for processing data transmission requirements to meet the quality of service in a media on-demand server system. In particular, it can use dynamic programs Planning a timer to control the data transmission rate from the server to the client to meet the service quality standards. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The present invention is a media on-demand system applied in a network environment (see Figure 1). In Figure 1, The media on-demand system 10 includes a media on-demand server 7 and is connected to multiple clients 5 through a transmission medium 8. The media on-demand system 10 is mainly used in a video storage system in a local area network, a wide area network, or a stand-alone system. The video storage system is used to provide access to dynamic video files. For example, in a stand-alone system, the dynamic video files are read from the data storage system and played on the screen of the local machine. Printed and stored by the Central People ’s Ministry of Economic Affairs The video storage system of the dynamic video building is connected to the media on-demand server 7. Basically, the video germanium storage system is a hard disk storage system However, it can also be composed of other storage systems, such as: magnetic tape, readable and writable discs, read-only discs, etc. Client 5 will simultaneously request to play the dynamic video file stored in the hard disk system (or The video building project is written on the hard disk system.) As mentioned above, the present invention can also be applied to a stand-alone system, where dynamic video data files are read from the data storage system and played on the local screen. 10. Any user terminal 5 can select any dynamic video floor plan that you want to see. (4) Follow the server 7 through_transmit the supplementary video files. These dynamic video floor plans include movies, TV programs, and family lectures. , Conversational business behavior, and various business information, such as dynamic video real estate information.
322544 A? ______B7五、發明説明（ 經濟部中央樣準局貝工消費合作社印袋 在提供動態視訊檔案的媒體隨選伺服器7 ,會整合多種的服務品質 標準。例如，在非同步傳輸模式（ATM )系統中，服務品質^準 設定有效能需求、資料封包大小、封包傳輸延遲時間等等。 為了符合效能的需求，媒體隨選伺服器必須能夠很有彈性的分配系 統資源。這些系統資源包含磁碟系統存取頻寬，網路頻寬等等。^ 體隨選伺服器的系統資源管理程式，根據數種既定的服務品質標 準，來分配系統資源。當一有播放動態視訊檔案的要求時，系統資 源管理程式便啓動一系列的執行工作。 首先，系統資源管理程式作資源分析，得到目前的可用資源資訊。 接下來，系統資源管理程式做資源分配最佳化，如果必要的話，還 會做資源重新分配。最後，系統資源管理程式分配資源以支應新需 求，並更新系統的可用資源資訊表。 能夠很平順地播放動態視訊檔案，是媒體隨選系統的首要工作。換 句話説，相鄰資料傳輸的間隔時間必須限定在某一特定時間之内。 否則，聲音及影像便會中斷而造成影像播放斷斷續續的現象。傳統 的系統演算法都必須依靠即時作業系統以達成上述的要求。 提供平順地播放動態視訊標案的功能，基本上有兩種作法。第一種 作法，是將動態視訊檔案的擺放做最佳化的調整。特別是以一種分 散階層式的儲存系統來存放檔案。磁碟系統的輸出入頻宽藉著將資 料打散存放來提昇。並且將有關係的資料群组起來擺放，以縮短硬 碟讀寫頭的搜尋時間。第二種方法，則不是將動態視訊檔案的擺放 做特別的調整，而是靠特定的磁碟排程演算法來達成目的。 4 本紙浪尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4规格（2丨0乂297公釐） (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（ 種方法，都不_全保聽娜合韻隨選系統的服 ^質標準。而且，其演算法不但複雜而且耗時。由於這些缺點， ^們想简的方法，能以最_且有效率的方法，來達成媒雅 隨選系統的服務品質標準。 發明摘要 我們用一组計時器來控制動態視訊檔案的傳輸速率，每一個傳輸中 動態視訊樓案都各自有一個計時器相對應。將動態視訊檔案的傳輸 速率控制，由傳統軟髗演算法移到硬體計時器。如此一來，軟體演 算法得以精簡，程式的運算速度得以加快。在動態視訊檔案傳輸的 過程中，隨時會有訊息將位於用户端緩衝區的使用情形，告知媒趙 隨選伺服器。讓媒雜隨選祠服器得以知道，用户端緩衝區内的資料 是快空了，抑或即將滿了。當媒體隨選伺服器收到這類的訊息時， 可以動態的設定計時器，改變動態視訊檔案的傳輸速率。另外，不 同的計時器可以被設定成不同的速率，使得媒體隨選伺服器可以同 時動態視訊檔案出不同傳輸速率要求的動態視訊檔案。 當媒體隨選伺服器收到播放動態視訊樓案的要求時，便會每隔一個 固定的時間，自磁碟儲存系統讀出一部份樓案資料，並由網路系統 將此份檔案資料動態視訊檔案出去。如此一來，一個固定傳輸速率 要求的動態視訊檔案得以動態視訊檔案出去，且傳輸速率得以保 證。値得注意的是，每個動態視訊檔案可以有不同的傳輸速率要 求。藉由各個動態視訊檔案，各有一個計時器來控制其傳輸速率， 便可以達成這個功能0 表紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS)A4规格（2丨0X297公釐） f------IT------0 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) S22544 A7 B7五、發明説明（f) 經濟部中央梂準局貝工消费合作社印掣 總而言之，藉由硬體計時器，媒體隨選伺服器系統的服務品質可以 很容易的被製作出來。而且，這個製作方式在觀念上基本是與作業 系統無關的。它可以很容易的在各個不同的作業系統中製作出來。 減低軟體運算工作量’增加系統效率。同時，可以很輕易的提供不 同傳輸速率要求的動態視訊檔案。圖形簡介 圖一，勾勒出媒體隨選系統由媒體隨選伺服器、傳輸媒介以及多 個用户端所組成。 圖二A及圖二B，為本發明的流程圖。 圖三，描述磁碟驅動程式與計時器驅動程式（用以製作媒雜隨選系 統的服務品質標準）的關係圖。 圖四，描述網路驅動程式與計時器堪動程式（用以製作媒體隨選系 統的服^務品質標準）的關係囷。 本發明的細部動作播述 圖二A及圖二B顯示出讀取及動態視訊播案一個動態視訊檔案的 流程圖。在步驟20中，一個用户要求播放動態視訊檔案(如電影）。 在此同時，亦會將有關動態視訊檔案的傳輸速率要求，告知媒體隨 選伺服器。在步驟25中，媒體隨選伺服器系統會自計時器陣列12 中（見圖3及圖4)，配置一個計時器用以控制此動態視訊樓案的 讀取及傳輸速率。 計時器陣列系統包含三個暫存器：控制暫存器、索引暫存器、資料 暫存器。媒體隨選伺服器系統透過控制暫存器下命令、索引暫存器 選取計時器、資料暫存器設定計時器的設定値。藉由這些暫存器， __ 6 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 訂 線 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（ CNS ) A4規格（2丨0X297公釐j 322544 一· — — -五、發明説明（/) A7 B7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 媒體隨選伺服器系統得以提供類似錄放影機的播放、暫停、停止、 快速前轉、以及快速後轉等功能。 在步騾30中，媒體隨選伺服器系統設定好所配置的計時器。當計 時器被設定之後，動態視訊檔案便開始傳輸了。在傳輸當中，藉著 動態調整計時器，便可以改變動態視訊檔案的傳輸速率。在此，動 態視訊檔案的傳輸速率要求，可設定為兩種傳輸速率標準之一：一 為MPEG1，一為MPEG2。在步騾35中，計時器會自動倒數，最 後會數到零。當計時器數到零時，其相對應的狀態位元（位於狀態 暫存器13，見圖3及圖4 )便會被設成1。此時，一個硬趙插斷 會發生，而媒體隨選伺服器系統便自硬碟儲存系統讀取一筆檔案資 料，並由網路系統傳送出去。 在步驟40中，媒體隨選伺服器系統内的計時器插斷的插斷服務程 式會將計時器狀態暫存器13的値載入。在步驟45中，如果至少有 一個計時器狀態位元値是丨，則執行步驟5〇，否則跳至步驟4〇 β 當插斷服務程式完成工作後，會發出Ε〇Ι (插斷結束訊號），將 計時器狀態暫存器13清除成，〇,。當插斷服務程式完成工作，且發 出EOI之後，如果又有新的插斷發生，會再度啓動插斷服務程 的執行。 彳'麟每個動態減贼_輸絲，_成數個 子傳輸要求（例如，長度* 64kb )。於步驟⑻中，啓動 心計時器倒數到零，插斷訊號便發生，如步驟65。系統 :呼叫硬碟驅動模组！ ！讀取資料（如步驟7〇 )，以及呼^路 傳輸資料(如步驟％ )，來完成用户端的動態視訊標322544 A? ______B7 Fifth, the invention description (The Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Pricing and Printing Co., Ltd. Beigong Consumer Cooperative prints the media on-demand server 7 that provides dynamic video files, and will integrate a variety of service quality standards. In the ATM) system, the quality of service ^ accurately sets the effective performance requirements, data packet size, packet transmission delay time, etc. In order to meet the performance requirements, the media on-demand server must be able to flexibly allocate system resources. These system resources include Disk system access bandwidth, network bandwidth, etc. ^ The system resource management program of the on-demand server allocates system resources according to several established quality of service standards. When there is a request to play dynamic video files At this time, the system resource management program starts a series of execution tasks. First, the system resource management program performs resource analysis to obtain the current available resource information. Next, the system resource management program optimizes resource allocation, and if necessary, also Will reallocate resources. Finally, the system resource management program allocates resources to meet new needs , And update the system's available resource information table. The ability to play dynamic video files smoothly is the primary job of the media on-demand system. In other words, the interval between adjacent data transmissions must be limited to a specific time. Otherwise , Sound and video will be interrupted, resulting in intermittent video playback. Traditional system algorithms must rely on real-time operating systems to meet the above requirements. To provide the function of smoothly playing dynamic video bids, there are basically two methods. The first method is to optimize the placement of dynamic video files. In particular, a distributed hierarchical storage system is used to store the files. The input and output bandwidth of the disk system is stored by breaking up the data. Improve. And group related data together to shorten the search time of the hard disk read and write head. The second method is not to make special adjustments to the placement of dynamic video files, but to rely on specific magnetic A disk scheduling algorithm is used to achieve the goal. 4 This paper wave scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0 侂 297mm) (please first Read the precautions on the back and fill out this page) Set the printed version of the five invention descriptions printed by the Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Its algorithm is not only complicated and time-consuming. Because of these shortcomings, we think that the simplest method can achieve the service quality standard of the media-elegant system with the most efficient method. Summary of the Invention We use a set of timers To control the transmission rate of dynamic video files, each dynamic video building has a timer corresponding to each transmission. The transmission rate control of dynamic video files is moved from the traditional soft algorithm to the hardware timer. In the future, software algorithms have been streamlined, and the calculation speed of the program has been accelerated. During the transmission of dynamic video files, there will be messages at any time to inform the media server on the use of the buffer in the client. Let the media server server know that the data in the client buffer is almost empty, or it will soon be full. When the media on-demand server receives such a message, it can dynamically set a timer to change the transmission rate of the dynamic video file. In addition, different timers can be set to different rates, so that the media on-demand server can simultaneously output dynamic video files with different transmission rate requirements for dynamic video files. When the media on-demand server receives the request to play the dynamic video building plan, it will read out a part of the building plan data from the disk storage system at a fixed time, and the network system will copy the file data Dynamic video files go out. In this way, a dynamic video file with a fixed transmission rate can be exported, and the transmission rate can be guaranteed. It should be noted that each dynamic video file can have different transmission rate requirements. Each dynamic video file has a timer to control its transmission rate, and this function can be achieved. 0 Table paper scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specifications (2 丨 0X297mm) f ------ IT ------ 0 (Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) S22544 A7 B7 V. Description of the invention (f) Printed by the Central Bureau of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Beigong Consumer Cooperative. In summary, by hardware timing The service quality of the server and media on-demand server system can be easily produced. Moreover, the concept of this production method is basically independent of the operating system. It can be easily produced in various operating systems. Reduce software computing workload ’and increase system efficiency. At the same time, it can easily provide dynamic video files with different transmission rate requirements. Graphic introduction Figure 1, outline the media on-demand system consists of media on-demand server, transmission media and multiple clients. Figure 2A and Figure 2B are flowcharts of the present invention. Figure 3 depicts the relationship between the disk driver and the timer driver (the quality of service standard used to create the media on-demand system). Figure 4 depicts the relationship between the network driver and the timer activation program (used to create a service quality standard for media on-demand systems). Detailed action broadcast of the present invention Figures 2A and 2B show a flow chart of reading and dynamic video broadcasting of a dynamic video file. In step 20, a user requests to play a dynamic video file (such as a movie). At the same time, the media on-demand server will also be notified of the transmission rate requirements for dynamic video files. In step 25, the media on-demand server system will configure a timer from the timer array 12 (see FIGS. 3 and 4) to control the reading and transmission rate of this dynamic video building project. The timer array system includes three registers: control register, index register, and data register. The media on-demand server system sets the setting value of the timer by controlling commands in the register, selecting the index register, and selecting the timer in the data register. With these registers, __ 6 (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page). The paper size of the binding book is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0X297mm j 322544 1 · — —-5 Description of invention (/) A7 B7 The Printed Media On-demand server system of the Employees ’Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs can provide functions like playback, pause, stop, fast forward, and fast reverse of recorders. In mule 30, the media on-demand server system sets the configured timer. After the timer is set, the dynamic video file starts to be transmitted. During the transmission, the dynamic video file can be changed by dynamically adjusting the timer The transmission rate of the dynamic video file can be set to one of two transmission rate standards: one for MPEG1 and one for MPEG2. In step 35, the timer will automatically count down and finally count to Zero. When the timer reaches zero, its corresponding status bit (located in the status register 13, see Figure 3 and Figure 4) will be set to 1. At this time, a hard Zhao interruption will occur , And the media on-demand server system reads a file of data from the hard disk storage system and sends it out through the network system. In step 40, the interrupt service program for the timer in the media on-demand server system is interrupted The value of the timer status register 13 will be loaded. In step 45, if at least one timer status bit value is 丨, step 5 is executed, otherwise skip to step 40. When the service program is interrupted After finishing the work, it will send Ε〇Ι (interruption end signal) to clear the timer status register 13 to 0. When the interruption service program finishes the work and EOI is issued, if there is a new interruption When it occurs, the execution of the interruption service program will be started again. Each dynamic reduction of thief _ loses wire, _ into several sub-transmission requirements (for example, length * 64kb). In step ⑻, start the countdown to zero The interruption signal occurs, as in step 65. System: Call the hard disk drive module!! Read data (as in step 70), and call data transmission (as in step%) to complete the dynamic video beacon of the client
(请先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) •Γ ,?τ 線 • 1- - 1^ . 322544 五、發明説明（< 當每次子傳輸要求被完紐，計flfll會再度被設定（如步驟90 )。 在步驟80中，如果尚有子傳輸要求未被完成，則堪績步驟6〇。這 個程序會一直重複至用户端所要求的動態視訊檔案傳輸完畢為 止。系統於步騾85等待下一個用户端的播放要求到來。 總而言之’本發明可被應用到動態視訊檔案的傳輸。例如，隨選電 影系統中的影像資料傳輸；家庭購物系統動態影像介紹播放；虛擬 實境房地產系統的動態影像播放。在這些系統中，系統可以保證動 態視訊檔案的播放不會斷斷續續。 最後，上述的敘述僅僅是為了描述本發明。只要根據本發明的觀 念，各種形式的設計均可以被製作出來。 頁 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 本紙張尺度適用中國國家榡準（CNS>A4规格（210X297公瘦）(Please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) • Γ,? Τ line • 1--1 ^. 322544 V. Invention description (< When each sub-transmission request is completed, the flfll will be set again (Such as step 90). In step 80, if there is still a sub-transmission request that has not been completed, step 60 is completed. This procedure will be repeated until the transmission of the dynamic video file requested by the user is completed. The system is in step mule 85 Waiting for the next client ’s playback request to come. In short, the present invention can be applied to the transmission of dynamic video files. For example, the transmission of video data in the on-demand movie system; the introduction and playback of dynamic images in the home shopping system; the virtual reality real estate system ’s Dynamic video playback. In these systems, the system can ensure that the playback of dynamic video files will not be intermittent. Finally, the above description is only for describing the present invention. As long as the concept of the present invention, various forms of designs can be made. The size of the paper printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economy is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS> A4 specifications ( 210X297 male thin)