A7 B7 321712 五、發明説明（ 請 先 閲 讀 背 之 注 意. 事 項 再 填 寫 本 頁 本發明關於用於流體流經其間之導管及容器之撓性接頭 。本發明尤其關於用於諸如高溫之具侵略狀況下之撓性接 頭，同時用於操作具腐蝕或刻蝕本性之流體中。 導管及容器中對撓性接頭之需求，隨化學加工廠之設計 及建造而殷切需要。在許多之狀況下，傳統之容器及管件 製造，對一般之加工操作條件而言太過鋼硬，同時操作此 一鋼硬構件，會導致無法接受之快速腐姓及加工裝備之失 效。依此，需要一種撓性接頭，其可置入容器或管件之壁 件内，而撓性接頭將必須之曲撓度組合於需要之整體中， 俾承受加工操作之條件。撓性接頭之設計已進行多年。參 考由R. H. Perry及C. H. Chilton编輯之化學工程師手册第5 版第6至4 8頁之用於管路建造 之撓性接頭的一般性討論 。用於容器、管線或類似物中之制式撓性接頭，包含由撓 性壁邵位連接之第一及第二硬壁部位。三個壁件部位界定 一縱向通道，加工流體可經此通道流動，且其沿著通道之 長度方向排置。撓性壁部位基本上呈波浪形壁，經常在本 技術中論之爲”風箱”。 更近之當化學加工吒锃往前t新時，據發現必需提供之 經濟部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印製 撓性接頭，可以承受更爲嚴厲之環境，諸如在高溫下曝露 於流體中、腐蝕性流體以及刻_餘性流體。特別嚴厲加工環 境之範例，可發現存在於碳氫化物之流體催化分餾中，其 、 . 必須容納且‘運送内含碳氫蒸汽之流體，同時在高溫下運送 催化劑顆粒。基本之加工操作溫度爲反應階段之55CTC程 度，以及再生階段之750°C程度。宜隨時認知此種高操作 -4 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） Μ Β7 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 五、發明説明（2 溫度及諸如分餾催化劑之刻蝕性元件之存在，對撓性接頭 之撓性部位，產生極具侵略性之環境。爲了防止接頭撓性 部位之早期失效，據發現必需自諸如鋼合金之適當阻抗材 料中建造接頭，同時保護撓性部位免遭加工流體之直接接 觸。 歐洲第445 352號專利申請案發表一種撓性接頭，包含第 一硬壁部位，第二硬壁部位以及末端與硬壁部位焊合之撓 性壁部位，此三個壁件邵位界定一穿越接頭之縱向通道， 而接頭進一步地包含一内含套筒之套筒構件，其一端固定 於第一硬壁邵位，而另一端伸又第二硬壁邵位，其中套筒 之外徑小於撓性壁部位之内徑，同時小於第二硬壁部位之 内徑。 已知之撓性接頭，另外包含一充滿絕熱材料之配置於套 筒外表面上之盒體，以及排置於套筒自由端及第二硬壁部 位間之密封。在一修改過程中，邵分之第一硬壁部位面向 通道，而套筒内側及第二硬壁邵位之内側，配置一層防独 材料。 排置於套筒自由端及第二硬壁部位間之密封，係用來保 留絕熱材料，同時限制加工流動之進入及廢屑之進入凹陷 處。此種設計提供接頭撓性部_位之改良式絕熱效果。可是 其更複雜於建造，同時更難岭維護。此外，據發現由於腐 蝕、易碎及7滅套筒與第二硬壁部位間之相對運動造成之 密封毀壞，導致密封之最終失效。來自密封處之廢屑，可 藉由加工流體載至工廠之其他部位，造成工廠裝備之堵塞 -5 木纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210X 297公釐） (請先閲讀背£Γ-之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝- 訂 五、發明説明（3 ) 及損壞。 當密封遭受毁壞後，熱加工流動可進入套筒件及撓性壁 部位間之環形空間。加工流體將形成淤塞層而增加熱絕緣 效果。可是，在環形區之入口處，流體之流動將造成擾流 ，同時高溫之加工流體直接與第二硬壁部位接觸。此一接 觸將增加第二壁件部位之溫度。雖然其不致於影響到第二 壁件部位本身，但其確實影響到撓性壁部位及第二硬壁部 位間之焊合。 依此，需要一種撓性接頭，其同時兼具建造之簡化及易 於维護，且可同時提供接頭撓性部位之必要保護以對抗操 作時之高加工流體溫度。尤其需要一種撓性接頭，其容許 待控制之撓性壁部位之精密程度的絕熱效果。此在上述之 流體催化分餾過程之應用中甚爲重要，其中撓性壁部位必 須維持在極低於加工流體溫度之溫度，但卻爲高於操作中 之碳氫蒸汽露點之溫度。超過程度之絕緣，將導致撓性壁 部位之溫度，跌落至加工流體之露點之下，造成撓性接頭 内側之凝結。此將接著導致撓性壁部位之腐蝕以及早期失 效。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背&之注意事項再填寫本頁) 尤有進者，必須避免撓性壁部位及第二末端部位間之接 合失效。 _ 因此，根據本發明之撓性接頭，包含第一硬壁部位、第 、 · 二硬壁部位·以及末端與硬壁部位焊合之撓性壁部位。其三 個壁件部位界定一縱向通道通過接頭，同時沿著通道之長 度方向配置。其撓性接頭另外包含套筒件，其内含之套筒 -6- 本纸伕尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐） A7 321712 五、發明説明（4 ) (請先聞讀背云之注意事項再填寫本頁) 一端固定至第一硬壁部位，而其餘端伸入第二硬壁部位。 其中部分之第一硬壁部位面向通道，套筒之内側及第二硬 壁部位之内側，配具防蝕材料層，其中套筒件之外徑，小 於撓性壁部位之内徑，同時小於第二壁件部位上之防蝕材 料層之内徑，且其中之第二硬壁部位，另外配置絕熱材料 層而配列在第二壁件部位及防蝕材料層之間。 申請者發現絕熱材料之存在，減少了正常操作過程中之 第二硬壁部位的溫度，因而避免了對焊合處之損環，俾增 加撓性接頭之服務壽限。 撓性接頭可配置於容器之壁件内，而更基本地可配置於 導管或管線中。撓性接頭的壁件部位剖面圖中，可爲任何 之適當形狀，用以搭配接頭裝設其内之容器或導管之剖面 。更標準地，硬壁部位爲圓筒形之剖面。硬壁部位基本上 由相同於鄰近裝置之材料建造。制式材料包含軟鋼、不錄· 鋼及其他鋼合金，其選用端視待操作之主要加工條件及流 體而定。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印東 撓性壁部位配列於第一及第二硬壁部位間，同時企望吸 收兩硬壁部位間之相對運動。此種運動基本上因振動以及 壓力以及在加工裝備中造成之溫差而致。撓性壁件部位可 爲任何適當型式。更標準之撓j生壁部位在其縱斷面上呈波 浪型，而更普遍地論之爲”六角手風琴"或”風箱”。波浪之 尺寸及型式·，·根據撓性程度及需要之位移而定。撓性壁部 位之選定及設計技術，在本領域中已眾所周知。撓性壁部 位可自任何之適當材料中建造，包含那些前述中與硬壁部 _-7_-_ 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X297公釐) A7 五、發明説明（5 ) 位之建造有關之材料。一般較薄之撓性壁部位，較硬壁部 位更易遭受較高程度之應力腐蝕及脆化破裂。因此，需選 用更具阻抗但因而較貴之材料於撓性壁部位。可是，本發 明之優點爲可使用更通用之材料，諸如鎳金屬及錄合金=> 套筒在撓性接頭内沿著通道延伸。套筒之一端固定於第 一硬壁部位。任何適當之固定裝置可加以利用。焊接爲固 定套筒至第一硬壁部位之最適用方法。套筒在通道内延伸 ，俾重疊第二硬壁部位。套筒與撓性壁部位隔開。套筒之 其餘端未加固定，因而容許套筒相對於第二硬壁部位移動 。基本上，重疊第二硬壁邵位之·套筒末端邵位，將與第二 硬壁部位隔開。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閔讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 在較佳之排置法中，套筒件以提供連續壁表面之方式自 第一硬壁部位伸出，因而在穿越撓性接頭時呈現極少或全 無之障礙於流體之流動上。此即套筒及每一第一及第二硬 壁部位中之某一部分，爲穿越通道之流動流體，共同形成 概略平滑之側方通道。套筒與撓性壁部位間所需之空間， 可由藉撓性壁部位所界定之通道寬度大於撓性接頭的公稱 寬度而得，此即由套筒件及每一第一及第二硬壁部位之某 一部分所形成之平滑側方通道之寬度。一種變通但並非較 佳之配置法，包含一伸入通道_内之套筒件，因而沿著接頭 而在流體流動路徑上產生壓-。 套筒可由任何之適當材料製成，其提供必要之阻抗於加 工操作條件中。基本上，套筒將爲如同第一及第二硬壁部 位之相同材料。 _；_^__ 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X 297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 A7 __— B7 五、發明説明（6 ) 操作時，意欲加工流體可佔有套筒件及撓性壁部位間之 環形空間。加工流體可進入介於套筒件自由端及第二硬壁 部位間之此一空間。環形空間内之加工流體較爲平靜，同 時作用爲撓性壁部位之絕緣介質。爲了容許環形空間内之 加工流體仍保平靜，第一硬壁部位在當安裝及使用時，最 好置於撓性接頭之上游端。 絕熱材料配置於套筒之表面上。材料可以直接與待處理 之加工流體接觸方式而連附至套筒表面。絕緣材料最好連 附於面向撓性壁部位之套筒表面。絕緣材料可視需要而施 用至兩者表面上。絕熱材料可包含單層之材料，或可包含 多層之材料。如果使用多層材料時，各層可爲相同或是不 同之材料。各層數量及位置之選擇，以及絕熱材料之型式 ，將視撓性接頭所經歷之加工操作條件，撓性壁部位之建 造材料以及處理中之加工流體本性而定。絕熱材料在較高 操作溫度下，具有較低之導熱性，因而容許較薄之材料層 提供需要程度之絕緣。材料最好具有儘可能低之煙灰、硫 磺以及氣酸含量。材料必須適用於常用之加工條件下，諸 如高溫條件。絕緣材料最好爲纖維陶瓷材料。適當之陶瓷 材料爲氧化矽、鋁氧、氧化结、氧化鎂、氧化鈣及其混合 物纖維。適當之材料可商購獲{寻，譬如貿易名稱爲"Saffil” 及” Zircar”。用於絕緣材料之變通而非最佳之材料，包含 石墨及柊木紙。此種材料仍可商購獲得。、 在本發明之較佳實配例中，套筒上之絕熱材料層由保護 用套筒覆蓋。保護用套筒最好概略地覆蓋所有之絕緣材料 _^9；_ 、浪尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) Α4規格（210Χ297公釐） (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝. 、1Τ A 7 ^ B7 五、發明説明（7 ) ，俾形成套筒與絕緣材料之夾層。在另一實配例中，保護 用套筒未固定在絕緣材料層内，因而容許保護用套筒相對 於絕緣材料運動。此將容許因不同熱澎漲之作用而造成元 件間之相對運動。 撓性接頭配置一層呈具折射能力之氧化物型式之防蚀材 料，其當使用接頭時，覆蓋鄰靠加工流體之套筒表面。適 當之具折射能力的材料可商購獲得，同時在本技術中眾所 周知。適當之材料包含氧化矽、鋁氧、氧化鈦、氧化锆、 氧化#5及其混合物。一種適當之材料包含铭氧及氧化碎之 混合物，同時獲自"CURAS 90 PF”之貿易名稱。具折射能 力之氧化物，基本上以水泥型式或瓷碑或碑塊使用。具折 射能力之氧化物層較絕緣材料層爲厚3具折射能力之氧化 物爲多孔式，容許某些加工流體之進入底層表面。具折射 能力之氧化物主要目的，爲提供保護而免於底層表面之刻 姓及腐钱。如有需要，具折射能力之氧化物層，可施加於 覆蓋於套筒表面之絕緣材料層上。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閔讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 配置於第二硬壁部位表面上之絕熱材料層，必須覆蓋至 少由套筒重疊之第二硬壁部位表面之該一部位上3更佳者 爲絕熱材料層概略地伸越更多之第二硬壁部位表面。上面 討論過之用於套筒上絕熱材料，之任何材料，均可加以使 用。再次地，可以使用單層或是多層材料，各層可包含相 同或不同之材料。絕熱材料層可如前面討論過之關於具折 射能力的氧化物施加於套筒表面般地，以具折射能力之氧 化物層加以覆蓋3 _- 1D -_ ^張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210 X 297公釐） 五、發明説明（8 ) 如前面所述，套筒件與撓性壁部位隔開而形成一環形空 間，而加工流體在操作過程中可流動其間。環形空間内之 加工流體，形成相當平靜流體之貯放槽，其作用可進一步 地絕緣撓性壁部位。經適當地操作此一流體貯放槽而作爲 絕緣體，重要者爲其仍保相當地平靜。現已發現套筒件自 由端部位之設計以及其與第二硬壁部位間之關係，已在環 形空間内之加工流體的絕緣特性上，擔任重要的角色，尤 其是套筒件重疊第二硬壁部位之範圍。 重疊第二硬壁部位之套筒件部位的長度，至少5倍於自 第二硬壁部位垂直量測至套筒4之距離。 重疊第二硬壁部位之套筒件部位的長度，在任何條件下 最好至少爲100釐米，更佳地爲至少200釐米。 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 宜隨時了解套筒件的自由端及第二硬壁部位間之間隙， 必須足以當使用接頭時，提供兩元件間之任何相對運動？ 在較佳之實配例中，套筒件及部分之第一及第二硬壁部位 ，共同爲流經接頭之流體，形成概略平滑之側方通道。在 此一狀況下，最好是沿著平行於套筒縱軸之直線而自第二 硬壁部位量測至套筒自由端的距離，至少爲1 〇釐米，而在 任何條件下更佳地爲2 5釐米。 本發明之撓性接頭，可施用至需要撓性接頭之任何應用 中。如前所述，接頭特別適思於在具侵略性之條件下處理 流體，亦即‘處理具腐蝕天性之流體及/或高溫條件下之流 體。使用具折射能力之氧化物材料，亦提供接頭對刻蝕及 腐蝕流體之高度阻抗。接頭可施用於各種方式之化學及精 _-11 -_ 本纸張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2I0X297公釐） 找號專利申請案 中文説明書修正頁(86年6月、 A7 B7A7 B7 321712 V. Description of the invention (Please read the notes on the back first. Please fill in this page. This invention relates to the flexible joints for the pipes and containers through which the fluid flows. The present invention is particularly concerned with the use of aggressive conditions such as high temperatures. The following flexible joints are also used in the operation of fluids with corrosive or etching nature. The demand for flexible joints in pipes and vessels is strongly required with the design and construction of chemical processing plants. In many cases, traditional The manufacture of containers and pipe fittings is too steel hard for general processing operating conditions, and operating this steel hard member at the same time will lead to unacceptable rapid rot and processing equipment failure. Therefore, a flexible joint is required, It can be placed in the wall part of the container or pipe, and the flexible joint combines the necessary deflection into the required whole to withstand the conditions of the processing operation. The design of the flexible joint has been carried out for many years. Reference by RH Perry and CH A general discussion of flexible joints used in piping construction on pages 6 to 4 of the 5th edition of the Chemical Engineer's Handbook edited by Chilton. Used in containers, pipes The standard flexible joint in or similar includes the first and second hard wall parts connected by the flexible wall. The three wall parts define a longitudinal channel through which the processing fluid can flow and along The channels are arranged in the length direction. The flexible wall is basically a wavy wall, which is often referred to as a "bellows" in this technology. More recently, when chemical processing is carried forward, it is found that it must be provided. The Ministry of Economy Central Standard Falcon Bureau Employee Consumer Cooperative printed flexible joints that can withstand more severe environments, such as exposure to fluids at high temperatures, corrosive fluids, and residual fluids. Examples of particularly severe processing environments can be It was found that in the catalytic fractionation of hydrocarbon fluids, it must contain and transport the fluid containing hydrocarbon vapors, and at the same time transport the catalyst particles at high temperature. The basic processing operation temperature is 55CTC in the reaction stage, and regeneration At the stage of 750 ° C. It is advisable to recognize this high operation at any time --4 This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) Μ Β7 Printed by the Quasi-Administrative Staff Consumer Cooperative V. Description of the invention (2 The existence of temperature and the presence of etchable components such as fractionation catalysts creates a very aggressive environment for the flexible parts of the flexible joint. In order to prevent Early failure, it was found that the joint must be constructed from a suitable impedance material such as a steel alloy, while protecting the flexible part from direct contact with the processing fluid. European Patent No. 445 352 published a flexible joint, including the first hard wall Part, the second hard wall part and the flexible wall part where the end is welded to the hard wall part, the three wall parts define a longitudinal passage through the joint, and the joint further includes a sleeve member containing a sleeve , One end is fixed to the first hard wall shore, and the other end extends to the second hard wall shore, wherein the outer diameter of the sleeve is smaller than the inner diameter of the flexible wall portion and at the same time smaller than the inner diameter of the second hard wall portion. The known flexible joint further includes a box filled with heat insulating material arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve, and a seal arranged between the free end of the sleeve and the second hard wall portion. In a modification process, the first hard wall part of Shao Fen faces the channel, and a layer of anti-independence material is arranged inside the sleeve and inside the second hard wall Shao bit. The seal arranged between the free end of the sleeve and the second hard wall portion is used to retain the thermal insulation material, and at the same time limit the entry of the process flow and the entry of waste debris into the depression. This design provides improved thermal insulation in the flexible part of the joint. However, it is more complicated to construct and more difficult to maintain. In addition, it was found that the seal was damaged due to corrosion, fragility, and relative movement between the sleeve and the second hard wall portion, resulting in the eventual failure of the seal. Debris from the seal can be carried to other parts of the factory by the processing fluid, causing clogging of the factory equipment. -5 wood paper size is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210X 297mm) (please read the back Note for £ Γ- and then fill out this page)-Binding-Order V. Description of invention (3) and damage. When the seal is damaged, the hot process flow can enter the annular space between the sleeve member and the flexible wall. The processing fluid will form a silt layer to increase the thermal insulation effect. However, at the entrance of the annular zone, the flow of the fluid will cause turbulence, and at the same time, the high-temperature processing fluid directly contacts the second hard wall portion. This contact will increase the temperature of the second wall part. Although it does not affect the second wall part itself, it does affect the welding between the flexible wall part and the second hard wall part. Accordingly, there is a need for a flexible joint that simultaneously simplifies construction and is easy to maintain, and at the same time provides the necessary protection of the flexible portion of the joint against high processing fluid temperatures during operation. In particular, there is a need for a flexible joint that allows a precise degree of thermal insulation of the flexible wall to be controlled. This is very important in the application of the above-mentioned fluid catalytic fractionation process, in which the flexible wall portion must be maintained at a temperature that is extremely lower than the temperature of the processing fluid, but higher than the dew point of the hydrocarbon vapor in operation. Excessive insulation will cause the temperature of the flexible wall to fall below the dew point of the processing fluid, causing condensation inside the flexible joint. This will then lead to corrosion and early failure of the flexible wall. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions before filling in this page). Especially those who have advanced, must avoid the failure of the connection between the flexible wall part and the second end part. _ Therefore, the flexible joint according to the present invention includes the first hard wall portion, the first, the second hard wall portion, and the flexible wall portion where the end is welded to the hard wall portion. The three wall parts define a longitudinal passage through the joint, and are arranged along the length of the passage. The flexible joint additionally contains a sleeve part, and the sleeve-6 contained therein is applicable to the Chinese national standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297mm) A7 321712 V. Invention description (4) (please listen first Read the notes on the back cloud and fill out this page) One end is fixed to the first hard wall part, and the other end extends into the second hard wall part. Part of the first hard wall part faces the channel, the inside of the sleeve and the inside of the second hard wall part are equipped with a layer of anticorrosive material, wherein the outer diameter of the sleeve member is smaller than the inner diameter of the flexible wall part, and at the same The inner diameter of the anticorrosion material layer on the second wall part, and the second hard wall part among them, is additionally arranged with a heat insulation material layer and arranged between the second wall part part and the anticorrosion material layer. The applicant found that the presence of thermal insulation material reduced the temperature of the second hard wall part during normal operation, thus avoiding damage to the welded joint and increasing the service life of the flexible joint. The flexible joint can be arranged in the wall part of the container, and more basically can be arranged in the pipe or pipeline. The cross-sectional view of the wall part of the flexible joint can be of any suitable shape to match the cross-section of the container or duct in which the joint is installed. More standardly, the hard wall portion has a cylindrical profile. The hard wall portion is basically constructed of the same material as the adjacent device. The standard materials include mild steel, non-recorded steel and other steel alloys, the choice of which depends on the main processing conditions and fluids to be operated. The Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Bureau of Standards, Employee and Consumer Cooperative Yindong Flexible wall parts are arranged between the first and second hard wall parts, and at the same time, it is expected to absorb the relative movement between the two hard wall parts. This kind of movement is basically caused by vibration and pressure and the temperature difference caused in the processing equipment. The flexible wall part can be of any suitable type. The more standard flexural wall sections are wavy in their longitudinal section, and more generally referred to as "hexagonal accordion" or "bellows". The size and type of the wave ··· According to the degree of flexibility and needs Depending on the displacement. The selection and design techniques of flexible wall parts are well known in the art. The flexible wall parts can be constructed from any suitable material, including those of the aforementioned middle and hard wall parts _-7 _-_ this paper The Zhang scale applies the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X297 mm) A7 5. Invention description (5) Construction related materials. Generally thinner flexible wall parts are more susceptible to a higher degree than hard wall parts Stress corrosion and embrittlement fracture. Therefore, it is necessary to select a more resistive but therefore more expensive material for the flexible wall. However, the advantage of the present invention is that it can use more general materials, such as nickel metal and alloy => sleeve It extends along the channel in the flexible joint. One end of the sleeve is fixed to the first hard wall portion. Any suitable fixing device can be used. Welding is the most suitable method for fixing the sleeve to the first hard wall portion. aisle Extends inwards to overlap the second hard wall portion. The sleeve is separated from the flexible wall portion. The remaining end of the sleeve is not fixed, thus allowing the sleeve to move relative to the second hard wall portion. Basically, overlapping the second hard wall portion The wall of the sleeve, the end of the sleeve, will be separated from the second hard wall. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) In the method, the sleeve member protrudes from the first hard wall portion by providing a continuous wall surface, so that there is little or no obstacle to the flow of fluid when passing through the flexible joint. This is the sleeve and each first One part of the first and second hard wall parts is the flowing fluid passing through the channel, which forms a generally smooth side channel. The space required between the sleeve and the flexible wall part can be defined by the flexible wall part The width of the channel is greater than the nominal width of the flexible joint, which is the width of the smooth side channel formed by the sleeve member and a portion of each of the first and second hard wall portions. A flexible but not preferred configuration method , Including a stretch The sleeve member that enters the channel_, thus creating pressure on the fluid flow path along the joint. The sleeve can be made of any suitable material that provides the necessary resistance to the processing operating conditions. Basically, the sleeve will It is the same material as the first and second hard wall parts. _; _ ^ __ This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X 297mm) Printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards Bureau Staff Consumer Cooperative A7 __— B7 5. Description of the invention (6) During operation, it is intended that the processing fluid can occupy the annular space between the sleeve member and the flexible wall portion. The processing fluid can enter the space between the free end of the sleeve member and the second hard wall portion Space. The processing fluid in the annular space is relatively calm, and at the same time acts as an insulating medium for the flexible wall. To allow the processing fluid in the annular space to remain calm, the first hard wall portion is best placed when installed and used At the upstream end of the flexible joint. The insulation material is arranged on the surface of the sleeve. The material can be directly attached to the sleeve surface in direct contact with the processing fluid to be treated. The insulating material is preferably attached to the surface of the sleeve facing the flexible wall portion. Insulation materials can be applied to both surfaces as needed. The insulating material may include a single layer of material, or may include multiple layers of material. If multiple layers of materials are used, the layers can be the same or different materials. The choice of the number and location of each layer and the type of insulation material will depend on the processing operation conditions experienced by the flexible joint, the construction materials of the flexible wall portion and the nature of the processing fluid in processing. Thermal insulation materials have lower thermal conductivity at higher operating temperatures, thus allowing thinner material layers to provide the required degree of insulation. The material should preferably have the lowest possible soot, sulfur and gas acid content. The material must be suitable for commonly used processing conditions, such as high temperature conditions. The insulating material is preferably a fiber ceramic material. Suitable ceramic materials are silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, oxide junction, magnesium oxide, calcium oxide and mixture fibers. Appropriate materials are commercially available {find, such as trade names " Saffil "and" Zircar ". Alternatives to insulating materials are not the best materials, including graphite and wood paper. Such materials are still commercially available .. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the insulating material layer on the sleeve is covered by a protective sleeve. The protective sleeve is best to roughly cover all the insulating materials _ ^ 9; _, wave scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) Α4 specification (210Χ297mm) (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page). 装. 1Τ A 7 ^ B7 5. Description of the invention (7), to form the interlayer between the sleeve and the insulating material In another practical example, the protective sleeve is not fixed in the insulating material layer, thus allowing the protective sleeve to move relative to the insulating material. This will allow relative movement between the components due to the effect of different thermal surges The flexible joint is provided with a layer of anticorrosive material in the form of oxide with refractive power, which covers the surface of the sleeve adjacent to the processing fluid when the joint is used. Suitable materials with refractive power are commercially available, and are available in this Skill It is well known in the art. A suitable material includes silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, oxide # 5 and mixtures thereof. A suitable material includes a mixture of oxygen and oxidized fragments, and is obtained from the trade of " CURAS 90 PF. &Quot; name. Oxides with refractive power are basically used as cement type or porcelain tablets or blocks. The oxide layer with refractive ability is thicker than the insulating material layer. The oxide with refractive ability is porous, allowing certain processing fluids to enter the surface of the bottom layer. The main purpose of oxides with refractive power is to provide protection from the surnames and money on the bottom surface. If necessary, an oxide layer with refractive power can be applied to the layer of insulating material covering the surface of the sleeve. Printed by the Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling in this page) The layer of thermal insulation material placed on the surface of the second hard wall must cover the second hard wall that is at least overlapped by the sleeve The better 3 on this part of the part surface is the surface of the second hard wall part where the insulating material layer roughly extends more. As discussed above for the insulating material used on the sleeve, any material can be used. Again, a single layer or multiple layers of materials can be used, and each layer can contain the same or different materials. The thermal insulation material layer can be applied to the surface of the sleeve as previously discussed with respect to the oxide with refractive ability, covered with an oxide layer with refractive ability 3 _- 1D -_ ^ Zhang scale is applicable to China National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210 X 297 mm) V. Description of the invention (8) As mentioned above, the sleeve member is separated from the flexible wall to form an annular space, and the processing fluid can flow between them during operation. The processing fluid in the annular space forms a relatively calm fluid storage tank, which can further insulate the flexible wall. By properly operating this fluid storage tank as an insulator, it is important that it remains fairly calm. It has been found that the design of the free end portion of the sleeve member and its relationship with the second hard wall portion have played an important role in the insulating properties of the processing fluid in the annular space, especially when the sleeve member overlaps the second hard Range of wall parts. The length of the sleeve member portion overlapping the second hard wall portion is at least 5 times the distance measured vertically from the second hard wall portion to the sleeve 4. The length of the portion of the sleeve member overlapping the second hard wall portion is preferably at least 100 cm under any conditions, and more preferably at least 200 cm. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page). It is advisable to always know the gap between the free end of the sleeve member and the second hard wall part. Any relative movement between the two elements? In a preferred embodiment, the sleeve member and the first and second hard wall parts of the sleeve are the fluid flowing through the joint, forming a generally smooth side channel. In this case, it is better to measure the distance from the second hard wall portion to the free end of the sleeve along a line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve, which is at least 10 cm, and is more preferably under any conditions 25 cm. The flexible joint of the present invention can be applied to any application requiring a flexible joint. As mentioned earlier, joints are particularly suitable for treating fluids under aggressive conditions, that is, ‘treating fluids with aggressive nature and / or fluids under high temperature conditions. The use of oxide materials with refractive power also provides a high resistance of the joint to etching and corrosive fluids. The connector can be applied to various ways of chemistry and finishing _-11 -_ This paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2I0X297mm) Amendment page for the Chinese manual of the number-finding patent application (June 86, A7 B7
五、發明説明（9 煉廠。如上所述’接頭可特別使用於揉用液態固體介質之 加工中’諸如碳氫化物之流體催化分餾加工及類似件。其 他之特疋應用’包含在極高溫中處理氣體，譬如處理高熱 之煙道氣體。 本發明將藉由範例及參考附圖而進一步地説明，其中： 圖1爲根據本發明第一種形態之第一實配例之半邊撓性接 頭之某一部位的圖式； 圖2爲根據本發明第一種形態之第二實配例之撓性接頭部 分套筒的圖式； · 圖3爲根據本發明第一種形態之第三實配例之撓性接頭部 分套筒的圖式；以及 β 圖4爲根據本發明第二種形態之部分撓性接頭的圖式。 主要元件之代表符號説明 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) :----^----------装 -訂 經濟部中央標準局貝工消费合作社印装 2 圓筒形撓性接頭 4 第一硬壁部位 6 狹窄圓筒形外側端部位 8 中央截錐壁部位 10 寬廣圓筒形内側端部位 12 圓筒形撓性壁部位 14 第二硬壁部位 16 内侧端壁部位 18 中央端壁部位 20 外側端壁部位 12- 本紙張从適用中國i?ii(CNS)A4^(2r〇X297^) 第85113961號專利申請案 中文説明書修正頁(86年6月） A7 B7 ________ , —-- *ΙΙ·>^>I 正 五、發明説明.（1〇 ) 2 1 圓筒式套筒構件 22 套筒 26 防蝕材料層 2 8 防蝕材料層 3 0 絕熱材料層 3 2 絕熱材料層 3 6 絕熱材料層 3 8 保護用套筒 A 箭頭 d 距離 P 通道 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 裝. 經濟部中央標準局負工消費合作社印製 參考圖1，概略以2表示而用於加工管線之概略呈圓筒形 之撓性接頭，包含具有狹窄圓筒形外側端部位6之第一硬 壁部位4，以及由中央截錐壁部位8相連之寬廣圓筒形内側 端部位1 0。 概略呈圓筒形之撓性壁部位1 2，自第一硬壁部位4的内 側端，延伸至第二硬壁部位1 4，其具有類似第一硬壁部位 4之内侧端，中央及外側端壁部位（分別爲1 6、1 8、2 0 )， 但位於相反的方向。撓性壁件部位的末端，焊接於硬壁部 位上。第一、撓性及第二壁件部位4、12、14固繞單一之 中央縱軸呈對稱排置，同時界定一通道p。 撓性壁件部位1 2具有一般用於本技術中之波浪形剖面， 且通常論之爲”風箱"。 包含套筒22之圓筒式套筒構件21，同軸地排置於壁件部 -13- 本紙張尺度適用宁國國家標準（〇奶）八4規格（210父297公瘦） 訂 第85113961號專利申請案 中文説明書修正頁(86年6月) / 災5. Description of the invention (9 Refinery. As mentioned above, the joint can be used particularly in the processing of liquid solid media, such as fluid catalytic fractionation processing of hydrocarbons and the like. Other special applications include high temperatures Intermediate processing gas, such as processing high-heat flue gas. The present invention will be further explained by examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 is a half-sided flexible joint according to a first practical configuration example of the first form of the present invention Drawing of a certain part; Figure 2 is a drawing of a flexible joint part sleeve according to the second real configuration example of the first form of the present invention; FIG. 3 is a third real form of the first form of the present invention Diagram of the sleeve of the flexible joint of the matching example; and β Figure 4 is a diagram of the partial flexible joint according to the second form of the present invention. Explanation of the representative symbols of the main components (please read the precautions on the back before filling in This page): ---- ^ ---------- Finishing-Binding-Printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative, Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economy 2 Cylindrical flexible joint 4 First hard wall part 6 Narrow cylinder Shaped outer end part 8 Central truncated cone wall part 10 Broad Cylindrical inner end part 12 Cylindrical flexible wall part 14 Second hard wall part 16 Inner end wall part 18 Central end wall part 20 Outer end wall part 12- This paper is applicable from China i? Ii (CNS) A4 ^ (2r〇X297 ^) Amendment Page of Chinese Specification of Patent Application No. 85113961 (June 86) A7 B7 ________, ------ * ΙΙ · > ^ > I Zhengwu, description of invention. (1〇) 2 1 Cylindrical sleeve member 22 Sleeve 26 Corrosion-resistant material layer 2 8 Corrosion-resistant material layer 3 0 Thermal insulation material layer 3 2 Thermal insulation material layer 3 6 Thermal insulation material layer 3 8 Protective sleeve A Arrow d Distance P Channel (please read first Note on the back and then fill out this page). Installed. Printed by the Consumer Standards Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs. Refer to Figure 1, which is generally indicated by 2 and used for processing pipelines. The outline is a cylindrical flexible joint, including a narrow circle The first hard wall portion 4 of the cylindrical outer end portion 6, and the wide cylindrical inner end portion 10 connected by the central truncated cone wall portion 8. The generally flexible wall portion 12 having a cylindrical shape, from the first The inner end of the hard wall portion 4 extends to the second hard wall portion 14 which has Similar to the inner end, central and outer end wall parts of the first hard wall part 4 (respectively 16, 18, and 20), but in opposite directions. The end of the flexible wall part is welded to the hard wall part The first, flexible and second wall parts 4, 12, 14 are symmetrically arranged around a single central longitudinal axis, and define a channel p. The flexible wall parts 12 have the general ones used in this technology. Wave-shaped section, and generally referred to as "bellows". The cylindrical sleeve member 21 including the sleeve 22 is arranged coaxially on the wall part-13- This paper scale is applicable to Ningguo National Standard (〇 奶) Eight 4 specifications (210 father 297 male thin) Order No. 85113961 Amendment page for the Chinese manual of the patent application (June 1986) / Disaster
發明説明（10 位4、12、i4内，同時藉由焊接（未圖示）而將其一端在外 側端部位6及中央部位8的接點區域處，固定於第一硬壁部 位4。套筒2 2伸過撓性壁部位丨2，同時重疊於第二硬壁部 位之内側端部位。 防蝕材料層20配列在套筒22的内侧表面及面向通道p之 部分第一硬壁部位上。此外，防蝕材料層2 8配列在第二硬 壁部位2 0之内侧端。 套筒件之外徑，小於撓性壁部位丨2之最小内徑，同時小 於第二硬壁部位20上之防银材料層28的内徑。 此外，絕熱材料層3 0配列在第二壁件部位2 〇之内表面與 防蝕材料層2 8之間。 宜了解傳統之與撓性接頭相連的配件如澎漲限制棒，偵 漏系統’氣候防風雨遮罩及氣體清淨連管，均因簡化之故而 予以省略。 經濟部中央標準局貝工消費合作社印製 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 使用時，圖1之撓性接頭2經配置而使得加工流體自第一 硬壁部位4流向箭頭A所示之第二硬壁部位1 4。加工流體 進入套筒2 2及撓性壁部位1 2間留出之空間、經由套筒1 2 及第二硬壁部位1 4之内側端部位1 6間之環形物而構成一絕 熱層。 絕熱作用在套筒件2 1及撓性壁件1 2間的環形區内，藉由 加工流體之停滯層提供。套筒件2 1及第二硬壁部位1 4之内 側端壁部位1 6間之環形物内的流體，在通道P内不斷地與 加工流體混合。其後，在缺少絕熱材料層3 0之情況下，内 側端壁部位1 6之溫度升高至某一程度而使得撓性壁件 本紙張尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS )八4規格（210X297公釐） 經濟部中央榡準局負工消費合作社印裝 A7 ------一 B7 五、發明説明（11 ) 1 2與第二硬壁部件1 4的焊接產生作用3 參考圖2，顯示套筒件21及配列在鄰靠第一硬壁部位4之 區域内之絕緣材料的放大圖式。在圖2之實配例中，套筒 件2 1包含配列在套筒22内表面上之絕熱材料32。具折射 月匕力之乳化物滑2 6，伸越絕緣材料屬3 9。 參考圖3，顯示圖2之變通，尤其爲較佳實配例之類似圖 式。套筒件2 1包含配列在套筒22外表面上之絕熱材料層 3 6。圓筒形之保護用套筒3 8，伸越絕熱材料層3 6。具折 射忐力之氧化物層2 6配列於套筒2 2之内表面。絕熱材料 層3 6及保護用套筒3 8最好儘寸能接近地伸至第—硬壁部 位4 ’但仍容許足夠的空間以供應各種元件間的任何相對運 動。在保護用套筒3 8非緊固於絕熱材料層3 6之案例下， 2間預留是必要的。 基本上’針對圖1至3所示應用於上面所述之流體催化分 餾加工中之管線内之實配例而言，套筒具有10釐米之厚度 “ 緣材料層或其中之多層次（如經採用），具有3至丨〇釐 米足總厚度。折射氧化物層具有25釐米之厚度，而保護罩 (如存在）具有3至6釐米之厚度。宜了解各種元件之厚度， 依討論中之應用而定。 圖4顯示根據本發明之撓性锋頭的細節（未按比例）。上 面參考圖1所述之同—元件，、在圖4中具有相同之參考號碼 ’蜗了簡明之故，第二硬壁部位i 4之絕熱材料未加顯示。 因而在圖4中，套筒件21經延伸而重疊在第二硬壁部位14 之内側杨邵位i 6上。圖4中之距離d，爲套筒件2 ^之外 (請先閱讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -裝· 訂Description of the invention (in 10 positions 4, 12, i4, at the same time, one end is fixed to the first hard wall portion 4 at the contact area of the outer end portion 6 and the central portion 8 by welding (not shown). The barrel 22 extends through the flexible wall portion 1-2 while overlapping the inner end portion of the second hard wall portion. The anticorrosive material layer 20 is arranged on the inner surface of the sleeve 22 and the portion of the first hard wall portion facing the channel p. In addition, the anticorrosive material layer 28 is arranged at the inner end of the second hard wall portion 20. The outer diameter of the sleeve member is smaller than the minimum inner diameter of the flexible wall portion 丨 2, and at the same time is smaller than the anti-corrosion on the second hard wall portion 20 The inner diameter of the silver material layer 28. In addition, the insulating material layer 30 is arranged between the inner surface of the second wall part 20 and the anticorrosive material layer 28. It should be understood that the traditional accessories connected with the flexible joints are surging Limit bars, leak detection systems, climate and weather shields, and gas cleaning pipes are omitted because of simplification. Printed by Beigong Consumer Cooperative of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (please read the precautions on the back before filling this page) In use, the flexible joint 2 of FIG. 1 is configured such that The working fluid flows from the first hard wall portion 4 to the second hard wall portion 14 shown by arrow A. The processing fluid enters the space left between the sleeve 22 and the flexible wall portion 12 through the sleeve 12 and the first The ring between the inner end parts 16 of the two hard wall parts 14 forms a heat insulation layer. The heat insulation acts on the annular region between the sleeve member 2 1 and the flexible wall member 12 by the stagnation layer of the processing fluid Provided. The fluid in the annulus between the sleeve member 21 and the inner end wall portion 16 of the second hard wall portion 14 is continuously mixed with the processing fluid in the channel P. Thereafter, in the absence of the insulating material layer 3 In the case of 0, the temperature of the inner end wall portion 16 is increased to a certain degree, so that the paper standard of the flexible wall is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) 84 specifications (210X297 mm). Industrial and consumer cooperatives printing A7 ------ One B7 V. Description of the invention (11) 1 2 Welding with the second hard-walled part 14 has an effect 3 Referring to FIG. 2, the sleeve member 21 and the arrangement are shown adjacent An enlarged view of the insulating material in the area of the first hard wall portion 4. In the actual configuration example of FIG. 2, the sleeve member 21 includes Insulation material 32 listed on the inner surface of the sleeve 22. The emulsified material with refractive moon glide slips 26, and extends beyond the insulation material 39. Refer to FIG. 3, which shows the modification of FIG. 2, especially the preferred practical example Similar to the figure, the sleeve member 2 1 includes a layer 36 of heat insulating material arranged on the outer surface of the sleeve 22. A cylindrical protective sleeve 38 extends over the layer 36 of heat insulating material. The oxide layer 26 is arranged on the inner surface of the sleeve 22. The insulating material layer 36 and the protective sleeve 38 preferably extend as close as possible to the first hard wall portion 4 'but still allow enough space to Supply any relative movement between the various elements. In the case where the protective sleeve 38 is not fastened to the insulating material layer 36, it is necessary to reserve two. Basically, for the actual configuration examples shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, which are applied to the pipeline in the above-mentioned fluid catalytic fractionation process, the sleeve has a thickness of 10 cm. The edge material layer or multiple layers (such as Used), with a total thickness of 3 to 10 cm. The refractive oxide layer has a thickness of 25 cm, and the protective cover (if present) has a thickness of 3 to 6 cm. It is advisable to understand the thickness of various components, depending on the application in question Fig. 4 shows the details of the flexible tip according to the present invention (not to scale). The same components described above with reference to Fig. 1 have the same reference number in Fig. 4 The insulating material of the second hard wall portion i 4 is not shown. Therefore, in FIG. 4, the sleeve member 21 is extended to overlap on the inner side of the second hard wall portion 14 on the inner side i 6. The distance d in FIG. 4 ， Besides the sleeve part 2 ^ (Please read the precautions on the back before filling out this page) -Install · Order
297公釐） 經濟部中央標準局員工消費合作社印褽 321712 五、發明説明（12 ) 面及配置防蝕材料層2 8之内側端部位1 6之内表面間、垂 直套筒2 2縱軸所量測之距離。在圖4中以距離1表示之第二 硬壁部位1 4中之套筒件2 1的疊置，至少5倍於距離d。1距 離最好至少爲200釐米。沿著平行於套筒2 2縱軸的直線而 自套筒件2 1末端量測至第二硬壁部位1 4之距離a，至少爲 2 5釐米。 本發明將藉由下面之説明例而進一步地敘述。 範例 根據本發明之撓性接頭之撓性壁部位的操作溫度，可以 * 加以計算。撓性接頭經考量而"具有圖1所示之一般構造， 但採用圖3所示之絕緣材料層，保護用套筒及具折射能力 之氧化物層的排置。接頭經考量而安裝於傳統流體催化分 餾廠之再生催化劑直立管中。操作中之加工流體，假設包 含碳氫氣體及輸送用之催化劑。在最壞之狀況下，套筒及 撓性壁部位間的空間，假設充滿氣體而無催化劑。撓性接 頭如圖4所示地符合本發明第二種形態需要而在套筒的自 由端假設具有一幾何形狀。接頭結構之細節、操作溫度以 及接頭撓性壁部位之最終溫度，顯示於下表中。 爲了比較目的，針對相同結構之撓性接頭進行類似之計 算，但省略了絕緣材料。此一 f驗之細節及結果，均於表 中説明3 -15- 本紙伕尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（2丨0'〆297公釐） (請先聞讀背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) -装· A7 B7 五、發明説明（13 ) 圖表 範例 比較範例 套筒厚度(釐米） 3 10 陶瓷纖維 絕緣層36 厚度(釐米） 3 無 保護用套筒厚度(釐米） 3 無 防風雨圍壁 是 最大加工溫度(°C) ~ 750 750 撓性壁部位之最高溫度(°c) 324 497 (請先閱讀背fi·之注意事項再填寫本頁) 經濟部中央標隼局員工消費合作社印製 從圖表中之數據可清楚見到根據本發明製成之撓性接頭 ，將導致由接頭撓性壁部位所經歷到之極低溫度。此將^ 著導致接頭之長久壽命，以及更適用且更經濟之採用多種 材料結構之機會。 -16- 本紙伕尺度適用中國國家標準（CNS ) A4規格（210X29·/公釐）297 mm) Staff Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards, Ministry of Economic Affairs, printed 321712 V. Description of the invention (12) Surface and the layer of anti-corrosion material 2 8 Inner end portion 16 between the inner surfaces of the inner surface, vertical sleeve 2 2 Measure the distance. The overlap of the sleeve member 21 in the second hard wall portion 14 indicated by the distance 1 in Fig. 4 is at least 5 times the distance d. The distance is preferably at least 200 cm. The distance a measured from the end of the sleeve member 2 1 to the second hard wall portion 14 along a line parallel to the longitudinal axis of the sleeve 22 is at least 25 cm. The present invention will be further described by the following illustrative examples. Example The operating temperature of the flexible wall portion of the flexible joint according to the present invention can be calculated. The flexible joint "has the general structure shown in Fig. 1, but uses the insulating material layer shown in Fig. 3, the protective sleeve and the arrangement of the refractive oxide layer. The joints were installed in the upright pipes of the regenerated catalysts in traditional fluid catalytic fractionation plants after consideration. The processing fluid in operation is assumed to contain hydrocarbon gas and catalyst for transportation. In the worst case, the space between the sleeve and the flexible wall is assumed to be filled with gas without catalyst. The flexible joint meets the requirements of the second form of the present invention as shown in FIG. 4 and assumes a geometric shape at the free end of the sleeve. The details of the joint structure, the operating temperature, and the final temperature of the flexible wall of the joint are shown in the table below. For comparison purposes, similar calculations are made for flexible joints of the same structure, but the insulating material is omitted. The details and results of this inspection are stated in the table. 3 -15- The paper size is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (2 丨 0'〆297mm) (please read the notes on the back first (Fill in this page)-Installation · A7 B7 5. Description of the invention (13) Comparative example of charts Thickness of sleeve (cm) 3 10 Insulation layer of ceramic fiber 36 Thickness (cm) 3 Thickness of sleeve without protection (cm) 3 No protection Wind and rain walls are the maximum processing temperature (° C) ~ 750 750 the maximum temperature of the flexible wall part (° c) 324 497 (please read the notes on the back fi first and then fill out this page) Employee consumption of the Central Standard Falcon Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs The data printed in the chart by the cooperative shows that the flexible joint made in accordance with the present invention will result in extremely low temperatures experienced by the flexible wall portion of the joint. This will lead to a long life of the joint, and a more suitable and economical opportunity to adopt a variety of material structures. -16- The paper scale is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A4 specification (210X29 · / mm)