_B6_ 五、發明説明（/ ) 本發明係有關於一種熱軋網帶孔洞之偵測条統，持別 傜指一種利用光學影像處理方式在銷帶生産線上即時檢測 出孔洞缺陷之熱軋鋼帶孔洞之光學偵測条統。 按，所謂的『熱軋綱帶』工場卽係將厚2 70ΠΠ的扁鏑 胚钆延成厚1.2 -13B1D之網帶並盤捲打包之作業；在熱軋 銷帶的現場，生産線的速率最高可為12()()βρπ,同時銷帶 盤捲的溫度高達8001C,而在熱軋銷帶生産過程中，由於 製程的變動及網胚本身材質的變化，在钢帶軋延時偶而會 出現孔洞型態之缺陷，惟受彼此製程能力的影鬱，不容易 界定清楚究竟是網胚品質或是軋延製程的因素導致孔洞的 發生；再者，孔洞的發生沒有任何先兆，而為偶發且不規 則性，同時由於生産線的限制使得孔洞的發生無法以人工 方式檢出；故當銅帶直接售出後，常因孔洞缺陷，而遭致 訴賠，不但涉及銷料作廢且有可能造成下游生産設備的損 壞或停機修理，同時亦影響公司的形象。 經濟部中央標準局B工消費合作社印焚 <請先間而之注意#項再填寫本頁) 裝· 本案發明人傜服務於中國鋼鐵股份有限公司，有鑑於 熱軋銷帶的生産過程中，因孔洞的發生導致銷帶的作廢、 下游生産設備的損壞等缺失，乃萌發創作意識，期以提供 一種熱軋鋼帶孔洞偵測糸統，可在熱軋銅帶生産線上即時 偵測孔洞缺陷，進而防止有孔洞缺陷的钢帶外流，在發明 人潛心研究設計下，經過多次的實驗測試，终於有本發明 的産生。 緣是，本發明之主要目的在提供一種熱軋钢帶孔洞之 光學偵測条統，其利用光學影像處理方式可在钢帶生産線 本紙張又度適用中國K家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） Λ6 B6 五、發明説明（> ) 上即時檢測出孔洞之發生，以防止具孔洞缺陷之網帶外流。 本發明之另一目的在提供一種熱軋钢帶孔洞之光學偵 澜糸统，其可將邸時檢出之資料加以記錄並儲存，以作為 品管的依據；同時亦可藉檢出之資料，將各種製程條件分 類，以歸纳找出正確的解決方向者。 為期使貴審査委員對於本發明之目的、功效及構ίΐ 持街[有更詳盡明確的瞭解，兹舉一値較佳實施例並配合圖 式說明如后： 第一圖所示傜本發明基本結構之示意圖。 第二圖所示係本發明介面電路的電路圖。 第三圖所示偽本發明中斷程式的流程圖。 第四圖所示者偽兩軸微調機構之側視圖。 第五圖所示者係兩軸微調機構之後視圖。 第六圖所示傜本發明自動孔洞偵測程式的流程圖。 第七圖所示係本發明孔洞的電氣訊號圖。 經濟部中央標準局R工消费合作社印製 (•^先閱-喷面之注念麥項再填寫本頁) —裝. 如前所述者，由於熱軋鋼帶生産線速率甚快（ 12 00πιρπι )及銷廠常有之惡劣環境如産品幅射出的高溫、冷卻設備 産生的水汽、以及頭端穿帶時銷帶之跳動等，發明人經考 量各種檢測方式後，決定以光學非接觸方式進行熱軋鏑帶 孔洞的檢測；同時，為配合生産線的速率1200IBPID及以往 钢帶出現孔洞型態之經驗，發明人將鏑帶孔洞的檢測標準 定在1 CD >U cm ,亦即本糸統可檢测出最小的钢帶孔洞為 1 cm * 1 cb者。 諳參閲第一圖所示偽本發明基本结構之示意圖，由圖 衣紙張尺度通用中家彳S準（CNS>甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） A6 B6 2l〇^，v〇 五、發明説明（¾ ) 可知本發明之檢測糸統主要偽由熱金屬感知器10 (Hot M-etal Detector)、CCD線形攝影機11及其控制器12、介面 電路13、平面攝影機14、影像擷取卡15、錄影機16、個人 電腦17與線狀高頻光源18所組成；本發明的基本原理係將 一線狀高頻光源18置於銷帶A下方以背光方式投光在銷帶 A上，在钢帶A的上方則設置有CCD線形攝影機11,當正常 鏑帶A在線狀高頻光源18上方時，線狀高頻光源18無法進 入CCD線狀攝影機11,是以由CCD線狀攝影機11的控制器 12可得一低電壓值，當鏑帶A有孔洞發生時，線狀高頻光 源18即由孔洞透出，使CCD線狀攝影機11感光成像，經由 控制器12、介面電路13將資料傳送給痼人電腦17,艏人電 腦17中存有控制軟體，其可根據各種訊息，分析是否確為 孔洞，並記錄其大小、位置，因而逹到檢測熱軋銷帶孔洞 之目的，另外；在網帶A的上方設有平面攝影機14,其可 攝取網帶A表面之狀況，使經由影像擷取卡15將偵測結果 等資料合成電視訊號存於錄影機16,以方便快速複檢；至 於本發明各構成單元，則進一步說明如下： (1) CCD線形攝影機及其控制器·· CCD線形攝影機偽 由CCD直列感知器、光學鏡頭及控制器所組成，其中，CCD 為Carge Coupled Deviced縮寫，為目前攝影機常用之感 光元件，在本發明中，威知器係由2048個感知單元緊密的 排列在一直線上所組成，攝影機的控制器毎固定一週期即 將感知單元上所累積的光能轉換成電氣訊號輸出，該固定 週期即所謂的成光時間，亦可稱為掃描頻率，另外，在做 本紙張尺度適用中國固家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） ------------.---χ-------裝-------.叮 i請先背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) 經濟部中央標箏局貝工消費合作社印货 103'Vo λ6 _ R6_ 五、發明説明（4 ) (::^先閲.;;!粑面之注.4卡項再塡寫本頁) 孔洞偵測時，除孔洞訊號會被攝影機測得外，因網帶有寬 有窄.是.以銷帶兩邊也會透出光線，因此，本發明將根據 光線成像位置來分辨是否為孔洞，再者，控制器可將大於 某一設定臨界值的訊號，其發生位置（run length cade) 及該訊號是上升狀況或下降狀況，以數位方式記錄下來， 使依據該等訊號作各種分析判斷，如以下所示，CCD線形 攝影機输出的一次掃描電子訊號波形可能如下： -臨界電壓值（THRESHOD) 經與臨界值比較後，得二值化訊號如下： 其中个即上升緣，Φ為下降緣，上逑訊號奎分為2048 等分，當訊號有上升或下降出現，即將該等位置資料記錄 下來形成所諝的run length code ,如上例之code為202 ,560 , 1000 , 1 0 70 , 1460 , 1820 , 至於臨界電壓值大小 的決定，則依據現場環境作一適當電壓值的設定。在本實 施例中為配合鋼帶的生産速率120〇πρΠ ,控制器的掃描頻 率為3 000次/sec(此容後作進一步的描述）。 (2) 熱金屬感測器（HMD):其可檢知是否有红熱高溫 的钢帶欲通過檢測条统，若確定有，則送出信號予介面電 路，以利条统進行偵測。 經濟部中央揉準局員工消費合作社印製 (3) 介面電路：如第二圖所示偽本發明介面馆路之電 路圖，介面電路同時與CCD線形攝影機之控制器及熱金屬 戚測器（HMD)連接，以將訊號送入痼人電腦，另外，由於 電腦處理毎次攝影機掃描之資料所需時間，視各種情況而 本紙張尺度適用中因Μ家W'4MCNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公产） 103¾CA. 經濟部中央標準局8工消費合作杜印« ΛΓ) _R6_ ·· 五、發明説明（f) 定，為提升条統執行效率及逹到每秒300 0次掃掸之需求， 本發明尚利用CCD線形攝影機之控制器的”完成掃描”訊 號，如不圖所示者，以驅動個人電腦内之中斷条统（有開-_I~~ f i 中斷程式的流程如第三圖所示）.使艏人電腦可將run length code灰時間資料存入56k的循環記億體内，等待 程式取用以避免資料流朱，有關逹成前述功能的相關電子 電路設計偽以介面卡形式安裝於個人電腦内，由於為習知 技藝可完成者，且非為本發明的主要特徽，故發明人不再 加以贅述。 (4) 平面攝影機、影像擷取卡、錄影機：為複檢方便 ，本發明更於網帶上方設有平面攝影機，其可攝取網帶影 像，並經影像擷取卡將偵測結果與時間顯示訊號等合成為 電視訊鉍，而後送入錄影機錄影，如此當銷帶軋延作業暫 停時，操作人員可快速的根據電腦報表資料配合錄影機之 放影以確定孔洞的存在。 (5) 個人電腦：在本發明中，偽採用32位元的値人電 腦，配合適當的軟體控制程式設計，可作各種軋延狀況的 判斷分析、偵測網帶之孔洞缺陷，並將结果儲存於硬碟及 顯示於顯像器上。 (6) 線狀高頻光源：當CCD線形攝影機在作高頻掃描 時，若背光光源使用一般的60Hz電源，如下圖（a)所示，_B6_ V. Description of the invention (/) The present invention relates to a hot-rolled mesh belt hole detection system, and it refers to a hot-rolled steel belt hole that uses optical image processing to detect hole defects on the pin belt production line in real time The optical detection system. According to the press, the so-called "Hot Rolled Strip" factory is the operation of extending the flat dysprosium gadolinium 2 70ΠΠ into a thick 1.2 -13B1D mesh belt and coiling it; at the site of the hot rolled strip, the speed of the production line It can be up to 12 () () βρπ, and the temperature of the pin coil is as high as 8001C. In the process of hot-rolled pin strip production, due to changes in the manufacturing process and changes in the material of the mesh blank, delays occur in the steel strip rolling occasionally The defects of the hole type are only affected by each other's process capabilities. It is not easy to clearly define whether the quality of the net embryo or the rolling process causes the occurrence of the hole; furthermore, the occurrence of the hole does not have any harbinger, but is occasional and Irregularity, at the same time, due to the limitation of the production line, the occurrence of holes cannot be detected manually; therefore, when the copper tape is directly sold, it is often prosecuted due to hole defects, which not only involves the scrap of materials and may cause Downstream production equipment damage or shutdown repairs also affect the company's image. Printed and burned by the B Bureau of Industry and Consumers of the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs <please pay attention to the # items before filling out this page) Outfit · The inventor of this case, Tong, served in China Iron and Steel Co., Ltd. , Due to the occurrence of holes, such as the invalidation of the pin belt and the damage of downstream production equipment, etc., it is a creative awareness to provide a hot-rolled steel belt hole detection system, which can detect hole defects on the hot-rolled copper belt production line in real time In order to prevent the outflow of the steel strip with hole defects, the inventors have made intensive research and design, and after many experimental tests, the invention finally came into being. The reason is that the main purpose of the present invention is to provide an optical detection system for the holes of hot-rolled steel strip, which can use optical image processing to apply the Chinese K home standard (CNS) A4 specifications to the steel strip production line. (210 X 297 mm) Λ6 B6 5. Description of the invention (>) The occurrence of holes was detected on the spot to prevent the outflow of mesh belts with hole defects. Another object of the present invention is to provide an optical detection system for hot-rolled steel strip holes, which can record and store the data detected at the residence as a basis for quality control; at the same time, it can also borrow the detected data , Classify various process conditions to find out the correct solution direction. In order to make your review committee have a more detailed and clear understanding of the purpose, efficacy and structure of the present invention, here is a list of preferred embodiments and the following description with the drawings: The first figure shows the basics of the present invention Schematic diagram of the structure. The second figure shows the circuit diagram of the interface circuit of the present invention. The third figure shows a flowchart of the pseudo-interrupt routine of the present invention. The side view of the pseudo two-axis fine adjustment mechanism shown in the fourth figure. The fifth figure shows the rear view of the two-axis fine adjustment mechanism. The sixth figure shows the flow chart of the automatic hole detection program of the present invention. The seventh figure shows the electrical signal diagram of the hole of the present invention. Printed by the R Industry and Consumer Cooperative of the Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (• ^ first-reading-memory items on the spray surface and then fill out this page) — installed. As mentioned earlier, due to the high speed of the hot-rolled steel strip production line (12 00πιρπι ) And the harsh environment often found in sales factories, such as the high temperature emitted by the product, the water vapor generated by the cooling equipment, and the jump of the pin belt when the head end is worn, etc. After considering various detection methods, the inventor decided to use the optical non-contact method Carried out the inspection of hot-rolled dysprosium with holes; at the same time, in order to match the production line's speed of 1200 IBPID and the previous experience of the steel belt with holes, the inventors set the detection standard of dysprosium with holes at 1 CD > U cm It can be detected that the smallest steel strip hole is 1 cm * 1 cb. Please refer to the schematic diagram of the basic structure of the present invention shown in the first figure. From the figure to the paper size, the general standard of the household standard (CNS> A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) A6 B6 2l〇 ^, v〇 Description of the invention (¾) It can be seen that the detection system of the present invention mainly consists of a hot metal sensor 10 (Hot M-etal Detector), a CCD linear camera 11 and its controller 12, an interface circuit 13, a flat camera 14, an image capture card 15. The video recorder 16, the personal computer 17 and the linear high-frequency light source 18; the basic principle of the present invention is to place a linear high-frequency light source 18 under the pin belt A to project light on the pin belt A in a backlit manner, at A CCD linear camera 11 is provided above the steel belt A. When the normal dysprosium belt A is above the linear high-frequency light source 18, the linear high-frequency light source 18 cannot enter the CCD linear camera 11, so the CCD linear camera 11 The controller 12 can obtain a low voltage value. When a hole occurs in the dysprosium band A, the linear high-frequency light source 18 penetrates through the hole to make the CCD linear camera 11 image sensitively, and the data is transmitted through the controller 12 and the interface circuit 13 It is sent to the renren computer 17, and the control software is stored in the renren computer 17, its According to various information, analyze whether it is indeed a hole, and record its size and position, so that the purpose of detecting the hole of the hot-rolled pin belt is detected. In addition; a plane camera 14 is provided above the mesh belt A, which can capture the surface of the mesh belt A In order to facilitate quick re-examination, the TV signal is synthesized by the video capture card 15 to store the detection results and other data into the video recorder 16; as for the constituent units of the present invention, it is further described as follows: (1) CCD linear camera and The controller ·· The CCD linear camera is composed of a CCD in-line sensor, an optical lens and a controller. Among them, CCD is the abbreviation of Carge Coupled Deviced, which is the commonly used photosensitive element of the current camera. In the present invention, the knowledge device is composed of 2048 sensing units are closely arranged on a straight line. The camera controller converts the light energy accumulated on the sensing unit into an electrical signal output for a fixed period. This fixed period is the so-called light-forming time, which can also be called Scanning frequency, in addition, the standard of China Gujia Standard (CNS) Grade 4 (210 X 297 mm) is applicable to the paper size ------------.--- χ ----- - -------. Please note the matters on the back before writing this page) The Ministry of Economic Affairs Central Standards Bureau Beigong Consumer Cooperative Printed 103'Vo λ6 _ R6_ V. Description of the invention (4) (:: ^ Read first. ;;! Notes on the surface. 4 cards and then write this page) In the hole detection, except the hole signal will be measured by the camera, because the mesh belt is wide and narrow. Yes. The light will also pass through. Therefore, the present invention will distinguish whether it is a hole according to the light imaging position. Furthermore, the controller can detect a signal greater than a set threshold, its run length cade and the signal rise The status or decline status is recorded digitally to make various analysis and judgments based on these signals. As shown below, the waveform of the one-time scanning electronic signal output by the CCD linear camera may be as follows: -THRESHOD voltage and threshold value After comparison, the binarized signal is obtained as follows: One of them is the rising edge, Φ is the falling edge, and the upper signal is divided into 2048 equal parts. When the signal rises or falls, the location data is recorded to form the run length code, as the code in the above example is 202 , 560, 1000, 1 0 70, 1460, 1820. As for the determination of the critical voltage value, an appropriate voltage value is set according to the site environment. In this embodiment, in order to match the production rate of the steel strip to 120 ° πρΠ, the scanning frequency of the controller is 3 000 times / sec (further description will be made later). (2) Hot metal sensor (HMD): It can detect whether there is a red hot high temperature steel belt that wants to pass the detection system. If it is determined, it sends a signal to the interface circuit to facilitate the system to detect. Printed by the Employee Consumer Cooperative of the Central Ministry of Economic Affairs of the Ministry of Economic Affairs (3) Interface circuit: as shown in the second figure, the circuit diagram of the interface Guan Road of the present invention, the interface circuit is simultaneously with the controller of the CCD linear camera and the hot metal detector (HMD) ) Connect to send the signal to the computer. In addition, due to the time it takes for the computer to process the data scanned by each camera, depending on the circumstances, this paper standard is applicable to the M4 W'4MCNS) A 4 specification (210 X 297 Public production) 103¾CA. The Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Industrial and Consumer Cooperation Du Yin «ΛΓ) _R6_ The invention still uses the "Complete Scanning" signal of the controller of the CCD linear camera, as shown in the figure, to drive the interruption system in the personal computer (the process of the interrupt program with open-_I ~~ fi is shown in the third figure) ). The foreman computer can store the run length code gray time data into a 56k loop memory, waiting for the program to access to avoid the data flow. The relevant electronic circuit design related to the aforementioned function is pseudo-installed in the form of an interface card to The personal computer, since to be completed by conventional techniques, and the main features of the present invention the non-emblem, so that the inventors will not be repeated. (4) Flat camera, image capture card, video recorder: For the convenience of re-examination, the present invention is further provided with a flat camera above the mesh belt, which can capture the image of the mesh belt, and the detection result and time are detected by the image capture card The display signal and other signals are synthesized into TV signal bismuth, and then sent to the video recorder for recording, so that when the pin rolling operation is suspended, the operator can quickly cooperate with the video recorder to determine the existence of the hole according to the computer report data. (5) Personal computer: In the present invention, a 32-bit personal computer is assumed to be used in conjunction with appropriate software control program design, which can be used to judge and analyze various rolling conditions, detect hole defects in the mesh belt, and compare the results. Store on hard disk and display on the monitor. (6) Linear high-frequency light source: When the CCD linear camera is performing high-frequency scanning, if the backlight light source uses a general 60Hz power supply, as shown in (a) below,
/請先問‘.!背面之注念承項再埙寫本頁> -裝- •ΤΓ. 冰- 本紙張尺度通用中國囲家標準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公货） 210376 Λ6 B6 -五.V發明説明（έ)/ Please ask '.! On the back of the note item and then write this page > -installed- • ΤΓ. Ice- This paper scale is common to China National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 public goods) 210376 Λ6 B6 -V.V Invention Description (έ)
(請先閱^背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) *ΤΓ. 則當掃描頻率為3000次哼，每一次掃描之背景光強度將起 伏不定，從示波器看卽背景會上下産生抖動，如此一來將 使得臨界電壓值難以設定，是以本發明利用高頻安定器使 背景光源固定為2CKHz,則由圃（b)可知背景光源強度差 異將相當有限，且毎次掃描時背景光源都固定閃爍6-7次 ，使得背景光源穩定，以利臨界電壓值的設定。其次，為 配合钢帶的寬度規格（最大為15OO10B)以及視角考量，本 發明選角長1800ππ且具有30度透明視窗（Aperture)之燈管 (亦稱Aperture lamp),在透明視窗的範圍可得較一般燈 管強之亮度。 烴濟部中央標準局S工消费合作社印製 前述各單元在安装時，必須考量条統的耐熱、防塵及 方便安装調整等要求，如燈管係安裝於棍輪下方，而與800 C銷帶相距約50cib且常有鐵屑污染，故適時用水冲刷外殼 ，兼具有冷卻及沖洗作用；攝影機殼也用水冷，另外鏡頭 部份加裝壓縮空氣，除具冷卻作用外亦可産生正壓以防止 灰塵及油氣污染鏡頭；又，由於攝影機及燈管均為線狀， 故本發明在攝影機之機殼加設有俯仰角及水平旋轉兩軸微 本紙張又度適用中因《孓作苹（CNS〉甲4规格（21〇 X 297公货） 一 A6 A6 經濟部中央標準局S工消费合作社印製 _____I_B6_ 五、發明説明（7 ) 調機構，如第四、五圖所示者偽兩軸徹調機溝之側視圔及 後視圖，.由圖可知，線形攝影機傜可裝設於兩軸微調機構 下方之圓盤2 0上，而兩軸徹調機構上方之固定座21刖固定 於偵測現場之基礎橋架上，藉由調整螺栓22可使軸23作水 平讁整，而藉由旋轉螺栓24帶動十字螺塊25上下移動，可 以軸26為支點，作俯仰調整，有此兩軸徹調機構可使線形 攝影機在短時間内即完成調整進而與燈管在共平面上。 前面提及，本發明之檢測条統至少要能檢測出大小為 1 cm * 1 cm之孔洞，故条統檢出能力設計如下·· 横向解析度：CCD線形攝影機有2048値感知單元，鏑 帶寬度為1.5M,故橫向解析度為 1500/2048=0.73 mi 縱向解析度：網帶速率最快為1200πιρπι ,故掃描週期 至少應為 1/[(1200 n/min / 60 sec/rain)>:<100 cn/n】 = l/ 2000秒 亦即毎秒掃描2 0 0 0次，但為考量CCD感像原理，如缺 陷剛好横跨兩次掃描則可能無法測出，故本發明之設計選 則控制器每秒掃描3 0 0(3次，以滿足解析度的要求。 另外，由於孔洞的發生率在銷帶生産過程中相當低， 再加上現場環境相當惡劣，因此値人電腦中的控制軟體在 設計時，需考量下列因素方能精確找出缺陷，同時避免環 境干擾，以減少現場品管操作員複檢之人力負擔。 (1)水汽：在網帶軋延之空檔須用水冷卻棍輪因而産 生大量水汽遮斷燈光，致使条統誤判.經唁試各種數位方 本紙張AJt適用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） 81.9.20,000 冬 ς請先閱讀货面之注意事項再填寫本頁) 丨裝- ，11. 經濟部中央镖準局β工消费合作社印製 10^0 A6 _____B6_ 五、發明説明（§ ) 法均無法避免，故加裝熱金屬感測器（HMD),當確定有紅 熱高溫鋼.帶通過時，始進行偵測。 (2) 邊導器（side guide)及火花：通常在網帶盤捲 機前有一活動式的邊導器，以幫肋盤捲機捲出較佳外形之 銷捲，由於邊導器會隨箸銷帶寬窄移動，且鏑帶在邊導器 間游移不定使其邊綠時明時暗.與孔洞訊號類似，因此在 銅帶進入前須先追蹤邊導器之位置以判斷訊號是否為邊緣 或孔洞，其次，邊導器與高速行駛之銷帶摩擦，會産生大 量的火花，其訊號形態與孔洞完全類似，無法以軟體分辨 ,因此藉由選擇光源強度大於火花兩倍以上之燈源以及設 定適當的臨界值來克服。 (3) 魚尾：銷帶軋延時，魚尾的産生乃正常現象，但 對線形攝影機而言，魚尾卻是一種孔洞，是以為分辨魚尾 與孔洞，發明人將各疑似孔洞之訊號聯结起來並發現，真 正的孔洞周邊為一閉迴路（close loop),而魚尾為一開放 迴路（open loop),根據此特性，即可將魚尾與孔洞分辨 出以減少品管人員之負擔。 {請先閲讀»面之注意事項再塡.骂本頁) 丨裝·(Please read ^ Notes on the back before filling in this page) * ΤΓ. When the scanning frequency is 3,000 times, the background light intensity of each scan will fluctuate, and the background will shake up and down when viewed from the oscilloscope. It will make the threshold voltage value difficult to set. Therefore, the invention uses a high-frequency stabilizer to fix the background light source at 2CKHz. From the garden (b), it can be seen that the difference in the intensity of the background light source will be quite limited, and the background light source will always flicker during each scan 6 -7 times to make the background light source stable to facilitate the setting of the critical voltage value. Secondly, in order to match the width specifications of the steel strip (maximum 15OO10B) and viewing angle considerations, the present invention selects a lamp with a length of 1800ππ and a 30-degree transparent window (Aperture lamp), also available in the range of transparent windows Stronger brightness than normal lamps. Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Hydrocarbon Economy and printed by the S Industry and Consumer Cooperatives, the above units must be considered for heat resistance, dustproofness, and convenient installation and adjustment. For example, the lamp tube is installed under the roller, and the 800 C pin belt The distance is about 50cib and there is often iron filings pollution, so flush the shell with water at the right time, which has both cooling and rinsing effects; the camera case is also water-cooled, and the lens part is equipped with compressed air, which can also produce positive pressure in addition to cooling In order to prevent the lens from being contaminated by dust and oil and gas; also, since the camera and the lamp tube are linear, the invention is provided with a tilt angle and a horizontal rotation two-axis micro-book paper in the camera case. (CNS> A4 specifications (21〇X 297 public goods)) A6 A6 Printed by S Industry and Consumer Cooperative of Central Bureau of Standards of the Ministry of Economic Affairs _____I_B6_ V. Description of invention (7) Adjustment mechanism, as shown in the fourth and fifth figures Side view and rear view of the two-axis thorough adjustment machine groove. As can be seen from the figure, the linear camera can be installed on the disc 20 below the two-axis fine adjustment mechanism, and the fixed seat 21 above the two-axis fine adjustment mechanism Fixed at the base of the detection site On the foundation bridge, the shaft 23 can be horizontally adjusted by adjusting the bolt 22, and the cross screw 25 can be driven to move up and down by rotating the bolt 24, and the shaft 26 can be used as a fulcrum for pitch adjustment. Make the linear camera complete the adjustment in a short time and be in the same plane with the lamp. As mentioned above, the detection strip of the present invention must be able to detect a hole with a size of 1 cm * 1 cm, so the strip detection ability The design is as follows: · Horizontal resolution: CCD linear camera has a 2048-value sensing unit, and the width of the dysprosium belt is 1.5M, so the horizontal resolution is 1500/2048 = 0.73 mi. Vertical resolution: the fastest belt speed is 1200πιρπι, so the scanning cycle It should be at least 1 / [(1200 n / min / 60 sec / rain) >: < 100 cn / n] = l / 2000 seconds, that is, 20,000 scans per second, but to consider the principle of CCD imaging, If the defect is just across two scans, it may not be detected, so the design of the present invention selects the controller to scan 300 (3 times per second to meet the resolution requirements. In addition, because the incidence of holes in the pin belt The production process is quite low, and the on-site environment is quite harsh, so In the design of the control software in the human computer, the following factors need to be considered to accurately identify defects, while avoiding environmental interference, to reduce the labor burden of on-site quality control operators for re-inspection. (1) Water vapor: rolling in the mesh belt The idle gear must be cooled with water, which generates a large amount of water vapor to block the light, resulting in misjudgment of the system. After testing various digital square papers, AJt is applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 81.9.20,000 winter ς Please read the precautions on the goods first and then fill out this page) 丨 Installed-, 11. Printed by the Central Dart Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs β Industry Consumer Cooperatives 10 ^ 0 A6 _____B6_ V. The description of the invention (§) method cannot be avoided, so Install a hot metal sensor (HMD), when it is determined that there is red hot high temperature steel. (2) Side guide (side guide) and spark: usually there is a movable side guide in front of the mesh belt reel to help the rib coiler to roll out the better-shaped pin roll, because the side guide will follow The chop pin has a narrow bandwidth, and the dysprosium band moves between the side guides indefinitely, making the side green light and dark. Similar to the hole signal, it is necessary to track the position of the side guide before the copper strip enters to determine whether the signal is an edge or Holes, secondly, friction between the side guides and the high-speed driving pin belt will generate a lot of sparks. The signal shape is completely similar to the holes and cannot be distinguished by software, so by selecting a light source with a light source intensity greater than twice the spark and setting Appropriate threshold to overcome. (3) Fish tail: The production of fish tail is delayed due to the pin rolling. However, for the linear camera, the fish tail is a kind of hole, which is to distinguish the fish tail from the hole. The inventor connected the signals of each suspected hole and found The real hole is a closed loop and the fish tail is an open loop. According to this feature, the fish tail and the hole can be distinguished to reduce the burden of quality control personnel. {Please read the »Notes on the face before 塡. Scold this page) 丨 装 ·
訂I (4)光源水紋：光源置於棍輪下方並用水冲刷冷卽， 在燈管玻璃表面會産生波浪狀水紋，使得CCD線形攝影機 産生水纹般的背景訊號，如下圖（A)所示，其頻率與孔涵Book I (4) Light source watermark: The light source is placed under the roller and washed with cold water, which will produce a wavy watermark on the glass surface of the lamp tube, causing the CCD linear camera to produce a watermark-like background signal, as shown in the following figure (A) As shown, its frequency and hole culvert
(A) (P) 類似，無法以濾波器加以去除，後來發明人葙由堉加訊號 之增益，使訊號飽和後如圖（B)所示，才得到較滿意的结 本紙張ΑΛ·通用中國國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） 81.9.20,000 -| 0- 210370 經濟部中央標準局R工消费合作社印製 A6 B6 五、發.明説明（y ) 果，同時也由於適當的增益，使光學糸統對抗環境污染的 容忍性大.為改善。 而値人電腦中之控制軟髏除具有自動孔洞偵測功能外 尚具有下述之功能： (1) run length code顯示：如前所述，本功能主要在 觀察CCD成像位置，並可作為条統介面硬體偵錯及糸統參 數設定之參考。 (2) 自動孔洞偵測功能：包括自動偵測鋼帶頭尾寬窄 、孔洞大小計算，時間記錄，及存入硬碟檔案等，此為本 糸統最主要的功能，其程式流程圖如第六圖所示。 (3) 檔案資料檢視：將孔洞檔案資料内容以圖表示， 以方便操作人員分析當日銷帶孔洞的偵測情況。 (4) 頭尾原始資料之存取：由於鋼帶訊號一般以頭/ 尾端較為複雜，為方便軟體測試，特使軟體控制程式具有 將頭/尾之原始56K資料存入/取出於硬碟上之功，以方便 硬體及軟體之偵錯與雒護。 本發明之測試条統在安裝於現場後，隨即進行冷板測 試，首先在寬126.5(^、538(；111之窮帶上以焰切製造10値不 同大小及形狀的孔洞，其大小及位置如表一所示，利用線 上停機之空檔，將試片吊於輸送檯作往復快速運動測試， 由於試片與棍輪僅靠摩擦力傳動，速率僅達約384mpro,而 與1200ιπριπ有一段差距，但可利用其結果推算至1 200πριπ 之倩形。 由於本条統較菝格的條件為縱向解析度，而橫向解析 本紙張又度適用中囲國家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） 八（· 81,9.20,000 ---------------Ί{-------裝丨；-----1Τ C請先閱-货面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) ^1〇3JV〇 A6 B6 五、發明説明（）〇) 度則優於期望值很多，因此只分析縱向解析度，在網帶移 動速率為.384mpm時，若每秒掃描3000次則其縱向解析度為 表 hole ID size 1 X 座標 y 座標 a 2 . 0 >：< 1.5 100 68 b 1.2。 2 4 103 c 1.0。 63 136 d 2.40 100 192 e 2 . 0 * 2 . 0 34 200 hole size X y ID w>：( 1 座標 座標 f 3.0。 70 242 g 2.0〇 39 286 h 1.8。 70 310 i 4 . 3〇 110 360 j 3 . 6 * 2 · 3 44 390 (請先閲讀背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) -裝· *濟部中與螵準局R工消费合作社印製 表 hole ID detected time transverse location total pixel detected continuous scans es t imat length a 3 519 263 9 18.9 b 5 1549 165 6 12.6 c 7 1040 119 5 10.5 d 10 492 400 11 23.1 e 11 1407 275 10 21.0 f 13 905 789 15 .31.5 g 15 1320 478 12 25.2 h 16 864 378 8 16.8 i 19 340 1042 18 37.8 j 20 1242 607 12 25.2 訂. 本紙張尺度適用中a «家螵準（CNS)甲4现格（210 X 297公货） ^ I 2-- 81-9-20,000 »濟#中央標準局Ri消费合作社印» Α6 ____Β6_-_ 五、發明説明（/ f ) 384 m/min « 1000 ππι/ιπ / 60 sec/min / 3000 scan/sc = 2..1 d〇7s can H以此計算值來驗證實際之偵測值。 如表二所示為偵測出之報表數值，第一稱位為何時偵 測出，相對於試Η之Y座標，第二槻為孔洞之横‘向圖素（ Pixel),.相對於X座標，第四槲位為孔洞連缅出現之掃描 數，相對於孔洞之長度方向，第三稱位為孔洞全部被偵測 之圖素，本橱位除以第四稱位可估記孔洞之平均寬度值， 第五欄位為第四欄位乘以估計之縱向解析度，為所估計之 孔洞長度。 將表二第五攔所載之孔洞長度估計值，與表一之孔洞 大小值作一比較對應，可知表二所得结果基本上與表一大 致相符，至於誤差之由來，請參閲第七圖所示係本發明孔 洞的電氣訊號圖，由圖可知，網帶A上兩相同大小之孔洞 A 1、A2,因其位置不同而可能産生不同的掃描訊號S ,其 中左邊的孔洞A 1出現五次，右邊的孔洞A 2出現四次，但隨 箸背景干擾訊號因素，臨界值之選定隨之而異，是以，左 邊之孔洞A1有可能只出現三次掃描訊號，而右邊的孔洞A2 仍出現四次，因此+/——次掃描誤差仍屬正常，另外由於 試Η較短且不平整，高速傳動産生跳動致使其實際之投影 長度較量測值為小（投影長度在網帶為水平狀態時為最長 ，若銷帶有傾斜則投影長度將較短），亦為誤差之原因之 一。綜合以上之理由，縱向解析度之計算應屬可信，因此 可據以推估在1200ΠΡΠ時之縱向解析度為0.67CU,在此解 本紙張尺度適用中困Β家標準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） 81.9.20.000 _______ ----------------1-------裝！ — ！ir c請先閲货背面之注意事項再填寫本頁) «濟部中央標準居R工消费合作社印製 21037ο αγ, _____Β6_ 五、發明説明（/>) 析度下，lcm之孔洞確實可偵測出。 以冷.片證實本条統之檢測能力後，隨卽進行現場線上 (on line)之測試，為驗證糸統之可靠性及是否有干擾誤 判，發明人同時安裝平面攝影機以攝取銷帶影像，再經影 像擷取卡，將偵測結果及時間顯示訊號合成為電視訊號， &送入錄影機錄影，以為對照，雖然平面攝影機之感光時 間為1/30秒，解析度較差，無法分辨連續相鄰出現孔洞之 痼數，但對有無孔洞以目視判斷則效果甚佳，尤其是配合 自動檢剧条統孔洞發生時間之記錄量兩相對照即可確定孔 洞之有無，在測試期間，条統均可持續檢測，無停機，證 實条統的穩定性。 從測試期間硬碟檔案資料看，出現甚多尾部孔洞，因 尾部孔洞在網捲外層，是以吾人可輕易發現並予以切除， 而發明人僅針對鏑帶頭/中段孔洞進行複檢，由於孔洞位 在鏑帶内層.故攤檢作業困難.但經過複檢比對證實，本 条统確實有將孔洞撿測出，因此而證明本糸统的解析度及 可靠性。 綜上所述，本發明熱軋網帶孔洞之光學偵測系统，除 檢測解析度已達品管標準外，對於整體機溝的安裝及設計 ，經過宵地測試後，亦可承受現場高溫及大量水汽之環境 ，且糸統之穩定性及偵測能力之可靠性亦經線上測試，並 經複檢比對證實；在目前熱钆場因環境惡劣，而無自動檢 驗設備的倩況下，本發明的設計誠已具備産業上的利用價 值，发依法提出專利申請，懇請惠予審査並賜准專利實感 <請先閱¾背面之注意事項再塡寫本頁) --裝_ 訂. '.f 本紙張尺度適用中WH家棵準（CNS)甲4規格（210 X 297公釐） 一命 81.9.20,000 A6 2i〇3!7〇 __B6_ 五、發明説明（〇) 德便。 惟以.上所述僅偽本發明之一較佳實施例而已，故舉凡 應用本發明說明書及申請專利範圍所述而為之等效结構變 化，理應包含於本發明之專利範躊。 (.請先閱i背面之注意事項再場寫本頁) 經濟部中央標準局典工消费合作社印紫 本紙張尺度適用中a國家梂準（CNS)甲4规格（210 X 297公釐） 4- 81.9.20,000(A) (P) Similarly, it cannot be removed with a filter. Later, the inventor added the gain of the signal by 堉 Yu to saturate the signal as shown in (B). National Standards (CNS) A4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 81.9.20,000-| 0- 210370 Printed by the Central Standards Bureau of the Ministry of Economic Affairs R and Consumer Cooperatives A6 B6 V. Issuing a clear explanation (y), but also because of Appropriate gain makes the optical system more tolerant to environmental pollution. For improvement. In addition to the automatic hole detection function, the control soft bones in the Void computer also have the following functions: (1) run length code display: As mentioned above, this function is mainly used to observe the CCD imaging position and can be used as a bar Reference for hardware debugging and parameter setting of system interface. (2) Automatic hole detection function: including automatic detection of the width of the head and tail of the steel tape, calculation of hole size, time recording, and storage of hard disk files, etc. This is the most important function of the system, and its program flowchart is as shown in the sixth The picture shows. (3) File data review: The content of the hole file data is represented by a graph to facilitate the operator to analyze the detection situation of the hole with the hole on the same day. (4) Access to the original data of the head and tail: Because the signal of the steel belt is generally more complicated with the head / tail end, in order to facilitate software testing, the special software control program has the function of storing / retrieving the original 56K data of the head / tail on the hard disk The power to facilitate hardware and software debugging and protection. After the test strip of the present invention is installed in the field, cold plate test is carried out immediately. First, 10 holes with different sizes and shapes are produced by flame cutting in the wide band of 126.5 (^, 538 (; 111), and their size and position As shown in Table 1, the test piece and the roller are only driven by frictional force, and the speed is only about 384mpro, which is a gap from 1200ιπριπ, because the test piece and the roller are driven by friction only. , But the results can be used to estimate the shape of 1 200πριπ. Because the condition of this rule is the vertical resolution, and the horizontal resolution of this paper is also applicable to the Chinese National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 Cli) Eight (· 81,9.20,000 --------------- Ί {------- installed 丨; -1T C Please read first-goods (Notes to be written on this page) ^ 1〇3JV〇A6 B6 V. Description of the invention () 〇) The degree is better than the expected value, so only the longitudinal resolution is analyzed. When the moving speed of the mesh belt is .384mpm, if each Scanning 3000 times per second, the longitudinal resolution is table hole ID size 1 X coordinate y coordinate a 2. 0 >: < 1.5 100 68 b 1.2. 2 4 1 03 c 1.0. 63 136 d 2.40 100 192 e 2. 0 * 2. 0 34 200 hole size X y ID w >: (1 coordinate f 3.0. 70 242 g 2.0〇39 286 h 1.8. 70 310 i 4. 3〇110 360 j 3. 6 * 2 · 3 44 390 (please read the notes on the back before writing this page)-installed transverse location total pixel detected continuous scans es t imat length a 3 519 263 9 18.9 b 5 1549 165 6 12.6 c 7 1040 119 5 10.5 d 10 492 400 11 23.1 e 11 1407 275 10 21.0 f 13 905 789 15 .31.5 g 15 1320 478 12 25.2 h 16 864 378 8 16.8 i 19 340 1042 18 37.8 j 20 1242 607 12 25.2. This paper size is applicable to a «Household Standard (CNS) A 4 cash (210 X 297 public goods) ^ I 2-- 81-9-20,000 »Ji # Central Standards Bureau Ri Consumer Cooperative Print» Α6 ____ Β6 _-_ V. Description of the invention (/ f) 384 m / min «1000 ππι / ιπ / 60 sec / min / 3000 scan / sc = 2..1 d〇7s can H uses this calculated value to verify the actual detection value. As shown in Table 2, the detected report values, the first position is when detected, relative to the Y coordinate of the test Η, the second bar is the horizontal pixel of the hole (Pixel), relative to X The coordinate, the fourth misty position is the number of scans where the hole appears continuously. With respect to the length direction of the hole, the third position is the pixels of all the holes detected. The cabinet position is divided by the fourth position to estimate the hole. The average width value. The fifth column is the fourth column multiplied by the estimated longitudinal resolution, which is the estimated hole length. Compare the estimated length of the hole contained in the fifth block of Table 2 with the value of the hole size in Table 1. It can be seen that the results obtained in Table 2 are basically consistent with those in Table 1. For the origin of the error, please refer to the seventh figure The electrical signal diagram of the hole of the present invention is shown. It can be seen from the figure that two holes A1 and A2 of the same size on the mesh belt A may produce different scanning signals S due to their different positions. Among them, the left hole A 1 has five The second time, the hole A 2 on the right appears four times, but the selection of the threshold value varies with the background interference signal factor. Therefore, the hole A1 on the left may only appear three scan signals, while the hole A 2 on the right still appears Four times, so the + / —— sub-scan error is still normal. In addition, due to the short and uneven test, the actual projection length of the high-speed transmission jumps is smaller than the measured value (the projection length is horizontal in the mesh belt) The longest time, if the pin is inclined, the projection length will be shorter), which is also one of the reasons for the error. Based on the above reasons, the calculation of the vertical resolution should be credible, so it can be estimated that the vertical resolution at 1200ΠΡΠ is 0.67CU. Here, the paper size is applicable to the CNS A4 standard (210 X 297 mm) 81.9.20.000 _______ ---------------- 1 ------- install! —! ir c, please read the precautions on the back of the goods first and then fill out this page) «Printed by Jeju Central Standard Residence R Industry and Consumer Cooperatives 21037ο αγ, _____ Β6_ V. Description of the invention (/ >) Under the analysis, the hole of lcm is indeed detectable found out. After confirming the detection ability of this system with a cold film, the on-line test was carried out at the same time. To verify the reliability of the system and whether there was any misjudgment of interference, the inventor also installed a flat-screen camera to capture the pin tape image, and then Through the image capture card, the detection results and time display signals are combined into a TV signal, & sent to a video recorder for recording, as a control, although the sensitivity time of the flat camera is 1/30 seconds, the resolution is poor, and the continuous phase cannot be distinguished The number of adjacent holes appears, but the effect of visually judging the presence or absence of holes is very good, especially in conjunction with the automatic detection of the record amount of the occurrence time of holes. Two comparisons can be used to determine the presence or absence of holes. Continuous testing, no downtime, confirm the stability of the system. According to the hard disk file data during the test, there are many tail holes. Because the tail holes are outside the net roll, we can easily find and remove them. The inventor only rechecked the dysprosium lead / middle hole because of the hole position. In the inner layer of the dysprosium belt, it is difficult to perform the inspection. However, after re-examination and comparison, it is confirmed that this system does indeed detect the holes, so it proves the resolution and reliability of this system. In summary, the optical detection system of the hot-rolled mesh belt hole of the present invention, in addition to the detection resolution has reached the quality control standard, for the installation and design of the overall machine trench, after the night ground test, it can also withstand the high temperature on site and The environment of a large amount of water vapor, and the stability of the system and the reliability of the detection ability have also been tested online and confirmed by re-examination comparison; in the current hot gadolinium field because of the harsh environment, there is no automatic inspection equipment, The design of the present invention has already been used in the industry, and it has filed a patent application in accordance with the law. It is imperative to review and grant a patent sense. <Please read the notes on the back and then write this page) --install_ order. '.f The size of this paper is applicable to the WH Jiakezhun (CNS) A 4 specification (210 X 297 mm). One life 81.9.20,000 A6 2i〇3! 7〇__B6_ V. Invention description (〇) Debian. However, the above description is only a pseudo-preferred embodiment of the present invention. Therefore, any equivalent structural changes described in the description of the present invention and the scope of patent application should be included in the patent scope of the present invention. (Please read the precautions on the back of i before writing this page) The purple standard paper printed by the Ministry of Economic Affairs, Central Standards Bureau, Diangong Consumer Cooperative Society is applicable to the National Standard (CNS) A 4 specifications (210 X 297 mm) 4 -81.9.20,000