[用以實施發明的形態][Form used to implement the invention]
實施形態1.
自圖1至圖10，說明實施形態1之迴轉接頭。實施形態1之迴轉接頭，如圖1所示，其包括靜止體10與旋轉體20。
靜止體10，其為傳送來自發射電路30之發射訊號之輸入側傳送體。
旋轉體20，其為接收被靜止體10所傳送之發射訊號，以傳送往接收電路41,42之輸出側傳送體。
發射訊號，其為由微波、光所做之電磁波之訊號，以下稱做傳送訊號。
Implementation form 1.
From Figure 1 to Figure 10, the rotary joint of implementation form 1 is described. As shown in Figure 1, the rotary joint of implementation form 1 includes a stationary body 10 and a rotating body 20.
The stationary body 10 is an input side transmitter that transmits the transmission signal from the transmission circuit 30.
The rotating body 20 is an output side transmitter that receives the transmission signal transmitted by the stationary body 10 and transmits it to the receiving circuits 41 and 42.
The transmission signal is a signal of an electromagnetic wave made by microwaves and light, hereinafter referred to as a transmission signal.
旋轉體20，其將中心軸O作為同軸，相對於靜止體10而言，被相向配置，以中心軸O為中心而旋轉自如。
旋轉體20，其藉中介於與靜止體10間之中心軸O方向之相向面間之間隙之滾珠軸承（未圖示），使與靜止體10之相對性旋轉成為可能。而且，雖然將靜止體10作為輸入側傳送體，將旋轉體20作為輸出側傳送體，但是，也可以將靜止體10作為輸出側傳送體，將旋轉體20作為輸入側傳送體。
又，靜止體10與旋轉體20之關係，其只要相對性旋轉即可，所以，靜止體10與旋轉體20兩者也可以為旋轉者，為了方便，作為靜止體10以說明之。
The rotating body 20 is coaxial with the central axis O and is disposed opposite to the stationary body 10, and can rotate freely around the central axis O.
The rotating body 20 is enabled to rotate relative to the stationary body 10 by a ball bearing (not shown) interposed between the gap between the facing surfaces in the direction of the central axis O between the stationary body 10. Moreover, although the stationary body 10 is used as the input side transmission body and the rotating body 20 is used as the output side transmission body, the stationary body 10 can also be used as the output side transmission body and the rotating body 20 can be used as the input side transmission body.
In addition, the relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is that they only need to rotate relative to each other, so both the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 can also be rotating. For convenience, it is described as the stationary body 10.
靜止體10，如圖1及圖4所示，其包括第1分割導波管11與第1結合部12A與第2結合部12B與第1導波管13與第2導波管14。
第1分割導波管11與第1結合部12A與第2結合部12B與第1導波管13與第2導波管14，其形成第1導波管13的另一端部與第2導波管14的另一端部相向，將中心軸O作為中心之環狀。
亦即，以第1導波管13、第1結合部12A、第1分割導波管11、第2結合部12B、第2導波管14之順序，單向地，在實施形態1中，其以順時針，被配置為環狀。
以下，將位置方向作為順時針，以說明之。
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 4 , the stationary body 10 includes a first split waveguide 11, a first joint 12A, a second joint 12B, a first waveguide 13, and a second waveguide 14.
The first split waveguide 11, the first joint 12A, the second joint 12B, the first waveguide 13, and the second waveguide 14 form a ring shape with the other end of the first waveguide 13 and the other end of the second waveguide 14 facing each other and with the central axis O as the center.
That is, in the order of the first waveguide 13, the first joint 12A, the first split waveguide 11, the second joint 12B, and the second waveguide 14, they are arranged in a ring shape in a clockwise direction in the embodiment 1.
In the following, the position direction is described as clockwise.
在實施形態1中，於靜止體10中，將直交於中心軸O，與旋轉體20相向之面，稱做一面，將位於與一面相反之側之面，稱做另一面，將位於內周之面，稱做內周面，將位於外周之面，稱做外周面。
第1分割導波管11，其沿著將中心軸O作為中心之圓弧配置，於一面具有平坦之開口面11A。
第1分割導波管11之剖面形狀，如圖2所示，其為除去開口面11A後之矩形之具有三邊之形狀。
亦即，第1分割導波管11，其由具有另一面壁與內周壁與外周壁之圓弧狀之金屬性導體所形成。
In the first embodiment, in the stationary body 10, the surface perpendicular to the central axis O and facing the rotating body 20 is called one surface, the surface located on the opposite side of the one surface is called the other surface, the surface located on the inner periphery is called the inner peripheral surface, and the surface located on the outer periphery is called the outer peripheral surface.
The first split waveguide 11 is arranged along an arc with the central axis O as the center, and has a flat opening surface 11A on one surface.
The cross-sectional shape of the first split waveguide 11 is a rectangular shape with three sides after removing the opening surface 11A, as shown in FIG. 2.
That is, the first split waveguide 11 is formed by an arc-shaped metallic conductor having the other surface wall, the inner peripheral wall, and the outer peripheral wall.
在此之剖面形狀，其指沿著中心軸O之方向之剖面形狀，換言之，其指通過中心軸O，位於平行於中心軸O之平面上之剖面之形狀。
在以下之說明中，導波管之剖面形狀、及導波通路之剖面形狀，其也指沿著中心軸O之方向之剖面形狀。
The cross-sectional shape here refers to the cross-sectional shape along the direction of the central axis O, in other words, it refers to the shape of the cross section passing through the central axis O and located on a plane parallel to the central axis O.
In the following description, the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide and the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path also refer to the cross-sectional shape along the direction of the central axis O.
第1導波管13，其一端係透過第1結合部12A，被連接於第1分割導波管11的一端，另一端係被連接到輸出發射訊號之發射電路30。
第1導波管13之剖面形狀，如圖3所示，其為矩形。
第1導波管13，其沿著將中心軸O作為中心之圓弧配置，由具有一面壁與另一面壁與內周壁與外周壁之圓弧狀之金屬性導體所形成。
One end of the first waveguide 13 is connected to one end of the first split waveguide 11 through the first joint 12A, and the other end is connected to the transmission circuit 30 that outputs the transmission signal.
The cross-sectional shape of the first waveguide 13 is rectangular as shown in FIG3.
The first waveguide 13 is arranged along an arc with the central axis O as the center, and is formed by an arc-shaped metal conductor having one wall, another wall, an inner peripheral wall, and an outer peripheral wall.
第1導波管13係筒狀，內部成為導波通路。
第1導波管13中之導波通路之剖面形狀也為矩形，其為中心軸O方向之邊A，亦即，相對於中心軸O而言，平行之邊a之長度，大於相對於中心軸O而言，垂直之邊之長度之矩形。
第1導波管13中之導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊a之長度，其為大於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2波長之長度。
而且，第1導波管13，其作為沿著將中心軸O作為中心之圓弧之形狀，但是，其也可以為直線。
The first waveguide 13 is cylindrical, and the interior thereof forms a waveguide path.
The cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the first waveguide 13 is also a rectangle, which is a rectangle in which the length of the side A in the direction of the central axis O, that is, the side a parallel to the central axis O, is greater than the length of the side perpendicular to the central axis O.
The length of the side a in the direction of the central axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the first waveguide 13 is greater than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
Moreover, the first waveguide 13 is in the shape of an arc along the central axis O as the center, but it may also be a straight line.
第2導波管14，其一端透過第2結合部12B，被連接於第1分割導波管11的另一端，另一端係被連接於終端電阻50。
第2導波管14的另一端，其也可以不是被連接於終端電阻50，而被短路。
第2導波管14之剖面形狀，其為與第1導波管13相同大小之矩形。
第2導波管14，其沿著將中心軸O作為中心之圓弧配置，由具有一面壁與另一面壁與內周壁與外周壁之圓弧狀金屬性筒狀之導體所形成。
而且，第2導波管14，其呈沿著將中心軸O作為中心之圓弧之形狀，但是，其也可以為直線。
One end of the second waveguide 14 is connected to the other end of the first split waveguide 11 through the second joint 12B, and the other end is connected to the terminal resistor 50.
The other end of the second waveguide 14 may be short-circuited instead of being connected to the terminal resistor 50.
The cross-sectional shape of the second waveguide 14 is a rectangle of the same size as the first waveguide 13.
The second waveguide 14 is arranged along an arc with the central axis O as the center, and is formed by an arc-shaped metallic cylindrical conductor having one wall, another wall, an inner peripheral wall, and an outer peripheral wall.
Moreover, the second waveguide 14 is in the shape of an arc with the central axis O as the center, but it may also be a straight line.
於使第1分割導波管11分別透過第1結合部12A及第2結合部12B，而與第1導波管13及第2導波管14相結合後之狀態下，第1分割導波管11的另一面，其處於與第1導波管13的另一面及第2導波管14的另一面相同之平面上，第1分割導波管11的開口面，其處於僅比第1導波管13的一面及第2導波管14的一面，還要短第1導波管13的一面壁之厚度部分之平面上，或者，處於與第1導波管13的一面及第2導波管14的一面相同之平面上。When the first split waveguide 11 passes through the first coupling portion 12A and the second coupling portion 12B respectively and is coupled to the first waveguide 13 and the second waveguide 14, the other surface of the first split waveguide 11 is located on the same plane as the other surface of the first waveguide 13 and the other surface of the second waveguide 14, and the opening surface of the first split waveguide 11 is located on a plane that is shorter than one surface of the first waveguide 13 and one surface of the second waveguide 14 by the thickness of one surface of the wall of the first waveguide 13, or is located on the same plane as one surface of the first waveguide 13 and one surface of the second waveguide 14.
成為第1分割導波管11中之導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊b，亦即，相對於中心軸O而言平行之邊b之長度，其為第1導波管13中之導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊a之長度之1／2。
而且，1／2並非僅指嚴密之1／2，而為在設計上容許之範圍內之1／2。
第1分割導波管11中之另一面壁之厚度，其大於第1導波管13中之另一面壁之厚度，第1分割導波管11中之內周壁及外周壁之厚度，其與第1導波管13中之內周壁及外周壁之厚度相同。
The length of the side b in the direction of the central axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the first divided waveguide 11, that is, the side b parallel to the central axis O, is 1/2 of the length of the side a in the direction of the central axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the first waveguide 13.
Moreover, 1/2 does not only refer to a strict 1/2, but also refers to a 1/2 within the range allowed in the design.
The thickness of the other wall in the first divided waveguide 11 is greater than the thickness of the other wall in the first waveguide 13, and the thickness of the inner and outer peripheral walls in the first divided waveguide 11 are the same as the thickness of the inner and outer peripheral walls in the first waveguide 13.
旋轉體20，如圖1及圖7所示，其包括第2分割導波管21與複數個之第3導波管23A,23B。
在實施形態1中，於旋轉體20中，將與中心軸O直交，與靜止體10相向之面，稱做一面，將位於一面之相反側之面，稱做另一面，將位於內周之面，稱做內周面，將位於外周之面，稱做外周面。
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 7 , the rotating body 20 includes a second segmented waveguide 21 and a plurality of third waveguides 23A and 23B.
In the first embodiment, in the rotating body 20, the surface perpendicular to the central axis O and facing the stationary body 10 is called one surface, the surface on the opposite side of the one surface is called the other surface, the surface on the inner periphery is called the inner periphery surface, and the surface on the outer periphery is called the outer periphery surface.
第2分割導波管21，如圖1及圖7所示，其沿著與以中心軸O為中心，配置有第1分割導波管11之圓弧相同直徑之圓周配置，於一面具有第1分割導波管11的開口面11A、第1導波管13的一面、及與第2導波管14的一面相向之平坦之開口面21A。
第2分割導波管21之剖面形狀，如圖5所示，其為具有去除開口面21A後之矩形之三邊之形狀。
亦即，第2分割導波管21，其由具有另一面壁與內周壁與外周壁之一周連接之環狀金屬性導體所形成。
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 7 , the second split waveguide 21 is arranged along a circumference having the same diameter as the arc of the first split waveguide 11 with the center axis O as the center, and has an opening surface 11A of the first split waveguide 11, a surface of the first waveguide 13, and a flat opening surface 21A facing a surface of the second waveguide 14.
The cross-sectional shape of the second split waveguide 21 is a shape having three sides of a rectangle after removing the opening surface 21A, as shown in FIG. 5 .
That is, the second split waveguide 21 is formed by a ring-shaped metallic conductor having another surface wall connected to one circumference of the inner peripheral wall and the outer peripheral wall.
第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21，其於第1分割導波管11的開口面11A與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A彼此相向之位置中，組成導波管。
於第1分割導波管的開口面11A與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A彼此相向之位置中，使用軛流圈構造，使得由做為傳送訊號之電磁波所做之電磁場不洩漏，第1分割導波管11的外周壁的端面與第2分割導波管21的外周壁的端面、及第1分割導波管11的內周壁的端面與第2分割導波管21的內周壁的端面係接近配置。
而且，也可以第1分割導波管11的外周壁的端面與第2分割導波管21的外周壁的端面、及第1分割導波管11的內周壁的端面與第2分割導波管21的內周壁的端面，其被配置為直接相接以電性導通。
The first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21 form a waveguide at a position where the opening surface 11A of the first split waveguide 11 and the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 face each other.
In the position where the opening surface 11A of the first split waveguide and the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 face each other, a yoke structure is used so that the electromagnetic field created by the electromagnetic wave used as the transmission signal does not leak, and the end surface of the outer peripheral wall of the first split waveguide 11 and the end surface of the outer peripheral wall of the second split waveguide 21, and the end surface of the inner peripheral wall of the first split waveguide 11 and the end surface of the inner peripheral wall of the second split waveguide 21 are arranged close to each other.
Furthermore, the end surface of the outer peripheral wall of the first divided waveguide 11 and the end surface of the outer peripheral wall of the second divided waveguide 21, and the end surface of the inner peripheral wall of the first divided waveguide 11 and the end surface of the inner peripheral wall of the second divided waveguide 21 may be directly connected to be electrically conductive.
成為第2分割導波管21中之導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊c，亦即，相對於中心軸O而言平行之邊c之長度，其為與成為第1分割導波管11中之導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊b相同長度。
亦即，由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管中之導波通路之剖面形狀，其為矩形，導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊（b＋c），其大於相對於中心軸O而言垂直之邊之長度，其長度大於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2。
而且，雖然將邊b與邊c作為相同之長度，但是，如果滿足邊（b＋c）之長度，大於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2時，也可以使邊b與邊c之長度為不同長度。但是，邊c之長度，其小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2。
The length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the second divided waveguide 21, that is, the length of the side c parallel to the center axis O, is the same as the length of the side b in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the first divided waveguide 11.
That is, the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the waveguide composed of the first divided waveguide 11 and the second divided waveguide 21 is rectangular, and the side (b+c) in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path is greater than the length of the side perpendicular to the center axis O, and its length is greater than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
Furthermore, although the length of side b and side c is the same, if the length of side (b+c) is greater than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube, the length of side b and side c can be different. However, the length of side c is less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13，其於第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第1導波管13的一面相向之位置中，組成偽導波管。
由第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13所組成之成為偽導波管中之偽導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度，其與成為第2分割導波管21中之導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度相同，其小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2。
The second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13 form a pseudo waveguide at a position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces one surface of the first waveguide 13.
The length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the pseudo waveguide path in the pseudo waveguide formed by the second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13 is the same as the length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the second split waveguide 21, which is less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
因此，傳送訊號，其不被傳送到被形成於第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第1導波管13的一面相向之位置之偽導波管。
而且，即使在使第1導波管13為直線之情形下，於被連接於第1結合部12A之一端部中，於第1導波管13的一面與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A相向之位置中，其也作為形成偽導波管之構造。
Therefore, the transmission signal is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide formed at the position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces one surface of the first waveguide 13.
Moreover, even when the first waveguide 13 is made straight, in one end portion connected to the first joint 12A, at the position where one surface of the first waveguide 13 faces the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21, it also serves as a structure for forming a dummy waveguide.
第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14，其於第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第2導波管14的一面相向之位置中，組成偽導波管。
由第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14所組成之成為偽導波管中之偽導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度，其與成為第2分割導波管21中之導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度相同，其小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2波長。
The second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14 form a pseudo waveguide at a position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces one surface of the second waveguide 14.
The length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the pseudo waveguide path in the pseudo waveguide formed by the second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14 is the same as the length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the second split waveguide 21, which is less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
因此，傳送訊號，其不被傳送到於第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第2導波管14的一面相向之位置中，所形成之偽導波管。
而且，即使在使第2導波管14為直線之情形下，於被連接於第2結合部12B之一端部中，在第2導波管14的一面與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A相向之位置中，其也作為形成偽導波管之構造。
Therefore, the transmission signal is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide formed at the position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces one surface of the second waveguide 14.
Moreover, even when the second waveguide 14 is made straight, in one end portion connected to the second joint 12B, at the position where one surface of the second waveguide 14 faces the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21, it also serves as a structure for forming a dummy waveguide.
複數個之第3導波管23A,23B之每一個，如圖1及圖7所示，其於與第2分割導波管21的一面相向之另一面，彼此隔開間隔以被等間隔配置，分別透過方向性結合器22A,22B，被結合到第2分割導波管21。
在實施形態1中，複數個之第3導波管係兩個之第3導波管23A,23B，以下，說明兩個之第3導波管23A,23B。
而且，即使在三個以上之第3導波管之情形下，三個以上之第3導波管之每一個係相同構造。
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 7 , each of the plurality of third waveguides 23A and 23B is spaced apart from each other and arranged at equal intervals on the other side facing the second split waveguide 21, and is coupled to the second split waveguide 21 through directional couplers 22A and 22B, respectively.
In embodiment 1, the plurality of third waveguides are two third waveguides 23A and 23B, and the two third waveguides 23A and 23B are described below.
Moreover, even in the case of three or more third waveguides, each of the three or more third waveguides has the same structure.
第3導波管23A與第3導波管23B之每一個，其沿著將中心軸O作為中心之圓弧，彼此隔開180°配置，如圖6之第3導波管23A之剖面形狀所示，具有另一面壁與內周壁與外周壁，一面壁係由作為第2分割導波管21的另一面壁之圓弧狀金屬性導體所形成。Each of the third waveguide 23A and the third waveguide 23B is arranged 180° apart from each other along an arc with the central axis O as the center, as shown in the cross-sectional shape of the third waveguide 23A in Figure 6, and has another wall, an inner wall and an outer wall, and one wall is formed by an arc-shaped metallic conductor serving as the other wall of the second split waveguide 21.
第3導波管23A之剖面形狀，如圖6所示，其為矩形。
第3導波管23A中之導波通路之剖面形狀，其也為矩形，其為中心軸O方向之邊d之長度，大於相對於中心軸O而言垂直之邊之長度之矩形。
第3導波管23A中之導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊d之長度，其為大於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2。
The cross-sectional shape of the third waveguide 23A is a rectangle as shown in FIG6 .
The cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the third waveguide 23A is also a rectangle, which is a rectangle in which the length of the side d in the direction of the central axis O is greater than the length of the side perpendicular to the central axis O.
The length of the side d in the direction of the central axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the third waveguide 23A is greater than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
第3導波管23B之剖面形狀，其也為與第3導波管23A之剖面形狀相同大小之矩形。
第3導波管23B中之導波通路之剖面形狀，其也為矩形，其為中心軸O方向之邊d之長度，大於相對於中心軸O而言垂直之邊之長度之矩形。
第3導波管23B中之導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊d之長度，其大於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2。
The cross-sectional shape of the third waveguide 23B is also a rectangle of the same size as the cross-sectional shape of the third waveguide 23A.
The cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the third waveguide 23B is also a rectangle, which is a rectangle in which the length of the side d in the direction of the central axis O is greater than the length of the side perpendicular to the central axis O.
The length of the side d in the direction of the central axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the third waveguide 23B is greater than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
兩個之方向性結合器22A,22B，其在第2分割導波管21的另一面，被配置於隔開180°之位置。
第1方向性結合器22A及第2方向性結合器22B，其分別由被形成於第2分割導波管21的另一面壁之一個或複數個之結合孔所形成，單向傳送傳送訊號。
The two directional combiners 22A and 22B are arranged at positions 180° apart on the other side of the second split waveguide 21.
The first directional combiner 22A and the second directional combiner 22B are respectively formed by one or more coupling holes formed on the other side wall of the second split waveguide 21, and transmit the signal in one direction.
第3導波管23A，其於一端部中，藉第1方向性結合器22A，被結合於第2分割導波管21，被配置為沿著第2分割導波管21的另一面，單向延伸。
第3導波管23A的一端，其被終止或短路，另一端係被連接到接收電路41。
第3導波管23B，其於一端部中，藉第2方向性結合器22B，被結合於第2分割導波管21，被配置為沿著第2分割導波管21的另一面，單向延伸。
第3導波管23B的一端，其被終止或短路，另一端係被連接到接收電路42。
The third waveguide 23A is coupled to the second split waveguide 21 at one end by the first directional coupler 22A, and is configured to extend unidirectionally along the other surface of the second split waveguide 21.
One end of the third waveguide 23A is terminated or short-circuited, and the other end is connected to the receiving circuit 41.
The third waveguide 23B is coupled to the second split waveguide 21 at one end by the second directional coupler 22B, and is configured to extend unidirectionally along the other surface of the second split waveguide 21.
One end of the third waveguide 23B is terminated or short-circuited, and the other end is connected to the receiving circuit 42.
接著，使用圖8～圖10，說明實施形態1之迴轉接頭之動作原理及動作。
於圖8中，如作為X1及X2所示，於第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第2導波管14的一面相向之位置中，由第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14所組成之偽導波管中之偽導波通路中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度，其小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2，所以，該偽導波管中之偽導波通路，其成為切斷傳送訊號。
亦即，傳送訊號不被傳送在由第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14所組成之偽導波管中之偽導波通路內。
Next, the operation principle and operation of the rotary joint of the embodiment 1 are explained using FIGS. 8 to 10.
In FIG. 8 , as indicated by X1 and X2, in the position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces one surface of the second waveguide 14, the length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the pseudo waveguide path in the pseudo waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14 is less than 1/2 of the wavelength in the tube of the transmission signal, so the pseudo waveguide path in the pseudo waveguide cuts off the transmission signal.
That is, the transmission signal is not transmitted in the pseudo waveguide path in the pseudo waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14.
同樣地，於圖8中，於第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第1導波管13的一面相向之位置中，由第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13所組成之偽導波管之偽導波通路中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度，其小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2，所以，該偽導波管中之偽導波通路，其成為切斷傳送訊號。
亦即，使由第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13所組成之偽導波管中之偽導波通路內，相對於傳送訊號而言，不形成圖8所示Y2之箭頭方向之傳送路徑，傳送訊號係不被傳送。
Similarly, in FIG8 , at the position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces one surface of the first waveguide 13, the length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the pseudo waveguide path of the pseudo waveguide formed by the second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13 is less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the transmission signal in the tube, so the pseudo waveguide path in the pseudo waveguide cuts off the transmission signal.
That is, in the pseudo waveguide path in the pseudo waveguide formed by the second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13, the transmission path in the direction of the arrow Y2 shown in FIG8 is not formed with respect to the transmission signal, and the transmission signal is not transmitted.
另外，於圖8中，如作為X3及X4所示，於第1分割導波管11的開口面11A與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A彼此相向之位置中，由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管之導波通路中之中心軸O方向之邊（b＋c）之長度，其大於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2，所以，由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管之導波通路內，其相對於傳送訊號而言，成為可傳送在圖8所示Y1之箭頭方向上之傳送路徑。In addition, as shown as X3 and X4 in Figure 8, at the position where the opening surface 11A of the first divided waveguide 11 and the opening surface 21A of the second divided waveguide 21 face each other, the length of the side (b+c) in the direction of the center axis O in the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first divided waveguide 11 and the second divided waveguide 21 is greater than 1/2 of the wavelength of the transmission signal in the tube. Therefore, the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first divided waveguide 11 and the second divided waveguide 21 becomes a transmission path that can be transmitted in the arrow direction of Y1 shown in Figure 8 with respect to the transmission signal.
亦即，於第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第1分割導波管11的開口面11A相向之位置中，藉由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路，形成自發射電路30發射之發射訊號，可在單向上傳送之傳送路徑，在第1導波管13的一面及第2導波管14的一面分別相向之位置中，未形成有傳送路徑，所以，自發射電路30被傳輸之發射訊號，其成為至接收電路41或接收電路42為止，單向通行。
自發射電路30被傳輸之發射訊號，其至接收電路41或接收電路42為止，單向通行地被傳送，所以，沒有環共振模式被激發之虞，可謀求寬頻化發射訊號。
That is, in the position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces the opening surface 11A of the first split waveguide 11, a transmission path is formed by the waveguide path composed of the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21, so that the transmission signal emitted from the transmission circuit 30 can be transmitted in one direction. In the position where one side of the first waveguide 13 and one side of the second waveguide 14 face each other, no transmission path is formed, so the transmission signal transmitted from the transmission circuit 30 is transmitted in one direction to the receiving circuit 41 or the receiving circuit 42.
The transmission signal transmitted from the transmission circuit 30 is transmitted in a one-way manner to the receiving circuit 41 or the receiving circuit 42, so there is no risk of the ring resonance mode being excited, and the transmission signal can be broadbanded.
現在，如圖9所示，靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係係在第1位置中之例1中，當發射訊號自發射電路30被輸入到第1導波管13時，如圖示箭頭Y11及Y12所示，在第1導波管13的導波通路內被傳送，如圖示箭頭Y13所示，發射訊號，其被傳送在透過第1結合部12A，而彼此的開口面11A,21A相向之位置中之由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路內，亦即，如圖示箭頭Y14所示，單向地被傳送在傳送通路，於實施形態1中係順時針。
自第1結合部12A被傳送到傳送通路之發射訊號，其沒有被傳送到由第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13所組成之偽導波管。
Now, as shown in FIG. 9 , the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is in the first position. In Example 1, when the transmission signal is input from the transmission circuit 30 to the first waveguide 13, as shown by the arrows Y11 and Y12, it is transmitted in the waveguide path of the first waveguide 13. As shown by the arrow Y13, the transmission signal is transmitted in the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21 at a position where the opening surfaces 11A and 21A face each other through the first joint 12A, that is, as shown by the arrow Y14, it is unidirectionally transmitted in the transmission path, which is clockwise in the embodiment 1.
The transmission signal transmitted from the first junction 12A to the transmission path is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13.
當被傳送在傳送通路內之發射訊號，到達第2方向性結合器22B時，如圖示箭頭Y15所示，發射訊號，其被傳送到第3導波管23B，如圖示箭頭Y16及箭頭Y17所示，被傳送以到達接收電路42，被接收電路42所接收。
如圖示箭頭Y14所示，被傳送在傳送通路之發射訊號，其沒有被傳送到由第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14所組成之偽導波管。
When the transmission signal transmitted in the transmission path reaches the second directional combiner 22B, as shown by arrow Y15, the transmission signal is transmitted to the third waveguide 23B, as shown by arrows Y16 and Y17, it is transmitted to the receiving circuit 42 and received by the receiving circuit 42.
As shown by arrow Y14, the transmission signal transmitted in the transmission path is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14.
第1位置，其為自旋轉體20中之第2方向性結合器22B，位於靜止體10中之第1結合部12A的輸出端之位置，至旋轉體20單向旋轉180°後之位置為止之區間。
又，第2位置，其為自旋轉體20中之第1方向性結合器22A，位於靜止體10中之第1結合部12A的輸出端之位置，至旋轉體20單向旋轉180度後之位置為止之區間。
而且，為了方便說明，將圖9所示之第1位置中之例1之位置，作為靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係為0°。
The first position is the interval from the position of the output end of the first coupling part 12A in the static body 10 of the second directional coupler 22B in the rotating body 20 to the position after the rotating body 20 rotates 180 degrees in one direction.
In addition, the second position is the interval from the position of the output end of the first coupling part 12A in the static body 10 of the first directional coupler 22A in the rotating body 20 to the position after the rotating body 20 rotates 180 degrees in one direction.
Moreover, for the convenience of explanation, the position of Example 1 in the first position shown in FIG. 9 is taken as the positional relationship between the static body 10 and the rotating body 20 is 0°.
主要係實施形態1之迴轉接頭，其在靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係為第1位置之情形下，形成來自發射電路30之發射訊號，自第1導波管13（箭頭Y11及箭頭Y12），到達第1結合部12A（箭頭Y13）、由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路（箭頭Y14）、第2方向性結合器22B（箭頭Y15）、第3導波管23B（箭頭Y16及箭頭Y17）之第1傳送路徑。
此時之被傳送到第1傳送路徑之發射訊號，其為單向通行，環共振模式係未被激發。
The rotary joint mainly implements the first form. When the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is the first position, the transmission signal from the transmission circuit 30 is formed from the first waveguide 13 (arrows Y11 and Y12), reaches the first coupling portion 12A (arrow Y13), the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21 (arrow Y14), the second directional coupler 22B (arrow Y15), and the third waveguide 23B (arrow Y16 and Y17) to form the first transmission path.
At this time, the transmission signal transmitted to the first transmission path is a one-way pass, and the ring resonance mode is not excited.
接著，靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係，其作為自第1位置中之例1，旋轉體20相對於靜止體10而言，90°單向旋轉。
此位置係第2位置中之例1之位置，表示於圖10。
如圖10所示，靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係係於第2位置中之例1中，當發射訊號自發射電路30，被輸入到第1導波管13時，如圖示箭頭Y21及Y22所示，被傳送在第1導波管13的導波通路內，如圖示箭頭Y23所示，發射訊號，其被傳送在透過第1結合部12A，彼此的開口面11A,21A相向之位置中之由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路內，亦即，使傳送通路為單向，如圖示箭頭Y24所示。
自第1結合部12A被傳送到傳送通路之發射訊號，其不被傳送到由第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13所組成之偽導波管。
Next, the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is as follows: as in Example 1 in the first position, the rotating body 20 rotates 90° in one direction relative to the stationary body 10.
This position is the position of Example 1 in the second position, as shown in FIG. 10.
As shown in FIG. 10 , the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is in the second position in Example 1. When the transmission signal is input from the transmission circuit 30 to the first waveguide 13, as shown by arrows Y21 and Y22, it is transmitted to the waveguide path of the first waveguide 13. As shown by arrow Y23, the transmission signal is transmitted to the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21 at the position where the opening surfaces 11A and 21A face each other through the first joint 12A, that is, the transmission path is made unidirectional, as shown by arrow Y24.
The transmission signal transmitted from the first joint 12A to the transmission path is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13.
當被傳送在傳送通路內之發射訊號到達第1方向性結合器22A時，如圖示箭頭Y25所示，發射訊號係被傳送到第3導波管23A，如圖示箭頭Y26及箭頭Y27所示地被傳送，以到達接收電路41，被接收電路41所接收。
如圖示箭頭Y24所示地被傳送在傳送通路之發射訊號，其不被傳送到由第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14所組成之偽導波管。
When the transmission signal transmitted in the transmission path reaches the first directional combiner 22A, as shown by arrow Y25, the transmission signal is transmitted to the third waveguide 23A, and is transmitted as shown by arrows Y26 and Y27 to reach the receiving circuit 41 and be received by the receiving circuit 41.
The transmission signal transmitted in the transmission path as shown by arrow Y24 is not transmitted to the pseudo waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14.
主要係實施形態1之迴轉接頭，其當靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係為第2位置時，形成來自發射電路30之發射訊號，自第1導波管13（箭頭Y21及箭頭Y22），到達第1結合部12A（箭頭Y23）、由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路（箭頭Y24）、第1方向性結合器22A（箭頭Y25）、第3導波管23A（箭頭Y26及箭頭Y27）之第2傳送路徑。
此時之被傳送到第2傳送路徑之發射訊號，其為單向通行，環共振模式係未被激發。
The rotary joint mainly implements the form 1. When the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is the second position, the transmission signal from the transmission circuit 30 is formed from the first waveguide 13 (arrows Y21 and Y22), reaches the first coupling portion 12A (arrow Y23), the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21 (arrow Y24), the first directional coupler 22A (arrow Y25), and the third waveguide 23A (arrow Y26 and Y27) to form the second transmission path.
At this time, the transmission signal transmitted to the second transmission path is a one-way pass, and the ring resonance mode is not excited.
在以上之說明中，說明過實施形態1之迴轉接頭，其於靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係，在第1位置中之例1中，發射訊號係被傳送在第1傳送路徑，於靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係，在第2位置中之例1中，發射訊號係被傳送在第2傳送路徑。
但是，在旋轉體20相對於靜止體10而言，自第1傳送路徑切換到第2傳送路徑之過渡角度中，第1傳送路徑及第2傳送路徑兩者之傳送路徑係存在。
In the above description, the rotary joint of the embodiment 1 is described. In the case 1 in the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20, the transmission signal is transmitted in the first transmission path, and in the case 1 in the second position, the transmission signal is transmitted in the second transmission path.
However, in the transition angle of the rotating body 20 relative to the stationary body 10, the transmission paths of both the first transmission path and the second transmission path exist.
主要係實施形態1之迴轉接頭，其因應靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係，藉第1傳送路徑、第2傳送路徑、或第1傳送路徑及第2傳送路徑兩者之傳送路徑之三個傳送路徑，使來自發射電路30之發射訊號，可傳送到接收電路41、接收電路42、或接收電路41及接收電路42兩者之接收電路。The rotary joint mainly implements form 1, which responds to the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20, and transmits the transmission signal from the transmitting circuit 30 to the receiving circuit 41, the receiving circuit 42, or the receiving circuits of the receiving circuit 41 and the receiving circuit 42 through three transmission paths, namely, the first transmission path, the second transmission path, or the transmission path of both the first transmission path and the second transmission path.
亦即，對於靜止體10之旋轉體20之位置關係，亦即，旋轉體20之旋轉角度，其於全旋轉角中，可傳送發射訊號，藉控制對於靜止體10之旋轉體20之位置關係，或者，使來自接收電路41之輸出與來自接收電路42之輸出，藉開關而切換，可切換來自接收電路41之輸出與來自接收電路42之輸出以輸出，或者，電力合成以輸出。That is, with respect to the positional relationship of the rotating body 20 with respect to the stationary body 10, that is, the rotation angle of the rotating body 20, it is possible to transmit a transmission signal within the full rotation angle by controlling the positional relationship of the rotating body 20 with respect to the stationary body 10, or by switching the output from the receiving circuit 41 and the output from the receiving circuit 42 by a switch, and the output from the receiving circuit 41 and the output from the receiving circuit 42 can be switched for output, or they can be electrically synthesized for output.
而且，第1傳送路徑與第2傳送路徑，其皆為被傳送之發射訊號係單向地單向通行，環共振模式係未被激發。
結果，可謀求寬頻化被傳送之發射訊號。
Moreover, in both the first transmission path and the second transmission path, the transmitted transmission signal is unidirectional and the ring resonance mode is not excited.
As a result, the transmitted transmission signal can be broadbanded.
而且，實施形態1之迴轉接頭，其將第3導波管作為兩個，但是，當為三個時，使三個方向性結合器等間隔，亦即，間隔120°地配置，藉分別對應三個第3導波管之方向性結合器，與第2分割導波管21相結合。
在此情形下之靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係，其以120°單位，成為第1位置、第2位置、第3位置，迴轉接頭，其分別對應三個第3導波管，以形成第1傳送路徑、第2傳送路徑、第3傳送路徑。
Moreover, the rotary joint of the embodiment 1 has two third waveguides, but when there are three, the three directional couplers are arranged at equal intervals, that is, at intervals of 120°, and the directional couplers corresponding to the three third waveguides are combined with the second divided waveguide 21.
In this case, the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is the first position, the second position, and the third position in units of 120°, and the rotary joint corresponds to the three third waveguides to form the first transmission path, the second transmission path, and the third transmission path.
如上所述，實施形態1之迴轉接頭係包括：靜止體10，具有：第1分割導波管11，呈圓弧狀，在一面具有平坦之開口面11A；以及第1導波管13，一端透過第1結合部12A，被連接到第1分割導波管11的一端；以及旋轉體20，具有：環狀之第2分割導波管21，於一面具有與第1分割導波管11的開口面11A相向之平坦之開口面21A；以及複數個之第3導波管23A,23B，分別在第2分割導波管21的另一面，彼此隔開間隔以被配置，分別透過方向性結合器22A,22B，被結合於第2分割導波管21；相對於靜止體10而言，以中心軸O為中心而旋轉自如，於彼此的開口面11A,21A相向之位置中，第2分割導波管21係構成第1分割導波管11與導波管；所以，可形成：第1傳送路徑，由第1導波管13、第1結合部12A、由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管、方向性結合器22A、及第3導波管23A所組成；以及第2傳送路徑，由第1導波管13、第1結合部12A、由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管、方向性結合器22B、及第3導波管23B所組成。As described above, the rotary joint of the embodiment 1 includes: a stationary body 10, having: a first split waveguide 11, which is in an arc shape and has a flat opening surface 11A on one side; and a first waveguide 13, one end of which is connected to one end of the first split waveguide 11 through a first coupling portion 12A; and a rotating body 20, having: a second ring-shaped split waveguide 21, having a flat opening surface 21A on one side facing the opening surface 11A of the first split waveguide 11; and a plurality of third waveguides 23A, 23B, which are respectively arranged on the other side of the second split waveguide 21, and are spaced apart from each other and are coupled to the second split waveguide 21 through directional couplers 22A, 22B. 1; with respect to the stationary body 10, it is rotatable around the central axis O, and in the position where the opening surfaces 11A and 21A face each other, the second divided waveguide 21 constitutes the first divided waveguide 11 and the waveguide; therefore, it is possible to form: a first transmission path consisting of the first waveguide 13, the first coupling portion 12A, the waveguide consisting of the first divided waveguide 11 and the second divided waveguide 21, the directional coupler 22A, and the third waveguide 23A; and a second transmission path consisting of the first waveguide 13, the first coupling portion 12A, the waveguide consisting of the first divided waveguide 11 and the second divided waveguide 21, the directional coupler 22B, and the third waveguide 23B.
於第1導波管13的一面與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A相向之位置中，作為由被構成之第1導波管13與第2分割導波管21所做之偽導波管中之偽導波通路之剖面形狀中，相對於中心軸O而言，平行之邊之長度，小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2之矩形，於第2導波管14的一面與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A相向之位置中，作為由被構成之第2導波管14與第2分割導波管21所做之偽導波管中之偽導波通路之剖面形狀中，相對於中心軸O而言，平行之邊之長度，小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2之矩形，所以，傳送訊號不被傳送到偽導波管，傳送訊號係在由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路內，往單向單向通行地被傳送。
結果，環共振模式係未被激發，而謀求寬頻化傳送訊號。
At a position where one surface of the first waveguide 13 faces the opening surface 21A of the second divided waveguide 21, a cross-sectional shape of a pseudo waveguide path in a pseudo waveguide formed by the first waveguide 13 and the second divided waveguide 21 is a rectangle whose length of parallel sides relative to the central axis O is less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube. At a position where one surface of the second waveguide 14 faces the opening surface 21A of the second divided waveguide 21, As the cross-sectional shape of the pseudo waveguide path in the pseudo waveguide formed by the second waveguide 14 and the second split waveguide 21, the length of the parallel side relative to the central axis O is a rectangle less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the transmission signal in the tube, so the transmission signal is not transmitted to the pseudo waveguide, and the transmission signal is transmitted in a unidirectional and unidirectional manner in the waveguide path of the waveguide formed by the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21.
As a result, the ring resonance mode is not excited, and the transmission signal is intended to be broadband.
又，靜止體10及旋轉體20，其皆在包含中心軸O之中央，具有空洞部分，所以，於中央的空洞部分，可配線各種控制線。Furthermore, both the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 have a hollow portion in the center including the central axis O, so various control lines can be wired in the central hollow portion.
實施形態2.
由圖11至圖15，說明實施形態2之迴轉接頭。
實施形態2之迴轉接頭，其相對於實施形態1之迴轉接頭為具有複數個第3導波管之旋轉體20而言，其在具有一個第3導波管之旋轉體20之點不同，其他之點係相同。
在圖11～圖15中，與被賦予到圖1～圖10之編號相同之編號，其表示相同或相當之部分。
Implementation form 2.
The rotary joint of implementation form 2 is described from FIG. 11 to FIG. 15.
The rotary joint of implementation form 2 is different from the rotary joint of implementation form 1 in that it has a rotary body 20 with a plurality of third waveguides, and the other points are the same.
In FIG. 11 to FIG. 15, the same numbers as those assigned to FIG. 1 to FIG. 10 represent the same or equivalent parts.
靜止體10，其與實施形態1之迴轉接頭中之靜止體10相同，所以，以下，以旋轉體20為中心，做說明。
旋轉體20，如圖11及圖13所示，其包括第2分割導波管21與第3導波管23。
The stationary body 10 is the same as the stationary body 10 in the rotary joint of the embodiment 1, so the following description will focus on the rotating body 20.
The rotating body 20, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 13, includes a second split waveguide 21 and a third waveguide 23.
第2分割導波管21，如圖11及圖13所示，其以中心軸O為中心，沿著做為與配置有第1分割導波管11之圓弧相同直徑之圓周以被配置，於一面具有平坦之開口面21A，開口面21A係與第1分割導波管11的開口面11A與第1導波管13的一面與第2導波管14的一面相向。
第2分割導波管21之剖面形狀，如圖12所示，其為去除開口面21A後之具有矩形的三邊之形狀。
亦即，第2分割導波管21，其由具有另一面壁與內周壁與外周壁之一周連接之環狀金屬性導體所形成。
As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 , the second split waveguide 21 is arranged along a circle having the same diameter as the arc on which the first split waveguide 11 is arranged, with the center axis O as the center, and has a flat opening surface 21A on one side, and the opening surface 21A is opposite to the opening surface 11A of the first split waveguide 11, one side of the first waveguide 13, and one side of the second waveguide 14.
The cross-sectional shape of the second split waveguide 21 is a shape having three sides of a rectangle after removing the opening surface 21A, as shown in FIG. 12 .
That is, the second split waveguide 21 is formed by a ring-shaped metallic conductor having another surface wall connected to one side of the inner peripheral wall and the outer peripheral wall.
第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21，其於第1分割導波管11的開口面11A與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A彼此相向之位置中，構成導波管。
於第1分割導波管的開口面11A與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A彼此相向之位置中，使用軛流圈構造，使得由做為傳送訊號之電磁波所做之電磁場不洩漏，而第1分割導波管11的外周壁的端面與第2分割導波管21的外周壁的端面、及第1分割導波管11的內周壁的端面與第2分割導波管21的內周壁的端面，其被接近配置。
而且，也可以第1分割導波管11的外周壁的端面與第2分割導波管21的外周壁的端面、及第1分割導波管11的內周壁的端面與第2分割導波管21的內周壁的端面，其被配置為直接相接以電性導通之狀態。
The first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21 form a waveguide at a position where the opening surface 11A of the first split waveguide 11 and the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 face each other.
In the position where the opening surface 11A of the first split waveguide and the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 face each other, a yoke structure is used so that the electromagnetic field created by the electromagnetic wave used as the transmission signal does not leak, and the end surface of the outer peripheral wall of the first split waveguide 11 and the end surface of the outer peripheral wall of the second split waveguide 21, and the end surface of the inner peripheral wall of the first split waveguide 11 and the end surface of the inner peripheral wall of the second split waveguide 21 are arranged close to each other.
Furthermore, the end surface of the outer peripheral wall of the first split waveguide 11 and the end surface of the outer peripheral wall of the second split waveguide 21, and the end surface of the inner peripheral wall of the first split waveguide 11 and the end surface of the inner peripheral wall of the second split waveguide 21 may be directly connected to each other in an electrically conductive state.
第2分割導波管21中之成為導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度，其為與第1分割導波管11中之成為導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊b相同長度。
亦即，由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管中之導波通路之剖面形狀係矩形，導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊（b＋c），其為大於相對於中心軸O而言垂直之邊之長度，大於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2之長度。
而且，雖然將邊b與邊c作為相同長度，但是，如果滿足邊（b＋c）為大於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2之長度時，也可以使邊B與邊c之長度為不同。但是，邊c之長度，其為小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2。
The length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the second divided waveguide 21 is the same as the length of the side b in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the first divided waveguide 11.
That is, the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the waveguide composed of the first divided waveguide 11 and the second divided waveguide 21 is rectangular, and the side (b+c) in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path is greater than the length of the side perpendicular to the center axis O, and greater than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
Moreover, although the side b and the side c are made the same length, if the side (b+c) is greater than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube, the length of the side B and the side c may be different. However, the length of side c is less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13，其於第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第1導波管13的一面相向之位置中，構成偽導波管。
由第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13所組成之偽導波管中之成為偽導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度，其與第2分割導波管21中之成為導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度相同，其小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2。
The second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13 form a pseudo waveguide at a position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces one surface of the first waveguide 13.
The length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the pseudo waveguide formed by the second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13 is the same as the length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide in the second split waveguide 21, which is less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
因此，傳送訊號不被傳送到於第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第1導波管13的一面相向之位置中，被形成之偽導波管。
而且，即使將第1導波管13作為直線時，也作為於被連接到第1結合部12A之一端部中，在第1導波管13的一面與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A相向之位置中，形成偽導波管之構造。
Therefore, the transmission signal is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide formed at the position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces one surface of the first waveguide 13.
Moreover, even when the first waveguide 13 is a straight line, a dummy waveguide is formed at the position where one surface of the first waveguide 13 faces the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 in one end portion connected to the first junction 12A.
第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14，其於第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第2導波管14的一面相向之位置中，構成偽導波管。
由第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14所組成之偽導波管中之成為偽導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度，其與第2分割導波管21中之成為導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度相同，其小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2。
The second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14 form a pseudo waveguide at a position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces one surface of the second waveguide 14.
The length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the pseudo waveguide formed by the second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14 is the same as the length of the side c in the direction of the center axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide in the second split waveguide 21, which is less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
因此，傳送訊號係不被傳送到第2分割導波管21的開口面21A與第2導波管14的一面相向之位置中，被形成之偽導波管。
而且，即使將第2導波管14作為直線時，也作為於被連接到第2結合部12B之一端部中，在第2導波管14的一面與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A相向之位置中，形成偽導波管之構造。
Therefore, the transmission signal is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide formed at the position where the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 faces one surface of the second waveguide 14.
Moreover, even when the second waveguide 14 is a straight line, a dummy waveguide structure is formed at the position where one surface of the second waveguide 14 faces the opening surface 21A of the second split waveguide 21 in one end portion connected to the second junction 12B.
第3導波管23，如圖11及圖13所示，其沿著第2分割導波管21的另一面以環狀配置，在第2分割導波管21的另一面，分別透過沿著圓周以彼此隔開間隔，被等間隔配置之複數個之方向性結合器22A,22B，被結合到第2分割導波管21。
第3導波管23，如圖12之剖面形狀所示，其具有另一面壁與內周壁與外周壁，一面壁由作為第2分割導波管21的另一面壁之環狀金屬性導體所形成。
As shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 13 , the third waveguide 23 is arranged in a ring shape along the other side of the second split waveguide 21. On the other side of the second split waveguide 21, it is connected to the second split waveguide 21 through a plurality of directional couplers 22A and 22B that are arranged at equal intervals along the circumference.
As shown in the cross-sectional shape of FIG. 12 , the third waveguide 23 has another wall, an inner peripheral wall, and an outer peripheral wall, and one wall is formed by a ring-shaped metallic conductor that is the other wall of the second split waveguide 21.
第3導波管23之剖面形狀，如圖12所示，其為矩形。
第3導波管23中之導波通路之剖面形狀也為矩形，其為中心軸O方向之邊d之長度，大於相對於中心軸O而言，垂直之邊之長度之矩形。
第3導波管23中之導波通路之剖面形狀中之中心軸O方向之邊d之長度，其為大於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2之長度。
第3導波管23，其一端被連接到接收電路40，另一端係被短路或終止。
The cross-sectional shape of the third waveguide 23 is a rectangle as shown in FIG12.
The cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the third waveguide 23 is also a rectangle, which is a rectangle in which the length of the side d in the direction of the central axis O is greater than the length of the side perpendicular to the central axis O.
The length of the side d in the direction of the central axis O in the cross-sectional shape of the waveguide path in the third waveguide 23 is greater than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube.
The third waveguide 23 is connected to the receiving circuit 40 at one end and short-circuited or terminated at the other end.
複數個之方向性結合器，於實施形態2中，其為彼此隔開180°以被配置之兩個方向性結合器22A,22B，以下，說明兩個方向性結合器22A,22B。
連接有接收電路40之第3導波管23的一端及被短路或終止之第3導波管23的另一端，其被配置於第1方向性結合器22A與第2方向性結合器22B之中間之位置。
而且，即使在三個以上之方向性結合器之情形下，各方向性結合器也係相同構造，其分別隔開120°配置。
In the second embodiment, the plurality of directional combiners are two directional combiners 22A and 22B arranged 180° apart from each other. The two directional combiners 22A and 22B are described below.
One end of the third waveguide 23 connected to the receiving circuit 40 and the other end of the third waveguide 23 short-circuited or terminated are arranged between the first directional combiner 22A and the second directional combiner 22B.
Moreover, even in the case of three or more directional combiners, each directional combiner has the same structure and is arranged 120° apart from each other.
接著，使用圖14及圖15，說明實施形態2之迴轉接頭之動作。
現在，如圖14所示，在靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係係第1位置中之例1中，當發射訊號自發射電路30被輸入到第1導波管13時，如圖示箭頭Y31及Y32所示，發射訊號係被傳送在第1導波管13的導波通路內，如圖示箭頭Y33所示，被傳送在透過第1結合部12A，彼此的開口面11A,21A相向之位置中之由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路內，亦即，單向地被傳送在傳送通路，於實施形態2中，其為順時針，如圖示箭頭Y34所示。
Next, the operation of the rotary joint of the second embodiment is described using FIG. 14 and FIG. 15. Now, as shown in FIG. 14, in the first example in which the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is the first position, when the transmission signal is input from the transmission circuit 30 to the first waveguide 13, as shown by the arrows Y31 and Y32, the transmission signal is transmitted in the waveguide path of the first waveguide 13, and as shown by the arrow Y33, is transmitted in the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21 in the position where the opening surfaces 11A and 21A face each other through the first joint 12A, that is, it is transmitted in the transmission path in a unidirectional manner, and in the second embodiment, it is clockwise, as shown by the arrow Y34.
自第1結合部12A被傳送到傳送通路之發射訊號，其未被傳送到由第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13所組成之偽導波管。
因此，在位於第1導波管13的另一面上之第1方向性結合器22A中，發射訊號係未被傳送到由第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13所組成之偽導波管，所以，第1方向性結合器22A係不動作。
The transmission signal transmitted from the first coupling portion 12A to the transmission path is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13.
Therefore, in the first directional coupler 22A located on the other side of the first waveguide 13, the transmission signal is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13, so the first directional coupler 22A does not operate.
當被傳送在傳送通路內之發射訊號，到達第2方向性結合器22B時，如圖示箭頭Y35所示，發射訊號係被傳送到第3導波管23，如圖示箭頭Y36及箭頭Y37所示地被傳送，以到達接收電路40，被接收電路40所接收。
發射訊號，其如圖示箭頭Y34所示地被傳送在傳送通路，未被傳送到由第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14所組成之偽導波管。
When the transmission signal transmitted in the transmission path reaches the second directional combiner 22B, as shown by arrow Y35, the transmission signal is transmitted to the third waveguide 23, and is transmitted as shown by arrows Y36 and Y37 to reach the receiving circuit 40 and be received by the receiving circuit 40.
The transmission signal, which is transmitted in the transmission path as shown by arrow Y34, is not transmitted to the pseudo waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14.
第1位置，其為自旋轉體20中之第2方向性結合器22B，位於靜止體10中之第1結合部12A的輸出端之位置，至旋轉體20單向旋轉180°後之位置為止之區間。
又，第2位置，其為自旋轉體20中之第1方向性結合器22A，位於靜止體10中之第1結合部12A的輸出端之位置，至旋轉體20單向旋轉180度後之位置為止之區間。
而且，為了方便說明，將圖14所示之第1位置中之例1之位置，作為靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係為0°。
The first position is the interval from the position of the second directional coupler 22B in the rotating body 20, which is located at the output end of the first coupling part 12A in the stationary body 10, to the position after the rotating body 20 rotates 180 degrees in one direction.
In addition, the second position is the interval from the position of the first directional coupler 22A in the rotating body 20, which is located at the output end of the first coupling part 12A in the stationary body 10, to the position after the rotating body 20 rotates 180 degrees in one direction.
Moreover, for the convenience of explanation, the position of Example 1 in the first position shown in Figure 14 is taken as the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is 0°.
主要係實施形態2之迴轉接頭，其在靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係為第1位置時，形成來自發射電路30之發射訊號，自第1導波管13（箭頭Y31及箭頭Y32），到達第1結合部12A（箭頭Y33）、由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路（箭頭Y34）、第2方向性結合器22B（箭頭Y35）、第3導波管23（箭頭Y36及箭頭Y37）之第1傳送路徑。
此時之被傳送到第1傳送路徑之發射訊號，其為單向通行，環共振模式係未被激發。
The rotary joint mainly implements the second form. When the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is the first position, the transmission signal from the transmission circuit 30 is formed from the first waveguide 13 (arrows Y31 and Y32), reaches the first coupling portion 12A (arrow Y33), the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21 (arrow Y34), the second directional coupler 22B (arrow Y35), and the third waveguide 23 (arrow Y36 and Y37) to form the first transmission path.
At this time, the transmission signal transmitted to the first transmission path is a one-way pass, and the ring resonance mode is not excited.
接著，靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係，其作為自第1位置中之例1，旋轉體20相對於靜止體10而言，135°單向旋轉。
此位置係第2位置中之例1之位置，表示於圖15。
如圖15所示，於靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係為第2位置中之例1中，當發射訊號自發射電路30被輸入到第1導波管13時，發射訊號，其如圖示箭頭Y41及Y42所示地被傳送在第1導波管13的導波通路內，如圖示箭頭Y43所示，透過第1結合部12A，被傳送在彼此的開口面11A,21A相向之位置中之由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路內，亦即，如圖示箭頭Y44所示，單向地被傳送在傳送通路。
自第1結合部12A被傳送到傳送通路之發射訊號，其未被傳送到由第2分割導波管21與第1導波管13所組成之偽導波管。
Next, the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is as Example 1 from the first position, where the rotating body 20 rotates 135° in one direction relative to the stationary body 10.
This position is the position of Example 1 in the second position, as shown in FIG. 15 .
As shown in FIG. 15 , in Example 1 in which the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is the second position, when the transmission signal is input from the transmission circuit 30 to the first waveguide 13, the transmission signal is transmitted in the waveguide path of the first waveguide 13 as shown by the arrows Y41 and Y42, and is transmitted through the first junction 12A as shown by the arrow Y43 to the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21 in the position where the opening surfaces 11A and 21A face each other, that is, as shown by the arrow Y44, it is transmitted unidirectionally in the transmission path.
The transmission signal transmitted from the first junction 12A to the transmission path is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the first waveguide 13.
當被傳送在傳送通路內之發射訊號，到達第1方向性結合器22A時，如圖示箭頭Y45所示，發射訊號，其被傳送到第3導波管23，如圖示箭頭Y46及箭頭Y47所示地被傳送，以到達接收電路40，被接收電路40所接收。
如圖示箭頭Y44所示地被傳送在傳送通路之發射訊號，其未被傳送到由第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14所組成之偽導波管。
又，由第2分割導波管21與第2導波管14所組成之偽導波管的偽導波通路中之中心軸O方向之邊c之長度，其小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2波長，所以，被傳送到第3導波管23之發射訊號，其在位於第2導波管14的另一面上之第2方向性結合器22B上，不受第2方向性結合器22B所影響地經過。
When the transmission signal transmitted in the transmission path reaches the first directional combiner 22A, as shown by arrow Y45, the transmission signal is transmitted to the third waveguide 23, and is transmitted as shown by arrows Y46 and Y47 to reach the receiving circuit 40 and be received by the receiving circuit 40.
The transmission signal transmitted in the transmission path as shown by arrow Y44 is not transmitted to the dummy waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14.
In addition, the length of the side c in the direction of the central axis O in the pseudo waveguide path of the pseudo waveguide composed of the second split waveguide 21 and the second waveguide 14 is less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube, so the transmission signal transmitted to the third waveguide 23 passes through the second directional coupler 22B located on the other side of the second waveguide 14 without being affected by the second directional coupler 22B.
主要係實施形態2之迴轉接頭，其自靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係為第2位置之情形下，形成來自發射電路30之發射訊號，自第1導波管13（箭頭Y41及箭頭Y42），到達第1結合部12A（箭頭Y43）、由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路（箭頭Y44）、第1方向性結合器22A（箭頭Y45）、第3導波管23（箭頭Y46及箭頭Y47）之第2傳送路徑。
此時之被傳送到第2傳送路徑之發射訊號，其為單向通行，環共振模式係未被激發。
The rotary joint mainly implements the second form. When the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is the second position, the transmission signal from the transmission circuit 30 is formed from the first waveguide 13 (arrows Y41 and Y42), reaches the first coupling portion 12A (arrow Y43), the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21 (arrow Y44), the first directional coupler 22A (arrow Y45), and the third waveguide 23 (arrows Y46 and Y47) to form the second transmission path.
At this time, the transmission signal transmitted to the second transmission path is a one-way pass, and the ring resonance mode is not excited.
在以上之說明中，說明過實施形態2之迴轉接頭，其在靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係為第1位置中之例1中，發射訊號係被傳送在第1傳送路徑，在靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係為第2位置中之例1中，發射訊號係被傳送在第2傳送路徑。
但是，於旋轉體20相對於靜止體10而言，自第1傳送路徑切換到第2傳送路徑之過渡角度中，第1傳送路徑及第2傳送路徑兩者之傳送路徑係存在。
In the above description, the rotary joint of the embodiment 2 is described. In the example 1 in which the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is the first position, the transmission signal is transmitted in the first transmission path, and in the example 1 in which the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is the second position, the transmission signal is transmitted in the second transmission path.
However, in the transition angle of the rotating body 20 relative to the stationary body 10, the transmission paths of both the first transmission path and the second transmission path exist.
主要係實施形態2之迴轉接頭，其因應靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係，藉第1傳送路徑、第2傳送路徑、或第1傳送路徑及第2傳送路徑兩者之傳送路徑之三個傳送路徑，使來自發射電路30之發射訊號，可傳送到接收電路40。The rotary joint mainly implements form 2, which, in response to the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20, transmits the transmission signal from the transmitting circuit 30 to the receiving circuit 40 via three transmission paths, namely, the first transmission path, the second transmission path, or the first transmission path and the second transmission path.
亦即，對於靜止體10之旋轉體20之位置關係，亦即，在旋轉體20之旋轉角度為全旋轉角中，其為可傳送發射訊號，藉控制對於靜止體10之旋轉體20之位置關係，可使來自接收電路40之輸出，切換到第1傳送路徑或第2傳送路徑以輸出，或者，藉第1傳送路徑及第2傳送路徑兩者之傳送路徑，而電力合成以輸出。That is, the positional relationship of the rotating body 20 with respect to the stationary body 10, that is, when the rotation angle of the rotating body 20 is a full rotation angle, it is possible to transmit a transmission signal. By controlling the positional relationship of the rotating body 20 with respect to the stationary body 10, the output from the receiving circuit 40 can be switched to the first transmission path or the second transmission path for output, or, the transmission paths of both the first transmission path and the second transmission path can be used to electrically synthesize and output.
而且，第1傳送路徑與第2傳送路徑，其皆為被傳送之發射訊號為單向地單向通行，環共振模式係未被激發。
結果，可謀求寬頻化被傳送之發射訊號。
Moreover, the transmitted transmission signal in both the first transmission path and the second transmission path is unidirectional, and the ring resonance mode is not excited.
As a result, the transmitted transmission signal can be broadbanded.
而且，實施形態2之迴轉接頭，其將方向性結合器作為兩個，但是，其也可以使三個方向性結合器為等間隔，亦即，間隔120°配置，藉等間隔配置之方向性結合器，使第3導波管23與第2分割導波管21相結合。
在此情形下之靜止體10與旋轉體20之位置關係，其以120°單位，成為第1位置、第2位置、第3位置，迴轉接頭，其對應三個方向性結合器之每一個，以形成第1傳送路徑、第2傳送路徑、第3傳送路徑。
Moreover, the rotary joint of the second embodiment has two directional couplers, but it is also possible to arrange the three directional couplers at equal intervals, that is, at intervals of 120°, and to combine the third waveguide 23 with the second segmented waveguide 21 by the directional couplers arranged at equal intervals.
In this case, the positional relationship between the stationary body 10 and the rotating body 20 is the first position, the second position, and the third position in units of 120°, and the rotary joint corresponds to each of the three directional couplers to form the first transmission path, the second transmission path, and the third transmission path.
如上所述，實施形態2之迴轉接頭，其包括：靜止體10，具有：第1分割導波管11，呈圓弧狀，在一面具有平坦之開口面11A；以及第1導波管13，一端透過第1結合部12A，被連接到第1分割導波管11的一端；以及旋轉體20，具有：第2分割導波管21，呈環狀，在一面具有與第1分割導波管11的開口面11A相向之平坦之開口面21A；以及第3導波管23，在與第2分割導波管21的一面相向之另一面，沿著圓周配置，透過沿著第2分割導波管21之圓周，彼此隔開間隔配置之複數個之方向性結合器22A,22B，被結合到第2分割導波管21；相對於靜止體10而言，以中心軸O為中心而旋轉自如，於彼此的開口面11A,21A相向之位置中，第2分割導波管21係構成第1分割導波管11與導波管，所以，可形成：第1傳送路徑，由第1導波管13、第1結合部12A、由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管、方向性結合器22A、及第3導波管23所組成；以及第2傳送路徑，由第1導波管13、第1結合部12A、由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管、方向性結合器22B、及第3導波管23所組成。As described above, the rotary joint of the second embodiment includes: a stationary body 10 having: a first split waveguide 11, which is in an arc shape and has a flat opening surface 11A on one side; and a first waveguide 13, one end of which is connected to one end of the first split waveguide 11 through a first coupling portion 12A; and a rotating body 20 having: a second split waveguide 21, which is in an annular shape and has a flat opening surface 21A on one side facing the opening surface 11A of the first split waveguide 11; and a third waveguide 23, which is arranged along the circumference on the other side facing the one side of the second split waveguide 21, and is coupled through a plurality of directional couplers 22A, 22B arranged at intervals along the circumference of the second split waveguide 21. The second divided waveguide 21 is rotatable relative to the stationary body 10 about the central axis O. In the position where the opening surfaces 11A and 21A face each other, the second divided waveguide 21 constitutes the first divided waveguide 11 and the waveguide. Therefore, a first transmission path is formed, which is composed of the first waveguide 13, the first coupling portion 12A, the waveguide composed of the first divided waveguide 11 and the second divided waveguide 21, the directional coupler 22A, and the third waveguide 23; and a second transmission path is formed, which is composed of the first waveguide 13, the first coupling portion 12A, the waveguide composed of the first divided waveguide 11 and the second divided waveguide 21, the directional coupler 22B, and the third waveguide 23.
於第1導波管13的一面與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A相向之位置中，作為被構成之由第1導波管13與第2分割導波管21所組成之偽導波管中之偽導波通路之剖面形狀中，相對於中心軸O而言，平行之邊之長度小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2之矩形，於第2導波管14的一面與第2分割導波管21的開口面21A相向之位置中，作為被構成之由第2導波管14與第2分割導波管21所組成之偽導波管中之偽導波通路之剖面形狀中，相對於中心軸O而言，平行之邊之長度小於傳送訊號之管內波長之1／2之矩形，所以，傳送訊號未被傳送到偽導波管，傳送訊號係單向地單向通行以被傳送在由第1分割導波管11與第2分割導波管21所組成之導波管的導波通路內。
結果，環共振模式係未被激發，而謀求寬頻化傳送訊號。
At a position where one surface of the first waveguide 13 faces the opening surface 21A of the second divided waveguide 21, a cross-sectional shape of a pseudo waveguide path in a pseudo waveguide composed of the first waveguide 13 and the second divided waveguide 21 is formed, and the length of the parallel side relative to the central axis O is less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the signal transmitted in the tube. At a position where one surface of the second waveguide 14 faces the opening surface 21A of the second divided waveguide 21, , as the cross-sectional shape of the pseudo waveguide path in the pseudo waveguide composed of the second waveguide 14 and the second split waveguide 21, the length of the parallel side relative to the central axis O is a rectangle less than 1/2 of the wavelength of the transmission signal in the tube, so the transmission signal is not transmitted to the pseudo waveguide, and the transmission signal is unidirectionally passed to be transmitted in the waveguide path of the waveguide composed of the first split waveguide 11 and the second split waveguide 21.
As a result, the ring resonance mode is not excited, and the transmission signal is broadbanded.
而且，可以自由組合各實施形態，或者，變形各實施形態之任意之組成元件，或者，於各實施形態中，省略任意之組成元件。
[產業利用性]
Furthermore, each embodiment can be freely combined, or any component of each embodiment can be modified, or any component can be omitted in each embodiment.
[Industrial Applicability]
本開示之迴轉接頭，其適合於被適用到用於控制機械臂的手部分之通訊系統、及微波通訊系統之迴轉接頭。The rotary joint disclosed in the present invention is suitable for being applied to a communication system for controlling the hand part of a robot arm and a rotary joint of a microwave communication system.
