TW202406383A - Transmit energy allocation among different radios - Google Patents

Abstract

Certain aspects of the present disclosure provide techniques for transmit energy allocation. A method that may be performed by a wireless device includes obtaining reserve information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios including a first radio and second radios, the first radio communicating via a first type of radio access technology and the second radios communicating via a second type of radio access technology, different from the first type of radio access technology; determining a reserve for each of the radios based at least in part on the reserve information and an active state associated with each of the radios; and transmitting one or more signals using at least one of the radios at a transmit power determined based at least in part on a radio frequency exposure limit associated with each of the radios and the reserve for each of the radios.

Description

Distribution of transmission energy between different radios

This application claims priority from U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 18/325,773, filed on May 30, 2023, which claims priority from U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/365,697, filed on June 1, 2022, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/365,697, filed on July 2022. No. 63/369,329, filed on September 25, which applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.

Aspects of this disclosure relate to wireless communications, and more specifically to radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance.

Wireless communication systems are widely deployed to provide various telecommunications services, such as telephone, video, data, information transceiver, broadcast, etc. Modern wireless devices, such as cellular phones, are often authorized to meet radio frequency (RF) exposure limits set by certain government and international standards and regulations. To ensure compliance with standards, such a device may undergo an extensive certification process before being marketed. To ensure that wireless devices comply with RF exposure limits, various technologies have been developed to enable the wireless device to evaluate RF exposure from the wireless device and adjust the wireless device's transmission power accordingly to achieve compliance.

The systems, methods, and devices of the present disclosure each have several aspects, no one of which is solely responsible for its desirable attributes. Without limiting the scope of the disclosure as expressed in the appended claims, some features will now be briefly discussed. After considering this discussion, and particularly after reading the section entitled "Detailed Description," one will understand how features of the present disclosure may provide for improved wireless communication performance and/or efficient energy distribution between radios. advantage.

Certain aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in a method of wireless communication by a wireless device. The method generally includes obtaining backup information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios, the plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type The radio access technology communicates, and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology, the second type of radio access technology being different from the first type of radio access technology. The method also includes determining a backup for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the backup information and an activation state associated with each of the plurality of radios, and transmitting at a transmit power using at least one of the radios For one or more signals, the transmission power is determined based at least in part on the radio frequency (RF) exposure limits associated with each of the radios and the backup of each of the radios.

Certain aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communications. The device generally includes a memory and a processor coupled to the memory. The processor is configured to obtain backup information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios, the plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio via a first A type of radio access technology communicates, and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology, the second type of radio access technology being different from the first type of radio access technology; at least determining backup for each of the plurality of radios based in part on the backup information and an activation state associated with each of the plurality of radios; and transmitting one or more signals at transmit power using at least one of the radios , the transmit power is determined based at least in part on the radio frequency (RF) exposure limits associated with each of the radios and the backup of each of the radios.

Certain aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure may be implemented in an apparatus for wireless communications. The apparatus generally includes means for obtaining backup information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios, the plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio Communicating via a first type of radio access technology, and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology, the second type of radio access technology being different from the first type of radio access technology Techniques; means for determining a backup for each of a plurality of radios based at least in part on backup information and an activation state associated with each of the plurality of radios; and for using at least one of the radios to A component that transmits power to transmit one or more signals based at least in part on the radio frequency (RF) exposure limits associated with each of the radios and the backup of each of the radios.

Certain aspects of the subject matter described in this disclosure can be implemented in a computer-readable medium. The computer-readable medium has instructions stored thereon that, when executed by a device, cause the device to perform operations including: obtaining backup information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios, The plurality of radios includes a first radio that communicates via a first type of radio access technology, and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type of radio access technology, and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology. technology to communicate, the second type of radio access technology being different from the first type of radio access technology; the decision to target one of the plurality of radios is based at least in part on the backup information and the activation state associated with each of the plurality of radios. backup of each of the radios; and using at least one of the radios to transmit one or more signals at a transmission power that is based at least in part on the radio frequency (RF) exposure limits associated with each of the radios and the radio Determined by the backup of each.

To achieve the above and related purposes, one or more aspects include the features fully described below and particularly pointed out in the claims. The following description and drawings detail certain illustrative features of one or more aspects. These features are indicative, however, of but a few of the various ways in which the principles of various aspects may be employed.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatus, methods, processing systems, and computer-readable media for transmitting energy distribution between different radios. Radios can be used with several access technologies (RATs).

In some cases, wireless communication devices may evaluate a specific RAT (e.g., Long Term Evolution (LTE) or fifth generation new radio (5G NR)) or a class of RATs (such as a wireless wide area network (WWAN) access technology (e.g., LTE and 5G NR)) radio frequency (RF) exposure compliance for both radios. The wireless device may be configured with a minimum reserve associated with the two radios used for WWAN communications, and a ratio for splitting the minimum reserve between radios when both radios are actively transmitting at the same time. When two radios are transmitting simultaneously, the wireless device can divide the minimum reserve between the radios based on a configured ratio. When only one of the radios is transmitting, the wireless device may allocate at least the entire minimum reserve to the corresponding radio. Wireless devices can also support other types of RATs, such as IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, satellite communications, device-to-device (e.g., sidechain) communications, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communications, etc.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatus and methods for allocating transmission energy to three or more radios and/or among radios communicating via different RATs. For example, a wireless device may allocate minimum spare among radios in an antenna group. Radios in the antenna group can communicate via WWAN (eg, LTE and 5G NR) and wireless area network (WLAN) access technologies (eg, IEEE 802.11). The wireless device can allocate minimum backup among radios that will be actively transmitting at the same time. In some cases, a wireless device may be configured with backup dedicated to a specific RAT, such as Bluetooth, where other radios in the antenna group may share the minimum backup, as described further herein.

The apparatus and methods described herein for distributing transmission energy between radios help improve wireless communications performance (e.g., improve signal quality at the receiver, reduce latency, increase throughput, etc.). For example, a wireless device may allocate a portion of the minimum reserve to a radio that is actively transmitting, such that other radio(s) not transmitting may not be assigned any reserve. Such allocation may allow actively transmitting radios to obtain backup that helps improve wireless communications performance. The energy allocation described in this article can allow efficient allocation of spares between radios using different RATs.

As used herein, radio may refer to one or more enabling bandwidths, transceivers, and/or radio access technologies (RATs) used for wireless communications (e.g., Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), LTE, NR, IEEE 802.11, Bluetooth, etc.) associated entity or logical transmission path. For example, for uplink carrier aggregation in LTE and/or NR, each of the launch component carriers used for wireless communications may be treated as a separate radio. Similarly, multi-band transmissions for IEEE 802.11 communications can be viewed as separate radios for each bandwidth (eg, 2.4GHz, 5GHz, or 6GHz). As used herein, "minimum reserve" or "only reserve" may refer to allocation within a specific duration (e.g., a transmission occasion, a time window associated with a (time-averaged) RF exposure limit, or a portion thereof) The minimum level of transmit power given to one or more radios.

The following description provides examples of RF exposure compliance in communications systems and does not limit the scope, applicability, or examples set forth in the patent claims. Changes may be made in the function and arrangement of the elements discussed without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various processes or elements as appropriate. For example, the described methods may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. Additionally, features described with respect to some examples may be combined in some other examples. For example, apparatuses may be implemented or methods may be practiced using any number of aspects set forth herein. Furthermore, the scope of the disclosure is intended to cover such apparatus or methods that may be practiced using other structures, functions, or structures and functions in addition to the various aspects of the disclosure set forth herein. It should be understood that any aspect of the disclosure disclosed herein may be embodied by one or more elements of the claimed scope. The word "exemplary" is used herein to mean "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any aspect described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects.

Typically, any number of wireless networks can be deployed in a given geographic area. Each wireless network can support a specific radio access technology (RAT) and can operate on one or more frequencies. RAT can also be called radio technology, air interface, etc. Frequency can also be called carrier, sub-carrier, frequency channel, frequency tone, sub-band, etc. Each frequency may support a single RAT within a given geographic area to avoid interference between wireless networks of different RATs, or may support multiple RATs.

The techniques described in this article can be used with a variety of wireless networks and radio technologies. Although aspects may be described herein using terminology commonly associated with 3G, 4G, and/or new radio (e.g., 5G NR) wireless technologies, aspects of the present disclosure may be applied to other generation-based communication systems and/or Or wireless technologies such as 802.11, 802.15, etc.

NR access can support various wireless communication services, such as enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) for wide bandwidth (e.g., 80MHz or above), millimeter wave (mmWave) for high carrier frequencies (e.g., 24GHz to 53GHz or above), Large-scale MTC (mMTC) for non-backward-compatible machine type communication MTC technologies, and/or mission-critical for ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC). These services may include latency and reliability specifications. These services may also have different transmission time intervals (TTI) to meet corresponding quality of service (QoS) specifications. Furthermore, these services may coexist in the same subframe. NR supports beamforming, and the beam direction can be dynamically configured. Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) transmission with precoding can also be supported, just like multi-layer transmission. Can support aggregation of multiple cells. Example wireless communications networks and devices

Figure 1 illustrates an example wireless communications network 100 in which aspects of the present disclosure may be performed. For example, the wireless communication network 100 may be an NR system (eg, 5G NR network), an Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-UTRA) system (eg, 4G network), a Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS) (eg, 2G/3G networks), or Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) systems (e.g., 2G/3G networks), or may be configured for communications in accordance with IEEE standards (such as one or more of the 802.11 standards) . As shown in FIG. 1 , in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure, UE 120a includes an RF exposure manager 122 that uses spares assigned to radios per antenna group to ensure RF exposure compliance.

As shown in FIG. 1, wireless communication network 100 may include multiple BSs 110a-z (each also referred to herein as individually BS 110 or collectively as BS 110) and other network entities. BS 110 may provide communications coverage for a specific geographic area (sometimes referred to as a "cell"), which may be stationary or may move based on the location of the mobile BS. In some examples, BSs 110 may interconnect to each other and/or to wireless communication network 100 through various types of backhaul interfaces (e.g., direct physical connections, wireless connections, virtual networks, etc.) using any suitable transport network. one or more other BSs or network nodes (not shown). In the example shown in Figure 1, BSs 110a, 110b, and 110c may be macro BSs for macro cells 102a, 102b, and 102c, respectively. BS 110x may be a pico BS for pico cell 102x. BSs 110y and 110z may be femto BSs for femtocells 102y and 102z, respectively. A BS can support one or more cells.

BS 110 communicates with UEs 120a-y (each also referred to herein as individually or collectively as UE 120) in wireless communications network 100. UEs 120 (eg, 120x, 120y, etc.) may be dispersed throughout the wireless communication network 100, and each UE 120 may be fixed or mobile. The wireless communication network 100 may also include a relay station (eg, relay station 110r), also known as a relay, etc., which receives transmission of data and/or other information from an upstream station (eg, BS 110a or UE 120r) and transmits data to a downstream station (eg, BS 110a or UE 120r). , UE 120 or BS 110) to send transmissions of data and/or other information, or relay transmissions between UEs 120 to facilitate communication between devices.

Network controller 130 may communicate with and provide coordination and control for a group of BSs 110 (eg, via backhaul). In some cases, for example, in a 5G NR system, the network controller 130 may include a centralized unit (CU) and/or a decentralized unit (DU). In some aspects, network controller 130 may communicate with core network 132 (e.g., 5G core network (5GC)), which provides various network functions such as access and mobility management, session management, user Plane functions, policy control functions, authentication server functions, unified data management, application functions, network exposure functions, network repository functions, network slice selection functions, etc.

Figure 2 illustrates example elements of a BS 110a and a UE 120a (eg, wireless communications network 100 of Figure 1) that may be used to implement aspects of the present disclosure.

At BS 110a, transport processor 220 may receive data from data source 212 and control information from controller/processor 240. Control information can be used for physical broadcast channel (PBCH), physical control format indicator channel (PCFICH), physical hybrid ARQ indicator channel (PHICH), physical downlink control channel (PDCCH), group common PDCCH (GC PDCCH), etc. . The information may be for the physical downlink shared channel (PDSCH), etc. The Media Access Control (MAC) Control Element (MAC-CE) is a MAC layer communication structure that can be used for the exchange of control commands between wireless nodes. MAC-CE may be carried in a shared channel such as PDSCH, Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) or Physical Sidechain Shared Channel (PSSCH).

Processor 220 may process (eg, encode and symbol map) data and control information to obtain data symbols and control symbols, respectively. The transport processor 220 may also generate reference symbols, such as for primary synchronization signal (PSS), secondary synchronization signal (SSS), PBCH demodulation reference signal (DMRS), and channel status information reference signal (CSI-RS). A transmit (TX) multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) processor 230 may perform spatial processing (e.g., precoding) on the data symbols, control symbols, and/or reference symbols (if applicable) and may provide signals in the transceivers 232a-232t. The modulator (MOD) provides the output symbol stream. Each modulator in transceivers 232a-232t may process a corresponding output symbol stream (eg, for OFDM, etc.) to obtain an output sample stream. Each of transceivers 232a-232t may further process (eg, convert to analog, amplify, filter, and upconvert) the output sample stream to obtain a downlink signal. Downlink signals from transceivers 232a-232t may be transmitted via antennas 234a-234t, respectively.

At UE 120a, antennas 252a-252r may receive downlink signals from BS 110a and may provide the received signals to transceivers 254a-254r, respectively. Transceivers 254a-254r may condition (eg, filter, amplify, downconvert, and digitize) corresponding received signals to obtain input samples. Each demodulator (DEMOD) in transceiver 232a-232t may further process the input samples (eg, for OFDM, etc.) to obtain received symbols. MIMO detector 256 may obtain received symbols from all demodulators in transceivers 254a-254r, perform MIMO detection on the received symbols (if applicable), and provide detected symbols. Receive processor 258 may process (eg, demodulate, deinterleave, and decode) the detected symbols, provide decoding data for UE 120a to data slot 260, and provide decoding control information to controller/processor 280.

On the uplink, at UE 120a, transport processor 264 may receive and process data from data sources 262 (eg, for physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH)) as well as control information from controller/processor 280 (For example, for the physical uplink control channel (PUCCH)). Transmit processor 264 may also generate reference symbols for reference signals (eg, for sounding reference signals (SRS)). If applicable, symbols from transmit processor 264 may be precoded by TX MIMO processor 266 for further processing by modulators (MODs) in transceivers 254a-254r (e.g., for SC-FDM, etc.), and transmitted to BS 110a. At BS 110a, uplink signals from UE 120a may be received by antenna 234, processed by demodulators in transceivers 232a-232t, detected by MIMO detector 236 (if applicable), and received by a receive processor. 238 is further processed to obtain the decoded data and control information sent by UE 120a. Receive processor 238 may provide decoded data to data slot 239 and decoded control information to controller/processor 240.

Memories 242 and 282 may store data and codes for BS 110a and UE 120a, respectively. The scheduler 244 may schedule the UE for data transmission on the downlink and/or uplink.

Antenna 252, processors 266, 258, 264, and/or controller/processor 280 of UE 120a, and/or antenna 234, processors 220, 230, 238, and/or controller/processor 240 of BS 110a may be used. for performing the various techniques and methods described in this article. As shown in Figure 2, the controller/processor 280 of the UE 120a has an RF exposure manager 281 representing an RF exposure manager 122 in accordance with aspects described herein. Although shown at a controller/processor, other elements of UE 120a and BS 110a may be used to perform the operations described herein.

NR can utilize Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) with cyclic prefix (CP) on both the uplink and downlink. NR can support half-duplex operation using time-division duplex (TDD). OFDM and single-carrier frequency division multiplexing (SC-FDM) divide the system bandwidth into multiple orthogonal subcarriers. These subcarriers are also often called frequency tones, frequency points, etc. Each subcarrier can be modulated with data. Modulation symbols can be sent in the frequency domain using OFDM and in the time domain using SC-FDM. The spacing between adjacent subcarriers may be fixed, and the total number of subcarriers may depend on the system bandwidth. The system bandwidth can also be divided into sub-bands. For example, a sub-band can cover multiple resource blocks (RBs).

Although UE 120a is described with respect to Figures 1 and 2 as communicating with a BS and/or within a network, UE 120a may be configured to communicate directly with/transmit to another UE 120, or to/from another UE 120. Wireless devices communicate without relaying communications through the network. In some aspects, BS 110a shown in FIG. 2 and described above is an example of another UE 120. Example RF transceiver

3 is a block diagram of an example RF transceiver circuit 300 in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. RF transceiver circuit 300 includes at least one transmit (TX) path 302 (also referred to as a transmit chain) for transmitting signals via one or more antennas 306 and at least one receive (RX) path 304 for receiving signals via antennas 306 (Also called the receive chain). When TX path 302 and RX path 304 share antenna 306, the paths may be connected to the antennas via interface 308, which may include any of a variety of suitable RF devices, such as switches, duplexers, antenna duplexers, multiplexers wait.

In the case of receiving an in-phase (I) or quadrature (Q) fundamental frequency analog signal from a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 310, the TX path 302 may include a fundamental frequency filter (BBF) 312, mixer 314, driver amplifier (DA) 316 and power amplifier (PA) 318. BBF 312, mixer 314, and DA 316 may be included in one or more radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs). For some implementations, the PA 318 can be external to the RFIC(s).

BBF 312 filters the fundamental frequency signal received from DAC 310, and mixer 314 mixes the filtered fundamental frequency signal with a transmit local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the fundamental frequency signal of interest to a different frequency ( For example, upconversion from fundamental frequency to radio frequency). This frequency conversion process produces sum and difference frequencies between the LO frequency and the frequency of the fundamental signal of interest. The sum and difference frequencies are called beat frequencies. The beat frequency is typically in the RF range such that the signal output by mixer 314 is typically an RF signal that may be amplified by DA 316 and/or PA 318 prior to transmission by antenna 306 . Although one mixer 314 is shown, several mixers may be used to upconvert the filtered baseband signal to one or more intermediate frequencies, and then upconvert the intermediate frequency signal to a frequency for transmission.

RX path 304 may include a low-noise amplifier (LNA) 324, a mixer 326, and a baseband filter (BBF) 328. LNA 324, mixer 326, and BBF 328 may be included in one or more RFICs, which may or may not be the same RFIC that includes the TX path elements. The RF signal received via antenna 306 may be amplified by LNA 324, and mixer 326 mixes the amplified RF signal with the received local oscillator (LO) signal to convert the RF signal of interest to a different fundamental frequency frequency (e.g., downconversion). The baseband signal output by the mixer 326 may be filtered by the BBF 328 and then converted into a digital I or Q signal by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 330 for digital signal processing.

Some transceivers may employ a frequency synthesizer with a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO) to produce a stable tunable LO with a specific tuning range. Thus, the transmit LO may be generated by TX frequency synthesizer 320, which may be buffered or amplified by amplifier 322, and then mixed with the baseband signal in mixer 314. Similarly, the receive LO may be generated by RX frequency synthesizer 332, the receive LO may be buffered or amplified by amplifier 334, and then mixed with the RF signal in mixer 326.

Controller 336 may direct the operation of RF transceiver circuit 300 , such as transmitting signals via TX path 302 and/or receiving signals via RX path 304 . Controller 336 may be a processor, digital signal processor (DSP), application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. Memory 338 may store data and program code used to operate RF transceiver circuit 300. Controller 336 and/or memory 338 may include control logic. In some cases, the controller 336 may determine the transmit power to be applied to the TX path 302 (e.g., certain gain levels at the PA 318) that complies with country-specific regulations and/or RF exposure limits set by international standards. Example RF Exposure Compliance

RF exposure can be expressed in terms of specific absorption rate (SAR), which measures energy absorption per unit mass of human tissue and can be expressed in watts per kilogram (W/kg). RF exposure can also be expressed in terms of power density (PD), which measures energy absorption per unit area and can be measured in mW/ ^cm . In some cases, maximum permissible exposure (MPE) limits with respect to PDs may be imposed for wireless devices using transmission frequencies above 6 GHz. MPE limits are area-based regulatory indicators of exposure. For example, energy density limits are defined as watts per square meter X (W/m2) averaged over a defined area, and over a frequency-dependent time window. The averaging time is performed to prevent human exposure hazards represented by changes in tissue temperature.

SAR can be used to assess RF exposure at transmission frequencies less than 6 GHz, covering areas such as 2G/3G (e.g., CDMA), 4G (e.g., LTE), 5G (e.g., NR in the 6 GHz bandwidth), IEEE 802.11ac, etc. Wireless communication technology. PD can be used to evaluate RF exposure at transmission frequencies higher than 6GHz, which covers wireless communication technologies such as IEEE 802.11ad, 802.11ay, 5G in mmWave bandwidth, etc. Therefore, different metrics can be used to assess RF exposure to different wireless communication technologies.

A wireless device (eg, UE 120) may transmit signals simultaneously using multiple wireless communication technologies. For example, the wireless device may use a first wireless communication technology operating at or below 6 GHz (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, etc.) and a second wireless communication technology operating above 6 GHz (e.g., mmWave in the 24 to 60 GHz bandwidth 5G, IEEE 802.11ad or 802.11ay) transmit signals simultaneously. In some aspects, the wireless device may use a first wireless communication technology (e.g., 3G, 4G, 5G, IEEE 802.11ac, etc. in the sub-6 GHz bandwidth) and a second wireless communication technology (e.g., in the 24 to 60 GHz bandwidth 5G, IEEE 802.11ad, 802.11ay, etc.) simultaneously transmit signals. In the first wireless communication technology, RF exposure is measured based on SAR, and in the second wireless communication technology, RF exposure is measured based on PD. As used herein, sub-6 GHz bandwidth may include bandwidths from 300 MHz to 6,000 MHz in some examples, and may include bandwidths in the 6000 MHz and/or 7000 MHz range in some examples.

In some cases, the RF exposure limit will be adhered to within a specified time window (T) associated with the RF exposure limit (e.g., 2 seconds for 60GHz bandwidth, 100 or 360 seconds for ≤6GHz bandwidth, etc.) Values are performed as time-averaged RF exposure estimates. Figure 4A is a graph 400A of transmit power versus time (P(t)) over a time window (t) associated with an RF exposure limit, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. For example, in certain transmission opportunities in the time window (T), the transient transmission power may exceed the maximum time-averaged transmission power level P _limit . That is, the transmission power may be greater than the maximum time average transmission power level P _limit . In some cases, the UE can transmit at P _max , _which is the maximum transmission power supported by the UE. In some cases, the UE may transmit with a transmission power less than or equal to the maximum time average transmission power level P _limit in certain transmission opportunities. The maximum time average transmission power level P _limit represents the time average threshold in terms of transmission power above the time window (T) of the RF exposure limit, and in some cases P _limit may be referred to as the maximum time average power level or The limit, or in terms of exposure, is called the maximum time-averaged RF exposure level or limit. Graph 400A also shows gaps between transmission bursts, where gaps represent periods of time when no transmissions are output from the device.

In some cases, transmit power may be maintained at a maximum time-averaged transmit power level (eg, P _limit ) that allows for RF exposure compliance that enables continuous transmission during the time window. For example, FIG. 4B is a graph 400B of transmission power over time (P(t)) showing an example in which transmission power is limited to P _limit , in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. As shown in the figure, the UE can continuously transmit at P _limit according to the RF exposure limit.

4C is a graph 400C of transmission power over time (P(t)), illustrating a time average of providing backup power to enable continuous transmission within a time window (t), in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. model. As shown in the figure, the transmission power can be retreated from the maximum transient power (P _max ) to the reserve power (P _reserve ), so that the UE can continue to transmit at a lower power (P _reserve ) to maintain continuous transmission during the time window ( For example, maintaining a radio connection with the receiving entity). In Figure 4C, the area between P _max and P _reserve within the duration of P _max can be equal to the area between P _limit and P _reserve within the time window T, such that the transmission power (P(t) in Figure 4C ) is equal to the area of P _limit within the time window T. Such areas may consider using 100% of energy (transmitted power or exposure) to maintain compliance with time-averaged RF exposure limits. In the absence of reserve power P _reserve , the transmitter may transmit at P _max during part of the time window and switch off the transmitter during the remainder of the time window to ensure compliance with the time-averaged RF exposure limits. In some aspects, P _reserve is set to a fixed power for a certain purpose (e.g., reserve power for certain communications). The transmission duration under P _max can be called burst transmission time (or high power duration). When more margin is available in the future (after T seconds), the transmitter can be allowed to transmit again at higher power (e.g., at P _max in short bursts).

In some aspects, in the time-averaged mode shown in Figure 4C, the UE may transmit at a power above the average power level but less than _Pmax . Although a single transmission burst is shown in Figure 4C, it should be understood that the UE may alternatively use multiple transmission bursts within the time window (T), for example, as described herein with respect to Figure 4A, where the transmission burst Can be separated by periods during _which the transmission power remains at or below P _reserve . Furthermore, it should be understood that the transmission power of each transmission burst may vary (within the burst and/or compared to other bursts) and that at least a portion of the burst may operate at a higher than maximum average power level (e.g., P _limit ) to transmit the power.

Although FIGS. 4A-4C illustrate continuous transmission over time windows, timings, bursts, etc., it should be understood that duty cycles of transmissions may be implemented. In such an implementation, the transmit power may periodically be zero and remain at a higher level during other portions of the duty cycle (eg, the levels shown in Figures 4A-4C). As used herein, the duty cycle of a transmission may refer to a portion (eg, 5ms) of a specific period (eg, 500ms) in which one or more signals are transmitted. In some cases, the duty cycle may be standardized (eg, predetermined) with a specific RAT and/or vary over time due to changes in radio conditions, mobility, and/or user behavior, for example.

In some cases, a wireless device may be evaluated for RF exposure compliance based on one or more antenna groups, where an antenna group may be a collection of antennas and/or antenna modules. Antenna groups can be treated mutually exclusive with respect to RF exposure. For example, a wireless device may evaluate the RF exposure compliance of an antenna group independently of the RF exposure compliance of another antenna group. The antenna and/or antenna module can support multiple RATs.

5 is a block diagram illustrating an example grouping of multiple antennas of a wireless communications device 500 in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. In this example, wireless communication device 500 (eg, UE 120, such as a smartphone, or any wireless communication device described herein) includes a first antenna 502a, a second antenna 502b, a third antenna 502c, a fourth Antenna 502d, fifth antenna 502e, sixth antenna 502f and seventh antenna 502g. The antennas 502a-502g are arranged into three antenna groups 504, 506, 508 that generally correspond to the top of the device 500, the bottom of the device 500, and the bottom of the device 500 when the device 500 is held in an upright position. side. Those skilled in the art will understand that more or less than seven antennas may be implemented, and/or more or less than three antenna groupings may be defined. Each of the illustrated antennas 502a-502g may represent a single antenna, an array of antennas (eg, a phased array), or a module including one or more antennas. Antenna groups 504, 506, 508 may each include one or more antennas configured to operate in a certain bandwidth (e.g., very high (e.g., mmWave bandwidth), high (e.g., 6-7 GHz bandwidth) , medium (eg, 3-6GHz bandwidth) or low (eg, 400MHz-3GHz bandwidth) medium transmission, or the antenna groups may each include one or more antennas configured to transmit in multiple bandwidths.

In various aspects, the antenna groupings described herein can be allocated into various antenna groupings (e.g., mmWave groupings, sub-6GHz groupings, low bandwidth groupings (e.g., 400MHz-3GHz bandwidth), mixed-mode groupings (e.g., mmWave and sub-6GHz grouping), multi-RAT grouping (e.g., WWAN and WLAN), grouping for different exposure scenarios and/or device position relative to the user's body, etc.), e.g., for different transmission scenarios. For example, under mmWave grouping, each mmWave module (eg, first antenna 502a, third antenna 502c, and fifth antenna 502e) may be viewed as a separate antenna group, wherein each mmWave module may have a Multiple antenna elements in one or more arrays (e.g., 64 dual-polarized antenna elements). mmWave modules may be capable of transmitting various beams via predefined antenna configurations, where the beams may form a codebook. Under sub-6GHz grouping, sub-6GHz antennas can be grouped into separate groups. For example, the second antenna 502b and the fourth antenna 502d may be assigned to one group, while the sixth antenna 502f and the seventh antenna 502g may be assigned to another group. In some cases, antennas 502a-502g may be assigned to mixed-mode groupings, such as three antenna groups 504, 506, 508. Each antenna may be included in a separate antenna group, as shown, or one or more antennas may be included in multiple antenna groups.

Antenna groups may be defined and/or operated to be mutually exclusive with respect to RF exposure. In certain aspects, the transmit power of one or more antenna groups (or one or more antennas within one or more groups) can be reduced such that the (normalized) sum of the exposures of all antenna groups, or overlap The (normalized) sum of the RF exposure distributions is less than a specific value (e.g., 1.0).

In some cases, a wireless device can evaluate the RF exposure compliance of two radios for a specific RAT (e.g., LTE or 5G NR) or a class of RATs such as WWAN access technologies (e.g., LTE and 5G NR). The wireless device Can be configured with a minimum reserve per antenna group associated with the two radios used for WWAN communications, and a ratio for splitting the minimum reserve between radios when both radios are actively transmitting at the same time. The minimum reserve can be based on Normalized exposure level to configure. When two radios are transmitting simultaneously, the wireless device can divide the minimum backup between radios based on the configured ratio. When only one of the radios is transmitting, the wireless device can divide at least the entire minimum Spare is assigned to the corresponding radio.

In dual-radio transmission scenarios (e.g., LTE or NR inter-band carrier aggregation, dual connectivity, etc.), where both radios transmit simultaneously (or in the same time interval associated with a time-averaging time window) in the same antenna group, The secondary radio can be allocated a portion of the minimum reserve for a specific antenna group, as provided by the following equation: Reserve _radio2 = secondary_split_ratio _AGk * NE _{totalMinRsv,AGk} (1) where secondary_split_ratio _AGk represents the percentage of the minimum reserve allocated to the secondary radio , and NE _{totalMinRsv,AGk} is the minimum reserve amount allocated to a specific antenna group (AGk). The primary radio can be allocated the remainder of the minimum reserve given by: Reserve _radio1 = ( 1 – secondary_split_ratio _AGk ) * NE _{totalMinRsv,AGk} . (2)

In another dual-radio transmission scenario, where both radios transmit simultaneously (or in the same time interval) in different antenna groups, both radios can be assigned at least the corresponding minimum reserve of the corresponding antenna group (e.g., NE _{totalMinRsv ,AGk} ). Example transmission energy distribution between different radio access technologies

Multi-mode/multi-bandwidth UEs have multiple transmit antennas that can simultaneously transmit in bandwidths below 6 GHz and bandwidths greater than 6 GHz, such as mmWave bandwidth. As described in this article, RF exposure for bandwidths below 6 GHz can be assessed based on SAR, and RF exposure for bandwidths greater than 6 GHz can be assessed based on PD. Due to simultaneous exposure regulations, wireless devices may limit maximum transmission power in both sub-6GHz and greater than 6GHz bandwidths.

Aspects of the present disclosure provide apparatus and methods for allocating transmission energy between radios communicating via different RATs. For example, a wireless device may allocate minimum spare among radios in an antenna group. In some cases, radios in an antenna group can communicate via WWAN (eg, LTE and 5G NR) and WLAN access technologies (eg, IEEE 802.11). Wireless devices can allocate minimum backup among radios that will be actively transmitting at the same time. In some cases, a wireless device may be configured with spares dedicated to a specific RAT, such as Bluetooth, where other radios in the antenna group may share the minimum spares, as described further herein.

The apparatus and methods described herein for distributing transmission energy between radios may help improve wireless communications performance (e.g., improve signal quality at the receiver, reduce latency, increase throughput, etc.). For example, a wireless device may allocate a portion of the minimum reserve to a radio that is actively transmitting, such that other radio(s) not transmitting may not be assigned any reserve. Such an allocation may allow the radio to transmit proactively to obtain backup that helps improve wireless communication performance. The energy allocation described in this article can allow efficient allocation of spares between radios using different RATs.

In certain aspects, a wireless device may be configured with specific backup information for each antenna group, such as the antenna groups described herein with respect to FIG. 5 . At least one of the antenna groups may be associated with three or more radios. In some examples, radios may communicate via two or more different RATs, which may include, for example, a combination of WWAN and WLAN, a combination of WWAN and Bluetooth, or a combination of WWAN, WLAN, and Bluetooth. The spare information may include the minimum spare NE _{totalMinRsv, AGk} shared between two or more radios and the radio specific split ratio(s). Each radio associated with a common minimum spare may be configured to have a split ratio that determines a portion of the common minimum spare allocated to the corresponding radio. This configuration of antenna groups may allow wireless devices to efficiently allocate spares between radios communicating via different RATs. The minimum spare can be shared between radios transmitting at the same time as each other or in the same time interval. For example, if two of the radios in an antenna group are transmitting simultaneously, the wireless device can divide the minimum spare between those radios, as described further herein.

Wireless devices may be configured to have a per-radio split ratio associated with a common minimum spare. For a radio that is in the powered-up state (e.g., radio (i)), the fraction of the minimum reserve for a specific antenna group (NE _{totalMinRsv.AGk} ) can be determined based on the following equation: (3) where radio( i ).split_ratio is the split ratio of radio(i), i is the index of each radio that is in the powered-up state. An active radio may refer to a radio that may be transmitting or will transmit during a specific transmission occasion or (future) time interval of the time window associated with the time-averaged RF exposure limit. For example, a radio being in an active state may correspond to when the radio is (or can or will be) actively transmitting during a transmission occasion or time interval of a time window. The portion of the reserve allocated to the radio(s) that are not in the active state may be set to the remainder of the minimum reserve, such as zero.

6 is a diagram illustrating antenna groups (eg, antenna group 504 , where in this example the antennas in antenna group 504 are coupled to a total of three radios) for multiple radios (Radio 1, Radio 2) for different transmission scenarios. and Radio 3) Example Alternate Table 600. In this example, the antenna group can be combined with Radio 1 (e.g., a sub-6GHz radio for NR), Radio 2 (e.g., a 2.4GHz radio for IEEE 802.11), and Radio 3 (e.g., a 5GHz radio for IEEE 802.11 ) is associated, where the split ratio for each of Radio 1, Radio 2 and Radio 3 is set to 1/3 or 33%. In terms of normalized exposure, the minimum spare configured for the antenna group is set to 0.6. It should be understood that the split ratio being the same between all radios is only an example, and the split ratio can vary between radios. The split ratio may be adjusted based on various criteria, such as priorities and/or services associated with a particular radio. For example, the service may include voice services, video services, game services, augmented or virtual reality services, video conferencing services, Internet-type services, WLAN point-to-point (P2P) services, cellular vehicle-to-everything (CV2X) services, hotspots WLAN services, etc. In certain aspects, the allocated backup level for a radio (or each radio) may depend on which services are mapped to that radio and/or the backup level for such service(s). In some cases, certain services may be assigned spares, such as spare levels for each service or services, and such service-based spares may be determined as described herein with respect to radio-based spares. For example, a first spare may be assigned to a first service, and a second spare may be assigned to a second service. Services may be distributed between multiple radios (e.g., a first radio may transmit traffic associated with a first service, a second radio may transmit traffic associated with a second service, etc.) or on a single radio (e.g., a first radio may transmit traffic associated with a first service, etc.) , the first radio can transmit traffic associated with the first service and the second service).

In a first transmission scenario, where only Radio 1 in the antenna group is transmitting, the wireless device may allocate at least the entire minimum reserve to Radio 1. As described herein, a minimum reserve may correspond to a minimum level of transmit power allocated to a radio for a specific duration. In some cases, the wireless device may allow the radio to transmit at a higher transmission power than the minimum reserve (eg, P _max as shown in Figure 4C ) in accordance with the time-averaged RF exposure limit. According to the operation equation (3), radio( i ).split_ratio is equal to the sum of the split ratios of the radios in the activated state, so that radio 1 is allocated at least the minimum backup NE _{totalMinRsv.AGk} . For example, if additional margin is available and/or depends on one or more other criteria, such as characteristics of the transmission (e.g., possible high variability and/or bursty patterns) and/or prioritization of the radio, then One or more of them may be assigned a higher reserve than the minimum reserve.

In a second transmission scenario, with all radios in the active state, the wireless device may allocate a portion of the minimum spare split ratio to each radio in proportion to the split ratio of the corresponding radio. According to equation (3), the sum of the split ratios of the radios in the active state is equal to one (1), such that each radio receives a portion of the minimum spare proportional to the split ratio of the corresponding radio.

In a third transmission scenario, where Radio 1 and Radio 2 are active, the wireless device may divide minimum backup between Radio 1 and Radio 2. According to the operation equation (3), each of the split ratios of Radio 1 and Radio 2 is equal to half of the sum of the split ratios of the radios in the activated state, so that the minimum backup is equally split between Radio 1 and Wireless 2.

In a fourth transmission scenario, where Radio 2 and Radio 3 are in the active state, the wireless device can again divide the minimum backup between Radio 2 and Radio 3. In the fifth transmission scenario, where Radio 2 is in the up state, the wireless device may allocate at least the entire minimum reserve (NE _{totalMinRsv.AGk} ) to Radio 2.

If a radio in another antenna group is transmitting at the same time as one of Radios 1-3, the example backup for the transmission scenario can remain the same since the antenna groups are mutually exclusive with respect to exposure.

In some cases, wireless devices may be configured with specific backup information for specific radios in an antenna group. For example, some backup information can be assigned to Bluetooth radios in an antenna group. Such a configuration may allow wireless devices to provide dedicated backup for specific radios in certain transmission scenarios. For example, backup information may include information for when a radio in the antenna group transmits on its own (e.g., independently) in the antenna group, when two radios in the antenna group are active, and/or when three radios in the antenna group or more different reserve levels when the radio is up (for example, radio.reserve_level _AGk or BT.reserve_level _AGk ). Spare information ensures a certain amount of spares for the radio, regardless of whether the radio is transmitting. Such a configuration may allow the wireless device to transmit with the radio via at least the guaranteed backup level and prevent the guaranteed backup level from being used by another radio.

When a radio with dedicated backup information transmits on its own, the wireless device can use a specific backup (eg, 0.9 or 90%) for the radio associated with such transmission scenarios. When a radio with dedicated backup information transmits with at least one other radio, the wireless device can use different backups for the radio. For example, the radio's reserve can satisfy the following equation: BT.reserve_level _AGk + NE _{totalMinRsv.AGk} <1 (4) where BT.reserve_level _AGk is the dedicated reserve for the Bluetooth radio, and NE _{totalMinRsv.AGk} is the dedicated reserve for Bluetooth radios with different RATs. Minimum sparing shared between other radios, for example, as described herein with respect to Figure 6. In some aspects, the value of BT.reserve_level _AGk when one other radio is transmitting using the Bluetooth radio may be different from the value when two or more radios are transmitting using the Bluetooth radio. It should be understood that dedicated spares may be configured for other types of radios, such as mmWave, WLAN, satellite communications, etc., and that more than one radio may have dedicated spares. Additionally, a radio with dedicated backup does not need to be a separate RAT from other radios in the antenna group. For example, dedicated spares may be assigned to radios associated with one or more bandwidths of the RAT, such as dedicated spares for mmWave NR radios or dedicated spares for sub-6GHz NR radios.

7 is a flowchart illustrating example operations 700 for wireless communications in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure. Operations 700 may be performed, for example, by a wireless device (eg, UE 120a in wireless communications network 100). Operations 700 may be implemented as software elements executing and running on one or more processors (eg, controller/processor 280 of Figure 2). Additionally, transmission and/or reception of signals by the wireless device in operation 700 may be accomplished, for example, through one or more antennas (eg, antenna 252 of FIG. 2 ). In certain aspects, transmission and/or reception of signals by a wireless device may be accomplished via a bus interface of one or more processors (eg, controller/processor 280) that acquires and/or outputs signals.

Operations 700 may optionally begin at block 702, where the wireless device may obtain backup information associated with an antenna group (eg, first antenna group 504) associated with a plurality of radios. Includes a first radio and one or more second radios. Wireless devices can obtain backup information through memory. For example, the backup information may be stored in memory (eg, memory 282 and/or memory 338), and the wireless device may access the memory to obtain the backup information. In some cases, the wireless device can determine the backup information, as described further in this article. The first radio may communicate via a first type of RAT (eg, WWAN) and the second radio(s) may communicate via a second type of RAT (eg, WLAN), the second type of RAT being different than the first type of RAT . For example, the wireless device may store the backup information in a memory device (eg, memory 282) and retrieve the backup information from the memory when deciding backup for the radio.

At block 704, the wireless device may determine backup for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the backup information and an activation state associated with each of the plurality of radios, for example, as described herein with respect to FIG. 6. In some cases, the wireless device may determine a minimum spare portion of the radio in the active state based on the split ratio associated with the radio. In some cases, such as when the radio is not in the powered-up state, the wireless device may decide that the backup for a particular radio is set to zero.

At block 706, the wireless device may transmit one or more signals using at least one of the plurality of radios at a transmission power based at least in part on an RF exposure limit associated with each of the plurality of radios. and the backup of each of the multiple radios. For example, a wireless device may determine a transmission power that satisfies an RF exposure limit, where the radio's transmission power corresponds to at least the backup of the corresponding radio. In some cases, the RF exposure limit may include a maximum time-averaged RF exposure limit, for example, as described herein with respect to Figures 4A-4C, and/or all transmissions may be assigned at or above (greater than or equal to ) spare transmission power.

The backup information may include various parameters associated with determining backup for a particular radio, for example, as described herein with respect to equations (3) and (4). Wireless devices can be configured with backup information for each antenna group. For example, a wireless device may be configured with antennas for a first set of antennas (eg, first set of antennas 504), a second set of antennas (eg, second set of antennas 508), and a third set of antennas (eg, second set of antennas 508). Specific backup information for each of the three antenna groups 508).

In some cases, the backup information may include the total backup associated with all (or a subset) of the radios in the antenna group (e.g., ). The total reserve may be the minimum reserve shared among the radios in the antenna group, for example, as described herein with respect to FIG. 6 . The spare information may include a split ratio associated with each of the radios that share the total spare, where the split ratio may be used to determine the portion of the total spare allocated to the corresponding radio in the active state.

In order to determine the backup for each of the plurality of radios, the wireless device may determine the sum of the split ratios of each of the radios in the activated state according to equation (3), for example. For example, according to the operation equation (3), the wireless device can determine the reserve of each of the radios in the activated state as the product of the total reserve and the ratio of the split ratio of the corresponding radio and the sum of the split ratios. For example, when only the radios in the antenna group are active, the wireless device may decide that the reserve for the radio is equal to the total reserve. When more than one radio in an antenna group is active, the wireless device may decide that the reserve for the radio is equal to a portion of the total reserve. A portion of the total reserve may be based on the split ratio associated with a particular radio.

In some aspects, the backup information may include backups that are specific to a particular radio, for example, as described herein with respect to equation (4). For example, backup information may include a first backup associated with a first radio (e.g., ) and a second backup associated with the second radio(s) (e.g., ). The first backup and the second backup may have one or more values associated with a specific transmission scenario. In some aspects, the first standby may have a value (eg, between 0 and 1) regardless of whether the first radio is in an active state. Each of the first and second backups may include a first value for when only one of the radios is active, a second value for when two of the radios are active, and a second value for when The third value when three or more of the radios are active. The second value of the first alternative may be different from the third value of the first alternative, and the same may apply to the second alternative. The second value and the third value can satisfy the operation formula (4).

The reserve for each of the radios in the active state may correspond to a time interval assigned to the corresponding radio within a specific duration (e.g., a transmission occasion, a time window associated with an RF exposure limit, and/or a time interval of a time window) the minimum transmission power level. Backup for a given radio can be determined by a time-averaged RF exposure algorithm over the entire duration of the operating time window in which the radio is enabled (e.g., 2 seconds, 100 seconds, or 360 seconds, depending on the transmission frequency and the corresponding time window of the RF exposure limit ) allocated within. When evaluating execution time averages (the spare in a slot rolling out of the time window can be the same as the spare in a slot rolling into the time window), this spare can be maintained continuously for the entire duration of the transfer, e.g. infinitely Maintain regularly. It can be assumed that transmissions can continue indefinitely and backup is provided indefinitely, which can be achieved by allocating backup throughout the duration of the radio-enabled time window associated with the RF exposure limit.

In some aspects, the wireless device may determine backup information periodically or in response to one or more events. For example, backup information may be determined periodically for each time window associated with time-averaged RF exposure limits. In some cases, backup information may be determined in response to detection of the occurrence of a specific event, such as when the wireless device is powered on, when the wireless device detects a change in radio conditions, when the wireless device detects that the radio is in an active state. etc. when the number changes. In some cases, backup information can be pre-configured.

In some aspects, the wireless device may determine total backup based on one or more criteria. For example, the total reserve may be based on past RF exposure associated with the radio, path loss associated with the radio, scheduling rate associated with the radio, duty cycle associated with the radio, expected transmission duration associated with the radio , the data buffer associated with the radio, or any combination thereof. For example, the high duty cycle associated with the radio may allow the wireless device to increase total reserve. As another example, a data buffer may indicate an expected transmission duration associated with the radio, and the wireless device may adjust the total reserve in response to the expected transmission duration. A data buffer with a large amount of data can represent a long transmission time, and the wireless device can increase the total reserve in response to the transmission time based on the size of the data in the buffer. The wireless device may dynamically adjust the total reserve periodically and/or in response to some event(s), such as a change associated with one or more criteria. It should be understood that alternative or additional criteria may be used to determine the total reserve allocated between radios. Each criterion may be associated with a single radio, or may be evaluated individually for several radios, and/or may be evaluated cumulatively for multiple radios.

For certain aspects, a wireless device may allocate spares among radios associated with an antenna group based on one or more criteria. For example, the wireless device may allocate spares among radios based on: P _limit associated with the radio(s), past RF exposure usage associated with the radio(s), use associated with the radio(s), path loss, data bandwidth associated with the radio(s), scheduling rate or duty cycle associated with the radio(s), network load, energy per bit associated with the radio(s) (or performance per watt), link quality (or channel quality) of each radio link, expected transmission duration associated with the radio(s), data buffers associated with the radio(s), radio conditions, or any combination thereof. For example, the wireless device may allocate greater spare to a radio that has stronger link quality or lower path loss than the other radio(s). As another example, a wireless device may allocate greater reserve to radios with longer expected transmission durations than other radio(s), where the size of the data buffer may represent the expected transmission time of a particular radio. For example, spares may be allocated based on the service or priority associated with each of the radios. In some such examples, the allocation of spares is dynamic and may change over time based on the services the wireless device is using (eg, negotiated with or allocated by the network). Allocation of spares between radios may be performed periodically and/or in response to some event(s) such as a change associated with one or more criteria. As another example, a radio associated with a high priority may be assigned more spares than another radio associated with a low priority. It should be understood that additional or alternative criteria may be used to decide on allocation of spares between radios.

Alternate allocation can be performed by adjusting the split ratio associated with the radio. For example, the split ratio may favor a radio with a more efficient link (e.g., a link with lower energy per bit, lower path loss, higher P _limit , etc.) to achieve the desired wireless performance (e.g. higher throughput or data rates). In some cases, the split ratio can favor radios with lower link efficiency (e.g., higher path loss) to equalize performance between radios.

Operation 700 may be performed per antenna group. The wireless device can be configured with per-antenna group backup information and apply corresponding backup information to a specific antenna group when the antenna group is actively transmitting. Because the antenna groups may be configured to be mutually exclusive with respect to RF exposure, operation 700 may be performed independently for each of the antenna groups. For example, operations 700 may be performed concurrently for another antenna group.

A wireless device may be configured with multiple antenna groups, and the wireless device may have different backup information configured for each of the multiple antenna groups. For example, a wireless device may have an antenna group (or set of antenna groups) configured for a specific exposure scenario (eg, head exposure), and another configured for a different exposure scenario (eg, hand and body exposure). wire group (or another antenna group). The wireless device can select an antenna group for a corresponding exposure scenario, and the wireless device can select backup information associated with the corresponding antenna group. The examples shown in Figures 1-7 in this article are

Although the examples shown in FIGS. 1-7 are described herein for ease of understanding with respect to UEs performing various methods for providing RF exposure compliance, aspects of the present disclosure may also be applied to performing the RF exposures described herein. Compliance of other wireless equipment such as wireless stations, access points, base stations and/or customer premises equipment (CPE). Furthermore, although these examples are described with respect to communications between a UE (or other wireless device) and a network entity, the UE or other wireless device may communicate with other devices other than the network entity (e.g., another UE) or Communicate with another device in the user's home (for example, the device is not a network entity).

It will be appreciated that the distribution of transmission energy between radios described herein can achieve desired wireless communications performance, such as reduced latency, increased uplink data rates, and/or uplink connectivity at the cell edge. Example communications equipment

8 illustrates a communications device 800 (eg, UE 120) that may include various elements (eg, corresponding to device plus functional components). Communication device 800 includes a processing system 802 that may be coupled to a transceiver 808 (eg, a transmitter and/or receiver). Transceiver 808 is configured to transmit and receive signals for communication device 800 via antenna 810, such as the various signals described herein. Processing system 802 may be configured to perform processing functions of communication device 800 , including processing signals received by communication device 800 and/or to be transmitted by communication device 800 .

Processing system 802 includes processor 804 coupled to computer readable media/memory 812 via bus 806 . In some aspects, the computer-readable medium/memory 812 is configured to store instructions (eg, computer executable code) that, when executed by the processor 804, cause the communications device 800 to perform the operations 700 shown in FIG. 7, or Additional operations for performing the various techniques discussed in this article to provide RF exposure compliance. In some aspects, the computer readable medium/memory 812 stores a code for acquisition 814, a code for decision 816, a code for transmission (or output) 818, or any combination thereof.

In certain aspects, processing system 802 has circuitry 820 configured to implement code stored in computer-readable media/memory 812 . In certain aspects, circuitry 820 is coupled to processor 804 and/or computer-readable media/memory 812 via bus 806 . For example, circuitry 820 includes circuitry for acquisition 822, circuitry for decision 824, circuitry for transmission (or output) 826, or any combination thereof.

In some examples, components for transmitting or transmitting (or output components for transmitting) may include transceiver 254 and/or antenna(s) 252 of UE 120 as shown in FIG. 2 , and/or as shown in FIG. 8 The transceiver 808 and antenna 810 of the communication device 800.

In some cases, for example, a device may have an interface (means for output) that outputs signals and/or data for transmission without actually transmitting the signals and/or data. For example, the processor may output signals and/or data via a bus interface to a radio frequency (RF) front end for transmission. Similarly, a device may have an interface (means for retrieving) for retrieving signals and/or data received from another device, without actually receiving the signals and/or data. For example, the processor may obtain (or receive) signals and/or data from an RF front-end for reception via a bus interface. In various aspects, the RF front-end may include various elements, including transmit and receive processors, transmit and receive MIMO processors, modulators, demodulators, and the like, such as shown in the example in FIG. 2 .

In some examples, means for acquiring and/or means for deciding may include various processing system elements, such as: processor 804 in Figure 8, or aspects of UE 120 shown in Figure 2, including receive processing processor 258, transmit processor 264, TX MIMO processor 266, and/or controller/processor 280. Example aspects

Implementation examples are described in the following numbered clauses:

Clause 1: A method of wireless communication by a wireless device, including: Obtaining backup information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type of radio access technology , and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology, the second type of radio access technology being different from the first type of radio access technology; Determining backup for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the backup information and an activation status associated with each of the plurality of radios; and One or more signals are transmitted using at least one of the plurality of radios at a transmit power based, at least in part, on radio frequency (RF) exposure limits associated with each of the plurality of radios and for the plurality of radios Determined by the backup of each radio in the radio.

Clause 2: The method of Clause 1, wherein the reserve information includes a total reserve associated with all radios in the plurality of radios in the antenna group.

Clause 3: The method according to Clause 1 or 2, wherein the backup information includes a first backup associated with the first radio and a second backup associated with one or more second radios.

Clause 4: A method according to Clause 3, wherein each of the first standby and the second standby includes: The first value used when only one of multiple radios is up, a second value used when only two of multiple radios are up, and A third value used when three or more of the multiple radios are active.

Clause 5: A method according to any one of clauses 1 to 4, wherein the spare information includes a split ratio associated with each of a plurality of radios sharing an overall spare.

Clause 6: A method according to Clause 5, wherein determining the backup for each of the plurality of radios includes: Determines the sum of the split ratios for each of the radios in the active state; and The reserve for each of the radios in the active state is determined as the product of the total reserve and the ratio of the corresponding radio's split ratio plus the sum of the split ratios.

Clause 7: Method according to any of clauses 1 to 5, wherein determining the reserve for each of the plurality of radios includes determining that the reserve of the radio is equal to the total reserve when only the radio in the antenna group is active.

Clause 8: A method according to any one of clauses 1 to 5, wherein determining the standby for each of the plurality of radios includes determining when more than one of the radios in the antenna group is active The reserve is equal to a portion of the total reserve.

Clause 9: A method according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the reserve for each radio of the plurality of radios is the minimum level of transmit power allocated to the corresponding radio within the time window associated with the RF exposure limit .

Clause 10: Method according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the RF exposure limit includes a maximum time-averaged RF exposure limit.

Clause 11: A method according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein determining the reserve for each of the plurality of radios includes further determining the reserve for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on one or more criteria.

Clause 12: Method under Clause 11, where one or more criteria include: Maximum time-averaged transmit power level associated with multiple radios, Past RF exposure associated with multiple radios, path loss associated with multiple radios, data bandwidth associated with multiple radios, the scheduling rate or duty cycle associated with multiple radios, network load, energy per bit associated with multiple radios, link quality associated with multiple radios, expected transmission duration associated with multiple radios, data buffers associated with multiple radios, or any combination thereof.

Clause 13: Method according to any of the preceding clauses, wherein the spare information is based on spare levels of services mapped to multiple radios.

Clause 14: A device for wireless communications, comprising: memory; and At least one processor coupled to the memory, the at least one processor configured to: Obtaining backup information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios, the plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type of radio access technology , and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology, the second type of radio access technology being different from the first type of radio access technology, determining backup for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the backup information and an activation status associated with each of the plurality of radios, and One or more signals are transmitted using at least one of the plurality of radios at a transmit power based, at least in part, on radio frequency (RF) exposure limits associated with each of the plurality of radios and for the plurality of radios Determined by the backup of each radio in the radio.

Clause 15: Apparatus according to clause 14, wherein the reserve information includes a total reserve associated with all radios in the plurality of radios in the antenna group.

Clause 16: Apparatus according to clause 14 or 15, wherein the backup information includes a first backup associated with the first radio and a second backup associated with one or more second radios.

Clause 17: Apparatus according to clause 16, wherein each of the first standby and the second standby includes: The first value used when only one of multiple radios is up, a second value used when only two of multiple radios are up, and A third value used when three or more of the multiple radios are active.

Clause 18: Apparatus according to any one of clauses 14 to 17, wherein the spare information includes a split ratio associated with each of a plurality of radios sharing an overall spare.

Clause 19: Apparatus according to clause 18, wherein in order to determine the backup for each of the plurality of radios, at least one processor is further configured to: determines the sum of the split ratios for each of the radios in the active state, and The reserve for each of the radios in the active state is determined as the product of the total reserve and the ratio of the corresponding radio's split ratio plus the sum of the split ratios.

Clause 20: Apparatus according to any one of clauses 14 to 19, wherein in order to determine the backup for each of the plurality of radios, the at least one processor is further configured to, when only a radio in the antenna group is active, Determine the radio's reserve equal to the total reserve.

Clause 21: Apparatus according to any one of clauses 14 to 19, wherein in order to determine the backup for each of the plurality of radios, the at least one processor is further configured to detect when more than one of the radios in the antenna group When the radio is powered on, the radio's reserve is determined to be a portion of the total reserve.

Clause 22: Apparatus according to any one of Clauses 14 to 21, wherein the reserve for each of the plurality of radios is the minimum of the transmission power allocated to the corresponding radio within the time window associated with the RF exposure limit Level.

Clause 23: Apparatus according to any one of clauses 14 to 22, wherein the RF exposure limit includes a maximum time-averaged RF exposure limit.

Clause 24: Apparatus according to any one of clauses 14 to 23, wherein in order to decide the backup for each of the plurality of radios, the at least one processor is further configured to decide further based at least in part on one or more criteria A backup for each of multiple radios.

Clause 25: Installation under clause 24, where one or more criteria include: Maximum time-averaged transmit power level associated with multiple radios, Past RF exposure associated with multiple radios, path loss associated with multiple radios, data bandwidth associated with multiple radios, the scheduling rate or duty cycle associated with multiple radios, network load, Energy per bit associated with multiple radios, link quality associated with multiple radios, expected transmission duration associated with multiple radios, data buffers associated with multiple radios, or any combination thereof.

Clause 26: Apparatus according to any one of clauses 14 to 25, wherein in order to determine the backup for each of the plurality of radios, at least one processor is configured to further based on association with each of the plurality of radios service or priority to determine backup for each of multiple radios.

Clause 27: A non-transitory computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon for: Obtaining backup information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios, the plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type of radio access technology , and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology, the second type of radio access technology being different from the first type of radio access technology; Determining backup for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the backup information and an activation status associated with each of the plurality of radios; and One or more signals are transmitted using at least one of the plurality of radios at a transmit power based, at least in part, on radio frequency (RF) exposure limits associated with each of the plurality of radios and for the plurality of radios Determined by the backup of each radio in the radio.

Clause 28: The non-transitory computer-readable medium according to Clause 27, wherein the reserve information includes a total reserve associated with all radios in the plurality of radios in the antenna group.

Clause 29: The non-transitory computer-readable medium of clause 27 or 28, wherein the backup information includes a first backup associated with the first radio and a second backup associated with one or more second radios.

Clause 30: Non-transitory computer-readable medium under Clause 29, wherein each of the first standby and the second standby includes: The first value used when only one of multiple radios is up, a second value used when only two of multiple radios are up, and A third value used when three or more of the multiple radios are active.

Clause 31: Non-transitory computer-readable medium according to any one of Clauses 27 to 30, wherein the spare information includes a split ratio associated with each of a plurality of radios that share a total spare.

Clause 32: Non-transitory computer-readable medium under Clause 31, wherein the determination of the backup for each of the plurality of radios includes: Determines the sum of the split ratios for each of the multiple radios in the active state; and The reserve for each of the plurality of radios in the active state is determined as the product of the total reserve and the ratio of the split ratio of the corresponding radio and the sum of the split ratios.

Clause 33: An apparatus, comprising: a memory including executable instructions; and one or more processors configured to execute the executable instructions and cause the apparatus to perform in accordance with any of Clauses 1 to 13 Methods.

Clause 34: An apparatus comprising means for performing a method according to any one of clauses 1 to 13.

Clause 35: A non-transitory computer-readable medium comprising executable instructions that, when executed by one or more processors of a device, cause the device to perform a method according to any of Clauses 1 to 13.

Clause 36: A computer program product embodied on a computer-readable storage medium, including code for executing a method according to any one of Clauses 1 to 13.

The techniques described in this article can be used in various wireless communication technologies, such as NR (e.g., 5G NR), 3GPP Long Term Evolution (LTE), LTE-Advanced (LTE-A), Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA), Time Division Multiple Access Fetch (TDMA), Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA), Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA), Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC FDMA), Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access (TD-SCDMA) and other networks. The terms "network" and "system" are often used interchangeably. CDMA networks can implement radio technologies such as Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (UTRA) and cdma2000. UTRA includes Wideband CDMA (WCDMA) and other variants of CDMA. cdma2000 covers IS-2000, IS-95 and IS-856 standards. TDMA networks enable radio technologies such as Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM). OFDMA networks can implement protocols such as NR (e.g., 5G RA), Evolved UTRA (E-UTRA), Ultra Mobile Broadband (UMB), IEEE 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20, Flash-OFDMA and other radio technologies. UTRA and E-UTRA are part of the Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS). LTE and LTE-A are versions of UMTS using E UTRA. UTRA, E-UTRA, UMTS, LTE, LTE-A and GSM are described in documents from an organization called the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). cdma2000 and UMB are described in documents from an organization called "3rd Generation Partnership Project 2" (3GPP2). NR is an emerging wireless communication technology under development.

In 3GPP, the term "cell" may refer to the coverage area of a Node B (NB) and/or the NB subsystem serving that coverage area, depending on the context in which the term is used. In NR systems, the term "cell" is used interchangeably with BS, Next Generation NodeB (gNB or gNodeB), Access Point (AP), Distributed Unit (DU), Carrier or Transmission Reception Point (TRP). The BS may provide communication coverage for macro cells, pico cells, femto cells, and/or other types of cells. Macro cells can cover a relatively large geographical area (eg, a radius of several kilometers) and can allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A pico cell can cover a relatively small geographical area and can allow unrestricted access by UEs with service subscriptions. A femtocell may cover a relatively small geographic area (eg, a home) and may allow for UEs with UEs associated with the femtocell (eg, UEs in a Closed Subscriber Group (CSG), UEs of users in a home, etc.) Restricted access. The BS used for the macro cell may be called a macro BS. The BS for the pico cell may be called a pico BS. A BS for a femto cell may be called a femto BS or a home BS.

UE may also be called a mobile station, terminal, access terminal, subscriber unit, station, customer premises equipment (CPE), cellular phone, smart phone, personal digital assistant (PDA), wireless modem, wireless device, handheld Equipment, laptops, wireless phones, wireless local loop (WLL) stations, tablets, cameras, gaming devices, netbooks, smartbooks, ultrabooks, appliances, medical devices or equipment, biometric sensors/devices , wearable devices (such as smart watches, smart clothing, smart glasses, smart bracelets, smart jewelry (such as smart rings, smart bracelets, etc.)), entertainment devices (such as music devices, video devices, satellite radios, etc.), Vehicle-mounted components or sensors, smart meters/sensors, industrial manufacturing equipment, GPS equipment, or any other suitable device configured to communicate via wireless or wired media. Some UEs may be considered machine type communications (MTC) devices or evolved MTC (eMTC) devices. MTC and eMTC UEs include, for example, robots, drones, remote devices, sensors, meters, monitors, location tags, etc. that can communicate with the BS, another device (eg, a remote device), or some other entity. For example, wireless nodes may provide connectivity to a network (eg, a wide area network such as the Internet or a cellular network) via wired or wireless communication links. Some UEs can be considered Internet of Things (IoT) devices, and they can be narrowband IoT (NB-IoT) devices.

In some examples, access to the air interface can be scheduled. A scheduling entity (eg, a BS) allocates resources for communications between some or all devices and equipment within its service area or cell. A scheduling entity may be responsible for scheduling, allocating, reconfiguring, and releasing resources for one or more subordinate entities. That is, for scheduled communication, the subordinate entity utilizes the resources allocated by the scheduling entity. Base stations are not the only entities that can be used as scheduling entities. In some examples, a UE may function as a scheduling entity and may schedule resources for one or more subordinate entities (eg, one or more other UEs), and other UEs may utilize resources scheduled by the UE for wireless communications . In some examples, a UE may function as a scheduling entity in peer-to-peer (P2P) networks and/or mesh networks. In the mesh network example, in addition to communicating with the scheduling entity, UEs can also communicate directly with each other.

The methods disclosed herein include one or more steps or actions for implementing the methods. The method steps and/or actions may be interchanged with each other without departing from the scope of the claimed patent. In other words, unless a specific order of steps or actions is specified, the order and/or use of specific steps and/or actions may be modified without departing from the scope of the claims.

As used herein, phrases referring to "at least one" of a list of projects refers to any combination of these projects, including individual members. For example, "at least one of a, b, or c" is intended to encompass a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, and abc, as well as any combination with multiples of the same element (e.g., aa, aaa, aab, aac, abb, acc, bb, bbb, bbc, cc and ccc, or any other order of a, b and c).

As used herein, the term "decision" includes a variety of actions. For example, "deciding" may include calculating, computing, processing, exporting, generating, investigating, looking up (eg, looking up in a table, database, or another data structure), validating, etc. In addition, "deciding" may include receiving (eg, receiving information), accessing (eg, accessing data in memory), etc. Additionally, "deciding" may include parsing, selecting, selecting, establishing, etc.

The previous description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to practice the various aspects described herein. Various modifications to these aspects will be apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects. Accordingly, the claimed scope is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein but is to be accorded the full scope consistent with the language of the claimed scope, wherein reference to an element in the singular is not intended to mean "one and only "one" means "one or more". Unless specifically stated otherwise, the term "some" refers to one or more. All structural and functional equivalents to the elements of the various aspects described in this disclosure that are known or later become known to those of ordinary skill in the art are expressly incorporated by reference herein and are intended to be covered by the claims. Furthermore, nothing disclosed herein is intended for exclusive use by the public, regardless of whether such disclosure is expressly cited in the claims. No element of a patentable claim may be construed under Section 35, Section 112(f) of the U.S. Patent Act unless the element uses the phrase "means for" or is used in a method claim. The phrase "step for" is used to explain the situation.

Various operations of the above methods can be performed by any suitable components capable of performing corresponding functions. The components may include various hardware and/or software components and/or modules, including but not limited to circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or processors. In general, where there are operations illustrated in a figure, these operations may have corresponding corresponding means plus functional elements with similar numbering.

The various illustrative logic blocks, modules, and circuits described in connection with the present disclosure may be implemented using general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), or general-purpose processors designed to perform the functions described herein. Field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device (PLD), discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof. A general purpose processor may be a microprocessor, but in the alternative the processor may be any commercially available processor, controller, microcontroller or state machine. A processor may also be implemented as a combination of computing devices, such as a combination of a DSP and a microprocessor, a plurality of microprocessors, one or more microprocessors combined with a DSP core, or any other such configuration.

If implemented in hardware, example hardware configuration may include a processing system in the wireless node. The processing system can be implemented using a bus architecture. The busbar may include any number of interconnecting busbars and bridges, depending on the specific application and overall design constraints of the processing system. Buses connect various circuits together, including processors, machine-readable media, and bus interfaces. The bus interface can be used to connect network interface cards, etc., to the processing system via the bus. Network interface cards can be used to implement signal processing functions at the physical (PHY) layer. In the case of UE (see Figure 1), the user interface (eg, keyboard, monitor, mouse, joystick, etc.) can also be connected to the bus. The busbars may also connect various other circuits that are well known in the art and therefore will not be described further, such as timing sources, peripherals, voltage regulators, power management circuits, etc. A processor may be implemented with one or more general purpose and/or special purpose processors. Examples include microprocessors, microcontrollers, DSP processors, and other circuitry that can execute software. Those skilled in the art will recognize how to best implement the described functionality for a processing system depending on the particular application and the overall design constraints imposed on the overall system.

If implemented in software, the functions may be stored or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable medium. Software shall be construed broadly as instructions, data, or any combination thereof, whether referred to as software, firmware, middleware, microcode, hardware description language, or otherwise. Computer-readable media includes computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. The processor may be responsible for bus management and general processing, including execution of software modules stored on machine-readable storage media. A computer-readable storage medium can be coupled to the processor so that the processor can read information from and write information to the storage medium. Alternatively, the storage medium may be integral with the processor. For example, the machine-readable medium may include a transmission line, a carrier wave modulated by data, and/or a computer-readable storage medium separate from the wireless node having instructions stored thereon, all of which may be stored by a processor through a bus interface. Pick. Alternatively or additionally, the machine-readable medium, or any portion thereof, may be integrated into the processor, such as may have cache memory and/or general purpose register files. Examples of machine-readable storage media may include, for example, RAM (random access memory), flash memory, ROM (read only memory), PROM (programmable read only memory), EPROM (erasable programmable memory) (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory), scratchpad, magnetic disk, optical disk, hard drive or any other suitable storage medium, or any combination thereof. Machine-readable media can be implemented in a computer program product.

A software module may include a single instruction or multiple instructions, and may be distributed over several different pieces of code, between different programs, and across multiple storage media. The computer-readable medium can include multiple software modules. Software modules include instructions that, when executed by a device, such as a processor, cause a processing system to perform various functions. Software modules may include transmission modules and receiving modules. Each software module can reside on a single storage device or be distributed across multiple storage devices. For example, when a trigger event occurs, a software module can be loaded from the hard drive into RAM. During the execution of the software module, the processor can load some instructions into the cache memory to improve access speed. One or more cache lines can then be loaded into the general purpose register file for execution by the processor. When the functions of a software module are mentioned below, it should be understood that such functions are implemented by the processor when executing instructions from the software module.

Also, any connection is properly termed a computer-readable medium. For example, if the Software is transmitted from a website, server, or other remote source using coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless technology (such as infrared (IR), radio, and microwave), Then coaxial cable, fiber optic cable, twisted pair, DSL or wireless technologies (such as infrared, radio and microwave) are included in the definition of media. As used herein, disks and optical discs include compact disks (CDs), laser discs, optical discs, digital versatile discs (DVDs), floppy disks, and Blu-ray® discs, where disks typically reproduce data magnetically. , while optical discs use lasers to reproduce data optically. Thus, in some aspects, computer-readable media may include non-transitory computer-readable media (e.g., tangible media). Additionally, for other aspects, computer-readable media may include transient computer-readable media (eg, signals). Combinations of the above should also be included within the scope of computer-readable media.

Accordingly, certain aspects may include computer program products for performing the operations presented herein. For example, such a computer program product may include a computer-readable medium having stored thereon instructions (and/or code) executable by one or more processors to perform the operations described herein, e.g., for performing Instructions for the operations described herein and illustrated in Figure 7.

Furthermore, it should be understood that modules and/or other suitable means for performing the methods and techniques described herein may be downloaded and/or otherwise obtained by user terminals and/or base stations, where applicable. For example, such a device may be coupled to a server to facilitate the transfer of means for performing the methods described herein. Alternatively, the various methods described herein may be provided via a storage device (eg, RAM, ROM, or physical storage media such as a compact disc (CD) or floppy disk, etc.) such that the user terminal and/or base station can Various methods are obtained after coupling or providing the storage device to the device. Additionally, any other suitable technology for providing the methods and techniques described herein to a device may be utilized.

It is to be understood that the patentable scope is not limited to the precise arrangements and elements described. Various modifications, changes and variations may be made in the arrangement, operation and details of the methods and apparatus described above without departing from the scope of the claims.

100:Wireless communication network 102a: Macro cell 102b: Macro cell 102c: Macro cell 102x: pico cell 102y: femtocell 102z: femtocell 110a: Acer Base Station (BS) 110b: Macro BS 110c: Macro BS 110r:Relay station 110x:Piwei BS 110y: femto BS 110z: femto BS 120: User Equipment (UE) 120a:UE 120r:UE 120x:UE 120y:UE 122:UE 130:Network controller 132:Core network 212: Source 220:Transport processor 230: Transmit (TX) Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) Processor 232a: transceiver 232t: Transceiver 234a:Antenna 234t:antenna 236:MIMO detector 238:Receive processor 239:Data slot 240:Controller/Processor 242:Memory 244: Scheduler 252a:Antenna 252r:antenna 254a: transceiver 254r: transceiver 256:MIMO detector 258:Receive processor 260:Data slot 262: Source 264:Transport processor 266:TX MIMO processor 280:Controller/Processor 281: RF Exposure Manager 282:Memory 300: RF transceiver circuit 302:Transmission path 304:Receive path 306:Antenna 308:Interface 310:Digital-to-analog converter (DAC) 312: Fundamental frequency filter (BBF) 314:Mixer 316: Drive amplifier (DA) 318: Power amplifier (PA) 320:TX frequency synthesizer 322:Amplifier 324: Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) 326:Mixer 328: Fundamental frequency filter (BBF) 330: Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) 332:RX frequency synthesizer 334:Amplifier 336:Controller 338:Memory 400a: Curve graph 400b: Curve graph 400c: Curve graph 500:Equipment 502a: Antenna 502b: Antenna 502c: Antenna 502d: Antenna 502e:Antenna 502f: Antenna 502g:antenna 504:Antenna group 506:Antenna group 508:Antenna group 600: spare table 700: Operation 702:Block 704:Block 706:Block 800: Communication equipment 802:Processing system 804: Processor 806:Bus 808:Transceiver 810:Antenna 812: Computer readable media/memory 814: Code used to obtain 816: code used for decision 818: Code used for transmission (or output) 820:Circuit system 822:Circuit system for acquisition 824:Circuit system for decision making 826: Circuit system for transmission (or output)

In order that the manner in which the above-described features of the present disclosure may be understood in detail, a more specific description of what has been briefly summarized above may be made by reference to various aspects, some of which are illustrated in the drawings. It is to be noted, however, that the drawings illustrate only certain typical aspects of this disclosure and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope, for the description may admit to other equally valid aspects.

1 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example wireless communications network in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure;

2 is a block diagram conceptually illustrating an example base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) design in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure;

3 is a block diagram of an example radio frequency (RF) transceiver in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure;

4A, 4B, and 4C are graphs illustrating examples of transmission power over time according to time-averaged RF exposure limits in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure;

Figure 5 is a block diagram illustrating an example grouping of multiple antennas of a wireless communications device;

Figure 6 is a table showing example alternatives for multiple radios of antenna groups for different transmission scenarios;

7 is a flowchart illustrating example operations for wireless communications by a wireless device in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure; and

8 illustrates a communications device (eg, a UE) that may include various elements configured to perform operations for the techniques disclosed herein, in accordance with certain aspects of the present disclosure.

To facilitate understanding, the same schema notation is used where possible to represent the same elements common to the schemas. It is contemplated that elements disclosed in one aspect may be used beneficially in other aspects without specific recitation.

700: Operation

702:Block

704:Block

706:Block

Claims (30)

A method for wireless communication by wireless devices, including: Obtaining backup information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios, the plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type radio access technology, and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology that is different from the first type of radio access technology. take technology; determining backup for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the backup information and an activation status associated with each of the plurality of radios; and One or more signals are transmitted using at least one of the plurality of radios at a transmission power based at least in part on radio frequency (RF) exposure limits associated with each of the plurality of radios. values, and the backup for each of the plurality of radios. The method of claim 1, wherein the spare information includes a total spare associated with all radios in the plurality of radios in the antenna group. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup information includes a first backup associated with the first radio and a second backup associated with the one or more second radios. The method of claim 3, wherein each of the first backup and the second backup includes: a first value for when only one of said plurality of radios is in said enabled state, a second value for when only two of said plurality of radios are in said enabled state, and A third value for when three or more of the plurality of radios are in the enabled state. The method of claim 1, wherein the spare information includes a split ratio associated with each of the plurality of radios that share a total spare. The method of claim 5, wherein determining the backup for each of the plurality of radios includes: determining a sum of split ratios for each of the radios in the enabled state; and The reserve for each of the radios in the active state is determined as the total reserve multiplied by the split ratio for the corresponding radio and the sum of the split ratios ratio. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the backup for each radio in the plurality of radios includes: determining the backup for a radio when only the radio in the antenna group is in the activated state. The reserve is equal to the total reserve. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the backup for each of a plurality of radios includes: when more than one of the radios in the antenna group is in the activated state , it is decided that said reserve for the radio is equal to a portion of the total reserve. The method of claim 1, wherein the reserve for each of the plurality of radios is the minimum transmission power allocated to the corresponding radio within a time window associated with the RF exposure limit Level. The method of claim 1, wherein the RF exposure limit includes a maximum time average RF exposure limit. The method of claim 1, wherein determining the backup for each of the plurality of radios includes further determining, at least in part, based on one or more criteria for each of the plurality of radios of said spare. The method of claim 11, wherein the one or more criteria include: the maximum time-averaged transmit power level associated with the plurality of radios, past RF exposure associated with said multiple radios, the path loss associated with the plurality of radios, the data bandwidth associated with the plurality of radios, a scheduling rate or duty cycle associated with the plurality of radios, network load, the energy per bit associated with the plurality of radios, link quality associated with the plurality of radios, the expected transmission duration associated with the plurality of radios, data buffers associated with the plurality of radios, or any combination thereof. The method of claim 1, wherein the backup information is based on backup levels for services mapped to the plurality of radios. A device for wireless communications, including: memory; and At least one processor coupled to the memory, the at least one processor configured to: Obtaining backup information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios, the plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type radio access technology, and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology that is different from the first type of radio access technology. Take technology, determining backup for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the backup information and an activation status associated with each of the plurality of radios, and One or more signals are transmitted using at least one of the plurality of radios at a transmission power based at least in part on radio frequency (RF) exposure limits associated with each of the plurality of radios. values, and the backup for each of the plurality of radios. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the spare information includes a total spare associated with all of the radios in the antenna group. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the backup information includes a first backup associated with the first radio and a second backup associated with the one or more second radios. The apparatus of claim 16, wherein each of the first backup and the second backup includes: a first value for when only one of said plurality of radios is in said enabled state, a second value for when only two of said plurality of radios are in said enabled state, and A third value for when three or more of the plurality of radios are in the enabled state. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the spare information includes a split ratio associated with each of the plurality of radios that share a total spare. The apparatus of claim 18, wherein in order to determine the backup for each of the plurality of radios, the at least one processor is further configured to: determining a sum of split ratios for each of the radios in the enabled state, and The reserve for each of the radios in the active state is determined as the total reserve multiplied by the split ratio for the corresponding radio and the sum of the split ratios ratio. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein in order to determine the backup for each of the plurality of radios, the at least one processor is further configured to operate when only the radio in the antenna group is in the In the above start-up state, it is decided that the reserve for the radio is equal to the total reserve. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein in order to determine the backup for each of the plurality of radios, the at least one processor is further configured to When more than one radio is in the active state, the reserve for a radio is determined to be a fraction of the total reserve. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the reserve for each of the plurality of radios is a minimum of transmit power allocated to the corresponding radio within a time window associated with the RF exposure limit Level. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein the RF exposure limit includes a maximum time-averaged RF exposure limit. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein in order to determine the backup for each of the plurality of radios, the at least one processor is further configured to: The backup for each of the plurality of radios is further determined based at least in part on one or more criteria. The apparatus of claim 24, wherein the one or more criteria include: the maximum time-averaged transmit power level associated with the plurality of radios, past RF exposure associated with said multiple radios, the path loss associated with the plurality of radios, the data bandwidth associated with the plurality of radios, a scheduling rate or duty cycle associated with the plurality of radios, network load, the energy per bit associated with the plurality of radios, link quality associated with the plurality of radios, the expected transmission duration associated with the plurality of radios, data buffers associated with the plurality of radios, or any combination thereof. The apparatus of claim 14, wherein in order to determine the backup for each of the plurality of radios, the at least one processor is configured to further based on information associated with each of the plurality of radios. The backup for each of the plurality of radios is determined based on the associated service or priority. A computer-readable medium having instructions stored thereon for: Obtaining backup information associated with an antenna group associated with a plurality of radios, the plurality of radios including a first radio and one or more second radios, wherein the first radio communicates via a first type radio access technology, and wherein the one or more second radios communicate via a second type of radio access technology that is different from the first type of radio access technology. take technology; determining backup for each of the plurality of radios based at least in part on the backup information and an activation status associated with each of the plurality of radios; and One or more signals are transmitted using at least one of the plurality of radios at a transmission power based at least in part on radio frequency (RF) exposure limits associated with each of the plurality of radios. values, and the backup for each of the plurality of radios. The computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the backup information includes a total backup associated with all radios in the plurality of radios in the antenna group. The computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the backup information includes a first backup associated with the first radio and a second backup associated with the one or more second radios, and wherein Each of the first backup and the second backup includes: a first value for when only one of said plurality of radios is in said enabled state, a second value for when only two of said plurality of radios are in said enabled state, and A third value for when three or more of the plurality of radios are in the enabled state. The computer-readable medium of claim 27, wherein the backup information includes a split ratio associated with each of the plurality of radios that share a total backup, and wherein the decision is made for each of the plurality of radios. Said backup for each radio includes: determining a sum of split ratios for each of the plurality of radios in the enabled state; and The reserve for each of the plurality of radios in the enabled state is determined as the total reserve multiplied by the split ratio for the corresponding radio and the split ratio of and ratio.

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