圖1，係表示本實施方式之火焰偵測系統1之構成之一例之圖。火焰偵測系統1，係當於監視區域發生火災，則偵測火焰，並往火源放水。火焰偵測系統1，係具備火災偵測器10、火災收訊機15、中央控制盤20、現地控制盤25、放水裝置30。對於火災收訊機15，經由訊號線連接有火災偵測器10。火災收訊機15與中央控制盤20，係經由訊號線連接。中央控制盤20與放水裝置30，係經由訊號線進行迴圈連接。同樣地，現地控制盤25與放水裝置30，係經由訊號線進行迴圈連接。又，於圖1中，雖表示火災偵測器10、火災收訊機15、現地控制盤25及放水裝置30分別有一個，然而分別設有複數個該等裝置亦可。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of the flame detection system 1 according to this embodiment. Flame detection system 1, when a fire occurs in the monitored area, detects the flame and releases water to the fire source. The flame detection system 1 is equipped with a fire detector 10, a fire receiver 15, a central control panel 20, a local control panel 25, and a water discharge device 30. The fire detector 10 is connected to the fire receiver 15 via a signal line. The fire receiver 15 and the central control panel 20 are connected via signal lines. The central control panel 20 and the water discharge device 30 are connected in a loop through signal lines. Similarly, the local control panel 25 and the water discharge device 30 are connected in a loop through signal lines. In addition, in FIG. 1 , although it is shown that there is one fire detector 10 , fire receiver 15 , local control panel 25 and water discharge device 30 , a plurality of these devices may be provided respectively.
火災偵測器10，係偵測於監視區域發生之火災。作為火災偵測器10之例，係可舉出偵測煙之煙感測器。火災偵測器10，當偵測到火災，係將火災訊號傳送至火災收訊機15。火災收訊機15，當自火災偵測器10接收到火災訊號，係將火災移報訊號傳送至中央控制盤20。又，在對於火災收訊機15連接有發訊機之情形，係隨著發訊機之按鈕被按下，使火災移報訊號自火災收訊機15傳送至中央控制盤20亦可。中央控制盤20，係控制火焰偵測系統1所包含之各裝置。中央控制盤20，係當自火災收訊機15接收到火災移報訊號，則啟動放水裝置30以搜索火源。並且，中央控制盤20，係命令現地控制盤25自最接近火源之放水噴嘴34進行放水。放水裝置30，係遵照來自中央控制盤20之控制，搜索火源以確定火源位置，並使放水噴嘴34朝向火源位置之方向。現地控制盤25，係遵照來自中央控制盤20之命令，自符合條件之放水噴嘴34往火源位置進行放水。The fire detector 10 detects fires occurring in the surveillance area. An example of the fire detector 10 is a smoke sensor that detects smoke. The fire detector 10, when detecting a fire, transmits the fire signal to the fire receiver 15. The fire receiver 15, when receiving the fire signal from the fire detector 10, transmits the fire transfer signal to the central control panel 20. Furthermore, when a transmitter is connected to the fire receiver 15, the fire transfer signal may be transmitted from the fire receiver 15 to the central control panel 20 as the button of the transmitter is pressed. The central control panel 20 controls each device included in the flame detection system 1 . When the central control panel 20 receives the fire alarm signal from the fire receiver 15, it starts the water discharge device 30 to search for the fire source. Furthermore, the central control panel 20 instructs the local control panel 25 to discharge water from the water discharge nozzle 34 closest to the fire source. The water discharge device 30 follows the control from the central control panel 20, searches for the fire source to determine the fire source location, and directs the water discharge nozzle 34 toward the direction of the fire source location. The local control panel 25 follows the command from the central control panel 20 to discharge water from the qualified water discharge nozzle 34 to the fire source location.
圖2，係表示放水裝置30之構成之一例之圖。放水裝置30，係具備控制部31、通訊部32、火源搜索部33、放水噴嘴34、迴旋驅動部35、俯仰驅動部36。放水裝置30之各部分，係藉由匯流排連接。FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of the structure of the water discharge device 30. The water discharge device 30 includes a control unit 31, a communication unit 32, a fire source search unit 33, a water discharge nozzle 34, a swing drive unit 35, and a tilt drive unit 36. Each part of the water discharge device 30 is connected by a busbar.
控制部31，係控制放水裝置30之各部分。控制部31，係以記憶體及處理器構成。記憶體，係例如包含RAM及EEPROM，並記憶有用以實現放水裝置30之功能之程式。處理器，係例如包含一個或複數個CPU，並執行記憶於記憶體之程式。通訊部32，係與中央控制盤20及現地控制盤25進行各種訊號之收發。The control part 31 controls each part of the water discharge device 30. The control unit 31 is composed of a memory and a processor. The memory includes, for example, RAM and EEPROM, and stores a program for realizing the function of the water discharge device 30 . A processor, for example, includes one or more CPUs and executes programs stored in memory. The communication unit 32 is responsible for sending and receiving various signals with the central control panel 20 and the local control panel 25 .
火源搜索部33，係往迴旋方向及俯仰方向轉動，進行用以搜索火源以確定火源位置之動作。所謂迴旋方向，係指使作為放水裝置30之動作之對象之範圍，沿著平行於監視區域之底面之一個方向移動之方向。迴旋方向亦稱為左右方向，且係大致水平方向。另一方面，所謂俯仰方向，係指使作為放水裝置30之動作之對象之範圍，沿著平行於監視區域之底面之其他方向且係正交於該一個方向之其他方向移動之方向。俯仰方向亦稱為上下方向，且係大致垂直方向。所謂迴旋方向及俯仰方向，係彼此正交。火源搜索部33，係具有熱源搜索部331、火焰偵測部332。The fire source search part 33 rotates in the rotation direction and the pitch direction to search for the fire source and determine the position of the fire source. The rotation direction refers to a direction in which the range targeted by the operation of the water discharge device 30 moves in a direction parallel to the bottom surface of the monitoring area. The direction of rotation is also called the left-right direction and is generally horizontal. On the other hand, the pitch direction refers to a direction in which the range that is the target of the operation of the water discharge device 30 moves in another direction parallel to the bottom surface of the monitoring area and orthogonal to this one direction. The pitch direction is also called the up-down direction, and is approximately vertical. The so-called rotation direction and pitch direction are orthogonal to each other. The fire source search part 33 has a heat source search part 331 and a flame detection part 332.
熱源搜索部331，係一邊往迴旋方向及俯仰方向轉動，一邊搜索熱源。熱源搜索部331，係例如包含紅外線攝影機。於藉由紅外線攝影機所攝影之監視區域之紅外線圖像中高溫之部分，係辨識為熱源位置。The heat source search part 331 searches for heat sources while rotating in the rotation direction and the pitch direction. The heat source search unit 331 includes, for example, an infrared camera. The high-temperature portion of the infrared image of the surveillance area captured by the infrared camera is identified as the location of the heat source.
火焰偵測部332，係自藉由熱源搜索部331所辨識之熱源位置偵測出火焰。火焰偵測部332，係例如包含光感測元件303，使用光感測元件303感測自火焰發出之光，藉此偵測出火焰。The flame detection unit 332 detects a flame from the heat source position identified by the heat source search unit 331 . The flame detection part 332 includes, for example, a light sensing element 303. The light sensing element 303 is used to sense the light emitted from the flame, thereby detecting the flame.
放水噴嘴34，係當藉由火源搜索部33確定火源位置，則會往迴旋方向轉動而朝向火源位置之方向。接著，放水噴嘴34，係遵照現地控制盤25之控制朝向火源位置放水。When the fire source position is determined by the fire source search part 33, the water discharge nozzle 34 will rotate in the rotation direction toward the direction of the fire source position. Then, the water discharge nozzle 34 discharges water toward the fire source position according to the control of the local control panel 25.
迴旋驅動部35，係使火源搜索部33及放水噴嘴34以軸為中心往迴旋方向旋轉。迴旋驅動部35，係例如包含馬達、馬達驅動器、編碼器。馬達係使火源搜索部33及放水噴嘴34往迴旋方向旋轉。作為一例，火源搜索部33與放水噴嘴34係受到連結，成為一體往迴旋方向轉動。馬達驅動器，係控制馬達。編碼器，係檢測迴旋角度。The swing driving part 35 rotates the fire source search part 33 and the water discharge nozzle 34 in the swing direction about the axis. The rotation drive unit 35 includes, for example, a motor, a motor driver, and an encoder. The motor rotates the fire source search part 33 and the water discharge nozzle 34 in the rotation direction. As an example, the fire source search part 33 and the water discharge nozzle 34 are connected and rotate integrally in the rotation direction. Motor driver is used to control the motor. Encoder is used to detect the rotation angle.
俯仰驅動部36，係使火源搜索部33以軸為中心往俯仰方向旋轉。俯仰驅動部36，係例如包含馬達、馬達驅動器、編碼器。馬達係使火源搜索部33往俯仰方向旋轉。馬達驅動器，係控制馬達。編碼器，係檢測俯仰角度。迴旋驅動部35及俯仰驅動部36，係變更火焰偵測部332之迴旋方向及俯仰方向之姿勢之姿勢變更機構之一例。The pitch drive unit 36 rotates the fire source search unit 33 in the pitch direction about the axis. The pitch drive unit 36 includes, for example, a motor, a motor driver, and an encoder. The motor rotates the fire source search part 33 in the pitch direction. Motor driver is used to control the motor. Encoder is used to detect pitch angle. The rotation driving part 35 and the pitch driving part 36 are an example of a position changing mechanism that changes the position of the flame detection part 332 in the swing direction and the pitch direction.
控制部31，係發揮作為判定手段311之功能。該功能，係使處理器執行記憶於記憶體之程式，以使處理器進行運算或控制放水裝置30之各部分而藉此實現。The control unit 31 functions as the determination means 311. This function is achieved by causing the processor to execute a program stored in the memory, so that the processor performs calculations or controls various parts of the water discharging device 30 .
判定手段311，係使用熱源搜索部331辨識出熱源位置。於熱源搜索部331包含紅外線攝影機之情形，判定手段311，係解析藉由紅外線攝影機所攝影之紅外線圖像以辨識出熱源位置。於辨識出熱源位置之情形，判定手段311，係根據火焰偵測部332所獲得之光之感測之結果，判定火焰之有無。於藉由火焰偵測部332感測到自火焰發出之光而偵測到火焰之情形，判定手段311係判定有火焰。另一方面，於未藉由火焰偵測部332感測到自火焰發出之光而未偵測到火焰之情形，判定手段311係判定無火焰。The determination means 311 uses the heat source search unit 331 to identify the heat source position. When the heat source search part 331 includes an infrared camera, the determination means 311 analyzes the infrared image captured by the infrared camera to identify the position of the heat source. When the position of the heat source is identified, the determination means 311 determines the presence or absence of a flame based on the light sensing result obtained by the flame detection unit 332 . When the flame detection unit 332 senses the light emitted from the flame and detects the flame, the determination means 311 determines that there is a flame. On the other hand, when the flame detection unit 332 does not sense the light emitted from the flame and no flame is detected, the determination means 311 determines that there is no flame.
通訊部32，係將對應於判定手段311之判定結果之資訊傳送至中央控制盤20。例如，於藉由判定手段311判定有火焰之情形，通訊部32係將火源之位置資訊傳送至中央控制盤20。The communication unit 32 transmits information corresponding to the determination result of the determination means 311 to the central control panel 20 . For example, when the determination means 311 determines that there is a flame, the communication unit 32 transmits the location information of the fire source to the central control panel 20 .
圖3，係表示火源搜索部33之動作之一例之圖。中央控制盤20，係當自火災收訊機15接收到火災移報訊號，則對於放水裝置30傳送啟動訊號。當自中央控制盤20接收到啟動訊號，則控制部31使用火源搜索部33開始搜索火源(開始掃描)。FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an example of the operation of the fire source search unit 33. When the central control panel 20 receives the fire alarm signal from the fire receiver 15, it sends a start signal to the water discharge device 30. When receiving the start signal from the central control panel 20, the control unit 31 uses the fire source search unit 33 to start searching for the fire source (start scanning).
當開始搜索火源，首先，控制部31係藉由迴旋驅動部35使火源搜索部33往迴旋方向旋轉，並使用熱源搜索部331辨識出大致之熱源位置(預掃描)。具體而言，迴旋驅動部35，係遵照控制部31之控制，使火源搜索部33往迴旋方向逐步以預定角度旋轉。此時，火源搜索部33之俯仰角度，係固定於能夠攝影監視區域之底面整體之角度。熱源搜索部331，係往迴旋方向轉動，遵照控制部31之控制於每個預定角度攝影監視區域之紅外線圖像。判定手段311，係解析藉由熱源搜索部331攝影之紅外線圖像，將紅外線圖像中高溫之部分辨識作為大致之熱源位置。例如，熱源搜索部331，係遵照控制部31之控制，首先攝影圖3所示之監視區域之範圍R1之紅外線圖像。接著，迴旋驅動部35，係遵照控制部31之控制，使火源搜索部33往迴旋方向僅旋轉預定角度。熱源搜索部331，係遵照控制部31之控制，攝影監視區域之範圍R2之紅外線圖像。接著，迴旋驅動部35，係遵照控制部31之控制，使火源搜索部33往迴旋方向僅旋轉預定角度。熱源搜索部331，係遵照控制部31之控制，攝影監視區域之範圍R3之紅外線圖像。判定手段311，係解析藉由熱源搜索部331攝影之監視區域之範圍R1～R3之紅外線圖像。於圖3所示之例中，於範圍R2包含有火源，故於範圍R2之紅外線圖像包含有高溫之部分。因此，判定手段311，係將範圍R2之紅外線圖像中高溫之部分辨識作為大致之熱源位置。When starting to search for the fire source, the control unit 31 first rotates the fire source search unit 33 in the rotation direction through the rotation drive unit 35, and uses the heat source search unit 331 to identify the approximate heat source position (pre-scan). Specifically, the rotation driving part 35 follows the control of the control part 31 to gradually rotate the fire source search part 33 in the rotation direction at a predetermined angle. At this time, the pitch angle of the fire source search unit 33 is fixed at an angle at which the entire bottom surface of the surveillance area can be photographed. The heat source search part 331 rotates in the rotation direction and takes infrared images of the surveillance area at each predetermined angle according to the control of the control part 31 . The determination means 311 analyzes the infrared image photographed by the heat source search unit 331 and identifies the high-temperature portion in the infrared image as the approximate heat source position. For example, the heat source search unit 331 follows the control of the control unit 31 and first captures an infrared image of the range R1 of the monitoring area shown in FIG. 3 . Next, the swing driving unit 35 follows the control of the control unit 31 to rotate the fire source search unit 33 by a predetermined angle in the swing direction. The heat source search unit 331 follows the control of the control unit 31 and captures an infrared image of the range R2 of the monitoring area. Next, the swing driving unit 35 follows the control of the control unit 31 to rotate the fire source search unit 33 by a predetermined angle in the swing direction. The heat source search unit 331 follows the control of the control unit 31 and captures an infrared image of the range R3 of the monitoring area. The determination means 311 analyzes the infrared image of the range R1 to R3 of the monitoring area photographed by the heat source search unit 331. In the example shown in Figure 3, the range R2 includes a fire source, so the infrared image in the range R2 includes a high-temperature part. Therefore, the determination means 311 identifies the high-temperature portion of the infrared image in the range R2 as the approximate heat source location.
當預掃描結束，控制部31係藉由俯仰驅動部36使火源搜索部33往俯仰方向旋轉，並使用熱源搜索部331辨識出俯仰方向之熱源位置(俯仰角度詳細掃描)。具體而言，俯仰驅動部36，係遵照控制部31之控制，在火源搜索部33朝向熱源位置之附近之俯仰角度之範圍，使火源搜索部33往俯仰方向逐步以預定角度旋轉。該預定角度，係比於預掃描使用之預定角度更小。此時，火源搜索部33之迴旋角度，係遵照控制部31之控制，固定於朝向熱源位置周邊之方向之角度。熱源搜索部331，係往俯仰方向轉動，遵照控制部31之控制於每個預定角度攝影紅外線圖像。判定手段311，係解析藉由熱源搜索部331攝影之紅外線圖像，根據該紅外線圖像之解析結果辨識出俯仰方向之熱源位置。藉由該俯仰角度詳細掃描辨識出之俯仰方向之熱源位置，係精度比藉由前述之預掃描所辨識出之熱源位置更高。When the pre-scan is completed, the control unit 31 uses the pitch driving unit 36 to rotate the fire source search unit 33 in the pitch direction, and uses the heat source search unit 331 to identify the heat source position in the pitch direction (pitch angle detailed scan). Specifically, the pitch drive unit 36 follows the control of the control unit 31 to gradually rotate the fire source search unit 33 at a predetermined angle in the pitch direction within the pitch angle range where the fire source search unit 33 faces the vicinity of the heat source position. The predetermined angle is smaller than the predetermined angle used in pre-scanning. At this time, the rotation angle of the fire source search part 33 is fixed at an angle toward the periphery of the heat source position in accordance with the control of the control part 31 . The heat source search part 331 rotates in the pitch direction and takes infrared images at each predetermined angle according to the control of the control part 31 . The determination means 311 analyzes the infrared image captured by the heat source search unit 331, and identifies the heat source position in the pitch direction based on the analysis result of the infrared image. The heat source position in the pitch direction identified through detailed scanning of the pitch angle is more accurate than the heat source position identified through the aforementioned pre-scan.
接著，控制部31係藉由迴旋驅動部35使火源搜索部33往迴旋方向旋轉，並使用熱源搜索部331辨識出迴旋方向之更詳細之熱源位置(迴旋角度詳細掃描)。具體而言，迴旋驅動部35，係遵照控制部31之控制，在火源搜索部33朝向熱源位置之附近之迴旋角度之範圍，使火源搜索部33往迴旋方向逐步以預定角度旋轉。該預定角度，係比於預掃描使用之預定角度更小。亦即，迴旋角度詳細掃描，係比前述之預掃描更仔細地搜索熱源位置。此時，火源搜索部33之俯仰角度，係固定於朝向在俯仰角度詳細掃描所辨識出之熱源位置之方向之角度。熱源搜索部331，係往迴旋方向轉動，遵照控制部31之控制於每個預定角度攝影紅外線圖像。判定手段311，係解析藉由熱源搜索部331攝影之紅外線圖像，根據該紅外線圖像之解析結果辨識出迴旋方向之熱源位置。藉由該迴旋角度詳細掃描辨識出之迴旋方向之熱源位置，係精度比藉由前述之預掃描所辨識出之熱源位置更高。Next, the control part 31 rotates the fire source search part 33 in the rotation direction through the rotation drive part 35, and uses the heat source search part 331 to identify a more detailed heat source position in the rotation direction (swing angle detailed scanning). Specifically, the rotation driving unit 35 follows the control of the control unit 31 to gradually rotate the fire source search unit 33 at a predetermined angle in the rotation direction within the rotation angle range of the fire source search unit 33 near the position of the heat source. The predetermined angle is smaller than the predetermined angle used in pre-scanning. That is to say, the detailed scanning of the rotation angle searches for the heat source position more carefully than the aforementioned pre-scan. At this time, the pitch angle of the fire source search part 33 is fixed at an angle facing the direction of the heat source position identified by detailed scanning of the pitch angle. The heat source search part 331 rotates in the rotation direction and takes infrared images at each predetermined angle according to the control of the control part 31. The determination means 311 analyzes the infrared image captured by the heat source search unit 331, and identifies the heat source position in the rotation direction based on the analysis result of the infrared image. The heat source position in the rotation direction identified through detailed scanning of the rotation angle is more accurate than the heat source position identified through the aforementioned pre-scan.
當俯仰角度詳細掃描及迴旋角度詳細掃描結束，控制部31，係以使火焰偵測部332之正面朝向於俯仰角度詳細掃描及迴旋角度詳細掃描辨識出之熱源位置之方向之方式，藉由迴旋驅動部35及俯仰驅動部36使火源搜索部33往迴旋方向及俯仰方向旋轉。火焰偵測部332，係自正面之熱源位置進行火焰之偵測。判定手段311，係根據火焰偵測部332之偵測結果，判定火焰之有無(火焰有無判定)。例如，於藉由火焰偵測部332感測到自火焰發出之光而偵測到火焰之情形，判定手段311係判定有火焰。When the detailed scanning of the pitch angle and the detailed scanning of the swing angle are completed, the control unit 31 makes the front side of the flame detection unit 332 face the direction of the heat source position identified by the detailed scanning of the pitch angle and the detailed scanning of the swing angle, by rotating The driving part 35 and the pitch driving part 36 rotate the fire source search part 33 in the turning direction and the pitching direction. The flame detection part 332 detects the flame from the front heat source position. The determination means 311 determines the presence or absence of flame based on the detection result of the flame detection unit 332 (flame presence or absence determination). For example, when the flame detection unit 332 senses the light emitted from the flame and detects a flame, the determination means 311 determines that there is a flame.
若藉由判定手段311判定有火焰，通訊部32係將火源之位置資訊傳送至中央控制盤20(傳送位置資訊)。作為該位置資訊，係使用於俯仰角度詳細掃描及迴旋角度詳細掃描藉由熱源搜索部331辨識出之熱源位置之迴旋角度及俯仰角度。並且，控制部31，係藉由迴旋驅動部35使放水噴嘴34以朝向該火源位置之方向之方式往迴旋方向旋轉。If it is determined by the determination means 311 that there is a flame, the communication unit 32 transmits the location information of the fire source to the central control panel 20 (transmitting location information). As the position information, the rotation angle and the pitch angle of the heat source position identified by the heat source search unit 331 in the pitch angle detailed scan and the swing angle detailed scan are used. Furthermore, the control part 31 uses the rotation drive part 35 to rotate the water discharge nozzle 34 in the rotation direction toward the direction of the fire source position.
當自放水裝置30接收到火源之位置資訊，中央控制盤20，係對於控制最接近由該位置資訊所示之火源位置之放水噴嘴34之現地控制盤25，傳送指示從該放水噴嘴34朝向火源位置放水之指示訊號。此時，中央控制盤20，係經由放水裝置30對於現地控制盤25傳送指示訊號。現地控制盤25，係當接收到指示訊號，則控制符合條件之放水噴嘴34之閥，開始朝向火源位置放水。When the self-discharging device 30 receives the position information of the fire source, the central control panel 20 is the local control panel 25 that controls the water discharging nozzle 34 closest to the fire source position indicated by the position information, and transmits instructions from the water discharging nozzle 34 Instruction signal to discharge water towards the fire source. At this time, the central control panel 20 sends an instruction signal to the local control panel 25 via the water discharge device 30 . When the local control panel 25 receives the instruction signal, it controls the valve of the water discharge nozzle 34 that meets the conditions to start discharging water toward the fire source position.
假使於採用火源搜索部33不往俯仰方向轉動，而僅往迴旋方向轉動之構成之情形，火焰偵測部332係僅指定迴旋方向之角度而偵測火焰，故必須於俯仰方向具有廣角之視野角。然而，本實施方式，因火源搜索部33往迴旋方向及俯仰方向之兩個方向轉動，故能夠在於火焰偵測部332之正面有熱源之狀態下偵測火焰。因此，本實施方式，相較於火源搜索部33不往俯仰方向轉動，而僅往迴旋方向轉動之構成之情形，能夠使火焰偵測部332之視野縮窄。If the fire source search part 33 is configured to not rotate in the pitch direction, but only rotate in the rotation direction, the flame detection part 332 only specifies the angle in the rotation direction to detect the flame, so it must have a wide angle in the pitch direction. Angle of view. However, in this embodiment, since the fire source search part 33 rotates in both the rotation direction and the pitch direction, it is possible to detect the flame in a state where there is a heat source in front of the flame detection part 332. Therefore, in this embodiment, compared with the configuration in which the fire source search part 33 does not rotate in the pitch direction but only rotates in the rotation direction, the field of view of the flame detection part 332 can be narrowed.
圖4，係表示火焰偵測部332之一例之俯視圖。圖5，係表示火焰偵測部332之一例之側視圖。圖6，係表示火焰偵測部332之一例之分解立體圖。如圖4～6所示，火焰偵測部332，係具備基板301、元件保持器302、光感測元件303、遮蔽外殼304、視野限制構件305。FIG. 4 is a top view showing an example of the flame detection unit 332. FIG. 5 is a side view showing an example of the flame detection unit 332. FIG. 6 is an exploded perspective view showing an example of the flame detection unit 332. As shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 , the flame detection unit 332 includes a substrate 301 , an element holder 302 , a light sensing element 303 , a shielding case 304 , and a visual field limiting member 305 .
基板301，係組裝有電子零件之印刷基板。於基板301，係安裝有元件保持器302。作為元件保持器302之安裝方法，係例如將設於元件保持器302之底部之突起插入至形成於基板301之孔之方法亦可。The substrate 301 is a printed circuit board on which electronic components are assembled. On the substrate 301, a component holder 302 is mounted. As a method of mounting the component holder 302 , for example, a protrusion provided at the bottom of the component holder 302 may be inserted into a hole formed in the substrate 301 .
元件保持器302，係收容光感測元件303。元件保持器302，係具有收容光感測元件303之收容部321。收容部321，係具有使光感測元件303能夠進入之大小之凹漥，且頂部開口。又，於圖4～6所示之例中，收容部321係位於元件保持器302之右上方之端部，然而收容部321係位於元件保持器302之中央部亦可。收容部321之開口，係於俯視下具有大致圓形形狀，且具有不妨礙光感測元件303之視野之大小。於收容部321之開口，係設有僅使預定之波長頻帶之光穿透之光學濾波器亦可。作為光學濾波器之安裝方法，係例如以封塞開口之方式使用接著劑進行接著之方法亦可。The element holder 302 holds the light sensing element 303. The element holder 302 has a receiving portion 321 for accommodating the light sensing element 303. The receiving portion 321 has a recess of a size that allows the light sensing element 303 to enter, and the top is open. Furthermore, in the examples shown in FIGS. 4 to 6 , the receiving portion 321 is located at the upper right end of the component holder 302 . However, the receiving portion 321 may be located at the center of the component holder 302 . The opening of the receiving portion 321 has a substantially circular shape when viewed from above, and has a size that does not obstruct the field of view of the light sensing element 303 . The opening of the receiving portion 321 may be provided with an optical filter that allows only light in a predetermined wavelength band to pass through. As a method of mounting the optical filter, for example, a method of sealing the opening and attaching it using an adhesive may be used.
光感測元件303，係感測自火焰發生之光。作為光感測元件303之例，係可舉出焦電元件。光感測元件303，係收容於元件保持器302之收容部321，並安裝於基板301。The light sensing element 303 senses the light generated from the flame. An example of the light sensing element 303 is a pyroelectric element. The light sensing element 303 is received in the receiving portion 321 of the element holder 302 and mounted on the substrate 301 .
遮蔽外殼304，係以覆蓋元件保持器302之方式配置，並使前往光感測元件303之電磁波減少。遮蔽外殼304，係具有底面開口之箱體之形狀。遮蔽外殼304，係例如以鋁、鋼、馬口鐵、鉛等之金屬，或是其他導電性材料形成。又，於圖4～6中，僅於基板301之表側設有遮蔽外殼304，然而於基板301之裏側設有遮蔽外殼亦可。The shielding casing 304 is configured to cover the component holder 302 and reduce electromagnetic waves going to the light sensing component 303 . The shielding shell 304 is in the shape of a box with an opening on the bottom. The shielding shell 304 is made of metal such as aluminum, steel, tinplate, lead, or other conductive materials. In addition, in FIGS. 4 to 6 , the shielding case 304 is provided only on the front side of the substrate 301 . However, a shielding case 304 may be provided on the back side of the substrate 301 .
於遮蔽外殼304，係形成有使前往光感測元件303之光通過之孔341。孔341，係於俯視下形成在與光感測元件303重疊之位置。孔341，係於俯視下具有圓形形狀，且具有不妨礙光感測元件303之視野之大小。於孔341，係設有僅使預定之波長頻帶之光穿透之光學濾波器亦可。作為光學濾波器之安裝方法，係例如對於遮蔽外殼304之內部以將孔341從內側封塞之方式使用接著劑進行接著之方法亦可。孔341，係使前往本光感測元件303之光穿透，故係本發明之「穿透部」之一例。又，在此所謂「穿透」，係並非必須通過物質之內部，亦包含未設有光學濾波器之孔341般不通過物質之內部而使光通過者。The shielding casing 304 is formed with a hole 341 for allowing the light going to the light sensing element 303 to pass. The hole 341 is formed at a position overlapping the light sensing element 303 when viewed from above. The hole 341 has a circular shape when viewed from above, and has a size that does not hinder the field of view of the light sensing element 303 . The hole 341 may be provided with an optical filter that transmits only light in a predetermined wavelength band. As a method of mounting the optical filter, for example, the inside of the shielding case 304 may be adhered using an adhesive so as to seal the hole 341 from the inside. The hole 341 allows the light going to the light sensing element 303 to pass through, and is therefore an example of the "penetrating part" of the present invention. In addition, the so-called "penetration" here does not necessarily pass through the interior of the material, but also includes allowing light to pass through the interior of the material without passing through the hole 341 without an optical filter.
並且，於遮蔽外殼304，係形成有使用於固定視野限制構件305之2個孔342。2個孔342，係分別於俯視下形成在與視野限制構件305之2個突起359重疊之位置。各孔342，係具有突起359能夠進入之大小及形狀。Furthermore, the shielding casing 304 is formed with two holes 342 for fixing the view limiting member 305. The two holes 342 are formed at positions overlapping the two protrusions 359 of the view limiting member 305 in plan view. Each hole 342 has a size and shape that the protrusion 359 can enter.
視野限制構件305，係將對於光感測元件303之光之入射範圍限制於預定範圍。預定範圍，係訂定為包含偵測正面之火焰所需之視野，且來自該視野外之光之入射受到抑制之範圍。視野限制構件305之本體，係具有大致圓盤形狀。於視野限制構件305，係形成有：孔351，係使前往光感測元件303之光通過，並限制對於光感測元件303之光之入射範圍。孔351，係於俯視下形成在與光感測元件303重疊之位置。孔351，係具有限制光感測元件303之視野之大小及形狀。於孔351，係設有僅使預定之波長頻帶之光穿透之光學濾波器亦可。作為光學濾波器之安裝方法，係例如以封塞孔351之方式使用接著劑進行接著之方法亦可。孔351，係使前往本光感測元件303之光穿透，故係本發明之「穿透部」之一例。又，在此所謂「穿透」，係並非必須通過物質之內部，亦包含未設有光學濾波器之孔351般不通過物質之內部而使光通過者。The visual field limiting member 305 limits the incident range of light to the light sensing element 303 to a predetermined range. The predetermined range is determined to include the field of view required to detect the frontal flame, and the range in which the incidence of light from outside the field of view is suppressed. The body of the visual field limiting member 305 has a substantially disk shape. The visual field limiting member 305 is formed with a hole 351 that allows the light to pass through the light sensing element 303 and limits the incidence range of the light to the light sensing element 303 . The hole 351 is formed at a position overlapping the light sensing element 303 when viewed from above. The hole 351 has a size and shape that limits the field of view of the light sensing element 303. The hole 351 may be provided with an optical filter that transmits only light of a predetermined wavelength band. As a mounting method of the optical filter, for example, a method of sealing the hole 351 and attaching it using an adhesive may be used. The hole 351 allows the light going to the light sensing element 303 to pass through, and is therefore an example of the "penetrating part" of the present invention. In addition, the so-called "penetration" here does not necessarily pass through the inside of the material, but also includes allowing light to pass through the inside of the material without passing through the hole 351 without an optical filter.
視野限制構件305係貫穿遮蔽外殼304而固定於基板301。於視野限制構件305之底部，設有2個突起359。2個突起359，係分別貫穿遮蔽外殼304之2個孔342，而固定於基板301。突起359之固定方法，係例如為使用螺絲之方法亦可，為使用鉤之方法或使用接著膠帶之方法亦可。遮蔽外殼304，因配置於基板301與視野限制構件305之間，故藉由視野限制構件305對於基板301固定，係藉由視野限制構件305將該遮蔽外殼304對於基板301按壓而固定。又，遮蔽外殼304，係進一步使用板上夾具固定於基板301亦可。The visual field limiting member 305 penetrates the shielding casing 304 and is fixed to the substrate 301 . There are two protrusions 359 at the bottom of the field of view limiting member 305. The two protrusions 359 respectively pass through the two holes 342 of the shielding shell 304 and are fixed to the base plate 301. The protrusion 359 may be fixed by, for example, screws, hooks, or adhesive tape. Since the shielding casing 304 is disposed between the substrate 301 and the visual field limiting member 305, it is fixed to the substrate 301 by the visual field limiting member 305. The shielding casing 304 is pressed and fixed to the substrate 301 by the visual field limiting member 305. In addition, the shielding case 304 may be further fixed to the base plate 301 using a clamp on the plate.
圖7及圖8，係自火焰偵測部332之圖4中箭視A-A方向觀察之剖面圖。孔351之內部，係藉由壁面352形成。壁面352之剖面形狀係表面係斜線形狀。孔351，於光軸355之方向具有2個開口353及354。開口354，係比開口353更接近光感測元件303。7 and 8 are cross-sectional views of the flame detection portion 332 viewed in the direction A-A in FIG. 4 . The inside of the hole 351 is formed by the wall 352 . The cross-sectional shape of the wall surface 352 is a diagonal surface shape. The hole 351 has two openings 353 and 354 in the direction of the optical axis 355. The opening 354 is closer to the light sensing element 303 than the opening 353 .
孔351之大小及形狀，係考慮到構造公差，以使對於光感測元件303之光之入射範圍限制於預定範圍之方式訂定。如圖7所示，孔351，係於光軸355之方向之開口353側之預定範圍356逐漸縮窄。
形成孔351之壁面352，係於預定範圍356，以垂直於光軸355之剖面之孔351之面積越接近光感測元件303越狹窄之方式，對於光軸355傾斜。
The size and shape of the hole 351 are determined in such a way that the incident range of light to the light sensing element 303 is limited to a predetermined range, taking into account structural tolerances. As shown in FIG. 7 , the predetermined range 356 of the hole 351 on the side of the opening 353 in the direction of the optical axis 355 gradually narrows.
The wall surface 352 forming the hole 351 is within a predetermined range 356 and is inclined with respect to the optical axis 355 in such a manner that the area of the hole 351 becomes narrower as it approaches the light sensing element 303 in a cross section perpendicular to the optical axis 355.
另一方面，孔351，係於光軸355之方向之開口354側之預定範圍357逐漸擴展。預定範圍357，係於光軸355之方向與預定範圍356相鄰，比預定範圍356更接近光感測元件303。形成孔351之壁面352，係於預定範圍357，以垂直於光軸355之剖面之孔351之面積越接近光感測元件303越寬廣之方式，對於光軸355傾斜。On the other hand, the hole 351 gradually expands to a predetermined range 357 on the side of the opening 354 in the direction of the optical axis 355. The predetermined range 357 is adjacent to the predetermined range 356 in the direction of the optical axis 355 and is closer to the light sensing element 303 than the predetermined range 356 . The wall surface 352 forming the hole 351 is within a predetermined range 357 and is inclined with respect to the optical axis 355 in such a way that the area of the hole 351 becomes wider as it approaches the light sensing element 303 in a cross section perpendicular to the optical axis 355.
如此，壁面352，雖於預定範圍356往孔351縮窄之方向傾斜，然而於預定範圍357係往孔351擴展之方向傾斜。於壁面352傾斜之方向發生變化之部分，係於孔351為最狹窄之最狹窄部358。最狹窄部358，係限制對於光感測元件303之光之入射範圍。垂直於最狹窄部358之光軸355之剖面積，係具有將對於光感測元件303之光之入射範圍限制於預定範圍之大小。孔351之開口354及最狹窄部358，皆比遮蔽外殼304所具有之孔341更狹窄。另一方面，孔351之開口353，係比最狹窄部358更寬廣，並具有不致妨礙對於光感測元件303之光之入射範圍之大小。In this way, although the wall surface 352 is inclined in the direction in which the hole 351 narrows in the predetermined range 356, it is inclined in the direction in which the hole 351 expands in the predetermined range 357. The portion where the direction of inclination of the wall surface 352 changes is the narrowest portion 358 where the hole 351 is the narrowest. The narrowest portion 358 limits the incident range of light to the light sensing element 303 . The cross-sectional area perpendicular to the optical axis 355 of the narrowest portion 358 has a size that limits the incident range of light to the light sensing element 303 to a predetermined range. The opening 354 and the narrowest portion 358 of the hole 351 are both narrower than the hole 341 of the shielding shell 304 . On the other hand, the opening 353 of the hole 351 is wider than the narrowest portion 358 and has a size that does not hinder the incident range of light to the light sensing element 303 .
在此，如圖7中之放大圖中以實線所示般，設想光感測元件303無位置偏移之情形。如前述般，孔351之壁面352係對於光軸355之方向傾斜，故對於光感測元件303，會入射有來自其端部之視野L1之範圍內之光。視野L1之範圍外之光，會受到孔351之壁面352至最狹窄部358妨礙對於光感測元件303之入射。因此，於光感測元件303無位置偏移之情形，光感測元件303之視野係被限制於視野L1之視角以下。Here, as shown by the solid line in the enlarged view of FIG. 7 , it is assumed that the light sensing element 303 has no positional deviation. As mentioned above, the wall surface 352 of the hole 351 is inclined with respect to the direction of the optical axis 355, so the light within the visual field L1 from its end is incident on the light sensing element 303. Light outside the range of the field of view L1 will be prevented from entering the light sensing element 303 by the wall surface 352 to the narrowest part 358 of the hole 351 . Therefore, when there is no positional deviation of the light sensing element 303, the field of view of the light sensing element 303 is limited to below the viewing angle of the field of view L1.
接著，如於圖7中之放大圖中以兩點鏈線所示般，設想光感測元件303有位置偏移之情形。如前述般，孔351之壁面352係對於光軸355之方向傾斜，故對於光感測元件303，會入射有來自其端部之視野L2之範圍內之光。視野L2之範圍外之光，會受到孔351之壁面352至最狹窄部358妨礙對於光感測元件303之入射。因此，於光感測元件303有位置偏移之情形，光感測元件303之視野係被限制於視野L2之視角以下。Next, as shown by the two-dot chain line in the enlarged view of FIG. 7 , imagine that the light sensing element 303 has a positional shift. As mentioned above, the wall surface 352 of the hole 351 is inclined with respect to the direction of the optical axis 355, so the light within the visual field L2 from its end is incident on the light sensing element 303. Light outside the range of the field of view L2 will be prevented from being incident on the light sensing element 303 by the wall surface 352 to the narrowest part 358 of the hole 351 . Therefore, when the light sensing element 303 has a positional deviation, the field of view of the light sensing element 303 is limited to below the viewing angle of the field of view L2.
於光感測元件303無位置偏移之情形，光感測元件303之視野係視野L1之視角以下，然而於光感測元件303有位置偏移之情形，光感測元件303之視野會成為比視野L1更小之視野L2之視角以下。因此，若考慮到構造公差，對於光感測元件303之光之單側之入射範圍之限制，係較佳訂定為即便為光感測元件303之位置發生偏移之情形之視野L2，亦包含偵測正面之火焰所需之視野。When there is no positional shift of the light sensing element 303, the field of view of the light sensing element 303 is below the field of view L1. However, when there is a positional shift of the light sensing element 303, the field of view of the light sensing element 303 becomes The viewing angle of the visual field L2 is smaller than the visual field L1. Therefore, if structural tolerances are taken into account, the limitation on the incident range of light from one side of the photo-sensing element 303 is preferably set to be the field of view L2 even when the position of the photo-sensing element 303 is shifted. Contains the field of view required to detect frontal flames.
又，在此，雖舉出考慮光感測元件303之位置偏移而對於光感測元件303訂定視野之限制之例進行說明，然而考慮視野限制構件305之位置偏移、光感測元件303之傾斜之偏移等之其他構造公差，訂定光感測元件303之視野之限制亦可。Furthermore, here, an example in which the visual field limit of the photosensitive element 303 is set taking into account the positional deviation of the photosensitive element 303 is given and explained. However, considering the positional deviation of the visual field limiting member 305, the photosensitive element Other structural tolerances such as the tilt and offset of 303 may also set limits on the field of view of the light sensing element 303.
藉由限制光感測元件303之視野，係能夠抑制來自偵測正面之火焰所需之視野外之光之入射。因此，能夠減少光感測元件303感測到火焰所發出之光以外之外部光線，而導致火焰偵測部332誤偵測到火焰之情事。By limiting the field of view of the light sensing element 303, the incidence of light from outside the field of view required to detect the front flame can be suppressed. Therefore, it can be reduced that the light sensing element 303 senses external light other than the light emitted by the flame, causing the flame detection part 332 to falsely detect the flame.
並且，即便於將光感測元件303之視野限制於視野L2之情形，若考慮到點光源，亦會有入射角度比視野L2之視角更大之光入射至孔351而抵達壁面352之情事。例如圖8中之放大圖所示般，會有入射角度比視野L2之視角更大之光L3入射至孔351而抵達壁面352之預定範圍356之情事。該光L3，雖於壁面352之預定範圍356之部分受到反射，然而該部分係對於光軸355之方向傾斜，故不會被反射至前往光感測元件303之方向，而受到反射之光L3不會入射至光感測元件303。同樣地，會有入射角度比視野L2之視角更大之光L4入射至孔351而抵達壁面352之最狹窄部358之情事。該光L4，雖於壁面352之最狹窄部358受到反射，然而該最狹窄部358係角落，故不會被反射至前往光感測元件303之方向，而受到反射之光L4不會入射至光感測元件303。如此，壁面352，係以入射角度比視野L2之視角更大之光受到壁面352反射時不易前往光感測元件303之方式傾斜。並且，最狹窄部358，係具有入射角度比視野L2之視角更大之光受到壁面352反射時不易前往光感測元件303之大小。藉由該壁面352之傾斜及最狹窄部358之大小，係能夠抑制入射角度比視野L2之視角更大之來自點光源等之光受到壁面352反射1次而入射至光感測元件303之情事。Furthermore, even if the field of view of the light sensing element 303 is limited to the field of view L2, if a point light source is considered, light with an incident angle larger than the field of view L2 may be incident on the hole 351 and reach the wall 352. For example, as shown in the enlarged view in FIG. 8 , light L3 with an incident angle larger than the angle of view L2 may be incident on the hole 351 and reach the predetermined range 356 of the wall 352 . Although the light L3 is reflected in a portion of the predetermined range 356 of the wall 352, this portion is inclined to the direction of the optical axis 355, so it will not be reflected in the direction toward the light sensing element 303, and the reflected light L3 will be reflected. It will not be incident on the light sensing element 303 . Similarly, light L4 with an incident angle larger than the angle of view L2 may be incident on the hole 351 and reach the narrowest part 358 of the wall 352 . Although the light L4 is reflected at the narrowest part 358 of the wall surface 352, the narrowest part 358 is a corner, so it will not be reflected in the direction toward the light sensing element 303, and the reflected light L4 will not be incident on Light sensing element 303. In this way, the wall 352 is tilted in such a way that light having an incident angle larger than the viewing angle of the field of view L2 is less likely to go to the light sensing element 303 when reflected by the wall 352 . Furthermore, the narrowest portion 358 has a size such that light with an incident angle larger than the angle of view L2 cannot easily go to the light sensing element 303 when reflected by the wall surface 352 . The inclination of the wall surface 352 and the size of the narrowest portion 358 can prevent light from a point light source, etc., with an incident angle larger than the angle of view L2, being reflected once by the wall surface 352 and entering the light sensing element 303 .
並且，為了抑制受到壁面352反射之光對於光感測元件303入射，形成孔351之壁面352含有吸光材料亦可。例如，壁面352本身以吸光材料形成亦可，以吸收光之黑色塗料塗裝壁面352亦可。此時，並非必須使壁面352整體皆具有吸光材料，壁面352之至少一部分具有吸光材料即可。藉由吸光材料，入射至孔351之光不易受到壁面352反射，故能夠抑制受到壁面352反射之光入射至光感測元件303。Furthermore, in order to prevent the light reflected by the wall surface 352 from being incident on the light sensing element 303, the wall surface 352 forming the hole 351 may also contain a light-absorbing material. For example, the wall surface 352 itself may be formed of a light-absorbing material, or the wall surface 352 may be painted with a black paint that absorbs light. At this time, it is not necessary that the entire wall surface 352 has a light-absorbing material, and at least a part of the wall surface 352 only needs to have a light-absorbing material. Through the light-absorbing material, the light incident on the hole 351 is less likely to be reflected by the wall 352 , so the light reflected by the wall 352 can be suppressed from being incident on the light sensing element 303 .
依據以上所說明之實施方式，因火焰偵測部332係往迴旋方向及俯仰方向之兩方轉動，故相較於火焰偵測部332僅往迴旋方向轉動之構成，能夠使光對於光感測元件303之入射範圍縮窄。並且，因來自偵測正面之火焰所需之視野外之光之入射受到視野限制構件305抑制，故能夠減少火焰偵測部332對於火焰之誤偵測之情事。並且，壁面352，係於預定範圍356，以垂直於光軸355之剖面之孔351之面積越接近光感測元件303越狹窄之方式對於光軸355傾斜，故能夠確保偵測正面之火焰所需之視野，並且能夠抑制入射角度比視野L2之視角更大之光受到壁面352反射1次而入射至光之光感測元件303之情事。並且，壁面352，係於預定範圍357，以垂直於光軸355之剖面之孔351之面積越接近光感測元件303越寬廣之方式對於光軸355傾斜，故能夠以藉由該傾斜形成之最狹窄部358確保偵測正面之火焰所需之視野，並且能夠抑制入射角度比視野L2之視角更大之光受到壁面352反射1次而入射至光感測元件303之情事。並且，因孔351之壁面352具有吸光材料，故入射至孔351之光不易受到壁面352反射，故能夠抑制受到壁面352反射之光入射至光感測元件303。並且，孔351之開口354及最狹窄部358，皆比遮蔽外殼304所具有之孔341更狹窄，故受到孔341之邊緣面反射之光能夠防止光入射至光感測元件303。並且，遮蔽外殼304，因配置於基板301與視野限制構件305之間，藉由視野限制構件305對於基板301固定，而藉由視野限制構件305將該遮蔽外殼304對於基板301按壓，故能夠密接於基板301。因此，能夠提高藉由遮蔽外殼304減少前往光感測元件303之電磁波之效果。According to the embodiment described above, since the flame detection part 332 rotates in both the rotation direction and the pitch direction, compared with the configuration in which the flame detection part 332 only rotates in the rotation direction, the light can be sensed The incident range of element 303 is narrowed. In addition, since the incidence of light from outside the field of view required for detecting the flame on the front is suppressed by the field of view restricting member 305, erroneous detection of flames by the flame detector 332 can be reduced. Furthermore, the wall surface 352 is within the predetermined range 356 and is tilted toward the optical axis 355 in such a way that the area of the hole 351 perpendicular to the cross section of the optical axis 355 becomes narrower as it approaches the light sensing element 303. Therefore, it is possible to ensure that the flame on the front side is detected. The required field of view is required, and it is possible to prevent light having an incident angle larger than the field of view L2 from being reflected once by the wall 352 and then being incident on the light sensing element 303 . Furthermore, the wall surface 352 is within the predetermined range 357 and is tilted with respect to the optical axis 355 in such a manner that the area of the hole 351 perpendicular to the cross section of the optical axis 355 becomes wider as it approaches the light sensing element 303. Therefore, the wall surface 352 can be formed by this tilt. The narrowest portion 358 ensures the field of view required to detect the front flame, and can prevent light with an incident angle larger than the angle of view L2 from being reflected once by the wall 352 and entering the light sensing element 303 . Furthermore, since the wall surface 352 of the hole 351 has a light-absorbing material, the light incident on the hole 351 is not easily reflected by the wall surface 352, so the light reflected by the wall surface 352 can be suppressed from entering the light sensing element 303. Moreover, the opening 354 and the narrowest portion 358 of the hole 351 are both narrower than the hole 341 of the shielding housing 304, so the light reflected by the edge surface of the hole 341 can prevent the light from entering the light sensing element 303. Furthermore, since the shielding case 304 is disposed between the substrate 301 and the visual field restricting member 305, it is fixed to the substrate 301 by the visual field restricting member 305, and the shielding case 304 is pressed against the substrate 301 by the visual field restricting member 305, so that it can be closely contacted. on the substrate 301. Therefore, the effect of reducing electromagnetic waves going to the light sensing element 303 through the shielding casing 304 can be improved.
本發明不限於前述之實施方式。前述之實施方式，係亦可如以下之變形例般變形而實施。並且，將以下之變形例當中之兩者以上組合使用亦可。The present invention is not limited to the aforementioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiment can also be modified and implemented as the following modified examples. Furthermore, two or more of the following modifications may be used in combination.
於前述之實施方式中，孔351之形狀，係不限於圖4～8所例示之形狀。壁面352之剖面形狀係不限於表面為斜線形狀，為曲線形狀亦可，為階梯形狀亦可。於該例中，孔351，係於預定範圍356非連續地縮窄，於預定範圍357非連續地擴展。作為其他例，孔351，係於光軸355之方向之全部範圍逐漸縮窄亦可。於該例中，形成孔351之壁面352，係於光軸355之方向之全部範圍，以垂直於光軸355之剖面之孔351之面積越接近光感測元件303越狹窄之方式，對於光軸355傾斜。In the aforementioned embodiments, the shape of the hole 351 is not limited to the shape illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 8 . The cross-sectional shape of the wall surface 352 is not limited to the oblique shape of the surface, and may also be a curved shape or a stepped shape. In this example, the hole 351 narrows discontinuously in the predetermined range 356 and expands discontinuously in the predetermined range 357 . As another example, the entire range of the hole 351 in the direction of the optical axis 355 may be gradually narrowed. In this example, the wall surface 352 forming the hole 351 is the entire range in the direction of the optical axis 355. The area of the hole 351 perpendicular to the cross section of the optical axis 355 becomes narrower as it approaches the light sensing element 303. For light Axis 355 is tilted.
於前述之實施方式中，視野限制構件305之形狀，係不限於圖4～8所例示之形狀。視野限制構件305之本體之形狀不限於有大致圓盤形狀，為長方體之形狀或立方體之形狀亦可。In the aforementioned embodiments, the shape of the visual field limiting member 305 is not limited to the shapes illustrated in FIGS. 4 to 8 . The shape of the main body of the field of view limiting member 305 is not limited to a substantially disk shape, but may also be a rectangular parallelepiped shape or a cube shape.
於前述之實施方式中，光感測元件303之數量係不限於1個。火焰偵測部332具有複數個光感測元件303亦可。例如，火焰偵測部332，係包含偵測波長頻帶不同之2個光感測元件303之二波長感測器亦可。In the aforementioned embodiments, the number of light sensing elements 303 is not limited to one. The flame detection part 332 may have a plurality of light sensing elements 303. For example, the flame detection part 332 may be a two-wavelength sensor including two light sensing elements 303 with different detection wavelength bands.
於前述之實施方式中，取代放水裝置30，由其他裝置具有判定手段311亦可。例如，中央控制盤20具有判定手段311，根據自放水裝置30傳送而來之紅外線圖像辨識熱源位置，並根據自放水裝置30傳送而來之光之感測結果判定火焰之有無亦可。In the aforementioned embodiment, instead of the water discharge device 30, other devices may have the determination means 311. For example, the central control panel 20 has a determination means 311 that identifies the location of the heat source based on the infrared image transmitted from the water discharge device 30 and determines the presence or absence of the flame based on the light sensing result transmitted from the water discharge device 30 .
於前述之實施方式中，火源搜索部33，係並非必須包含於放水裝置30，亦可作為單一火源搜索裝置提供。In the aforementioned embodiment, the fire source search part 33 does not have to be included in the water discharge device 30, and may also be provided as a single fire source search device.
於前述之實施方式中，火災收訊機15與中央控制盤20係一體化亦可。在此情形，中央控制盤20，係將自火災偵測器10接收到火災訊號作為契機，而啟動放水裝置30以搜索火源亦可。In the aforementioned embodiment, the fire receiver 15 and the central control panel 20 may be integrated. In this case, the central control panel 20 may take the reception of the fire signal from the fire detector 10 as an opportunity to activate the water discharge device 30 to search for the fire source.
圖9，係變形例之視野限制構件305之孔361之剖面形狀之放大圖。於圖9，係表示自圖4中之箭視A-A方向觀察之剖面。孔361之內部，係藉由壁面362形成。壁面362之剖面形狀係大致L字型。壁面362，係具有往光軸355之方向延伸之第1部分362a，以及往與光軸355之方向正交之方向延伸之第2部分362b。藉由該第1部分362a與第2部分362b形成大致L字型。第2部分362b，在最狹窄部358與開口353側之端部之間，係與前述之實施方式相同，往使孔361縮窄之方向傾斜。並且，第2部分362b，在最狹窄部358與開口354之間，係與前述之實施方式相同，往使孔361擴展之方向傾斜。FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the cross-sectional shape of the hole 361 of the visual field limiting member 305 of the modified example. FIG. 9 shows a cross-section viewed from the direction A-A of the arrow in FIG. 4 . The inside of the hole 361 is formed by the wall 362 . The cross-sectional shape of the wall surface 362 is approximately L-shaped. The wall surface 362 has a first portion 362a extending in the direction of the optical axis 355, and a second portion 362b extending in a direction orthogonal to the direction of the optical axis 355. The first part 362a and the second part 362b form a substantially L-shape. The second part 362b, between the narrowest part 358 and the end on the opening 353 side, is inclined in the direction of narrowing the hole 361, as in the aforementioned embodiment. Furthermore, the second portion 362b, between the narrowest portion 358 and the opening 354, is inclined in the direction in which the hole 361 expands, as in the aforementioned embodiment.
於視野限制構件305之孔為其他形狀之情形，特定之入射角度之光會受到壁面反射而入射至光感測元件303，故相較於未設有視野限制構件305之情形，會有光感測元件303之輸出於特定之入射角度增加之情形。特別是，於火焰偵測部332具有檢測波長帶不同之複數個光感測元件303之情形，若光感測元件303之輸出於特定之入射角度增加，則複數個檢測波長帶彼此之光感測元件303之輸出比例會發生變化，故會導致火焰偵測部332將外部光線誤偵測為火焰而進行誤報之風險，或是雖發生火災但火焰偵測部332未能偵測火焰之漏報之風險增加。藉由該變形例之孔361之形狀，係能夠抑制受到壁面362反射之光入射至光感測元件303，故能夠抑制光感測元件303於特定之入射角度之輸出增加，而能夠減少誤報或漏報之風險。When the hole of the visual field limiting member 305 is of other shapes, light at a specific incident angle will be reflected by the wall and incident on the light sensing element 303. Therefore, compared with the case where the visual field limiting member 305 is not provided, there will be light sensing. The output of the measuring element 303 increases at a specific incident angle. In particular, in the case where the flame detection part 332 has a plurality of light sensing elements 303 with different detection wavelength bands, if the output of the light sensing element 303 increases at a specific incident angle, the light sensitivity of the plurality of detection wavelength bands will be different from each other. The output ratio of the detection element 303 will change, which will lead to the risk of the flame detection unit 332 mistakenly detecting external light as a flame and giving a false alarm, or even if a fire occurs, the flame detection unit 332 fails to detect the leakage of the flame. The risk of retaliation increases. Through the shape of the hole 361 in this modification, the light reflected by the wall 362 can be prevented from being incident on the light sensing element 303. Therefore, the output of the light sensing element 303 at a specific incident angle can be restrained from increasing, thereby reducing false alarms or Risk of underreporting.
於火焰偵測部332具有檢測波長帶不同之複數個光感測元件303之情形，火焰偵測部332會根據複數個光感測元件303之輸出比例偵測火焰。所謂該輸出，係表示光之感測結果之值。前述般之判定手段311，係依據火焰偵測部332之火焰之偵測結果，判定火焰之有無。因此，判定手段311，於火焰偵測部332根據複數個光感測元件303之輸出比例偵測火焰之情形，係根據複數個光感測元件303之輸出比例判定火焰之有無。又，在此，雖舉出使用複數個光感測元件303感測複數個波長帶之光之例進行說明，然而於能夠藉由單一光感測元件303感測複數個波長帶之光之情形，使用該單一光感測元件303取代複數個光感測元件303亦可。In the case where the flame detection part 332 has a plurality of light sensing elements 303 with different detection wavelength bands, the flame detection part 332 will detect the flame according to the output ratio of the plurality of light sensing elements 303. This output is a value indicating the result of light sensing. The aforementioned determination means 311 determines whether there is a flame based on the flame detection result of the flame detection unit 332. Therefore, when the flame detection unit 332 detects the flame based on the output ratio of the plurality of light sensing elements 303, the determination means 311 determines the presence or absence of the flame based on the output ratio of the plurality of light sensing elements 303. In addition, here, although an example in which a plurality of light sensing elements 303 is used to sense light of a plurality of wavelength bands is given for description, however, in a case where a single light sensing element 303 can sense light of a plurality of wavelength bands. , the single light sensing element 303 can also be used to replace the plurality of light sensing elements 303 .
例如，於火焰偵測部332具有感測第1波長帶之光之光感測元件303A，以及感測與第1波長帶不同之第2波長帶之光之光感測元件303B之情形，該火焰偵測部332亦稱為二波長感測器，根據光感測元件303A之輸出與光感測元件303B之輸出之比例偵測火焰。例如，於該比例滿足預定條件之情形，火焰偵測部332係偵測火焰。判定手段311，當藉由火焰偵測部332偵測到火焰，係判定有火焰。For example, in the case where the flame detection part 332 has a light sensing element 303A that senses light in a first wavelength band, and a light sensing element 303B that senses light in a second wavelength band that is different from the first wavelength band, the The flame detection part 332 is also called a two-wavelength sensor, and detects flames based on the ratio of the output of the light sensing element 303A to the output of the light sensing element 303B. For example, when the ratio meets the predetermined condition, the flame detection unit 332 detects the flame. The determination means 311 determines that there is a flame when the flame is detected by the flame detector 332.
例如，於火焰偵測部332具有感測第1波長帶之光之光感測元件303A、感測與第1波長帶不同之第2波長帶之光之光感測元件303B，以及感測與第1波長帶及第2波長帶不同之第3波長帶之光之光感測元件303C之情形，該火焰偵測部332，係根據光感測元件303A之輸出與光感測元件303B之輸出之比例、光感測元件303A之輸出與光感測元件303C之輸出之比例，以及光感測元件303B之輸出與光感測元件303C之輸出之比例偵測火焰。例如，於該比例滿足預定條件之情形，火焰偵測部332係偵測火焰。判定手段311，當藉由火焰偵測部332偵測到火焰，係判定有火焰。For example, the flame detection part 332 includes a light sensing element 303A that senses light in a first wavelength band, a light sensing element 303B that senses light in a second wavelength band that is different from the first wavelength band, and a light sensing element 303B that senses light in a second wavelength band that is different from the first wavelength band. In the case of the light sensing element 303C of the light of the third wavelength band that is different from the first wavelength band and the second wavelength band, the flame detection part 332 is based on the output of the light sensing element 303A and the output of the light sensing element 303B. The ratio of the output of the light sensing element 303A to the output of the light sensing element 303C, and the ratio of the output of the light sensing element 303B to the output of the light sensing element 303C detect flames. For example, when the ratio meets the predetermined condition, the flame detection unit 332 detects the flame. The determination means 311 determines that there is a flame when the flame is detected by the flame detector 332.
例如，於火焰偵測部332具有感測第1波長帶之光之光感測元件303A、303B及303C，以及感測與第1波長帶不同之第2波長帶之光之光感測元件303D之情形，該火焰偵測部332，係根據光感測元件303A～303C之輸出之平均與光感測元件303D之輸出之比例偵測火焰。例如，於該比例滿足預定條件之情形，火焰偵測部332係偵測火焰。判定手段311，當藉由火焰偵測部332偵測到火焰，係判定有火焰。於火焰偵測部332具有該等4個光感測元件303之情形，係於第1波長帶使光感測元件303A、303B及303C之輸出受到平均化，藉此減少雜訊。因此，即便火焰之偵測距離較長，亦能夠確保充分之S/N(Signal/Noise，訊號/雜訊)比。因此，於火焰偵測部332具有該等4個光感測元件303之情形，相較於具有2個光感測元件303之情形，能夠使火焰之偵測距離更長。For example, the flame detection part 332 includes light sensing elements 303A, 303B, and 303C that sense light in a first wavelength band, and a light sensing element 303D that senses light in a second wavelength band that is different from the first wavelength band. In this case, the flame detection unit 332 detects the flame based on the ratio of the average output of the light sensing elements 303A to 303C and the output of the light sensing element 303D. For example, when the ratio meets the predetermined condition, the flame detection unit 332 detects the flame. The determination means 311 determines that there is a flame when the flame is detected by the flame detector 332. When the flame detection part 332 has four photo-sensing elements 303, the outputs of the photo-sensing elements 303A, 303B and 303C are averaged in the first wavelength band, thereby reducing noise. Therefore, even if the flame detection distance is long, a sufficient S/N (Signal/Noise) ratio can be ensured. Therefore, when the flame detection part 332 has four light sensing elements 303, compared with the case of having two light sensing elements 303, the detection distance of the flame can be made longer.
