TW202346913A - Display panel and display device with switchable viewing angles wherein the display panel includes a transparent substrate structure and a grating part that has a plurality of arranged periodically gratings - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides a display panel with switchable viewing angles. The display panel is arranged opposite to a light source module and includes a transparent substrate structure and a grating part. The transparent substrate structure has a plurality of display pixels. The grating part is attached to one side of the transparent substrate structure and is located between the light source module and the display pixels. The grating part has a plurality of gratings arranged in a pattern, and these gratings define a plurality of grating light entrances. Each display pixel includes a first pixel area and a second pixel area, and the second pixel area is arranged opposite to the grating light entrances. The first pixel area is used for switching between displaying and non-displaying. The present invention also provides a display device.

Description

Display panel and display device with switchable viewing angles

The present invention provides a display panel and a display device, particularly a display panel and a display device with switchable viewing angles.

Due to the popularity of portable devices such as laptops, mobile assistants, and mobile phones, users often use the above-mentioned portable devices in public places to send private messages, process files, send emails, and other tasks. If users no longer want their private information to be peeked into by others when using a portable device, they must use anti-peep products to limit the display viewing angle of the monitor. A common privacy product is light control film (also known as privacy film). Light control film is an optical structural film with a micro-louver structure. When attached to the display, it can absorb the large-angle light emitted by the display and only allow small-angle light to pass through, making it impossible to see clearly from angles that are too large away from the front of the display. Monitor information.

In order to allow the display to switch between privacy mode and sharing mode, the industry has also developed technology to install a viewing angle switch inside the display.

The inventor believes that the conventional privacy protection film is inconvenient to switch between the privacy mode and the sharing mode and is not practical. Although a view switch built into the display was later proposed, when switching to the sharing mode, the viewing angle will change. The brightness compensation factor causes the forward brightness to decrease.

In view of the shortcomings of the conventional technology, the inventor proposes a display panel and a display device with switchable viewing angles, in order to achieve the purpose of switching between privacy and sharing modes while reducing light loss.

To achieve the above and other objectives, one aspect of the present invention provides a display panel with switchable viewing angles. The display panel is arranged opposite to a light source module and includes a transparent substrate structure and a grating part. The transparent substrate structure has a plurality of display pixels. The grating part is attached to one side of the transparent substrate structure and is located between the light source module and the display pixels. The grating part has a plurality of gratings arranged periodically, and the gratings define a plurality of grating light entrances. Each display pixel includes a first pixel area and a second pixel area. The second pixel area is arranged opposite to the grating light entrances. The first pixel area is used for displaying and non-displaying. Switch between crops.

Another aspect of the present invention provides a display device with switchable viewing angles, including the above-mentioned display panel and a light source module.

In one embodiment, the grating portion is attached to a bottom surface of the transparent substrate structure facing the light source module.

In one embodiment, the transparent substrate structure includes a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate, the display pixels are located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate, and the first transparent substrate faces the The light source module is provided with the grating part.

In one embodiment, the transparent substrate structure further includes a transparent grating substrate, the grating part is attached to one side of the grating substrate, and there is a transparent adhesive layer between the first transparent substrate and the grating substrate.

In one embodiment, the transparent substrate structure has a light incident surface facing the light source module and a light exit surface away from the light source module. A polarizer is respectively provided on the light incident surface and the light exit surface.

In one embodiment, each grating of the grating portion has a light absorbing portion.

In one embodiment, the brightness difference of the light emitted from the display device corresponding to a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle is within 10%.

In one embodiment, the second pixel area is located within the first pixel area. In a cross-sectional view, the ratio of the width of the second pixel area to the width of the first pixel areas on both sides is between 0.5 and 2, and the period of the grating of the grating part is approximately equal to the period of the display pixels, The ratio of the width of the grating light entrance to the period of the grating is between 0.3 and 0.8, and the ratio of the period of the grating to the distance from the display pixels to the grating part is between 1 and 2.

Thereby, the display panel and display device with switchable viewing angles according to the embodiment of the present invention can achieve anti-peep function while reducing light loss through the grating portion and the first pixel area that can be manipulated and has a switchable mode. , and facilitate the effect of switching between sharing and privacy modes.

In order to fully understand the purpose, characteristics and effects of the present invention, the present invention is described in detail through the following specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings, as follows:

Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 5 . As shown in the figures, one aspect of the present invention provides a display panel 101 with switchable viewing angles, which is disposed opposite a light source module 102 and includes a transparent substrate structure 106 and a grating portion 104 . The transparent substrate structure 106 has a plurality of display pixels PX. The grating part 104 is attached to one side of the transparent substrate structure 106 and is located between the light source module 102 and the display pixels PX. This grating unit 104 has a plurality of gratings 108 . The gratings 108 are arranged periodically and define a plurality of grating light entrances 109 . Each display pixel PX includes a first pixel area PX1 and a second pixel area PX2. The second pixel area PX2 is arranged opposite to the grating light entrances 109. The first pixel area PX1 can be switched between display and non-display, thereby changing the display viewing angle of the display panel 101 to a wide viewing angle ( Switch between a narrow viewing angle (as shown in Figure 5) and a narrow viewing angle (as shown in Figure 4). Another aspect of the present invention provides a display device 100 with switchable viewing angles, including the above-mentioned display panel 101 and a light source module 102 . The light source module 102 may be a side-emitting or direct light-emitting diode light source module, or a cold cathode tube light source module. The first pixel area PX1 and the second pixel area PX2 can be different areas in the same pixel, that is, the display pixel PX is a single pixel and is separated by the first pixel area PX1 and the second pixel Area PX2. However, the first pixel area PX1 and the second pixel area PX2 may also represent different pixels, that is, the area of the display pixel The second pixel area PX2 of the pixel.

As mentioned above, the display panel 101 and the display device 100 with switchable viewing angles according to the embodiment of the present invention can achieve a reduction in the number of pixels through the grating portion 104 and the first pixel area PX1 that is switchable and can be operated by the user. It achieves anti-peep function under light loss and facilitates switching between sharing and anti-peep mode.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , the transparent substrate structure 106 includes a first transparent substrate 111 and a second transparent substrate 112 . The display pixels PX are located between the first transparent substrate 111 and the second transparent substrate 112 . The display of the second pixel area PX2 does not change with the switching of the viewing angle mode of the display panel 101 . The first pixel area PX1 switches between display and non-display as the viewing angle mode of the display panel 101 switches. When the wide viewing angle is displayed, that is, in the sharing mode, the first pixel area PX1 and the second pixel area PX2 of the display pixel PX both display information. At this time, the first pixel area PX1 and the second pixel area PX2 have the same color and brightness. In the narrow viewing angle, that is, in the privacy mode, the second pixel area PX2 keeps displaying information, and the first pixel area PX1 is displayed off. The first pixel area PX1 can be turned off by providing an L0 signal or a full black signal to the first pixel area PX1. The first transparent substrate 111 faces the light source module 102 and is provided with the grating portion 104 (as shown in FIG. 1 ) or connected to the grating portion 104 (as shown in FIG. 2 ). Specifically, the display pixels PX can form a color filter film (not shown) including red, blue, green and other pigments on the bottom surface of the second transparent substrate 112 through a semiconductor process, so that the display device 100 can A color image is displayed, and corresponding circuits (not shown), electrodes (not shown), transistors (not shown), liquid crystal materials (not shown) and other components are provided. The second transparent substrate 112 may be called color filter glass. The first transparent substrate 111 is used to provide circuit structures such as circuits (not shown) and thin film transistors (TFT, not shown). Since using thin film transistors to control liquid crystals has become the mainstream of liquid crystal displays, the first transparent substrate 111 Also often called TFT glass. The first transparent substrate 111 and the second transparent substrate 112 can be made of silicon dioxide (SiO ₂ ), aluminum oxide (Al ₂ O ₃ ), boron oxide (B ₂ O ₃ ), barium oxide (BaO) and other raw materials. Alkali-free glass made by flow melting. Components such as transparent electrodes (not shown), black matrix (BM, not shown), and support structures (not shown) are disposed between the first transparent substrate 111 and the second transparent substrate 112 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , in one embodiment, the grating part 104 is attached to a light incident surface 106 b of the transparent substrate structure 106 facing the light source module 102 . In FIG. 1 , the grating part 104 is directly attached to the light incident surface 106 b, and the grating part 104 can be embedded in the first transparent substrate 111 through processes such as development, etching, and grinding. However, in FIG. 2 , the transparent substrate structure 106 further includes a transparent grating substrate 113 . The grating portion 104 can be formed on the grating substrate 113 first, and then the grating substrate 113 with the grating portion 104 is adhered to the bottom surface of the first transparent substrate 112 through a transparent adhesive layer 114 (for example, optical glue). The manufacturing process corresponding to the structure of FIG. 2 is conducive to the automation of the production line and reduces the number of flipping of the transparent substrate structure 106 required in the overall manufacturing process. The grating substrate 113 may be made of the same material as the first transparent substrate 111 and the second transparent substrate 112 .

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , in one embodiment, each grating 108 of the grating part 104 has a reflective part 116 facing the light source module 102 and a light absorbing part 117 away from the light source module 102 . The light absorbing part 117 has a grating effect, and the light reflecting part 116 can increase the light utilization efficiency. The reflective part 116 and the light absorbing part 117 may be films or coatings. The material of the light absorbing part 117 may include ink, black matrix, black chromium (Cr) coating, etc. The material of the reflective part 116 may include a white reflector, such as white ink or similar coating; or a metal coating, such as aluminum, silver, etc. In addition to the light incident surface 106b facing the light source module 102, the transparent substrate structure 106 also has a light exit surface 106a away from the light source module 102. The first transparent substrate 111 has a thickness (approximately equivalent to the distance D1) of approximately 0.1~0.7mm, and the second transparent substrate 112 has a thickness D2 of approximately 0.05~0.4mm. The second pixel area PX2 is located in the second pixel area PX1. In a cross-sectional view, the ratio of the width W1 of the second pixel area PX2 to the width W2 of the first pixel areas PX1 on both sides is between 0.5 and 2. The period P1 of the grating 108 of the grating part 104 is substantially equal to the period P2 of the display pixels PX (ie, the period of the first pixel area PX1 or the second pixel area PX2). The ratio of the width W3 of the grating light entrance 109 to the periods of the gratings 108 is between 0.3 and 0.8. The ratio of the periods of the gratings 108 to the distance D1 from the display pixels PX to the grating part 104 can be Between 1 and 2. The first pixel area PX1 and the second pixel area PX2 of the display pixel PX are both provided with transparent electrodes (not shown) of metal oxide, such as indium tin oxide (ITO), to be electrically connected to the first pixel area PX1 and the second pixel area PX2. Circuit on transparent substrate 111. A polarizer 115 is respectively provided on the light incident surface 106b and the light exit surface 106a.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the light source module 102 can provide uniformly mixed light L to the display panel 101 when powered on. In any mode, the light L can pass through the second pixel area PX2. However, in Figure 4 , when the first pixel area PX1 is turned off (making its signal L0 or giving a full black signal), the light L cannot pass through the first pixel area PX1, plus the aforementioned period of the grating 108 and the display The ratio of the distance from the pixel PX to the grating portion 104 and other configurations cause the effect of a narrow viewing angle in Figure 4 . In FIG. 5 , although the light L is partially blocked by the grating part 104 , it can pass through the first pixel area PX1 , plus the aforementioned period of the grating 108 and the distance from the display pixels PX to the grating part 104 . The ratio of the distance D1 and other configurations enable Figure 5 to have a wide viewing angle effect.

As shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 3 is a measured distribution diagram of the brightness relative to the viewing angle of the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention. The solid line part is the narrow viewing angle, that is, privacy mode. When it deviates 45 degrees from the forward direction, there is no light. The dotted line is the wide viewing angle, which is the sharing mode. After actual measurement, it was found that the brightness difference of the light emitted from the display device 100 in Figures 1 and 2 corresponding to the wide viewing angle and the narrow viewing angle is within 10%. Therefore, it can be determined that the display device according to the embodiment of the present invention is performing privacy protection and When switching between sharing modes, there will be no excessive light loss in the forward direction.

The present invention has been disclosed above with preferred embodiments. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and should not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that any changes and substitutions that are equivalent to this embodiment should be considered to be within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the scope of the patent application.

100:Display device 101:Display panel 102:Light source module 104:Grating part 106:Transparent substrate structure 106a: light-emitting surface 106b: light incident surface 108:Grating 109:Grating light entrance 111: First transparent substrate 112: Second transparent substrate 113:Grating substrate 114:Transparent adhesive layer 115:Polarizer 116: Reflective part 117:Light absorption part D1: distance D2:Thickness L:Light P1: period of grating P2: Display pixel period PX: display pixel PX1: first pixel area PX2: second pixel area W1: Width of the second pixel area W2: Width of the first pixel area W3: Width of grating light entrance

FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of a display device with switchable viewing angles according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an exploded schematic second view of a display device with switchable viewing angles according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a distribution diagram of brightness relative to viewing angles corresponding to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram 1 of the operation of a display device with switchable viewing angles according to a specific embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a second operational schematic diagram of a display device with switchable viewing angles according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

100:Display device

101:Display panel

102:Light source module

104:Grating part

106:Transparent substrate structure

106a: light-emitting surface

106b: light incident surface

108:Grating

109:Grating light entrance

111: First transparent substrate

112: Second transparent substrate

115:Polarizer

116: Reflective part

117:Light absorption part

D1: distance

D2:Thickness

P1: period of grating

P2: Display pixel period

PX: display pixel

PX1: first pixel area

PX2: second pixel area

W1: Width of the second pixel area

W2: Width of the first pixel area

W3: Width of grating light entrance

Claims (10)

A display panel with switchable viewing angles is provided opposite to a light source module and includes: a transparent substrate structure having a plurality of display pixels; and A grating portion is attached to one side of the transparent substrate structure and is located between the light source module and the display pixels. The grating portion has a plurality of gratings arranged periodically, and the gratings define a plurality of gratings for incident light. mouth; Wherein, each of the display pixels includes a first pixel area and a second pixel area, the second pixel area is arranged opposite to the grating light entrances, and the first pixel area is used for display and non-display. Switch between displays. The display panel with switchable viewing angles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the grating part is attached to a bottom surface of the transparent substrate structure facing the light source module. The display panel with switchable viewing angles as claimed in claim 2, wherein the transparent substrate structure includes a first transparent substrate and a second transparent substrate, and the display pixels are located between the first transparent substrate and the second transparent substrate. During this period, the first transparent substrate faces the light source module and is provided with the grating portion. The display panel with switchable viewing angles as claimed in claim 3, wherein the transparent substrate structure further includes a transparent grating substrate, the grating part is attached to one side of the grating substrate, and the first transparent substrate and the grating substrate There is a transparent adhesive layer between them. The display panel with switchable viewing angles as claimed in claim 3 or 4, wherein the transparent substrate structure has a light incident surface facing the light source module and a light exit surface away from the light source module, and the light incident surface is in contact with the light source module. A polarizer is respectively provided on the light-emitting surface. The display panel with switchable viewing angles as claimed in claim 1, wherein each grating of the grating part has a light absorbing part. The display panel with switchable viewing angle as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first pixel area is used to switch the viewing angle of the switchable display panel. The display panel with switchable viewing angles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second pixel area is located within the first pixel area, and in a cross-sectional view, the width of the second pixel area is equal to that of the first pixels on both sides. The ratio of the width of the area is between 0.5 and 2. The period of the grating of the grating part is roughly equal to the period of the display pixels. The ratio of the width of the grating entrance to the period of the grating is between 0.3 and 0.8. The ratio of the period of the gratings to the distance from the display pixels to the grating part is between 1 and 2. The display panel with switchable viewing angles as claimed in claim 1, wherein the brightness difference of the light emitted from the display device corresponding to a wide viewing angle and a narrow viewing angle is within 10%. A display device with switchable viewing angles, which includes the display panel and light source module described in any one of claims 1-9.

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