TW202338174A - Biocomposite fiber and method for manufacturing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

A biodegradable biocomposite fiber is provided, including: at least one bio-mass material and at least one organic compatibilizer. The at least one bio-mass material includes at least one of bio-polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS), polylactic acid (PLA) and poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT); and the at least one organic compatibilizer includes at least one of glycerol, montan wax, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), tributyl citrate (TBC) and epoxidized soybean oil (ESO). A method for manufacturing the biocomposite fiber as described above is further provided. The biocomposite fiber made by pre-oriented yarn (POY) or meltblowing is applicable to various textiles to replace synthetic fibers made from petrochemicals.

Description

Biomass composite fiber and its preparation method

The present invention relates to composite fibers, and in particular to a biomass composite fiber that can be decomposed by microorganisms and a preparation method thereof.

Since the production of synthetic chemical fibers produced from petrochemicals, textiles and supplies have been used in every aspect of daily life. Nowadays, these chemical fibers have caused serious impact on environmental pollution and ecological damage. How to improve this situation to allow the sustainable development of the human environment has been It is one of the top priority issues.

Polylactic acid (PLA) was spun into textiles at the beginning of this century and has attracted global attention. This bio-mass material can replace bulk chemical fiber products produced by the traditional petrochemical industry, such as: five plastics, poly Ester blends...etc.

Recently, as the public's awareness of environmental protection has increased, the spinning formula and manufacturing process of biomass raw materials have attracted attention and vigorously developed new products. Only commonly used organic solvent hot-melt spun filaments, high-temperature melt-blown short filaments or continuous filaments are beneficial to energy saving and reduction. Carbon is trending in the opposite direction.

Therefore, it is necessary to provide a low melting point, solvent-free, multi-functional green biomass composite fiber and its preparation method to solve the above problems.

The main purpose of the present invention is to provide a biomass composite fiber and a manufacturing method thereof. The biomass composite fiber is completely biodegradable.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a biocomposite fiber, which includes: at least a biopolymer and at least one organic compatibilizer. The at least biopolymer includes polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS), polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate (Poly( butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), PBAT) at least one of them. The at least one organic compatibilizer includes glycerol (Glycerol), Montan wax (Montan wax), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Tributyl citrate (TBC) and epoxidized soybean oil, ESO) at least one of them. Wherein, in the biomass composite fiber, the weight percentage of the at least biopolymer is not less than 80wt.%, and the weight percentage of the at least one organic compatibilizer is between 1wt.% and 10wt.%.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention also provides a method for making biomass composite fibers, which includes the following steps: preparing a premix, which includes no less than 80wt.% of at least biopolymer and 1wt.% to 10wt. % of at least one organic compatibilizer; heat and melt the premix to form a melt; and spin the melt to form biomass composite fibers. Wherein, the at least one biopolymer includes one material selected from at least one of polybutylene succinate, polylactic acid and polybutylene adipate-terephthalol; the at least one organic compatibilizer It includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of glycerin, montan wax, polyvinyl alcohol, butyric acid citrate and epoxidized soybean oil.

The following examples are only used to illustrate the possible implementation modes of the present invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

The biocomposite fiber of the present invention includes at least a biopolymer and at least one organic compatibilizer. The at least biopolymer includes polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS), polylactic acid (PLA) and polybutylene adipate (Poly( butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), PBAT) at least one of them. The at least one organic compatibilizer includes glycerol (Glycerol), Montan wax (Montan wax), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Tributyl citrate (TBC) and epoxidized soybean oil, ESO) at least one of them. Wherein, in the biomass composite fiber, the weight percentage of the at least biopolymer is not less than 80wt.%, and the weight percentage of the at least one organic compatibilizer is between 1wt.% and 10wt.%. Thus, the biocomposite fiber can be applied to a variety of textiles, such as but not limited to clothes, diapers, sanitary napkins, sheets, quilt covers, wet wipes, etc., and can be decomposed and dissolved in normal environments. It disappears completely in the soil. It is completely environmentally friendly, non-toxic and high-quality new material. It meets the requirements of today's green environmental protection and helps maintain the natural ecology and the world trend of sustainable development.

Preferably, the biomass composite fiber also includes a plurality of filling particles, such as but not in the form of powder, particles, irregular particles, etc., and the weight percentage of the plurality of filling particles in the biomass composite fiber is between 0.5wt.%. to 5wt.%; the plurality of filling particles includes at least one of nanometer calcium carbonate and calcium oxide, which is light in weight and can increase the strength of the biomass composite fiber.

Preferably, the biocomposite fiber further includes a bacteriostatic agent, and the weight percentage of the bacteriostatic agent in the biocomposite fiber is between 1wt.% and 10wt.% to provide insect repellent and deodorizing effects. The bacteriostatic agent includes at least one of Distilled pyroligneous acid, Distilled bamboo vinegar, Vinegar powder, and Camellia washing powder as An active ingredient that is natural and environmentally friendly after decomposition. The bacteriostatic agent further includes at least one of glycerin, Triton X-100 and tributyl citrate as an auxiliary agent, so that the bacteriostatic agent and the at least biogenic material have better compatibility and can be uniformly distributed. The additives may also include, but are not limited to, surfactants such as Tween series, Span series, etc., which can be combined and selected according to material requirements.

Specifically, in the biocomposite fiber, the weight percentage of the at least biopolymer ranges from 90wt.% to 97wt.%, and the weight percentage of the at least one organic compatibilizer ranges from 1.5wt.% to 7wt.%. , the weight percentage of the plurality of filling particles is between 0.5wt.% and 2.5wt.%, and the weight percentage of the bacteriostatic agent is between 1wt.% and 6wt.%, whereby the entire biomass composite fiber is biodegradable The material is environmentally friendly, has good strength, and also has insect-proof and deodorizing effects.

The present invention also provides a method for manufacturing biomass composite fibers, which is used to manufacture the biomass composite fibers as mentioned above, including the following steps:

Prepare a premix, which includes no less than 80 wt.% of the at least one biopolymer and 1 to 10 wt.% of the at least one organic compatibilizer. Furthermore, the premix is formed by mixing the at least biopolymer and the at least one organic compatibilizer, and selectively adding at least one of the bacteriostatic agent and the plurality of filling particles; in addition, the mixing is not less than 60wt.% of the active ingredient and an auxiliary are heated at a heating temperature for at least 3 hours to form the bacteriostatic agent. The heating temperature is between 62°C and 74°C, thereby increasing the bacteriostatic agent and the at least 100% bacteriostatic agent. Improve the compatibility of biopolymers while avoiding damage to their active ingredients.

The premix is heated to melt to form a melt. Preferably, the Melt Flow Index (MI) of the melt at 190°C is controlled between 30gm/10min and 55gm/10min (load of 2.16kg), so as to have appropriate fluidity and facilitate subsequent formation. Long yarn, short yarn, etc. are not easy to break.

The melt is spun to form the biomass composite fiber. The melt can be formed into the biocomposite fiber through spinning processes such as drawing, pre-oriented yarn (POY), and melt blowing. In addition, the melt can also be formed into initial pellets by a pelletizer for easy storage, transportation, etc., and subsequent spinning is also possible.

The present invention will be further described below based on examples.

Example 1:

Weigh 97wt.% polybutylene adipate terephthalate raw material particles, 2.5wt.% polyvinyl alcohol and 0.5wt.% epoxidized soybean oil that have been dried to less than 100ppm moisture, and put them into a mixer together. After thoroughly mixing the premix, pour it into one of the feeding funnels of a filament extruder, and start the filament extruder to start heating up.

When the heating section of the filament extruder reaches a set temperature, a screw of the filament extruder is started to squeeze the molten premix through two spinnerets with a total of 72 holes, thereby extruding a continuous plurality of long The long filaments are solidified in an air-cooling channel and then pinched and pressed into a twisting oil base to form a single filament bundle, which constitutes the biomass composite fiber. The biomass composite fiber is drawn on a winding wheel set The yarn is then wrapped around a yarn tube; the spinning speed is adjusted to about 340m/min. In this way, the biocomposite fiber can be spun by the pre-oriented yarn method. The biocomposite fiber is a bright silver-white filament with a yarn roll of about 13.2dpf (Denier per Filament).

Example 2:

Weigh the dried polybutylene adipate-terephthalate 80wt.%, polylactic acid 12wt.%, polyvinyl alcohol 4wt.%, mondan wax 0.5wt.%, and soybean epoxy oil 1.5wt. .% and nanometer calcium carbonate 2wt.%, put them into a high-speed mixer in sequence to mix evenly into the premix.

Pour the above premix into one of the feeding funnels of the twin-screw granulator and start heating. When one of the heating sections of the twin-screw granulator reaches a set temperature, the premix is sequentially stretched, cooled and cut to produce a plurality of initial pellets. Among them, the melt index of the premix at 190°C and a load of 2.16kg is approximately 39.2gm/10min.

Put the plurality of initial pellets into a feeding funnel of a spinning machine. When a heating section of the spinning machine reaches a set temperature, the molten premix is extruded into a plurality of continuous filaments. The filaments are solidified to form the biocomposite fiber, and the plurality of filaments are wound on a yarn tube through a winding wheel; the spinning speed is controlled to be about 300m/min to 400m/min. The biocomposite fiber is a white yarn roll with a fineness of about 10dpf.

Example 3:

Use a measuring cylinder to measure 75wt.% of the distilled wood vinegar, and another 25wt.% of anhydrous glycerin. Put the two together into a 1L beaker and start heating and stirring to form a mixture. Control the mixture at 62°C. Cook at 68°C for 4 hours until the weight is reduced to about 80wt.% of the original, then stop stirring and heating. After cooling, the bacteriostatic agent becomes a natural biological agent.

Weigh the dried polybutylene adipate-terephthalate 75wt.%, polylactic acid 15wt.%, polyvinyl alcohol 4.5wt.%, mondan wax 0.5wt.%, and epoxidized soybean oil 1.8 wt.%, nanometer calcium carbonate 1.2wt.% and the aforementioned bacteriostatic agent 2wt.%, put the aforementioned materials into a high-speed mixer in order and mix evenly to form the premix.

Pour the aforementioned premix into one of the feeding hoppers of the twin-screw granulator. When one of the heating sections of the twin-screw granulator reaches a set temperature, start to draw the premix in sequence. , cooling and cutting processing to produce multiple initial pellets. Among them, the average value of the four melt indices of the premix under a load of 190°C and 2.16kg is approximately 49gm/10min.

Put the plurality of initial pellets into a feeding funnel of a spinning machine. When a heating section of the spinning machine reaches a set temperature, the molten premix is squeezed through a spinneret to extrude a continuous The plurality of fine and drooping filaments are bundled into a twisting oil base to form a single filament bundle to form the biocomposite fiber. The biocomposite fiber is drawn around three to four pairs of winders at a fixed speed. The wheel set is then wrapped around a yarn tube; the biomass composite fiber is a yarn roll with a fineness of about 5.5dpf, a light honey brown color, and a wood vinegar smell.

Example 4:

Weigh 60wt.% of distilled wood vinegar, 1.5wt.% of surfactant and 38.5wt.% of tributyl citrate, put them into a 1L beaker and start heating and stirring to form a mixture. Control the mixture. Cook at 69°C to 74°C for 4 hours until the weight is reduced to about 50wt.% of the original, then stop stirring and heating. After cooling, the bacteriostatic agent is a natural biological agent.

Weigh the dried polybutylene succinate 30wt.%, polybutylene adipate-terephthalol 40wt.%, polylactic acid 22wt.%, polyvinyl alcohol 3wt.% and the aforementioned Bacteriostatic agent 5wt.%, put the aforementioned materials into a high-speed mixer in order and mix evenly to form the premix.

Pour the aforementioned premix into one of the feeding hoppers of the twin-screw granulator. When one of the heating sections of the twin-screw granulator reaches a set temperature, start to draw the premix in sequence. , cooling and cutting processing to produce multiple initial pellets. Among them, the average value of the four melt indices of the premix under a load of 2.16kg at 190°C is approximately 47.3gm/10min.

Put the plurality of initial pellets into a feed funnel of a melt-blown machine. When a heating section of the melt-blown machine reaches a set temperature, rotate the screw to adjust the jet pressure of the melt-blown machine to allow the melted plurality of pellets to melt. The initial material pellets are squeezed through a T-shaped melt-blown die head, and the short filament flow blown out is attached to a certain speed negative suction conveyor belt, and then wound into a non-woven silk cake by a rolling roller group.

without

without

Claims (10)

A biomass composite fiber, including: At least biopolymers, including Bio-Polybutylene succinate (Bio-PBS), Polylactic acid (PLA) and Poly( butylene adipate-co-terephthalate), PBAT) at least one; and At least one organic compatibilizer, including glycerol (Glycerol), Montan wax (Montan wax), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), Tributyl citrate (TBC) and epoxidized soybean oil, ESO) at least one of them; Wherein, in the biomass composite fiber, the weight percentage of the at least biopolymer is not less than 80wt.%, and the weight percentage of the at least one organic compatibilizer is between 1wt.% and 10wt.%. The biomass composite fiber according to claim 1 further includes a plurality of filling particles, wherein the weight percentage of the plurality of filling particles in the biomass composite fiber is between 0.5wt.% and 5wt.%. The biocomposite fiber according to claim 1 further includes a bacteriostatic agent, wherein the weight percentage of the bacteriostatic agent in the biomass composite fiber is between 1wt.% and 10wt.%. The biomass composite fiber as described in claim 3, wherein the bacteriostatic agent includes Distilled pyroligneous acid, Distilled bamboo vinegar, Vinegar powder, bitter tea Seed powder (Camellia washing powder) at least one of them. The biomass composite fiber according to claim 4, wherein the bacteriostatic agent further includes at least one of glycerin, Triton X-100 and tributyl citrate. The biomass composite fiber of claim 4 further includes a plurality of filling particles, wherein in the biomass composite fiber, the weight percentage of the at least biopolymer is between 90wt.% and 97wt.%, and the at least one organic The weight percentage of the compatibilizer ranges from 1.5wt.% to 7wt.%, the weight percentage of the plurality of filling particles ranges from 0.5wt.% to 2.5wt.%, and the weight percentage of the bacteriostatic agent ranges from 1wt.% to 6wt. .%; the plurality of filling particles includes at least one of nanometer calcium carbonate and calcium oxide; and the bacteriostatic agent includes wood vinegar. A method for producing biomass composite fiber, including the following steps: Prepare a premix, which includes no less than 80 wt.% of at least a biopolymer and 1 to 10 wt.% of at least one organic compatibilizer; heating and melting the premix to form a melt; and Spinning the melt to form biomass composite fibers; Wherein, the at least one biopolymer includes one material selected from at least one of polybutylene succinate, polylactic acid and polybutylene adipate-terephthalol; the at least one organic compatibilizer It includes at least one material selected from the group consisting of glycerin, montan wax, polyvinyl alcohol, butyric acid citrate and epoxidized soybean oil. The method for making biomass composite fibers as described in claim 7, wherein the melt index (Melt Flow Index, MI) of the melt at 190°C is controlled between 30gm/10min and 55gm/10min. The method for producing biomass composite fiber as claimed in claim 7, wherein at least one of the biomass polymer and the at least one organic compatibilizer is mixed, and at least one of a bacteriostatic agent and a plurality of filling particles is selectively added. The premix is formed; the bacteriostatic agent includes at least one active ingredient selected from the group consisting of distilled wood vinegar, distilled bamboo vinegar, wood vinegar powder, and bitter tea seed powder; and the plurality of filling particles are selected from naphthalene. At least one of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide. The method for making biomass composite fiber as described in claim 9, wherein no less than 60wt.% of the active ingredient and an auxiliary are mixed and heated at a heating temperature for at least 3 hours to form the bacteriostatic agent, and the heating temperature is between Between 62°C and 74°C, the additive is selected from at least one of glycerol, Triton X-100 and tributyl citrate.