TW202336248A - Method for creating a passivating oxide layer on a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell - Google Patents

Method for creating a passivating oxide layer on a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell Download PDF

Info

Publication number
TW202336248A
TW202336248A TW111148862A TW111148862A TW202336248A TW 202336248 A TW202336248 A TW 202336248A TW 111148862 A TW111148862 A TW 111148862A TW 111148862 A TW111148862 A TW 111148862A TW 202336248 A TW202336248 A TW 202336248A
Authority
TW
Taiwan
Prior art keywords
stainless steel
steel component
component
donor
heat treatment
Prior art date
Application number
TW111148862A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
湯瑪斯 沃勒
湯瑪斯 沃登邁爾
洛塔 福斯特
Original Assignee
英商席瑞絲知識產權有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 英商席瑞絲知識產權有限公司 filed Critical 英商席瑞絲知識產權有限公司
Publication of TW202336248A publication Critical patent/TW202336248A/en

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
    • H01M8/0208—Alloys
    • H01M8/021—Alloys based on iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
    • C23C10/38—Chromising
    • C23C10/40—Chromising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
    • C23C10/48—Aluminising
    • C23C10/50—Aluminising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/52—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in one step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/52—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in one step
    • C23C10/54—Diffusion of at least chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/52—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in one step
    • C23C10/54—Diffusion of at least chromium
    • C23C10/56—Diffusion of at least chromium and at least aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/58—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in more than one step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/60—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/10—Oxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/10—Oxidising
    • C23C8/12—Oxidising using elemental oxygen or ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
    • C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
    • C25B11/032—Gas diffusion electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223—Composites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223—Composites
    • H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0241—Composites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0241—Composites
    • H01M8/0245—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1097—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/1286—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for creating a passivating oxide layer on a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell and to a method for manufacturing an electrochemical cell.

Description

電化電池不鏽鋼組件鈍化氧化物層之製作方法Method for producing passivation oxide layer of stainless steel components of electrochemical cells

本發明係關於電化電池領域，具體而言係關於金屬支撐型電化電池。更詳言之，本發明係關於固態氧化物電池領域，包括金屬支撐型固態氧化物電池。The present invention relates to the field of electrochemical cells, specifically to metal-supported electrochemical cells. More specifically, the present invention relates to the field of solid oxide batteries, including metal-supported solid oxide batteries.

固態氧化物電池(SOC)包含三個基本部分，即通常為分層設置之燃料電極、固態電解質及空氣或氧化劑電極，其可採管狀或平面配置。將多個平面固態氧化物電池單元彼此疊置可形成「堆」，其中個別電池單元呈電性串聯。SOC之運作溫度通常為600 °C至1000 °C。A solid oxide battery (SOC) consists of three basic parts, namely a fuel electrode, a solid electrolyte, and an air or oxidant electrode that are usually arranged in a layered manner, which can be arranged in a tubular or planar configuration. Multiple planar solid oxide battery cells are stacked on top of each other to form a "stack" in which the individual cells are electrically connected in series. The operating temperature of SOC is usually 600 °C to 1000 °C.

SOC可採用固態氧化物燃料電池(SOFC)或固態氧化物電解器電池(SOEC)之方式運行。SOFC係可將電化燃料轉換為電力之能量轉換裝置。詳言之，SOFC藉由電化轉換程序使燃料氧化而產生電力。此程序之進行係使燃料或重組燃料與燃料電極接觸，並使例如空氣或富氧流體等氧化劑與氧化劑電極接觸。而後固態氧化物電解質將負氧離子自氧化劑電極傳導至燃料電極。因此，於SOFC中，燃料電極構成陽極而空氣或氧化劑電極構成陰極。SOEC則是以與SOFC相反模式所運作之SOC，通常用於將水電解而產生氫及氧氣。在SOEC中是以燃料電極構成陰極而空氣或氧化劑電極構成陽極。SOC can operate as a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) or a solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC). SOFC is an energy conversion device that can convert electrochemical fuel into electricity. Specifically, SOFC generates electricity by oxidizing fuel through an electrochemical conversion process. This process is performed by bringing the fuel or recombinant fuel into contact with the fuel electrode and bringing an oxidant, such as air or an oxygen-rich fluid, into contact with the oxidant electrode. The solid oxide electrolyte then conducts negative oxygen ions from the oxidizer electrode to the fuel electrode. Therefore, in a SOFC, the fuel electrode constitutes the anode and the air or oxidant electrode constitutes the cathode. SOEC is a SOC that operates in the opposite mode to SOFC and is usually used to electrolyze water to produce hydrogen and oxygen. In SOEC, the fuel electrode constitutes the cathode and the air or oxidant electrode constitutes the anode.

燃料電極、固態電解質及空氣或氧化劑電極可為自支撐結構(「電解質支撐型」、「陰極支撐型」或「陽極支撐型」SOC)或分層排列在機械性支座上。就現代SOC中之機械性支座及其他電池重複單位構成組件(例如分隔板、互連組件或間隔板或集電片)而言，以不鏽鋼為材質具有多種優於如陶瓷等習用材料之益處。詳言之，不鏽鋼材質之機械性支座更有利於SOC之緊密設計，因而具有提高功率密度之優點。此種SOC通常稱為金屬支撐型SOC (「MS-SOC」)。MS-SOC中之機械性支座可為以粉末金屬前驅物(例如藉由刮刀成形方式產生)所形成之本質多孔金屬基材製成。或更佳者，所述機械性支座上是在金屬支板上設置受非多孔(實心)區域包圍之具有穿孔或小洞之多孔區域。多孔區域貫穿金屬支板，燃料電極層塗覆於此區域上，其上在依序塗覆其他層體，因而金屬基板可發揮支撐此等堆疊層體之效。The fuel electrode, solid electrolyte and air or oxidant electrode can be a self-supporting structure ("electrolyte supported", "cathode supported" or "anode supported" SOC) or arranged in layers on a mechanical support. For the mechanical supports and other battery repeating unit components in modern SOCs (such as separators, interconnect components or spacers or current collectors), stainless steel has many advantages over conventional materials such as ceramics. Benefits. Specifically, the mechanical support made of stainless steel is more conducive to the compact design of the SOC, thus having the advantage of increasing power density. This type of SOC is often called a metal-supported SOC ("MS-SOC"). The mechanical support in MS-SOC can be made from an intrinsically porous metal substrate formed from a powdered metal precursor (eg, produced by doctor blade forming). Or better yet, the mechanical support is provided with a porous area with perforations or holes surrounded by a non-porous (solid) area on a metal support plate. The porous area penetrates the metal support plate, the fuel electrode layer is coated on this area, and other layers are coated on it in sequence, so the metal substrate can play the role of supporting these stacked layers.

然而，在SOC中採用不鏽鋼材有其缺點，亦即，以一般鋼材製作之組件在SOC運作條件(例如氧化氣氛及550 - 700 °C之溫度範圍)下容易發生腐蝕，尤其是氧化，因而對SOC壽命產生不利影響。此外，鉻從不銹鋼組件中揮發可能導致陽極鉻中毒，從而導致燃料電池退化。為避免腐蝕，通常會採用特殊之抗蝕不鏽鋼，例如Hitachi ZMG 232 G10、Sandvik Sanergy HT、Crofer 22 APU、Plansee ITM，但此類特殊鋼材價格較一般等級鋼材昂貴。一種已知替代辦法為採用標準等級不鏽鋼，並於其上設置防蝕層。但目前之塗層設置方式通常需要使用昂貴設備，因而與標準等級鋼材相較之下在價格方面更顯劣勢。此外，亦可使用表面形成有氧化鋁保護層之含鋁鐵素體不鏽鋼(例如1.4742)，但氧化鋁之電性絕緣效應可能降低SOC之效率。隨使用時間增加，鋁原子逐漸擴散至表面並導致鋁層加厚時，上述問題將更為顯著。However, the use of stainless steel in SOC has its disadvantages, that is, components made of ordinary steel are prone to corrosion, especially oxidation, under SOC operating conditions (such as oxidizing atmosphere and temperature range of 550 - 700 °C). Adversely affects SOC life. In addition, chromium volatilization from stainless steel components may lead to chromium poisoning of the anode, resulting in fuel cell degradation. To avoid corrosion, special corrosion-resistant stainless steels are usually used, such as Hitachi ZMG 232 G10, Sandvik Sanergy HT, Crofer 22 APU, and Plansee ITM. However, such special steels are more expensive than general grades of steel. One known alternative is to use a standard grade of stainless steel and provide a corrosion protection layer over it. However, current coating application methods often require the use of expensive equipment, making them more expensive than standard grades of steel. In addition, aluminum-containing ferritic stainless steel (such as 1.4742) with an aluminum oxide protective layer formed on the surface can also be used, but the electrical insulation effect of aluminum oxide may reduce the efficiency of the SOC. As the use time increases, the above problems will become more significant when aluminum atoms gradually diffuse to the surface and cause the aluminum layer to thicken.

為解決一般鋼材製作之組件在SOC運作條件下容易發生腐蝕，尤其是氧化問題，本發明提供一種於一電化電池之一不鏽鋼組件鈍化氧化物層之方法及一種製造一電化電池之方法。In order to solve the problem that components made of general steel are prone to corrosion, especially oxidation, under SOC operating conditions, the present invention provides a method for passivating an oxide layer on a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell and a method of manufacturing an electrochemical cell.

本發明係關於一種電化電池不鏽鋼組件鈍化氧化物層之製作方法。所述方法包含一步驟(i)以至少一種自以下項目所構成清單中選出之用於形成氧化物之施體元素對不鏽鋼組件表面區域進行元素富集處理：鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)。換言之，步驟(i)係在接近不鏽鋼組件表面區域中使選自鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)之至少一施體元素濃度增加。The invention relates to a method for producing a passivating oxide layer of a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell. The method includes a step (i) element enrichment treatment of the surface area of the stainless steel component with at least one donor element for forming oxides selected from the list consisting of: chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn) , silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce). In other words, step (i) is to use chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V) in a region close to the surface of the stainless steel component. ), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce), the concentration of at least one donor element increases.

步驟(i)之表面區域元素富集處理包含在一圍合空間中對不鏽鋼組件進行熱處理之步驟，所述圍合空間例如為一真空烘箱。在圍合空間中，使至少一施體成分與不鏽鋼組件同時存在。所述至少一施體成分較佳者係由施體元素鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)中之一或多者所構成。所述熱處理之執行溫度至少為900°C且至多為1300°C，且是在至少5 mbar且至多為500 mbar之壓力中進行。The surface area element enrichment treatment of step (i) includes the step of heat treating the stainless steel component in an enclosed space, such as a vacuum oven. In the enclosed space, at least one donor component and the stainless steel component are allowed to coexist. The at least one donor component is preferably composed of donor elements chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), It is composed of one or more of aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce). The heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of at least 900°C and at most 1300°C and at a pressure of at least 5 mbar and at most 500 mbar.

當所述不鏽鋼組件於圍合空間中在操作條件(亦即低壓氣氛，溫度介於900 °C與1300 °C之間)下之熱處理時，至少一施體成分中所包含之至少一施體元素產生部分揮發。因此使得圍合空間中產生該至少一施體元素之特定部分壓力，致使不鏽鋼組件表面吸收該至少一施體元素。該至少一施體元素擴散進入不鏽鋼組件，使得不鏽鋼組件表面出現一個與其他部位相較具有增加(富集)濃度施體元素之區域。When the stainless steel component is heat treated in an enclosed space under operating conditions (i.e., low pressure atmosphere, temperature between 900 °C and 1300 °C), at least one donor component included in the at least one donor component Elements produce partial volatilization. Therefore, a specific partial pressure of the at least one donor element is generated in the enclosed space, causing the surface of the stainless steel component to absorb the at least one donor element. The at least one donor element diffuses into the stainless steel component, causing an area on the surface of the stainless steel component to have an increased (enriched) concentration of the donor element compared to other locations.

繼步驟(i)後，於步驟(ii)中藉由第二熱處理將不鏽鋼組件氧化。步驟(ii)中對於不鏽鋼組件之熱處理使不鏽鋼組件表面區域所富含之該至少一施體元素氧化而在不鏽鋼組件上形成一鈍化氧化物層。步驟(ii)之第二熱處理可與步驟(i)之熱處理在相同圍合空間中執行。或者，第二熱處理可在另一圍合空間中執行，例如在真空烘箱中執行。Following step (i), the stainless steel component is oxidized by a second heat treatment in step (ii). The heat treatment of the stainless steel component in step (ii) oxidizes the at least one donor element rich in the surface area of the stainless steel component to form a passivation oxide layer on the stainless steel component. The second heat treatment of step (ii) may be performed in the same enclosed space as the heat treatment of step (i). Alternatively, the second heat treatment may be performed in another enclosed space, such as a vacuum oven.

本發明之保護層製造方法可製作出抗氧化性高之保護層，且可防止鉻自不鏽鋼組件揮發。尤其，本發明方法不需使用昂貴塗層塗覆設備，因而能夠降低製作成本。對比於已知塗層塗覆方法，本發明方法並不是在鏽鋼組件上塗覆一整層用於形成氧化物之施體元素，而是在不鏽鋼組件表面區域提高該至少一施體元素之濃度。藉由變化製成參數，例如該至少一施體成分之元素組成、圍合空間內壓力及圍合空間內溫度，可精確調控擴散進入不鏽鋼組件之材料多寡，例如取決於不鏽鋼組件之元素組成。如此能夠控制表面區域之施體元素濃度，使得步驟(ii)後形成之鈍化氧化物層具有足夠厚度以利提供充分之侵蝕防護，但不致過厚而影響不鏽鋼組件之其他特性，特別是電阻。本發明方法之另一優點在於，不鏽鋼組件表面對該至少一施體元素之吸收並不具方向性，亦即並不限制在暴露於一特定塗覆方向之表面。因此亦能夠在複雜形狀之組件上形成保護層，例如在底切部位或孔洞中之表面。The protective layer manufacturing method of the present invention can produce a protective layer with high oxidation resistance and prevent chromium from volatilizing from stainless steel components. In particular, the method of the present invention does not require the use of expensive coating equipment, thereby reducing production costs. Compared with known coating application methods, the method of the present invention does not apply a whole layer of donor elements for forming oxides on the stainless steel components, but increases the concentration of the at least one donor element in the surface area of the stainless steel components. . By changing manufacturing parameters, such as the elemental composition of the at least one donor component, the pressure in the enclosed space, and the temperature in the enclosed space, the amount of material diffused into the stainless steel component can be precisely controlled, for example, depending on the elemental composition of the stainless steel component. In this way, the concentration of donor elements in the surface area can be controlled so that the passivation oxide layer formed after step (ii) is thick enough to provide sufficient corrosion protection, but not too thick to affect other properties of the stainless steel component, especially the resistance. Another advantage of the method of the present invention is that the absorption of the at least one donor element by the surface of the stainless steel component is not directional, that is, it is not limited to the surface exposed to a specific coating direction. Therefore, it is also possible to form a protective layer on components with complex shapes, such as undercuts or surfaces in holes.

本發明亦提供一種電化電池製造方法。其中之電化電池包含至少一燃料電極、一電解質、一空氣或氧化劑電極及至少一不鏽鋼組件。例如，燃料電極可包含氧化鎳或鎳釔安定氧化鋯(Ni-YSZ)。固態電解質層可包含釔安定氧化鋯(YSZ)、氧化釓摻雜鈰或鈰釓氧化物(CGO)。空氣或氧化劑電極可包含鑭鍶氧化錳((La,Sr)MnO3)、鑭鍶氧化鈷((La, Sr)CoO3)、氧化鑭鎳(LaNiO3)或氧化鑭鐵(LaFeO3)。The invention also provides a method for manufacturing an electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell includes at least one fuel electrode, an electrolyte, an air or oxidant electrode and at least one stainless steel component. For example, the fuel electrode may include nickel oxide or nickel yttrium stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ). The solid electrolyte layer may include yttrium stabilized zirconia (YSZ), cerium oxide doped with cerium, or cerium oxide (CGO). The air or oxidant electrode may include lanthanum strontium manganese oxide ((La,Sr)MnO3), lanthanum strontium cobalt oxide ((La,Sr)CoO3), lanthanum nickel oxide (LaNiO3) or lanthanum iron oxide (LaFeO3).

所述電化電池製造方法包含提供至少一不鏽鋼組件並在所述至少一不鏽鋼組件上依前述方法製作鈍化氧化物層之步驟。上述關於鈍化氧化物層製作方法所說明之特性及優點亦適用於此電化電池製造方法。在至少一不鏽鋼組件上製作鈍化氧化物層後，亦即，在執行至少上述步驟(i)及步驟(ii)之後，即可進行電化電池之組裝。較佳者，組裝電化電池之步驟包含在至少一不鏽鋼組件上施作一燃料電極、一電解質及一空氣或氧化劑電極(取決於電池種類，電極層順序可能相反)。The electrochemical cell manufacturing method includes the steps of providing at least one stainless steel component and forming a passivation oxide layer on the at least one stainless steel component according to the foregoing method. The characteristics and advantages described above with respect to the passivation oxide layer manufacturing method also apply to this electrochemical cell manufacturing method. After forming a passivation oxide layer on at least one stainless steel component, that is, after performing at least the above steps (i) and (ii), the electrochemical cell can be assembled. Preferably, the steps of assembling the electrochemical cell include applying a fuel electrode, an electrolyte and an air or oxidant electrode on at least one stainless steel component (depending on the type of cell, the order of the electrode layers may be reversed).

所述電化電池可為固態氧化物電池，較佳者為金屬支撐型固態氧化物電池。所述電化電池可為固態氧化物燃料電池(SOFC)。此時，燃料電極構成電池陽極而空氣或氧化劑電極構成電池陰極。或者，所述電化電池可為固態氧化物電解器電池(SOEC)。此時，燃料電極構成電池陰極，而空氣或氧化劑電極構成電池陽極。The electrochemical cell may be a solid oxide battery, preferably a metal-supported solid oxide battery. The electrochemical cell may be a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). In this case, the fuel electrode forms the cell anode and the air or oxidant electrode forms the cell cathode. Alternatively, the electrochemical cell may be a solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC). At this point, the fuel electrode forms the cell cathode, and the air or oxidant electrode forms the cell anode.

為便於說明本發明於上述發明內容一欄中所表示的中心思想，茲以具體實施例表達。In order to facilitate the explanation of the central idea of the present invention expressed in the above summary column, specific embodiments are hereby expressed.

本發明係關於一種電化電池不鏽鋼組件鈍化氧化物層之製作方法。所述方法包含一步驟(i)以至少一種自以下項目所構成清單中選出之用於形成氧化物之施體元素對不鏽鋼組件表面區域進行元素富集處理：鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)。換言之，步驟(i)係在接近不鏽鋼組件表面區域中使選自鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)之至少一施體元素濃度增加。The invention relates to a method for producing a passivating oxide layer of a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell. The method includes a step (i) element enrichment treatment of the surface area of the stainless steel component with at least one donor element for forming oxides selected from the list consisting of: chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn) , silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce). In other words, step (i) is to use chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V) in a region close to the surface of the stainless steel component. ), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce), the concentration of at least one donor element increases.

步驟(i)之表面區域元素富集處理包含在一圍合空間中對不鏽鋼組件進行熱處理之步驟，所述圍合空間例如為一真空烘箱。在圍合空間中，使至少一施體成分與不鏽鋼組件同時存在。所述至少一施體成分較佳者係由施體元素鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)中之一或多者所構成。所述熱處理之執行溫度至少為900°C且至多為1300°C，且是在至少5 mbar且至多為500 mbar之壓力中進行。The surface area element enrichment treatment of step (i) includes the step of heat treating the stainless steel component in an enclosed space, such as a vacuum oven. In the enclosed space, at least one donor component and the stainless steel component are allowed to coexist. The at least one donor component is preferably composed of donor elements chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), It is composed of one or more of aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce). The heat treatment is carried out at a temperature of at least 900°C and at most 1300°C and at a pressure of at least 5 mbar and at most 500 mbar.

當所述不鏽鋼組件於圍合空間中在操作條件(亦即低壓氣氛，溫度介於900 °C與1300 °C之間)下之熱處理時，至少一施體成分中所包含之至少一施體元素產生部分揮發。因此使得圍合空間中產生該至少一施體元素之特定部分壓力，致使不鏽鋼組件表面吸收該至少一施體元素。該至少一施體元素擴散進入不鏽鋼組件，使得不鏽鋼組件表面出現一個與其他部位相較具有增加(富集)濃度施體元素之區域。When the stainless steel component is heat treated in an enclosed space under operating conditions (i.e., low pressure atmosphere, temperature between 900 °C and 1300 °C), at least one donor component included in the at least one donor component Elements produce partial volatilization. Therefore, a specific partial pressure of the at least one donor element is generated in the enclosed space, causing the surface of the stainless steel component to absorb the at least one donor element. The at least one donor element diffuses into the stainless steel component, causing an area on the surface of the stainless steel component to have an increased (enriched) concentration of the donor element compared to other locations.

繼步驟(i)後，於步驟(ii)中藉由第二熱處理將不鏽鋼組件氧化。步驟(ii)中對於不鏽鋼組件之熱處理使不鏽鋼組件表面區域所富含之該至少一施體元素氧化而在不鏽鋼組件上形成一鈍化氧化物層。步驟(ii)之第二熱處理可與步驟(i)之熱處理在相同圍合空間中執行。或者，第二熱處理可在另一圍合空間中執行，例如在真空烘箱中執行。Following step (i), the stainless steel component is oxidized by a second heat treatment in step (ii). The heat treatment of the stainless steel component in step (ii) oxidizes the at least one donor element rich in the surface area of the stainless steel component to form a passivation oxide layer on the stainless steel component. The second heat treatment of step (ii) may be performed in the same enclosed space as the heat treatment of step (i). Alternatively, the second heat treatment may be performed in another enclosed space, such as a vacuum oven.

本發明之保護層製造方法可製作出抗氧化性高之保護層，且可防止鉻自不鏽鋼組件揮發。尤其，本發明方法不需使用昂貴塗層塗覆設備，因而能夠降低製作成本。對比於已知塗層塗覆方法，本發明方法並不是在鏽鋼組件上塗覆一整層用於形成氧化物之施體元素，而是在不鏽鋼組件表面區域提高該至少一施體元素之濃度。藉由變化製成參數，例如該至少一施體成分之元素組成、圍合空間內壓力及圍合空間內溫度，可精確調控擴散進入不鏽鋼組件之材料多寡，例如取決於不鏽鋼組件之元素組成。如此能夠控制表面區域之施體元素濃度，使得步驟(ii)後形成之鈍化氧化物層具有足夠厚度以利提供充分之侵蝕防護，但不致過厚而影響不鏽鋼組件之其他特性，特別是電阻。本發明方法之另一優點在於，不鏽鋼組件表面對該至少一施體元素之吸收並不具方向性，亦即並不限制在暴露於一特定塗覆方向之表面。因此亦能夠在複雜形狀之組件上形成保護層，例如在底切部位或孔洞中之表面。The protective layer manufacturing method of the present invention can produce a protective layer with high oxidation resistance and prevent chromium from volatilizing from stainless steel components. In particular, the method of the present invention does not require the use of expensive coating equipment, thereby reducing production costs. Compared with known coating application methods, the method of the present invention does not apply a whole layer of donor elements for forming oxides on the stainless steel components, but increases the concentration of the at least one donor element in the surface area of the stainless steel components. . By changing manufacturing parameters, such as the elemental composition of the at least one donor component, the pressure in the enclosed space, and the temperature in the enclosed space, the amount of material diffused into the stainless steel component can be precisely controlled, for example, depending on the elemental composition of the stainless steel component. In this way, the concentration of donor elements in the surface area can be controlled so that the passivation oxide layer formed after step (ii) is thick enough to provide sufficient corrosion protection, but not too thick to affect other properties of the stainless steel component, especially the resistance. Another advantage of the method of the present invention is that the absorption of the at least one donor element by the surface of the stainless steel component is not directional, that is, it is not limited to the surface exposed to a specific coating direction. Therefore, it is also possible to form a protective layer on components with complex shapes, such as undercuts or surfaces in holes.

所述不鏽鋼組件可為鐵素體鋼組件。所述不鏽鋼組件可為電化電池之機械支撐件、透氣載體或互連組件。所述不鏽鋼組件可為構成電化電池一部分之任何板狀或片狀不鏽鋼組件(例如分隔板或電流收集板)。較佳者，所述不鏽鋼組件為固態氧化物燃料電池或固態氧化物電解器電池之組件。所述不鏽鋼組件可例如為SOC等金屬支撐型電化電池之機械支撐件或透氣支撐層。所述不鏽鋼組件可為由粉末金屬前驅物所形成之本質多孔金屬基材，或可由金屬支撐板製成，所述金屬支撐板包含設有通孔或小孔之多孔區域及圍繞多孔區域之非多孔(實心)區域。但此方法並不限於上述組件，亦可應用於其他不鏽鋼組件。The stainless steel components may be ferritic steel components. The stainless steel component may be a mechanical support, a breathable carrier or an interconnect component of an electrochemical cell. The stainless steel component may be any plate or sheet stainless steel component forming part of an electrochemical cell (such as a separator plate or current collecting plate). Preferably, the stainless steel component is a component of a solid oxide fuel cell or a solid oxide electrolyzer battery. The stainless steel component may be, for example, a mechanical support member or a breathable support layer of a metal-supported electrochemical cell such as SOC. The stainless steel component can be an intrinsically porous metal substrate formed from a powdered metal precursor, or can be made from a metal support plate that includes a porous area provided with through holes or small holes and a non-porous area surrounding the porous area. Porous (solid) area. However, this method is not limited to the above components and can also be applied to other stainless steel components.

較佳者，步驟(i)中所述熱處理之實施溫度係至少1000°C且至多為1150°C。Preferably, the heat treatment in step (i) is carried out at a temperature of at least 1000°C and at most 1150°C.

較佳者，步驟(i)中所述熱處理之實施時間係至少為1小時且至多為24小時。Preferably, the heat treatment in step (i) is carried out for at least 1 hour and at most 24 hours.

為避免不鏽鋼組件在步驟(i)之熱處理過程中發生氧化，所述熱處理可在一惰性氣體氣氛中執行。較佳者，所述熱處理係在一氣氛中執行，所述氣氛中含有氬(Ar)、氦(He)或氮(N2)中之一或多種。To avoid oxidation of the stainless steel component during the heat treatment of step (i), the heat treatment may be performed in an inert gas atmosphere. Preferably, the heat treatment is performed in an atmosphere containing one or more of argon (Ar), helium (He) or nitrogen (N2).

除此之外或以為替代，步驟(i)之熱處理可在一還原氣氛中執行，特別例如是含氫(H2)之氣氛。步驟(i)之熱處理亦可在含有氬(Ar)、氦(He)、氮(N2)及氫(H2)中二或多者所組成混合物之氣氛中進行。Additionally or alternatively, the heat treatment of step (i) may be performed in a reducing atmosphere, in particular an atmosphere containing hydrogen (H2). The heat treatment of step (i) can also be performed in an atmosphere containing a mixture of two or more of argon (Ar), helium (He), nitrogen (N2) and hydrogen (H2).

為提高施體元素自至少一施體成分轉移至不鏽鋼組件之效率，可使施體成分中該至少一施體元素之濃度為不鏽鋼組件中該至少一施體元素在表面區域元素富集步驟前之初始濃度之兩倍以上。In order to improve the efficiency of transferring donor elements from at least one donor component to the stainless steel component, the concentration of the at least one donor element in the donor component can be equal to the concentration of the at least one donor element in the stainless steel component before the surface area element enrichment step. More than twice the initial concentration.

不鏽鋼組件表面區域之材料組成及步驟(ii)熱處理後之鈍化氧化物層材料組成可依至少一施體成分之配置而調整，例如取決於圍合空間中施體成分之數量及元素組成。在某些實施例中，可將單一施體成分置入圍合空間，其中該單一施體成分包含或具有選自鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)中之一或多種施體元素。在某些實施例中，圍合空間內可容置二或多個施體成分。此時，第一施體成分可包含選自鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)之第一施體元素，且第二施體成分可包含選自鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)之第二施體元素，其中第一施體元素與所述第二施體元素不同。The material composition of the surface area of the stainless steel component and the material composition of the passivation oxide layer after heat treatment in step (ii) can be adjusted according to the configuration of at least one donor component, for example, depending on the amount and elemental composition of the donor component in the enclosed space. In certain embodiments, a single donor component may be placed into the enclosed space, wherein the single donor component includes or has a material selected from the group consisting of chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium One or more donor elements among (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce). In certain embodiments, two or more donor components may be housed within the enclosed space. At this time, the first donor component may include selected from the group consisting of chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), aluminum (Al ), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce), and the second donor component may include chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium ( Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce) as second donor elements, wherein the first donor element is different from the second donor element.

較佳者，於步驟(ii)中，第二熱處理之執行溫度至少為700°C且至多為1000°C。為促進鈍化氧化物層形成，可使第二熱處理步驟在一供氧氣氛中執行。較佳者，第二熱處理步驟係在含水(H2O)及/或含氧(O2)氣氛中執行。Preferably, in step (ii), the second heat treatment is performed at a temperature of at least 700°C and at most 1000°C. In order to promote the formation of the passivation oxide layer, the second heat treatment step can be performed in an oxygen supply atmosphere. Preferably, the second heat treatment step is performed in a water-containing (H2O) and/or oxygen-containing (O2) atmosphere.

於步驟(ii)，第二熱處理之執行時間至少為30分鐘且至多為16小時。較佳者，第二熱處理之執行時間至少為30分鐘且至多為3小時。In step (ii), the second heat treatment is performed for at least 30 minutes and at most 16 hours. Preferably, the second heat treatment is performed for at least 30 minutes and at most 3 hours.

本發明亦係關於一種電化電池製造方法。其中之電化電池包含至少一燃料電極、一電解質、一空氣或氧化劑電極及至少一不鏽鋼組件。例如，燃料電極可包含氧化鎳或鎳釔安定氧化鋯(Ni-YSZ)。固態電解質層可包含釔安定氧化鋯(YSZ)、氧化釓摻雜鈰或鈰釓氧化物(CGO)。空氣或氧化劑電極可包含鑭鍶氧化錳((La,Sr)MnO3)、鑭鍶氧化鈷((La, Sr)CoO3)、氧化鑭鎳(LaNiO3)或氧化鑭鐵(LaFeO3)。The present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing an electrochemical cell. The electrochemical cell includes at least one fuel electrode, an electrolyte, an air or oxidant electrode and at least one stainless steel component. For example, the fuel electrode may include nickel oxide or nickel yttrium stabilized zirconia (Ni-YSZ). The solid electrolyte layer may include yttrium stabilized zirconia (YSZ), cerium oxide doped with cerium, or cerium oxide (CGO). The air or oxidant electrode may include lanthanum strontium manganese oxide ((La,Sr)MnO3), lanthanum strontium cobalt oxide ((La,Sr)CoO3), lanthanum nickel oxide (LaNiO3) or lanthanum iron oxide (LaFeO3).

所述電化電池製造方法包含提供至少一不鏽鋼組件並在所述至少一不鏽鋼組件上依前述方法製作鈍化氧化物層之步驟。上述關於鈍化氧化物層製作方法所說明之特性及優點亦適用於此電化電池製造方法。在至少一不鏽鋼組件上製作鈍化氧化物層後，亦即，在執行至少上述步驟(i)及步驟(ii)之後，即可進行電化電池之組裝。較佳者，組裝電化電池之步驟包含在至少一不鏽鋼組件上施作一燃料電極、一電解質及一空氣或氧化劑電極(取決於電池種類，電極層順序可能相反)。The electrochemical cell manufacturing method includes the steps of providing at least one stainless steel component and forming a passivation oxide layer on the at least one stainless steel component according to the foregoing method. The characteristics and advantages described above with respect to the passivation oxide layer manufacturing method also apply to this electrochemical cell manufacturing method. After forming a passivation oxide layer on at least one stainless steel component, that is, after performing at least the above steps (i) and (ii), the electrochemical cell can be assembled. Preferably, the steps of assembling the electrochemical cell include applying a fuel electrode, an electrolyte and an air or oxidant electrode on at least one stainless steel component (depending on the type of cell, the order of the electrode layers may be reversed).

所述電化電池可為固態氧化物電池，較佳者為金屬支撐型固態氧化物電池。所述電化電池可為固態氧化物燃料電池(SOFC)。此時，燃料電極構成電池陽極而空氣或氧化劑電極構成電池陰極。或者，所述電化電池可為固態氧化物電解器電池(SOEC)。此時，燃料電極構成電池陰極，而空氣或氧化劑電極構成電池陽極。The electrochemical cell may be a solid oxide battery, preferably a metal-supported solid oxide battery. The electrochemical cell may be a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). In this case, the fuel electrode forms the cell anode and the air or oxidant electrode forms the cell cathode. Alternatively, the electrochemical cell may be a solid oxide electrolyzer cell (SOEC). At this point, the fuel electrode forms the cell cathode, and the air or oxidant electrode forms the cell anode.

在某些實施例中，所述至少一不鏽鋼組件可為電化電池之機械支撐件，更佳者可例如為固態氧化物電池之透氣載體。此時，電化電池組裝步驟可包含於設有鈍化氧化物層之機械支撐件上塗覆一燃料電極層、一電解質層及一空氣或氧化劑電極層(取決於電池種類，電極層順序可能相反)。所述不鏽鋼組件可為由粉末金屬前驅物所形成之本質多孔金屬基材，或可由金屬支撐板製成，所述金屬支撐板包含設有通孔或小孔之多孔區域及圍繞多孔區域之非多孔(實心)區域。In some embodiments, the at least one stainless steel component may be a mechanical support for an electrochemical cell, or more preferably, may be a gas-permeable carrier for a solid oxide cell. At this time, the electrochemical cell assembly step may include coating a fuel electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an air or oxidant electrode layer on a mechanical support provided with a passivation oxide layer (depending on the type of battery, the order of the electrode layers may be reversed). The stainless steel component can be an intrinsically porous metal substrate formed from a powdered metal precursor, or can be made from a metal support plate that includes a porous area provided with through holes or small holes and a non-porous area surrounding the porous area. Porous (solid) area.

Claims (14)

一種於一電化電池之一不鏽鋼組件上製作一鈍化氧化物層之方法，其中該方法包含： 步驟(i)：以至少一種自以下項目所構成清單中選出之至少一施體元素對該不鏽鋼組件之一表面區域進行富集處理：鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)，其中，對該表面區域進行富集處理之步驟包含在一至少為900°C且至多為1300°C之溫度中對該不鏽鋼組件進行熱處理，其中，該熱處理是在一至少為5 mbar且至多為500 mbar之壓力下進行，其中，該熱處理是在一圍合空間中進行且該圍合空間中同時存在有至少一施體成分及該不鏽鋼組件，其中該至少一施體成分包含該等施體元素鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)中之一或多種；及 步驟(ii)：藉由二次熱處理使該不鏽鋼組件氧化以形成該鈍化氧化物層。 A method of producing a passivating oxide layer on a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell, wherein the method includes: Step (i): Enrich a surface area of the stainless steel component with at least one donor element selected from the list consisting of: chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), Molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce), wherein the step of enriching the surface area includes a The stainless steel component is heat treated at a temperature of at least 900°C and at most 1300°C, wherein the heat treatment is carried out at a pressure of at least 5 mbar and at most 500 mbar, wherein the heat treatment is carried out in an environment It is carried out in an enclosed space and there are at least one donor component and the stainless steel component in the enclosed space, wherein the at least one donor component includes the donor elements chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), and silicon (Si). , one or more of molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce); and Step (ii): oxidizing the stainless steel component through secondary heat treatment to form the passivation oxide layer. 如請求項1所述之方法，其中，在步驟(i)中，該熱處理是在一至少為1000°C且至多為1150°C之溫度中進行。The method of claim 1, wherein in step (i), the heat treatment is performed at a temperature of at least 1000°C and at most 1150°C. 如請求項1或2所述之方法，其中，在步驟(i)中，該熱處理之執行時間至少為1小時且至多為24小時。The method of claim 1 or 2, wherein in step (i), the heat treatment is performed for at least 1 hour and at most 24 hours. 如以上任一請求項所述之方法，其中，在步驟(i)中，該熱處理是在一氣氛中執行，該氣氛包含氬(Ar)、氦(He)及氮(N2)中之一或多種。The method according to any one of the above claims, wherein in step (i), the heat treatment is performed in an atmosphere, the atmosphere contains one of argon (Ar), helium (He) and nitrogen (N2) or Various. 如以上任一請求項所述之方法，其中，在步驟(i)中，該熱處理是在一還原氣氛中執行，該還原氣氛較佳者包含氫(H2)。The method according to any one of the above claims, wherein in step (i), the heat treatment is performed in a reducing atmosphere, and the reducing atmosphere preferably contains hydrogen (H2). 如以上任一請求項所述之方法，其中，該至少一施體成分中該至少一施體元素之該濃度為該不鏽鋼組件中該至少一施體元素之該初始濃度之至少兩倍。The method according to any one of the above claims, wherein the concentration of the at least one donor element in the at least one donor component is at least twice the initial concentration of the at least one donor element in the stainless steel component. 如以上任一請求項所述之方法，其中，該圍合空間中存在有二或多個施體成分，其中一第一施體成分包含一選自鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)之第一施體元素，且其中一第二施體成分包含一選自鉻(Cr)、錳(Mn)、矽(Si)、鉬(Mo)、鈮(Nb)、鈦(Ti)、釩(V)、鋁(Al)、鉿(Hf)及鈰(Ce)之第二施體元素，所述第一施體元素與所述第二施體元素不同。The method as described in any of the above claims, wherein there are two or more donor components in the enclosed space, and a first donor component includes a component selected from the group consisting of chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), and silicon. The first donor element of (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) and cerium (Ce), and one of them is the second The donor component includes a component selected from chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), silicon (Si), molybdenum (Mo), niobium (Nb), titanium (Ti), vanadium (V), aluminum (Al), hafnium (Hf) ) and a second donor element of cerium (Ce), the first donor element being different from the second donor element. 如以上任一請求項所述之方法，其中，在步驟(ii)中，該第二熱處理是在一供氧氣氛中於至少700°C且至多為1000°C之溫度中進行。The method according to any one of the above claims, wherein, in step (ii), the second heat treatment is performed in an oxygen supply atmosphere at a temperature of at least 700°C and at most 1000°C. 如以上任一請求項所述之方法，其中，在步驟(ii)中，該第二熱處理係在一含水(H2O)及/或含氧(O2)氣氛中執行。The method according to any one of the above claims, wherein in step (ii), the second heat treatment is performed in a water-containing (H2O) and/or oxygen-containing (O2) atmosphere. 如以上任一請求項所述之方法，其中，在步驟(ii)中，該第二熱處理之執行時間至少為30分鐘且至多為16小時，較佳者為至少30分鐘且至多3小時。The method according to any one of the above claims, wherein in step (ii), the execution time of the second heat treatment is at least 30 minutes and at most 16 hours, preferably at least 30 minutes and at most 3 hours. 如以上任一請求項所述之方法，其中，該不鏽鋼組件為一鐵素體不鏽鋼組件。The method according to any one of the above claims, wherein the stainless steel component is a ferritic stainless steel component. 如以上任一請求項所述之方法，其中，該不鏽鋼組件為一電化電池之一機械支撐件、一透氣載體或一互連組件，所述電化電池可隨選為一固態氧化物燃料電池或一固態氧化物電解器電池。The method as claimed in any one of the above claims, wherein the stainless steel component is a mechanical support, a breathable carrier or an interconnection component of an electrochemical cell, and the electrochemical cell can optionally be a solid oxide fuel cell or A solid oxide electrolyzer cell. 一種製造一電化電池之方法，其中，該電化電池包含至少一燃料電極、一電解質、一空氣或氧化劑電極及至少一不鏽鋼組件，所述方法包含： a. 提供該至少一不鏽鋼組件； b. 經由如以上任一請求項所述之方法，在所述至少一不鏽鋼組件上製作一鈍化氧化物層； c. 組裝該電化電池。 A method of manufacturing an electrochemical cell, wherein the electrochemical cell includes at least one fuel electrode, an electrolyte, an air or oxidant electrode and at least one stainless steel component, the method includes: a. Provide the at least one stainless steel component; b. Create a passivation oxide layer on the at least one stainless steel component through the method described in any of the above claims; c. Assemble the electrochemical cell. 如請求項13所述之方法，其中該至少一不鏽鋼組件為該電化電池之一機械支撐件，且其中該組裝電化電池之步驟包含：在設有該鈍化氧化物層之該機械支撐件上塗覆一燃料電極層、一電解質層及一空氣或氧化劑電極層。The method of claim 13, wherein the at least one stainless steel component is a mechanical support member of the electrochemical cell, and wherein the step of assembling the electrochemical cell includes: coating the mechanical support member provided with the passivation oxide layer A fuel electrode layer, an electrolyte layer and an air or oxidant electrode layer.
TW111148862A 2021-12-22 2022-12-20 Method for creating a passivating oxide layer on a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell TW202336248A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
WOPCT/EP2021/087343 2021-12-22
PCT/EP2021/087343 WO2023117087A1 (en) 2021-12-22 2021-12-22 Method for creating a passivating oxide layer on a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
TW202336248A true TW202336248A (en) 2023-09-16

Family

ID=79731181

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
TW111148862A TW202336248A (en) 2021-12-22 2022-12-20 Method for creating a passivating oxide layer on a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell

Country Status (2)

Country Link
TW (1) TW202336248A (en)
WO (1) WO2023117087A1 (en)

Family Cites Families (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1287396B (en) * 1963-12-05 1969-01-16 Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren Material made from metal fibers
US6605316B1 (en) * 1999-07-31 2003-08-12 The Regents Of The University Of California Structures and fabrication techniques for solid state electrochemical devices
SE528303C2 (en) * 2004-11-30 2006-10-17 Sandvik Intellectual Property Band product with a spinel or perovskite coating, electrical contact and method of making the product
ATE461533T1 (en) * 2006-12-07 2010-04-15 Ansaldo Fuel Cells Spa FLANGES FOR THE SEPARATOR PLATE OF MELTED CARBONATE FUEL CELLS
WO2009139833A2 (en) * 2008-05-16 2009-11-19 Corning Incorporated Aluminide barrier layers and methods of making and using thereof
EP2174740A1 (en) * 2008-10-08 2010-04-14 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Honeycomb seal and method to produce it
CA3153365A1 (en) * 2020-02-26 2021-09-02 Treadstone Technologies, Inc. Component having improved surface contact resistance and reaction activity and methods of making the same

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2023117087A1 (en) 2023-06-29

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN101563805B (en) thin solid oxide cell
JP7105972B2 (en) Electrochemical device, electrochemical module, electrochemical device, energy system, solid oxide fuel cell, and method for manufacturing electrochemical device
US6048636A (en) Electrode substrate for fuel cell
JP4027836B2 (en) Method for producing solid oxide fuel cell
US20110159173A1 (en) Conductive coating for solid oxide fuel cells
EP3370290B1 (en) Interconnector-electrochemical reaction unit cell composite body, electrochemical reaction cell stack, and production method for interconnector-electrochemical reaction unit cell composite body
EP3793012A1 (en) Metal support body for electrochemical element, electrochemical element, electrochemical module, electrochemical device, energy system, solid oxide fuel cell, solid oxide electrolytic cell, and method for manufacturing metal support body
EP3790091A1 (en) Metal support for electrochemical device, electrochemical device, electrochemical module, electrochemical apparatus, energy system, solid oxide fuel cell, solid oxide electrolytic cell, and method for producing metal support
JP7174491B2 (en) Manufacturing method of alloy member, alloy member, electrochemical element, electrochemical module, electrochemical device, energy system, and solid oxide fuel cell
JP2020072047A (en) Fuel cell, fuel cell stack, and method for manufacturing them
JP2002367615A (en) Solid oxide fuel cell
WO2003105249A2 (en) Fuel cells utilizing non-porous nanofilm microchannel architecture
JP6917182B2 (en) Conductive members, electrochemical reaction units, and electrochemical reaction cell stacks
CN106549172A (en) A kind of connector and preparation method of self sealss flat-plate solid oxidized fuel cell
TW202336248A (en) Method for creating a passivating oxide layer on a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell
RU196629U1 (en) MEMBRANE ELECTRODE BLOCK OF A SOLID-OXIDE FUEL CELL WITH CONTACT LAYERS
JP5684887B2 (en) Connecting material for solid oxide fuel cell and method for manufacturing the connecting material
JP2021161541A (en) Method for producing alloy member, alloy member, electrochemical element, electrochemical module, electrochemical device, energy system, solid oxide fuel cell and solid oxide electrolytic cell
US9437880B2 (en) Method of manufacturing a fuel cell stack having an electrically conductive interconnect
TW202411441A (en) Method for creating a protective coating on a component of an electrochemical cell
WO2023117086A1 (en) Method for creating a protective coating on a component of an electrochemical cell
JPH0479163A (en) Solid electrolyte type fuel cell
JP2948441B2 (en) Flat solid electrolyte fuel cell
WO2023117085A1 (en) Method for manufacturing an electrochemical cell
JP7057731B2 (en) Fuel cell and fuel cell manufacturing method