TW202333745A - Nucleoside derivatives and use thereof - Google Patents
Nucleoside derivatives and use thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- TW202333745A TW202333745A TW111150807A TW111150807A TW202333745A TW 202333745 A TW202333745 A TW 202333745A TW 111150807 A TW111150807 A TW 111150807A TW 111150807 A TW111150807 A TW 111150807A TW 202333745 A TW202333745 A TW 202333745A
- Authority
- TW
- Taiwan
- Prior art keywords
- nmr
- mhz
- chloroform
- alkyl
- aryl
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000003833 nucleoside derivatives Chemical class 0.000 title description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 182
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 94
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 39
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 claims description 35
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000008194 pharmaceutical composition Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000000546 pharmaceutical excipient Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 125000001313 C5-C10 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 208000036142 Viral infection Diseases 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009385 viral infection Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052805 deuterium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 208000025721 COVID-19 Diseases 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 208000001528 Coronaviridae Infections Diseases 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 claims 4
- 125000004169 (C1-C6) alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 238000005481 NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 377
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N Trichloro(2H)methane Chemical compound [2H]C(Cl)(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-MICDWDOJSA-N 0.000 description 312
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- -1 1-methylethyl(isopropyl) Chemical group 0.000 description 38
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylsulphoxide Chemical compound CS(C)=O IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 37
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 37
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 31
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 31
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000012044 organic layer Substances 0.000 description 19
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 description 17
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 17
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 17
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 17
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000651 prodrug Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229940002612 prodrug Drugs 0.000 description 15
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 13
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 13
- 241000124008 Mammalia Species 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 11
- BHIWKHZACMWKOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl isobutyrate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)C BHIWKHZACMWKOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 10
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 10
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1'-Carbonyldiimidazole Substances C1=CN=CN1C(=O)N1C=CN=C1 PFKFTWBEEFSNDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 241000282412 Homo Species 0.000 description 9
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000002207 metabolite Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003826 tablet Substances 0.000 description 9
- IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N Dimethyl sulfoxide Chemical compound [2H]C([2H])([2H])S(=O)C([2H])([2H])[2H] IAZDPXIOMUYVGZ-WFGJKAKNSA-N 0.000 description 8
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000002502 liposome Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 229910001868 water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000005160 1H NMR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000002775 capsule Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000001727 in vivo Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000006239 protecting group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 7
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 7
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 7
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003937 drug carrier Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000004895 liquid chromatography mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004440 column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000006184 cosolvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000000338 in vitro Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000825 pharmaceutical preparation Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000036470 plasma concentration Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000012453 solvate Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000000375 suspending agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 208000024891 symptom Diseases 0.000 description 5
- WJJSZTJGFCFNKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-oxathiolane Chemical compound C1CSCO1 WJJSZTJGFCFNKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Aminoethan-1-ol Chemical compound NCCO HZAXFHJVJLSVMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000282693 Cercopithecidae Species 0.000 description 4
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 4
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trifluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(F)(F)F DTQVDTLACAAQTR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C RYYVLZVUVIJVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229940125904 compound 1 Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229940014259 gelatin Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000001990 intravenous administration Methods 0.000 description 4
- WDAXFOBOLVPGLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C(C)C WDAXFOBOLVPGLV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 4
- HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium stearate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HQKMJHAJHXVSDF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl benzoate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QPJVMBTYPHYUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 4
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylamine Chemical compound CN(C)C GETQZCLCWQTVFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000711573 Coronaviridae Species 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 241000709661 Enterovirus Species 0.000 description 3
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010171 animal model Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000010323 ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011668 ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000872 buffer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 235000010980 cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940126214 compound 3 Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 235000008504 concentrate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012043 crude product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- 239000006196 drop Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005842 heteroatom Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000000592 heterocycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen thiocyanate Natural products SC#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001294 liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007937 lozenge Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000007530 organic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003791 organic solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N papa-hydroxy-benzoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 FJKROLUGYXJWQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229950008882 polysorbate Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000007920 subcutaneous administration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000003396 thiol group Chemical class [H]S* 0.000 description 3
- 210000001519 tissue Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 241000712461 unidentified influenza virus Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 3
- QVHJQCGUWFKTSE-YFKPBYRVSA-N (2s)-2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)OC(C)(C)C QVHJQCGUWFKTSE-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LBUJPTNKIBCYBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoline Chemical compound C1=CC=C2CCCNC2=C1 LBUJPTNKIBCYBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMLSAISZLJGWPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dithiolane Chemical compound C1CSCS1 IMLSAISZLJGWPP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QXOGPTXQGKQSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-amino-4-[4-(3,4-dimethylphenyl)sulfanylanilino]-9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound Cc1ccc(Sc2ccc(Nc3cc(c(N)c4C(=O)c5ccccc5C(=O)c34)S(O)(=O)=O)cc2)cc1C QXOGPTXQGKQSJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-benzothiophene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=CC2=C1 FCEHBMOGCRZNNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethoxypropane Chemical compound COC(C)(C)OC HEWZVZIVELJPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WXTMDXOMEHJXQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=CC=C1O WXTMDXOMEHJXQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Dimethylaminopyridine Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=NC=C1 VHYFNPMBLIVWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OIVLITBTBDPEFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,6-dihydrouracil Chemical compound O=C1CCNC(=O)N1 OIVLITBTBDPEFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-[3-(1-cyclopropylpyrazol-4-yl)-1H-pyrazolo[4,3-d]pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-methyl-3,8-diazabicyclo[3.2.1]octan-2-one Chemical class C1(CC1)N1N=CC(=C1)C1=NNC2=C1N=C(N=C2)N1C2C(N(CC1CC2)C)=O HBAQYPYDRFILMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 241000283690 Bos taurus Species 0.000 description 2
- FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butyric acid Chemical compound CCCC(O)=O FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BGGALFIXXQOTPY-NRFANRHFSA-N C1(=C(C2=C(C=C1)N(C(C#N)=C2)C[C@@H](N1CCN(CC1)S(=O)(=O)C)C)C)CN1CCC(CC1)NC1=NC(=NC2=C1C=C(S2)CC(F)(F)F)NC Chemical compound C1(=C(C2=C(C=C1)N(C(C#N)=C2)C[C@@H](N1CCN(CC1)S(=O)(=O)C)C)C)CN1CCC(CC1)NC1=NC(=NC2=C1C=C(S2)CC(F)(F)F)NC BGGALFIXXQOTPY-NRFANRHFSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 241000282472 Canis lupus familiaris Species 0.000 description 2
- HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chloroform Chemical compound ClC(Cl)Cl HEDRZPFGACZZDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N D-gluconic acid Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-SQOUGZDYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexylamine Chemical compound C1CCCCC1NC1CCCCC1 XBPCUCUWBYBCDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTMHDMANZUZIPE-AMTYYWEZSA-N Digoxin Natural products O([C@H]1[C@H](C)O[C@H](O[C@@H]2C[C@@H]3[C@@](C)([C@@H]4[C@H]([C@]5(O)[C@](C)([C@H](O)C4)[C@H](C4=CC(=O)OC4)CC5)CC3)CC2)C[C@@H]1O)[C@H]1O[C@H](C)[C@@H](O[C@H]2O[C@@H](C)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C2)[C@@H](O)C1 LTMHDMANZUZIPE-AMTYYWEZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000283086 Equidae Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galactaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycolic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)=O AEMRFAOFKBGASW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000012981 Hank's balanced salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isocaffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1N(C)C=N2 LPHGQDQBBGAPDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanesulfonic acid Chemical compound CS(O)(=O)=O AFVFQIVMOAPDHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108060004795 Methyltransferase Proteins 0.000 description 2
- YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Morpholine Chemical compound C1COCCN1 YNAVUWVOSKDBBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000699670 Mus sp. Species 0.000 description 2
- JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) Chemical compound CCN(C(C)C)C(C)C JGFZNNIVVJXRND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylacetamide Chemical compound CN(C)C(C)=O FXHOOIRPVKKKFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIAFMBKCNZACKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-benzoylglycine Chemical compound OC(=O)CNC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QIAFMBKCNZACKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001494479 Pecora Species 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyruvic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)C(O)=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000008910 Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Species 0.000 description 2
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 2
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000205 acacia gum Substances 0.000 description 2
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNYOPLTXPVRDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N barbituric acid Chemical compound O=C1CC(=O)NC(=O)N1 HNYOPLTXPVRDBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYXKZNLBZKRYSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzene-1,2-dicarbonyl chloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(Cl)=O FYXKZNLBZKRYSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000499 benzofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001164 benzothiazolyl group Chemical group S1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzyl chloride Chemical compound ClCC1=CC=CC=C1 KCXMKQUNVWSEMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940073608 benzyl chloride Drugs 0.000 description 2
- WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzylamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC=C1 WGQKYBSKWIADBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002619 bicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 230000000975 bioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229960001948 caffeine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N caffeine Natural products CN1C(=O)N(C)C(=O)C2=C1C=CN2C VJEONQKOZGKCAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013553 cell monolayer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003636 chemical group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N choline Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CCO OEYIOHPDSNJKLS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001231 choline Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001316 cycloalkyl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N decanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O GHVNFZFCNZKVNT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(Cl)Cl JXTHNDFMNIQAHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylamine Chemical compound CCNCC HPNMFZURTQLUMO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LTMHDMANZUZIPE-PUGKRICDSA-N digoxin Chemical compound C1[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](C)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](C)O[C@@H](O[C@@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H](O[C@@H]3C[C@@H]4[C@]([C@@H]5[C@H]([C@]6(CC[C@@H]([C@@]6(C)[C@H](O)C5)C=5COC(=O)C=5)O)CC4)(C)CC3)C[C@@H]2O)C)C[C@@H]1O LTMHDMANZUZIPE-PUGKRICDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960005156 digoxin Drugs 0.000 description 2
- LTMHDMANZUZIPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N digoxine Natural products C1C(O)C(O)C(C)OC1OC1C(C)OC(OC2C(OC(OC3CC4C(C5C(C6(CCC(C6(C)C(O)C5)C=5COC(=O)C=5)O)CC4)(C)CC3)CC2O)C)CC1O LTMHDMANZUZIPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O POULHZVOKOAJMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008298 dragée Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013265 extended release Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010685 fatty oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000003599 food sweetener Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012458 free base Substances 0.000 description 2
- DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-DUHBMQHGSA-N galactaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-DUHBMQHGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002513 implantation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000003453 indazolyl group Chemical group N1N=C(C2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001041 indolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000007529 inorganic bases Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000007918 intramuscular administration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010255 intramuscular injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007927 intramuscular injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007928 intraperitoneal injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003303 ion-exchange polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N isethionic acid Chemical compound OCCS(O)(=O)=O SUMDYPCJJOFFON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N isobutyric acid Chemical compound CC(C)C(O)=O KQNPFQTWMSNSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000904 isoindolyl group Chemical group C=1(NC=C2C=CC=CC12)* 0.000 description 2
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002183 isoquinolinyl group Chemical group C1(=NC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 2
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000019359 magnesium stearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IUBSYMUCCVWXPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N metoprolol Chemical compound COCCC1=CC=C(OCC(O)CNC(C)C)C=C1 IUBSYMUCCVWXPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960002237 metoprolol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 230000003278 mimic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000007522 mineralic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 2
- VWPOSFSPZNDTMJ-UCWKZMIHSA-N nadolol Chemical compound C1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CC2=C1C=CC=C2OCC(O)CNC(C)(C)C VWPOSFSPZNDTMJ-UCWKZMIHSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004255 nadolol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- XTEGVFVZDVNBPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1S(O)(=O)=O XTEGVFVZDVNBPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- PXQPEWDEAKTCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N orotic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(=O)NC(=O)N1 PXQPEWDEAKTCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N phenyl(114C)methanol Chemical compound O[14CH2]C1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-ZQBYOMGUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006187 pill Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000168 pyrrolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007363 ring formation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008159 sesame oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011803 sesame oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000003549 soybean oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000012424 soybean oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinimide Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)N1 KZNICNPSHKQLFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229940124530 sulfonamide Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000829 suppository Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003765 sweetening agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006188 syrup Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020357 syrup Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000012222 talc Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N teixobactin Chemical compound C([C@H](C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@H]1C(N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C[C@@H]2NC(=N)NC2)C(=O)N[C@H](C(=O)O[C@H]1C)[C@@H](C)CC)=O)NC)C1=CC=CC=C1 LMBFAGIMSUYTBN-MPZNNTNKSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YAPQBXQYLJRXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N theobromine Chemical compound CN1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1N=CN2C YAPQBXQYLJRXSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001225 therapeutic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 125000002813 thiocarbonyl group Chemical group *C(*)=S 0.000 description 2
- BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiomorpholine Chemical compound C1CSCCN1 BRNULMACUQOKMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004568 thiomorpholinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000004408 titanium dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000699 topical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011269 treatment regimen Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000029812 viral genome replication Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- QIJRTFXNRTXDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (1-carboxy-2-sulfanylethyl)azanium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl.SCC(N)C(O)=O QIJRTFXNRTXDIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N (2R)-2-hydroxy-2-phenylacetic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1.O[C@@H](C(O)=O)c1ccccc1 QBYIENPQHBMVBV-HFEGYEGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DMBKPDOAQVGTST-LBPRGKRZSA-N (2s)-2-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxycarbonylamino]-3-phenylmethoxypropanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)N[C@H](C(O)=O)COCC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBKPDOAQVGTST-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VIJSPAIQWVPKQZ-BLECARSGSA-N (2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-[[(2s)-2-acetamido-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]-4,4-dimethylpentanoyl]amino]-4-methylpentanoyl]amino]propanoyl]amino]-5-(diaminomethylideneamino)pentanoic acid Chemical compound NC(=N)NCCC[C@@H](C(O)=O)NC(=O)[C@H](C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CC(C)C)NC(=O)[C@H](CCCNC(N)=N)NC(C)=O VIJSPAIQWVPKQZ-BLECARSGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000349 (Z)-3-carboxyprop-2-enoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])/C([H])=C([H])\C(O[H])=O 0.000 description 1
- ZLYYJUJDFKGVKB-UPHRSURJSA-N (z)-but-2-enedioyl dichloride Chemical compound ClC(=O)\C=C/C(Cl)=O ZLYYJUJDFKGVKB-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M .beta-Phenylacrylic acid Natural products [O-]C(=O)\C=C\C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-VOTSOKGWSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DDMOUSALMHHKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichloro-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)C(F)(F)Cl DDMOUSALMHHKOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CIISBYKBBMFLEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-oxazolidine Chemical compound C1CNOC1 CIISBYKBBMFLEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trioxane Chemical compound C1OCOCO1 BGJSXRVXTHVRSN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzodioxole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2OCOC2=C1 FTNJQNQLEGKTGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SILNNFMWIMZVEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dihydrobenzimidazol-2-one Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC(O)=NC2=C1 SILNNFMWIMZVEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxane Chemical compound C1COCOC1 VDFVNEFVBPFDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGYGFUAIIOPWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-thiazolidine Chemical compound C1CSCN1 OGYGFUAIIOPWQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005877 1,4-benzodioxanyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 1-[(3s,4s)-4-[8-(2-chloro-4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)-7-fluoro-2-methylimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-3-fluoropiperidin-1-yl]-2-hydroxyethanone Chemical compound CC1=NC2=CN=C3C=C(F)C(C=4C(=CC(OC=5N=CC=CN=5)=CC=4)Cl)=CC3=C2N1[C@H]1CCN(C(=O)CO)C[C@@H]1F WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 1-[2-[(2s,3r,4s,5r)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]oxy-4,6-dihydroxyphenyl]-3-(4-hydroxyphenyl)propan-1-one Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1OC1=CC(O)=CC(O)=C1C(=O)CCC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 ONBQEOIKXPHGMB-VBSBHUPXSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-beta-D-Xylofuranosyl-NH-Cytosine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1C1C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SJJCQDRGABAVBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(O)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 SJJCQDRGABAVBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methylsulfonylpiperidin-4-one Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)N1CCC(=O)CC1 RTBFRGCFXZNCOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 10-undecenoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC=C FRPZMMHWLSIFAZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,4,5,6,7-Hexahydroxyheptanoic acid Chemical compound OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O KWMLJOLKUYYJFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazolidone Chemical compound O=C1NCCO1 IZXIZTKNFFYFOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CO1 IMSODMZESSGVBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose Chemical compound N[C@H]1C(O)O[C@H](CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-IVMDWMLBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-diethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCO BFSVOASYOCHEOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940013085 2-diethylaminoethanol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HZLCGUXUOFWCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxynonadecane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C(O)=O)C(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O HZLCGUXUOFWCCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003229 2-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- DGMOBVGABMBZSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpropanoyl chloride Chemical compound CC(C)C(Cl)=O DGMOBVGABMBZSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-oxoglutaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(=O)C(O)=O KPGXRSRHYNQIFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVBUGGBMJDPOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-thiobarbituric acid Chemical compound O=C1CC(=O)NC(=S)N1 RVBUGGBMJDPOST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2h-oxazine Chemical compound N1OC=CC=C1 BCHZICNRHXRCHY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-azaniumyl-2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound NCC(O)C(O)=O BMYNFMYTOJXKLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003469 3-methylhexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WEQPBCSPRXFQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazole Chemical compound C1CC=NO1 WEQPBCSPRXFQQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[7-hydroxy-2-[5-[5-[6-hydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)-3,5-dimethyloxan-2-yl]-3-methyloxolan-2-yl]-5-methyloxolan-2-yl]-2,8-dimethyl-1,10-dioxaspiro[4.5]decan-9-yl]-2-methyl-3-propanoyloxypentanoic acid Chemical compound C1C(O)C(C)C(C(C)C(OC(=O)CC)C(C)C(O)=O)OC11OC(C)(C2OC(C)(CC2)C2C(CC(O2)C2C(CC(C)C(O)(CO)O2)C)C)CC1 ZNBNBTIDJSKEAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCXJEYYXVJIFCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-acetamidobenzoic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 QCXJEYYXVJIFCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WUBBRNOQWQTFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminosalicylic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(O)=C1 WUBBRNOQWQTFEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-azabenzimidazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=N1 GAMYYCRTACQSBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000549 4-dimethylaminophenol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940090248 4-hydroxybenzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GCNTZFIIOFTKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxypyridine Chemical compound OC1=CC=NC=C1 GCNTZFIIOFTKIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRUWJENAYHTDQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4H-pyran Chemical compound C1C=COC=C1 MRUWJENAYHTDQG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UCZQXJKDCHCTAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4h-1,3-dioxine Chemical compound C1OCC=CO1 UCZQXJKDCHCTAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XFJBGINZIMNZBW-CRAIPNDOSA-N 5-chloro-2-[4-[(1r,2s)-2-[2-(5-methylsulfonylpyridin-2-yl)oxyethyl]cyclopropyl]piperidin-1-yl]pyrimidine Chemical compound N1=CC(S(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1OCC[C@H]1[C@@H](C2CCN(CC2)C=2N=CC(Cl)=CN=2)C1 XFJBGINZIMNZBW-CRAIPNDOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-N 5-oxo-L-proline Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H]1CCC(=O)N1 ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920001817 Agar Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000009027 Albumins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010088751 Albumins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019489 Almond oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000712891 Arenavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000004475 Arginine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000416162 Astragalus gummifer Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000711404 Avian avulavirus 1 Species 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Betaine Natural products C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SCJNYBYSTCRPAO-LXBQGUBHSA-N CN(C)C\C=C\C(=O)NC1=CC=C(N=C1)C(=O)N[C@@]1(C)CCC[C@H](C1)NC1=NC(C2=CNC3=CC=CC=C23)=C(Cl)C=N1 Chemical compound CN(C)C\C=C\C(=O)NC1=CC=C(N=C1)C(=O)N[C@@]1(C)CCC[C@H](C1)NC1=NC(C2=CNC3=CC=CC=C23)=C(Cl)C=N1 SCJNYBYSTCRPAO-LXBQGUBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSPHULWDVZXLIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Camphoric acid Natural products CC1(C)C(C(O)=O)CCC1(C)C(O)=O LSPHULWDVZXLIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005632 Capric acid (CAS 334-48-5) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005635 Caprylic acid (CAS 124-07-2) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000024172 Cardiovascular disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000700198 Cavia Species 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N Cinnamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-SREVYHEPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002261 Corn starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000709687 Coxsackievirus Species 0.000 description 1
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-PSQAKQOGSA-N Cytidine Natural products O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-PSQAKQOGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IGXWBGJHJZYPQS-SSDOTTSWSA-N D-Luciferin Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H]1CSC(C=2SC3=CC=C(O)C=C3N=2)=N1 IGXWBGJHJZYPQS-SSDOTTSWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-gluconic acid Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O RGHNJXZEOKUKBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYCGRDQQIOGCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dehydro-luciferin Natural products OC(=O)C1=CSC(C=2SC3=CC(O)=CC=C3N=2)=N1 CYCGRDQQIOGCKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000725619 Dengue virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002307 Dextran Polymers 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004338 Dichlorodifluoromethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 201000004315 EAST syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000004097 EU approved flavor enhancer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241001466953 Echovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Elaidinsaeure-aethylester Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000792859 Enema Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000991587 Enterovirus C Species 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylenediamine Chemical compound NCCN PIICEJLVQHRZGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000711950 Filoviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- BJGNCJDXODQBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fivefly Luciferin Natural products OC(=O)C1CSC(C=2SC3=CC(O)=CC=C3N=2)=N1 BJGNCJDXODQBOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Galacturonsaeure Natural products O=CC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002148 Gellan gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007821 HATU Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010268 HPLC based assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000711549 Hepacivirus C Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000724675 Hepatitis E virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000709721 Hepatovirus A Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000725303 Human immunodeficiency virus Species 0.000 description 1
- WRYCSMQKUKOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Imidazolidine Chemical compound C1CNCN1 WRYCSMQKUKOKBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000713196 Influenza B virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000710842 Japanese encephalitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P L-argininium(2+) Chemical compound NC(=[NH2+])NCCC[C@H]([NH3+])C(O)=O ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-BYPYZUCNSA-P 0.000 description 1
- WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N L-glutamic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC(O)=O WHUUTDBJXJRKMK-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-histidine Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N L-lysine Chemical compound NCCCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-YFKPBYRVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005639 Lauric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDWFXDSYGUXRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Luciferin Natural products CCc1c(C)c(CC2NC(=O)C(=C2C=C)C)[nH]c1Cc3[nH]c4C(=C5/NC(CC(=O)O)C(C)C5CC(=O)O)CC(=O)c4c3C DDWFXDSYGUXRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lysine Natural products NCCCCC(N)C(O)=O KDXKERNSBIXSRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004472 Lysine Substances 0.000 description 1
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000712079 Measles morbillivirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000127282 Middle East respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000711386 Mumps virus Species 0.000 description 1
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O N,N,N-trimethylglycinium Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC(O)=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- PSFABYLDRXJYID-VKHMYHEASA-N N-Methylserine Chemical compound CN[C@@H](CO)C(O)=O PSFABYLDRXJYID-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-dimethylaminoethanol Chemical compound CN(C)CCO UEEJHVSXFDXPFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GDFAOVXKHJXLEI-VKHMYHEASA-N N-methyl-L-alanine Chemical compound C[NH2+][C@@H](C)C([O-])=O GDFAOVXKHJXLEI-VKHMYHEASA-N 0.000 description 1
- MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N N-methylglucamine Chemical compound CNC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO MBBZMMPHUWSWHV-BDVNFPICSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPFJDXRVMFKJJO-ZHHKINOHSA-N N-{[3-(2-benzamido-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl)-pyrazol-5-yl]carbonyl}-G-dR-G-dD-dD-dD-NH2 Chemical compound S1C(C=2NN=C(C=2)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CCCN=C(N)N)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(=O)N[C@H](CC(O)=O)C(N)=O)=C(C)N=C1NC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OPFJDXRVMFKJJO-ZHHKINOHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 206010028980 Neoplasm Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 244000061176 Nicotiana tabacum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002637 Nicotiana tabacum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004660 O-thiocarbamates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000713112 Orthobunyavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000019202 Orthocoronavirinae infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000283973 Oryctolagus cuniculus Species 0.000 description 1
- WYNCHZVNFNFDNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxazolidine Chemical compound C1COCN1 WYNCHZVNFNFDNH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019483 Peanut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-GSVOUGTGSA-N Pyroglutamic acid Natural products OC(=O)[C@H]1CCC(=O)N1 ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N R-2-phenyl-2-hydroxyacetic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)C1=CC=CC=C1 IWYDHOAUDWTVEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000711798 Rabies lyssavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000702670 Rotavirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000037847 SARS-CoV-2-infection Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 201000003176 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Diseases 0.000 description 1
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000282887 Suidae Species 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydropyran Chemical compound C1CCOCC1 DHXVGJBLRPWPCS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YPWFISCTZQNZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiane Chemical compound C1CCSCC1 YPWFISCTZQNZAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Thiocyanate anion Chemical compound [S-]C#N ZMZDMBWJUHKJPS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000723873 Tobacco mosaic virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920001615 Tragacanth Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000711975 Vesicular stomatitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000710886 West Nile virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000710772 Yellow fever virus Species 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acide pyroglutamique Natural products OC(=O)C1CCC(=O)N1 ODHCTXKNWHHXJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000641 acridinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3C=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000250 adipic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002671 adjuvant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008272 agar Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010419 agar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940040563 agaric acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940050528 albumin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- IAJILQKETJEXLJ-QTBDOELSSA-N aldehydo-D-glucuronic acid Chemical compound O=C[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)C(O)=O IAJILQKETJEXLJ-QTBDOELSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003342 alkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001345 alkine derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004414 alkyl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000008168 almond oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-glycerophosphate Natural products OCC(O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009435 amidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007112 amidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940024606 amino acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960004909 aminosalicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012491 analyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N anhydrous glutaric acid Natural products OC(=O)CCCC(O)=O JFCQEDHGNNZCLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000845 anti-microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004599 antimicrobial Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000006708 antioxidants Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008135 aqueous vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
- ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N arginine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CCCNC(N)=N ODKSFYDXXFIFQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003121 arginine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005110 aryl thio group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004104 aryloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- DXZDEAJXVCLRLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepin-2-one Chemical compound O=C1C=CC=CC=N1 DXZDEAJXVCLRLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N azepine Chemical compound N1C=CC=CC=C1 XYOVOXDWRFGKEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000003785 benzimidazolyl group Chemical group N1=C(NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005870 benzindolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000005605 benzo group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960004365 benzoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001558 benzoic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005878 benzonaphthofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004619 benzopyranyl group Chemical group O1C(C=CC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000005874 benzothiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000003354 benzotriazolyl group Chemical group N1N=NC2=C1C=CC=C2* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004541 benzoxazolyl group Chemical group O1C(=NC2=C1C=CC=C2)* 0.000 description 1
- MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-galactosamine Natural products NC1C(O)OC(CO)C(O)C1O MSWZFWKMSRAUBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004166 bioassay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000249 biocompatible polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012472 biological sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC([O-])=O.OC([O-])=O NKWPZUCBCARRDP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000020 calcium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium hydrogenphosphate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP([O-])([O-])=O FUFJGUQYACFECW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LSPHULWDVZXLIL-QUBYGPBYSA-N camphoric acid Chemical compound CC1(C)[C@H](C(O)=O)CC[C@]1(C)C(O)=O LSPHULWDVZXLIL-QUBYGPBYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 201000011510 cancer Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000009702 cancer cell proliferation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960004424 carbon dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000000747 cardiac effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000019522 cellular metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000013043 chemical agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010568 chiral column chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012069 chiral reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001886 ciliary effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013985 cinnamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930016911 cinnamic acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 125000000259 cinnolinyl group Chemical group N1=NC(=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 229940110456 cocoa butter Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000019868 cocoa butter Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003240 coconut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019864 coconut oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940126142 compound 16 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125782 compound 2 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940126086 compound 21 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940125898 compound 5 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013270 controlled release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940099112 cornstarch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000392 cycloalkenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 229960001305 cysteine hydrochloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-ZAKLUEHWSA-N cytidine Chemical compound O=C1N=C(N)C=CN1[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](CO)O1 UHDGCWIWMRVCDJ-ZAKLUEHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000000805 cytoplasm Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000007405 data analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004855 decalinyl group Chemical group C1(CCCC2CCCCC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002939 deleterious effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010511 deprotection reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004988 dibenzothienyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=C(C21)C=CC=C3)* 0.000 description 1
- 235000019700 dicalcium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940042935 dichlorodifluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940087091 dichlorotetrafluoroethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000005911 diet Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037213 diet Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethanolamine Chemical compound OCCNCCO ZBCBWPMODOFKDW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SNQXJPARXFUULZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxolane Chemical compound C1COOC1 SNQXJPARXFUULZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000676 disease causative agent Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000007884 disintegrant Substances 0.000 description 1
- PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L disodium L-glutamate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C(=O)[C@@H](N)CCC([O-])=O PXEDJBXQKAGXNJ-QTNFYWBSSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl hydrogen sulfate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOS(O)(=O)=O MOTZDAYCYVMXPC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940043264 dodecyl sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000009510 drug design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036267 drug metabolism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001804 emulsifying effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007920 enema Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079360 enema for constipation Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032050 esterification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanedisulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CCS(O)(=O)=O AFAXGSQYZLGZPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M ethanesulfonate Chemical compound CCS([O-])(=O)=O CCIVGXIOQKPBKL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-QXMHVHEDSA-N ethyl oleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OCC LVGKNOAMLMIIKO-QXMHVHEDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940093471 ethyl oleate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000007717 exclusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003889 eye drop Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940012356 eye drops Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003885 eye ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003983 fluorenyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3CC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019264 food flavour enhancer Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000037406 food intake Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019253 formic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003844 furanonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002541 furyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940083124 ganglion-blocking antiadrenergic secondary and tertiary amines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010492 gellan gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000216 gellan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960005219 gentisic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000174 gluconic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012208 gluconic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960002442 glucosamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001031 glucose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940097043 glucuronic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000013922 glutamic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004220 glutamic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002313 glycerolipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010651 grapefruit oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940093915 gynecological organic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000004438 haloalkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001188 haloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000004446 heteroarylalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004128 high performance liquid chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000171 higher toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N histidine Natural products OC(=O)C(N)CC1=CN=CN1 HNDVDQJCIGZPNO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002885 histidine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000005260 human cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydantoin Chemical compound O=C1CNC(=O)N1 WJRBRSLFGCUECM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940091173 hydantoin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000017 hydrogel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001600 hydrophobic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000378 hydroxylammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920003063 hydroxymethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940031574 hydroxymethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000001866 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010979 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920003088 hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose Chemical compound OC1C(O)C(OC)OC(CO)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(C(O)C(OC3C(C(O)C(O)C(CO)O3)O)C(CO)O2)O)C(CO)O1 UFVKGYZPFZQRLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005946 imidazo[1,2-a]pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CN1 MTNDZQHUAFNZQY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002883 imidazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 208000026278 immune system disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010874 in vitro model Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003392 indanyl group Chemical group C1(CCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000037797 influenza A Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003834 intracellular effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007913 intrathecal administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007915 intraurethral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010253 intravenous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007914 intraventricular administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZWBNHMXJMCXLU-BLAUPYHCSA-N isomaltotriose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C=O)O1 FZWBNHMXJMCXLU-BLAUPYHCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003253 isopropoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(O*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000001786 isothiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001810 isothiocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=S 0.000 description 1
- 239000007951 isotonicity adjuster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000842 isoxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002372 labelling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004922 lacquer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003951 lactams Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000002596 lactones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229960001375 lactose Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000787 lecithin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010445 lecithin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940067606 lecithin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 231100000053 low toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229960003646 lysine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001630 malic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011090 malic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 210000004962 mammalian cell Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 229960002510 mandelic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960001855 mannitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002483 medication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940098779 methanesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HNQIVZYLYMDVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanesulfonimidic acid Chemical group CS(N)(=O)=O HNQIVZYLYMDVSB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940095102 methyl benzoate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl p-hydroxycinnamate Natural products OC(=O)C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 WBYWAXJHAXSJNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004005 microsphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940075124 molnupiravir Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004682 monohydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013923 monosodium glutamate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N n'-amino-n-iminomethanimidamide Chemical compound N\N=C\N=N VMGAPWLDMVPYIA-HIDZBRGKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCIDXARMXNJACB-UHFFFAOYSA-N n'-phenylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound NCCNC1=CC=CC=C1 OCIDXARMXNJACB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- REPVNSJSTLRQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N n,n-dimethylacetamide;n,n-dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O.CN(C)C(C)=O REPVNSJSTLRQEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000740 n-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 KVBGVZZKJNLNJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006199 nebulizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 231100000957 no side effect Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002868 norbornyl group Chemical group C12(CCC(CC1)C2)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002777 nucleoside Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003835 nucleoside group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004006 olive oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000008390 olive oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002997 ophthalmic solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000000056 organ Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004768 organ dysfunction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000005985 organic acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012074 organic phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000620 organic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006053 organic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229960005010 orotic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000003204 osmotic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxalyl chloride Chemical group ClC(=O)C(Cl)=O CTSLXHKWHWQRSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OOFGXDQWDNJDIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxathiolane Chemical compound C1COSC1 OOFGXDQWDNJDIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002971 oxazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pamoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC=3C4=CC=CC=C4C=C(C=3O)C(=O)O)=C(O)C(C(O)=O)=CC2=C1 WLJNZVDCPSBLRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007911 parenteral administration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000312 peanut oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940124531 pharmaceutical excipient Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000001791 phenazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=NC3=CC=CC=C3N=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001484 phenothiazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2SC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001644 phenoxazinyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2OC3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000005498 phthalate group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004962 physiological condition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940116317 potato starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002953 preparative HPLC Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000955 prescription drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003141 primary amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N procaine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(N)C=C1 MFDFERRIHVXMIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004919 procaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000003380 propellant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001042 pteridinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=NC=CN=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000561 purinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=C2N=CNC2=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- ZYOYYQRWXITKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazine-2,3-dione Chemical compound O=C1N=CC=NC1=O ZYOYYQRWXITKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003373 pyrazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazolidine Chemical compound C1CNNC1 USPWKWBDZOARPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrazoline Chemical compound C1CN=NC1 DNXIASIHZYFFRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002098 pyridazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ILVXOBCQQYKLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine N-oxide Chemical compound [O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1 ILVXOBCQQYKLDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000714 pyrimidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229940107700 pyruvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000002294 quinazolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(N=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002943 quinolinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=CC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000001567 quinoxalinyl group Chemical group N1=C(C=NC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004621 quinuclidinyl group Chemical group N12C(CC(CC1)CC2)* 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N renifolin D Natural products CC(=C)[C@@H]1Cc2c(O)c(O)ccc2[C@H]1CC(=O)c3ccc(O)cc3O BOLDJAUMGUJJKM-LSDHHAIUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000010076 replication Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940100486 rice starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960004889 salicylic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940116353 sebacic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000028327 secretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004760 silicates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N sn-glycerol 3-phosphate Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)COP(O)(O)=O AWUCVROLDVIAJX-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940073490 sodium glutamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium lauroyl sarcosinate Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)N(C)CC([O-])=O KSAVQLQVUXSOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000007901 soft capsule Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007909 solid dosage form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012439 solid excipient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003797 solvolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004274 stearic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000707 stereoselective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010254 subcutaneous injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007929 subcutaneous injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002317 succinimide Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000446 sulfanediyl group Chemical group *S* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004646 sulfenyl group Chemical group S(*)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004434 sulfur atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002511 suppository base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010189 synthetic method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004685 tetrahydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofuran Natural products C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000147 tetrahydroquinolinyl group Chemical group N1(CCCC2=CC=CC=C12)* 0.000 description 1
- LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)OC LFQCEHFDDXELDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229960004559 theobromine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940124597 therapeutic agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000011287 therapeutic dose Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001113 thiadiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CBDKQYKMCICBOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiazoline Chemical compound C1CN=CS1 CBDKQYKMCICBOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000335 thiazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001544 thienyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 231100000027 toxicology Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 231100000041 toxicology testing Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 235000010487 tragacanth Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000196 tragacanth Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940116362 tragacanth Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013518 transcription Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000032258 transport Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003626 triacylglycerols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003918 triazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000004306 triazinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000001425 triazolyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000005152 trihalomethanesulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000004684 trihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris Chemical compound OCC(N)(CO)CO LENZDBCJOHFCAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004418 trolamine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229960000281 trometamol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 241000701161 unidentified adenovirus Species 0.000 description 1
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000006490 viral transcription Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003612 virological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940100445 wheat starch Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940051021 yellow-fever virus Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本發明關於一種核苷衍生物及其用途,以及與其相關的組合物的用途。The present invention relates to a nucleoside derivative and its use, as well as the use of compositions related thereto.
核苷衍生物模仿內源性核苷,利用細胞代謝,融入DNA和RNA。這一特性使核苷衍生物能夠有效地抑制病毒複製和阻止癌細胞增殖。RNA依賴性RNA聚合酶(RdRp)是一種催化從RNA模板複製RNA的酶。具體而言,它催化合成與特定RNA模板互補的RNA鏈。病毒的RdRPs在病毒基因組複製和轉錄中發揮著重要作用。雖然已經開發了一些核苷衍生物用於治療病毒感染,包括HBV、HCV和SARS-CoV2感染,但仍然需要有更有效的核苷衍生物來治療病毒感染。Nucleoside derivatives mimic endogenous nucleosides, exploit cellular metabolism, and incorporate into DNA and RNA. This property enables nucleoside derivatives to effectively inhibit viral replication and prevent cancer cell proliferation. RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is an enzyme that catalyzes the replication of RNA from an RNA template. Specifically, it catalyzes the synthesis of RNA strands that are complementary to specific RNA templates. Viral RdRPs play an important role in viral genome replication and transcription. Although some nucleoside derivatives have been developed for the treatment of viral infections, including HBV, HCV, and SARS-CoV2 infections, there is still a need for more effective nucleoside derivatives to treat viral infections.
概述Overview
一方面,本發明涉及一種式II化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素和OH取代。 In one aspect, the invention relates to a compound of formula II, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, said -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens and OH.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式III化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula III, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 is selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, the -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -( CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
另一方面,本發明涉及一種式IV化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素和OH取代。 In another aspect, the invention relates to a compound of formula IV, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, said -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens and OH.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式V化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula V, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 is selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, the -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -( CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式VI化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素和OH取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula VI, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, said -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens and OH.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式VII化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula VII, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 is selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, the -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -( CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式VIII化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素和OH取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula VIII, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, said -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens and OH.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式IX化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 is selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, the -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -( CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式X化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素和OH取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula X, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, said -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens and OH.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式XI化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula XI, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 is selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, the -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -( CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式I化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H、雜芳基、-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)OC 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基、-(CO)C 5-C 10雜芳基、-(CO)OC 5-C 10芳基、-(CO)OC 5-C 10雜芳基、-(CO)NHC 1-C 6烷基、(CO)NHC 5-C 10芳基或(CO)NHC 5-C 10雜芳基,所述雜芳基、-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)OC 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基、-(CO)C 5-C 10雜芳基、-(CO)OC 5-C 10芳基、-(CO)OC 5-C 10雜芳基、-(CO)NHC 1-C 6烷基、(CO)NHC 5-C 10芳基或(CO)NHC 5-C 10雜芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素、OH、-O-C 1-C 6烷基、NR 6R 5、C 1-C 6烷基、C 5-C 10芳基和雜芳基取代; R 3或R 4獨立地選自H、D、鹵素或C 1-C 3烷基,所述烷基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代; R 5或R 6獨立地選自H、OH、C 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)OC 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基、-(CO)C 5-C 10雜芳基、C 5-C 10芳基或C 5-C 10雜芳基; link獨立地選自以下基團: ,其中R 7或R 8獨立地選自H和C 1-C 6烷基,並且R 7和R 8可以相互融合形成一個環。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, heteroaryl, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 Aryl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl, -(CO)OC 5 -C 10 aryl, -(CO)OC 5 -C 10 heteroaryl, -(CO)NHC 1 -C 6 Alkyl, (CO)NHC 5 -C 10 aryl or (CO)NHC 5 -C 10 heteroaryl, the heteroaryl, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl, -(CO)OC 5 -C 10 aryl, -(CO)OC 5 - C 10 heteroaryl, -(CO)NHC 1 -C 6 alkyl, (CO)NHC 5 -C 10 aryl or (CO)NHC 5 -C 10 heteroaryl is optionally replaced by one or more halogens, OH, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, NR 6 R 5 , C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 5 -C 10 aryl and heteroaryl substitution; R 3 or R 4 are independently selected from H, D, Halogen or C 1 -C 3 alkyl, the alkyl group is optionally substituted by one or more halogens; R 5 or R 6 is independently selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO) C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl, C 5 -C 10 Aryl or C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl; link is independently selected from the following groups: , wherein R 7 or R 8 is independently selected from H and C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and R 7 and R 8 can be fused to each other to form a ring.
在一些實施方案中,R 3或R 4獨立地選自H、D、F、Cl、Br、CH 3或CF 3。 In some embodiments, R 3 or R 4 is independently selected from H, D, F, Cl, Br, CH 3 or CF 3 .
在一些實施方案中,R 5或R 6獨立地選自H、OH、C 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基或-(CO)OC 1-C 6烷基。 In some embodiments, R 5 or R 6 is independently selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)OC 1 -C 6 alkyl .
又一方面,本發明涉及一種藥物組合物,包括藥學上可接受的賦形劑和本申請的化合物。In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient and a compound of the present application.
又一方面,本發明涉及一種治療或預防病人的病毒感染的方法。該方法包括向患者施用有效量的本申請的化合物的步驟。In yet another aspect, the invention relates to a method of treating or preventing viral infection in a patient. The method includes the step of administering to a patient an effective amount of a compound of the present application.
在一些實施方案中,該病毒感染是冠狀病毒的感染。In some embodiments, the viral infection is an infection with a coronavirus.
在一些實施方案中,該病毒感染是SARS-CoV2病毒的感染。In some embodiments, the viral infection is an infection with SARS-CoV2 virus.
詳述Elaborate
在以下的說明中,包括某些具體的細節以對各個公開的實施方案提供全面的理解。然而,相關領域的技術人員會認識到,不採用一個或多個這些具體的細節,而採用其它方法、部件、材料等的情況下可實現實施方案。In the following description, certain specific details are included to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, one skilled in the relevant art will recognize that embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details and using other methods, components, materials, etc.
除非本發明中另外要求,在整個說明書和其後的申請專利範圍中,詞語“包括”和“包含”應解釋為開放式的、含括式的意義,即“包括但不限於”。Unless otherwise required herein, throughout this specification and the following claims, the words "include" and "include" are to be interpreted in an open-ended, inclusive sense, that is, "including but not limited to."
在本發明和所附申請專利範圍中使用時,除非上下文另有明確規定,否則不帶數量指示的單數指稱物包括複數指稱物。As used in the scope of this invention and the appended claims, singular references without an indication of quantity include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
在整個本說明書中提到的“一實施方案”或“實施方案”或“在另一實施方案中”或“在某些實施方案中”意指在至少一實施方案中包括與該實施方案所述的相關的具體參考要素、結構或特徵。因此,在整個說明書中不同位置出現的短語“在一實施方案中”或“在實施方案中”或“在另一實施方案中”或“在某些實施方案中”不必全部指同一實施方案。此外,具體要素、結構或特徵可以任何適當的方式在一個或多個實施方案中結合。Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" or "in another embodiment" or "in certain embodiments" means that at least one embodiment includes the same Relevant specific reference elements, structures or characteristics described above. Thus, appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" or "in another embodiment" or "in certain embodiments" in various places throughout the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. . Furthermore, specific elements, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.
應當理解,在本發明的說明書和所附的申請專利範圍中用到的單數形式的冠詞“一”(對應於英文“a”、“an”和“the”)包括複數的對象,除非文中另外明確地規定。因此,例如提到的包含“藥學可接受的輔料”的緩釋片包括一種藥學可接受的輔料,或兩種或多種藥學可接受的輔料。It is to be understood that, as used in the description of the invention and the appended claims, the singular form "a" (corresponding to "a", "an" and "the") includes plural referents unless the context otherwise requires. clearly stated. Thus, for example, reference to an extended-release tablet containing "pharmaceutically acceptable excipients" includes one pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, or two or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
定義definition
由表明在所示化學基團中找到的碳原子總數的簡化符號在前面標示本文中命名的某些化學基團。例如,C 7-C 12烷基描述具有總數為7至12個碳原子的如下定義的烷基,並且C 4-C 12環烴基烷基描述具有總數為4至12個碳原子的如下定義的環烴基烷基。簡化符號中碳原子總數並不包含可能存在於所述基團的取代基中的碳。 Certain chemical groups named herein are preceded by a simplified symbol indicating the total number of carbon atoms found in the chemical group shown. For example, C 7 -C 12 alkyl describes an alkyl group having a total of 7 to 12 carbon atoms, as defined below, and a C 4 -C 12 cycloalkyl alkyl group describes an alkyl group having a total of 4 to 12 carbon atoms, as defined below Cycloalkylalkyl. The total number of carbon atoms in the simplified notation does not include carbons that may be present in substituents of the group in question.
因此,非另有相反的說明,否則說明書及所附申請專利範圍中所用的下列術語具有以下的意思。Therefore, unless otherwise stated to the contrary, the following terms used in the specification and appended claims have the following meanings.
本發明所使用的術語“氧代”係指=O基團。The term "oxo" as used herein refers to the =O group.
本發明所使用的術語“氰基”係指-CN基團。The term "cyano" as used herein refers to the -CN group.
本發明所使用的術語“硝基”係指-NO 2基團。 The term "nitro" as used herein refers to the -NO 2 group.
本發明所使用的術語“鹵素”係指氟、氯、溴或碘。The term "halogen" as used herein refers to fluorine, chlorine, bromine or iodine.
本發明所使用的術語“烷基”係指直鏈或支鏈的烴鏈基團,僅由碳與氫原子組成,不含有不飽和鍵,具有1至12個碳原子,且其藉由單鍵連接至分子的其餘部分。在某些實施方案中,烷基具有1至8個碳原子。在某些實施方案中,烷基具有1至6個碳原子。在某些實施方案中,烷基具有1至4個碳原子。在某些實施方案中,烷基的示例性實例包括但不限於甲基、乙基、正丙基、1-甲基乙基(異丙基)、正丁基、正戊基、1,1-二甲基乙基(叔丁基)、3-甲基己基、2-甲基己基等。在某些實施方案中,烷基可以是任選取代的,即取代的或未取代的。The term "alkyl" used in the present invention refers to a linear or branched hydrocarbon chain group, consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, without unsaturated bonds, with 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and it is composed of a single Bonds connect to the rest of the molecule. In certain embodiments, alkyl groups have 1 to 8 carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, alkyl groups have 1 to 6 carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, alkyl groups have 1 to 4 carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of alkyl include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 1-methylethyl(isopropyl), n-butyl, n-pentyl, 1,1 -Dimethylethyl (tert-butyl), 3-methylhexyl, 2-methylhexyl, etc. In certain embodiments, alkyl groups may be optionally substituted, that is, substituted or unsubstituted.
無論何時基團被描述為“任選取代的”,那麼該基團可以為未取代的或被一個或多個所示取代基所取代。同樣地,當基團被描述為“未取代或取代的”時,如果被取代,那麼取代基可以選自一個或多個所示取代基。如果未指明取代基,意味著所示“任選取代的”或“取代的”基團可以被一種或多種基團所取代,該基團單獨地或獨立地選自烷基、烯基、炔基、環烷基、環烯基、環炔基、芳基、雜芳基、雜脂環基、芳烷基、雜芳烷基、(雜脂環基)烷基、羥基、保護的羥基、烷氧基、芳氧基、醯基、巰基、烷硫基、芳硫基、氰基、鹵素、硫代羰基、O-氨基甲醯、N-氨基甲醯、O-硫代氨基甲醯、N-硫代氨基甲醯、C-醯胺基、N-醯胺基、S-磺醯胺基、N-磺醯胺基、C-羧基、保護的C-羧基、O-羧基、異氰酸基、硫氰酸鹽、異硫氰酸基、硝基、甲矽烷基、硫基、亞磺醯基、磺醯基、鹵代烷基、鹵代烷氧基、三鹵代甲烷磺醯基、三鹵代甲烷磺醯胺基、氨基、單取代的氨基和二取代的氨基及其被保護的衍生物。Whenever a group is described as "optionally substituted," the group may be unsubstituted or substituted with one or more of the indicated substituents. Likewise, when a group is described as "unsubstituted or substituted," if substituted, the substituent may be selected from one or more of the indicated substituents. If a substituent is not specified, it is meant that the indicated "optionally substituted" or "substituted" group may be substituted by one or more groups singly or independently selected from alkyl, alkenyl, alkyne Base, cycloalkyl, cycloalkenyl, cycloalkynyl, aryl, heteroaryl, heteroalicyclic, aralkyl, heteroarylalkyl, (heteroalicyclic)alkyl, hydroxyl, protected hydroxyl, Alkoxy, aryloxy, acyl, mercapto, alkylthio, arylthio, cyano, halogen, thiocarbonyl, O-carbamate, N-carbamate, O-thiocarbamate, N-Thiocarbamate, C-carboxylic acid, N-carboxylic acid, S-sulfonamide, N-sulfonamide, C-carboxylic acid, protected C-carboxylic acid, O-carboxylic acid, isocyanate Acid group, thiocyanate, isothiocyanato group, nitro group, silyl group, sulfonyl group, sulfenyl group, sulfonyl group, haloalkyl group, haloalkoxy group, trihalomethanesulfonyl group, trihalo Methanesulfonamide group, amino group, mono-substituted amino group and disubstituted amino group and their protected derivatives.
本發明所使用的術語“烷氧基”係指通式-OR,其中R是上文所定義的烷基。在某些實施方案中,烷氧基具有1至8個碳原子。在某些實施方案中,烷氧基具有1至6個碳原子。在某些實施方案中,烷氧基具有1至4個碳原子。在某些實施方案中,烷氧基的示例性實例包括但不限於甲氧基、乙氧基、正丙氧基、1-甲基乙氧基(異丙氧基)、正丁氧基、異丁氧基、仲丁氧基、叔丁氧基、戊氧基、叔戊氧基等。在某些實施方案中,烷氧基可以是任選取代的,即取代的或未取代的。The term "alkoxy" as used herein refers to the general formula -OR, where R is alkyl as defined above. In certain embodiments, alkoxy groups have 1 to 8 carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, alkoxy groups have 1 to 6 carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, alkoxy groups have 1 to 4 carbon atoms. In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of alkoxy include, but are not limited to, methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, 1-methylethoxy (isopropoxy), n-butoxy, Isobutoxy, sec-butoxy, tert-butoxy, pentyloxy, tert-pentyloxy, etc. In certain embodiments, alkoxy groups may be optionally substituted, that is, substituted or unsubstituted.
本發明所使用的術語“環烷基”係指穩定的非芳族單環或多環烷基,僅由碳與氫原子組成,其可包含經稠合或橋接的環系統,具有3至18個碳原子,在某些實施方案中具有3至15個碳原子,在某些實施方案中具有3至10個碳原子,且其為飽和的,並藉由單鍵連接至分子的其餘部份。在某些實施方案中,單環環烷基基團的示例性實例包括但不限於環丙基、環丁基、環戊基、環己基、環庚基及環辛基。多環環烷基基團的示例性實例包括但不限於金剛烷基、降莰烷基、十氫萘基、7,7-二甲基-雙環[2.2.1]庚烷基等。在某些實施方案中,環烷基可以是任選取代的,即取代的或未取代的。The term "cycloalkyl" as used in the present invention refers to a stable non-aromatic monocyclic or polycyclic alkyl group consisting only of carbon and hydrogen atoms, which may contain fused or bridged ring systems, with 3 to 18 carbon atoms, in some embodiments from 3 to 15 carbon atoms, in some embodiments from 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and is saturated and connected to the rest of the molecule by a single bond . In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of monocyclic cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, and cyclooctyl. Illustrative examples of polycyclic cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, adamantyl, norbornyl, decalinyl, 7,7-dimethyl-bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, and the like. In certain embodiments, cycloalkyl groups can be optionally substituted, that is, substituted or unsubstituted.
本發明所使用的術語“雜環烷基”係指三員、四員、五員、六員、七員、八員、九員、十員、高至18員的單環、雙環和三環體系,其中碳原子與1至5個雜原子構成所述環體系。雜原子為包括但不限於氧、硫和氮的不同於碳的元素。雜環還可以含有一種或多種羰基或硫羰基官能團從而使得定義包括諸如內醯胺、內酯、環醯亞胺、環硫代醯亞胺和環氨基甲酸酯的氧代體系和硫代體系。當由兩個或多個環組成時,該環可以以稠合方式連在一起。另外,雜環烷基中的任何氮可以為季銨化的。雜環烷基可以為未取代的或取代的。這類“雜環基”的實例包括但不限於1,3-二噁英、1,3-二氧六環、1,4-二氧六環、1,2-二氧戊環、1,3-二氧戊環、1,4-二氧戊環、1,3-氧硫雜環己烷、1,4-氧硫雜環己二烯、1、3-氧硫雜環戊烷(oxathiolane)、1,3-二硫雜環戊二烯、1,3-二硫戊環、1,4-氧硫雜環己烷、四氫-1,4-噻嗪、2H-1,2-噁嗪、馬來醯亞胺、琥珀醯亞胺、巴比妥酸、硫代巴比妥酸、二氧代呱嗪、乙內醯脲、二氫尿嘧啶、三噁烷、六氫-1,3,5-三嗪、咪唑啉、咪唑烷、異噁唑啉、異噁唑烷、噁唑啉、噁唑烷、噁唑烷酮、噻唑啉、噻唑烷、嗎啉、環氧乙烷、呱啶N-氧化物、呱啶、呱嗪、吡咯烷、吡咯烷酮、吡咯烷酮、4-呱啶酮、吡唑啉、吡唑烷、2-氧代吡咯烷、四氫吡喃、4H-吡喃、四氫噻喃、硫代嗎啉、硫代嗎啉基亞碸、硫代嗎啉基碸、以及其苯并稠合類似物(例如、苯并咪唑啉酮、四氫喹啉、3,4-亞甲基二氧苯基)。The term "heterocycloalkyl" used in the present invention refers to three-membered, four-membered, five-membered, six-membered, seven-membered, eight-membered, nine-membered, ten-membered, up to 18-membered monocyclic, bicyclic and tricyclic rings. Systems in which carbon atoms and 1 to 5 heteroatoms constitute the ring system. Heteroatoms are elements other than carbon including, but not limited to, oxygen, sulfur, and nitrogen. Heterocycles may also contain one or more carbonyl or thiocarbonyl functional groups such that the definition includes oxo and thio systems such as lactams, lactones, cycloimines, cyclothioimines and cyclic carbamates. . When consisting of two or more rings, the rings may be joined together in a fused manner. Additionally, any nitrogen in the heterocycloalkyl group may be quaternized. Heterocycloalkyl groups may be unsubstituted or substituted. Examples of such "heterocyclyl" include, but are not limited to, 1,3-dioxin, 1,3-dioxane, 1,4-dioxane, 1,2-dioxolane, 1, 3-dioxolane, 1,4-dioxolane, 1,3-oxathiolane, 1,4-oxathiolane, 1,3-oxathiolane ( oxathiolane), 1,3-dithiolane, 1,3-dithiolane, 1,4-oxathiolane, tetrahydro-1,4-thiazine, 2H-1,2 -Oxazine, maleimide, succinimide, barbituric acid, thiobarbituric acid, dioxopyrazine, hydantoin, dihydrouracil, trioxane, hexahydrogen- 1,3,5-triazine, imidazoline, imidazolidine, isoxazoline, isoxazolidine, oxazoline, oxazolidine, oxazolidinone, thiazoline, thiazolidine, morpholine, ethylene oxide Alkane, pyridine N-oxide, pyridine, pyridine, pyrrolidine, pyrrolidone, pyrrolidone, 4-pyridinone, pyrazoline, pyrazolidine, 2-oxopyrrolidine, tetrahydropyran, 4H- Pyran, tetrahydrothiopyran, thiomorpholine, thiomorpholinyl terine, thiomorpholinyl terine, and their benzo-condensed analogs (e.g., benzimidazolinone, tetrahydroquinoline, 3,4-methylenedioxyphenyl).
本發明所使用的術語“芳基”係指芳族單環或多環烴環系統,僅由氫與碳組成,且含有6至18個碳原子,其中所述環系統可為部分飽和。在某些實施方案中,芳基是C 6-C 14芳基。在某些實施方案中,芳基是C 6-C 12芳基。在某些實施方案中,芳基是C 6-C 10芳基。在某些實施方案中,芳基的示例性實例包括但不限於苯基、萘基及芴基。在某些實施方案中,芳基可以是任選取代的,即取代的或未取代的。 The term "aryl" as used in the present invention refers to an aromatic monocyclic or polycyclic hydrocarbon ring system, consisting only of hydrogen and carbon, and containing 6 to 18 carbon atoms, wherein the ring system may be partially saturated. In certain embodiments, aryl is C 6 -C 14 aryl. In certain embodiments, aryl is C 6 -C 12 aryl. In certain embodiments, aryl is C 6 -C 10 aryl. In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of aryl groups include, but are not limited to, phenyl, naphthyl, and fluorenyl. In certain embodiments, an aryl group can be optionally substituted, that is, substituted or unsubstituted.
本發明所使用的術語“雜芳基”係指5至18員芳香族環基團,其包含1至17個碳原子和1至10個選自氮、氧及硫的雜原子。對於本發明的目的,雜芳基可為單環、雙環、三環或四環的環系統,其可包含稠合的或橋接的環系統;且在雜芳基中的氮、碳或硫原子可任選地被氧化;氮原子可任選地被季銨化。在某些實施方案中,在雜芳基的環上可以含有4至14個原子。在某些實施方案中,在雜芳基的環上可以含有5至10個原子。在某些實施方案中,在雜芳基的環上可以含有5至6個原子。在某些實施方案中,雜芳基的示例性實例包括但不限於氮雜基、吖啶基、苯并咪唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并吲哚基、苯并二氧戊環基、苯并呋喃基、苯并噁唑基、苯并噻唑基、苯并噻二唑基、苯并[b][1,4]二氧雜環庚基、1,4-苯并二噁烷基、苯并萘并呋喃基、苯并二氧戊環基、苯并二噁烯基、苯并吡喃基、苯并吡喃酮基、苯并呋喃基、苯并呋喃酮基、苯并噻吩基、苯并三唑基、苯并[4,6]咪唑并[1,2-a]吡啶基、哢唑基、噌啉基、二苯并呋喃基、二苯并噻吩基、咪唑并吡啶基、咪唑并呱嗪基、咪唑并呱啶基、呋喃基、呋喃酮基、異噻唑基、咪唑基、吲唑基、吲哚基、吲唑基、異吲哚基、二氫吲哚基、異二氫吲哚基、異喹啉基、中氮茚基、異噁唑基、萘基、二氮雜萘基、二唑啉基、2-氧代氮雜基、噁唑基、環氧乙烷基、1-苯基-1H-吡咯基、吩嗪基、吩噻嗪基、吩噁嗪基、2,3-二氮雜萘基、蝶啶基、嘌呤基、吡咯基、吡唑基、吡啶基、吡嗪基、嘧啶基、噠嗪基、吡咯基、喹唑啉基、喹喔啉基、喹啉基、奎寧環基、異喹啉基、四氫喹啉基、噻唑基、噻二唑基、三唑基、四唑基、三嗪基及噻吩基。在某些實施方案中,雜芳基可以是任選取代的,即取代的或未取代的。The term "heteroaryl" used in the present invention refers to a 5 to 18-membered aromatic ring group containing 1 to 17 carbon atoms and 1 to 10 heteroatoms selected from nitrogen, oxygen and sulfur. For the purposes of the present invention, a heteroaryl group may be a monocyclic, bicyclic, tricyclic or tetracyclic ring system, which may contain fused or bridged ring systems; and a nitrogen, carbon or sulfur atom in the heteroaryl group May be optionally oxidized; nitrogen atoms may be optionally quaternized. In certain embodiments, a heteroaryl group may contain 4 to 14 atoms in the ring. In certain embodiments, a heteroaryl group may contain 5 to 10 atoms in the ring. In certain embodiments, a heteroaryl group may contain 5 to 6 atoms in the ring. In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of heteroaryl include, but are not limited to, azepine, acridinyl, benzimidazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzindolyl, benzodioxolanyl, Benzofuranyl, benzoxazolyl, benzothiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzo[b][1,4]dioxanyl, 1,4-benzodioxanyl , benzonaphthofuranyl, benzodioxolane, benzodioxenyl, benzopyranyl, benzopyranonyl, benzofuranyl, benzofuranonyl, benzothiophene base, benzotriazolyl, benzo[4,6]imidazo[1,2-a]pyridyl, terazolyl, cinnolinyl, dibenzofuranyl, dibenzothienyl, imidazopyridine base, imidazopyrazinyl, imidazopiridinyl, furyl, furanonyl, isothiazolyl, imidazolyl, indazolyl, indolyl, indazolyl, isoindolyl, indolyl , isoindolyl, isoquinolinyl, indanyl, isoxazolyl, naphthyl, diazanaphthyl, diazolinyl, 2-oxoazepine, oxazolyl, ring Oxyethyl, 1-phenyl-1H-pyrrolyl, phenazinyl, phenothiazinyl, phenoxazinyl, 2,3-diazanaphthyl, pteridinyl, purinyl, pyrrolyl, pyridyl Azolyl, pyridyl, pyrazinyl, pyrimidinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrrolyl, quinazolinyl, quinoxalinyl, quinolinyl, quinuclidinyl, isoquinolinyl, tetrahydroquinolinyl, Thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, triazolyl, tetrazolyl, triazinyl and thienyl. In certain embodiments, heteroaryl groups can be optionally substituted, that is, substituted or unsubstituted.
本發明所使用的術語“生理學上可接受的”限定不消除該化合物的生物活性和性質的載體、稀釋劑或賦形劑。The term "physiologically acceptable" as used herein defines carriers, diluents or excipients which do not eliminate the biological activity and properties of the compound.
本發明所使用的術語“載體”係指實現將化合物納入細胞或組織的物質。As used herein, the term "vector" refers to a substance that effects the incorporation of a compound into cells or tissues.
本發明所使用的術語“賦形劑”是指為組合物提供(不限制)體積(bulk)、一致性、穩定性、結合能力、潤滑性和崩解能力等而向藥物組合物中添加的惰性物質。The term "excipient" used in the present invention refers to those added to the pharmaceutical composition to provide (without limitation) volume, consistency, stability, binding ability, lubricity, disintegration ability, etc. to the composition. Inert substances.
本發明所使用的術語“稀釋劑”是指藥物組合物中的成分,其不具有藥物活性但是可以是藥用必須的或期望的。The term "diluent" as used herein refers to an ingredient in a pharmaceutical composition that is not pharmaceutically active but may be necessary or desirable for pharmaceutical use.
本發明所使用的術語“哺乳動物”是指包括例如狗、貓、牛、羊、馬和人類等的動物。在某些實施方案中,哺乳動物包括人類。The term "mammal" as used in the present invention refers to animals including, for example, dogs, cats, cattle, sheep, horses, humans, and the like. In certain embodiments, mammals include humans.
本發明所使用的術語“患者”是指動物(例如,人)、伴侶動物(例如,狗、貓或馬)和家畜(例如,牛、豬和羊)。在某些實施方案中,患者是包括雄性和雌性的哺乳動物。在某些實施方案中,患者為人類。The term "patient" as used herein refers to animals (eg, humans), companion animals (eg, dogs, cats, or horses), and livestock (eg, cattle, pigs, and sheep). In certain embodiments, the patient is a mammal including both male and female. In certain embodiments, the patient is a human.
本發明所用術語“可藥用”或“藥學可接受”是指必須與製劑的其它成分相容並且不會對其接受者有害的載體、載劑、稀釋劑、賦形劑和/或鹽。The term "pharmaceutically acceptable" or "pharmaceutically acceptable" as used herein refers to a carrier, carrier, diluent, excipient and/or salt which must be compatible with the other ingredients of the formulation and not deleterious to the recipient thereof.
本發明所使用的術語“任選的”或“任選地”意為隨後描述的事件或狀況可以發生也可以不發生,且說明書包括該事件或狀況發生的情況及未發生的情況。As used herein, the terms "optional" or "optionally" mean that the subsequently described event or condition may or may not occur, and that the description includes the occurrence or absence of the event or condition.
本發明所使用的“藥學可接受的載體、稀釋劑或賦形劑”包括但不限於已經被美國食品與藥品管理局認可的而可用於人類或動物的任何佐劑、載體、賦形劑、助流劑、甜味劑、稀釋劑、防腐劑、染料/著色劑、香味增強劑、表面活性劑、潤濕劑、分散劑、助懸劑、穩定劑、等滲壓劑、溶劑或乳化劑等對組成藥物組合物無副作用的各種形式的載體。The "pharmaceutically acceptable carrier, diluent or excipient" used in the present invention includes, but is not limited to, any adjuvant, carrier, excipient that has been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and can be used in humans or animals. Glidants, sweeteners, diluents, preservatives, dyes/colorants, flavor enhancers, surfactants, wetting agents, dispersants, suspending agents, stabilizers, isotonic agents, solvents or emulsifiers Various forms of carriers that have no side effects on the composition of pharmaceutical compositions.
本發明所使用的術語“藥學可接受的鹽”包括“可以接受的酸加合鹽”和“可以接受的鹼加合鹽”。The term "pharmaceutically acceptable salts" as used in the present invention includes "acceptable acid addition salts" and "acceptable base addition salts".
“可以接受的酸加合鹽”指保持游離鹼的生物學有效性和性質的那些鹽,所述酸加合鹽是在生物學或其它方面合適的並且是使用無機酸或有機酸來形成的,所述無機酸例如但不限於鹽酸、氫溴酸、硫酸、硝酸、磷酸等,所述有機酸例如但不限於乙酸、2,2-二氯乙酸、己二酸、褐藻酸、抗壞血酸、天冬氨酸、苯磺酸、苯羧酸、4-乙醯胺基苯羧酸、樟腦酸、樟腦-10-磺酸、癸酸、己酸、辛酸、碳酸、肉桂酸、檸檬酸、環己烷基氨基磺酸、十二烷基硫酸、乙烷-1,2-二磺酸、乙烷磺酸、2-羥基乙烷磺酸、甲酸、富馬酸、黏酸、龍膽酸、葡庚糖酸、葡糖酸、葡糖醛酸、谷氨酸、戊二酸、2-氧代-戊二酸、甘油磷酸、乙醇酸、馬尿酸、異丁酸、乳酸、乳糖醛酸、月桂酸、馬來酸、蘋果酸、丙二酸、扁桃酸、甲烷磺酸、黏酸、萘-1,5-二磺酸、萘-2-磺酸、1-羥基-2-萘甲酸、煙酸、油酸、乳清酸、草酸、棕櫚酸、雙羥萘酸、丙酸、焦谷氨酸、丙酮酸、水楊酸、4-氨基水楊酸、癸二酸、硬脂酸、丁二酸、酒石酸、硫氰酸、對甲苯磺酸、三氟乙酸、十一碳烯酸等。"Acceptable acid addition salts" refer to those salts which retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the free base, are biologically or otherwise suitable and are formed using inorganic or organic acids , the inorganic acid such as but not limited to hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, etc., the organic acid such as but not limited to acetic acid, 2,2-dichloroacetic acid, adipic acid, alginic acid, ascorbic acid, ascorbic acid, etc. Partic acid, benzenesulfonic acid, benzenecarboxylic acid, 4-acetamidobenzenecarboxylic acid, camphoric acid, camphor-10-sulfonic acid, capric acid, caproic acid, caprylic acid, carbonic acid, cinnamic acid, citric acid, cyclohexane Alkylaminosulfonic acid, dodecyl sulfate, ethane-1,2-disulfonic acid, ethanesulfonic acid, 2-hydroxyethanesulfonic acid, formic acid, fumaric acid, mucic acid, gentisic acid, glucose Heptonic acid, gluconic acid, glucuronic acid, glutamic acid, glutaric acid, 2-oxo-glutaric acid, glycerophosphate, glycolic acid, hippuric acid, isobutyric acid, lactic acid, lacturonic acid, lauric acid Acid, maleic acid, malic acid, malonic acid, mandelic acid, methane sulfonic acid, mucic acid, naphthalene-1,5-disulfonic acid, naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid, 1-hydroxy-2-naphthoic acid, tobacco Acid, oleic acid, orotic acid, oxalic acid, palmitic acid, pamoic acid, propionic acid, pyroglutamic acid, pyruvic acid, salicylic acid, 4-aminosalicylic acid, sebacic acid, stearic acid, butyric acid Diacid, tartaric acid, thiocyanic acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid, trifluoroacetic acid, undecenoic acid, etc.
“可以接受的鹼加合鹽”指保持游離酸的生物學有效性和性質的那些鹽,所述鹼加合鹽是在生物學或其它方面合適的。向游離酸中加入無機鹼或有機鹼來製備這些鹽。由無機鹼衍生的鹽包括但不限於鈉、鉀、鋰、銨、鈣、鎂、鐵、鋅、銅、錳、鋁鹽等。在某些實施方案中,無機鹽為銨、鈉、鉀、鈣及鎂鹽。由有機鹼衍生的鹽包括但不限於伯、仲和叔胺的鹽、包括天然存在的取代的胺在內的取代的胺、環胺和鹼性離子交換樹脂的鹽,例如氨、異丙胺、三甲胺、二乙胺、三乙胺、三丙胺、二乙醇胺、乙醇胺、2-二甲氨基乙醇、2-二乙氨基乙醇、二環己胺、賴氨酸、精氨酸、組氨酸、咖啡因、普魯卡因、海巴明、膽鹼、甜菜鹼、苄胺、苯乙二胺、乙二胺、葡萄糖胺、甲基葡糖胺、可可鹼、三乙醇胺、氨基丁三醇、嘌呤、呱嗪、呱啶、N-乙基呱啶、聚胺樹脂等。在某些實施方案中,有機鹼是異丙胺、二乙胺、乙醇胺、三甲胺、二環己胺、膽鹼和咖啡因。"Acceptable base addition salts" refer to those salts that retain the biological effectiveness and properties of the free acid and are biologically or otherwise suitable. These salts are prepared by adding an inorganic or organic base to the free acid. Salts derived from inorganic bases include, but are not limited to, sodium, potassium, lithium, ammonium, calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, manganese, aluminum salts, and the like. In certain embodiments, the inorganic salts are ammonium, sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium salts. Salts derived from organic bases include, but are not limited to, salts of primary, secondary and tertiary amines, substituted amines including naturally occurring substituted amines, cyclic amines and salts of basic ion exchange resins such as ammonia, isopropylamine, Trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, diethanolamine, ethanolamine, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, 2-diethylaminoethanol, dicyclohexylamine, lysine, arginine, histidine, Caffeine, procaine, hypamine, choline, betaine, benzylamine, phenylethylenediamine, ethylenediamine, glucosamine, methylglucamine, theobromine, triethanolamine, tromethamine, Purine, pipiazine, pipidine, N-ethylpipidine, polyamine resin, etc. In certain embodiments, the organic base is isopropylamine, diethylamine, ethanolamine, trimethylamine, dicyclohexylamine, choline, and caffeine.
通常,結晶化作用會產生本發明化合物的溶劑化物。本發明使用的術語“溶劑化物”係指包含一個或多個本發明的化合物分子與一個或多個溶劑分子的聚集體。溶劑可為水,此時溶劑化物可為水合物。或者,溶劑可為有機溶劑。因此,本發明的化合物可以水合物形式存在,包括單水合物、二水合物、半水合物、倍半水合物、三水合物、四水合物等,以及以相應的溶劑化形式存在。本發明的化合物可為真實溶劑化物,而在其它情況中,本發明的化合物可僅保留偶發的水或為水加上一部份偶發溶劑的混合物。Typically, crystallization results in solvates of the compounds of the invention. The term "solvate" as used herein refers to an aggregate comprising one or more molecules of a compound of the invention and one or more molecules of a solvent. The solvent can be water, in which case the solvate can be a hydrate. Alternatively, the solvent may be an organic solvent. Accordingly, the compounds of the present invention may exist in hydrated forms, including monohydrate, dihydrate, hemihydrate, sesquihydrate, trihydrate, tetrahydrate, etc., as well as in corresponding solvated forms. The compounds of the present invention may be true solvates, while in other cases the compounds of the present invention may retain only the occasional water or be a mixture of water plus a portion of the occasional solvent.
本發明所使用的術語“藥物組合物”指本發明中所述的化合物與通常被本領域所接受的將生物活化化合物輸送至諸如人類等哺乳動物的介質所形成的製劑。這樣的介質包括所有藥學可接受的載體、稀釋劑或賦形劑。As used herein, the term "pharmaceutical composition" refers to a formulation of a compound described in the present invention and a vehicle generally accepted in the art for delivering the bioactive compound to a mammal such as a human. Such media include all pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, diluents or excipients.
本發明所使用的“治療有效量”係指改善、減弱或消除特定疾病或病況和特定疾病或病況的症狀、或者避免或延遲特定疾病或病況或者特定疾病或病況的症狀的發病的化合物或化合物組合的量。根據化合物、疾病狀態及其嚴重性、以及待治療哺乳動物的年齡、體重等,構成“治療有效量”的本發明中所述的化合物的量將會不同,但是本領域的技術人員根據其自身的知識以及本發明可以依慣例確定本發明中所述的化合物的量。As used herein, a "therapeutically effective amount" refers to a compound or compounds that ameliorates, attenuates, or eliminates a specified disease or condition and symptoms of a specified disease or condition, or avoids or delays the onset of a specified disease or condition, or symptoms of a specified disease or condition. Amount of combination. The amount of a compound described in the present invention that constitutes a "therapeutically effective amount" will vary depending on the compound, the state of the disease and its severity, and the age, weight, etc. of the mammal to be treated, but those skilled in the art will vary according to their own The amount of compounds described in the present invention can be routinely determined based on the knowledge and knowledge of the present invention.
本發明所用的“進行治療”或“治療”涵蓋患有相關疾病或病症的哺乳動物例如人類中治療相關的疾病或疾病狀態,並且包括: (i) 預防疾病或疾病狀態在哺乳動物中發生,尤其是當該哺乳動物易感於所述疾病狀態,但尚未被診斷出患有這種疾病狀態時; (ii) 抑制疾病或疾病狀態,即阻止其發生;或者 (iii) 緩解疾病或疾病狀態,即使疾病或疾病狀態消退或不進展。 As used herein, "treating" or "treating" encompasses the treatment of a relevant disease or condition in a mammal, such as a human, suffering from the relevant disease or condition, and includes: (i) prevent the occurrence of a disease or disease state in a mammal, in particular where the mammal is susceptible to said disease state but has not yet been diagnosed with such disease state; (ii) inhibit a disease or disease state, that is, prevent its occurrence; or (iii) Alleviation of a disease or disease state, i.e., regression or non-progression of a disease or disease state.
正如本發明所用的那樣,術語“疾病”和“疾病狀態”可以相互交換使用,或者可以是不同的,因為特殊的疾病或疾病狀態可能並沒有已知的致病因子(因此不能用病因學解釋),因此其不被公認為是疾病,而是被認為是不期望的疾病狀態或病症,其中臨床醫生已經鑒定出或多或少的特定系列的症狀。As used herein, the terms "disease" and "disease state" may be used interchangeably, or may be different, since a particular disease or disease state may not have a known causative agent (and therefore cannot be explained by etiology). ), it is therefore not recognized as a disease, but rather as an undesirable disease state or condition in which clinicians have identified a more or less specific set of symptoms.
本發明中所述的化合物或其藥學可接受的鹽可以含一個或多個不對稱中心,並且因此可以產生對映異構體、非對映異構體、以及其它立體異構形式,可以根據絕對立體化學將其定義為I-或(S)-,或氨基酸的(D)-或(L)-。本發明旨在包括所有這些可能的異構體,以及其外消旋形式和光學純的形式。可使用手性合成子(chiral synthon)或手性試劑製備旋光的(+)和(-)、I-和(S)-、或(D)-和(L)-異構體,或使用常規技術進行拆分,如使用手性柱的HPLC。當本發明中所述的化合物含有烯雙鍵或其它幾何不對稱中心時,除非另有說明,否則意味著化合物包括E和Z幾何異構體。同樣,還意味著包括所有的互變異構形式。The compounds described in the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof may contain one or more asymmetric centers, and thus may produce enantiomers, diastereoisomers, and other stereoisomeric forms, which may be Absolute stereochemistry defines it as I- or (S)-, or (D)- or (L)- for amino acids. The present invention is intended to include all such possible isomers, as well as racemic and optically pure forms thereof. Optically active (+) and (-), I- and (S)-, or (D)- and (L)-isomers can be prepared using chiral synthons or chiral reagents, or using conventional techniques such as HPLC using chiral columns. When a compound described in the present invention contains an olefinic double bond or other center of geometric asymmetry, it is meant that the compound includes E and Z geometric isomers unless otherwise stated. Likewise, all tautomeric forms are also intended to be included.
“立體異構體”係指由相同的鍵鍵合的相同的原子組成的,但具有不可互換的不同三維結構的化合物。本發明涵蓋各種立體異構體及其混合物。"Stereoisomers" refer to compounds that are composed of the same atoms bound by the same bonds, but have different three-dimensional structures that are not interchangeable. The present invention encompasses various stereoisomers and mixtures thereof.
“順反異構體”係指具有相同分子式的分子,由於存在雙鍵或環等因素,使鍵的自由旋轉受阻,而導致產生相鄰原子或原子團之間相對距離不同的空間配置。"Cis-trans isomers" refer to molecules with the same molecular formula. Due to factors such as double bonds or rings, the free rotation of the bonds is hindered, resulting in spatial configurations with different relative distances between adjacent atoms or atomic groups.
“互變異構體”係指質子從分子的一個原子移轉至相同分子的另一個原子。本發明包括任何所述化合物的互變異構體。"Tautomer" refers to the transfer of a proton from one atom of a molecule to another atom of the same molecule. The present invention includes tautomers of any of the compounds described.
本發明所使用的術語“前藥”是為了表示可在生理條件下或藉由溶劑分解被轉化成本發明的生物活性化合物的化合物。因此,術語“前藥”是指本發明化合物的藥學可接受代謝前體。前藥當被給予有需要的個體時可以是無活性的,但在體內被轉化成本發明的活性化合物。前藥通常在體內迅速地轉變成本發明的母體化合物,例如通過在血液中水解。前藥化合物經常在哺乳動物生物體中提供溶解度、組織相容性或延遲釋放的優點(參見Bundgard, H., Design of Prodrugs(前藥設計)(1985),pp.7-9,21-24,(Elsevier, Amsterdam))。關於前藥的討論提供於Higuchi, T., et al, “Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems (前藥作為新型傳遞體系)”,A.C.S.Symposium Series, Vol.14及Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design(藥物設計中的生物可逆性載體),Ed. Edward B. Roche, American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press, 1987,此兩者均全部以參考文獻的形式並於本文。The term "prodrug" as used herein is intended to mean a compound that can be converted to a bioactive compound of the invention under physiological conditions or by solvolysis. Thus, the term "prodrug" refers to a pharmaceutically acceptable metabolic precursor of a compound of the invention. Prodrugs can be inactive when administered to an individual in need thereof, but are converted in the body to the active compounds of the invention. Prodrugs are typically converted rapidly in vivo to the parent compound of the invention, for example by hydrolysis in the blood. Prodrug compounds often offer solubility, histocompatibility, or delayed release advantages in mammalian organisms (see Bundgard, H., Design of Prodrugs (1985), pp. 7-9, 21-24 , (Elsevier, Amsterdam)). Discussions of prodrugs are provided in Higuchi, T., et al, “Pro-drugs as Novel Delivery Systems,” A.C.S. Symposium Series, Vol. 14, and Bioreversible Carriers in Drug Design Bioreversible Carriers), Ed. Edward B. Roche, American Pharmaceutical Association and Pergamon Press, 1987, both of which are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety.
本發明所使用的術語“前藥”也是為了包括當這些前藥被給予哺乳動物物件時,會在體內釋放出本發明的活性化合物的任何共價結合的載體。本發明的化合物的前藥可藉由修飾存在於本發明化合物上的官能團而製備,其方式使得在常規操作中或在體內這些修飾過的物質被分裂成為本發明的母體化合物。前藥包括本發明的化合物,其中羥基、氨基或巰基結合在任何基團上,當本發明化合物的前藥被給予哺乳動物物件時,其發生分裂以分別形成自由羥基、自由氨基或自由巰基。前藥的實例包括但不限於本發明的化合物中的醇官能團的醋酸酯、甲酸酯及苯甲酸酯衍生物,或胺官能團的醯胺衍生物等。The term "prodrug" as used herein is also intended to include any covalently bound carrier that releases the active compound of the invention in vivo when such prodrug is administered to a mammalian subject. Prodrugs of the compounds of the invention can be prepared by modifying the functional groups present on the compounds of the invention in such a manner that these modified substances are cleaved to the parent compound of the invention during routine manipulation or in vivo. Prodrugs include compounds of the present invention in which a hydroxyl, amino or thiol group is bound to any group that, when administered to a mammalian subject, cleaves to form a free hydroxyl, free amino or free thiol group, respectively. Examples of prodrugs include, but are not limited to, acetate, formate and benzoate derivatives of alcohol functional groups in the compounds of the present invention, or amide derivatives of amine functional groups, and the like.
本發明還包含所公開的化合物的體內代謝產物。主要由於酶過程,藉由對給予的化合物進行氧化、還原、水解、醯胺化、酯化等得到這些產物。因此,本發明包括藉由一種方法產生的化合物,該方法包括使本發明的化合物與哺乳動物接觸一段時間,這段時間足以產生其代謝產物。代謝產物的鑒定典型地藉由製備本發明化合物的放射性標記的同位素、將其以可檢測的劑量(例如,大於約0.5mg/kg)非腸道給予動物,例如大鼠、小鼠、豚鼠、猴、或人,允許充分的時間以發生代謝(典型地約30秒到30小時)和從尿、血液或其他生物樣本分離其轉化產物。這些產物容易分離,因為他們是被標記的(其它藉由利用能夠結合存在於代謝物中的抗原表位的抗體分離)。以常規的方式確定代謝物結構,例如,藉由MS,LC/MS或NMR分析。通常,代謝物的分析是以與本領域技術人員公知的常規藥物代謝研究相同的方法進行的。只要代謝物產物不是以其它方式在體內不能被發現,否則它們可用於本發明的化合物的治療劑量給藥的檢定測定法。The present invention also encompasses in vivo metabolites of the disclosed compounds. These products are obtained by oxidation, reduction, hydrolysis, amidation, esterification, etc. of the given compounds, mainly due to enzymatic processes. Accordingly, the present invention includes compounds produced by a process that involves contacting a compound of the invention with a mammal for a period of time sufficient to produce its metabolites. Metabolites are typically identified by preparing radiolabeled isotopes of the compounds of the invention and administering them parenterally to animals, such as rats, mice, guinea pigs, at detectable doses (e.g., greater than about 0.5 mg/kg). Monkeys, or humans, are allowed sufficient time for metabolism to occur (typically about 30 seconds to 30 hours) and for isolation of its transformation products from urine, blood, or other biological samples. These products are easily isolated because they are labeled (others are isolated by using antibodies capable of binding to epitopes present in the metabolites). Metabolite structures are determined in a conventional manner, for example, by MS, LC/MS or NMR analysis. Generally, analysis of metabolites is performed in the same manner as conventional drug metabolism studies known to those skilled in the art. As long as the metabolite products are not otherwise undetectable in vivo, they may be used in assays for the administration of therapeutic doses of the compounds of the invention.
一方面,本發明涉及一種式II化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素和OH取代。 In one aspect, the invention relates to a compound of formula II, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, said -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens and OH.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式III化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula III, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 is selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, the -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -( CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
另一方面,本發明涉及一種式IV化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素和OH取代。 In another aspect, the invention relates to a compound of formula IV, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, said -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens and OH.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式V化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula V, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 is selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, the -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -( CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式VI化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素和OH取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula VI, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, said -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens and OH.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式VII化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula VII, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 is selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, the -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -( CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式VIII化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素和OH取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula VIII, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, said -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens and OH.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式IX化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中 R 1選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula IX, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein R 1 is selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, the -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO )C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式X化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素和OH取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula X, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, said -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl radical, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl optionally substituted by one or more halogens and OH.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式XI化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1選自H,-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基,所述-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基,或-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula XI, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 is selected from H, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, the -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -( CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl is optionally substituted with one or more halogens.
另方面,本發明涉及一種式I化合物、或其藥學上可接受的鹽: 其中, R 1或R 2獨立地選自H、雜芳基、-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)OC 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基、-(CO)C 5-C 10雜芳基、-(CO)OC 5-C 10芳基、-(CO)OC 5-C 10雜芳基、-(CO)NHC 1-C 6烷基、(CO)NHC 5-C 10芳基或(CO)NHC 5-C 10雜芳基,所述雜芳基、-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)OC 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基、-(CO)C 5-C 10雜芳基、-(CO)OC 5-C 10芳基、-(CO)OC 5-C 10雜芳基、-(CO)NHC 1-C 6烷基、(CO)NHC 5-C 10芳基或(CO)NHC 5-C 10雜芳基任選地被一個或多個鹵素、OH、-O-C 1-C 6烷基、NR 6R 5、C 1-C 6烷基、C 5-C 10芳基和雜芳基取代; R 3或R 4獨立地選自H、D、鹵素或C 1-C 3烷基,所述烷基任選地被一個或多個鹵素取代; R 5或R 6獨立地選自H、OH、C 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)OC 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)C 5-C 10芳基、-(CO)C 5-C 10雜芳基、C 5-C 10芳基或C 5-C 10雜芳基; link獨立地選自以下基團: ,其中R 7或R 8獨立地選自H和C 1-C 6烷基,並且R 7和R 8可以相互融合形成一個環。 In another aspect, the present invention relates to a compound of formula I, or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof: Wherein, R 1 or R 2 is independently selected from H, heteroaryl, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 Aryl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl, -(CO)OC 5 -C 10 aryl, -(CO)OC 5 -C 10 heteroaryl, -(CO)NHC 1 -C 6 Alkyl, (CO)NHC 5 -C 10 aryl or (CO)NHC 5 -C 10 heteroaryl, the heteroaryl, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl, -(CO)OC 5 -C 10 aryl, -(CO)OC 5 - C 10 heteroaryl, -(CO)NHC 1 -C 6 alkyl, (CO)NHC 5 -C 10 aryl or (CO)NHC 5 -C 10 heteroaryl is optionally replaced by one or more halogens, OH, -OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, NR 6 R 5 , C 1 -C 6 alkyl, C 5 -C 10 aryl and heteroaryl substitution; R 3 or R 4 are independently selected from H, D, Halogen or C 1 -C 3 alkyl, the alkyl group is optionally substituted by one or more halogens; R 5 or R 6 is independently selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO) C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)OC 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 aryl, -(CO)C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl, C 5 -C 10 Aryl or C 5 -C 10 heteroaryl; link is independently selected from the following groups: , wherein R 7 or R 8 is independently selected from H and C 1 -C 6 alkyl, and R 7 and R 8 can be fused to each other to form a ring.
在一些實施方案中,R 3或R 4獨立地選自H、D、F、Cl、Br、CH 3或CF 3。 In some embodiments, R 3 or R 4 is independently selected from H, D, F, Cl, Br, CH 3 or CF 3 .
在一些實施方案中,R 5或R 6獨立地選自H、OH、C 1-C 6烷基、-(CO)C 1-C 6烷基或-(CO)OC 1-C 6烷基。 In some embodiments, R 5 or R 6 is independently selected from H, OH, C 1 -C 6 alkyl, -(CO)C 1 -C 6 alkyl, or -(CO)OC 1 -C 6 alkyl .
另方面,本發明涉及如下化合物、其藥學上可接受的鹽: 。 On the other hand, the present invention relates to the following compounds and pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof: .
藥物組合物pharmaceutical composition
另一方面,本發明涉及包含本發明涉及化合物的藥物組合物。In another aspect, the invention relates to pharmaceutical compositions comprising compounds contemplated by the invention.
在某些實施例中,藥物組合物包括本發明涉及的化合物和藥學上可接受的載體。In certain embodiments, pharmaceutical compositions include a compound contemplated by the invention and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
在某些實施方案中,本發明的藥物組合物包括生理可接受的表面活性劑、載體、稀釋劑、賦形劑、光滑劑、混懸劑、成膜物質、包衣助劑或其組合,以及本發明的化合物、其藥學上可接受的鹽、異構體、前藥或代謝產物。用於治療用途的可接受載體或稀釋劑在藥物領域是公知的,並且例如在Remington’s Pharmaceutical Sciences(雷明頓製藥學),18 thEd., Mack Publishing Co., Easton, PA(1990))中有描述,本文將其全部內容引入作為參考。 In certain embodiments, the pharmaceutical compositions of the present invention include physiologically acceptable surfactants, carriers, diluents, excipients, lubricants, suspensions, film-forming substances, coating auxiliaries, or combinations thereof, As well as compounds of the invention, pharmaceutically acceptable salts, isomers, prodrugs or metabolites thereof. Acceptable carriers or diluents for therapeutic use are well known in the pharmaceutical art and are described, for example, in Remington's Pharmaceutical Sciences, 18th Ed., Mack Publishing Co., Easton, PA (1990). Description, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
在藥物組合物中可以提供防腐劑、穩定劑、染料、甜味劑、芳香劑、香料等。例如,可加入作為防腐劑的苯甲酸鈉、抗壞血酸以及對羥基苯甲酸的酯。另外,可以使用抗氧化劑和混懸劑。Preservatives, stabilizers, dyes, sweeteners, fragrances, flavors, and the like may be provided in the pharmaceutical compositions. For example, sodium benzoate, ascorbic acid and esters of parahydroxybenzoic acid may be added as preservatives. In addition, antioxidants and suspending agents may be used.
在不同的實施方案中,醇、酯、硫酸化脂族醇等可用作表面活性劑;蔗糖、葡萄糖、乳糖、澱粉、結晶纖維素、甘露醇、輕質無水矽酸鹽、鋁酸鎂、鋁酸甲基矽酸鎂、合成矽酸鋁、碳酸鈣、碳酸氫鈣、磷酸氫鈣、羥甲基纖維素鈣等可用作賦形劑;硬脂酸鎂、滑石、硬化油等可用作光滑劑;椰子油、橄欖油、麻油、花生油、大豆可用作混懸劑或潤滑劑;作為諸如纖維素或糖等糖類的衍生物的醋酞纖維素、或作為聚乙烯的衍生物的乙酸甲酯-異丁烯酸酯共聚物可用作混懸劑;以及諸如酞酸酯等的增塑劑可用作混懸劑。In various embodiments, alcohols, esters, sulfated aliphatic alcohols, and the like can be used as surfactants; sucrose, glucose, lactose, starch, crystalline cellulose, mannitol, light anhydrous silicates, magnesium aluminate, Magnesium aluminate methyl silicate, synthetic aluminum silicate, calcium carbonate, calcium bicarbonate, calcium hydrogen phosphate, calcium hydroxymethyl cellulose, etc. can be used as excipients; magnesium stearate, talc, hardened oil, etc. can be used As a lubricant; coconut oil, olive oil, sesame oil, peanut oil, soybean oil can be used as a suspension or lubricant; cellulose acetate as a derivative of sugars such as cellulose or sugar, or as a derivative of polyethylene Methyl acetate-methacrylate copolymers can be used as suspension agents; and plasticizers such as phthalates can be used as suspension agents.
合適的給藥途徑可以例如包括口服給藥、直腸給藥、透膜給藥、局部給藥或腸內給藥;腸胃外輸送包括肌內注射、皮下注射、靜脈注射、髓內注射以及鞘內注射、直接心室內注射、腹膜內注射、鼻內注射或眼內注射。化合物也能夠在包括儲庫型注射(depotinjections)、滲透泵、丸劑、透皮(包括電遷移)貼片等在內的緩釋或控釋的劑型中以預先確定的速率進行延長和/或定時、脈衝給藥。Suitable routes of administration may include, for example, oral, rectal, transmembrane, topical or enteral administration; parenteral delivery includes intramuscular, subcutaneous, intravenous, intramedullary and intrathecal Injection, direct intraventricular injection, intraperitoneal injection, intranasal injection or intraocular injection. The compounds can also be extended and/or timed at a predetermined rate in sustained or controlled release dosage forms including depot injections, osmotic pumps, pills, transdermal (including electromigration) patches, etc. , pulse administration.
本發明的藥物組合物可按已知的方法進行生產,例如,藉由常規的混合、溶解、粒化、製造錠劑、研磨、乳化、包囊、截留或壓片等操作方法進行生產。The pharmaceutical composition of the present invention can be produced by known methods, for example, by conventional mixing, dissolving, granulating, making tablets, grinding, emulsifying, encapsulating, entrapping or tableting operations.
因此根據本發明,所使用的藥物組合物可使用一種或多種包含賦形劑和輔助劑的生理可接受的載體以常規方法配製,該賦形劑和輔助劑有利於將活性化合物處理成為藥學可用的製劑。合適的製劑取決於所選的給藥途徑。可以如本領域中適合的並理解的那樣使用任何公知的技術、載體和賦形劑。The pharmaceutical compositions used according to the invention can therefore be formulated in conventional manner using one or more physiologically acceptable carriers containing excipients and auxiliaries which facilitate processing of the active compounds into pharmaceutically usable form. preparations. Suitable formulation depends on the route of administration chosen. Any well-known techniques, carriers and excipients may be used as appropriate and understood in the art.
能夠將注射劑製備成下列常規形式:作為溶液或混懸液,在注射前適合製成溶液或混懸液的固體劑型,或作為乳劑。合適的賦形劑是,例如水、鹽水、葡萄糖、甘露醇、乳糖、卵磷脂、白蛋白、谷氨酸鈉、鹽酸半胱氨酸等。另外,如果需要,注射劑藥物組合物可以含有少量無毒的輔助物,例如濕潤劑、pH緩衝劑等。生理適合的緩衝劑包括但不限於Hank溶液、Ringer溶液或生理鹽水緩衝液。如果需要,可使用吸收增強製劑(例如脂質體)。Injectables can be prepared in the conventional forms: as solutions or suspensions, in solid dosage forms suitable for solution or suspension prior to injection, or as emulsions. Suitable excipients are, for example, water, saline, glucose, mannitol, lactose, lecithin, albumin, sodium glutamate, cysteine hydrochloride and the like. In addition, if necessary, the injection pharmaceutical composition may contain a small amount of non-toxic auxiliaries, such as wetting agents, pH buffers, etc. Physiologically suitable buffers include, but are not limited to, Hank's solution, Ringer's solution, or physiological saline buffer. If desired, absorption enhancing formulations (eg liposomes) can be used.
對於透膜給藥,在所述製劑中可使用適於通透屏障的滲透劑。For transmembrane administration, penetrants suitable for permeating the barrier may be used in the formulation.
腸胃外給藥的藥物製劑,例如,通過推注或連續輸注,包括以水溶形式存在的活性化合物的水溶液。另外,可將活性化合物的混懸劑製備為合適的油狀注射混懸劑。適宜的親脂溶劑或載體包括諸如麻油等的脂肪油,或諸如豆油、葡萄柚油或扁桃仁油等的其它有機油,或諸如油酸乙酯或甘油三酯等合成脂肪酸酯,或脂質體。水性注射混懸液可包含增加該混懸液黏度的物質,例如羥甲基纖維素鈉、山梨醇或葡聚糖。任選地,該混懸液還可以包含合適的穩定劑或增強該化合物溶解性以製備高濃度製劑的試劑。注射製劑與附加的防腐劑可以以單位劑型存在,例如在於安瓿或多劑量容器中。所述組合物可在油性或水性載體中採用諸如混懸劑、溶液或乳劑這樣的劑型,並且該組合物可以包含諸如混懸劑、穩定劑和/或分散劑等試劑。或者,在使用前為了與合適的諸如滅菌無熱原水等載體複溶,所述活性成分可以是粉末形式。Pharmaceutical preparations for parenteral administration, eg by bolus injection or continuous infusion, include aqueous solutions of the active compound in a water-soluble form. Alternatively, suspensions of the active compounds may be prepared as suitable oily injection suspensions. Suitable lipophilic solvents or carriers include fatty oils such as sesame oil, or other organic oils such as soybean oil, grapefruit oil, or almond oil, or synthetic fatty acid esters such as ethyl oleate or triglycerides, or lipids. body. Aqueous injection suspensions may contain substances that increase the viscosity of the suspension, such as sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sorbitol, or dextran. Optionally, the suspension may also contain suitable stabilizers or agents that enhance the solubility of the compounds for the preparation of highly concentrated formulations. Formulations for injection may be presented in unit dosage form, for example, in ampoules or multi-dose containers, with an added preservative. The compositions may take such forms as suspensions, solutions or emulsions in oily or aqueous vehicles, and may contain agents such as suspending, stabilizing and/or dispersing agents. Alternatively, the active ingredient may be in powder form for constitution with a suitable vehicle such as sterile pyrogen-free water before use.
對於口服給藥,藉由組合所述活性化合物與本領域公知的藥學可接受的載體,能夠容易地組方所述化合物。為了使待治療患者口服攝取,這樣的載體能使本發明化合物被配製為片劑、丸劑、錠劑、膠囊、液體、凝膠、糖漿、膏劑、混懸液等。能夠藉由下述方法獲得用於口服的藥物製劑:將活性化合物與固體賦形劑混合,任意研磨所得混合物並且將加工顆粒混合物,如果需要,在加入合適的輔助劑後進行加工以獲得片劑或錠劑核。合適的賦形劑特別是諸如糖等的填充劑,包括乳糖、蔗糖、甘露醇或山梨醇;纖維素製劑,例如玉米澱粉、小麥澱粉、米澱粉、馬鈴薯澱粉、明膠、西黃蓍膠、甲基纖維素、羥丙基甲基纖維素、羧甲基纖維素鈉和/或聚乙烯吡咯酮(PVP)。如果需要可加入崩解劑,例如交聯的聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、瓊脂或海藻酸或諸如海藻酸鈉的海藻酸鹽。對錠劑核進行合適的包被。出於該目的,可使用濃縮的糖溶液,該糖溶液可任選地包含阿拉伯膠、滑石、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、卡波普凝膠(arbopol gel)、聚乙二醇和/或二氧化鈦、紫膠漆溶液以及合適的有機溶劑或溶劑混合物。為了識別或表徵活性化合物劑量的不同組合,可向片劑或錠劑包衣中加入染料或色素。出於該目的,可使用濃縮的糖溶液,該糖溶液可任選地包含阿拉伯膠、滑石、聚乙烯吡咯烷酮、卡波普凝膠、聚乙二醇和/或二氧化鈦、紫膠漆溶液、以及合適的有機溶劑或溶劑混合物。為了識別或表徵活性化合物劑量的不同組合,可向片劑或錠劑包衣中加入染料或色素。For oral administration, the compounds can be readily formulated by combining the active compounds with pharmaceutically acceptable carriers well known in the art. Such carriers enable the compounds of the invention to be formulated as tablets, pills, lozenges, capsules, liquids, gels, syrups, slurries, suspensions, and the like, for oral ingestion by the patient to be treated. Pharmaceutical preparations for oral administration can be obtained by mixing the active compounds with solid excipients, optionally grinding the resulting mixture and processing the granular mixture, after adding suitable auxiliaries, if necessary, to obtain tablets or lozenge cores. Suitable excipients are in particular fillers such as sugars, including lactose, sucrose, mannitol or sorbitol; cellulosic preparations such as corn starch, wheat starch, rice starch, potato starch, gelatin, tragacanth, formazan, etc. Cellulose, hydroxypropylmethylcellulose, sodium carboxymethylcellulose and/or polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP). Disintegrants such as cross-linked polyvinylpyrrolidone, agar or alginic acid or alginates such as sodium alginate can be added if desired. Apply a suitable coating to the tablet core. For this purpose, concentrated sugar solutions may be used, which may optionally contain gum arabic, talc, polyvinylpyrrolidone, arbopol gel, polyethylene glycol and/or titanium dioxide, shellac lacquer solution and a suitable organic solvent or solvent mixture. Dyestuffs or pigments may be added to the tablets or dragee coatings for identification or to characterize different combinations of active compound doses. For this purpose, concentrated sugar solutions may be used, which may optionally contain gum arabic, talc, polyvinylpyrrolidone, carbopol gel, polyethylene glycol and/or titanium dioxide, shellac solutions, and suitable organic solvents or solvent mixtures. Dyestuffs or pigments may be added to the tablets or dragee coatings for identification or to characterize different combinations of active compound doses.
能夠用於口服的藥物製劑包括明膠製成的推入配合膠囊,以及諸如甘油或山梨醇的明膠和增塑劑製成的軟的、密封的膠囊。推入配合膠囊能夠包含與諸如乳糖的填充劑、諸如澱粉的黏合劑和/或諸如滑石或硬脂酸鎂的潤滑劑以及任選的穩定劑混合的活性成分。在軟膠囊中,活性成分可溶解或懸浮在合適的液體中,例如脂肪油、液狀石蠟或液狀聚乙二醇。另外,可加入穩定劑。所有口服給藥的製劑應該達到適於這種給藥的劑量。Pharmaceutical preparations capable of oral administration include push-fit capsules made of gelatin, and soft, sealed capsules made of gelatin and a plasticizer such as glycerol or sorbitol. Push-fit capsules can contain the active ingredients mixed with fillers such as lactose, binders such as starches, and/or lubricants such as talc or magnesium stearate, and optionally stabilizers. In soft capsules, the active ingredients can be dissolved or suspended in suitable liquids, such as fatty oils, liquid paraffin, or liquid polyethylene glycols. In addition, stabilizers can be added. All preparations for oral administration should be formulated at dosages suitable for such administration.
對於口腔給藥,所述組合物可以按常規方法組方成片劑或錠劑的形式。For oral administration, the compositions may be formulated in the form of tablets or lozenges in conventional manner.
對於吸入給藥,用於本發明的化合物藉由使用合適的推進劑,例如二氯二氟甲烷、三氯氟甲烷、二氯四氟乙烷、二氧化碳或其他合適氣體,從增壓包或噴霧器中以噴霧的形式方便地輸送。在加壓氣溶膠的情況下,可藉由提供輸送計量量的閥來確定劑量單位。在吸入器或吹入器中使用的諸如明膠的膠囊和藥筒可被組方為包含化合物和諸如乳糖或澱粉等合適粉末基質的粉末混合物。For administration by inhalation, compounds of the present invention are administered from a pressurized bag or nebulizer by use of a suitable propellant such as dichlorodifluoromethane, trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorotetrafluoroethane, carbon dioxide or other suitable gas. Conveniently delivered in spray form. In the case of pressurized aerosols, the dosage unit can be determined by providing a valve to deliver a metered amount. Capsules and cartridges, such as gelatin, for use in inhalers or insufflators may be formulated to contain a powder mixture of the compound and a suitable powder base such as lactose or starch.
本發明還公開了製藥領域公知的用於包括眼內、鼻內以及耳內輸送在內的多種藥物組合物。適於這些用途的滲透劑通常是本領域所公知的。用於眼內輸送的藥物組合物包括水溶形式的活性化合物的眼用水溶液,例如眼滴劑、或以結冷膠形式或水凝膠形式;眼用軟膏;眼用混懸液,例如微粒、懸浮在液體載體介質中的包含小的聚合物顆粒、脂溶性製劑以及微球;以及眼用嵌入劑。為了穩定性和舒適性,這些適宜的藥物製劑最經常且較佳地被配製為無菌的、等滲的和緩衝的藥物製劑。用於鼻內輸送的藥物組合物也可以包括滴劑和噴霧劑,通常將其製備成在許多方面模擬鼻分泌物以確保維持正常的纖毛作用。正如本領域技術人員所公知的,適宜的製劑最經常且較佳為等滲的,輕度緩衝以將pH維持在5.5至6.5,以及其最經常且較佳地包括抗微生物防腐劑和適宜的藥物穩定劑。用於耳內輸送的藥物製劑包括在耳內局部應用的混懸劑和軟膏劑。用於這類耳用製劑的常用溶劑包括甘油和水。The present invention also discloses various pharmaceutical compositions that are well known in the pharmaceutical field and are used for intraocular, intranasal and intraaural delivery. Penetrants suitable for these uses are generally known in the art. Pharmaceutical compositions for intraocular delivery include aqueous ophthalmic solutions of the active compound in water-soluble form, such as eye drops, or in the form of gellan gum or hydrogels; ophthalmic ointments; ophthalmic suspensions, such as microgranules, These include small polymer particles, lipid-soluble formulations, and microspheres suspended in a liquid carrier medium; and ophthalmic inserts. These suitable pharmaceutical preparations are most often and preferably formulated as sterile, isotonic and buffered pharmaceutical preparations for stability and comfort. Pharmaceutical compositions for intranasal delivery may also include drops and sprays, which are typically formulated to mimic nasal secretions in many respects to ensure that normal ciliary action is maintained. As is well known to those skilled in the art, suitable formulations are most often and preferably isotonic, lightly buffered to maintain a pH of 5.5 to 6.5, and which most often and preferably include an antimicrobial preservative and a suitable Drug stabilizers. Pharmaceutical formulations for intraaural delivery include suspensions and ointments for topical application within the ear. Common solvents used in such otic preparations include glycerol and water.
化合物也可以被組方成諸如栓劑或保留灌腸劑的直腸組合物,例如包含常規的諸如可可脂或其它甘油脂的栓劑基質。The compounds may also be formulated into rectal compositions such as suppositories or retention enemas, for example containing conventional suppository bases such as cocoa butter or other glycerolipids.
除了前述的製劑,化合物還可以被配製為儲庫型製劑。這種長效製劑可藉由植入(例如皮下或肌內)或藉由肌內注射進行給藥。從而,例如可使用合適的聚合物或疏水材料(例如可接受油中的乳劑)或離子交換樹脂來組方所述化合物,或將其組方為諸如微溶鹽等微溶的衍生物。In addition to the aforementioned formulations, the compounds may also be formulated as depot formulations. Such long-acting formulations may be administered by implantation (eg, subcutaneously or intramuscularly) or by intramuscular injection. Thus, for example, the compounds may be formulated using suitable polymeric or hydrophobic materials (for example as an emulsion in an acceptable oil) or ion exchange resins, or as sparingly soluble derivatives such as a sparingly soluble salt.
對於疏水化合物,適宜的藥物載體可以為包含苯甲醇、非極性表面活性劑、可與水混溶的有機聚合物以及水相的共溶劑體系。所用的普通共溶劑體系為VPD共溶體系,其為3%w/v的苯甲醇、8%w/v的非極性表面活性劑聚山梨醇(POLYSORBATE)80TM 以及65%w/v的聚乙二醇300並由無水乙醇補足體積的溶液。當然,可相當大地改變共溶劑系統的比例而不破壞其溶解度和毒性特徵。此外,可以改變共溶劑組分:例如可使用其它低毒性的非極性表面活性劑來代替聚山梨醇80TM;可改變聚乙二醇的片斷大小;諸如聚乙烯吡咯烷酮等的其它生物相容性聚合物可代替聚乙二醇;以及其它糖或多糖可代替葡萄糖。For hydrophobic compounds, a suitable pharmaceutical carrier may be a co-solvent system comprising benzyl alcohol, a non-polar surfactant, a water-miscible organic polymer, and an aqueous phase. The common co-solvent system used is the VPD co-solvent system, which is 3% w/v benzyl alcohol, 8% w/v non-polar surfactant polysorbate (POLYSORBATE) 80TM and 65% w/v polyethylene. Diol 300 and make up the volume with absolute ethanol. Of course, the proportions of the cosolvent system can be varied considerably without destroying its solubility and toxicity characteristics. In addition, the co-solvent composition can be changed: for example, other low-toxicity non-polar surfactants can be used instead of polysorbate 80TM; the fragment size of polyethylene glycol can be changed; other biocompatible polymers such as polyvinylpyrrolidone, etc. Polyethylene glycol can be replaced by polyethylene glycol; and glucose can be replaced by other sugars or polysaccharides.
或者,可採用疏水性藥物化合物的其它輸送系統。疏水藥物的輸送介質或載體的公知實例為脂質體和乳劑。雖然通常要以較高的毒性為代價,但也可以採用某些有機溶劑,例如二甲亞碸。另外,使用緩釋系統可以輸送化合物,例如包含治療藥物的固體疏水性聚合物的半透性基質。本領域技術人員已知並確立了許多緩釋材料。根據其化學性質,緩釋膠囊可在數周至100天內釋放所述化合物。Alternatively, other delivery systems for hydrophobic drug compounds may be employed. Well-known examples of delivery vehicles or carriers for hydrophobic drugs are liposomes and emulsions. Certain organic solvents, such as dimethylsulfoxide, can also be used, although usually at the expense of higher toxicity. Additionally, compounds can be delivered using sustained-release systems, such as semipermeable matrices of solid hydrophobic polymers containing therapeutic agents. Many sustained release materials are known and established to those skilled in the art. Depending on their chemical properties, extended-release capsules can release the compounds over a period of weeks to 100 days.
使用本領域普通技術人員公知的技術給予用於細胞內給藥的試劑。例如,這類試劑可以被包囊進脂質體。在形成脂質體時,在水溶液中存在的所有分子都被併入到水性內部。所述脂質體的內含物不僅不受外部微小環境的影響,而且由於脂質體與細胞膜相融合,該內含物被有效輸送至細胞質。可以使用組織特異性抗體對脂質體進行包被。脂質體將被靶向期望的器官並且被期望的器官選擇性吸收。或者,可以直接細胞內給予小的疏水性有機分子。Agents for intracellular administration are administered using techniques well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, such agents can be encapsulated into liposomes. When liposomes are formed, all molecules present in the aqueous solution are incorporated into the aqueous interior. The contents of the liposomes are not only not affected by the external microenvironment, but also are effectively transported to the cytoplasm due to the fusion of the liposomes with the cell membrane. Liposomes can be coated with tissue-specific antibodies. The liposomes will be targeted to and selectively absorbed by the desired organ. Alternatively, small hydrophobic organic molecules can be administered directly intracellularly.
治療方法與用途Treatment methods and uses
另一方面,本發明涉及使用本申請涉及化合物的藥物組合物,在受試者中預防、治療或改善病毒感染症狀的方法。In another aspect, the present invention relates to methods of preventing, treating or ameliorating symptoms of viral infection in a subject using a pharmaceutical composition of a compound disclosed herein.
在某些實施例中,所述方法包括將有效量的本申請化合物施用於需要其的受試者的步驟。In certain embodiments, the methods include the step of administering an effective amount of a compound of the present application to a subject in need thereof.
在一些實施例中,病毒感染為SARS-CoV-2感染。In some embodiments, the viral infection is a SARS-CoV-2 infection.
在某些實施方案中,能夠用於本發明的病毒的示例性實例包括但不限於中東綜合征相關冠狀病毒(MERS-CoV)、嚴重急性呼吸綜合征相關冠狀病毒(SARS-CoV)、甲型流感病毒、乙型流感病毒、新型冠狀病毒肺炎(COVID-19)、西班牙流感病毒、沙粒病毒、布尼亞病毒、狂犬病毒、禽流感病毒、骨髓灰質炎病毒、鼻病毒、腺病毒、埃博拉病毒、腸病毒、甲型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒、戊型肝炎病毒、腸病毒、HIV病毒、艾柯病毒、絲狀病毒、麻疹病毒、黃熱病病毒、日本腦炎病毒、西尼羅河病毒、新城病病毒、RS病毒、水泡性口炎病毒、流行性腮腺炎病毒、登革熱病毒、柯薩奇病毒、輪狀病毒或煙草花葉病毒。In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of viruses that can be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, Middle East syndrome-related coronavirus (MERS-CoV), severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV), influenza A Influenza virus, influenza B virus, novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19), Spanish influenza virus, arenavirus, bunya virus, rabies virus, avian influenza virus, poliovirus, rhinovirus, adenovirus, E. Bora virus, enterovirus, hepatitis A virus, hepatitis C virus, hepatitis E virus, enterovirus, HIV virus, echovirus, filovirus, measles virus, yellow fever virus, Japanese encephalitis virus, West Nile virus viruses, Newcastle disease virus, RS virus, vesicular stomatitis virus, mumps virus, dengue virus, coxsackie virus, rotavirus or tobacco mosaic virus.
在某些實施方案中,能夠用於本發明的個體的示例性實例包括但不限於哺乳動物。In certain embodiments, illustrative examples of individuals that can be used in the present invention include, but are not limited to, mammals.
在某些實施方案中,能夠用於本發明的個體為人類。In certain embodiments, individuals useful in the present invention are humans.
在某些實施方案中,本發明的通式I所示的三嗪衍生物、其藥學上可接受的鹽、溶劑化物、異構體、氘代物、前藥或代謝產物對冠狀病毒感染性疾病具有優良的治療作用。In certain embodiments, the triazine derivatives represented by the general formula I of the present invention, their pharmaceutically acceptable salts, solvates, isomers, deuterates, prodrugs or metabolites are effective against coronavirus infectious diseases. Has excellent therapeutic effect.
給藥方法Dosing method
可將化合物或藥物組合物以任何適宜的方法對患者進行給藥。給藥方法的非限制性實例包括(a)藉由口服途徑給藥,該給藥包括以膠囊、片劑、顆粒劑、噴霧劑、糖漿劑或其它這類形式進行給藥;(b)藉由非口服途徑給藥,例如直腸、陰道、尿道內、眼內、鼻內或耳內,所述給藥包括以水性懸浮液、油性製劑等或以滴劑、噴霧劑、栓劑、藥膏、軟膏等方式進行給藥;(c)經皮下注射、腹膜內注射、靜脈內注射、肌內注射、皮內注射、眶內注射、囊內注射、脊柱內注射、胸骨內注射等進行給藥,包括輸液泵輸送;(d)諸如直接在腎臟區域或心臟區域中進行注射的局部(locally)給藥,例如藉由儲庫型植入;以及I局部(topically)給藥;如本領域中技術人員所認為的適當的給藥方式是本發明的化合物與活組織接觸。The compound or pharmaceutical composition may be administered to the patient by any suitable method. Non-limiting examples of administration methods include (a) administration by the oral route, including administration in the form of capsules, tablets, granules, sprays, syrups, or other such forms; (b) by Administration by non-oral routes, such as rectal, vaginal, intraurethral, intraocular, intranasal or intraaural, including aqueous suspensions, oily preparations, etc., or drops, sprays, suppositories, ointments, ointments (c) Administration by subcutaneous injection, intraperitoneal injection, intravenous injection, intramuscular injection, intradermal injection, intraorbital injection, intracystic injection, intraspinal injection, intrasternal injection, etc., including Infusion pump delivery; (d) localized administration such as injection directly in the renal region or cardiac region, for example by depot implantation; and I topically administered; as one skilled in the art A suitable mode of administration is considered to be contact of the compounds of the invention with living tissue.
最適合途徑取決於被治療疾病狀態的性質與嚴重性。本領域技術人員也熟悉確定給藥方法(口腔、靜脈內、吸入、皮下、直腸等)、劑型、適當醫藥賦形劑及與將化合物傳遞至有需要的物件有關的其它事項。The most appropriate approach depends on the nature and severity of the disease state being treated. Those skilled in the art are also familiar with determining the method of administration (oral, intravenous, inhalation, subcutaneous, rectal, etc.), dosage form, appropriate pharmaceutical excipients, and other matters related to delivering the compound to an object in need thereof.
適於給藥的藥物組合物包括其中含有有效量的活性成分以達到其預期效果的組合物。本發明公開的藥物組合物的治療有效量所需的劑量取決於給藥途徑、包括人在內的被治療動物的類型以及所考慮的特定動物的身體特徵。可以調整劑量以達到期望的效果,但是這將取決於下列因素:體重、飲食、同時的藥物治療以及其它醫學領域的技術人員公認的其它因素。更具體地,治療有效量指有效阻止、減輕或改善疾病症狀,或延長接受治療個體壽命的化合物的量。本領域技術人員的實際能力可很好地確定治療有效量,特別是按照本發明所提供的詳細公開。Pharmaceutical compositions suitable for administration include those containing an effective amount of the active ingredient to achieve its intended effect. The dosage required to obtain a therapeutically effective amount of the pharmaceutical compositions disclosed herein depends on the route of administration, the type of animal, including humans, being treated, and the physical characteristics of the particular animal in question. Dosage may be adjusted to achieve the desired effect, but this will depend on factors such as body weight, diet, concurrent medications, and other factors recognized by those skilled in the medical field. More specifically, a therapeutically effective amount refers to an amount of a compound effective to prevent, reduce, or ameliorate the symptoms of a disease, or to extend the lifespan of an individual treated. Therapeutically effective amounts are well within the purview of those skilled in the art, particularly in light of the detailed disclosure provided herein.
正如本領域技術人員所顯而易見的,用於體內給藥的劑量和具體的給藥方式的變化將取決於年齡、體重和所治療的哺乳動物的種類、所使用的具體化合物以及所使用的這些化合物的具體用途。本領域技術人員使用常規的藥理學方法可達到確定有效劑量水準的目的,即達到確定預期效果所必需的劑量水準的目的。通常,以較低劑量水準開始進行化合物的人體臨床應用,隨著劑量水準的增加直至達到所期望的效果。或者,採用已確立的藥理學方法,能夠使用可接受的體外研究來建立本方法鑒定的組合物的有效劑量和給藥途徑。As will be apparent to those skilled in the art, dosages and specific modes of administration for in vivo administration will vary depending on the age, weight, and species of mammal being treated, the specific compounds used, and the nature of those compounds used. specific uses. Those skilled in the art can use conventional pharmacological methods to achieve the purpose of determining effective dosage levels, that is, the dosage levels necessary to determine the desired effect. Typically, human clinical applications of compounds are initiated at lower dosage levels, with dosage levels being increased until the desired effect is achieved. Alternatively, using established pharmacological methods, acceptable in vitro studies can be used to establish effective dosages and routes of administration for the compositions identified by this method.
在非人動物研究中,潛在化合物的應用以較高劑量水準開始,隨著劑量的減少直至不再實現所期望的效果或者不良副作用消失。取決於預期效果和治療適應症,劑量範圍可較寬泛。通常,劑量可為約10μg/kg體重至500mg/kg體重,較佳為約100μg/kg體重至200mg/kg體重。或者,正如本領域技術人員所理解的,劑量可基於患者的表面積並且按照其計算。In non-human animal studies, the application of a potential compound is initiated at higher dose levels and the dose is reduced until the desired effect is no longer achieved or undesirable side effects disappear. Depending on the desired effect and indication for treatment, the dosage range may be wider. Generally, the dosage may be about 10 μg/kg body weight to 500 mg/kg body weight, preferably about 100 μg/kg body weight to 200 mg/kg body weight. Alternatively, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, the dosage may be based on and calculated based on the patient's surface area.
各醫師能夠根據患者的狀況來選擇本發明藥物組合物的確切製劑、給藥途徑和劑量。通常,向患者給藥的組合物的劑量範圍可以為約0.5mg/kg至1000mg/kg患者體重。根據患者需要,劑量可在一天或數天期間單獨一次給予或兩次或多次給予。在化合物的人用劑量因至少某些條件已確立的情況下,本發明將使用那些相同的劑量,或劑量範圍為約0.1%至500%的確定的人用劑量,更佳的劑量範圍為25%至250%已確定的人用劑量。在沒有確定的人用劑量的情況下,如新發現的藥物化合物的情況,適宜的人用劑量能夠從ED 50或ID 50值,或來自體外或體內研究的其它合適的值進行推斷,正如在動物中的毒性研究和效能研究所定量化的。 Each physician will be able to select the exact formulation, route of administration and dosage of the pharmaceutical composition of the present invention based on the patient's condition. Generally, the dosage of the composition administered to a patient may range from about 0.5 mg/kg to 1000 mg/kg of the patient's body weight. Doses may be given as a single dose or as two or more doses over the course of one or more days, depending on the patient's needs. Where human dosages of a compound are established for at least certain conditions, the present invention will employ those same dosages, or dosages ranging from about 0.1% to 500% of the established human dosages, with a more preferred dosage range of 25 % to 250% of the established human dose. In cases where no established human dosage is available, as in the case of newly discovered pharmaceutical compounds, the appropriate human dosage can be inferred from the ED 50 or ID 50 value, or other appropriate value from in vitro or in vivo studies, as in Toxicity studies and efficacy studies in animals are quantified.
應當指出,由於毒性和器官功能障礙,主治醫師將知道如何且何時終止、中斷或調整給藥。相反,如果臨床反應不充分(排除毒性),則主治醫生也將知道將治療調整至較高水準。在所關注病症的治療中給藥劑量的大小將隨著待治療疾病狀態的嚴重性和給藥途徑的變化而變化。例如部分藉由標準的預後評價方法可評價所述疾病狀態的嚴重性。此外,所述劑量和可能的劑量頻率也將根據個體患者的年齡、體重、以及反應的變化而變化。與上述討論方案相當的方案可用於獸醫學中。It should be noted that the attending physician will know how and when to terminate, interrupt, or adjust dosing due to toxicity and organ dysfunction. Conversely, if the clinical response is inadequate (to rule out toxicity), the attending physician will also know to adjust treatment to a higher level. The magnitude of the dosage administered in the treatment of the condition of interest will vary with the severity of the disease state being treated and the route of administration. The severity of the disease state may be assessed, for example, in part by standard prognostic assessment methods. In addition, the dosage and possible dosage frequency will also vary depending on the age, weight, and response of the individual patient. Schemes equivalent to those discussed above may be used in veterinary medicine.
雖然可基於逐一的藥物分析(drug-by-drug)可決定確切的劑量,但是在大多數情況下,能夠就藥劑進行某些概括。成人患者的日給藥方案為,例如口服劑量為0.1mg至2000mg各活性成分,較佳為1mg至1000mg各活性成分,例如5至500mg各活性成分。在其它實施方案中,所使用的各活性成分的靜脈內、皮下或肌內劑量為0.01mg至1000mg,較佳為0.1mg至800mg,例如1至200mg。在給予藥學可接受鹽的情況下,可按照游離鹼來計算劑量。在某些實施方案中,每日1至4次將所述組合物進行給藥。或者,本發明的組合物可藉由連續的靜脈輸注進行給藥,較佳以每日高達1000mg的各活性成分的劑量進行給藥。正如本領域技術人員所理解的,在某些情形中,為了有效且迅速地治療迅速發展的疾病或感染,以超過或遠遠超過上述較佳的劑量範圍的量給予本發明所公開的化合物是必要的。在某些實施方案中,將所述化合物在連續治療期間進行給藥,例如一周或數周、或數月或數年。Although exact dosages can be determined on a drug-by-drug basis, in most cases some generalizations can be made about the agents. The daily dosage regimen for adult patients is, for example, an oral dosage of 0.1 mg to 2000 mg of each active ingredient, preferably 1 mg to 1000 mg of each active ingredient, such as 5 to 500 mg of each active ingredient. In other embodiments, each active ingredient is used in an intravenous, subcutaneous or intramuscular dose of 0.01 mg to 1000 mg, preferably 0.1 mg to 800 mg, such as 1 to 200 mg. Where a pharmaceutically acceptable salt is administered, the dosage may be calculated as the free base. In certain embodiments, the composition is administered from 1 to 4 times daily. Alternatively, the compositions of the invention may be administered by continuous intravenous infusion, preferably at a daily dose of up to 1000 mg of each active ingredient. As will be understood by those skilled in the art, in certain circumstances, in order to effectively and rapidly treat a rapidly developing disease or infection, it is necessary to administer a compound disclosed in the present invention in an amount that exceeds or far exceeds the above-mentioned preferred dosage range. necessary. In certain embodiments, the compound is administered over a continuous period of treatment, such as one or several weeks, or months or years.
可以個別地調整劑量和用藥間隔以提供足以維持調整效果或最低有效濃度(MEC)的活性部分的血漿水準。每種化合物的MEC不同,但是能夠從體外資料評估MEC。達到MEC的所需劑量取決於個體特徵和給藥途徑。然而,能夠使用HPLC測定或生物測定來確定血漿濃度。Dosage and dosing intervals can be individually adjusted to provide plasma levels of the active moiety sufficient to maintain the modified effect or minimum effective concentration (MEC). The MEC is different for each compound, but the MEC can be estimated from in vitro data. The dosage required to achieve the MEC depends on individual characteristics and route of administration. However, plasma concentrations can be determined using HPLC assays or bioassays.
使用MEC值還能夠測定用藥間隔。應使用在10-90%的時間內、較佳在30-90%的時間內、以及更佳在50-90%的時間內將血漿水準維持在MEC以上的治療方案對組合物進行給藥。Dosing intervals can also be determined using MEC values. The composition should be administered using a treatment regimen that maintains plasma levels above the MEC 10-90% of the time, preferably 30-90% of the time, and more preferably 50-90% of the time.
在局部給藥或選擇性吸收的情況下,藥物的有效局部濃度與血漿濃度無關。In the case of local administration or selective absorption, the effective local concentration of the drug is independent of the plasma concentration.
當然,被給藥的組合物的量取決於待治療的個體,取決於所述個體的體重、痛苦的嚴重性、給藥方式以及開處方醫師的判斷。The amount of composition administered will, of course, depend on the individual to be treated, upon the individual's weight, severity of pain, mode of administration, and the judgment of the prescribing physician.
使用已知的方法能夠對本申請公開的化合物的效能和毒性進行評估。例如,藉由在體外測定細胞系的毒性可建立特定化合物或共用某些化學部分的該化合物子集的毒理學,所述細胞系例如哺乳動物細胞系並且較佳人的細胞系。這類研究的結果通常可預測諸如哺乳動物等的動物體內的毒性,或更具體地,可預測人體內的毒性。或者,使用已知方法可測定特定化合物在諸如小鼠、大鼠、家兔或猴等動物模型中的毒性。使用若干公認的方法,例如體外方法、動物模型或人體臨床試驗,可確定特定化合物的效能。幾乎對每類疾病狀態都存在著公認的體外模型,該疾病狀態包括但不限於癌症、心血管疾病和多種免疫機能障礙。類似地,可接受的動物模型可用於確定治療這些疾病狀態的化學藥物的效能。當選擇模型測定效能時,技術人員能夠在本領域現有技術的指導下選擇合適的模型、劑量和給藥途徑以及治療方案。當然,人體臨床試驗還能夠用於測定化合物在人體內的效能。The potency and toxicity of the compounds disclosed herein can be assessed using known methods. For example, the toxicology of a specific compound, or a subset of such compounds that share certain chemical moieties, can be established by assaying toxicity in cell lines, such as mammalian cell lines and preferably human cell lines, in vitro. The results of such studies often predict toxicity in animals such as mammals or, more specifically, in humans. Alternatively, the toxicity of a particular compound can be determined in animal models such as mice, rats, rabbits or monkeys using known methods. The potency of a specific compound can be determined using several recognized methods, such as in vitro methods, animal models, or human clinical trials. Recognized in vitro models exist for nearly every disease state, including, but not limited to, cancer, cardiovascular disease, and various immune disorders. Similarly, acceptable animal models can be used to determine the efficacy of chemical agents for treating these disease states. When selecting a model to determine efficacy, the skilled artisan will be able to select appropriate models, dosage and routes of administration, and treatment regimens under the guidance of the state of the art. Of course, human clinical trials can also be used to measure the effectiveness of compounds in humans.
如果需要,可將所述組合物置於包裝或分配裝置中,該包裝或分配裝置可以包含一種或多種含有活性成分的單位劑型。所述包裝可以例如包括金屬或塑膠箔,例如泡罩包裝。所述包裝或分配裝置可帶有給藥說明書。所述包裝或分配裝置還可以帶有與所述容器相關的注意事項,該注意事項是由管理藥物生產、使用或銷售的政府機構規定的,該注意事項反映了所述藥物形式已經由該機構批准用於人類或獸類給藥。這類注意事項,例如,可以是由美國食品和藥物管理局批准的用於處方藥的標籤,或者是批准的產品說明書。還可以在合適的容器中製備、放置在相容的藥物載體中組方的包含本發明化合物在內的組合物,並對其標記以用於指定的疾病狀態的治療。If desired, the composition can be placed in a package or dispensing device, which can contain one or more unit dosage forms containing the active ingredient. The packaging may, for example, comprise metal or plastic foil, such as a blister pack. The packaging or dispensing device may carry instructions for administration. The packaging or dispensing device may also bear precautions associated with the container that are prescribed by a governmental agency regulating the manufacture, use, or sale of drugs, the precautions reflecting that the drug form has been approved by that agency. Approved for human or veterinary administration. Such notices may be, for example, labeling approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration for prescription drugs, or approved product inserts. Compositions comprising a compound of the invention can also be prepared in a suitable container, formulated in a compatible pharmaceutical carrier, and labeled for the treatment of a specified disease state.
本發明的化合物可以使用本文公開的方法及其常規修改來製備,很顯然除了本文公開和本領域公知的方法以外,也可以使用常規和公知的合成方法。The compounds of the present invention can be prepared using the methods disclosed herein and conventional modifications thereof. It is obvious that in addition to the methods disclosed herein and well known in the art, conventional and well-known synthetic methods can also be used.
式(I)典型化合物或其藥學上可接受的鹽,例如具有由式(I)中的一種或多種所描述的結構化合物,或本文公開的其它式化合物的合成都可用以下實施例中所述的方法來完成。The synthesis of typical compounds of formula (I) or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof, such as compounds having structures described by one or more of formula (I), or compounds of other formulas disclosed herein, can be described in the following examples. method to complete.
根據本發明的化合物的典型實施方案可使用下文描述的一般反應方案和/或實例進行合成。鑒於本文的描述,顯然可以藉由用具有類似結構物料替代起始物料來產生相應不同的產品。後面的合成描述提供了許多例子,說明起始物料如何變化以提供相應的產品。起始物料通常從商業來源獲得,或使用已公佈的合成化合物的方法合成,這些化合物是本發明的實施例。在本文的反應方案中使用的組標記(例如,R1、R2)僅用於說明目的。Typical embodiments of compounds according to the invention may be synthesized using the general reaction schemes and/or examples described below. In view of the description herein, it is apparent that correspondingly different products can be produced by replacing the starting materials with materials of similar structure. The synthetic descriptions that follow provide many examples of how the starting materials can be varied to provide the corresponding products. Starting materials are typically obtained from commercial sources or synthesized using published methods for the synthesis of the compounds that are examples of the present invention. Group labels (e.g., R1, R2) used in the reaction schemes of this article are for illustrative purposes only.
合成反應參數Synthesis reaction parameters
本發明的化合物可以使用例如以下一般方法和程式從容易獲得的起始物料製備。應當理解,其中給出了典型的或較佳的工藝條件(即,反應溫度、時間、反應物的摩爾比、溶劑、壓力等);除非另有說明,也可以使用其他工藝條件。最佳反應條件可以隨所使用的特定反應物或溶劑而變化,但是這種條件可以由本領域技術人員藉由常規工藝優化來確定。Compounds of the present invention can be prepared from readily available starting materials using, for example, the following general methods and procedures. It should be understood that typical or preferred process conditions (ie, reaction temperature, time, molar ratio of reactants, solvent, pressure, etc.) are given; unless otherwise stated, other process conditions may also be used. Optimum reaction conditions may vary depending on the specific reactants or solvents used, but such conditions can be determined by routine process optimization by those skilled in the art.
此外,對於本領域的技術人員來說,傳統的保護基團可能是必要的,以防止某些官能團發生副反應。各種官能團的合適保護基團以及保護和脫保護特定官能團的合適條件在本領域是公知的,例如,T.W.Greene和G.M.Wuts(1999)有機合成中的保護基團,第3版,Wiley,New York,以及其中引用的參考文獻中描述了許多保護基團。Additionally, for those skilled in the art, traditional protecting groups may be necessary to prevent certain functional groups from undergoing side reactions. Suitable protecting groups for various functional groups and suitable conditions for protection and deprotection of specific functional groups are well known in the art, for example, T.W. Greene and G.M. Wuts (1999) Protecting Groups in Organic Synthesis, 3rd ed., Wiley, New York , and the references cited therein describe many protecting groups.
此外,本發明的化合物可以包含一個或多個手性中心。Furthermore, the compounds of the present invention may contain one or more chiral centers.
因此,如果需要,這些化合物可以作為純立體異構體,即作為單獨的對映異構體或非對映異構體或作為富含立體異構體的混合物來製備或分離。除非另有說明,所有這些立體異構體(和富集的混合物)都包括在本發明的範圍內。純立體異構體(或富集的混合物)可以使用例如本領域公知的光學活性起始材料或立體選擇性試劑來製備或者,可以使用例如手性柱色譜、手性拆分劑等分離這些化合物的外消旋混合物。Thus, if desired, these compounds can be prepared or isolated as pure stereoisomers, ie as individual enantiomers or diastereomers or as stereoisomer-enriched mixtures. Unless otherwise stated, all such stereoisomers (and enriched mixtures) are included within the scope of the present invention. Pure stereoisomers (or enriched mixtures) can be prepared using, for example, optically active starting materials or stereoselective reagents well known in the art or these compounds can be separated using, for example, chiral column chromatography, chiral resolving agents, etc. racemic mixture.
用於下列反應的起始物料通常是已知的化合物,或者可以藉由已知的方法或其明顯的修飾來製備。例如,許多起始物料可從商業供應商如Aldrich Chemical Co.(美國威斯康辛州密爾沃基)獲得。其它的可以藉由工藝或其明顯的修飾來製備,在標準參考文獻中描述,例如Fieser和Fieser的有機合成試劑,第1-15卷(John Wiley和Sons,1991)、Rodd的碳化合物化學,第1-5卷和補充(Elsevier Science Publishers,1989)有機反應,第1-40卷(John Wiley和Sons,1991)、March的高級有機化學(John Wiley和Sons,5thEdition,2001)和Larock的綜合有機轉化(VCH Publishers Inc.,1989)。The starting materials for the following reactions are generally known compounds or can be prepared by known methods or obvious modifications thereof. For example, many starting materials are available from commercial suppliers such as Aldrich Chemical Co. (Milwaukee, WI, USA). Others can be prepared by processes or obvious modifications thereof, described in standard references, such as Fieser and Fieser's Reagents for Organic Synthesis, Volumes 1-15 (John Wiley and Sons, 1991), Rodd's Chemistry of Carbon Compounds, Volumes 1-5 and Supplement (Elsevier Science Publishers, 1989) Organic Reactions, Volumes 1-40 (John Wiley and Sons, 1991), March's Advanced Organic Chemistry (John Wiley and Sons, 5th Edition, 2001), and Larock's General Organic Transformation (VCH Publishers Inc., 1989).
術語“溶劑”、“惰性有機溶劑”或“惰性溶劑”是指在與其相關描述的反應條件下惰性的溶劑(包括例如苯、甲苯、乙腈、四氫呋喃(“THF”)、N,N-二甲基甲醯胺(“DMF”)、氯仿、二氯甲烷(或二氯甲烷)、乙醚、甲醇、吡啶等)。除非有相反的規定,本發明的反應中使用的溶劑是惰性有機溶劑,並且反應在惰性氣體,較佳氮氣下進行。The term "solvent", "inert organic solvent" or "inert solvent" refers to a solvent that is inert under the reaction conditions described in connection therewith (including, for example, benzene, toluene, acetonitrile, tetrahydrofuran ("THF"), N,N-dimethyl methylformamide ("DMF"), chloroform, methylene chloride (or methylene chloride), ether, methanol, pyridine, etc.). Unless otherwise specified, the solvent used in the reaction of the present invention is an inert organic solvent, and the reaction is carried out under an inert gas, preferably nitrogen.
術語“q.s.”表示添加足以實現所述功能的量,例如,使溶液達到所需體積(即100%)。本文提供的化合物可以根據下面提供的一般方案合成。在下面的方案中,應該理解的是,其中所示的每種化合物在任何步驟中都可以具有所需的保護基團。標準保護基團完全在本領域技術人員的能力範圍內The term "q.s." means adding an amount sufficient to perform the stated function, e.g., to bring the solution to the desired volume (i.e., 100%). The compounds provided herein can be synthesized according to the general schemes provided below. In the schemes below, it will be understood that each compound shown therein can have the desired protecting group in any step. Standard protecting groups are well within the capabilities of those skilled in the art
另一方面,本發明提供了一種製備式(I)化合物、其藥學上可接受的鹽、酯或立體異構體的方法,該方法包括五條一般路線(路線A、路線B、路線C、路線D和路線E):On the other hand, the present invention provides a method for preparing the compound of formula (I), its pharmaceutically acceptable salt, ester or stereoisomer, which method includes five general routes (Route A, Route B, Route C, Route D and route E):
路線A: Route A:
路線B: Route B:
路線C: Route C:
路線D: Route D:
路線E: Route E:
步驟steps
合成1:((3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-((Z)-4-(羥基亞氨基)-2-氧代-3,4-二氫嘧啶-1(2H)-基)-2-氧代四氫呋喃并[3,4-d][1,3]二氧雜環戊醇-4-基)甲基異丁酸酯(1)的製備 Synthesis 1: ((3aR, 4R, 6R, 6aR)-6-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-1(2H)-yl)- Preparation of 2-oxotetrahydrofura[3,4-d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)methylisobutyrate (1)
莫努匹韋(molnupiravir)(4 g,1.0當量),二氯甲烷(DCM)(15毫升),1,1'-羰基二咪唑(CDI) (2.16克,1.1當量)室溫下攪拌過夜;加入H 2O(15 mL),分出有機層;有機層經濃縮,藉由乙酸乙酯結晶,得到化合物1,3.04g,收率:70.5%。 Monupiravir (4 g, 1.0 equivalent), dichloromethane (DCM) (15 ml), 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (CDI) (2.16 g, 1.1 equivalent) were stirred at room temperature overnight; H 2 O (15 mL) was added, and the organic layer was separated; the organic layer was concentrated and crystallized from ethyl acetate to obtain compound 1, 3.04 g, yield: 70.5%.
合成2:(3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-(4-((苯甲醯氧基)氨基)-2-氧代嘧啶-1(2H)-基)-2-氧代四氫呋喃并[3,4-d][1,3]二氧雜環戊醇-4-基)甲基異丁酸酯(2)的製備 Synthesis 2: (3aR, 4R, 6R, 6aR)-6-(4-((benzyloxy)amino)-2-oxopyrimidin-1(2H)-yl)-2-oxotetrahydrofura[ Preparation of 3,4-d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl) methyl isobutyrate (2)
室溫下,將苯甲醯氯(4.35克,1.1當量)緩慢滴入化合物1(10克,1.0當量),三乙胺(4.27克,1.5當量)的二氯甲烷(100毫升)溶液中,室溫攪拌1小時。加入H 2O(100 mL),分出有機層,有機層經濃縮,藉由乙酸乙酯結晶,得到化合物2,6.5g,收率50.3%。 Benzyl chloride (4.35 g, 1.1 equivalents) was slowly dropped into a solution of compound 1 (10 g, 1.0 equivalents) and triethylamine (4.27 g, 1.5 equivalents) in dichloromethane (100 ml) at room temperature. Stir at room temperature for 1 hour. H 2 O (100 mL) was added, and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer was concentrated and crystallized from ethyl acetate to obtain compound 2, 6.5 g, with a yield of 50.3%.
合成3:(3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-(4-(羥基氨基)-2-氧代嘧啶-1(2H)-基)-2-氧代四氫呋喃并[3,4-d][1,3]二氧雜環戊醇-4-基)苯甲酸甲酯(3)的製備 Synthesis 3: (3aR, 4R, 6R, 6aR)-6-(4-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxopyrimidine-1(2H)-yl)-2-oxotetrahydrofurano[3,4-d] Preparation of [1,3]dioxol-4-yl) methyl benzoate (3)
室溫下,將苯甲醯氯(59.4克,2.2當量)緩慢滴入化合物NHC(50克,1.0當量),三乙胺(48.7克,2.5當量)的二氯甲烷(300毫升)溶液重,室溫攪拌1小時。加入H 2O(300 mL),分出有機層。有機層經濃縮,藉由乙酸乙酯結晶得到化合物3-1,30.0g,收率33.3%。LCMS:[M+H] +:468.13。 1H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 11.14(s,1H),8.16-8.18(m,2H),7.93-7.97(m,4H),7.61-7.68(m,2H),7.47-7.52(m,3H),7.198-7.22(d,1H, J=8.4Hz),5.74-5.76(m,2H),5.65-5.67(m,2H),5.46-5.50(m,1H),5.31-5.32(d,1H, J=5.2Hz),4.54-4.50(m,1H),4.39-4.44(m,1H)。 At room temperature, slowly drop benzyl chloride (59.4 g, 2.2 equivalents) into a solution of compound NHC (50 g, 1.0 equivalents) and triethylamine (48.7 g, 2.5 equivalents) in dichloromethane (300 ml). Stir at room temperature for 1 hour. H 2 O (300 mL) was added and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer was concentrated and crystallized from ethyl acetate to obtain compound 3-1, 30.0 g, with a yield of 33.3%. LCMS: [M+H] + :468.13. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.14 (s, 1H), 8.16-8.18 (m, 2H), 7.93-7.97 (m, 4H), 7.61-7.68 (m, 2H), 7.47-7.52 ( m, 3H), 7.198-7.22 (d, 1H, J =8.4Hz), 5.74-5.76 (m, 2H), 5.65-5.67 (m, 2H), 5.46-5.50 (m, 1H), 5.31-5.32( d, 1H, J =5.2Hz), 4.54-4.50 (m, 1H), 4.39-4.44 (m, 1H).
化合物3-1(15g,1.0當量),1,1'-羰基二咪唑(6.76克,1.3當量)的二氯甲烷(100毫升)溶液,室溫下攪拌過夜。加入H 2O(40 mL)分出有機層。有機層經濃縮,乙酸乙酯/石油醚(v/v:20%)結晶,得到化合物3-2,15g,收率94.5%。LCMS:[M+H] +:494.11. 1H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ 11.14(s,1H),8.16-8.18(m,2H),7.93-7.97(m,4H),7.61-7.68(m,2H),7.47-7.52(m,3H),7.198-7.22(d,1H, J=8.4Hz),5.74-5.76(m,1H),5.61-5.56(m,1H),5.55-5.50(m,1H),5.40-5.35(m,1H),4.57-4.50(m,1H),4.49-4.43(m,1H)。 A solution of compound 3-1 (15 g, 1.0 equiv) and 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (6.76 g, 1.3 equiv) in dichloromethane (100 ml) was stirred at room temperature overnight. H 2 O (40 mL) was added and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer was concentrated and crystallized with ethyl acetate/petroleum ether (v/v: 20%) to obtain compound 3-2, 15 g, with a yield of 94.5%. LCMS: [M+H] + : 494.11. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ 11.14 (s, 1H), 8.16-8.18 (m, 2H), 7.93-7.97 (m, 4H), 7.61- 7.68(m, 2H), 7.47-7.52(m, 3H), 7.198-7.22(d, 1H, J =8.4Hz), 5.74-5.76(m, 1H), 5.61-5.56(m, 1H), 5.55- 5.50(m, 1H), 5.40-5.35(m, 1H), 4.57-4.50(m, 1H), 4.49-4.43(m, 1H).
室溫下將37%濃鹽酸(37.5毫升)加入至化合物3-2(30.0g,1.0當量)的甲醇(90毫升)和N,N-二甲基乙醯胺(90毫升)溶液中。升溫至55℃,攪拌8小時。冷卻後,加H 2O(400 mL),而後用NaHCO 3溶液調節pH至8,萃取有機層。有機層經濃縮,乙酸乙酯結晶,得到化合物3(4.8g,40.5%)。 To a solution of compound 3-2 (30.0 g, 1.0 equiv) in methanol (90 ml) and N,N-dimethylacetamide (90 ml) was added 37% concentrated hydrochloric acid (37.5 ml) at room temperature. Raise the temperature to 55°C and stir for 8 hours. After cooling, H 2 O (400 mL) was added, then the pH was adjusted to 8 with NaHCO 3 solution, and the organic layer was extracted. The organic layer was concentrated and crystallized from ethyl acetate to obtain compound 3 (4.8 g, 40.5%).
合成4:((3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-((Z)-4-(羥基亞氨基)-2-氧代-3,4-二氫嘧啶-1(2H)-基-5,6-d2)-2-氧代四氫呋喃并[3,4-d][1,3]二氧雜環戊醇-4-基)甲基異丁酸酯(4)的製備 Synthesis 4: ((3aR, 4R, 6R, 6aR)-6-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-1(2H)-yl-5 , Preparation of 6-d2)-2-oxotetrahydrofuro[3,4-d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)methyl isobutyrate (4)
按照步驟1,將原料莫努匹韋替換成5,6-D莫努匹韋(5,6-D 2-molnupiravir)得到目標化合物4。LCMS:[M+H] +:358.10。 1H NMR(400 MHz,DMSO-d6)δ10.08(s,1H),9.84(d, J=2.1Hz,1H),5.58-5.50(m,2H),5.29-5.19(m,1H),4.42-4.32(m,1H),4.32-4.23(m,1H),4.22-4.13(m,1H),2.56-2.48(m,1H),1.06(d, J=1.3Hz,3H),1.04(d, J=1.3Hz,3H)。 According to step 1, the raw material monopiravir is replaced with 5,6-D 2 -molnupiravir to obtain target compound 4. LCMS:[M+H] + :358.10. 1 H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) δ10.08 (s, 1H), 9.84 (d, J =2.1Hz, 1H), 5.58-5.50 (m, 2H), 5.29-5.19 (m, 1H), 4.42-4.32(m, 1H), 4.32-4.23(m, 1H), 4.22-4.13(m, 1H), 2.56-2.48(m, 1H), 1.06(d, J =1.3Hz, 3H), 1.04( d, J =1.3Hz, 3H).
合成5:((7R,9R,9aS,Z)-9-((E)-4-(羥基亞氨基)-2-氧代-3,4-二氫嘧啶-1(2H)-基)-2,5-二氧代-2,5,6a,7,9,9a-六氫呋喃并[3,4-b][1,4]二氧代辛-7-基)甲基異丁酸酯(5)的製備 Synthesis 5: ((7R, 9R, 9aS, Z)-9-((E)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-1(2H)-yl)- 2,5-dioxo-2,5,6a,7,9,9a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-b][1,4]dioxoct-7-yl)methylisobutyric acid Preparation of ester (5)
0℃下,將馬來醯二氯(21.23克,1.20當量)緩慢滴入至莫努匹韋(4.0g,1.0當量),Et 3N(3.07克,2.5當量)的二氯甲烷(20毫升)溶液中,而後攪拌4小時。 加入H 2O(20 mL),分出有機層。有機層經濃縮,柱層析純化,得到化合物5,450mg,產率:9%。 At 0°C, maleyl dichloride (21.23 g, 1.20 equiv) was slowly added dropwise to monopivir (4.0 g, 1.0 equiv), Et 3 N (3.07 g, 2.5 equiv) in dichloromethane (20 mL ) solution and then stirred for 4 hours. H 2 O (20 mL) was added and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer was concentrated and purified by column chromatography to obtain compound 5, 450 mg, yield: 9%.
合成6:((7R,9R,9aS,Z)-9-((E)-4-(羥基亞氨基)-2-氧代-3,4-二氫嘧啶-1(2H)-基)-2,5-二氧代-2,5,6a,7,9,9a-六氫呋喃并[3,4-b][1,4]二氧代辛-7-基)甲基異丁酸酯(6)的製備 Synthesis 6: ((7R, 9R, 9aS, Z)-9-((E)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-1(2H)-yl)- 2,5-dioxo-2,5,6a,7,9,9a-hexahydrofuro[3,4-b][1,4]dioxoct-7-yl)methylisobutyric acid Preparation of ester (6)
0℃下,將鄰苯二甲醯氯(21.23克,1.20當量)緩慢滴入至3-1(5.0克,1.0當量),Et 3N(2.71克,2.5當量)的二氯甲烷(20毫升)溶液中,攪拌4小時。加入H 2O(20 mL)分出有機層。有機層經濃縮,柱層析純化,得到化合物6,900mg,產率:14%。 At 0°C, slowly add phthaloyl chloride (21.23 g, 1.20 equiv) into 3-1 (5.0 g, 1.0 equiv), Et 3 N (2.71 g, 2.5 equiv) in dichloromethane (20 ml ) solution and stir for 4 hours. H 2 O (20 mL) was added and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer was concentrated and purified by column chromatography to obtain compound 6, 900 mg, yield: 14%.
合成7:((3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-((Z)-4-(羥基亞氨基)-2-氧代-3,4-二氫嘧啶-1(2H)-基)-2,2-二甲基四氫呋喃并[3,4-d][1,3]二氧雜環戊醇-4-基)甲基異丁酸酯(7)的製備 Synthesis 7: ((3aR, 4R, 6R, 6aR)-6-((Z)-4-(hydroxyimino)-2-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimidine-1(2H)-yl)- Preparation of 2,2-dimethyltetrahydrofura[3,4-d][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)methylisobutyrate (7)
室溫下,將濃硫酸(98%,0.5ml)緩慢加入至莫努匹韋(10克,1.0當量),2,2-二甲氧基丙烷(3.48克,1.1當量)的MeOH(100毫升)溶液中,室溫攪拌過夜。緩慢加入H 2O(100毫升),析出固體。過濾後得到固體化合物7,8.50g,收率75.8%。 Concentrated sulfuric acid (98%, 0.5 ml) was slowly added to monopivir (10 g, 1.0 equiv), 2,2-dimethoxypropane (3.48 g, 1.1 equiv) in MeOH (100 ml) at room temperature. ) solution, stir at room temperature overnight. H2O (100 ml) was added slowly and a solid precipitated. After filtration, solid compound 7 was obtained, 8.50 g, yield 75.8%.
合成8:1-((3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-(羥甲基)-2-氧代四氫呋喃并[3,4-d][1,3]二氧雜環戊醇-4-基)-4-((異丁氧基)氨基)嘧啶-2(1H)-酮(8)的製備 Synthesis 8: 1-((3aR, 4R, 6R, 6aR)-6-(hydroxymethyl)-2-oxotetrahydrofurano[3,4-d][1,3]dioxol-4 Preparation of -yl)-4-((isobutoxy)amino)pyrimidine-2(1H)-one (8)
在-25~-20℃下,將異丁醯氯(0.37,0.9當量)緩慢加入至NHC (1.0g,1.0當量),Et3N(0.43克,1.1當量)的二氯甲烷(10毫升)溶液中,攪拌4小時。加入H 2O(20 mL),分出有機層。有機層經濃縮,柱層析純化得到化合物8-1,0.45g,收率35.42%。LCMS:[M+H] +:330.1. Isobutyryl chloride (0.37, 0.9 equivalent) was slowly added to a solution of NHC (1.0 g, 1.0 equivalent), Et3N (0.43 g, 1.1 equivalent) in dichloromethane (10 ml) at -25~-20°C. , stir for 4 hours. H 2 O (20 mL) was added and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer was concentrated and purified by column chromatography to obtain compound 8-1, 0.45 g, yield 35.42%. LCMS: [M+H] + :330.1.
化合物8-1 (0.45g,1.0當量),1,1'-羰基二咪唑(0.29克,1.3當量)二氯甲烷(10毫升)的溶液,室溫攪拌過夜。加入H 2O(10毫升),分出有機層。有機層經濃縮,柱層析純化得到化合物8,0.32g,收率65.9%。 A solution of compound 8-1 (0.45 g, 1.0 equiv) and 1,1'-carbonyldiimidazole (0.29 g, 1.3 equiv) in dichloromethane (10 ml) was stirred at room temperature overnight. H2O (10 ml) was added and the organic layer was separated. The organic layer was concentrated and purified by column chromatography to obtain compound 8, 0.32 g, yield 65.9%.
合成9:((3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-(4-(羥基氨基)-2-氧代嘧啶-1(2H)-基)-2-氧代四氫呋喃并[3,4-d][1,3]二氧雜環戊醇-4-基)甲基L-丙氨酸(9)的製備 Synthesis 9: ((3aR, 4R, 6R, 6aR)-6-(4-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxopyrimidine-1(2H)-yl)-2-oxotetrahydrofurano[3,4-d Preparation of ][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)methyl L-alanine (9)
0℃及氮氣保護下,將DMF-DMA(9.8mg,82mmol)加入到胞苷(5.0g,20.5mmol),吡啶(10ml)的DCM(50ml)溶液中。室溫攪拌過夜。加入H 2O(50 mL),分出有機層,有機相濃縮得粗品9-1,可不經純化直接用於下一步反應。 Under nitrogen protection at 0°C, add DMF-DMA (9.8 mg, 82 mmol) to the solution of cytidine (5.0 g, 20.5 mmol) and pyridine (10 ml) in DCM (50 ml). Stir at room temperature overnight. Add H 2 O (50 mL), separate the organic layer, and concentrate the organic phase to obtain crude product 9-1, which can be used directly in the next reaction without purification.
化合物9-1、(叔丁氧羰基)-L-丙氨酸(7.78g,2eq)、HATU(23.45g,3eq)、DIPEA(13.3g,5eq)和DMAP(100mg)的DCM(50ml)溶液,室溫攪拌3小時。而後加入乙醇(100mL),加熱回流反應1小時。冷卻室溫,濃縮得粗品9-2。粗產物經柱層析,得到產物9-2,4.3g LCMS:[M+H] +:470.2。 Solution of compound 9-1, (tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-alanine (7.78g, 2eq), HATU (23.45g, 3eq), DIPEA (13.3g, 5eq) and DMAP (100mg) in DCM (50ml) , stir at room temperature for 3 hours. Then add ethanol (100 mL) and heat to reflux for 1 hour. Cool to room temperature and concentrate to obtain crude product 9-2. The crude product was subjected to column chromatography to obtain product 9-2, 4.3 g. LCMS: [M+H] + : 470.2.
向化合物9-2(1.0g,1eq)的水溶液(5ml)中加入硫酸羥胺(1.4g,4eq),升溫至78℃下攪拌18h。冷卻後,過濾出固體,將固體加入到HCl/EA(1mol/L,10ml)中,並在室溫下攪拌2小時。過濾得目標物 0.5g,收率71.07%。Hydroxylamine sulfate (1.4g, 4eq) was added to the aqueous solution (5ml) of compound 9-2 (1.0g, 1eq), and the temperature was raised to 78°C and stirred for 18h. After cooling, the solid was filtered out, added to HCl/EA (1 mol/L, 10 ml), and stirred at room temperature for 2 hours. After filtration, 0.5g of the target substance was obtained, with a yield of 71.07%.
按照步驟1,使用1,1’-羰基二咪唑進行環化得到目標化合物9。According to step 1, 1,1’-carbonyldiimidazole was used for cyclization to obtain target compound 9.
合成10:((3aR,4R,6R,6aR)-6-(4-(羥基氨基)-2-氧代嘧啶-1(2H)-基)-2-氧代四氫呋喃并[3,4-d][1,3]二氧雜環戊醇-4-基)甲基L-絲氨酸(10)的製備 Synthesis 10: ((3aR, 4R, 6R, 6aR)-6-(4-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxopyrimidine-1(2H)-yl)-2-oxotetrahydrofurano[3,4-d Preparation of ][1,3]dioxol-4-yl)methyl L-serine (10)
按照步驟9,藉由用O-苄基-N-(叔丁氧羰基)-L-絲氨酸取代(叔丁氧羰基)-L-丙氨酸獲得化合物10-3。Following step 9, compound 10-3 was obtained by substituting (tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-alanine with O-benzyl-N-(tert-butoxycarbonyl)-L-serine.
化合物10-3(120mg,1eq)的甲醇(5mL)溶液中加入Pd/C(12mg,wt 10%),而後氫氣保護下,室溫攪拌過夜。過濾,濾液濃縮,用製備型HPLC(0.1%三氟乙酸水溶液/乙腈)純化,得到化合物10.35mg,收率36.23%。Pd/C (12 mg, wt 10%) was added to a solution of compound 10-3 (120 mg, 1 eq) in methanol (5 mL), and then stirred at room temperature overnight under hydrogen protection. Filter, concentrate the filtrate, and purify using preparative HPLC (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution/acetonitrile) to obtain 10.35 mg of the compound, with a yield of 36.23%.
根據本文所述的步驟(如步驟表1所示),根據所需可以使用適當的起始物料和適當的保護基製備以下化合物。關鍵反應是環化反應:CDI或2,2-二甲氧基丙烷生成五員環;草醯氯形成六員環;馬來醯二氯或鄰苯二甲醯氯形成八員環。Following the procedures described herein (shown in Step Table 1), the following compounds can be prepared using appropriate starting materials and appropriate protecting groups as desired. The key reaction is the cyclization reaction: CDI or 2,2-dimethoxypropane forms a five-membered ring; oxalic acid chloride forms a six-membered ring; maleic acid dichloride or phthalic acid chloride forms an eight-membered ring.
表1
實施例2:化合物在Caco-2試驗中的滲透性Example 2: Permeability of Compounds in Caco-2 Assay
Caco-2細胞培養Caco-2 cell culture
將從ATCC購買的Caco-2細胞以1x10 5細胞/cm 2的速度接種到96孔插板的聚乙烯膜(PET)上,每隔4~5天更新一次介質,直到第21~28天,形成細胞單層。 Caco-2 cells purchased from ATCC were inoculated onto the polyethylene membrane (PET) of a 96-well insert plate at a rate of 1x10 5 cells/cm 2 , and the medium was updated every 4 to 5 days until days 21 to 28. Form a cell monolayer.
轉運方法Transshipment method
在pH值為7.40±0.05的條件下,研究中的遷移緩衝液為HBSS(10.0mm HEPES)。試驗化合物在2.00μM雙向測試,一式兩份。Digoxin(地高辛)在10.0μM雙向檢測,一式兩份,nadolol(納多洛爾)和metoprolol(美托洛爾)在2.00μM測試A至B方向,一式兩份。最終DMSO濃度調整到小於1%。在37±1℃、5%CO 2、飽和濕度的CO 2培養箱中培養2小時,期間無需搖晃。所有樣品與含內標乙腈混合後,在3200轉速下離心10分鐘。對於nadolol和metoprolol,200微升上清液用600微升超純水稀釋後用於LC-MS/MS分析。對於Digoxin和測試化合物,200微升上清液用200微升超純水稀釋後,用於LC-MS/MS分析。藉由LC-MS/MS方法,利用分析物/內標的峰面積比,對起始溶液、供體溶液和受體溶液中的測試和對照化合物的濃度進行了定量。 The migration buffer in the study was HBSS (10.0 mm HEPES) at a pH of 7.40±0.05. Test compounds were tested in duplicate at 2.00 μM in both directions. Digoxin was tested at 10.0 μM in both directions, in duplicate, and nadolol and metoprolol were tested at 2.00 μM in the A to B direction, in duplicate. The final DMSO concentration was adjusted to less than 1%. Incubate in a CO 2 incubator at 37±1°C, 5% CO 2 and saturated humidity for 2 hours without shaking. All samples were mixed with acetonitrile containing internal standard and centrifuged at 3200 rpm for 10 minutes. For nadolol and metoprolol, 200 μl of the supernatant was diluted with 600 μl of ultrapure water and used for LC-MS/MS analysis. For digoxin and test compounds, 200 μl of the supernatant was diluted with 200 μl of ultrapure water and used for LC-MS/MS analysis. The concentrations of test and control compounds in starting, donor, and acceptor solutions were quantified by the LC-MS/MS method using the analyte/internal standard peak area ratio.
運輸實驗後,採用螢光素黃排斥試驗來確定Caco-2細胞單層的完整性.After the transport experiment, a luciferin yellow exclusion assay was used to determine the integrity of the Caco-2 cell monolayer.
資料分析data analysis
表觀滲透係數Papp(cm/s)的計算公式如下: Papp = (dCr/dt) x Vr / (A x C0) 其中(dCr/dt)是接收室中化合物的累積濃度與時間的關係(uM/s);Vr是接收室中的溶液體積(頂端0.075 mL,基底側0.25mL);A是傳輸表面積,即單層面積0.0804 cm 2;C0是供體室的初始濃度(uM)。 The calculation formula of apparent permeability coefficient Papp (cm/s) is as follows: Papp = (dCr/dt) x Vr / (A x C0) where (dCr/dt) is the relationship between the cumulative concentration of the compound in the receiving chamber and time (uM /s); Vr is the solution volume in the receiving chamber (0.075 mL at the top, 0.25 mL at the basal side); A is the transmission surface area, that is, the single layer area is 0.0804 cm 2 ; C0 is the initial concentration of the donor chamber (uM).
流出率Efflux Ratio的計算如下: Efflux Ratio =Papp(BA)/Papp(AB) The calculation of the outflow rate Efflux Ratio is as follows: Efflux Ratio =Papp(BA)/Papp(AB)
回收率的計算採用以下公式: 溶液回收率%= 100 ×[(Vr × Cr) + (Vd ×Cd)] / (Vd ×C0) 其中Vd為供體室的體積(頂端0.075 mL,基底側0.25mL),Cd和Cr分別是供體室和接收室中轉運化合物的最終濃度。 The recovery rate is calculated using the following formula: Solution recovery rate %= 100 ×[(Vr × Cr) + (Vd ×Cd)] / (Vd ×C0) where Vd is the volume of the donor chamber (0.075 mL at the apical side and 0.25 mL at the basal side), and Cd and Cr are the final concentrations of the transported compounds in the donor and receiving chambers, respectively.
結果:result:
表2、化合物在Caco-2試驗中的滲透性
標準*: 低滲透:Papp ≤ 2×10 -6cm/s,中等滲透率2<Papp<20(×10 -6cm/s),高滲透性:Papp≥20(×10 -6cm/s); Standard*: Low permeability: Papp ≤ 2×10 -6 cm/s, medium permeability 2<Papp<20(×10 -6 cm/s), high permeability: Papp≥20(×10 -6 cm/s );
例3.藥代動力學研究 Example 3. Pharmacokinetic study
猴子單次口服化合物和莫努匹拉韋(100mg/kg)後,化合物NHC的單個血漿濃度被用來計算表3中總結的平均藥代動力學參數。Individual plasma concentrations of compound NHC following a single oral administration of compound and monopiravir (100 mg/kg) to monkeys were used to calculate the mean pharmacokinetic parameters summarized in Table 3.
表3. 雄性猴的藥代動力學參數概要
本說明書中所引用的所有專利、專利申請公開、專利申請及非專利出版物,均以其全文併入本文供參考。All patents, patent application publications, patent applications, and non-patent publications cited in this specification are hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety.
自前文可以理解,雖然為了說明的目的在本文中描述了本發明的具體實施方案,但可在不偏離本發明的精神與範圍下進行各種修正。因此,本發明的範圍應當僅受所附的申請專利範圍的限定。It will be understood from the foregoing that, although specific embodiments of the invention are described herein for illustrative purposes, various modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be limited only by the appended claims.
無without
無。without.
無。without.
Claims (10)
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US202263267434P | 2022-02-02 | 2022-02-02 | |
US63/267,434 | 2022-02-02 | ||
US17/664,304 | 2022-05-20 | ||
US17/664,304 US11541071B1 (en) | 2021-12-16 | 2022-05-20 | Nucleoside derivatives and methods of use thereof |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
TW202333745A true TW202333745A (en) | 2023-09-01 |
Family
ID=88927432
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
TW111150807A TW202333745A (en) | 2022-02-02 | 2022-12-30 | Nucleoside derivatives and use thereof |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
TW (1) | TW202333745A (en) |
-
2022
- 2022-12-30 TW TW111150807A patent/TW202333745A/en unknown
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
AU2003257157C1 (en) | Compounds with the bicyclo[4.2.1] nonane system for the treatment of Flaviviridae infections | |
CA3139977A1 (en) | Peptidomimetics for the treatment of coronavirus and picornavirus infections | |
ES2211806T3 (en) | BETA-CARBOLINE DERIVATIVES USEFUL AS INHIBITORS OF PHOSPHODIESTERASE. | |
ES2670927T3 (en) | Nicotinoyl riboside compositions and methods of use | |
JP5080973B2 (en) | Nucleoside aryl phosphoramidates for treating RNA-dependent RNA virus infection | |
ES2278009T3 (en) | DERIVATIVES OF NUCLEOSIDS AS INHIBITORS OF THE RNA POLYMERASA VIRICA DEPENDENT OF RNA. | |
ES2351603T3 (en) | PURINE NUCLEOSID ANALOGS FOR THE TREATMENT OF DISEASES CAUSED BY FLAVIRIDAE INCLUDING HEPATITIS C. | |
TWI333956B (en) | Modified fluorinated nucleoside analogues and the preparation and uses thereof | |
US20140212382A1 (en) | Purine monophosphate prodrugs for treatment of viral infections | |
US20190275063A1 (en) | Methods for treating filoviridae virus infections | |
US11730726B2 (en) | Dimeric immuno-modulatory compounds against cereblon-based mechanisms | |
CA2818853A1 (en) | 2'-spirocyclo-nucleosides for use in therapy of hcv or dengue virus | |
AU2001261167A1 (en) | Beta-carboline derivatives useful as inhibitors of phosphodiesterase | |
MXPA06010075A (en) | Therapeutic compounds. | |
BRPI0714831A2 (en) | compound, pharmaceutical composition and methods of modulating cytokine immune activities in a patient, treating hepatitis virus infection and in a patient, and proliferation-related disorder in a mammal in need thereof | |
TW201429984A (en) | Cyclic nucleoside derivatives and uses thereof | |
CN115490681B (en) | Triazine derivatives | |
CN115504968B (en) | Triazine derivatives | |
ES2220109T3 (en) | 5-HETEROCICLILPIRAZOLO (4,3-D) PIRIMIDIN-7-ONAS FOR THE TREATMENT OF MALE ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION. | |
TWI832678B (en) | Inhibitors of cysteine proteases and use thereof | |
US10266558B2 (en) | Macroheterocyclic nucleoside derivatives and their analogues, production and use thereof | |
US20110184003A1 (en) | Compounds and methods for the treatment of viral infection | |
EA019340B1 (en) | Polymorphs of acyl sulfonamides | |
TW202333745A (en) | Nucleoside derivatives and use thereof | |
US7217815B2 (en) | 2-beta -modified-6-substituted adenosine analogs and their use as antiviral agents |