TW202332496A - Solid-liquid separation apparatus and water treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

A solid-liquid separation apparatus (10) includes a filter cylinder (11) having a number of holes (11h) formed on a wall face thereof; an outer cylinder (13) that overlies the wall face, being spaced apart from the wall face; a filtrate draining pipe (16) connected to the outer cylinder (13); a pouring inlet (15) that supplies liquid to be treated to an upper inner part of the filter cylinder (11); a driving device (17) with a spiral screw (19) or piston that extrudes the liquid in the filter cylinder (11) downward; and a shielding device (20) that opens the pouring inlet (15) during a normal operation and closes the pouring inlet (15) during washing with reverse flow. During a normal operation, a filtrate is extracted from the liquid to be treated through the holes (11h) to a space outside of the filter cylinder (11) and also inside the outer cylinder (13) and is let to flow to the filtrate draining pipe (16), and the liquid condensed by the extraction of the filtrate is exhausted from the lower part of the filter cylinder (11). During washing with reverse flow, the level (L1) of the liquid in the filter cylinder (11) comes lower than the level (L2) of the filtrate, so that a pressure in the direction from the outside to the inside of the filter cylinder (11) is generated and clogging of the holes (11h) is resolved.

Description

Solid-liquid separation device and water treatment system

The present invention relates to a solid-liquid separation device capable of removing fibers from sludge or concentrating sludge, and a water treatment system using the solid-liquid separation device.

In a conventional solid-liquid separation device, a filter cartridge is housed inside an outer cylinder, and a spiral screw is rotatably housed inside the filter barrel (see Patent Document 1). This device takes out the separated liquid from the sludge introduced into the filter barrel from the inside to the outside of the filter barrel, and uses a spiral screw to condense the sludge after removing the separated liquid from the sludge. Take it out through the inside of the filter cartridge. In addition, in this device, when the filter cartridge is clogged, an air compressor installed outside the device generates compressed air, and the compressed air is used to perform air backwashing, thereby removing the clogging. [Prior technical literature] [Patent Document]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2007-38187

[Problem to be solved by the invention]

However, the technology of the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 uses compressed air for backwashing, so it not only consumes electricity, but also requires the installation of an air compressor and its accompanying pressure-resistant equipment, which inevitably increases the cost. In other words, from an economic point of view, improvement is still expected in the method of unblocking the filter cartridge of the solid-liquid separation device. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a solid-liquid separation device capable of backwashing at a lower cost and a water treatment system using such a solid-liquid separation device. [Technical means to solve problems]

The solid-liquid separation device of the present invention is provided with: a cylindrical filter cylinder, the central axis of which is arranged in a nearly vertical direction and has many holes on the wall; and an outer cylinder with a space between it and the aforementioned wall. In a spaced manner, the aforementioned filter cartridge is covered from the outside; a filtrate outflow pipe is connected to the aforementioned outer cartridge; an inlet is used to supply the treated liquid to the upper side and inside of the aforementioned filter cartridge; drive A device, which has a spiral screw or piston for pushing the treated liquid in the filter cylinder downward; and a blocking device, which opens the inflow port during normal operation and during backwashing. Close the aforementioned inlet. During the normal operation, the filtrate is taken out from the treated liquid through the hole to the outside of the filter cylinder and inside the outer cylinder, and then the taken out filtrate flows to the filtrate outflow pipe, and will be The liquid to be treated after the filtrate has been taken out and concentrated is discharged from the bottom of the filter cylinder. During the backwashing, the liquid level of the liquid to be treated in the filter cylinder becomes lower than that of the filtrate. The pressure generated from the outside of the filter cartridge toward the inside of the filter cartridge unblocks the holes.

In addition, the water treatment system of the present invention is equipped with: the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention; a water tank or a plurality of water tanks connected in series, which is used to treat the aforementioned liquid to be treated, that is, slag removal liquid, sewage, or sewage. The nitrification and denitrification process of mud is subjected to nitrification and denitrification treatment; a water tank or a plurality of water tanks connected in series are used to implement membrane separation using a membrane separation device to perform membrane separation treatment on the aforementioned liquid to be treated after the aforementioned nitrification and denitrification. process; and dehydration equipment for dehydrating excess sludge; the solid-liquid separation device is installed in the water tank and uses the membrane separation device to squeeze or absorb the stored liquid to be treated In any water tank other than the water tank, the filtrate of the solid-liquid separation device will become the liquid to be treated that is stored in the water tank disposed on the downstream side of the water tank where the solid-liquid separation device is installed. The water tank of the solid-liquid separation device transfers the excess sludge to the dehydration equipment and performs the dehydration treatment. [Effects of the invention]

According to the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention, it is not necessary to install an air compressor and its accompanying pressure-resistant equipment in the conventional technology. It only needs to be provided with a temporarily actuable blocking device. Therefore, it can be lowered cost to implement backwashing. Furthermore, according to the water treatment system of the present invention, operating costs can be reduced by introducing the solid-liquid separation device. In addition, in the water treatment system of the present invention, although the remaining sludge containing the crude fibers removed by the solid-liquid separation device of the present invention is dehydrated in the dehydration equipment, the crude fibers have the function of a dehydration aid. , so operating costs can be further reduced.

The solid-liquid separation device according to the embodiment and the water treatment system including the solid-liquid separation device are described below with reference to drawings. The structures shown below are only examples, and are not intended to exclude various undisclosed modifications and applications of various technologies. The structures shown below can be implemented with various modifications as long as they do not deviate from the essential components and the gist of the present invention.

[1. Water treatment system] 1 to 3 are schematic diagrams showing several examples of water treatment systems 1 (1A to 1C) using the solid-liquid separation device 10 of this embodiment (which will be described in detail later in [0018]). Each water treatment system 1 has: a water tank or a series of water tanks for nitrification and denitrification (hereinafter, referred to as "nitrification and denitrification") of the liquid to be treated (slag removal liquid, sewage, or sludge). A plurality of water tanks; one water tank or a plurality of water tanks connected in series for membrane separation of the treated liquid that has undergone nitrification and denitrification; dehydrating the remaining sludge generated in the water tank equipped with the solid-liquid separation device 10 Sludge dehydration equipment. The solid-liquid separation device 10 is set in any of the water tanks mentioned above. First, each water treatment system 1 (1A~1C) will be briefly explained as follows.

The water treatment system 1A shown in Figure 1 has: (1) a storage tank 2 for storing a deslag liquid as a liquid to be treated; (2) a storage tank 2 for performing nitrification and denitrification of the liquid to be treated. The reaction tank 3 of the water tank of the nitrification and denitrification process is used for the flow of the treated liquid, and the stirring tank 4 is used to stir the treated liquid after the reaction in the reaction tank 3; (3) as a solid state A membrane raw water tank 6 for storing the filtrate separated by the solid-liquid separation device 10 arranged in the stirring tank 4, and a water tank and equipment for the membrane separation process in which the filtrate separated by the liquid separation device 10 is subjected to membrane separation treatment. a membrane separation device 7 for performing membrane separation treatment on the filtrate stored in the membrane raw water tank 6; and (4) a sludge dewatering device 9 for dehydrating the remaining sludge generated in the stirring tank 4 equipped with the solid-liquid separation device 10.

The solid-liquid separation device 10 is used as a fiber removal device that removes crude fibers from the liquid to be treated in the agitation tank 4 and leaves the crude fibers in the agitation tank 4 . In addition, since the solid-liquid separation device 10 separates the filtrate from the liquid to be treated in the stirring tank 4 to concentrate the liquid to be treated, it can also be regarded as a concentration device. That is, the solid-liquid separation device 10 has the functions of a fiber removal device and a concentration device. A flow meter 33 is provided in the flow path of the filtrate flowing from the stirring tank 4 to the membrane raw water tank 6. The solid-liquid separation device 10 is executed by the control device 30 based on the flow rate information of the filtrate obtained by the flow meter 33. control. In addition, the stirring tank 4 is provided with a surplus sludge pump 8 for transferring the surplus sludge containing coarse fibers to the sludge dehydration equipment 9 . The membrane separation device 7 has a solid-liquid separation membrane (not shown) (for example: soaked membrane, tubular membrane, etc.), and can be implemented by squeezing or sucking the filtrate stored in the membrane raw water tank 6 using a pump (not shown). In the solid-liquid separation process, the permeate liquid obtained by the solid-liquid separation process is transferred to a subsequent treatment device not shown in the figure, and the sludge obtained by the solid-liquid separation process (after removing the permeate liquid from the filtrate The sludge (return sludge)) is sent back to the reaction tank 3.

The water treatment system 1B shown in Figure 2 has: (1) a storage tank 2 for storing sewage as a liquid to be treated; (2) as an implementation, nitrification and denitrification treatment of the liquid to be treated stored in the storage tank 2 The water tanks of the nitrification and denitrification process are connected in series and are arranged in the first nitrification and denitrification tank 5A on the upstream side and the second nitrification and denitrification tank 5B on the downstream side; (3) as a method for implementing solid-liquid separation The water tank in which the filtrate separated by the device 10 is subjected to the membrane separation process, and the membrane raw water tank 6 of the device used to store the filtrate separated by the solid-liquid separation device 10 arranged in the second nitrification and denitrification tank 5B. , and, a membrane separation device 7 for performing membrane separation treatment on the filtrate stored in the membrane raw water tank 6; and (4) the remaining sludge generated by the second nitrification and denitrification tank 5B provided with the solid-liquid separation device 10. Sludge dehydration equipment for dehydration treatment 9.

The solid-liquid separation device 10 is used as a fiber removal device that removes crude fibers from the liquid to be treated in the second nitrification and denitrification tank 5B and leaves the crude fibers in the second nitrification and denitrification tank 5B. In addition, since the solid-liquid separation device 10 separates the filtrate from the liquid to be treated in the second nitrification and denitrification tank 5B to concentrate the liquid to be treated, it is the same as the water treatment system 1A shown in FIG. 1 , can also be regarded as a concentration device. A flow meter 33 is provided in the flow path of the filtrate flowing from the second nitrification and denitrification tank 5B to the membrane raw water tank 6. The solid-liquid separation device 10 is controlled by the control device 30 based on the flow information of the filtrate obtained by the flow meter 33. Controls performed. In addition, the second nitrification and denitrification tank 5B is also provided with a surplus sludge pump 8 for transferring the surplus sludge containing coarse fibers to the sludge dehydration equipment 9 . The membrane separation device 7 has a solid-liquid separation membrane (eg, soaked membrane, tubular membrane, etc.) not shown in the figure. The filtrate in the membrane raw water tank 6 can be squeezed or sucked using a pump not shown in the figure to perform solid-liquid separation. In the separation process, the permeate liquid obtained by the solid-liquid separation process is transferred to a subsequent treatment device not shown in the figure, and the sludge obtained by the solid-liquid separation process (the sludge after removing the permeate liquid from the filtrate) is Sludge (return sludge)) is sent back to the first nitrification and denitrification tank 5A.

The water treatment system 1C shown in Figure 3 has: (1) a storage tank 2 for storing sewage as a liquid to be treated; (2) as an implementation, nitrification and denitrification treatment of the liquid to be treated stored in the storage tank 2 The water tank of the nitrification and denitrification process is a nitrification and denitrification tank 5 that can allow the liquid to be treated to flow in and perform nitrification and denitrification treatment on the liquid to be treated; (3) as a filtrate separated by the solid-liquid separation device 10. The water tank and device of the membrane separation process of the membrane separation treatment, that is, the first membrane raw water tank 6A, which allows the liquid to be treated after the nitrification and denitrification treatment in the nitrification and denitrification tank 5 to flow into and is equipped with the solid-liquid separation device 10. The second membrane raw water tank 6B for storing the filtrate separated by the solid-liquid separation device 10, and the membrane separation device 7 for performing membrane separation treatment on the filtrate stored in the second membrane raw water tank 6B; and (4) a device equipped with The sludge dehydration equipment 9 is a sludge dehydration equipment 9 for dehydrating the remaining sludge generated in the first membrane raw water tank 6A of the solid-liquid separation device 10 .

The solid-liquid separation device 10 is used as a fiber removal device that removes crude fibers from the liquid to be treated in the first membrane raw water tank 6A. In addition, since the solid-liquid separation device 10 separates the filtrate from the liquid to be treated in the first membrane raw water tank 6A to concentrate the liquid to be treated, it can also be regarded as a concentration device. A flow meter 33 is provided in the flow path of the filtrate flowing from the first membrane raw water tank 6A to the second membrane raw water tank 6B. The solid-liquid separation device 10 is controlled by the control device based on the flow rate information of the filtrate obtained by the flow meter 33 30 Controls performed. In addition, the first membrane raw water tank 6A is also provided with a surplus sludge pump 8 for transferring the surplus sludge containing coarse fibers to the sludge dehydration equipment 9 . The membrane separation device 7 can perform a solid-liquid separation process by squeezing or sucking the filtrate in the second membrane raw water tank 6B using a pump (not shown), and can separate the sludge (from the filtrate) obtained by the solid-liquid separation process. The sludge after removing the penetration fluid (return sludge) is sent back to the nitrification and denitrification tank 5.

The water treatment systems 1 (1A to 1C) described above are all capable of supplying the filtrate after removing crude fibers to the membrane separation device 7. Therefore, clogging of the membrane separation device 7 can be suppressed and membrane separation treatment can be performed very efficiently. . In addition, although the excess sludge containing crude fiber is transferred to the sludge dehydration equipment 9, in the water tank equipped with the solid-liquid separation device 10, the concentration of the crude fiber is uniformized, and the crude fiber can function as a dewatering device. Therefore, the sludge dehydration equipment 9 can be used to dehydrate the remaining sludge very well and stably. Not only that, the conventional technology is that when using the sludge dehydration equipment 9 to dehydrate the remaining sludge, it is necessary to purchase dehydration aids and supply them to the sludge dehydration equipment. In contrast, according to the water treatment system 1, Because crude fiber can be used as a dehydration aid, the amount of dehydration aid purchased can be reduced, and it has excellent cost performance (C/P value).

[2. Solid-liquid separation device] Next, the solid-liquid separation device 10 will be described in detail. The installation position of the solid-liquid separation device 10 is not limited to the above-mentioned arrangement in the water treatment system 1 (1A to 1C), but there are various arrangements. There is no particular limitation on which water tank the solid-liquid separation device 10 must be installed in as long as the filtrate obtained by removing crude fibers from the liquid to be treated by the solid-liquid separation device 10 can be supplied to the membrane separation device 7 . FIG. 4 shows the solid-liquid separation device 10 during normal operation (FIG. 4(a)) and during backwashing (FIG. 4(b)). The solid-liquid separation device 10 is provided with: a cylindrical filter cylinder 11, the central axis of which is arranged in a nearly vertical direction, and has a plurality of holes 11h on the wall; spaced apart from the wall of the filter cylinder 11 The outer cylinder 13 covers the filter cylinder 11 from the outside of the filter cylinder 11; the filtrate outflow pipe 16 connected to the outer cylinder 13; and the inlet 15 used to supply the treated liquid to the upper side and inside of the filter cylinder 11; It has a driving device 17 that can push the treated liquid in the filter cartridge 11 downward; and a blocking device 20 that opens the inlet 15 during normal operation and closes the inlet 15 during backwashing.

The filter cartridge 11 is a part used to filter the liquid to be treated and remove coarse fibers. It is made of a structure with a plurality of small holes (for example, a hole diameter of about 1 mm), such as a punched metal plate structure. By making the filter cartridge 11 into a punched metal plate structure, the activated sludge as the filtrate can smoothly pass through the small holes. The filter cartridge 11 may adopt a divided structure as illustrated in Figures 5(a) to (c), or may adopt an integrated structure (no divided structure). The inner diameter of the filter cartridge 11 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the blades of the spiral screw 19, but is slightly larger.

The filter cartridge 11 of the divided structure is provided with a plurality of arcuate surface portions divided in the circumferential direction along the central axis. One end and the other end (that is, both ends) of each arcuate surface in the circumferential direction are provided with flat ears. The ears are formed by bending the ends of the arcuate surface. A flat plate extending along the central axis direction and protruding toward the outside of the filter cartridge 11 . Two adjacent arcuate portions in the circumferential direction are locked with each other by using two adjacent ear portions.

For example: in the 2-divided case shown in Figure 5(a), the filter cartridge 11 has two arcuate surface portions 11a. Flat-plate-shaped ears 11d extending in the central axis direction are provided at both ends in the circumferential direction of each arcuate surface portion 11a. First, the two arcuate portions 11a are appropriately arranged to form a cylindrical shape. Then, the two ear portions 11d adjacent in the circumferential direction are locked together using a locking tool 11e such as a screw. In this way, the filter cartridge 11 is formed. In the three-divided case shown in Fig. 5(b), the filter cartridge 11 has three arcuate surface portions 11b. First, the three arc-shaped portions 11b are arranged appropriately to form a cylindrical shape. Then, the ears 11d of the arcuate surface portions 11b adjacent in the circumferential direction are locked together with the locking tools 11e in the same manner as in Fig. 5(a). In this way, the filter cartridge 11 is formed. In the four-divided case shown in Fig. 5(c), the filter cartridge 11 has four arcuate surface portions 11c. First, the four arc-shaped portions 11c are arranged appropriately to form a cylindrical shape. Then, the ears 11d of the arcuate surface portions 11c adjacent in the circumferential direction are locked together with the locking tools 11e in the same manner as in Fig. 5(a). In this way, the filter cartridge 11 is formed. Here, an example is shown in which the filter cartridge 11 is divided into two, three, and four divisions. However, the number of divisions may be five or more in accordance with design requirements.

Each of the arcuate surface portions 11a, 11b, and 11c of the above-mentioned divided structure can be formed by using only a small metal plate compared with the case of not having a divided structure, so the workability can be improved. Therefore, even in the case of manufacturing a large-diameter filter cartridge 11, it can still be manufactured more economically, and the performance of assembly, disassembly, and maintenance can also be improved. In addition, in the case of the filter cartridge 11 having a divided structure, it is better to divide the filter cartridge 11 evenly, that is, to make the size of each arcuate surface part in the circumferential direction the same. In addition, in order not to create a gap between the arcuate surfaces forming the filter cartridge 11, the ear portion 11d is locked at one end and the other end in the central axis direction with a locking tool 11e. It is preferable that the intermediate portion between the other end and the other end is also locked with the locking tool 11e.

As shown in FIG. 4 , when the filter cartridge 11 has a divided structure, a rotation preventer 12 c for preventing the filter cartridge 11 from rotating is provided on the bottom 12 of the solid-liquid separation device 10 . The rotation preventer 12c is, for example, a U-shaped hardware part open upward, and is arranged corresponding to the number and position of divisions of the division structure. In addition, the filter cartridge 11 to be described below also adopts the above-mentioned evenly divided structure. 6(a) and 6(b) are side views and top views showing the bottom 12 having the rotation preventer 12c corresponding to the four-divided filter cartridge 11. The bottom 12 has a cylindrical barrel portion 12a attached to the lower end of the filter cartridge 11, and an annular bottom surface 12b extending radially outward from the lower end of the barrel portion 12a.

The same number of rotation preventers 12c as the number of divisions are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction on the upper part of the cylindrical part 12a, and the sides of the U-shaped apex are fixed to the cylindrical part 12a by welding or the like. Although the inner diameter of the filter cylinder 11 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the cylinder portion 12a, it is slightly larger. When inserting the filter cartridge 11 into the cylinder portion 12a, the ear portion 11d of the filter cartridge 11 (which has been locked together by the locking tool 11e) is inserted into the U-shaped rotation preventing tool 12c. In this way, even when the helical screw 19 operates or the liquid to be treated flows, the filter cartridge 11 does not rotate around the central axis. Therefore, it is possible to prevent deterioration such as wear in the portion of the filter cartridge 11 that is in contact with the cylindrical portion 12a. That is, the durability of the filter cartridge 11 can be improved.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the outer cylinder 13 covering the filter cylinder 11 from the outside is not provided with holes, so the liquid to be treated is not allowed to pass through. The outer cylinder 13 is provided with: a main cylinder surface 13a arranged on the outside of the filter cylinder 11 with a distance from the wall surface of the filter cylinder 11 and approximately the same center as the filter cylinder 11; and an upper end surface forming the main cylinder surface 13a. a ring-shaped annular upper surface 13b; and a ring-shaped annular lower surface 13c forming the lower end surface of the main cylinder surface 13a. The filter cartridge 11 is tightly inserted and fitted into each central hole of the annular upper surface 13b and the annular lower surface 13c without any gaps. In this specification, in order to simplify the illustration, only the main cylinder surface 13a, the annular upper surface 13b, and the annular lower surface 13c are marked with symbols in FIG. 4(a), while in other figures only Marked: outer cylinder 13. In addition, the annular lower surface 13c may not be provided, but the bottom surface 12b of the bottom part 12 may also be used as the annular lower surface 13c.

Moreover, the filter cylinder 11 is provided so that it may protrude upward from the annular upper surface 13b of the outer cylinder 13. The hole 11h is not provided in this protruding part 11f. In other words, the outer cylinder 13 merely covers the outside of the filter cylinder 11 in the portion of the filter cylinder 11 in which the hole 11 h is formed. The protruding portion 11f of the filter cartridge 11 protrudes above the liquid level L3 of the water tank in which the solid-liquid separation device 10 is installed. In addition, the protruding portion 11f of the filter cartridge 11 is connected to one end of the to-be-processed liquid inflow pipe 14 for flowing the to-be-processed liquid into the filter cartridge 11 . The opening at the other end of the inlet pipe 14 for the liquid to be treated is the inlet 15 .

The hollow arrow in Fig. 4(a) indicates the flow direction of the liquid to be treated. During normal operation, the liquid to be treated is taken in from the inlet 15 and introduced into the filter cartridge 11 from the protruding portion 11f of the filter cartridge 11 through the liquid inlet pipe 14 . The solid-liquid separation device 10 takes out the filtrate from the liquid to be treated through the hole 11h, flows to the outside of the filter cylinder 11 and the inside of the outer cylinder 13, and flows the taken out filtrate to the filtrate outflow pipe 16, and will be taken out The liquid to be treated, which has been separated from the filtrate and concentrated, is discharged from the bottom of the filter cartridge 11. In Figure 4(a) , the hollow black dot arrow indicates the flow direction of the filtrate, and the dotted ellipse indicates the thick fibers removed from the liquid to be treated.

The filtrate outflow pipe 16 is connected to the lower part of the outer cylinder 13 (for example: the lower end of the main cylinder surface 13a) and is used to transfer the filtrate taken out and flowing outside the filter cylinder 11 and inside the outer cylinder 13 to the next water tank. of piping. The filtrate outflow pipe 16 is provided with a flow meter 33 for measuring the flow rate of the filtrate flowing inside the pipe. In addition, the liquid level of the next water tank is set to a position lower than the liquid level L3 of the water tank in which the solid-liquid separation device 10 is installed.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the driving device 17 is, for example, a motor. By rotating the rotating shaft 18 that is coaxially arranged with the central axis of the filter cartridge 11 , the helical screw fixed on the rotating shaft 18 can be rotated. 19 for rotation. The spiral screw 19 continues to rotate to cause the liquid to be treated in the filter cartridge 11 to descend, whether during normal operation or during backwashing. The operating state of the driving device 17 is controlled by the control device 30 described below. The blocking device 20 is a device that switches the opening and closing state of the inflow port 15 by actuating the blocking valve 21 (for example, a solenoid valve, etc.). The blocking device 20 opens the inflow port 15 during normal operation, and uses the blocking valve 21 to close the inflow port 15 during backwashing. The operating state of the blocking device 20 is controlled by the control device 30 described below.

When the solid-liquid separation device 10 is backwashed, the liquid level L1 of the liquid to be treated in the filter cartridge 11 is lower than the liquid level L2 of the filtrate, thus generating pressure from the outside of the filter cartridge 11 toward the inside, which can be used to relieve the pressure. The hole 11h of the filter cartridge 11 is blocked. During backwashing, the spiral screw 19 still maintains a rotating state, so the liquid level L1 in the filter cartridge 11 continues to gradually decrease. On the other hand, the liquid level L2 of the filtrate is the liquid level that exists outside the filter cartridge 11 and inside the outer cartridge 13. Therefore, during backwashing, it will move higher than the liquid level L1 in the filter cartridge 11. s position.

Therefore, as the liquid level L1 drops, the backwashing mechanism shown in Figure 7 comes into play, and backwashing is gradually performed from the top. Specifically, because the liquid level L1 in the filter cartridge 11 becomes lower than the liquid level L2 of the filtrate, the pressure difference between the two is used to generate a liquid flow from the outside to the inside of the filter cartridge 11, which can solve the problem of clogging in the filter cartridge. The thick fibers in the holes 11h of 11 are squeezed or pushed out to be removed. Not only that, the rotation of the spiral screw 19 can also be used to generate a Karman vortex on the back of the spiral screw 19, and this vortex can also help to relieve clogging.

The solid-liquid separation device 10 also has a filtrate rectifying plate 22 arranged at the lower part of the outer cylinder 13 and inside for rectifying the filtrate and sending it to the filtrate outflow pipe 16 . By providing the filtrate rectifying plate 22, the filtrate can be prevented from flowing unevenly and sludge can be prevented from accumulating on the opposite side of the filtrate outflow pipe 16. FIG. 8 shows an example of the filtrate rectifying plate 22. The filtrate rectifying plate 22 is provided with a slope 22 a located outside the filter cylinder 11 and inside the outer cylinder 13 , and descending obliquely from the outside toward the inside, and an upper edge portion 22 c of the slope 22 a in a direction substantially perpendicular to the central axis. The receiving surface 22e extends toward the outer tube 13. The inclined surface 22a is arranged so that the lower edge portion 22b of the inclined surface 22a is kept apart from the annular lower surface 13c of the outer cylinder 13 (or the bottom surface 12b of the bottom 12). The receiving surface 22e is a surface for receiving the filtrate from above, and its outer edge portion 22d is in contact with or fixed to the inner peripheral surface of the outer cylinder 13. One end of the filtrate outflow pipe 16 is connected below the receiving surface 22e in the outer cylinder 13 and outside the inclined surface 22a.

The filter cylinder 11, the outer cylinder 13 and the filtrate rectifying plate 22 are in the relationship of Dd>Dc>Db>Da. Da here is the outer diameter (diameter) of the filter cartridge 11, Db is the diameter of the lower edge 22b of the filtrate rectifying plate 22, Dc is the diameter of the upper edge 22c of the filtrate rectifying plate 22, and Dd is the diameter of the filtrate rectifying plate 22. The diameter of the outer edge portion 22d and the inner diameter (diameter) of the outer cylinder 13. The filtrate existing outside the filter cylinder 11 and inside the outer cylinder 13 flows downward. Through the arrangement of the filtrate outflow pipe 16 and the use of the receiving surface 22e and the inclined surface 22a of the filtrate rectifying plate 22, the flow of the filtrate is affected by Rectify and flow to the filtrate outflow pipe 16. By properly designing the shape of the filtrate rectifying plate 22 and the connection method of the filtrate outflow pipe 16 , the water flow of the filtrate near the filtrate rectifying plate 22 can be turned into a swirling flow and flow to the filtrate outflow pipe 16 . In this case, accumulation of sludge on the opposite side of the filtrate outflow pipe 16 can be prevented more effectively.

The solid-liquid separation device 10 also has: based on the measurement value of the flow meter 33 or the respective measurement values of the first pressure gauge 31 and the second pressure gauge 32 provided in the solid-liquid separation device 10, the blocking device 20 and The control device 30 controls the drive device 17 . The first pressure sensor 31a connected to the first pressure gauge 31 is disposed on the outer surface of the filter cartridge 11 and can measure the pressure inside the filter cartridge 11 through the hole 11h. And the first pressure sensor 31a sends an electrical signal related to the measured pressure to the first pressure gauge 31. After receiving the electrical signal sent by the first pressure sensor 31a, the first pressure gauge 31 performs calculation and sends the result of the calculation to the control device 30 as the first measurement value P1. The second pressure sensor 32a connected to the second pressure gauge 32 is disposed on the outside of the outer cylinder 13, and measures the pressure on the outside of the filter cylinder 11 through a small hole (not shown) formed in the outer cylinder 13. The pressure on the inside of the outer cylinder 13. And the second pressure sensor 32a sends an electrical signal related to the measured pressure to the second pressure gauge 32. After receiving the electrical signal sent by the second pressure sensor 32a, the second pressure gauge 32 performs calculation and sends the result of the calculation to the control device 30 as the second measurement value P2. Because the first pressure sensor 31a and the second pressure sensor 32a are both arranged outside the filter cartridge 11, they will not hinder the rotation of the helical screw 19. Although the first pressure sensor 31a and the second pressure sensor 32a shown in FIG. 4 are arranged slightly above the filtrate rectifying plate 22, they are preferably arranged below the outer cylinder 13 as much as possible. For example, the first pressure sensor 31a is disposed at a position where the first pressure sensor 31a is not exposed to the atmosphere even if the level L1 of the liquid to be processed drops due to the rotation of the helical screw 19. (In other words, the measured pressure will not be at the atmospheric pressure level) It is better.

If the flow rate (measurement value) measured by the flow meter 33 is lower than the first threshold Q, or the pressure (first measurement value P1) measured by the first pressure meter 32 is different from the pressure measured by the second pressure meter 32 If the difference ΔP (=P1-P2) of the pressure (the second measured value P2) is greater than or equal to the second threshold P, the control device 30 determines that the filter cartridge 11 is too clogged, and therefore performs a backwash operation. That is, when the flow rate of the filtrate is lower than the first threshold Q, or when the pressure inside the filter cylinder 11 is greater than the difference between the pressure outside the filter cylinder 11 and the pressure inside the outer cylinder 13, it is greater than or equal to the second threshold P. Implement backwashing.

Specifically, the control device 30 controls the blocking device 20 to close the inflow port 15 using the blocking valve 21, and controls the driving device 17 to increase the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 18 from a predetermined value. In this way, the above-mentioned backwashing mechanism will take effect, and the coarse fibers blocked in the holes 11h of the filter cartridge 11 will be squeezed or pushed out to be removed. After the backwashing operation is completed, the control device 30 returns to the state before backwashing. In other words, the blocking device 20 is controlled to open the inflow port 15, and the driving device 17 is controlled to return the rotational speed of the rotating shaft 18 to a predetermined value.

According to the solid-liquid separation device 10 of this embodiment, it is not necessary to install an air compressor and its accompanying pressure-resistant equipment as in the conventional technology. It only needs to be provided with a temporarily actuable blocking device 20. Therefore, it is possible to Lower cost to implement backwashing. Furthermore, in the water treatment system 1 in which the solid-liquid separation device 10 is introduced, the operating cost can be reduced. In addition, the dehydration equipment in the water treatment system 1 dehydrates the remaining sludge containing the crude fiber removed by the above-mentioned solid-liquid separation device 10. Since the crude fiber can function as a dehydration aid, it can be more Reduce operating costs.

In addition, the control device 30 may only determine whether backwashing is necessary based on: using the measurement value of the flow meter 33; and whether backwashing must be performed using the measurement values of the two pressure meters 31, 32. According to one of the judgments, it is judged that the filter cartridge 11 is clogged and backwashing is performed. It is also possible that backwashing is performed only when both judgments indicate that backwashing is necessary. In the former case, the flow meter 33 or the pressure meters 31 and 32 not used for determination can be omitted.

[3. Modification of solid-liquid separation device] The above-mentioned solid-liquid separation device 10 is just one example, and its structure is not limited to the above-mentioned structure. FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a solid-liquid separation device 10A according to the first modified example (a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4 ). The difference from the solid-liquid separation device 10 of the embodiment is that the liquid to be treated inflow pipe 14 is not provided, and the upper end of the filter cartridge 11 (the upper end of the protruding portion 11f) is used as the inlet 15. , and the blocking device 20 has a blocking cover 23 . The other structures are the same as the solid-liquid separation device 10, and therefore their description is omitted.

The upper end of the protruding portion 11f of the filter cartridge 11 in this modification is located further below the liquid level L3 of the liquid to be treated. Above the upper end of the filter cartridge 11, a blocking cover 23 that can move up and down using the blocking device 20 is provided. The liquid to be treated flows into the filter cartridge 11 from between the blocking cover 23 and the upper end of the filter cartridge 11 , so the upper end of the filter cartridge 11 functions as the inlet 15 . During backwashing, the blocking device 20 overlaps the blocking cover 23 on the upper end of the filter cartridge 11, thus closing the inlet 15. During backwashing, the spiral screw 19 continues to rotate, so the liquid level L1 of the liquid to be treated in the filter cartridge 11 continues to decrease. In this way, like the above-mentioned embodiment, the backwashing mechanism will take effect, and backwashing will be gradually performed from above the filter cartridge 11 to remove clogging.

Here, the structure of the blocking cover 23 will be explained. 10(a) and 10(b) are upper surface views and cross-sectional views showing one example of the blocking cover 23 (however, the rotating shaft 18 is a side view), and FIG. 10(c) shows the blocking cover 23 A cross-sectional view of another example (however, the rotation axis 18 is a side view). In the center of the blocking cover 23, a hole through which the rotating shaft 18 can pass is provided. In this way, the rotation of the rotating shaft 18 will not be hindered by the blocking cover 23 . In addition, the rotation shaft 18 and the blocking cover 23 are in the relationship of Dg>Da>Df>De. Here Da is the diameter of the filter cartridge 11, De is the diameter of the rotation shaft 18, Df is the diameter of the central hole of the blocking cover 23, and Dg is the diameter of the blocking cover 23. In addition, Df is slightly larger than De.

When the blocking cover 23 shown in FIGS. 10(a) and 10(b) is provided, when backwashing is performed, in other words, even in a state where the inflow port 15 is closed by the blocking cover 23, the liquid to be processed is It will also flow into the filter cartridge 11 from the gap between the central hole of the blocking cover 23 and the rotating shaft 18 . However, since the liquid to be treated is a highly viscous liquid such as sludge, the amount of liquid flowing in from this gap is very small. Therefore, the pressure in the filter cartridge 11 can be reduced by the rotation of the rotating shaft 18. In addition to the effect of pushing the treated liquid in the filter cartridge 11 downward during backwashing, according to this modification, Furthermore, the effect of being sucked from the outside of the filter cartridge 11 and the inside of the outer cartridge 13 to the inside of the filter cartridge 11 has been added. Therefore, backwashing can be performed more effectively than in the previous embodiments.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 10(c) , a first sealing rubber 24 (for example, silicone rubber) that does not slide along the rotating shaft 18 may also be provided in the gap between the rotating shaft 18 and the central hole of the blocking cover 23 . etc.) to seal the gap. In addition, a second sealing rubber 25 (such as silicone rubber) can also be provided on the upper end of the filter cartridge 11 to improve the sealing degree when the blocking cover 23 closes the inlet 15 . In this way, compared with the blocking cover 23 shown in FIGS. 10(a) and 10(b) , the effect of attracting from the outside of the filter cartridge 11 and the inside of the outer cartridge 13 to the inside of the filter cartridge 11 can be further improved. , therefore, the clogging of the filter cartridge 11 can be more effectively released.

FIG. 11 is a diagram showing a solid-liquid separation device 10B according to a second modification example (a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4(b) ). The difference from the solid-liquid separation device 10 of the embodiment is that the helical screw 19 is not used but the piston 29 is provided. The other structures are the same as the solid-liquid separation device 10, and therefore their description is omitted.

The solid-liquid separation device 10B according to the second modified example is provided with a driving device 27 provided with a piston 29 that can move up and down in the filter cartridge 11 . The driving device 27 is provided with a piston 29 at the front end of a driving shaft 28, and the driving shaft 28 is nearly consistent with the central axis of the filter cartridge 11, and can move the piston 29 in the up and down direction. The inner diameter of the filter cartridge 11 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the piston 29 , but slightly larger, so there is almost no gap between the outer peripheral surface of the piston 29 and the wall surface of the filter cartridge 11 . In addition, a soft brush and/or a blade-shaped scrubbing member (not shown) may be provided on the outer peripheral surface of the piston 29, and during backwashing, the piston 29 will come into contact with the filter cartridge when it descends. The wall surface (inner peripheral surface) of 11 is in contact. In this case, the effect of relieving clogging during backwashing can be further improved.

During normal operation of the solid-liquid separation device 10B of the second modified example, the control device 30 controls the driving device 27 to cause the liquid to be treated flowing in from the inlet 15 through the liquid to be treated inlet pipe 14 to flow into the filter cartridge 11 The flow of water flowing below (the flow of liquid to be processed). In addition, during normal operation, the up and down strokes of the piston 29 are shortened. For example, the connection point between the filter cartridge 11 and the inlet pipe 14 of the liquid to be treated is used as the lower stroke limit of the piston 29 to drive the piston 29 up and down in the protruding portion 11f of the filter cartridge 11 .

Furthermore, during backwashing, the control device 30 controls the driving device 27 to lengthen the up and down stroke of the piston 29 (for example, using the lower end of the filter cartridge 11 as the lower limit of the stroke) to move the piston 29 downward. When the piston 29 moves to the lower limit, the backwash action ends. After the backwashing operation is completed, the control device 30 controls the blocking device 20 to move the blocking valve 21 to open the inlet 15. The control device 30 also controls the driving device 27 to return the piston 29 to the top, and the control device 30 starts to perform normal operation again. .

FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a solid-liquid separation device 10C according to the third modification example (a diagram corresponding to FIG. 4(b) ), and FIGS. 13(a) and 13(b) are for explaining the blocking cover 23 of FIG. 12 and an illustration of the state of the piston 29. The difference from the solid-liquid separation device 10B of the second modified example is that the liquid to be processed inflow pipe 14 is not provided, and the upper end of the filter cartridge 11 (the upper end of the protruding portion 11f) is used as the inlet 15. and the fact that the driving device 27' doubles as a blocking device. The other structures are the same as those of the solid-liquid separation device 10B, so the description thereof is omitted.

In the solid-liquid separation device 10C of the third modified example, the upper end of the filter cartridge 11 is located below the liquid level L3 of the liquid to be processed. Like the second modified example, the control device 30 controls the driving device 27' to drive the piston 29 in the up and down direction in the filter cartridge 11. Although the blocking cover 23 for closing the inlet 15 is provided above the upper end of the filter cartridge 11, the blocking cover 23 of this modification is designed as a heavy object that can use its own weight to The inflow port 15 is closed and will not be affected by the flow of the liquid to be treated so that its position is not shifted.

As shown in Figure 13 (a), during normal operation, the control device 30 controls the driving device 27' that also functions as a blocking device to use the piston 29 to push up the blocking cover 23, and in the flow While the inlet 15 remains open, the piston 29 is driven up and down. In addition, similarly to the above-mentioned second modification, in order to generate a water flow (processed liquid flow) that flows the liquid to be processed that has flowed into the filter cartridge 11 downwards of the filter cartridge 11, the piston 29 moves up and down with a short stroke. sports. In addition, as shown in Figures 12 and 13(b), during backwashing, if the control device 30 controls the driving device 27' to lower the piston 29, the blocking cover 23 will be placed on the filter cartridge. 11 to close the inflow port 15 of the liquid to be treated. Other operations are the same as those described in the above-mentioned embodiment and the second modification, and therefore their description is omitted.

The solid-liquid separation devices 10A to 10C according to the first to third modified examples are the same as the solid-liquid separation device 10 of the embodiment. They only need to provide the blocking device 20 that can be temporarily operated, or as long as the blocking device is combined with the blocking device 20 . The driving device 27' only needs to be integrated, so backwashing can be performed at a lower cost. In addition, the water treatment system incorporating these types of solid-liquid separation devices 10A to 10C can also reduce operating costs and allow crude fibers to function as dehydration aids to further reduce operating costs.

1(1A, 1B, 1C): Water treatment system 2:Storage tank 3: Reaction tank (tank for nitrification and denitrification process) 4: Stirring layer (water tank for nitrification and denitrification process) 5A: The first nitrification and denitrification tank (the water tank for the nitrification and denitrification process) 5B: Second nitrification and denitrification tank (tank for nitrification and denitrification process) 5: Nitrification and denitrification tank (tank for nitrification and denitrification process) 6: Membrane raw water tank (water tank used for membrane separation process) 6A: First membrane raw water tank (water tank used for membrane separation process) 6B: Second membrane raw water tank (water tank used for membrane separation process) 7: Membrane separation device 8:Residual sludge pump 9: Sludge dehydration equipment (dehydration equipment) 10,10A,10B,10C: solid-liquid separation device 11:Filter cartridge 11a,11b,11c: Arc face 11d: Ear 11f:Protrusion 11e: retaining device 11h:hole 12: Bottom 12a: Barrel part 12b: Bottom surface 12c: Rotation preventer 13:Outer barrel 13a: Main cylinder surface 13b: Ring-shaped upper surface 13c: Annular lower surface 14: The liquid to be processed flows into the pipe 15: Inlet 16:Filtrate outflow pipe 17:Driving device 18:Rotation axis 19:Helical screw 20:Blocking device 21:Block valve 22:Filtrate rectifying plate 22a: Incline 22b: Lower edge 22c: Upper edge 22d: outer edge part 22e: Bearing surface 23: blocking cover 24:First sealing rubber 25:Second sealing rubber 27,27’: drive unit 28:Drive shaft 29:Piston 30:Control device 31: First pressure gauge 31a: First pressure sensor 32: Second pressure gauge 32a: Second pressure sensor 33:Flow meter Da: diameter of filter cartridge Db: Diameter of the lower edge of the slope of the filtrate rectifying plate Dc: Diameter of the upper edge of the slope of the filtrate rectifying plate Dd: The outer edge of the filtrate rectifying plate and the inner diameter of the outer cylinder De: diameter of the rotation axis Df: diameter of the central hole of the blocking cover Dg: outer diameter of blocking cover L1: The liquid level of the liquid to be treated in the filter cartridge L2: Liquid level of filtrate L3: Liquid level of water tank equipped with solid-liquid separation device P: second threshold P1: first measurement value P2: second measurement value Q: First threshold

[Fig. 1] is a schematic diagram showing an example of a water treatment system using the solid-liquid separation device according to the embodiment. 2 is a schematic diagram showing another example of a water treatment system using the solid-liquid separation device according to the embodiment. 3 is a schematic diagram showing yet another example of a water treatment system using the solid-liquid separation device according to the embodiment. [Fig. 4] is an explanatory diagram of the solid-liquid separation device according to the embodiment. Fig. 4(a) shows a state during normal operation, and Fig. 4(b) shows a state during backwashing. [Fig. 5] is a perspective view illustrating the structure of the filter cartridge. Figure 5(a) is a filter cartridge divided into two, Figure 5(b) is a filter cartridge divided into three, and Figure 5(c) is a filter cartridge divided into four. [Fig. 6] It is an explanatory diagram of the rotation preventer arranged at the lower end of the filter cartridge, Fig. 6(a) is a top view, and Fig. 6(b) is a side view. [Figure 7] is an explanatory diagram of the mechanism of backwashing. [Fig. 8] is a diagram showing one example of the filtrate straightening plate, Fig. 8(a) is a top view, and Fig. 8(b) is a perspective view cut along the rotation axis direction. [Fig. 9] is an explanatory diagram of the solid-liquid separation device according to the first modified example. Fig. 9(a) shows the state during normal operation, and Fig. 9(b) shows the state during backwashing. [Fig. 10] is an explanatory diagram of the structure of the blocking cover, Fig. 10(a) is a top view, Fig. 10(b) is a side view, and Fig. 10(c) is a side view of another example. [Fig. 11] is an explanatory diagram of the solid-liquid separation device according to the second modification, showing the state during backwashing. [Fig. 12] is an explanatory diagram of the solid-liquid separation device according to the third modification example, showing the state during backwashing. [Fig. 13] is an explanatory diagram of the status of the blocking cap and the piston of Fig. 12. Fig. 13(a) shows the status during normal operation, and Fig. 13(b) shows the status during backwashing.

10: Solid-liquid separation device

11:Filter cartridge

11f:Protrusion

11h:hole

12: Bottom

12c: Rotation preventer

13:Outer barrel

13a: Main cylinder surface

13b: Ring-shaped upper surface

13c: Annular lower surface

14: The liquid to be processed flows into the pipe

15: Inlet

16:Filtrate outflow pipe

17:Driving device

18:Rotation axis

19:Helical screw

20:Blocking device

21:Block valve

22:Filtrate rectifying plate

30:Control device

31: First pressure gauge

31a: First pressure sensor

32: Second pressure gauge

32a: Second pressure sensor

33:Flowmeter

L1: Liquid level inside

L2: Liquid level of filtrate

L3: Liquid level of water tank equipped with solid-liquid separation device

Claims (6)

A solid-liquid separation device, which is equipped with: The cylindrical filter cartridge has a central axis arranged in a nearly vertical direction and has many holes on the wall; An outer cylinder, which covers the filter cylinder from the outside in a manner that maintains a distance from the wall surface; The filtrate outflow pipe is connected to the aforementioned outer cylinder; An inlet, which supplies the liquid to be treated to the upper side and inside of the aforementioned filter cartridge; A driving device having a spiral screw or piston for pushing downward the treated liquid in the filter cartridge; and A blocking device that opens the inflow port during normal operation and closes the inflow port during backwashing; During the normal operation, the filtrate is taken out from the treated liquid through the hole to the outside of the filter cylinder and inside the outer cylinder, and then the taken out filtrate flows to the filtrate outflow pipe, and will be The liquid to be treated after the filtrate has been taken out and concentrated is discharged from the bottom of the filter cartridge, During the backwashing, the phenomenon that the liquid level of the liquid to be treated in the filter cartridge becomes lower than the liquid level of the filtrate is utilized, and the pressure generated from the outside of the filter cartridge toward the inside is used to release the pressure of the hole. clogged. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, wherein, The aforementioned filtrate outflow pipe is connected to the lower part of the aforementioned outer cylinder, Furthermore, a filtrate rectifying plate is arranged at the lower part of the outer cylinder and inside, and can rectify the filtrate and send it into the filtrate outflow pipe. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 2, wherein, The blocking device uses a blocking valve or a blocking cover to close the inflow port during backwashing. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 3, wherein, The filter cartridge is provided with a plurality of arcuate surface portions divided in the circumferential direction along the central axis, and ears protruding toward the outside of the filter cartridge are respectively arranged at both ends of the arcuate surface portion in the circumferential direction. The two adjacent arcuate portions in the circumferential direction are locked to each other by the adjacent ear portions. A plurality of U-shaped rotation preventers corresponding to the division number are arranged at the bottom of the outer cylinder, and the corresponding ears are respectively inserted into the corresponding rotation preventers to prevent the filter cartridge from being rotated as described above. The central axis is the center for rotation. The solid-liquid separation device according to claim 1, further comprising: a control device, which is when the measurement value of the flow meter provided in the filtrate outflow pipe is lower than the first threshold, or, Based on: the first measurement value of the first pressure gauge that measured the pressure inside the aforementioned filter cartridge, and the second measurement value of the second pressure gauge that measured the pressure outside the aforementioned filter cartridge and inside the aforementioned outer barrel. Measured value, when the pressure inside the filter cylinder is greater than the pressure outside the filter cylinder and the pressure inside the outer cylinder, and is greater than or equal to the second threshold, The aforementioned blocking device is controlled to perform the aforementioned backwashing. A water treatment system having: The solid-liquid separation device as described in any one of claims 1 to 5; A water tank or a plurality of water tanks connected in series, which is used to implement the nitrification and denitrification process of nitrifying and denitrifying the aforementioned liquid to be treated, that is, slag removal liquid, sewage, or sludge; A water tank or a plurality of water tanks connected in series, which is used to implement a membrane separation process of using a membrane separation device to perform membrane separation treatment on the liquid to be treated after the nitrification and denitrification; and Dehydration equipment, which is used to dewater the remaining sludge; The solid-liquid separation device is installed in any water tank among the water tanks other than the water tank in which the stored liquid to be treated is squeezed or sucked by the membrane separation device, The filtrate from the solid-liquid separation device will become the liquid to be treated stored in a water tank arranged on the downstream side of the water tank in which the solid-liquid separation device is installed, The excess sludge is transferred from the water tank provided with the solid-liquid separation device to the dehydration equipment, and the above-mentioned dehydration treatment is performed.

Images