TW202302409A - Electric motorcycle including a power motor, a gearbox, a gearshift motor, a clutch motion detector, and a controller - Google Patents

Abstract

An electric motorcycle comprises a power motor, a gearbox, a gearshift motor, a clutch motion detector, and a controller. The gearbox includes a gear set that can be driven by the power motor, a clutch for switching gears of the gear set, and an actuator for linking the clutch. The clutch motion detector detects the actuation status of the actuator and transmits a signal according to the actuation status of the actuator. The controller receives the signal from the clutch motion detector, and controls the operation of the gearshift motor to confirm whether the actuator is rotated to be positioned and to ensure smooth automatic gearshift of the electric motorcycle to avoid damage to the mechanism.

Description

electric locomotive

The invention relates to an electric carrier, in particular to an electric locomotive with a shifting function.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a general electric vehicle uses an electric motor 11 as a power source, and drives a wheel shaft or a chain through a transmission mechanism 12 . The transmission mechanism 12 includes an input gear 121 arranged at the end of the rotating shaft of the electric motor 11, an output shaft 122 spaced apart from the rotating shaft of the electric motor 11 and capable of driving a chain or a wheel shaft, and an output shaft 122 arranged on the output shaft 122 and connected to the The input gear 121 meshes with the output gear 123 . The transmission mechanism 12 has a simple structure, and the high torque of the electric motor 11 can produce the effect of excellent acceleration from a standstill. However, the gear ratio of the transmission mechanism 12 is fixed, so the gear ratio cannot be changed according to different driving habits and driving situations, and the speed range is greatly limited, which affects the driving experience.

In addition, if a locomotive with electronic shifting function pulls the cable through the shift motor to drive the rotary rod and then drives the clutch to achieve the function of up/down gears, a bracket is often used to limit the cable, and a stopper is set on the bracket to limit the rotation of the rotary rod. Rotation angle, but if the position accuracy of the stopper is not good during the assembly process, it will cause the rotation rod piece on the rotation rod to hit the bracket during the rotation process and cause deformation, and even cause the problem of the wrong position of the rotation rod . In addition, the blocking plate can only achieve the function of limiting the position. When the cable breaks, it will cause the rotary rod and the entire shifting mechanism to fail to move, and it is impossible to ensure whether the mechanism is in place when shifting gears, which will hinder the operation of the shifting mechanism. As a result, the machine parts are damaged, and even cause safety problems in driving.

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention]

Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide an electric locomotive that can ensure that the shifting is in place.

[Technical means to solve the problem]

Therefore, the electric locomotive of the present invention includes a power motor, a gearbox, a shift motor, a clutch operation detector, and a controller. The gearbox includes a gear set that can be driven by the power motor, a clutch for switching gears of the gear set, and an actuator that drives the clutch. The clutch action detector detects the actuation state of the actuating part, and sends a signal according to the actuating state of the actuating part. The controller receives the signal from the clutch actuation sensor, and controls the shift motor to actuate.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the gearbox further includes a pusher that can be pushed by the actuator to displace in its own axial direction, and a push pin that is connected to the clutch and can be pushed against by the pusher, The actuator is recessed inwardly from the outer peripheral surface to form a cam groove, and the pushing member has a protruding part protruding into the cam groove and abutting against the actuator, when the actuator rotates, it can push the protruding part , to make the pushing member move axially along itself to push the pushing pin.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the clutch has an outer disc body, an inner disc body coaxially arranged with the outer disc body, a movable disc located between the outer disc body and the inner disc body and linked with the push pin The driven disc, and a plurality of friction plates located between the inner disc body and the driven disc, the actuator can push the protruding part through rotation to drive the push pin, so that the inner disc body and the driven disc clamp the a plurality of friction plates, so that the gearbox is upshifted, or the inner disc body and the driven disc are released from the plurality of friction plates, so that the gearbox is downshifted.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the cam groove has a first position, and a second position, when the cam groove abuts against the protrusion in the first position, the gearbox is upshifted if The clutch actuation sensor detects that the cam groove abuts against the protrusion at the first position, and sends a first voltage signal to the controller when the cam groove abuts against the protrusion at the second position , the protruding part is pushed by the actuator to drive the push pin to move, so that the gearbox is downshifted. If the clutch actuation sensor detects that the cam groove abuts against the protruding part in the second position, a The second voltage signal is sent to the controller.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the actuator has a shaft portion defining the cam groove, and a positioning protrusion disposed on the shaft portion, and the clutch actuation sensor has a main body, a pivot A rotating part arranged in the main body part, and a sensing part arranged in the main body part, the rotating part is recessed to form a positioning groove for the positioning convex part to be inserted into, and the sensing part can detect the relative position of the rotating part The angular position of the main body transmits the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the electric locomotive further includes a bracket fixed on the gearbox and extending along the height direction, and the bracket is used for setting the clutch actuation sensor.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the clutch actuation sensor is located above the actuating member.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the clutch actuation sensor is located below the actuating member.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the clutch actuation sensor is located at the side of the actuating member.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the gear shift motor drives the actuator to rotate through a cable or a connecting rod.

[Effects of the present invention]

The effect of the present invention is that the clutch actuation sensor can detect the actuating state of the actuating member to confirm whether the actuating member is rotated to the position, and when it is detected that the actuating member is not in place, the controller will control the shifting The motor is actuated so that the shift motor drives the actuator to continue to rotate until it is in place, so as to reliably link the clutch and switch the gear set to the correct gear position, so as to ensure that the electric locomotive can automatically shift gears in place, avoiding parts loss.

In some embodiments of the present invention, its effect is that when the actuator rotates, the pushing member can be driven to push or not push the push pin along its own axial direction through the cam groove, and then control the clutch clutch, so that the The electric locomotive can be switched up and down between the first gear and the second gear.

In some embodiments of the present invention, its effect is that when the protrusion abuts against the first position of the cam groove, the push member does not push the push pin, so that the inner disk is pushed by the spring to be close to the slave. The driven disc, so that the plurality of friction plates are clamped with the driven disc, and the plurality of friction plates are in a pressed state to make the gear set upshift to the second gear. When the protrusion abuts against the second gear of the cam groove position, the pushing member pushes the push pin, so that the driven disc is pushed away from the inner disc body and leans against the outer disc body, so that the friction plates are no longer clamped, and the friction plates are loosened. state to downshift the gear set to first gear.

In some embodiments of the present invention, its effect is that the clutch actuation sensor can judge the gear position according to whether the protrusion abuts against the first position or the second position of the cam groove, and send out a first voltage respectively signal and the second voltage signal to the controller, and when the corresponding voltage signal is not received, the controller will control the shift motor to rotate the actuator to a certain position.

In some embodiments of the present invention, its effect is that the actuator drives the rotating part of the clutch actuation sensor to rotate through the positioning protrusion, and the sensing part thereby judges the angular position of the actuator to confirm Whether the actuator abuts against the protruding part at the first position or the second position.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the effect is that the bracket can be fixedly installed on the casing of the gearbox through a screw lock, which is easy to disassemble and can be quickly replaced as required.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the effect is that the design of the clutch actuation sensor located above the actuating member can avoid interfering with or changing the oil circuit design of the gearbox, so as to reduce the complexity of mechanism design.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the effect is that the clutch actuation sensor is located above or beside the actuating member, which can avoid interference with the upper storage box and reduce the complexity of configuration.

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and Fig. 4, it is an embodiment of the electric locomotive of the present invention, comprising a power motor 2, a gearbox 3 driven by the power motor 2, a shift gear for driving the gearbox 3 function of the shift motor 4, a bracket 5 fixed on the side of the gearbox 3 and extending along the height direction, a signal connected to the controller 6 of the shift motor 4, and a signal connected to the bracket 5 and connected to the Clutch actuation sensor 7 of controller 6 . In this embodiment, the power motor 2, the casing of the gearbox 3, and the gear shift motor 4 are all fixed on the frame of the electric locomotive directly or through a fixed frame, but their configuration and fixing methods are not the same as in this embodiment. The important points of the embodiment are therefore not shown in the figure and will not be described here.

3 and 5, the gearbox 3 includes a power input shaft 31 connected to the power motor 2 at one end and extending along the left and right directions of the vehicle body, a power output shaft 32 parallel to the power input shaft 31 along the front and rear directions of the vehicle body, A gear set 33 arranged on the power input shaft 31 and the power output shaft 32, a clutch 34 arranged on the power input shaft 31, and a clutch 34 arranged on the power input shaft 31 along the left and right directions without connecting the power motor 2 An actuator 35 on one side, a pushing member 36 that is slidably inserted in the power input shaft 31 and leans against the actuator 35, and a pusher 36 that is linked to the clutch 34 and is slidably arranged on the power input shaft 31. The push pin 37 in the shaft 31 and a one-way clutch 38 arranged on the power output shaft 32 .

The gear set 33 has a first gear input gear 331 fixed on the power input shaft 31, a second gear input gear 332 rotatably arranged on the power input shaft 31 relative to the power input shaft 31, and a second gear input gear 332 arranged on the power input shaft 31. A first gear output gear 333 on the one-way clutch 38 and meshed with the first gear input gear 331, and a second gear output gear 334 fixed on the power output shaft 32 and meshed with the second gear input gear 332 . The one-way clutch 38 is a one-way bearing, which enables the first-speed output gear 333 to rotate relative to the power output shaft 32 when a speed difference occurs between the power output shaft 32 and the first-speed output gear 333, that is, The power output shaft 32 no longer drives the first gear output gear 333 . The clutch 34 has an outer disc body 341 fixed on the power input shaft 31 and fixedly connected to the second gear input gear 332, an outer disc body 341 fixed on the power input shaft 31 and located along the left and right directions on the outer disc body 341 and the actuating clutch 34. The inner disc body 342 between the parts 35, a driven disc 343 that can move left and right is arranged on the power input shaft 31 and is located between the outer disc body 341 and the inner disc body 342, and a plurality of driven discs 343 are arranged on the power input shaft 31 and the friction plate 344 between the inner disc body 342 and the driven disc 343 . The clutch 34 is pushed by a plurality of springs 345 sleeved on the driven disc 343, so that the driven disc 343 and the inner disc body 342 are close to each other, thereby clamping the plurality of friction plates 344 (in actual configuration, the A plurality of pressure plates 346 are arranged between the plurality of friction plates 344 and overlapped with the plurality of friction plates 344 and connected to the outer disc body 341 ). The driven plate 343 is linked with the pushing pin 37 , and both can slide on the power input shaft 31 together.

Referring to Fig. 5, Fig. 6, and Fig. 7, the actuator 35 has a shaft part 351 which can rotate relative to the casing of the gearbox 3, a shaft part 351 pierced by the shaft part 351 and a diameter along the shaft part 351. An operating portion 352 extending in the direction, and a positioning protrusion 353 protruding upward from the top of the shaft portion 351 and having a rectangular cross section. The shaft portion 351 is recessed from the outer peripheral surface to form a cam groove 354 . The cam groove 354 has a first position A and a second position B located at the end of the cam groove 354 . The push member 36 is located between the actuator 35 and the push pin 37 along the left-right direction, and has a protruding portion 361 protruding into the cam groove 354 and leaning against the actuator 35 . Since the pushing member 36 is inserted into the power input shaft 31 , its degree of freedom is restricted and can only move along the axial direction of the power input shaft 31 (also its own axial direction). In this embodiment, when the protruding part 361 is fully extended in the cam groove 354, the protruding part 361 is against the first position A, and when the actuator 35 rotates, the protruding part 361 is pushed out of the cam groove 354. When the cam groove 354 is outside, the protruding portion 361 abuts against the second position B.

Referring again to Fig. 2, Fig. 4, and Fig. 8, the shift motor 4 is arranged on the top of the gearbox 3, and the operating part 352 can be linked through a steel cable or a connecting rod, thereby driving the moving part 35 with its own axis as the center. The shaft spins. The clutch actuation sensor 7 includes a main body portion 71 fixed on the bracket 5 and positioned above the actuator 35, a rotating portion 72 pivotally arranged in the main body portion 71, and a main body portion 71 disposed in the main body portion 71. The sensing part 73. The rotating part 72 is recessed upwards from the bottom to form a positioning groove 721 for inserting the positioning protrusion 353. Since the positioning groove 721 is in a non-circular shape, the positioning protrusion 353 can drive the rotation through the positioning groove 721 when rotating. The part 72 rotates, and the sensing part 73 can detect the angular position of the rotating part 72 relative to the main part 71 and transmit a voltage signal.

The actuation mode of this embodiment is described below: Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and Fig. 5, when the protrusion 361 abuts against the first position A as shown in Fig. 5, the protrusion 361 approaches the actuator 35 and Do not push the push pin 37, the spring 345 on the driven disc 343 will impel the driven disc 343 and the inner disc body 342 to approach each other to clamp the friction plates 344 (and the plurality of pressing plates 346), so When the power input shaft 31 rotates, it will drive the outer disc body 341 to rotate, thereby causing the second gear input gear 332 to rotate. The second gear input gear 332 will drive the meshed second gear output gear 334 to rotate, thereby driving the power output shaft 32 to rotate. The speed difference makes the first gear output gear 333 no longer driven by the power output shaft 32, so as to prevent the gears from being damaged due to the speed difference, or even unable to operate normally. After the above-mentioned actions are completed, the gearbox 3 completes the upshift. At this time, the gear set 33 is said to be upshifted to the second gear, and the clutch actuation sensor 7 will detect that the actuator 35 is in the aforementioned second gear position. And thereby send a first voltage signal (2V in this embodiment) to the controller 6, thereby confirming that the actuator 35 is in place. If the user switches to the second gear through operation, but the controller 6 does not receive the first voltage signal, the controller 6 will control the shift motor 4 so that it continues to drive the actuator 35 to rotate until The clutch actuation sensor 7 detects that the actuating member 35 rotates to the correct position (that is, pushes against the protruding portion 361 with the first position A) and transmits the first voltage signal.

Referring to Fig. 2, Fig. 3, and Fig. 9, when the user switches the gear position to the first gear, the shift motor 4 will control the rotation of the actuator 35 until the second position B as shown in Fig. 9 is close to The protruding part 361, the aforementioned process will make the pushing member 36 pushed by the actuator 35 to move along its own axial direction, and push the pushing pin 37 to move towards the direction of the power motor 2, because the pushing pin 37 can Drive the driven disc 343, so the driven disc 343 will also move together with the push pin 37, which will make the driven disc 343 away from the inner disc body 342 and approach the outer disc body 341, thereby compressing the driven disc 343 The spring 345 on the top does not clamp the plurality of friction plates 344 (and the plurality of pressure plates 346), and the power input shaft 31 will no longer be clamped after the plurality of friction plates 344 (and the plurality of pressure plates 346) are loosened. Drive the outer disc body 341 to rotate, so the second gear input gear 332 connected with the outer disc body 341 will not be driven, only the first gear input gear 331 will be driven to rotate, because there is no speed difference now, so The one-way clutch 38 does not produce a clutch effect, that is, the first gear input gear 331 can drive the first gear output gear 333 to rotate, and then drive the power output shaft 32 . After the above actions are completed, the gearbox 3 completes the downshift. At this time, the gear set 33 is said to be downshifted to the first gear, and the clutch actuation sensor 7 will detect that the actuator 35 is in the aforementioned first gear position. And thus send a second voltage signal (2.7V in this embodiment) to the controller 6, thereby confirming that the actuator 35 is in place. If the user switches to the first gear through operation, but the controller 6 does not receive the second voltage signal, the controller 6 will control the shift motor 4 to continue to drive the actuator 35 to rotate until The clutch actuation sensor 7 detects that the actuator 35 rotates to the correct position (that is, pushes against the protruding portion 361 with the second position B) and transmits the second voltage signal.

Through the above-mentioned mechanism, the present invention can detect whether the actuator 35 is turned to the correct position at any time, so as to ensure that the gear shifted by the user is correct, and avoid the problems of wear or transmission abnormality during operation due to the lack of mechanical parts. Referring to Fig. 3, Fig. 8, and Fig. 10, it should be noted that the gearbox 3 is usually provided with a lubricating oil circuit, and the clutch actuation sensor 7 is located between the actuating member 35 as shown in Fig. 3 The upper setting method can avoid interference with the lubricating oil circuit, thereby reducing the complexity of the design of the mechanism configuration. On the other hand, the clutch 34 actuation detector can also be arranged on the bottom (or side) of the actuating member 35 as shown in FIG. To increase the space of the storage box C, when the clutch actuation sensor 7 is located on the side of the actuator 35, the positioning protrusion 353 can be changed to protrude from the outer peripheral surface of the actuator 35 in the radial direction, and the The rotating part 72 and the positioning groove 721 of the clutch actuation sensor 7 are changed into two buttons protruding in the same direction. When the positioning convex part 353 touches different buttons, it means that the gear has been switched to the first gear or the second gear. , and trigger the first voltage signal or the second voltage signal. The above configuration methods can be selected according to other requirements of the electric locomotive, so as to improve the flexibility and versatility of the design.

To sum up, the electric motorcycle of the present invention can ensure that when the user switches between the first gear and the second gear, the actuator 35 can rotate to the correct position, so that the gear set 33 can be switched to the correct gear position, and the power of the machine parts can be avoided. The failure or loss of the transmission can improve the riding experience and safety, so the purpose of the present invention can be really achieved.

But what is described above is only an embodiment of the present invention, and should not limit the scope of the present invention. All simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the content of the patent specification are still within the scope of the present invention. Within the scope covered by the patent of the present invention.

2: Power motor 3: gearbox 31: Power input shaft 32: PTO shaft 33: gear set 331: first gear input gear 332: second gear input gear 333: first gear output gear 334: second gear output gear 34: Clutch 341: Outer disc body 342: Inner disc body 343: driven plate 344: friction plate 345: spring 346: pressure plate 35:Actuator 351: shaft part 352: Operation Department 353: positioning convex part 354: cam groove 36: Push piece 361: protrusion 37: Sales 38: One-way clutch 4: Shift motor 5: Bracket 6: Controller 7: Clutch actuation sensor 71: Main body 72: Rotating part 721: positioning slot 73: Sensing part A: the first position B: second position C: storage box

Other features and effects of the present invention will be clearly presented in the implementation manner with reference to the drawings, wherein: FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating a transmission mechanism of a conventional electric vehicle; Fig. 2 is a plan view, illustrates one embodiment of electric locomotive of the present invention; Fig. 3 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the internal component configuration of one of the gearboxes of this embodiment; Fig. 4 is an incomplete three-dimensional view, illustrating the three-dimensional appearance of Fig. 2; Fig. 5 is a top sectional view illustrating the state when the embodiment is switched to the second gear; Fig. 6 is a perspective view illustrating one actuator of this embodiment; Fig. 7 is a partial cross-sectional view illustrating the cross-sectional appearance of the actuator; Fig. 8 is an incomplete perspective view illustrating the actuator and a clutch actuation sensor cooperating with it; Fig. 9 is a top sectional view illustrating the state when the embodiment is switched to the first gear; and Fig. 10 is a partial sectional view illustrating another aspect of the embodiment.

2: Power motor

3: gearbox

31: Power input shaft

33: gear set

331: first gear input gear

332: second gear input gear

34: Clutch

341: Outer disc body

342: Inner disc body

343: driven plate

344: friction plate

345: spring

346: pressure plate

35:Actuator

354: cam groove

36: Push piece

361: protrusion

37: Sales

38: One-way clutch

5: Bracket

6: Controller

7: Clutch actuation sensor

A: the first position

Claims (10)

An electric locomotive comprising: a power motor; A gearbox, including a gear set that can be driven by the power motor, a clutch for switching gears of the gear set, and an actuator that drives the clutch; a shift motor, operable to drive the actuator; a clutch actuation sensor, which detects the actuation state of the actuation member and transmits a signal according to the actuation state of the actuation member; and A controller receives the signal from the clutch actuation sensor and controls the shift motor to actuate. The electric locomotive as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gearbox further includes a pusher that can be pushed by the actuator to displace in its own axial direction, and a pusher that is connected to the clutch and can be pushed against by the pusher The pushing pin, the actuator is recessed inwardly from the outer peripheral surface to form a cam groove, the pushing member has a protruding part that protrudes into the cam groove and abuts against the actuator, when the actuator rotates, it can push The protruding portion makes the pushing member move axially to push the pushing pin. The electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the clutch has an outer disc body, an inner disc body coaxially arranged with the outer disc body, an inner disc body movably located between the outer disc body and the inner disc body and connected to the A driven disc interlocked with the push pin, and a plurality of friction plates located between the inner disc body and the driven disc, the actuator can push the protrusion through rotation to drive the push pin, so that the inner disc body and the driven disc The multiple friction plates are clamped, so that the gearbox is upshifted, or the inner disk body and the driven disk are released from the multiple friction plates, so that the gearbox is downshifted. The electric vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the cam groove has a first position and a second position, and when the cam groove abuts against the protrusion at the first position, the gearbox is lifted gear, if the clutch actuation sensor detects that the cam groove abuts against the protrusion with the first position, a first voltage signal is sent to the controller, and when the cam groove abuts with the second position When the protruding part is pushed, the protruding part is pushed by the actuator to drive the push pin to move, so that the gearbox is downshifted. If the clutch actuation sensor detects that the cam groove abuts against the protruding part in the second position , sending a second voltage signal to the controller. The electric vehicle according to claim 4, wherein the actuating member has a shaft portion defining the cam groove, and a positioning protrusion provided on the shaft portion, and the clutch actuation sensor has a main body portion , a rotating part pivotally arranged in the main body part, and a sensing part arranged in the main body part, the rotating part is recessed to form a positioning groove for inserting the positioning convex part, and the sensing part can detect the rotation The first voltage signal and the second voltage signal are transmitted according to the angular position of the portion relative to the main body portion. The electric locomotive according to claim 1 further includes a bracket fixed on the gearbox and extending along the height direction, the bracket is used for setting the clutch actuation sensor. The electric locomotive according to claim 5, wherein the clutch actuation sensor is located above the actuating member. The electric vehicle as claimed in claim 5, wherein the clutch actuation sensor is located below the actuation member. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the clutch actuation sensor is located at the side of the actuating member. The electric locomotive according to claim 1, wherein the shift motor drives the actuator to rotate through a cable or a connecting rod.

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