TW202248580A - Stirling freezer - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a Stirling freezer, which comprises a cabinet, at least one power unit, a pipeline and a plurality of Stirling refrigeration components. The cabinet has a refrigerating space, a cold head space and a hot space, an air inlet and an air outlet are provided between the refrigerating space and the cold head space, and a heat insulation layer is provided between the cold head space and the hot space. The power unit is connected to the pipeline, and each Stirling refrigeration component has a pipe and a passive displacer. The passive displacer is reciprocally arranged in the pipe to divide the pipe into a cold head and a hot part, the cold head is located in the cold head space, the hot part is located in the hot space, and the hot part is connected to the pipeline. A compressed air is formed by the power unit, and the compressed air flows to the hot space through the pipeline, and then flows to the cold head by the passive displacer, so that the cold head absorbs the heat energy of the cold head space, and a low-temperature environment is formed in the cold head space. The air in the refrigerating space enters the cold head space through the air inlet, and flows back to the refrigerating space through the air outlet, so that the refrigerating space also forms a low-temperature environment.

Description

Stirling freezer

The invention relates to a Stirling freezer, in particular to a freezer cooled by cold heads of multiple Stirling refrigeration assemblies.

Invention Patent No. 527481 of the Republic of China discloses a Stirling refrigerator refrigeration system and cooling device. A ring-shaped jacket is installed in the warm area of the Stirling refrigerator, and a cylindrical heat exchange for heat dissipation is installed at intervals around the Stirling refrigerator body. device. The jacket and the heat exchanger for heat dissipation are connected by piping to form a closed circuit, and the refrigerant circulates in the closed circuit. In this way, the heat in the warm area can be transported by the refrigerant, and the heat can be effectively dissipated from the heat exchanger for heat dissipation, so the required cooling capacity can be stably obtained from the cold area of the Stirling refrigerator. However, there is only one cold zone in this case, and the heat exchange area and heat transfer rate are too small; and this case uses refrigerant to transfer in the circuit for heat exchange, which often causes coldness loss in the circuit. If the heat insulation effect is poor, Will further reduce freezing performance.

The Republic of China invention patent No. I539125 "Stirling heating and cooling machine" discloses a Stirling heating and cooling machine, including: a Stirling engine and at least one cooling assembly, wherein the Stirling engine includes a cylinder and a piston The cylinder is separated by a first porous material to define a first working space and a second working space, and the refrigeration unit is separated by a second porous material to define a third working space and a fourth working space , the second working space and the third working space are separated by the piston, so as to avoid mutual interference and mixing of the first working gas in the operation of the Stirling engine and the second working gas of the refrigeration component, thereby improving the efficiency of the equipment efficacy. The first figure of the patent discloses a structure in which a Stirling engine drives a refrigeration component, and the cooling part of the refrigeration component can absorb the heat energy of the environment, thereby lowering the temperature of the environment to achieve a cooling effect; at the same time, Figure 11 of the patent discloses a structure in which a Stirling engine drives multiple refrigeration components, and a better heat exchange area and heat transfer rate can be obtained through multiple refrigeration components. However, the multiple cooling components in this case are powered by a Stirling engine, and the cooling speed is limited. It takes a long time to drop to the working temperature in an extremely low temperature environment, so it is not suitable for those who need rapid cooling, and every consistent The distance between the cold components and the Stirling engine is different, resulting in a phase difference between the displacers of each cooling component during the movement (the displacement stroke is different, for example, in the same cycle, the farther away from the cooling component of the Stirling engine The displacement stroke of the displacer is shorter), so the phase difference of the refrigeration components farther away is more obvious, which will lead to the cooling effect of the refrigeration components farther away. Moreover, multiple cooling components are arranged in a straight line, and there is no pressure drop control technology between the Stirling engine and the pipelines of the multiple cooling components, so that the above-mentioned phase difference cannot be adjusted. In addition, the case can only rely on high temperature to drive the Stirling engine, which is not suitable for environments lacking high temperature heat sources.

In order to solve the foregoing deficiency, the present invention proposes a Stirling freezer, comprising:

A cabinet with a refrigerated space, a cold head space and a hot part space, wherein an air inlet and an air outlet are provided between the refrigerated space and the cold head space, and an air inlet and an air outlet are provided between the cold head space and the hot part space Features a thermal insulation layer. At least one power unit includes a cylinder and a piston. A pipeline is connected with the cylinder. A plurality of Stirling refrigeration components, each Stirling refrigeration component comprises a tube and a passive displacer, the passive displacer can be reciprocally arranged in the tube to partition the tube into a cold head and a heat part, the cold head is located in the cold head space, the heat part is located in the heat part space, and the heat part is connected to the pipeline.

The piston compresses the air in the cylinder to form a compressed air, the compressed air flows to the hot part through the pipeline, and the compressed air flows to the cold head through the passive displacer, so that the The cold head absorbs the heat energy of the cold head space, so that the cold head space forms a low-temperature environment, the air in the refrigerated space enters the cold head space through the air inlet, and flows back to the refrigerated space from the air outlet, making the cold head space The refrigerated space also forms a low-temperature environment.

Further, the air inlet is provided with an air inlet fan.

Further, the air outlet is provided with an air outlet fan.

Further, at least one piezoresistive unit is provided on the pipeline, and the piezoresistive unit is selectively arranged between the Stirling refrigeration assembly and the cylinder. When the compressed air passes through the piezoresistive unit, the compressed air The pressure of the air is changed, thereby changing the moving stroke of the passive displacer, and the phase difference of the moving stroke between different displacers. Therefore, by regulating the pressure drop of the compressed air passing through the piezoresistive unit, it is possible to control The coldness of the cold head of different Stirling cooling components. Furthermore, the piezoresistive unit is one of the following: a valve element and a multi-porous element. Preferably, the valve element is one of the following: a constant temperature expansion valve, a constant pressure expansion valve or a constant flow expansion valve.

Further, the pipeline is provided with at least one pipe diameter changing part, and the pipe diameter changing part is selectively arranged between the Stirling refrigeration assembly and the cylinder, when the compressed air passes through the pipe diameter changing part, The pressure of the compressed air is changed, thereby changing the moving stroke of the passive displacer, and the phase difference of the moving stroke between different displacers, so by controlling the pipe diameter of the pipe diameter changing part, the pipe diameter can be adjusted. The pressure drop of the compressed air passing through the changing part of the pipe diameter can control the coldness of the cold heads of different Stirling refrigeration components.

Further, the arrangement of the cold heads of the Stirling refrigeration assembly is one of the following: single linear, multi-linear, radial, single-ring, multi-ring or a combination of any two of the above.

Further, the cold head space and the refrigerated space are arranged in horizontal, vertical, staggered or any combination of the above-mentioned types.

Further, the power unit is a Stirling engine; or, the power unit includes an electric motor connected to the piston.

Further, the sizes of the cold heads of the Stirling refrigeration components are different.

The following effects can be achieved through the above technical features:

1. The freezer of the present invention uses multiple Stirling refrigeration components and has multiple cold heads, so the heat exchange area is large, the heat transfer rate is good, and the effect of cold storage is better.

2. The cold head space and the refrigerated space in the cabinet of the present invention can maintain the coldness of the refrigerated space by using the intake fan and the air outlet fan to assist the cold air circulation, and do not use the setting of the refrigerant circuit, which can reduce the loss of coldness, so that The cooling effect of the refrigerated space of the cabinet is better.

3. The arrangement of the cold heads of the Stirling refrigeration assembly of the present invention can flexibly adopt a single linear type, multi-linear type, radial type, single-ring type, multi-ring type or a combination of any of the above-mentioned arrangements, and the power unit can be Optionally set at the center of multiple cold heads, and multiple power units can also be configured. When multiple power units are used, the cooling capacity can be improved to quickly drop to the required temperature, which can be applied to special cold chains (such as vaccine transportation ).

4. The cold head space and refrigerated space of the cabinet body of the present invention can be arranged in horizontal, vertical, staggered or any combination of the above-mentioned compartments according to requirements.

5. The pipeline between the power unit of the present invention and a plurality of Stirling refrigeration components is provided with a piezoresistive unit or a pipe diameter changing part, and each piezoresistive unit or pipe diameter changing part is adjusted to belong to the Stirling. The fluid pressure of the cold component enables the passive displacer of each Stirling cooling component to have a controllable movement stroke, so that each Stirling cooling component has a controllable cooling effect. For example, it is possible to control the moving strokes of the passive displacers of each Stirling refrigeration unit to be consistent, so that each Stirling refrigeration unit has a consistent cooling effect; or further, the refrigeration space can be separated from general refrigeration and Freezing and refrigeration can be set to different cooling effects.

6. The power unit of the present invention can use an electric motor to drive the piston, thereby overcoming the disadvantage of requiring a high-temperature heat source to operate.

Based on the above technical features, the main functions of the Stirling freezer of the present invention will be clearly presented in the following embodiments.

Referring to shown in the first figure, the Stirling freezer of the present embodiment comprises:

A cabinet 1 has a refrigerated space 11, a cold head space 12 and a hot part space 13, wherein the refrigerated space 11 and the cold head space 12 are vertically adjacent to each other, and the refrigerated space 11 and the cold head space 12 are vertically adjacent to each other. An air inlet 14 and an air outlet 15 are arranged between the cold head space 12, and an air inlet fan 16 is set at the air inlet 14, and an air outlet fan 17 is set at the air outlet 14; A heat insulating layer 18 is disposed between the heat part spaces 13 . At least one power unit 2 includes a cylinder 21 and a piston 22, wherein the power unit 2 can use a Stirling engine, but in this embodiment, the power unit 2 uses an electric motor 23 to drive the piston 22, thereby It does not need a hot end to drive a heat engine, and can be applied to various usage environments. A pipeline 3 is connected to the cylinder 21 . A plurality of Stirling refrigeration assemblies 4, each Stirling refrigeration assembly 4 all comprises a pipe fitting 41 and a passive displacer 42, and the passive displacer 42 can be reciprocally arranged in the pipe fitting 41 to make the pipe fitting 41 is divided into a cold head 411 and a hot part 412, the cold head 411 is located in the cold head space 12, the hot part 412 is located in the hot part space 13, and the hot part 412 is connected to the pipeline 3. A plurality of piezoresistive units 5 are arranged on the pipeline 3, and are selectively arranged between the Stirling refrigeration assembly 4 and the cylinder 21. In this embodiment, each Stirling refrigeration assembly The piezoresistive unit 5 is arranged between the component 4 and the cylinder 21, and the piezoresistive unit 5 can use, for example, a valve element or a porous element, and the valve element can use, for example, a constant temperature expansion valve, a constant pressure expansion valve Or constant flow expansion valve.

The piston 22 is driven by the electric motor 23 to compress the air in the cylinder 21 to form a compressed air, which flows through the pipeline 3 to the hot part 412 and then flows through the passive displacer 42 to the cold head 411, so that the cold head 411 absorbs the heat energy of the cold head space 12, and forms a low-temperature environment in the cold head space 12, and the air in the cold storage space 11 enters the cold head through the air inlet 14. The head space 12 is cooled, and then flows back to the refrigerated space 11 through the air outlet 15, so that the refrigerated space 15 also forms a low-temperature environment, wherein the intake fan 16 and the air outlet fan 17 can be activated to make the cold head The space 12 and the refrigerated space 11 use the intake fan 16 and the outlet fan 17 to assist the circulation of cold air to maintain the coldness of the refrigerated space 11. The compressed air expands after the cold head 411 absorbs heat energy and heats up through the cold head 411. Passed displacer 42, return to described hot part 412 and cylinder 21, form complete thermodynamic cycle, and because this cold head space 12 is adjacent to this hot part space 13, so between this cold head space 12 and this hot part The heat insulating layer 18 is arranged between the spaces 13 . The embodiment of the present invention does not use the setting of the refrigerant circuit, which can reduce the loss of coldness, so that the cooling effect of the refrigerated space 11 of the cabinet 1 is better, and the embodiment of the present invention uses a plurality of Stirling refrigeration components 4 However, there are multiple cold heads 411, so the heat exchange area is large, the heat transfer rate is good, and the effect of cold storage is better.

When the above-mentioned compressed air enters the pipe fitting 41 of each Stirling refrigeration assembly 4, the pressure drop can be adjusted through the piezoresistive unit 5 between each Stirling refrigeration assembly 4 and the cylinder 21, so that the above-mentioned compressed air When entering the hot portion 412 of the tube 41 of each Stirling refrigeration unit 4, there is substantially the same pressure, so that the passive displacer 42 of each Stirling refrigeration unit 4 has a movement that tends to be consistent It has a consistent and more uniform cooling effect. Or, it is also possible to adjust different pressure drops through the piezoresistive unit 5 according to different refrigeration requirements, so that the cold heads 411 of the tubes 41 of each Stirling refrigeration assembly 4 have different refrigeration effects, for example, Further, the refrigerated space 11 is divided into general refrigerated and refrigerated and refrigerated to provide different refrigerated effects; that is, the passive displacer 42 of each Stirling refrigeration unit 4 in this embodiment can have controllable movement stroke, so that the cold head 411 of each Stirling refrigeration component has a controllable cooling effect.

Referring to the second figure to the fifth figure, the cold heads 411 of the above-mentioned Stirling refrigeration assembly 4 can be arranged according to different cooling requirements (such as the size, compartment, and shape of the cooling space), such as the second The single linear type shown in the figure, the multi-line type shown in the third figure, the radial type shown in the fourth figure, the multi-ring type shown in the fifth figure (also can be a single ring type), or arbitrarily arranged . Wherein, as shown in the third figure, the above-mentioned power unit 2 can be arranged in multiples according to the demand, or as shown in the fourth and fifth figures, the above-mentioned power unit 2 can be arranged at the center of a plurality of Stirling refrigeration assemblies 4 .

Referring to the sixth figure, in addition to using the above-mentioned piezoresistive unit 5 to adjust the pressure drop of the above-mentioned Stirling refrigeration assembly 4, the pipeline 3 may also be provided with at least one pipe diameter changing portion 31A, 31B, 31C, 31D, when the compressed air passes through the pipe diameter changing parts 31A, 31B, 31C, 31D, the pressure of the compressed air is changed, thereby adjusting the pressure drop of the above-mentioned Stirling refrigeration assembly 4 to change each The phase difference between the moving strokes by the passive displacer 42 can control the cooling effect of the above-mentioned Stirling refrigeration assembly 4 .

Referring to the seventh figure, according to the different places used, the refrigerated space 11 and the cold head space 12 of the cabinet 1 can be arranged vertically in addition to being arranged horizontally. Or, as shown in the eighth figure, the refrigerated space 11 and the cold head space 12 of the cabinet body 1 can also be arranged in a staggered manner.

Referring to Figure 9, in the Stirling freezer of this embodiment, the cold heads 411A, 411B, 411C, and 411D of the Stirling refrigeration components may have different sizes. Therefore, cold heads 411A, 411B, 411C, and 411D of different sizes can be selected according to the size of the cooling space. For example, when the cooling space is large, a larger size cold head 411C can be selected, and when the cooling space is small, a smaller size can be selected. Dimensions of the cold head 411A.

Based on the description of the above-mentioned embodiments, it is possible to fully understand the operation of the present invention, use and the effect that the present invention produces, but the above-mentioned embodiments are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the implementation of the present invention. The scope, that is, the simple equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present invention and the content of the description of the invention, all fall within the scope of the present invention.

1: Cabinet 11: Refrigerated space 12: Cold head space 13:Hot space 14: air inlet 15: Air outlet 16:Intake fan 17:Exhaust fan 18: Insulation layer 2: Power unit 21: Cylinder 22: Piston 23: Electric motor 3: pipeline 31A: Diameter changing part 31B: Diameter change part 31C: Pipe diameter change department 31D: pipe diameter change part 4: Stirling refrigeration components 41: pipe fittings 411: cold head 412: heat department 42:Passive displacer 5: piezoresistive unit 411A: cold head 411B: cold head 411C: cold head 411D: cold head

[The first picture] is a schematic diagram of the structure of the Sterling freezer of the present invention, wherein the cold head space and the refrigerated space of the cabinet are arranged horizontally.

[The second figure] is a schematic diagram of the Stirling refrigeration components of the Stirling freezer of the present invention arranged in a single line.

[The third figure] is a schematic diagram of the Stirling refrigerating components of the Stirling freezer of the present invention arranged in a multi-linear manner.

[Figure 4] is a schematic diagram of the radial arrangement of the Stirling refrigeration components of the Stirling freezer of the present invention.

[Fig. 5] is a schematic diagram of the multi-ring arrangement of the Stirling refrigeration components of the Stirling freezer of the present invention.

[Figure 6] is a schematic diagram of the pipeline between each Stirling refrigeration assembly and the cylinder in the Stirling freezer of the present invention provided with a pipe diameter changing portion.

[Fig. 7] is a schematic diagram of the vertical arrangement of the cold head space and the refrigerating space of the cabinet in the Stirling freezer of the present invention.

[Figure 8] is a schematic diagram of the Stirling freezer of the present invention, where the cold head space and the refrigerated space of the cabinet are arranged in a staggered manner.

[Figure 9] is a schematic diagram of different sizes of cold heads of Stirling refrigeration components in the Stirling freezer of the present invention.

1: Cabinet

11: Refrigerated space

12: Cold head space

13:Hot space

14: air inlet

15: Air outlet

16:Intake fan

17:Exhaust fan

18: Insulation layer

2: Power unit

21: Cylinder

22: Piston

23: Electric motor

3: pipeline

4: Stirling refrigeration components

41: pipe fittings

411: cold head

412: heat department

42:Passive displacer

5: piezoresistive unit

Claims (10)

A Stirling freezer comprising: A cabinet, a refrigerated space, a cold head space and a hot part space, an air inlet and an air outlet are provided between the refrigerated space and the cold head space, and an air inlet and an air outlet are provided between the cold head space and the hot part space. has a thermal insulation layer; at least one power unit including a cylinder and a piston; a pipeline connected to the cylinder; A plurality of Stirling refrigeration components, each Stirling refrigeration component comprises a tube and a passive displacer, the passive displacer can be reciprocally arranged in the tube to partition the tube into a cold head and a hot part, the cold head is located in the cold head space, the hot part is located in the hot part space, and the hot part is connected to the pipeline; The piston compresses the air in the cylinder to form a compressed air, the compressed air flows to the hot part through the pipeline, and the compressed air flows to the cold head through the passive displacer, so that the The cold head absorbs the heat energy of the cold head space to form a low-temperature environment in the cold head space, and the air in the refrigerated space enters the cold head space through the air inlet to be cooled, and flows back to the refrigerated space through the air outlet. space, so that the refrigerated space also forms a low-temperature environment. The Stirling freezer as described in Claim 1, wherein, the air inlet is provided with an air intake fan, or/and the air outlet is provided with an air outlet fan. The Stirling freezer according to claim 1, wherein at least one piezoresistive unit is provided on the pipeline, and the piezoresistive unit is selectively arranged between the Stirling refrigeration assembly and the cylinder, When the compressed air passes through the piezoresistive unit, the pressure of the compressed air is changed, thereby changing the moving stroke of the passive displacer and the phase difference of the moving stroke between different displacers. The Stirling freezer as described in claim 3, wherein the piezoresistive unit is one of the following: a valve element, a multi-porous element. The Stirling freezer as described in Claim 4, wherein the valve part is one of the following: a constant temperature expansion valve, a constant pressure expansion valve or a constant flow expansion valve. The Stirling freezer according to Claim 1, wherein at least one pipe diameter changing part is provided on the pipeline, and the pipe diameter changing part is selectively arranged between the Stirling refrigeration assembly and the cylinder During this time, when the compressed air passes through the pipe diameter changing part, the pressure of the compressed air is changed, thereby changing the moving stroke of the passive displacer and the phase difference of the moving stroke between different displacers. The Stirling freezer as described in claim 1, wherein the arrangement of the cold heads of the Stirling refrigeration assembly is one of the following: single linear, multi-linear, radial, single ring, Polycyclic or a combination of any two of the above formulas. The Stirling freezer as described in Claim 1, wherein the cold head space and the refrigerated space are arranged in horizontal, vertical, staggered or any combination of the above types. The Stirling freezer according to claim 1, wherein the power unit is a Stirling engine; or, the power unit includes an electric motor connected to the piston. The Stirling freezer according to claim 1, wherein the cold heads of the Stirling refrigeration components have different sizes.

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