TW202229709A - Wirelessly powered and powering electrochromic windows - Google Patents

Abstract

Electrochromic windows powered by wireless power transmission and powering other devices by wireless power transmission are described along with wireless power transmission networks that incorporate these electrochromic windows.

Description

Wirelessly powered electrochromic windows and wirelessly powered electrochromic windows

The present disclosure generally relates to the field of electrochromic (EC) devices coupled via wireless power transfer techniques. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to EC windows configured to use wireless power transfer techniques.

Electrochromism is a phenomenon in which a material exhibits a reversible electrochemically-promoted change in optical properties when placed in different electronic states, usually by being subjected to a voltage change. Optical properties are typically one or more of color, transmittance, absorbance, and reflectance. A well-known EC material is, for example, tungsten oxide (WO ₃ ). Tungsten oxide is a cathode EC material in which the color transition (transparent to blue) occurs by electrochemical reduction. Although electrochromic systems were discovered in the 1960s, electrochromic devices (EC devices) and devices and systems containing EC devices have not yet begun to realize their full commercial potential. Electrochromic materials can be incorporated into windows, for example. One disadvantage of conventional EC windows is the amount of electricity used, although not in large quantities, requiring a hardwired connection to the building's power supply. This requirement poses a problem when construction personnel install, for example, a large number of windows in office buildings. Having to deal with the hard wiring required for windows is just another hurdle that builders have to deal with in the long list of items needed to build a modern structure. Furthermore, while EC windows provide an excellent solution for the management of thermal zones in, for example, modern buildings, when controlled by automated thermal and/or energy management systems, EC windows that require hard-wired power are required to form an integrated obstacles to automatic energy management systems. Therefore, the additional installation costs and risks associated with electrical wiring can delay the adoption of EC windows in new construction programs and may prevent the application of trim in many cases because trim requires additional installation of wiring for new EC windows infrastructure.

An electrochromic device powered by wireless power transfer (specifically, in an EC window) is described. The combination of a low defect, highly reliable EC window and wireless power transfer is one aspect of the present disclosure. Scalable EC window techniques are described that integrate wireless power transfer techniques to form wirelessly powered EC windows. Such techniques may optionally include environmental sensors, wireless control, and/or in some aspects, photovoltaic power. The present disclosure enables the full benefits of EC window technology to achieve national-level savings of several quarts of energy and hundreds of tons of carbon per year. New construction will greatly benefit from EC windows being wirelessly powered, and has particular advantages in trim applications where installing wiring to replace windows can be problematic. In general, EC windows incorporating wireless power transfer technology can make their installation and/or repair easier. One embodiment is an electrochromic device (EC device) powered by wireless power transfer. In one embodiment, the EC device is an EC window. Wireless power transfer is used to provide power to one or more EC devices in an EC window. Wireless power can be used to directly power one of the EC devices in the window, or in an alternative embodiment, to charge an internal battery that transitions the EC of the EC device(s) in the window and/or or EC state power supply. In one embodiment, wireless power transfer is received by a receiver that powers more than one EC window. Wireless power can also be used to power other active devices that are part of or directly support the EC window (eg, motion sensors, light sensors, thermal sensors, humidity sensors, wireless communication sensors, and the like). similar) power supply. Wireless communication techniques can also be used to control wirelessly powered EC windows. Any suitable type of wireless power transfer can be used in conjunction with EC windows. Wireless power transfer includes, for example, but is not limited to, magnetic induction, resonant induction, radio frequency power transfer, microwave power transfer, and laser power transfer. In one embodiment, power is transmitted via radio frequency to a receiver, and the receiver utilizes polarized waves (eg, circularly polarized, elliptically polarized, and/or dual-polarized waves) and/or various frequencies and vector to convert this power into current. In another embodiment, power is transferred wirelessly via inductive coupling of magnetic fields. In a particular embodiment, power is transferred wirelessly via a first resonator (a coil that converts electrical energy (eg, AC) passing through the coil into a magnetic field) that is self-hardwired receiving power from an external supply to the first resonator; and a second resonator (a coil, which is coupled to the magnetic field and thereby generates power via induction) by resonating through the first resonator The coupling of the resonant magnetic field of the resonator and the second resonator produces a current or potential to act as a receiver. While embodiments utilizing magnetic induction do not necessarily use resonantly coupled magnetic fields, in embodiments that do require the use of resonantly coupled magnetic fields, near-field resonance from a regional evanescent magnetic field pattern is a relatively efficient method of wireless power transfer. In one embodiment, the window receiver is an RF antenna. In another embodiment, the RF antenna converts RF power to a potential to enable the EC device. In another embodiment, the receiver is a second resonator that is resonantly coupled to a first resonator, configured such that power is wirelessly transmitted from the first resonator to the first resonator second resonator. The second resonator converts the wirelessly transferred power into electricity to power the EC window. In certain embodiments, the receiver is an onboard receiver, which means that the receiver is attached to or placed on or in an electrochromic window during manufacture or prior to installation. In some cases, a receiver (such as an RF antenna or secondary resonant coil) is positioned, for example, somewhere near or in the (secondary) outer seal of the IGU and/or in the window frame so as not to obscure the glass of the IGU viewable area. Thus, in certain embodiments, the receiver has a relatively small size. In one embodiment, the receptacle is of a sufficiently small size that a user of the window may not view the receptacle as part of the window, but in fact the receptacle is hidden from view by the user. In one embodiment, wireless power transfer is accomplished via a wireless power transfer network that includes one or more power nodes for transferring power to window receivers in a particular area. Depending on the building or need, one or more (sometimes several) nodes are used to form a network of power nodes that feed power to their respective window receivers. In one embodiment where radio frequency is used to transmit power and there is more than one power node, more than one frequency and/or polarization vector is used in the power nodes so that different levels or types of power are transferred from the various nodes to windows with different power needs. In another embodiment where magnetic induction is used for wireless power transfer, there are also one or more power nodes, but in this embodiment the power nodes are themselves resonators. For example, in one embodiment, a first resonator receiving power via a power supply is resonantly coupled to a second resonator, and the second resonator is resonantly coupled to, eg, a third resonator, the The third resonator delivers power to the EC window. In this way, the second resonator acts as a power node in a power transfer network from the first resonator to the second resonator to the third resonator, the third resonator acting as a receiver and via The conversion of the magnetic field to electric power transfers the electric power to the EC window. Another aspect is a method of powering an EC device, the method comprising: i) generating and/or transmitting a wireless power to a receiver configured to convert the wireless power to The electrical energy (eg, current or potential) supplied by the EC device; and ii) delivering the electrical energy to the EC device. In one embodiment, the EC device is an EC window as described above. In another embodiment, i) is performed via RF; in another embodiment, i) is performed via magnetic induction. In one embodiment, the power from the receiver is used to charge a battery, which in turn is used to power the EC device(s) of the EC window. In one embodiment, a single window has a wireless power receiver, and the power generated by the receiver is used to charge more than one EC directly and/or by charging a battery or battery system associated with the window window power supply. Another aspect is a wireless power transmission network comprising: i) a wireless power transmitter configured to transmit a wireless power; ii) a power node configured to receiving the wireless power and forwarding the wireless power; iii) a receiver configured to receive the forwarded wireless power and convert the wireless power to electrical energy; and iv) an EC device, the EC device being Configured to receive the power to power a transition between optical states and/or maintain an optical state. The electrical energy may be received directly or indirectly by the EC device. In one embodiment, the power is received directly from the receiver. In another embodiment, the electrical energy is directed from the receiver to a battery and then to the EC device. In one embodiment, the EC device is part of an EC window. In certain embodiments, an EC device receives some of its power from a wireless power source as described above and from a photovoltaic source optionally integrated with the EC device (eg, in or near the IGU, eg, in a window frame) receive extra power. Such systems may not require wiring to power EC devices and associated controllers, sensors, and the like. Another aspect relates to an insulating glass unit base station (IGU base station) having a first window, a second window, and a space disposed between the first window and the second window a primary seal between the spacer and the first window and between the spacer and the second window, and a transmitter in electrical communication with at least one power source. The transmitter is configured to convert electrical energy from the at least one power source into wireless power transmissions configured for transmission to a wireless receiver in electrical communication with a device. The wireless power transfers are configured to be converted by the wireless receiver into electrical energy to power the device. The transmitter is further configured to receive a beacon signal from the wireless receiver. Another aspect relates to a power transmission network belonging to a building, the power transmission network including a window base station, a wireless receiver and a controller. The window base platform includes an insulating glass unit having a first window sheet and a second window sheet. The window base station further includes a transmitter in electrical communication with the at least one power source. The transmitter is configured to convert electrical energy from the at least one power source into wireless power transfer. The transmitter is further configured to receive a beacon signal. The wireless receiver is in electrical communication with a device. The wireless receiver is configured to convert wireless power transmission received from the transmitter into electrical energy to power the device. The wireless receiver is further configured to transmit the beacon signal. The controller communicates with the transmitter. The controller is configured to determine the path of the power transfer based on the beacon signal received by the transmitter from the wireless receiver. Another aspect relates to a building comprising a skin consisting of a plurality of electrochromic windows between an exterior environment and an interior environment of the building. The building further contains a plurality of transmitters. Each transmitter is disposed on one of the electrochromic windows. Each transmitter is in electrical communication with at least one power source and is configured to convert electrical energy from the at least one power source to wireless power transfer. These wireless power transmissions are configured to be received by a wireless receiver. The wireless receiver is configured to convert the wireless power transmissions into electrical energy to power a device. The building further includes a network of window controllers in communication with the plurality of transmitters. The window controller network is configured to control the phase and gain of the wireless transmissions from the plurality of transmitters based on the determined paths of the beacon signals from the plurality of transmitters from the wireless receiver . These and other features and advantages are described in greater detail below with reference to the associated drawings.

i. Powered by wireless and wirelessly powered EC Introduction to windows In the broadest sense, this disclosure describes EC devices that are configured to receive and/or transmit wireless power, particularly in EC windows. As described herein, a "transmitter" generally refers to a device that draws power, eg, from a power source, and broadcasts in wireless power transfer. As described herein, a "receiver" generally refers to a device configured to receive wireless power transmission and to convert the wirelessly transmitted power into electrical energy. In certain embodiments, the EC window train is powered by a wireless power source. In certain implementations, wireless power transfer is particularly well suited for powering EC windows because EC windows operate using low potentials (on the order of a few volts) to transition and/or maintain the optical state of EC devices. In a typical scenario, the EC window may shift several times a day. Furthermore, wireless power transfer can be used to charge an associated battery so that indirect powering of the EC window via wireless power transfer can be achieved. Installing windows with cords becomes an additional consideration for architects and builders, and in trim applications, cords are particularly problematic due to the need for additional wiring infrastructure not previously installed in buildings. The combination of these advanced technologies, wireless power transfer, and EC windows solves these problems and provides the synergy of saving energy and time and money that can be used to integrate the hardwired electrical connections of the EC windows. Dynamic EC insulating glass units (IGUs) for commercial and residential windows change light transmission properties in response to small voltages, allowing control of the amount of light and heat passing through the window. EC devices use small electrical potentials to change between a transparent "clear or bleached" state and a darkened (light and/or thermal blocking) state, and can use even less power to maintain the optical state. A dynamic EC window can filter the amount of light passing through the window, in one aspect, providing visibility even in darkened states and thus preserving a visual connection to the external environment, while saving energy, for example, during hot weather. Block heat-generating sun rays in weather or retain valuable heat in a building in cold weather (due to the insulating properties of the windows). Although EC windows are discussed primarily with reference to insulating glass unit configurations, this need not be the case. For example, an EC window may have a monolithic laminate construction. Those skilled in the art can readily understand how the disclosed concepts for wirelessly powering electrochromic insulating glass units can be similarly applied to optically switchable windows having a different structure. An example of such a dynamic window is a low defect, highly reliable EC window, which includes both solid state and inorganic EC device stack materials. All of these solid state and inorganic EC devices, methods of making EC devices, and defect criteria are described in more detail in US Patent Application Serial No. 12/645,111, filed December 22, 2009 and titled "Fabrication of Low-Defectivity Electrochromic Devices" and named Mark Kozlowski et al. as inventors; and U.S. Patent Application No. 12/645,159 (now U.S. Patent No. 8,432,603), filed in December 2009 filed on 22 and entitled "Electrochromic Devices" and named Zhongchun Wang et al. as inventors; and U.S. Patent Application Nos. 12/772,055 (now U.S. Patent No. 8,300,298) and 12/772,075 (now US Pat. No. 8,582,193); and US Patent Application Ser. Nos. 12/814,277 (now US Pat. No. 8,764,950) and 12/814,279, respectively, filed on June 11, 2010 ( Now U.S. Patent No. 8,764,951), each of the four applications is titled "Electrochromic Devices" and each appoints Zhongchun Wang et al. as inventors; each of these six patent applications Incorporated herein by reference for all purposes. One aspect includes a combination of EC windows, such as, but not limited to, the EC windows described in any of these six US patent applications, powered by wireless power transfer techniques. The EC window can be powered directly via wireless power transfer (after being converted to electrical energy by the receiver), and/or the electrical energy can be used to charge the battery used to power the EC window. Wireless power transfer is the process by which electrical energy is transferred from a power source to an electrical load without interconnecting wires. In the broadest sense, no wires are needed, and current flows through the environment, which can be air, water, or solid objects. Wireless power transmission is often electromagnetic transmission. Examples of useful (controlled) forms of wireless power transfer include magnetic induction, electrostatic induction, laser, ultrasonic, radio waves, and microwave energy. Wireless transmission is particularly useful in applications where instantaneous or continuous energy transfer is required, but interconnecting wires are inconvenient, problematic, harmful, or impossible. In some embodiments, power is transferred via RF and converted to electrical potential or current by a receiver in electrical communication with the EC device, particularly the EC window. A particularly useful method of transferring power via RF transmission is described in US Patent Publication 2007/0191074 from Daniel W. Harrist et al., filed January 29, 2007, entitled "Power Transmission Network and Method" in US Patent Application 11/699,148, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In other embodiments, power is transferred via magnetic induction using a first resonator powered by an external power supply and a second resonator to transfer the magnetic field generated by the first resonator The energy is converted into electricity to supply the EC device of the EC window. One particularly useful method of transferring electrical power via magnetic induction is described in US Patent Publication 2007/0222542 from John Joannapoulos et al., filed July 5, 2006, entitled "Wireless Non-radiative Energy Transfer ," US Patent Application 11/481,077, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Another useful method of controlling wirelessly supplied power is described in US Patent 7,382,636, entitled "System and Method for Powering a Load," by David Baarman et al., filed October 14, 2005, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. is incorporated herein by way of. The EC windows described herein may incorporate such methods of controlling wireless power transfer. Certain embodiments include more than one wireless power transfer source, ie, the invention is not limited to embodiments using a single wireless power transfer source. For example, in an embodiment using a wireless power transfer network, one wireless power transfer method (eg, RF power transfer) is used in one part of the network, while another method (eg, RF power transfer) is used in another part of the network , magnetic induction). One aspect of the present invention is an EC window powered by a wireless power transfer source. In one embodiment, the EC window can be of any useful size, eg, in automotive applications, such as in sunroofs or mirrors where wiring is inconvenient (eg, must pass through the windshield of an automobile). In one embodiment, the EC window uses architectural grade glass as the substrate for the EC device of the window. Architectural glass is glass used as building material. Architectural glass is commonly used in commercial buildings, but can also be used in residential buildings and typically (but not necessarily) separates the indoor environment from the outdoor environment. Architectural glass is at least 20 inches by 20 inches and can be as large as approximately 80 inches by 80 inches. In some embodiments, the EC device is all solid state and inorganic. The window will have a receiver, eg, an RF receiver or resonator, as part of the window assembly. picture 1Show EC Window Manufacturing 100, where the window assembly includes the receiver 135, the receiver is used to receive wireless power transmissions, convert the transmissions into electrical energy, and use the electrical energy to power (directly or indirectly) the EC device of the window, for example, by directly powering the EC device or Powered by battery charging. EC window panels 105(It has an EC device (not shown, but on surface A, for example) and bus bars that power the EC device 110) will be combined with another glass pane 115match. at IGU 125During manufacture, the separator 120clamped to the substrate 105with substrate 115between and aligned with the substrates. IGU 125with separator 120Contacting substrate surfaces and separators 120The associated interior space defined by the surface of the interior perimeter of the . Splitter 120Usually a hermetic separator, that is, the separator includes a spacer and a seal between the spacer and each of the substrates adjacent to the two in order to hermetically seal the interior region and thus protect the interior from moisture and its Similar influence. Typically, after sealing the glazing to the separator, a secondary seal can be applied at the separator of the IGU 120around the outer perimeter edge of the IGU in order to impart not only further sealing from the surrounding environment, but also further structural rigidity to the IGU. The IGU is supported by the frame to form the window assembly 130. Cutout in window frame is shown to reveal the wireless power receiver 135, in this example, the receiver includes an antenna. receiver 135close to the IGU, in this instance, at the window assembly 130within the framework. The wireless power transfer receiver may be a component of the window controller. In one embodiment, the wireless power transfer source transfers power via radio waves. In this embodiment, the EC window includes a radio frequency (RF) receiver, wherein the RF receiver is configured to convert the radio frequency into electrical energy (eg, current or potential) used to power the EC devices in the EC window . Powering the EC device includes powering at least one of an optical transition or an optical state of the EC device. In one embodiment, the radio frequency receiver resides in or near the IGU of the EC window. For example, the receiver may be in the window frame supporting the IGU, in the area adjacent to the spacers separating the glass panes of the IGU, or both. Preferably, but not necessarily, the receiver does not block the viewable area of the IGU, eg, as picture 1shown in. Some examples of RF transmitters and RF receivers for wireless transmission are described elsewhere herein. In another embodiment, power is transferred wirelessly via inductive coupling of magnetic fields. In general, a primary coil supplied by a power source that converts electrical energy, eg AC, passing through the coil into a magnetic field, generates a magnetic field, and the secondary coil is coupled to the magnetic field and thereby generates electrical energy via induction. The electrical energy generated by the secondary coil is used to power an EC device (in certain embodiments an EC device with an EC window). In a particular embodiment utilizing resonantly coupled magnetic energy, power is wirelessly transferred via a first resonator that is self-hardwired to an external supply of the first resonator receiving power; and a second resonator acting as a receiver by generating a current through the coupling of the resonant magnetic fields of the first resonator and the second resonator. While embodiments utilizing magnetic induction do not necessarily use resonantly coupled magnetic fields, in embodiments that do require the use of resonantly coupled magnetic fields, near-field resonance from a regional evanescent magnetic field pattern is a relatively efficient method of wireless power transfer. In another embodiment, power is transmitted wirelessly via capacitive coupling of electric fields. Generally, both the transmitter and receiver take the form of electrodes, and the capacitive transmitter-receiver pair together form a capacitor. By supplying an AC voltage to the transmitter, an oscillating electric field is created that induces an AC potential on the receiver electrodes. The AC potential at the receiver is then used to cause AC current to flow in the load circuit. In yet another embodiment, power is transferred wirelessly via magnetodynamic coupling. In this method, electrical power is generated by two moving armatures, each with a permanent magnet. One armature acts as a transmitter and the other armature acts as a receiver. The power source is used to drive the rotation of the transmission armature using, for example, an electric motor. The transmitter thus generates a rotating magnetic field, and the receiving armature begins to rotate synchronously in the vicinity of the rotating magnetic field experienced by the transmitter. The receiving armature can then be used to generate current using induction. In yet another embodiment, power is transferred wirelessly using ultrasonic transmission. In this example, the receiver is equipped with a piezoelectric transducer that harvests the energy transmitted wirelessly as ultrasound. In some cases, piezoelectric transducers can be attached to the surface of the window and collect resonance of the window caused by wind or movement within the building. In yet another embodiment, power is wirelessly transmitted using power beaming in which energy is transmitted in the form of a laser and then converted back to electrical energy using photovoltaic cells. In one embodiment, power beamforming is performed using an infrared laser. In one embodiment, the receiver (RF antenna or resonant coil) is positioned close to the IGU of the EC window (eg, close to the IGU seal or window frame) so as not to obscure the viewable area in the glass of the IGU. Thus, in certain embodiments, the receiver has a relatively small size. "Small size" means, for example, that the receiver occupies no more than about 5% of the viewable area of the EC window. In one embodiment, the receiver does not occupy the viewable area of the EC window, ie, the receiver is of sufficiently small size that a user of the window may not view the receiver as part of the window, when in fact the receiver does not To be seen by the user, for example, contained in the frame of a window. In one embodiment, where the receiver is housed in the sealed area of the IGU, the frame of the window may have one or more access ports for servicing the receiver, or the receiver may be permanently sealed in the window frame . There may also be ports and/or materials that are transparent to the wireless power transfer so that the receiver can properly receive the wireless power transfer without interference from the window frame material. In certain embodiments, there is a controller, such as a microprocessor, that regulates the potential applied to the EC device and optionally controls other functions (either independently or in combination with other microprocessors), such as for operating the window. Recharging batteries, communicating wirelessly with remote controls, such as hand-held automated thermal and/or energy management systems that communicate wirelessly with window controllers. In certain embodiments, which will be described in greater detail elsewhere herein, wireless power transfer is accomplished via a network that includes window receivers for transmitting wireless power to certain areas and/or for use in certain areas. One or more power nodes in an area that receive wireless power transmissions. The wireless power transfer networks described herein may use various forms of wireless power transfer, such as RF, magnetic induction, or both, as desired. Looking at the building, one or more (sometimes several) nodes are used to form a network of power nodes that feed power to their respective window receivers. For example, a network of power nodes may include wireless power transmitters dispersed in one or more rooms or other building spaces, such that each wireless power receiver may receive power from more than one transmitter in the network transmission. For example, in one implementation, some windows in a wireless power transfer network have wireless power transmitters (eg, each window in the middle of a curtain wall may have a transmitter), while other windows have wireless power receivers, The receivers may receive power transmissions forwarded from one or more of the transmitters in the network of power nodes. In one embodiment, where radio frequency is used to transmit power and there is more than one power node, more than one frequency and/or polarization vector is used in the power nodes so that different levels or types of power are automatically Various nodes move to windows with different power needs. In one embodiment, where magnetic induction is used for wireless power transfer, there are also one or more power nodes, but in this embodiment the power nodes are themselves resonators. For example, in one embodiment, a first resonator receiving power through a power supply is resonantly coupled to a second resonator, and the second resonator is resonantly coupled to a third resonator, which is (for example) delivering power to the EC window. In this way, the second resonator acts as a power node in the power transfer network from the first resonator to the second resonator to the third resonator, which acts as a receiver and via the magnetic field to The conversion of power transfers the power to the EC window. In the following manner, the near-field magnetic energy can span longer distances to suit the needs of the EC windows of a particular building. Another embodiment is a method of powering an EC device, the method comprising: i) generating a wireless power; ii) transmitting the wireless power to a receiver; the receiver being configured to convert the wireless power to an electrical energy used to power the EC device; and iii) delivering the electrical energy (eg, current or potential) to the EC device and/or a battery used to power the EC device. In one embodiment, the EC device is an EC window. In other embodiments, generating the wireless power is performed via a wireless power transmitter that transmits power via radio frequency, and the power is a voltage potential. In another embodiment, generating the wireless power is performed via a wireless power transmitter that transmits power via magnetic induction (in a more specific embodiment, resonant coupled magnetic induction). In other specific embodiments, ii) and iii) are accomplished via at least one of the wireless power transfer networks described above. In a specific one of the above-described embodiments, the EC device is part of an EC pane of an EC window. In a more specific embodiment, the EC glazing is of the architectural glass grade. In another embodiment, at least one of i), ii) and iii) is performed via wireless communication. One embodiment includes using the electrical energy generated by the wireless power transfer conversion of the receiver to charge a battery used to power the EC device. II . Examples of Wireless Power Transmission Networks picture 2Awireless power transmission network 200schematic representation. The wireless power transmission network has wireless power transmitters 202, the wireless power transmitter transmits wireless power to the EC window, for example, via RF power or magnetic induction as described herein 204. The present disclosure is not limited to EC windows; any EC device powered by wireless power transfer is within the scope of the present invention. Electrochromic Windows 204It is configured with a receiver that converts the wirelessly transmitted power to power for operating EC devices in the EC window and/or window controllers, sensors, and the like. In one embodiment, the electrical energy is a voltage potential used to transiently power the EC device and/or maintain the optical state. Typically, an EC device will have an associated controller, such as a microprocessor, that controls and manages the device depending on the input. Additionally, the EC device may be controlled and managed by an external controller that communicates with the device via a network. The input may be entered manually by the user (directly or via wireless communication), or the input may be from the building's automated thermal and/or energy management system of which the EC window is a component. Wireless power transmission networks are usually 206Defining, that is, power transmission is usually confined to the area 206, but not necessarily so. area 206An area can be defined in which one or more windows reside and in which wireless power is to be transmitted. Transmitter 202In some embodiments, the area can be 206outside (and transmit power into the area) or in the area 206inside, as picture 2Ashown in. In one embodiment, the wireless power receiver resides close to the IGU of the EC window. Preferably. The receiver does not obstruct viewing through the EC window. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that a wireless power network as described may contain a plurality of EC windows to which power is wirelessly supplied via one or more transmitters. The electrical energy generated via wireless power can in turn be used to augment the battery supply or photovoltaic power supply of the EC window. In one embodiment, photovoltaic power supplies are used to increase battery charging performed via wireless power transfer. picture 2Bfor another wireless power transmission network 201schematic representation. network 201much like above about picture 2Athe network described 200, except for the following: self-transmitter 202The transmitted wireless power (which is determined by the EC window 204receiver in the receiver) is used not only for windows 204power supply, and window 205powered by. That is, the receiver in a single window is configured to convert wireless power transfer to electrical energy for powering more than one EC window, either directly or via a battery or batteries charged by the receiver. In this example, with the window 204The associated receiver converts the wireless power transfer to electrical energy and transmits the energy via the wires to the window 205. This has the advantage of not relying on a receiver for each window, and although some wiring is used, the wiring is limited to the window installation area to provide electrical communication between the windows, rather than necessarily extending throughout the building. Furthermore, since EC windows do not have high power requirements, this configuration is practical. picture 2Cfor another wireless power transmission network 208schematic representation. network 208much like above about picture 2Athe network described 200, except for the following: self-transmitter 202The transmitted wireless power is not controlled by the EC window 204receivers in the 210transfer. power node 210The power can be forwarded as it was received (eg, via an RF antenna or induction coil), or configured to change the wireless power and make it more suitable for the window 204transmitted to the receiver in the form of the (final) demand. In one example, the power node receives one form of wireless power transfer (RF or magnetic induction) and transmits the wireless power to the window in another of the preceding forms 204. One embodiment is a power node comprising: a wireless power transfer receiver configured to receive one or more forms of wireless power transmissions and convert the transmissions to electrical energy; and a wireless power transfer receiver A power transmitter configured to convert electrical energy into the one or more forms of wireless power transfer. In one embodiment, the wireless power transmitter is configured to convert electrical energy into wireless power transmission in the same form that the wireless power receiver is configured to receive. Although identical in form, there may be, for example, different frequencies or polarities used so that the receiver of the power node can communicate these wireless transmissions with the transmitter 202and power nodes 210The transmitter is distinguished. In one embodiment, the wireless power transmitter is configured to convert electrical energy into wireless power transmission in a different form than the wireless power receiver is configured to receive. picture 2Dfor another wireless power transmission network 212schematic representation. network 212More similar to as above about picture 2Cthe network described 208, except for the following: self-transmitter 202The wireless power transmitted is through the power node 210forwarding to multiple windows 204. power node 210The power can also be forwarded in the form in which it was received (eg, via an RF antenna or induction coil), or configured to change the wireless power and make it more suitable for the window 204transmitted to the receiver in the form of the (final) demand. In this example, the transmitter 202in the area 206outside. In this example, the window 204The power requirements are the same, however, the present disclosure is not limited to this case. That is, the self node 210The transmitted wireless power may be of sufficient level to meet the power demands of EC windows with different power requirements, for example, when 210The wireless power transfer is properly converted into electrical components for each window 204part of the receiver. In one embodiment, meeting the varying power demands of different windows within the wireless power transfer network is accomplished using different power nodes for windows with different power needs. The power forwarded from each node may, for example, have different power levels and/or be transmitted in different ways. picture 2Efor one such wireless power transmission network 214schematic representation. network 214much like above about picture 2Dthe network described 212, except for the following: self-transmitter 202The wireless power transmitted is through two power nodes 210and 216transfer. power node 210The power can be forwarded in the form it is received in (eg via an RF antenna or induction coil), or configured to change the wireless power and make it more suitable for the window 204transmitted to the receiver (in the window 204middle). power node 216different from the power node 210way to transfer wireless power, that is, power nodes 216is configured to change the wireless power and to better fit the window 218is transmitted to the window in the form of the (final) demand 218receiver in. In this example, the window 218Configured to supply power to itself and windows via wiring 220. window 218self node 216receive wireless power transmission, and the window 218The receiver converts these wireless power transmissions into sufficient power to operate the window 218and window 220. Thus, in the embodiments described herein, different power nodes may, for example, receive the same form of wireless energy from a single transmitter, but (via an associated receiver) for different EC devices (in this example, with different The EC window of power demand) transfers wireless energy in different formats. In this example, the transmitter 202in the area 206outside. In a particular embodiment, a single wireless power transmitter transmits wireless power, and each of the plurality of EC windows includes a receiver that is specifically configured to convert the wireless power to a specific one suitable for that window. required electrical energy. In another embodiment, each window has the same receiver that converts wireless power to the same power, but the power will be delivered by one or more electronic components (eg, rectifiers, voltage converters, frequency converters, etc.) in communication with the receivers. transformer or inverter) to convert to the specific needs of the window. One embodiment is a wireless power transfer network comprising: i) a wireless power transmitter configured to transmit a wireless power; ii) a power node configured to receive the power node wireless power and forwarding the wireless power; iii) a receiver configured to receive the forwarded wireless power and convert the wireless power to electrical energy; and iv) an EC device that has been assembled state to receive this power. In one embodiment, the EC device is an EC window. In another embodiment, the power node includes an RF antenna. In one embodiment, the power node includes an induction coil. In another embodiment, the receiver is an RF receiver. In another embodiment, the receiver is an induction coil. In other embodiments, the power node is configured to change the wireless power as needed by the EC window before forwarding the wireless power to the EC window. In some embodiments, the wireless power network includes a plurality of power nodes, wherein each power node is configured to forward power to one or more EC windows, each of the plurality of power nodes is configured to Wireless power is forwarded according to the needs of EC windows that include receivers corresponding to each of the plurality of power nodes. Although specific embodiments are described herein with reference to EC devices, it should be understood that in other implementations, these embodiments may be used to power other optical devices. III. wireless transmitter and / or receiver location and other details picture 3AAccording to examples shown in construction with electrochromic windows 305The EC window (which is an insulating glass unit (IGU) 300some common operations in the form of . at IGU 300During construction, the spacer 310Clip on Electrochromic Windows 305with second window 315between and aligned with the two windows. IGU 300have faces and spacers by the windows 310The associated interior space bounded by the interior surfaces. spacer 310Can be sealed (eg hermetically) by the window together with the primary seal 305and 315and spacers 310closed internal volume. Once the windows 305and 315coupled to spacer 310, the secondary seal is around the IGU 300perimeter edge applied to impart further sealing from the surrounding environment and further structural rigidity to the IGU 300. For example, the secondary seal may be a silicone based sealant. In this example, in the electrochromic window 305A pair of opposing bus bars are shown above 350(Electrical power distribution components for electrochromic devices). bus bar 350are configured in the spacer in the final construction 310outside. picture 3B to figure 3EShown according to different implementations of components of an IGU configured for wireless power transfer picture 3ASection of the IGU xxone part. These implementations include components for bus bars that receive and/or transmit wireless power and deliver power to electrochromic windows. It should be understood that although a portion of section X-X is shown, this section of the IGU includes a substantially mirror image portion. picture 3FOne implementation of an electrochromic IGU is shown that is configured for wireless power transfer using magnetic induction from a transmitter positioned in or next to the window frame. picture 3GOne implementation of an electrochromic IGU is shown configured with the transmitter in a glazing pocket between the window frame and the IGU. exist picture 3BIn the implementation shown in the electrochromic window 305shown as the lower pane and the pane 315Shown as the upper pane. spacer 310Paired to the window with an adhesive sealant on the opposite side 305, 315Both, the viscous sealant forms the primary seal of the IGU 325. The main seal area is separated by a spacer 310top and bottom (as shown) exterior surfaces and windows 305, 315defined by the inner surface. After pairing, there is a sealed volume defined within the IGU 340. Usually, the volume 340Filled with inert gas or evacuated. spacer 310There may be a dryer (not shown) inside. in the spacer 310Outside the perimeter, but generally not extending beyond the edge of the window, there is a secondary sealant material 330, the material forms the secondary seal of the IGU. mounted on electrochromic windows 305electrochromic device on transparent substrate 345It is a thin film coating with a thickness of about a few hundred nanometers to a few micrometers. bus bar 351Supplying electricity to electrochromic devices 345, each bus bar supplies power to the different transparent conductive layers of the electrochromic device stack to 345A voltage potential is generated on the inner layer and thereby drives the optical transition. IGU including wiring 355to deliver power to the bus bars 351. In this implementation, the bus bar 351in the spacer 310outside, but in the secondary seal, reducing to the bus bar 351the wiring 355Any possibility of interfering with the primary seal of the IGU. In other implementations, the IGU may have a first bus bar in the secondary seal and a second bus bar in the primary seal or in the sealing volume of the IGU, or a bus bar in the primary seal and in The second bus bar in the sealed volume of the IGU. continue picture 3B, an IGU configured for wireless power transfer includes an onboard receiver 360, the airborne receiver is positioned on the secondary seal of the IGU 330middle. As shown, the receiver 360in the secondary seal 330exposed in the area at the edge of the 355Form to bus bar 350electrical connection. In another example, the receiver 360Can be fully enclosed in secondary seals 330middle. Although the illustrated example is described as having spacers positioned at 310foreign bus bar 350and extends to the secondary seal 330electrochromic device 345, the bus bar 350and electrochromic devices 345In other implementations, the spacer may only be partially 310Extend down, or spacers only in viewable area through the IGU 310extends inside the inner perimeter. In these latter two cases, the wiring 355Can pass through spacers 310extends to bus bar 350, or across the primary seal 325the spacer 310and at least a part between the windows to connect the receiver and the bus bar. picture 3CDemonstrate an implementation of an IGU with a pair of bus bars 352and electrochromic devices 346only by spacers 310The inner perimeter that defines the viewable area of the IGU extends. In the example illustrated here, the wiring 356traverse spacer 310with windows 305, 315main seal between 325, to place the secondary seal 330receiver in 360with bus bars 351electrical connection. In another example, the receiver 360Can be completely sealed on secondary seals 330middle. Additional wiring configurations for powering the bus bars are described in US Patent Application Serial No. 15/228,992, filed August 4, 2016, entitled "Connectors for Smart Windows," which is incorporated in its entirety Incorporated herein by reference. According to some aspects, the receiver or another portion of the IGU may further include a battery for storing and delivering the power to the bus bar. According to some aspects, the receiver may be part of the window controller, and in some aspects may also include a transmitter (eg, an RF transmitter). picture 3Dshows the implementation of an IGU in which a pair of bus bars 353and in spacers 310under the extension (i.e., in the spacer 310with electrochromic windows 305between the transparent substrates and not exceeding the spacers 310the outer periphery) of the electrochromic device 347. In the illustrated implementation, the onboard receiver 362positioned at the spacer 310within the internal volume, rather than being located at the secondary seal 330middle. in busbars such as 353Does not extend beyond spacers 310In the implementation of this implementation of the surrounding, make the receiver 362positioned at the spacer 310can be simplified within the receiver 362Electrically connected to bus bars 353the wiring 357. In one aspect, the spacer 310It can be, for example, a plastic or foam spacer. Spacer as appropriate 310May have a pre-formed pocket, receiver 362into this pocket. In one case, to the bus bar 353Wiring of at least one of the 357The end connectors can be through-hole connectors that pass through the foam spacer body or, for example, through apertures formed in the plastic spacer to create a connection to the bus bars 353electrical communication. In one example, individual wires may surround the spacer 310extend around the perimeter (within or out of spacer) to establish electrical contact with other bus bars, or for example, a bus bar sheet may extend from opposing bus bar to bus bar 330On the side of the device, so that the wiring of the receiver can contact both bus bars using two adjacent bus bar sheet connectors. In another aspect, the spacer 310Can be made of metal, such as aluminium, in which case inductive coupling can occur via the spacer body (a steel spacer can block this coupling). picture 3Eshows the implementation of an IGU with a pair of bus bars 354and in spacers 311under the extension (i.e., in the spacer 311with electrochromic windows 305between the transparent substrates and not exceeding the spacers 311the outer periphery) of the electrochromic device 348. The IGU includes spacers positioned at the 311receiver within the internal volume of 363and the receiver 363Electrically connected to bus bars 354the wiring 358. spacer 311Can be made of stainless steel or can substantially block the transfer of time-varying magnetic fields to the receiver 363of another material. In this example, the spacer 311A key with a portion removed and made of a material that allows the transfer of magnetic energy (eg plastic, foam, or aluminum) 312replace. as the case may be, such as picture 3Eshown in the transmitter 364Positioned on secondary seal 330middle. Transmitter 364via spacer 311key in 312Wirelessly transmit power to receiver 363. In one case, the transmitter 364Electrical connection to a power source may be via wiring. Alternatively, the transmitter 364A receiver for accepting wireless power transmissions may be included. In one aspect, the receiver may be positioned within the sealed volume of the IGU. In this case, if the transmitter is positioned laterally relative to the receiver, depending on the spacer material, the inductive coupling can be established via the spacer, or using a key (in the case where the key is a steel spacer). Alternatively, the transmitter may be configured to transmit wireless power through one of the windows (eg, glass panes) of the IGU (eg, from S4 (inner surface) or S1 (outer surface) of the IGU). In some implementations, the receiver includes or is in electrical communication with a local energy storage device, such as a battery or supercapacitor. In some cases, excess power received is stored in an energy storage device and used in the event that transmitted power becomes insufficient or unavailable (eg, power outages). In some cases, the local energy storage device may be positioned outside the IGU (eg, within a wall or within a window frame) and electrically connected to the receiver. In one example, the local energy storage device is placed into a wall that is connected to the receiver by wires running through the window frame. Examples of some energy storage devices that may be used are described in International PCT Patent Application PCT/US16/41176, filed July 6, 2016 and entitled "POWER MANAGEMENT FOR ELECTROCHROMIC WINDOW NETWORKS CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS", which The patent application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. picture 3FShows the implementation of an electrochromic IGU configured for wireless power transfer using a transmitter from a transmitter positioned in or near the window frame in which the IGU is installed 370magnetic induction. Transmitter 370oscillates the current through the conductive coil, creating a 365The conductive coil in the AC magnetic field is converted back to an AC current. receiver 365A rectifier in the circuit then converts the alternating current to direct current for delivery to the EC device and/or to the battery. In some cases, the transmitter 370The coil diameter can be different from the receiver 365the coil diameter, or a coupling fitting can have redundant coils to account for misalignment of the components with each other. In the illustrated example, the receiver 365shown to have a transmitter with greater than 370the occupied area. The illustrated IGU is configured with two receivers 365, thus allowing the IGU to be installed with a transmitter in a different location 370compatible within the framework. By having redundant receivers 365, the installation procedure is simplified to reduce or eliminate the possibility of misaligning the transmitter and receiver during installation. In other examples, the IGU may have a single receiver 365. When installing the IGU, glazing blocks (also referred to herein as setting blocks) may be provided to help support the IGU in the frame. The setting blocks are positioned in glass insert grooves that define the space between the window frame and the IGU. The settings block also prevents windows from cracking or popping out during an earthquake by helping to adjust the degree of movement/deformation of the building relative to the window (by, for example, isolating the window from movement/deformation around the building). These blocks are often rubber, but other durable and deformable materials can be used. The blocks can be placed on the bottom of the window, the sides of the window and the top of the window. Typically, where blocks are present, two or more blocks are provided for each side of the window. Additional details such as window frame assemblies for glass inserts can be found in PCT Patent Application No. PCT/US15/62530, filed on November 24, 2015, and entitled "INFILL ELECTROCHROMIC WINDOWS," which is Incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. picture 3GAn electrochromic IGU configured for wireless power transfer is shown 301The implementation of the IGU has a glass insert slot (window frame 375with IGU 301the space between) the transmitter 371. set block 365Also located at IGU 301with window frame 375between. In this implementation, the receiver 366Positioned at IGU 301, for example, is located in the secondary seal. Additional details are shown in part of the expanded view, and the cross-section BBShow additional details. According to one aspect, the transmitter 371Can be enclosed in and set block 365in a material similar to the one used. In the illustrated implementation, the transmitter 371With and set block 365the same or approximately the same width. In another implementation, the transmitter 371The form factor is smaller than the set block 365form factor, so that the transmitter in the IGU 371with receiver 366There are pore spaces in between. In another implementation, the transmitter 371positioned on the window frame 375in one part. In the implementation described here, the window frame 375Includes pressure plate to hold IGU 301 in place 375a. In another implementation, the transmitter 370positioned on the pressure plate 375asuperior. In each of these implementations, the long axes of the coils in the transmitter and receiver are substantially collinear to increase the efficiency of wireless power transfer. In some cases, wood, plastic, aluminum, glass, or another material that does not substantially inhibit wireless power transfer between the transmitter and receiver may be present. picture 3Hfor showing the EC window 380Schematic illustration of the implementation of the EC window incorporating an IGU including an electrochromic window. EC window 380Include external frame 384, fixed frame 382and movable frame 383installed in the outer frame. fixed frame 382fixedly mounted on the outer frame 384inside so that the fixed frame does not move. removable frame 383Removably mounted on the frame 384inside such that the movable frame can be moved, for example, from a closed position to an open position. In the window industry, EC windows 380May be referred to as a "single hung window", the fixed frame may be referred to as a "fixed sash", and the movable frame may be referred to as a "movable sash". removable frame 383Including IGU with electrochromic windows 300, and is configured to self-position to the outer frame 384Transmitter in 372receiver for wireless power 367. In the example where the wireless power transfer occurs via electromagnetic induction, the configuration shown is optimal when the frame is in the closed position, ie the power is transferred. at the receiver 367with transmitter 372In instances where wireless power transfer occurs via electromagnetic induction, the power transfer is 383Maximum in closed position. In another example, the receiver 367and transmitter 372can be positioned so that maximum wireless power transfer is in the movable frame 383Occurs when in the open position. In another implementation, the movable sash window includes a plurality of transmitters and/or receivers so that wireless power transfer can occur at various window locations, or this wireless power transfer can also occur when magnetic coupling is established at the window Completed within the operating range of the move. Although picture 3HAn EC window with one movable frame with electrochromic windows is shown, but additional receivers and transmitters can be used with EC windows with two or more movable frames, each with an electrochromic window windows. In another aspect, a single transmitter may be used to wirelessly transmit power to receivers on multiple movable frames. Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the described embodiments with one or more movable frames may include configurations such as horizontal sliding windows, sliding doors, tilt out windows, and the like. Although picture 3F to figure 3IThe implementation shown in has been described with reference to wireless power transfer by magnetic induction, but those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other forms of wireless power transfer may be used in the described embodiments. For example, instead of having a conductive coil transmit power via electromagnetic induction, the transmitter and receiver may have electrodes that allow power to be transferred via capacitive coupling. In some implementations, power is transferred via radio frequency (RF) waves and converted to electrical potential or current by a receiver in electrical communication with the EC window. An example of a method of transferring power via RF is described in Michael A. Leabman et al., published Jan. 21, 2016, filed Jul. 21, 2014, and entitled "Integrated Antenna Structure Arrays for Wireless Power Transmission" In US Patent Publication No. US20160020647, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Certain implementations include more than one wireless power transmitter, ie, the present disclosure is not limited to implementations in which a single wireless power transmission source is used. In certain RF embodiments, RF power transfer may be used to transfer power to an RF receiver positioned within about 100 feet of the RF transmitter. In one example, RF power transfer can be used to transfer power to an RF receiver positioned within about 75 feet of the RF transmitter. In another example, RF power transfer can be used to transfer power to an RF receiver positioned within about 50 feet of the RF transmitter. In yet another example, RF power transfer can be used to transfer power to an RF receiver positioned within about 25 feet of the RF transmitter. In yet another example, RF power transfer can be used to transfer power to an RF receiver positioned within about 20 feet of the RF transmitter. In yet another example, RF power transfer can be used to transfer power to an RF receiver positioned within about 15 feet of the RF transmitter. picture 4Shows a room configured for wireless power transfer (eg, RF power transfer) 404internal. Room 404Includes multiple electrochromic windows 406. In this instance, the room 404including via wire 405connected to a room 404Transmitters for the electrical infrastructure of buildings 401. Transmitter 401will pass through the wire 405electricity in the form of current is converted into a receiver for transmission 402(In this case, targeting the room 404each electrochromic window 406The receiver converts the electromagnetic transmission back into an electrical signal to power its associated electrochromic device. To reduce losses in power transmission caused by absorption and reflection of electromagnetic waves (especially in the case of RF waves), the transmitter can be placed in a central location, such as a ceiling preferably with line-of-sight to all receivers in the room or wall. In the illustrated example, the transmitter 401Positioned in the central portion of the ceiling of the room. Transmitter 401Can be in the form of ceiling windows or lighting fixtures to coordinate with the aesthetics of the room. Electrical devices that receive wireless power transmissions typically have at least one associated receiver that can convert the electromagnetic transmissions into usable electrical energy and electrical power. When the EC window 406one or more of which are configured to be wireless from the transmitter 401When receiving power, the transmitter 401Can also be configured to wirelessly access additional electronic devices 403(such as a laptop or mobile device with a receiver). When transferring power via radio waves, the RF transmitter or transmitters are typically placed in a central location to the device being powered. In many cases, this means that the RF transmitter will be in close proximity to the devices (eg, within range of the RF transmitter/receiver, eg, within 15 feet, within 20 feet, within 25 feet, within 50 feet within 75 feet, within 100 feet) on the ceiling or wall. For example, an RF transmitter can be positioned on the ceiling/wall so that the transmitter can power EC windows in close proximity. In one embodiment, the RF transmitter is positioned next to or a component of the main controller. In one embodiment, the RF transmitter is integrated into a wall unit having a user interface for controlling the tinting state of the EC window. In one example, the wall unit may also perform a plug-and-play window trial. In one embodiment, each EC window has a designated RF transmitter mounted directly to the ceiling immediately in front of the window, allowing greater power transfer. In yet another embodiment, an EC window powered by wire or wirelessly may also have a transmitter with an antenna on the surface of the window. By placing the antennas on the windows, the antennas tend to be positioned at unobstructed points in the room. In some embodiments, this may allow power transmission to be broadcast via both sides of the window. Where the RF receiver has one or more designated RF transmitters that do not change in position, the RF receiver may not have to communicate the position and instructions for power transmission to the RF transmitter. In some embodiments, the wireless receiver and/or wireless transmitter may be a component of a window controller (ie, an onboard window controller) that is part of the EC window. In some implementations, the onboard controller may be positioned on the window panel of the IGU, eg, on a surface accessible from inside a building. In the case of, for example, the IGU having two louvers, the onboard controller may be provided on the surface S4. In some implementations, the onboard controller may be positioned between the windows in the IGU. For example, the onboard controller may be in the secondary seal of the IGU, but with a control panel on the outward surface (eg, S1 or S4 of the IGU). In other cases, the onboard controller may be spaced from the window (eg, engageable) and read the wafer associated with the engagement. In these embodiments, an onboard controller is field configurable for a particular window, which is associated with a particular window by mating with the adapter and reading the chip in the adapter. In some embodiments, the onboard controller is substantially within the thickness of the IGU so that the controller does not protrude much into the interior of the building (or the outside environment). Details of various embodiments of an onboard window controller can be found in US patent application Ser. No. 14/951,410, filed November 24, 2015, entitled "SELF-CONTAINED EC IGU," which is incorporated by reference in its entirety. manner is incorporated herein. To improve wireless transmissions, RF transmitters can use directional antenna designs, where the RF transmissions are directed at the receiver. Directional RF antennas include designs such as Yagi, log-periodic, corner reflector, patch, and parabolic antennas. In some cases, the antenna structure can be configured to transmit waves in a particular polarization. For example, the antenna may have vertical or horizontal polarization, right-hand or left-hand polarization, or elliptical polarization. Elsewhere herein, transmitters and receivers configured for RF transmission (electromagnetic radiation with frequencies between about 3 kHz and about 300 GHz) are referred to as RF transmitters and RF receivers. In some embodiments, the RF transmitter and/or the RF receiver includes an array of antenna elements. For example, an RF transmitter may include an array of antenna elements that operate independently of each other to transmit controlled three-dimensional radio frequency waves that can be converged in space. The waves can be controlled to form constructive interference patterns or pockets of energy at the location where the receiver is positioned via phase and/or amplitude adjustments. In certain embodiments, the antenna array covers a surface area of about 1 to 4 square feet on a flat or parabolic panel. The antenna elements may be arranged in columns, rows or any other arrangement. In general, a higher number of antennas allows for stronger directional control of the transmitted power. In some cases, the antenna array includes more than about 200 structures, and in some cases, the antenna array may consist of more than about 400 structures. In multipath embodiments, multiple transmission paths that can be used simultaneously between the RF transmitter and the RF receiver can be used to reduce power transmitted along any one path, eg, to reduce power below a predefined level electricity. Various transmission paths can reach the receiver by reflection off walls and other stationary objects. In some cases, the RF transmitter may transmit power along 5 to 10 paths (in some cases, along 5 or more paths, and in some cases, along 10 or more paths). A typical RF transmitter may be capable of delivering about 10 watts of power to a single receiver positioned in close proximity to the transmitter (eg, less than 10 feet from the transmitter). If multiple devices are powered simultaneously, or if the RF receiver is located at a greater distance from the RF transmitter, the power delivered to each receiver may be reduced. For example, if power is simultaneously delivered to four RF receivers that are 10 to 15 feet apart, the power delivered at each RF receiver can be reduced to 1 to 3 watts. In some implementations, the RF transmitter includes one or more radio frequency integrated circuits (RFICs), where each RFIC adjusts the phase and/or magnitude of RF transmissions from one or more antennas to control transmission. In a particular embodiment, each RFIC receives instructions for controlling one or more antennas from a microcontroller containing instructions for determining how the antennas should be controlled to be at the location of the one or more RF receivers The logic of forming energy pockets. In some examples, the location of one or more RF receivers may be communicated to the transmitter by a network of antennas using geographic location and positioning methods such as US Patent No. 24, 2016, entitled "WINDOW ANTENNAS" The method described in Application No. 62/340,936, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In some examples, the location of one or more RF receivers can be manually determined during installation and the RF transmitter can be configured to transmit the location of the receivers. In order to receive information related to the transfer of wireless power to electrochromic windows or other devices, the RF transmitter may be configured to communicate with a network of window antennas or may, for example, provide receiver location information and other information related to power transmission. another network communication. In certain embodiments, the RF transmitter includes components for wireless communication via protocols such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, Zigbee, EnOcean, and the like. In certain embodiments, the same hardware used for wireless power transfer may also be used for communication (eg, Bluetooth or Wi-Fi). In certain embodiments, the antenna of the transmitter can use multi-mode for both power transmission and communication with RF transmission simultaneously. In some embodiments, the RF transmitter may use a guess-and-check method to determine the location of the RF receiver, which is also configured for wireless communication. To perform the guess check method, the RF transmitter first transmits a plurality of power transmissions, where each transmission corresponds to a different location in 3D space, thus performing a rough sweep of the RF receiver in close proximity to the RF transmitter. If the receiver receives power, the receiver then communicates with the transmitter to confirm successful power transfer. In some cases, the RF transmitter is also informed of the quality of the power received by the receiver. The RF transmitter may then repeat the guesswork test for a plurality of points in 3D space that are in close proximity to the successful power transfer point to determine the best transmission settings for wirelessly delivering power to the RF receiver. In some embodiments, the RF transmitter includes an array of planar inverted-F antennas (PIFA) integrated with artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) metamaterials. PIFA designs can provide a small size factor, and AMC metamaterials can provide artificial magnetic reflectors to guide the orientation of emitted energy waves. Additional information on how PIFA antennas can be used with AMC metamaterials to form transmitters can be found in US patent application entitled "Integrated Antenna Arrays for Wireless Power Transfer" published on January 21, 2016 (Publication No. 20160020647 ), the patent application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. picture 5Description RF Transmitter 500components. The RF transmitter consists of a housing 501Enclosed, the housing may be made of any suitable material (eg, plastic or hard rubber) that does not substantially impede the transmission of electromagnetic waves. in the shell 501inside, the RF transmitter 500Contains one or more antennas 502, the one or more antennas may be used to transmit radio frequency waves in a bandwidth that, for example, complies with Federal Communications Commission (or other governmental regulatory agency for wireless communications) regulations. RF transmitter 500further include one or more RFICs 503, at least one microcontroller 504and components for wireless communication 505. RF transmitter 500Connect to power 506, the power source is usually the wired power infrastructure of the building. In some cases, components for wireless communication 505A micro-positioning chip may be included that allows the position of the RF transmitter to be determined by a network of antennas communicating via pulse-based ultra-wideband (UWB) technology (ECMA-368 and ECMA-369). When the receiver is equipped with a micropositioning chip, the relative position of the device with the receiver can be determined to within 10 cm, and in some cases within 5 cm. In other cases, components used for wireless communication 505An RFID tag or another similar device may be included. Wireless power receivers (eg, RF receivers) can be positioned in close proximity to the transmitter in a variety of locations for receiving wireless power transmissions, such as locations within the same room as the transmitter. In the case of a receiver paired to an electrochromic IGU, the receiver may be an onboard receiver that is structurally attached to the IGU. The onboard receiver can be positioned in the window controller, in a box attached to the window controller, positioned next to the IGU (eg, within the frame of the window assembly), or a short distance from the IGU , but electrically connected to the window controller. In some cases, the onboard receiver may be positioned within the secondary seal or within the spacer of the IGU. In some implementations, the antenna of the airborne receiver is positioned on one or more windows of the IGU. By placing the antenna on the surface of the window pane, the antenna is typically positioned at an unobstructed vantage point in the room and can receive power transmission via both sides of the IGU. In certain implementations, an onboard receiver is positioned on the window and wired to a window controller positioned in a pod in the wall. The pods in the walls can be made serviceable. For example, during installation, a dongle with a window controller can be lowered into a recess in the wall. In certain implementations, the airborne receiver is built on a non-conductive substrate, such as a flexible printed circuit board, to which the antenna elements are printed, etched, or laminated, and the airborne receiver is attached Connect to the surface of the window of the IGU. In some implementations, when one or more IGUs are configured to wirelessly receive power from the transmitter, the transmitter is also configured to wirelessly power additional electronic devices such as laptops or other mobile devices . picture 6To show a wireless RF receiver that can be used with electrochromic windows 600block diagram of the structure. Similar to RF transmitters, RF receivers include antennas that can be connected to rectifiers in series, parallel, or in combination 602one or more of them. In operation, the antenna elements 602passed and received to the rectifier circuit 603The AC signal corresponding to the AC RF wave, the rectifier circuit converts the AC voltage into a DC voltage. The DC voltage is then passed to a power converter such as a DC-DC converter 604, the power converter is used to provide a rated voltage output. Depending on the situation, the receiver 600further comprising or connected to an energy storage device such as a battery or supercapacitor 606, the energy storage device stores energy for later use. In the case of a window's onboard receiver, the receiver 600and/or energy storage devices 606Can be connected to powered devices 607, the powered device may include one or more of a window controller, a window antenna, a sensor associated with the window, and an electrochromic device. When the RF receiver includes or is connected to an energy storage device, a microcontroller or other suitable processor logic may be used to determine that the power received is from the powered device 607Immediately use or store in an energy storage device 606for later use. For example, if the RF receiver harvests more energy than is currently required by the powered device (eg, to stain the window), the excess energy may be stored in the battery. Optionally, the RF receiver 600May further include wireless communication interfaces or modules configured to communicate with window networks, antenna networks, BMS, etc. 608. Use this communication interface or module to communicate with the receiver 600An associated microcontroller or other control logic may request power to be transferred from the transmitter. In some embodiments, the RF receiver includes a micropositioning chip that communicates via pulse-based ultra-wideband (UWB) technology (ECMA-368 and ECMA-369), thereby allowing the position of the RF receiver to be determined by, for example, Provide the position to the transmitter window or antenna network for determination. Other types of positioning devices or systems may be used to assist the RF transmitter and associated transmission logic in wirelessly delivering power to the appropriate location (the location of the receiver). In some cases, the RF receiver 600some or all of the components are housed in the housing 601In this case, the housing may be made of any suitable material that allows electromagnetic transmission, such as plastic or hard rubber. In one case, the RF receiver shares the housing with the window controller. In some examples, the wireless communication component 608, microcontroller 605,converter 604and energy storage devices 606Shared functionality with other window controller operations. As explained, a receiver (eg, an RF receiver) may have components that provide location information and/or command the transmitter to transmit power. In some examples, the receiver or a nearby associated component (such as an electrochromic window or window controller) provides the location of the receiver and/or commands the transmitter where the power transmission is to be sent. In some embodiments, the transmitter cannot rely on instructions from the receiver to determine power transfer. For example, a transmitter may be configured during installation to send power transmission to one or more receivers corresponding to placement of one or more receivers at fixed locations or movable locations that are repositioned at specified time intervals Specify the location. In another example, the instructions for power transfer may be sent by a module or component other than the receiver (eg, by a BMS or a remote device operated by a user). In yet another example, the instructions for power transfer can be determined from data collected from sensors, such as photoelectric sensors and temperature sensors, from which a relationship to the power requirements of the electrochromic window can be obtained . An antenna array of an RF receiver may include antenna elements with distinct polarizations (eg, vertical or horizontal polarization, right-hand or left-hand polarization, or elliptical polarization). When there is an RF transmitter transmitting an RF signal with a known polarization, the RF receiver may have antenna elements of matching polarization. Where the orientation of the RF transmission is unknown, the antenna element can have multiple polarizations. In certain embodiments, the RF receiver includes an antenna element array (also referred to as an antenna array) comprising between about 20 and 100 antenna elements, which as a group are capable of converting about 5 volts to 10 The volts are delivered to the powered device. In some cases, the RF receiver has an array of antenna elements in the form of patch antennas having length and width dimensions. In one example, the length and width of the patch antenna range between about 1 mm and about 25 mm. The patch antenna can be positioned on the transparent substrate of the EC window. Using an array of antennas (transmitters and/or receivers) on a transparent substrate provides bidirectional transmission and can achieve unobstructed transmission since windows are typically positioned in unobstructed points in the room. picture 7for glass substrate 701patch antenna 705Photo. In other cases, other antenna designs are used, including meta-material antennas and dipole antennas. In some examples, the spacing between the antennas of the RF receiver is extremely small; for example, between 5 nm and 15 nm. Antennas for higher frequencies in the gigahertz range are relatively small, eg, 2 inches to 3 inches in either direction. Wireless power transfer configuration enables powering of windows that cannot otherwise be achieved. For example, in some systems, mains (eg, 24 V mains) are used to deliver power throughout the building, intermediate lines (often referred to as service lines) connect local window controllers to the mains, and The window wiring connects the window controller to the window. According to one aspect, the EC windows are powered by wireless power transfer, and each window includes a terminal power storage device. In this case, the mains need not be at the EC window. Wireless power transfer enables building power systems that could not otherwise be achieved. For example, in some building systems, mains (eg, 24 V mains) are used to deliver power throughout the building, and intermediate lines (often referred to as service lines) connect local window controllers to the mains , and the window wiring connects the window controller to the window. According to one aspect, certain EC windows are powered by wireless power transfer, and each window includes a local power storage device for storing power until needed. In this case, the mains need not be at the EC window. The local power storage device may optionally have a charging mechanism, such as a trickle charging mechanism. The charging mechanism may be based on wireless power transfer or wired. In general, the use of wireless power (and communication) transmission eliminates the need for expensive cables that can carry both power and communication. IV. Some Examples of Wireless Power Transmission Network Configurations Electrochromic windows are often part of a large window network in which power transmission is coupled to the network infrastructure. Because window networks can have various sizes and applications, there can be various configurations in which wireless power can be implemented within a window network. In some cases, nearly a segment between nodes of the power transmission network may be wireless, and in some cases, there may be multiple cascaded segments of the power transmission network, in which segments, Power is transmitted wirelessly. Window networks can also interface with other networks or devices to which power can be transmitted or received. For illustrative purposes, several configurations of power transmission networks in buildings will now be described. These configurations are not intended to be limiting. For example, additional configurations may include combinations of configurations described below or elsewhere herein. Although these illustrative examples are given in the context of buildings, those skilled in the art will readily understand how similar configurations may be implemented for applications such as automobiles, airplanes, boats, trains, and the like. In each of these configurations, the device to be wirelessly powered (eg, a window or mobile device) has a receiver, which may be part of a single component or may be a separate component. In addition to receiving wireless power, the receiver may also be configured to send and/or receive communication signals. For example, a receiver may be configured to broadcast an omnidirectional beacon signal received by a wireless power transmitter (eg, by reflection off a surface or direct propagation). These signals received by the transmitter can be used to inform the wireless power transmitter of the path used to transmit the wireless power back to the device to be charged. configuration I In a first power delivery network configuration, one or more electrochromic windows and/or one or more other devices (eg, mobile devices) in the window network are each configured with a receiver that receives The transmitter is used to receive wireless power broadcast from a remote transmitter (eg, a remote transmitter acting as a stand-alone base station). The remote transmitter is wired to the building's electrical infrastructure and/or has its own power source. Typically, each receiver will have an energy storage device in which the wirelessly transmitted power can be stored until the power is used by the electrochromic window and/or device. By supplying power to operate the window from an energy storage device such as a battery, the power can be wirelessly transmitted at levels lower than those required for operation of the electrochromic window or mobile device. While the windows are described in the many examples herein as being in the form of IGUs, other implementations may include windows in the form of stacked structures. An embodiment of this first power transmission network configuration is described in picture 4middle. like picture 4shown in the single transmitter 401Can be configured to deliver power delivery to a specific set of EC windows, e.g., a room 404receiver 402EC window 406. In one implementation, specify the transport 401Can also be configured for additional electronic mobile devices 403(such as a phone, tablet or laptop). In some embodiments, such as when inductive coupling is used as described elsewhere herein, the far-end transmitter may be very close to the receiver (eg, less than 6 inches), while in other cases, such as when using RF or microwave to When transmitting power wirelessly, the remote transmitter can be farther (eg, 15 to 30 feet) away from its intended receiver. In the latter case, the transmitter may be positioned in or on the wall or ceiling (eg picture 4shown in) or on a shelf, table or floor of the space. In some cases, a window network may have multiple transmitters, where the transmitters are configured such that each receiver receives power from only one transmitter. Transmitter. In some cases, two or more transmitters may be configured to broadcast wireless power transmission to a single receiver. In some implementations described herein, the transmitter is an RF transmitter manufactured by companies such as Powercast Corporation, Energous Corporation, or the Cota™ system manufactured by Ossia™. In certain cases, the RF transmitter may initially receive an omnidirectional beacon signal broadcast from the receiver of the device to be wirelessly powered. By calculating the phase of each of the incident waves of the beacon signal, the transmitter can determine the location of the receiver of the device to be wirelessly powered, thereby informing the directionality of the RF power transfer. In some cases, the far-end transmitter may broadcast power along the reflection of each of the incident waves of the beacon signal. In other cases, the far-end transmitter may broadcast power along, for example, the best reflected path of the incident wave with the strongest signal received by the RF transmitter. In such cases, the far-end transmitter may broadcast the focused RF waves along a plurality of different beam paths, each of which may reflect off before reaching the receiver of the device to be wirelessly powered Surfaces (eg, walls and ceilings) so that power can be transmitted around obstacles between the remote transmitter and the receiver of the device to be wirelessly powered. By transmitting power along multiple paths, the power transmitted along each path can be significantly less than the total power wirelessly transferred to the receiver. In other cases, the RF receiver of the device to be wirelessly powered broadcasts multiple one-way beacon signals in different directions at different times. An RF transmitter receives the unidirectional beacon signal(s) and is configured to calculate the phase of each of the incident waves of the beacon signal to determine the directionality of the path of RF power transmission and/or the receiver the location. In one implementation, the remote RF transmitter may broadcast power along the path (eg, reflected path or direct propagation path) of each of the incident waves of the beacon signal. In another implementation, the far-end transmitter may broadcast power along a particular optimized path of the incident wave with the strongest beacon signal received by the RF transmitter, for example. In this implementation, the transmitted power may depend on the number of optimized paths. In any of these implementations, the far-end transmitter may broadcast focused RF waves along a plurality of Baud beam paths. Some of these paths can reflect off surfaces (eg, walls and ceilings) before reaching the receiver of the device to be wirelessly powered, so that power can be transmitted around obstacles between the remote transmitter and the powered device . By transmitting power along multiple paths, the power transmitted along each path can be significantly less than the total power wirelessly transferred to the receiver of the powered device. Another embodiment of this first power transmission network configuration is described in picture 13Aand picture 13Bmiddle. In the embodiment illustrated here, the transmitter is shown with a transmitter acting as an independent base station 1310(e.g., RF transmitter) room 1301top view. Transmitter or Standalone Base Station 1310Configured to wirelessly connect to the IGU 1320to power and/or to other devices with receivers, such as mobile devices shown as mobile phones 1430), but other mobile devices may be implemented. Similar embodiments with separate base stations can be implemented to power, for example, the curtain wall of an IGU in a room. picture 13Aand picture 13BShowing room configured for wireless power transfer 1301Schematic of the top view of the room including the RF transmitter or stand-alone base station 1310. Room 1301Includes two IGUs 1320, these IGUs run along walls and mobile devices in the form of mobile phones 1330. Although not shown, other devices with receivers may be in the room 1301middle. IGU 1320Each of these has a receiver (eg, an RF receiver) configured on the glass of the IGU 1322. In other implementations, the receiver 1322Can be located at IGU 1320In (e.g., positioned in the secondary seal of the IGU), in or on the frame element or adjacent to the IGU 1320in or on the wall. mobile device 1330With receivers such as RF receivers. RF Transmitter or Standalone Base Station 1310Can be connected to the building's electrical infrastructure and/or have an internal power source. RF Transmitter or Standalone Base Station 1310Configured to convert electrical power to electromagnetic transmission. such as IGU 1320and mobile devices 1330The device has at least one associated receiver configured to transmit data from an independent base station 1310The electromagnetic transmissions are converted into electrical signals to power their associated devices with available electrical energy and power. In the illustrated example, the independent base station 1310positioned in the room 1301in the corner. According to a certain aspect similar to picture 4Another implementation of the illustrated example, in order to reduce losses in power transmission caused by absorption and reflection of electromagnetic waves (especially in the case of RF waves), the standalone base station may be placed in a central location, such as in the middle of a ceiling or the center of the wall, which can have to 1301The receiver in the middle has a clearer line of sight (less obstruction). picture 13Ashown in RF transmitter or stand-alone base station 1310In self-broadcasting automatic device 1330Example when the receiver's omnidirectional beacon signal receives the incident wave. In some cases, the user can use the mobile device 1330application to request the initiation of wireless charging, which causes the mobile device 1330A substantially omnidirectional beacon signal is broadcast. three arrows 1340Shown along the waves of the omnidirectional beacon signal from the room 1301successfully reach the independent base station when reflected from the wall 1310The direction of the substantially omnidirectional beacon signal of the path. by computing at the independent base station 1310The phase of the wave received at the location can be determined from the RF transmitter or the independent base station 1310The corresponding direction of power transmission. three arrows 1350Show along back to mobile device 1330The direction of the return path of the power transmission to the receiver. arrow 1340and arrow 1350Describes how the direction of the wave of the received beacon signal can be used to determine the power used to wirelessly deliver power to the mobile device 1330the pathway. receiver 1322Can be in or on the window controller, or otherwise with the IGU 1320Associated. In this instance, the receiver 1322Also configured to broadcast a substantially unidirectional beacon signal for RF transmitters or stand-alone base stations 1310Provides a transmission path for wireless power transfer. If the base station 1310is moved, or the window or associated power receiver moves, the beacon method can be a useful reconfiguration method since wireless power transmissions can be updated automatically. picture 13BShow RF Transmitter or Standalone Base Station 1310In self-broadcasting from IGU 1320one of the receivers 1322An example of an omnidirectional beacon signal when an incident wave is received. The instantaneous energy path, power and beacon signals (shown in picture 13Aand picture 13B) can occur simultaneously or at different times. exist picture 13Bmedium, three arrows 1340Shows the direction along the return path of power transmission back to the receiver of the mobile device, shows the direction along the beacon signal from the room 1301successfully reach the RF transmitter or stand-alone base station when reflected from the wall 1310The direction of the beacon signal of the channel. By calculating the phase of each of the incident waves of the omnidirectional beacon signal, the path of power transmission can be determined. three arrows 1350shown along the power transmission back to the IGU 1320one of the receivers 1322the direction of the return path. Another embodiment of this first power transmission network configuration is shown in picture 2Bmiddle. like picture 2Bshown in the window with receiver 204self-transmitter 202To receive power, the window is electrically connected to an additional window 205, so that these additional windows receive power through the windows with receivers. in about picture 2BIn the described embodiment, the window 204It is not necessary to be at the end of a linear chain of windows, for example, the window may be anywhere in a linear chain of windows, or, for example, serve as a link to other windows in star network topologies, ring network topologies, and the like Central receiver hub ( picture 2not shown). Fully interconnected (mesh) wireless power networks of windows are also within the scope of embodiments herein, eg, in embodiments where each window includes a wireless power transmitter and receiver. For example, an external power transmitter remote from the grid of windows transmits power to one or more of the windows in the grid. The one or more of the networks may in turn transmit power and/or receive power from other windows in the network. This configuration can increase cost, but allows for greater flexibility in the power supply scheme and redundancy for possible blocking of wireless power signals. configuration II In a second power delivery network configuration, one or more of the electrochromic windows of the network has a transmitter and can act as a base station configured to wirelessly power the device. For example, an IGU with a wireless power transmitter can act as an IGU base station that powers other IGUs and/or devices such as mobile devices. Each IGU base station (also referred to herein as a "source window" or "window base station") has an associated transmitter that is configured to wirelessly transfer power to the receiver. In general, an IGU base station serves devices with receivers that are within a predefined range of a wireless transmitter at the IGU. The receivers can also be configured to transmit substantially omnidirectional beacon signals. In one implementation, the curtain wall has one or more wirelessly powered base station IGUs configured to wirelessly transfer power to other counter-equipped IGUs in the curtain wall. Generally, the receiving electrochromic window or device has an energy storage device in which the power transmitted wirelessly can be stored until the power is used by the electrochromic device or other device such as a mobile device. By supplying power to operate the window or device from an energy storage device such as a battery, the power can be wirelessly transmitted at a level lower than that required for operation of the electrochromic window or mobile device. In some cases, the wireless power transfer window may also include photovoltaic power sources, such as integrated transparent PV films and/or power feeds from remote PV arrays. Additionally or alternatively, the electrochromic window and/or window controller may also receive power from a conventional power supply. One implementation of the second power transmission network configuration is described in picture 8middle. In the example illustrated here, the window network 800with electrochromic window 810(In this example, connected to the central power supply 820), the electrochromic windows are configured with transmitters to wirelessly broadcast power to other electronic devices 803 .electronic device 803Each is equipped with a remote wireless receiver, such as cellular and laptop devices in close proximity to the window network. In some cases, the transmitter may be positioned within the window controller. In some cases, the transmitter may be attached to a window frame, in a window frame, in a secondary seal to an IGU, in a spacer between IGUs, or in close proximity to a window (eg, on a nearby wall). In some cases, such as when using RF to transmit power wirelessly, the antenna array of the transmitter may be on the surface (eg, viewable portion) of the window pane, as described elsewhere herein. In some embodiments, the transmitter can be configured to broadcast the power signal out on both sides of the window. Windows configured to transmit wireless power can be wired through buildings 820or, in some cases, the windows may be powered wirelessly, such as by inductive coupling. Depending on the situation, the window network 800Also includes additional electrochromic windows 811, the electrochromic windows are not configured with wireless power transmitters. In the illustrated example, the additional electrochromic windows 811Electrically connected to the electrochromic window via wires 810to receive power. In another implementation, additional electrochromic windows 811Can additionally or alternatively have a self-electrochromic window configured to 810A receiver that receives wireless power transmissions. Another embodiment of the second power transmission network configuration is described in picture 14Aand picture 14Bmiddle. picture 14Aand picture 14AShowing room configured for wireless power transfer 1401The schematic diagram of the top view. In the illustrated example, the room 1401Includes two IGUs 1421, the IGUs have transmitters (eg, RF transmitters) in the first wall that act as IGU base stations 1425. Room 1401Also includes IGUs in opposing walls 1420, the IGU has a receiver for receiving wireless power 1422(eg RF receiver). two transmitters 1425Configured to wirelessly communicate with another IGU 1420and/or other devices (such as mobile devices) with receivers (eg, RF receivers) 1430)powered by. Although mobile devices 1430Shown here as a mobile phone, it should be understood that other mobile devices may be implemented. IGU 1421Transmitter 1425Can be connected to the building's electrical infrastructure and/or have an internal power source. Transmitter 1425Configured to convert electrical power into electromagnetic transmissions, the electromagnetic transmissions are received by one or more receivers that convert the wireless power into electrical current to power their associated devices. picture 14Ashow transmitter 1425Automatic device 1430Example when receiving incoming waves. According to one aspect, the user can use the mobile device 1430application to request the initiation of wireless charging, which causes the mobile device 1430A substantially omnidirectional beacon signal is generated. four arrows 1440Shown along the beacon signal from the room 1401successfully reach the transmitter when reflected from the wall 1425The direction of the beacon signal of several paths. by computing at the transmitter 1425The phase of the incident wave received at the location can determine the corresponding path of power transmission. four arrows 1450Shown can be used to wirelessly transfer power to a mobile device 1430the return path. picture 14Bshow transmitter 1425In self-broadcasting and self-placement at IGU 1420receiver 1422An example of a substantially omnidirectional beacon signal when an incident wave is received. picture 14Aand picture 14BThe events shown in can occur simultaneously or at different times. exist picture 14Bmiddle, arrow 1440Shows that the route has successfully reached the transmitter 1425the transmitter 1425The direction of the omnidirectional beacon signal of the six paths. In some cases, these paths can reflect off walls or other objects, and in other cases, these paths can be directly at the receiver 1422with transmitter 1425travel between. By calculating the phase of each of the incident waves, the path of power transmission can be determined. arrow 1440and 1450Shows how power can be transmitted back along the same path as the received beacon signal to deliver wireless power to the IGU 1420the receiver 1422. configuration III In a third power transmission network configuration, the window network has one or more source windows (also referred to herein as "window base stations" or "IGU base stations") and one or more receive windows. The one or more source windows are configured to distribute power wirelessly to the window network. Typically, the source windows are configured to receive power wirelessly (eg, via RF or inductive coupling) from the building's electrical infrastructure, either by wire or from a transmitter. Additional receive windows in the window network are powered via receivers that convert wireless power transfer from one or more of the source windows back into electrical energy. Typically, the receiver has an associated energy storage device in which the wirelessly transmitted power can be stored until power is required to enable the power to be transmitted at a lower level than may be required for the transition of the operating window. According to one aspect, a window network can have one or more windows with both receivers and transmitters, such that the windows can perform both wireless power transmission reception and broadcast. An embodiment of a third power transmission network configuration is described in picture 9middle. like picture 9shown in the window network 900have one or more source windows 910, the one or more source windows are used to wirelessly distribute power to a network of windows and, for example, mobile devices or other devices with receivers in the space. window network 900Has two wireless power distribution areas 930and 931, the regions may, for example, represent regions where the source window can efficiently allocate wireless power. As shown, there may be some overlap (common space) of these regions in which one or more windows may be derived from the source window 910Either or both effectively receive power. Consider the window network 900area of 930, the network has additional windows configured to receive power from source windows on the network 911. Window that receives power wirelessly, although not shown 911One or more additional windows can be electrically connected by wires such that each additional window receives power by connecting to a receiver (as described in picture 2Bmiddle window 204and 205Described). Consider the window network 900area of 931, the network also has windows 912, the windows have both receivers and transmitters so that the windows can perform both wireless power transmission reception and broadcast. By having the ability to receive and send power, these windows can be daisy-chained together so that each window becomes a power node in a wireless power distribution network, thereby increasing the amount of power that can be transmitted wirelessly from it originating from the source window. distance of electricity. In this sense, each window configured with a receiver and transmitter can be considered as a power repeater that rebroadcasts the power signal to the next window and uses the energy already stored in the energy storage The energy in the device complements the power received. When daisy-chaining windows together, the electrical wiring required for window operation can be greatly reduced, for example, by a factor of 10 compared to a standard electrochromic window network. This reduced wiring may be beneficial in applications such as when retrofitting older structures with electrochromic windows that do not have adequate electrical infrastructure in certain locations. Another advantage of using this configuration is that the window network can also be used to distribute power to other electronic devices within the building with remote wireless receivers, potentially eliminating the need for a wired distribution network within the structure. exist picture 10In another implementation of the third power delivery network configuration shown in the electrochromic window 1000curtain wall system via a single source window 1020powered by. window 1020Accessible to power 1010A wired connection to receive power, or the window can receive power wirelessly. Using magnetic induction as described elsewhere herein, the transmitter 1370and receiver 1360used for curtain wall windows 1030(virtually) daisy-chain the remaining windows, so that the remaining windows pass through the source window 1020to receive power. A daisy chain is a wireless chain in this sense, and in this example, the window 1020is a divergent node that has two transmitters from its origin through 1370of two daisy chains. In some embodiments, the transmitter 1370and receiver 1 360Positioned in the secondary seal of each window, in some embodiments, the transmitter and receiver are positioned in the frame between each window. In some embodiments, the power transfer between the windows in the curtain wall occurs by some other means, such as electrostatic induction or radio waves. configuration IV In a fourth power transmission network configuration, as described elsewhere herein (eg, picture 3Bto picture 3Gdescribed in), using inductive coupling to transfer power wirelessly from the window frame to the IGU. By wirelessly transferring power across the glazing slot, the space required in the glazing slot for wiring and electronic components to power the EC window can be eliminated. This is advantageous in a market where glazing slot depths are decreasing in order to maximize the viewable area of each window. In addition to passing through the glazing slot, the time-varying magnetic field can also pass through the window frame, glazing block, spacer (eg, if the receiver is positioned within the spacer), or window glass (eg, if the receiver is positioned within the spacer) A material in the IGU and the transmitter outside the IGU, such as aluminum or foam, for example, towards glass wool that transmits wireless power. An embodiment of a fourth power transmission network configuration is described in picture 11middle. picture 11The window shown in includes at IGU 1103with window frame 1375setting blocks between 1165. frame 1375with embedded transmitter 1137, the transmitter is made of stainless steel or can substantially block the transfer of time-varying magnetic fields to the receiver 1136of another material. In the illustrated example, the frame 1375in the transmitter 1137The part between and the glass recess is removed and a key made of a material that allows the transfer of magnetic energy (eg plastic) is used 1110replace. In some cases, the key 1110It is inserted into the frame during manufacture of the window frame. In other cases, such as in trim applications where the window frame is reused, a portion of the frame may be cut away prior to installation of the IGU to create space for the transmitter and key. In the illustrated example, the transmitter 1137Having an exposed surface (from the perspective of the apertures formed by cutting holes in the window frame) from which energy transmission can radiate. The exposed surface may have a protective coating such as a polymer or plastic material. This material can be substantially color matched to the frame (as can the aforementioned keys). In one embodiment of this configuration, the window controller may be attached to the window frame or positioned in close proximity to the window, thus separating the window controller from the IGU. In one embodiment, before powering the IGU via inductive coupling, the window controller first receives power wirelessly by any method disclosed elsewhere herein. By separating the window controller from the IGU, the hardware can be updated more easily. For example, if the IGU needs to be replaced, the window controller may not need to be replaced or removed. On the other hand, if the window controller is updated, the IGU may not need to be replaced or removed. When the window controller is separated from the IGU, the IGU may contain active circuitry to convert the received alternating current to direct current and to control the voltage applied to the bus bars. In one embodiment, the plurality of transmitters may operate out of phase with each other, and passive circuitry may be included in the secondary seal or spacer of the IGU to generate direct current from the plurality of alternating currents in different phases. configuration V In a fifth power transmission network configuration, a remote window controller is connected to a transmitter and controls wireless transmission of the transmitter, wherein the remote window controller is located a distance away from the window. An instance of this configuration is in picture 12shown in the figure, the window controller 1230Connect to the transmitter 1240and controls the wireless power transfer of the transmitter, which leaves the electrochromic window 1210positioned at a distance. In the example illustrated here, the electrochromic window 1210Has passive electronics to deliver power directly to the EC device 1250. Such passive electronic components 1250is electrically connected to a receiver from the remote transmitter 1240Receive wireless transmissions. Typically, in this configuration, the receiver will have an antenna on one surface of the window (eg, on the surface of the electrochromic device coating) for receiving electromagnetic transmissions. In some cases (such as picture 12In the case shown in ), the antenna is a loop antenna that proceeds along the perimeter of the viewable area 1220. The antennas described herein that can be placed on the surface of the window can use methods such as those described in US Patent Application No. 62/340,936, filed May 24, 2016 and entitled "WINDOW ANTENNAS" manufactured, this patent application is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. In a specific implementation of the fifth configuration, the window controller controls the duty cycle and pulse width modulation of transmissions of the same frequency sent from a plurality of antennas (eg, antenna arrays of transmitters) so that the net voltage difference can be transmitted to the bus bar. In some cases, the receiver may be equipped with a plurality of antennas that receive electromagnetic transmissions of different phases such that a net voltage is applied to the bus bars. configuration VI The sixth power transmission network configuration includes both a standalone base station and a window acting as a base station (ie, a window base station (also referred to herein as an "IGU base station" or "source window")). Depending on the needs of the device being powered and the geometry of the space, it may be desirable to have both a standalone base station and a window base station in the area being served. For example, multiple base stations may be required in a room with a transmission blocking obstacle where the transmission blocking obstacle would block transmissions from a single base station located anywhere in the room. Other windows and/or other devices, such as mobile devices or other electronic devices, are configured with receivers to wirelessly receive power broadcast from transmitters in both the stand-alone base station and the window base station. In one aspect, an IGU with a wireless power transmitter can act as an IGU base station, and the IGU base station, along with the standalone base station, can power other IGUs and/or additional devices. For example, a curtain wall can have one or more wirelessly powered base station IGUs that can deliver wireless power to the remainder of the IGUs with receivers in the curtain wall. Devices powered by these IGU base stations typically have receivers with energy storage devices in which the wirelessly transmitted power can be stored until the power is used. By supplying power to operate the IGU from an energy storage device such as a battery, power can be wirelessly transmitted at levels lower than those required for operation of the electrochromic window or mobile device. An embodiment of the components in this sixth power transmission network configuration is described in picture 15Aand picture 15Bmiddle. picture 15Aand picture 15BShowing room configured for wireless power transfer with sixth configuration 1501The schematic diagram of the top view. Room 1501Includes RF transmitter that acts as a standalone base station 1510, and an IGU serving as an IGU base station 1521, the IGU has an RF transmitter mounted on it 1525. The transmitters are connected to the building's electrical infrastructure and/or have an internal power source. In the example illustrated here, the RF transmitter of the stand-alone base station 1510and RF transmitter of IGU base station 1525configured wirelessly to have a receiver 1522other IGUs 1521and/or other devices with receivers (such as mobile devices 1530)powered by. Although mobile devices 1530It is described in terms of a mobile phone, but it should be understood that other mobile devices (eg, laptop devices, tablet devices, etc.) may be implemented. In the example shown, the transmitter of the independent base station 1510positioned in the room 1501in the corner. In another implementation, in order to reduce the losses caused by the absorption and reflection of electromagnetic waves (especially in the case of RF waves) in power transmission, the transmitter of the independent base station 1510Can be placed in a central location, such as preferably with 1501The center of the ceiling or the center of the wall in the line of sight of all receivers. picture 15AShown as a transmitter acting as a standalone base station 1510and the transmitter on/in the IGU acting as the base station of the IGU 1525In self-broadcasting automatic device 1530Example when the receiver's omnidirectional beacon signal receives the incident wave. For example, the user can use the mobile device 1530The application on the device that causes the device to generate a substantially omnidirectional beacon signal requests the initiation of wireless charging. arrow 1540shown along the beacon signal in the room 1501Successfully reached the transmitter while transmitting around 1510, 1525The direction of the substantially omnidirectional beacon signal for several paths. By calculating at each transmitter 1510, 1525The phase of the incident wave received at the location can be determined to be transmitted by each individual transmitter 1510, 1525The corresponding path of the power transmission used. arrow 1550Shown to deliver power wirelessly to a mobile device 1530the direction of the return path. arrow 1540and 1550Shows how the path of the received beacon signal can be used to wirelessly transfer power to the mobile device along the return paths 1530. picture 15Bshow transmitter 1510, 1525In self-broadcasting from IGU 1520one of the receivers 1522An example of a substantially omnidirectional beacon signal when an incident wave is received. picture 15Aand picture 15BThe events shown in can occur simultaneously or at different times. exist picture 15Bmiddle, arrow 1540shows that the two transmitters are successfully reached along the 1510, 1525The direction of the omnidirectional beacon signal for one of several paths. In some cases, these paths may reflect off walls or other objects, and in other cases, these paths may take the direct path between the receiver and transmitter. By calculating the phase of each of the incident waves, the path of power transmission can be determined. arrow 1550Shows how power can be transmitted back along the same path as the received beacon signal to deliver wireless power to the IGU from which the beacon signal was sent 1520the receiver 1522. multiple transmitters In certain implementations, the power transmission network includes a plurality of transmitters. For example, picture 14Aand picture 14BThe power transmission network configuration described in includes two IGUs 1421, the IGU has a transmitter that acts as an IGU base station 1425. As another example, picture 15Aand picture 15BThe power transmission network configuration described in includes the IGU 1521, the IGU has a transmitter that acts as an IGU base station 1525and a remote transmitter that acts as an independent base station 1510. In the case of a single base station in the network, the ability to resolve the exact angle of the received signal can be determined by the directional antenna of the transmitter at the single base station. Configurations with multiple base stations allow for an additional source of reflected signals (or direct signals), which may allow for more accurate determination of: 1) the direction of the paths of the signals; 2) the received signals at greater distances The location of wirelessly powered devices (such as mobile devices or IGUs); and/or 3) the location of other objects in the space. In one embodiment, multiple base stations may be implemented to determine the 3D mapping of space. For example, if the entire skin of a building is filled or substantially filled with source windows, a 3D map can be generated based on the reflected signal (and/or the direct signal). In some cases, the "reflected signal model" can be combined with another position-aware technology (eg, UWB chips in mobile devices) to form a more fault-tolerant positioning system. For example, signals from transmitters at multiple base stations at different locations can be used to triangulate the location of the device, and in some examples illustrate the physical layout of buildings, such as walls and furniture. In addition, the network can utilize data measured by inertial, magnetic, and other sensors on devices within it to improve positioning accuracy. For example, using sensed magnetic information, the orientation of assets within a building can be determined. The orientation of the asset can be used to improve the accuracy of the footprint of the space occupied by the asset. In one case, the determined 3D map can be used to optimize the path for power transmission from the base station in the building. For example, paths that avoid furniture or other objects in the space can be determined. According to a particular implementation, the electrochromic window of a building has a transmitter that can be used as a wireless power transmission source for the building. For electrochromic windows (such as windows in glass curtain walls) that are located between the interior and exterior environments of a building, the windows can be configured to transmit wireless power within and/or outside the building. According to one aspect, the overall skin of the building can be filled with EC windows with transmitters that act as window base stations to provide a source of wireless power throughout the building. According to various implementations, the transmitter may be configured to communicate via various forms of wireless electromagnetic transmission (eg, time-varying electric, magnetic, or electromagnetic fields). Common wireless protocols for electromagnetic communication include, but are not limited to, Bluetooth, BLE, Wi-Fi, RF, and Ultra Wide Band (UWB). The direction of the reflection path and the location of the device can be determined from information about the received transmission at the transmitter, such as the received strength or power, time or phase, frequency, and angle of arrival of the wirelessly transmitted signal. When determining the location of the device based on these metrics, a triangulation algorithm may be implemented which, in some examples, describes the layout of a building, eg, walls and furniture. configured to provide and / or receive an example of a wireless power windowOne aspect of the present disclosure pertains to insulating glass units (IGUs) or other window structures that receive, provide, and/or condition wireless power within a building. In certain implementations, the window structures include at least one antenna for receiving and/or transmitting wireless power. Such window structures, such as those in the form of IGUs, include a plurality of windows. In various implementations, an optically switchable device, such as an electrochromic device, is disposed on at least one of the windows. In certain cases, the antenna is in the form of a window antenna positioned on one or more surfaces of a window structure, such as an IGU. In some cases, the window antenna is in the viewable area of the window structure (ie, the area through which the observer can substantially see through the window in the clear state). In other cases, the window antenna is placed outside the viewable area, eg, on the window frame. In various implementations, an IGU or other window structure with multiple windows includes both an electrochromic device coating and a window antenna. In some cases, the electrochromic device coating and the window antenna layer are co-located on the same surface of the window. In other cases, the electrochromic device coating is on a different surface than the antenna layer. For example, the electrochromic device may be on the surface to the outer side of the inner antenna, or may be placed on the surface to the inner side of the inner antenna. During a typical IGU fabrication sequence, a first window is received into the production line for various fabrication operations, and a second "mate" window is then introduced into the production line for other operations. In various implementations described herein, the IGU includes: a first window having an electrochromic device coating disposed on one surface (eg, S1 or S2); and a second "mating" window (also referred to as an antenna window) having a windowed antenna layer disposed on at least one of its surfaces (eg, S3 and/or S4). In one implementation, the IGU includes a first window having an electrochromic device coating disposed on the inner surface S2, and the mating window has a window antenna disposed on the inner third surface S3 or the fourth surface S4 Floor. In one example, the antenna array is etched from ITO on the S3 surface. Fabricating EC device coatings and antenna layers on different windows provides flexibility during IGU fabrication. For example, mating windows with or without antenna layers can be introduced into the IGU fabrication sequence as desired without changing the overall fabrication sequence. picture 16IGUs configured to receive, provide and/or condition wireless power are shown according to various implementations 1600Isometric view of the corner. Generally, unless otherwise stated, IGU 1600The structure can represent any of the window structures described above. IGU 1600Including a first window with a first surface S1 and a second surface S2 1602. IGU 1600further comprising a second mating window having a third surface S3 and a fourth surface S4 1604. first window 1602and the second pair of windows 1604Shown attached to frame structure 1606. Although not shown, the IGU 1600Also included in the first window 1602with second paired windows 1604A spacer in between, encapsulant between the spacer and the first and second windows, and/or various other IGU structures. IGU 1600Shown as typically mounted with the first surface S1 facing the external environment and the fourth surface S4 facing the internal environment. at IGU 1600During a typical manufacturing process, the first window can be 1602Storing into production lines for various manufacturing operations and then introducing a second mating window 1604to be used to complete the IGU 1600other operations. exist picture 16IGU shown in 1600In one implementation, the electrochromic device coating is positioned on the first window 1602on the second surface S2, and the antenna layer is positioned on the second paired window 1604on one or both of the third surface S3 and the fourth surface S4. Certain embodiments use the antenna as part of the window controller, or use the antenna with the window controller and the window network. Among the components that can be used with these embodiments are: an antenna associated with the IGU; a window controller associated with the IGU and connected to the antenna; a window network connected to the window controller; and Logic for selectively providing wireless power. Some embodiments allow certain mobile devices and windows to receive wireless power via antennas in buildings. Such embodiments may be designed or configured to couple devices to antennas for various wireless power services. These embodiments also allow building management (or other entities controlling the window network) to allow or restrict wireless power transfer based on device, location, and the like. Some embodiments may permit controlled deployment of wireless power services within buildings, particularly in rooms or other areas near windows with antennas. These services may be selectively turned on or off by the building manager or other entity authorized to control access to the services. Due to this control, an entity can give specific tenants or devices access to wireless power services. Controlling wireless power may be implemented such that some or all areas of a building default to not having wireless power transmission, but permit transmission when a known device is detected to have entered the building or a particular location in the building. This detection may be based on GPS, UWB or other suitable technology. Similarly, wireless power transfer can be turned on when the building tenant or mobile device owner has paid to activate the service. In some embodiments, a building may be equipped with a combination of windows configured to receive and/or transmit wireless power transmission and windows that do not have this capability. For example, the 20th floor of a building may have windows that are not wireless power capable, while the 1st floor, which has a cafe, has windows that are wireless power capable. In another example, each floor may be equipped with a combination of windows with and without wireless power capability, eg, every other window may have wireless power capability, or every second window may have wireless power capability. In some embodiments, the building may have windows for providing wireless power, and the service of the windows may be controlled by the building manager. For example, building managers may provide wireless power services to building tenants on an additional fee basis. Since buildings can have a combination of windows (with and without an antenna layer), there is an antenna layer on the mating windows (S3 and/or S4) and an EC device coating on the first window (eg, S1 or S2) The layer implementation is particularly advantageous because it allows flexibility in introducing mating windows with or without wireless power capability into the general EC IGU fabrication sequence. The characteristics of the antenna are described in International PCT Publication No. WO2017/062915 (International Patent Application No. PCT/US2016) filed on October 7, 2017 and entitled "ANTENNA CONFIGURATIONS FOR WIRELESS POWER AND COMMUNICATION, AND SUPPLEMENTAL VISUAL SIGNALS" /056188) and International Patent Application No. PCT/US2017/031106, filed on May 4, 2017 and entitled "WINDOW ANTENNAS"; each of these patent applications is incorporated by reference in its entirety. into this article. While the foregoing invention has been described in detail to facilitate understanding, the described embodiments are to be regarded as illustrative and not restrictive. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that certain changes and modifications can be practiced within the scope of the appended claims. In one or more aspects, one or more of the described functions can be implemented in hardware, digital electronic circuits, analog electronic circuits, computer software, firmware (including the structures disclosed in this specification and their structural equivalents) thing) or any combination thereof. Specific implementations of the subject matter described in this document may also be implemented as one or more controllers, computer programs, or physical structures, eg, one or more modules of computer program instructions encoded on a computer storage medium The above is performed by the window controller, the network controller and/or the antenna controller, or controls the operation of the window controller, the network controller and/or the antenna controller. Any of the disclosed implementations presented as or for electrochromic windows may be implemented more generally as or for switchable optics (including windows, mirrors, etc.) . Various modifications to the embodiments described in this disclosure may be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other implementations without departing from the spirit or scope of this disclosure . Thus, the scope of the claims is not intended to be limited to the implementations shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with this disclosure, the principles and novel features disclosed herein. Additionally, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the terms "upper" and "lower" are sometimes used to facilitate the description of the figures and to indicate relative positions corresponding to the orientation of the figures on a properly oriented page, and may not will reflect the proper orientation of the implemented device. Certain features that are described in this specification in the context of separate implementations can also be implemented in combination in a single implementation. Conversely, various features that are described in the context of a single implementation can also be implemented in multiple implementations separately or in any suitable subcombination. Furthermore, although features may be described above as functioning in certain combinations and even originally claimed as such, one or more features from a claimed combination may in some cases be removed from the combination and the claimed combination Variations of sub-combinations or sub-combinations are possible. Furthermore, the separation of various system components in the above-described implementations should not be construed as requiring such separation in all implementations, and it should be understood that the described program components and systems can often be integrated together in a single software product or packaged into multiple software products. In addition, other implementations are within the scope of the following claims. In some cases, the actions recited in the claimed scope can be performed in a different order and still achieve desirable results.

100: Electrochromic (EC) window 105: EC window panel/substrate 110: Bus bar 115: Glass pane/substrate 120: Separator 125: Insulating Glass Unit (IGU) 130: Window assembly 135: Wireless Power Receiver 200: Wireless Power Transmission Network 201: Wireless Power Transmission Networks 202: Wireless Power Transmitter 204: Electrochromic Windows 205: Window 206: Area 208: Wireless Power Transmission Networks 210: Power Node 212: Wireless Power Transmission Network 214: Wireless Power Transmission Network 216: Power Node 218: Windows 220: Windows 300:IGU 301:IGU 305: Electrochromic Windows 310: Spacer 311: Spacer 312: Key 315: Windows 325: Primary seal 330: Secondary Seal 340: Sealed volume 345: Electrochromic Devices 346: Electrochromic Devices 347: Electrochromic Devices 348: Electrochromic Devices 350: Bus bar 351: Bus Bar 352: Bus bar 353: Bus Bar 354: Bus Bar 355: Wiring 356: Wiring 357: Wiring 358: Wiring 360: Airborne Receiver 362: Airborne Receiver 363: Receiver 364:Transmitter 365: Setting Blocks/Receivers 366: Receiver 367: Receiver 370: Transmitter 371: Transmitter 372: Transmitter 375: Window Frame 375a: Pressure Plate 380: Electrochromic Windows 382: Fixed frame 383: Movable Frame 384: External Frame 401: Transmitter 402: Receiver 403: Additional Electronic Devices 404: Room 405: Wire 406: Electrochromic Windows 500: Transmitter 501: Shell 502: Antenna 503: Radio Frequency Integrated Circuits (RFIC) 504: Microcontroller 505: Components for Communication 506: Power 600: Receiver 601: Shell 602: Antenna Element 603: Rectifier circuit 604: Power Converter 605: Microcontroller 606: Energy Storage Devices 607: Powered device 608: Wireless Communication Components 701: Substrate 705: Patch Antenna 800: Window Network 803: Electronic Devices 810: Electrochromic Windows 811: Additional Electrochromic Window 820: Central Power/Buildings 900: Window Network 910: Source Window 911: Windows 912: Windows 930: Wireless Power Distribution Area 931: Wireless Power Distribution Area 1000: Electrochromic Windows 1010: Power 1020: Source Window 1030: Windows 1103:IGU 1110: Key 1136: Receiver 1137: Transmitter 1165: Setting block 1210: Electrochromic Windows 1220: Loop Antenna 1230: Window Controller 1240: Transmitter 1250: Passive Electronics 1301: Room 1310: RF Transmitter or Standalone Base Station 1320:IGU 1322: Receiver 1330: Mobile Devices 1340: Arrow 1350: Arrow 1360: Receiver 1370: Transmitter 1375: Window Frame 1401: Room 1420:IGU 1421:IGU 1422: Receiver 1425: Transmitter 1430: Mobile Devices 1440: Arrow 1450: Arrow 1501: Room 1510: Transmitter 1520:IGU 1521:IGU 1522: Receiver 1525: Transmitter 1530: Mobile Devices 1540: Arrow 1550: Arrow 1600:IGU 1602: The first window 1604: Second window 1606: Frame Structure A: Surface B-B: Section S1: first surface S2: Second surface S3: Third surface S4: Fourth surface X-X: Section

The following detailed description may be more fully understood when considered in conjunction with the drawings in which: Figure 1 illustrates the fabrication of an EC window including a wireless power receiver. 2A - 2E are schematic representations of a wireless power transfer network as described herein. Figure 3A illustrates some general operations in building an insulating glass unit (IGU) for an EC window, according to an embodiment. 3B - 3E illustrate cross-section XX of the IGU of FIG. 3A according to different implementations configured for wireless power transfer. Figures 3F - 3H illustrate the inductive powering of an electrochromic insulating glass unit (IGU) in which the wireless receiver is positioned in the secondary seal of the IGU and the wireless transmitter is outside the IGU. Figure 4 shows a schematic diagram of the interior of a room configured for wireless power transfer. Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of the components of the RF transmitter structure. Figure 6 shows a schematic diagram of the components of the RF receiver structure. 7 shows an illustration of a patch antenna on a glass substrate, according to one embodiment. 8 shows a schematic diagram of an electrochromic window configured to wirelessly transmit power to other electronic devices. Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of a network of windows in which power is wirelessly transmitted between windows. Figure 10 shows a schematic diagram of a plurality of electrochromic windows forming a curtain wall in which power is transferred between the windows using inductive coupling. Figure 11 shows a schematic view of a window frame in which a key has been inserted into the frame to allow magnetic power transfer. Figure 12 shows a wireless powering scheme for electrochromic windows. 13A shows a schematic diagram of a top view of the interior of a room configured for wireless power transfer with a remote transmitter of an independent base station. 13B shows another schematic diagram of a top view of the interior of the room of FIG. 13A configured for wireless power transfer. 14A shows a schematic diagram of a top view of a room with an IGU base station configured for wireless power transfer of other IGUs and mobile devices. Figure 14B shows another schematic diagram of a top view of the room of Figure 14A configured for wireless power transfer. 15A shows a schematic diagram of a top view of a room with independent base stations and IGU base stations configured for wireless power transfer of other IGUs and mobile devices. Figure 15B shows another schematic diagram of a top view of the room of Figure 15A configured for wireless power transfer. 16 shows an isometric view of a corner of an IGU configured to receive, provide, and/or condition wireless power, according to various implementations. The same reference numerals and numerals in the various figures denote the same elements.

401: Transmitter

402: Receiver

403: Additional Electronic Devices

404: Room

405: Wire

406: Electrochromic Windows

Claims (1)

An electrochromic window configured to receive power wirelessly, the electrochromic window comprising: an electrochromic lite having an electrochromic device disposed on a transparent substrate; An on-board receiver in electrical communication with the bus bars of the electrochromic device, wherein the on-board receiver is configured to receive wireless power transmissions from one or more remote transmitters and the wireless power transfer into electrical energy, and wherein some of the electrical energy is applied to the bus bars to cause an optical transition between a clear state and a darkened state of the electrochromic device; and An onboard transmitter in electrical communication with a power source to receive power, the onboard transmitter being configured to convert electrical power into wireless power transmissions that are transmitted to a remote wireless receiver The device, wherein the remote wireless receiver is configured to convert the wireless power transmissions from the onboard transmitter into electrical energy to power a remote mobile electronic device.

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