TW202220425A - System and method for detecting damage of telecommunication cables - Google Patents
System and method for detecting damage of telecommunication cables Download PDFInfo
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本發明係有關於一種電信纜線損壞偵測系統及方法,特別是利用電信纜線內部供裝的寬頻迴路及市話迴路作為偵測電信纜線被損壞與偵測斷點距離的測距工具。當上述迴路斷線時,係由網管設備或市話交換機得到即時告警資訊,經診斷確認為損壞事件後,啟動寬頻迴路之單端線路測試(Single Ended Line Test,SELT)與市話迴路之金屬線路測試(Metallic Line Test,MELT)以計算斷點距離,再由圖資模組轉換出斷點座標,透過簡訊通知維護人員,以達到全面且即時之電信纜線防護功能。 The present invention relates to a telecommunication cable damage detection system and method, in particular, using the broadband loop and the local telephone loop provided inside the telecommunication cable as a distance measuring tool for detecting the damage of the telecommunication cable and detecting the distance of the breakpoint . When the above-mentioned circuit is disconnected, the network management equipment or the local telephone exchange will get the real-time alarm information. After the diagnosis is confirmed as a damage event, the single-ended line test (SELT) of the broadband circuit and the metal circuit of the local telephone circuit will be started. Metallic Line Test (MELT) calculates the breakpoint distance, and then converts the breakpoint coordinates from the graphics module, and informs the maintenance personnel through SMS to achieve comprehensive and real-time telecommunication cable protection.
一般而言,為提供固網服務,電信纜線分佈從都會區到郊區幅員廣大,其中幹纜從電信機房經地下洞道佈放到交接箱,從交接箱分接出配纜到配線箱,再由配線箱延伸到用戶家,不論佈放在地下管道或架空電信纜線都可能被竊賊盜剪,如何防止盜剪是電信業者重要的議題。 Generally speaking, in order to provide fixed network services, telecommunication cables are widely distributed from urban areas to suburban areas. The trunk cables are routed from the telecommunication equipment room to the junction box through the underground tunnel, and the distribution cable is tapped from the junction box to the distribution box. Extending from the distribution box to the user's home, whether it is laid in an underground pipeline or an overhead telecommunication cable, it may be cut by thieves. How to prevent theft and cutting is an important issue for telecom operators.
幹纜的佈放是從機房的地下洞道出線到交接箱,全部都佈放在地下管道,一般電信運營商會建置電信纜線充氣系統確保電信纜線內部乾燥以維護良好的電氣特性,電信纜線充氣系統在人孔及手孔會安裝氣壓感知器,將 電信纜線內部的氣壓值回傳到局端設備,維護人員由壓力的變化可推斷電信纜線是否破裂受損及對應的人孔與手孔位置,因此也可藉以判斷電信纜線是否被盜剪。 The trunk cables are laid out from the underground tunnel of the equipment room to the junction box, all of which are laid in the underground pipes. Generally, telecom operators will build a telecom cable inflation system to ensure that the inside of the telecom cable is dry to maintain good electrical characteristics. The air pressure sensor will be installed in the manhole and hand hole of the telecommunication cable inflation system. The air pressure value inside the telecommunication cable is sent back to the central office equipment. The maintenance personnel can infer whether the telecommunication cable is broken or damaged and the corresponding manhole and hand hole positions from the change of pressure. Therefore, it can also be used to judge whether the telecommunication cable is stolen or not. Cut.
配纜從交接箱出線,起始點在地下管道,經引上孔引接到地面上,若偏遠地區則可能延伸到架空電桿,幹纜以充膠保護銅導體的電氣特性,因此無法像幹纜由充氣系統之壓力變化得知電信纜線是否被盜剪,且配纜分佈幅員廣大,若額外佈建偵測設備將耗費龐大經費且事倍功半,故電信運營商多半未能監控到配纜狀態,導致盜剪事件層出不窮。 The distribution cable exits from the junction box. The starting point is the underground pipe, and it is led to the ground through the lead-in hole. If it is in a remote area, it may extend to the overhead pole. The dry cable is filled with glue to protect the electrical characteristics of the copper conductor, so it cannot be like The trunk cable can know whether the telecommunication cable has been stolen or cut from the pressure change of the inflation system, and the distribution cable is widely distributed. If additional detection equipment is installed, it will cost a lot of money and get twice the result with half the effort. Therefore, most telecom operators fail to monitor the distribution cable. state, leading to an endless stream of stolen clipping incidents.
本發明的目的即在提供一種電信纜線損壞偵測系統及方法,係利用已供裝於電信纜線內之寬頻迴路與市話迴路蒐集斷線資訊,並啟動數位用戶線路接取多工器(Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer,DSLAM)與市話迴路測試設備,測試斷點距離及啟動測試輔助迴路測試電信纜線狀態,經由診斷模組確認是否為盜剪或挖損等損壞事件,若為損壞事件,則將電信纜線編號與斷點距離送交圖資模組轉換成斷點座標與地址後,通知維護人員,以一種獨創方式與分析方法,提供電信纜線損壞告警與斷點位置,達到電信纜線防護功效。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a telecommunication cable damage detection system and method, which utilizes the broadband circuit and the local telephone circuit installed in the telecommunication cable to collect disconnection information and activate the digital subscriber line access multiplexer (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer, DSLAM) and local telephone loop test equipment, test the breakpoint distance and start the test auxiliary loop to test the status of the telecommunication cable, through the diagnosis module to confirm whether it is a damage event such as stealing or digging, if it is damaged In case of an event, the telecommunication cable number and breakpoint distance are sent to the graphics module to be converted into breakpoint coordinates and addresses, and the maintenance personnel are notified to provide telecommunication cable damage alarms and breakpoint locations in an original way and analysis method. To achieve the protection effect of telecommunication cables.
本發明是以電信纜線內部供裝的寬頻迴路與市話迴路作為斷線偵測與斷點測距工具,不需外加偵測電路,因此需要一些前置作業,以下說明本發明之設定監控迴路與測距方法。 The present invention uses the broadband loop and the local telephone loop installed inside the telecommunication cable as the tool for disconnection detection and breakpoint ranging, and does not require an external detection circuit, so some pre-operations are required. The following describes the setting monitoring of the present invention Loop and ranging methods.
將市話迴路設定為監控迴路:當語音閘道器(SIP Voice Gateway,SVG)及市話交換機偵測到有監控迴路短路且短路之持續時間超出門檻值後,該 監控迴路會進入待機(parking)狀態,若監控迴路解除短路,則該監控迴路會恢復為正常狀態,利用這種特性,在電信纜線最末端的配線箱內將監控迴路做短路,讓該監控迴路進入待機狀態。若該電信纜線被損壞,則解除短路,監控迴路會恢復成正常狀態,且SVG及市話交換機會即時發出通知訊息,以此特性將特定的市話迴路設定為監控迴路。 Set the local call loop as the monitoring loop: when the voice gateway (SIP Voice Gateway, SVG) and the local switch detect a short circuit in the monitoring loop and the duration of the short circuit exceeds the threshold, the The monitoring circuit will enter the standby (parking) state. If the monitoring circuit is released from the short circuit, the monitoring circuit will return to the normal state. Using this feature, the monitoring circuit is short-circuited in the wiring box at the end of the telecommunication cable, so that the monitoring circuit can be short-circuited. The loop enters the standby state. If the telecommunication cable is damaged, the short circuit will be removed, the monitoring circuit will return to the normal state, and the SVG and the local switch will send out a notification message immediately. With this feature, a specific local circuit is set as the monitoring circuit.
將寬頻迴路設定成寬頻斷線偵測感知器:由於DSLAM在任一寬頻迴路發生連線(port link up)、斷線(port link down)或因斷電而斷線(Loss of Power,LPR)等事件時均會發出相對應的通知訊息,因此若電信纜線遭損壞,DSLAM將發出斷線的通知訊息,但是局端或用戶端設備斷電也會造成斷線,因此需要搭配LPR通知訊息,以排除斷電因素。 Set the broadband circuit as a broadband disconnection detection sensor: due to the DSLAM in any broadband circuit connection (port link up), disconnection (port link down) or disconnection due to power failure (Loss of Power, LPR), etc. Corresponding notification messages will be sent out in the event of an event. Therefore, if the telecommunication cable is damaged, the DSLAM will issue a disconnection notification message. to rule out power outages.
市話迴路斷線測距方法:市話迴路測試採用GR909 MELT規範,測試市話迴路電氣特性作為障礙測試與排除的工具,該電氣特性包含市話迴路的直/交流電壓、電阻、電容。利用市話迴路之AB線間電容值和市話迴路長度成正比的特性,在配線箱做短路前,先以圖資模組記錄監控迴路長度,並啟動MELT測試,記錄AB線間的電容值當成參考值,當發生斷線事件時,再次測試斷線時的電容值,以推算出斷點距離。 Local telephone circuit disconnection ranging method: The local telephone circuit test adopts the GR909 MELT specification, and the electrical characteristics of the local telephone circuit are tested as a tool for obstacle testing and elimination. The electrical characteristics include the DC/AC voltage, resistance and capacitance of the local telephone circuit. Using the characteristic that the capacitance value between the AB lines of the local telephone circuit is proportional to the length of the local telephone circuit, before the wiring box is short-circuited, first record the length of the monitoring circuit with the graphics module, and start the MELT test to record the capacitance value between the AB lines As a reference value, when a disconnection event occurs, test the capacitance value at the time of disconnection again to calculate the disconnection distance.
寬頻迴路斷線測距方法:依據ITU-T G.996.2規範之DSLAM具備SELT測試功能,當DSLAM偵測到有寬頻迴路斷線時啟動SELT測試,可得到迴路長度,此迴路長度即為斷點距離。上述之ITU-T為國際電信聯合會電信組(International Telecommunications Union Telecommunication Sector)之簡稱。 Broadband loop disconnection ranging method: According to the ITU-T G.996.2 specification, DSLAM has the SELT test function. When the DSLAM detects a broadband loop disconnection, the SELT test is started, and the loop length can be obtained. This loop length is the breakpoint distance. The above-mentioned ITU-T is the abbreviation of International Telecommunications Union Telecommunication Sector.
本發明之電信纜線損壞偵測系統由六個模組組成,分別是設定模組、斷線事件蒐集模組、測試模組、圖資模組、通報模組、以及診斷模組。 The telecommunication cable damage detection system of the present invention is composed of six modules, namely, a setting module, a disconnection event collection module, a test module, a map data module, a notification module, and a diagnosis module.
以上六個模組執行的電信纜線損壞偵測方法之流程包括以下步驟: The flow of the telecommunication cable damage detection method performed by the above six modules includes the following steps:
(1)設定模組依照需求可以將至少一個行經相同路徑之電信纜線設定為同一監控群組;設定監控群組內市話監控迴路,並於電信纜線末端配線箱將監控迴路做短路,以使監控迴路進入待機狀態,作為市話斷線感知器;將監控群組內所有的寬頻迴路都設定為監控迴路並訂定告警門檻,告警門檻值可設定為寬頻迴路之斷線比例或數量;設定輔助迴路,因為監控群組內寬頻迴路數量可能不多或沒有寬頻迴路,故設定複數個(例如至少5個)品質良好的市話迴路,當成輔助判斷的輔助迴路。 (1) The setting module can set at least one telecommunication cable running through the same path to the same monitoring group as required; set the local telephone monitoring loop in the monitoring group, and short-circuit the monitoring loop in the wiring box at the end of the telecommunication cable, To make the monitoring loop enter the standby state, as a local call disconnection sensor; set all broadband loops in the monitoring group as monitoring loops and set an alarm threshold. The alarm threshold can be set as the disconnection ratio or number of broadband loops ;Set auxiliary loops, because there may not be many broadband loops or no broadband loops in the monitoring group, so set multiple (eg at least 5) local telephone loops with good quality as auxiliary loops for auxiliary judgment.
(2)斷線事件蒐集模組包含寬頻斷線事件蒐集模組和市話斷線事件蒐集模組。寬頻斷線事件蒐集模組蒐集DSLAM發出的通知訊息,當預設長度的時間內已斷線但並非因為斷電而斷線的寬頻迴路數量超過門檻值時,即發出寬頻斷線事件到診斷模組;市話斷線事件蒐集模組蒐集SVG與市話交換機發出的監控迴路的狀態從待機改變為正常的通知訊息,當接收到這樣的通知訊息,則發出市話斷線事件到診斷模組。 (2) The disconnection event collection module includes the broadband disconnection event collection module and the local telephone disconnection event collection module. The broadband disconnection event collection module collects the notification messages sent by the DSLAM. When the number of broadband circuits that have been disconnected within a preset length of time but not due to power failure exceeds the threshold, it will send a broadband disconnection event to the diagnostic module. Group; the local call disconnection event collection module collects the notification message that the state of the monitoring loop sent by the SVG and the local switch is changed from standby to normal. When such a notification message is received, the local call disconnection event will be sent to the diagnosis module. .
(3)當接收到寬頻斷線事件或市話斷線事件時,診斷模組啟動測試模組以測試寬頻迴路、市話迴路及輔助迴路之狀態,再綜合上述測試結果以確認是否發生電信纜線損壞。另外,確認為損壞事件後,診斷模組將電信纜線之編號與斷點距離轉送到圖資模組。 (3) When receiving a broadband disconnection event or a local call disconnection event, the diagnostic module starts the test module to test the status of the broadband circuit, the local call circuit and the auxiliary circuit, and then integrates the above test results to confirm whether there is a telecommunication cable Damaged wire. In addition, after confirming that it is a damage event, the diagnosis module transmits the serial number and breakpoint distance of the telecommunication cable to the graphics module.
(4)圖資模組根據電信纜線之編號與斷點距離,以及電信纜線佈放的拓樸圖,計算出斷點之經緯度座標與地址,將該經緯度座標與地址回傳至診斷模組。 (4) The graphics module calculates the latitude and longitude coordinates and address of the breakpoint according to the number of the telecommunication cable and the distance between the breakpoints and the topology of the telecommunication cable layout, and returns the latitude and longitude coordinates and addresses to the diagnostic module. Group.
(5)診斷模組接收斷點之經緯度座標與地址後,再轉送到告警發佈模組。 (5) After the diagnosis module receives the latitude and longitude coordinates and address of the breakpoint, it will be forwarded to the alarm issuing module.
(6)告警發佈模組發送簡訊和電子郵件,將斷點之經緯度座標與地址通報電信纜線之維護人員。 (6) The alarm release module sends short messages and e-mails, and informs the maintenance personnel of the telecommunication cables of the latitude and longitude coordinates and addresses of the breakpoints.
1:電信纜線損壞偵測系統 1: Telecom cable damage detection system
2:維護人員 2: Maintenance staff
10:電信纜線 10: Telecom cables
11:寬頻迴路 11: Broadband loop
12:監控迴路 12: Monitoring loop
13:輔助迴路 13: Auxiliary circuit
20:DSLAM 20: DSLAM
25:數據機 25: Modem
40:SVG/市話交換機 40: SVG/local switch
45:電話機 45: Telephone
50:配線箱 50: wiring box
52:自動短路裝置 52: Automatic short-circuit device
100:設定模組 100: Setting the module
200:斷線事件蒐集模組 200: Disconnection event collection module
201:寬頻斷線事件蒐集單元 201: Broadband disconnection event collection unit
202:市話斷線事件蒐集單元 202: Local call disconnection event collection unit
300:測試模組 300: Test Module
301:寬頻迴路測試單元 301: Broadband Loop Test Unit
302:監控迴路測試單元 302: Monitoring loop test unit
303:輔助迴路測試單元 303: Auxiliary loop test unit
400:圖資模組 400: Graphics module
500:通報模組 500: Notification Module
600:診斷模組 600: Diagnostic Module
S30~S48:方法步驟 S30~S48: Method steps
圖1為本發明一實施例之電信纜線示意圖。 FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a telecommunication cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖2為本發明一實施例之電信纜線損壞偵測系統之示意圖。 FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a telecommunication cable damage detection system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
圖3為本發明一實施例之電信纜線損壞偵測方法之流程圖。 FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for detecting damage to a telecommunication cable according to an embodiment of the present invention.
本發明係利用電信纜線內部之寬頻迴路與市話迴路,搭配寬頻DSLAM、SVG與市話交換機,作為偵測電信纜線斷線的感知器及斷點測距設備,當偵測到寬頻或市話監控迴路狀態改變,則即時傳送斷線事件給診斷模組做電信纜線診斷,經確認為電信纜線損壞事件後,由圖資模組將斷點距離轉換成經緯度座標與地址,再通報電信纜線維護人員。本發明可在不外加設備的情況下,達到即時且精準判斷電信纜線被盜剪或挖損等損壞事件,有效保護電信纜線資產與提高固網服務品質。 The present invention utilizes the broadband loop and the local telephone loop inside the telecommunication cable, with the broadband DSLAM, SVG and the local telephone switch, as a sensor and a breakpoint ranging device for detecting the disconnection of the telecommunication cable. If the state of the local telephone monitoring loop changes, the disconnection event will be immediately transmitted to the diagnostic module for telecommunication cable diagnosis. After it is confirmed as a telecommunication cable damage event, the map data module will convert the disconnection distance into latitude and longitude coordinates and addresses, and then Notify telecommunications cable maintenance personnel. The present invention can achieve instant and accurate judgment of damage events such as theft, cutting or digging of telecommunication cables without additional equipment, effectively protect telecommunication cable assets and improve the quality of fixed network services.
圖1為本發明一實施例之電信纜線示意圖。如圖1所示,電信纜線10中至少包括複數個寬頻迴路及複數個市話迴路,該等市話迴路至少包括複數個監控迴路及複數個輔助迴路。圖1中僅繪示一個寬頻迴路11、一個監控迴路12及一個輔助迴路13做為範例,但實際上,寬頻迴路11、監控迴路12及輔助迴路13的數量均可隨應用需求而調整。
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a telecommunication cable according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the
寬頻迴路11例如可為超高速數位用戶迴路(Very high-speed Digital Subscriber Line,VDSL),寬頻迴路11的頭端連接DSLAM 20,尾端連接用戶端的數據機25。監控迴路12及輔助迴路13均可為公眾交換電話網路(Public Switched Telephone Network,PSTN)或網路電話之迴路,若為PSTN迴
路,則其頭端連接市話交換機,若為網路電話迴路,則其頭端連接SVG。監控迴路12的尾端連接配線箱50中的自動短路裝置52,輔助迴路13的尾端則通過配線箱50連接用戶端的電話機45。
The
圖1的SVG/市話交換機40表示監控迴路12及輔助迴路13的頭端所連接的SVG和/或市話交換機,SVG/市話交換機40的數量可與監控迴路12及輔助迴路13的數量成正比。
The SVG/
電信纜線10中的每一個迴路(例如寬頻迴路11、監控迴路12或輔助迴路13)均為雙絞線,其中,組成每一對雙絞線的兩股訊號線分別稱為A線及B線。
Each loop in the telecommunication cable 10 (such as the
圖2為本發明一實施例之電信纜線損壞偵測系統1之示意圖。電信纜線損壞偵測系統1包括設定模組100、斷線事件蒐集模組200、測試模組300、圖資模組400、通報模組500、以及診斷模組600,其中,斷線事件蒐集模組200包括寬頻斷線事件蒐集單元201和市話斷線事件蒐集單元202,測試模組300包括寬頻迴路測試單元301、監控迴路測試單元302、以及輔助迴路測試單元303。斷線事件蒐集模組200電性連接或通訊連接設定模組100,診斷模組600電性連接或通訊連接斷線事件蒐集模組200,測試模組300、圖資模組400、以及通報模組500均電性連接或通訊連接診斷模組600。圖2所示之各該模組均可為硬體、軟體或韌體,若為軟體或韌體,則設置於可執行該軟體或韌體之電子裝置中。
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a telecommunication cable
圖3為本發明一實施例之電信纜線損壞偵測方法之流程圖。圖3所示的方法可由電信纜線損壞偵測系統1的各模組與各單元執行。
FIG. 3 is a flowchart of a method for detecting damage to a telecommunication cable according to an embodiment of the present invention. The method shown in FIG. 3 can be performed by each module and each unit of the telecommunication cable
首先,在步驟S30,設定模組100將至少一個行經相同路徑之電信纜線設定為監控群組,且選定監控群組中之寬頻迴路、監控迴路及輔助迴路,其中,每一個電信纜線的結構可以和圖1的電信纜線10相同。設定模組
100在步驟S30中的設定與選定可由維護人員2通過設定模組100完成,或由設定模組100自動完成。詳言之,設定模組100在步驟S30中的選定可細分為下列步驟:
First, in step S30, the
(1)選定監控群組的電信纜線中的所有寬頻迴路,當成寬頻斷線偵測感知器。各該寬頻迴路之頭端連接DSLAM(例如DSLAM 20),且各該寬頻迴路之尾端連接用戶端之數據機(例如數據機25)。在另一實施例中,監控群組的電信纜線中可以不包含寬頻迴路。 (1) All broadband loops in the telecommunication cables of the selected monitoring group are regarded as broadband disconnection detection sensors. The head end of each broadband loop is connected to a DSLAM (eg, DSLAM 20 ), and the tail end of each broadband loop is connected to a modem (eg, modem 25 ) at the user end. In another embodiment, broadband loops may not be included in the telecommunication cables of the monitoring group.
(2)選定監控群組的電信纜線中品質良好的複數個市話迴路,做為監控迴路。各該監控迴路的頭端連接SVG或市話交換機,尾端連接配線箱中的自動短路模組(例如配線箱50中的自動短路模組52)。自動短路模組可連接監控迴路的A線與B線,以使監控迴路短路而進入待機狀態,監控迴路會因為短路而失去市話功能,僅可做為市話斷線偵測感知器。
(2) Select a plurality of local telephone loops with good quality in the telecommunication cables of the monitoring group as monitoring loops. The head end of each monitoring loop is connected to the SVG or the local telephone exchange, and the tail end is connected to the automatic short circuit module in the wiring box (for example, the automatic
(3)選定監控群組的電信纜線中所包括的另外複數個(例如至少5個)品質良好的市話迴路,做為輔助迴路。各該輔助迴路之頭端同樣連接SVG或市話交換機,各該輔助迴路之尾端則連接用戶端之電話機(例如電話機45),所以輔助迴路仍保有市話功能。在另一實施例中,可以不選定輔助迴路。 (3) Select another plurality (for example, at least 5) local telephone circuits with good quality included in the telecommunication cables of the monitoring group as auxiliary circuits. The head end of each auxiliary circuit is also connected to the SVG or the local telephone exchange, and the tail end of each auxiliary circuit is connected to the telephone set of the user end (such as the telephone set 45), so the auxiliary circuit still retains the local telephone function. In another embodiment, the auxiliary circuit may not be selected.
上述的品質良好的市話迴路係指被選定為監控迴路或輔助迴路的市話迴路必須貫通所屬的電信纜線的全長且未損壞。另外,未通話時,各該市話迴路的A線對地的直流與交流電壓、B線對地的直流與交流電壓、以及A線與B線間的直流與交流電壓均必須小於預設的門檻值。再者,各該市話迴路的A線對地的絕緣電阻、B線對地的絕緣電阻、以及A線與B線間的絕緣電阻均必須大於預設的另一門檻值。符合以上所有條件的市話迴路才能被選定為監控迴路或輔助迴路。 The above-mentioned local telephone circuit of good quality means that the local telephone circuit selected as the monitoring circuit or auxiliary circuit must run through the entire length of the telecommunication cable to which it belongs and be undamaged. In addition, when there is no call, the DC and AC voltages between the A line and the ground, the DC and AC voltages between the B lines and the ground, and the DC and AC voltages between the A and B lines of each local telephone circuit must be less than the preset value. Threshold value. Furthermore, the insulation resistance of line A to ground, the insulation resistance of line B to ground, and the insulation resistance between line A and line B of each local telephone circuit must be greater than another preset threshold value. Only the local call circuit that meets all the above conditions can be selected as the monitoring circuit or auxiliary circuit.
接著,在步驟S32,斷線事件蒐集模組200的寬頻斷線事件蒐集單元201自寬頻迴路之頭端所連接的DSLAM(例如DSLAM 20)接收通知訊息,且斷線事件蒐集模組200的市話斷線事件蒐集單元202自監控迴路之頭端所連接的SVG和/或市話交換機(例如SVG/市話交換機40)接收通知訊息,其中,市話交換機可主動提供通知訊息,或經市話斷線事件蒐集單元202查詢後再提供通知訊息。然後,在步驟S34及S36,寬頻斷線事件蒐集單元201及市話斷線事件蒐集單元202根據通知訊息發出斷線事件。
Next, in step S32, the broadband disconnection
詳言之,當監控群組的電信纜線被盜剪或被挖斷,其中的寬頻迴路、監控迴路及輔助迴路均會因損壞而斷線。對於每一個寬頻迴路,寬頻斷線事件蒐集單元201會在步驟S34根據是否自DSLAM接收到該寬頻迴路的斷線(port link down)通知訊息而判斷該寬頻迴路是否已斷線,而且會根據是否自DSLAM接收到該寬頻迴路的因斷電而斷線(Loss of Power,LPR)通知訊息而判斷該寬頻迴路是否因斷電而斷線。當在預設長度之時間內,已斷線但並非因為斷電而斷線(即已接收到斷線通知訊息但未接收到因斷電而斷線通知訊息)的寬頻迴路之數量超過門檻值時,寬頻斷線事件蒐集單元201在步驟S36發出寬頻斷線事件至診斷模組600,否則,流程返回步驟S32。該門檻值可為已斷線但並非因為斷電而斷線的寬頻迴路的數量,或該等寬頻迴路在監控群組的全部寬頻迴路中所佔的比例。
To be more specific, when the telecommunication cables of the monitoring group are stolen or cut, the broadband circuit, the monitoring circuit and the auxiliary circuit are all broken due to damage. For each broadband circuit, the broadband disconnection
另一方面,當有監控迴路受到損壞而斷線,會因為短路解除,從待機狀態回到正常狀態,其頭端所連接的SVG或市話交換機會發出相應的通知訊息。市話斷線事件蒐集單元202會在步驟S34檢查是否接收到這樣的通知訊息,如果是,則市話斷線事件蒐集單元202在步驟S36發出市話斷線事件至診斷模組600,否則,流程返回步驟S32。
On the other hand, when the monitoring circuit is damaged and disconnected, it will return to the normal state from the standby state due to the short-circuit release, and the SVG or local exchange connected to the head end will send a corresponding notification message. The local call disconnection
接著,在步驟S38,診斷模組600接收到寬頻斷線事件或市話斷線事件,因此啟動測試模組300。測試模組300的寬頻迴路測試單元301、監控迴路測試單元302和輔助迴路測試單元303分別測試監控群組中的寬頻迴路、監控迴路及輔助迴路,以分別取得寬頻迴路、監控迴路及輔助迴路之狀態,再將該等迴路之狀態傳回診斷模組600。
Next, in step S38, the
詳言之,在步驟S38,測試模組300被啟動後,寬頻迴路測試單元301啟動監控群組中所有寬頻迴路所連接的所有DSLAM,通過該等DSLAM查詢是否有寬頻迴路正在連線中(port link up)。如果有寬頻迴路正在連線中,則測試結束,且寬頻迴路測試單元301將有寬頻迴路正在連線中的狀態傳回診斷模組600。如果沒有寬頻迴路正在連線中,則寬頻迴路測試單元301控制該等DSLAM對每一個寬頻迴路進行單端線路測試(Single Ended Line Test,SELT),以取得各該寬頻迴路之長度(即自頭端到斷點的長度,若迴路未斷,則為自頭端到尾端的長度),且寬頻迴路測試單元301傳回診斷模組600的寬頻迴路的狀態包括各該寬頻迴路之長度。若寬頻迴路測試單元301在啟動DSLAM時,發現有DSLAM無回應且曾發出LPR通知訊息,則其提供的寬頻迴路的狀態也會包含此事件。此外,若監控群組的電信纜線中沒有寬頻迴路,則寬頻迴路測試單元301傳回診斷模組600的寬頻迴路的狀態會包括此狀況。
Specifically, in step S38, after the
另一方面,在步驟S38,測試模組300被啟動後,監控迴路測試單元302啟動GR909金屬線路測試(Metallic Line Test,MELT)以取得監控群組中的各該監控迴路的電氣特性,該電氣特性包括A線與B線間的電容值、A線對地的直流與交流電壓、B線對地的直流與交流電壓、A線與B線間的直流與交流電壓、A線對地的絕緣電阻、B線對地的絕緣電阻、以及A線與B線間的絕緣電阻。因監控迴路的A線與B線間的電容值與監控迴路的長度成正比,故監控迴路測試單元302可根據事先記錄的正常電容值與上述MELT所得的電容
值計算出各該監控迴路的長度。監控迴路測試單元302傳回診斷模組600的監控迴路的狀態包括各該監控迴路的上述長度、電壓及絕緣電阻。
On the other hand, in step S38, after the
又一方面,在步驟S38,測試模組300被啟動後,輔助迴路測試單元303啟動MELT以取得監控群組中的各該輔助迴路的電氣特性,輔助迴路的電氣特性的內容和監控迴路的電氣特性相同。輔助迴路的A線與B線間的電容值為其尾端連接的電話機的電容值與輔助迴路本身的電容值之和,其中,市面上大部分電話機的電容值係為已知,且輔助迴路本身的電容值與長度的比例亦為已知,故輔助迴路測試單元303可根據MELT所得的電容值估算出各該輔助迴路的長度。輔助迴路測試單元303傳回診斷模組600的輔助迴路的狀態包括各該輔助迴路的上述長度,與其電氣特性中的各項電壓及絕緣電阻。
On the other hand, in step S38, after the
接著,在步驟S40,診斷模組600自測試模組300取得寬頻迴路、監控迴路及輔助迴路之狀態。
Next, in step S40 , the
在步驟S42,診斷模組600根據該等迴路之狀態判斷監控群組中的電信纜線是否損壞,若有損壞,則流程進入步驟S44,否則流程返回步驟S32。
In step S42, the
詳言之,在步驟S42中,診斷模組600分析監控群組中的所有寬頻迴路的狀態,可能有下列結果其中一者:
Specifically, in step S42, the
(a)至少有一個寬頻迴路正在連線中,故診斷為電信纜線未斷。 (a) At least one broadband circuit is being connected, so the diagnosis is that the telecommunication cable is not broken.
(b)DSLAM無回應且曾發出LPR通知訊息,故診斷為電信纜線未斷。 (b) The DSLAM has no response and has sent an LPR notification message, so the diagnosis is that the telecommunication cable is not broken.
(c)所有寬頻迴路中的最大長度與最小長度的差異大於門檻值,故診斷為電信纜線未斷。 (c) The difference between the maximum length and the minimum length in all broadband loops is greater than the threshold value, so the diagnosis is that the telecommunication cable is not broken.
(d)所有寬頻迴路中的最大長度與最小長度的差異小於或等於門檻值,故診斷為電信纜線可能已斷。 (d) The difference between the maximum length and the minimum length in all broadband loops is less than or equal to the threshold value, so the diagnosis is that the telecommunication cable may be broken.
(e)監控群組的電信纜線中沒有寬頻迴路,故無法判斷。 (e) There is no broadband loop in the telecommunication cables of the monitoring group, so it is impossible to judge.
另外,在步驟S42中,診斷模組600分析監控群組中的所有監控迴路的狀態,可能有下列結果其中一者:
In addition, in step S42, the
(a)至少有一個監控迴路的狀態正常,故診斷為電信纜線未斷。上述之狀態正常係指監控迴路未斷(例如其長度等於正常長度)且未出現下文所述之障礙。 (a) The state of at least one monitoring circuit is normal, so the diagnosis is that the telecommunication cable is not broken. The above-mentioned normal state means that the monitoring loop is not broken (eg its length is equal to the normal length) and the obstacles described below do not appear.
(b)監控迴路全部已斷(例如其長度小於正常長度)或出現障礙,但所有監控迴路中的最大長度與最小長度的差異大於門檻值,故診斷為電信纜線未斷。上述的障礙係指監控迴路的A線對地的直流或交流電壓、B線對地的直流或交流電壓、或A線與B線間的直流或交流電壓大於另一門檻值,或者,監控迴路的A線對地的絕緣電阻、B線對地的絕緣電阻、或A線與B線間的絕緣電阻小於又一門檻值。 (b) All monitoring loops are broken (for example, their length is less than the normal length) or there is an obstacle, but the difference between the maximum length and the minimum length in all monitoring loops is greater than the threshold value, so it is diagnosed that the telecommunication cable is not broken. The above obstacle means that the DC or AC voltage of line A to ground, the DC or AC voltage of line B to ground, or the DC or AC voltage between line A and line B of the monitoring circuit is greater than another threshold value, or, the monitoring circuit The insulation resistance of line A to ground, the insulation resistance of line B to ground, or the insulation resistance between line A and line B is less than another threshold value.
(c)監控迴路全部已斷或出現障礙,且所有監控迴路中的最大長度與最小長度的差異小於或等於該門檻值,故診斷為電信纜線可能已斷。 (c) All monitoring circuits are broken or blocked, and the difference between the maximum length and the minimum length in all monitoring circuits is less than or equal to the threshold value, so it is diagnosed that the telecommunication cable may be broken.
再者,在步驟S42中,診斷模組600分析監控群組中的所有輔助迴路的狀態,可能有下列結果其中一者:
Furthermore, in step S42, the
(a)至少有一個輔助迴路的狀態正常,故診斷為電信纜線未斷。上述之狀態正常係指輔助迴路未斷(例如其長度等於正常長度)且未出現下文所述之障礙。 (a) At least one auxiliary circuit is in normal state, so it is diagnosed that the telecommunication cable is not broken. The above state is normal means that the auxiliary circuit is not broken (for example, its length is equal to the normal length) and there is no obstacle described below.
(b)輔助迴路全部已斷(例如其長度小於正常長度)或出現障礙,故診斷為電信纜線可能已斷,其中,輔助迴路的障礙判斷標準和監控迴路相同。 (b) All auxiliary circuits have been broken (for example, their length is less than the normal length) or an obstacle has occurred, so it is diagnosed that the telecommunication cable may be broken, wherein the obstacle judgment standard of the auxiliary circuit is the same as that of the monitoring circuit.
(c)監控群組中未選定輔助迴路,故無法判斷。 (c) The auxiliary circuit is not selected in the monitoring group, so it cannot be judged.
綜合上述結果,在步驟S42,若寬頻迴路的結果(d)或(e)、監控迴路的結果(c)、以及輔助迴路的結果(b)或(c)同時發生,則診斷模組600確定監控群組的電信纜線已損壞,流程進入步驟S44,否則流程返回步驟S32。
Based on the above results, in step S42, if the result (d) or (e) of the broadband loop, the result (c) of the monitoring loop, and the result (b) or (c) of the auxiliary loop occur simultaneously, the
接著,在步驟S44,診斷模組600根據每一個寬頻迴路、監控迴路及輔助迴路的狀態中的長度,計算出監控群組中的電信纜線的斷點距離(即自電信纜線的頭端到斷點的距離),例如,診斷模組600可計算出所有寬頻迴路、監控迴路及輔助迴路的長度的平均值,做為該斷點距離。
Next, in step S44, the
在步驟S46,圖資模組400根據監控群組中的電信纜線的編號、監控群組中的電信纜線佈放的拓樸圖、以及該斷點距離,計算出該斷點距離所對應的斷點座標(例如經緯度座標)與斷點地址。
In step S46, the
在步驟S48,通報模組500透過簡訊、即時訊息和/或電子郵件等形式通報維護人員2監控群組中的電信纜線已損壞,且將斷點座標與斷點地址通報維護人員2。此外,若電信纜線因盜剪而損壞,通報模組500可將斷點座標與斷點地址通報警方,以提供破案資訊。
In step S48, the
本發明所提供之電信纜線損壞偵測系統及方法,與傳統防盜系統及方法相互比較時,更具備下列優點: Compared with the traditional anti-theft system and method, the telecommunication cable damage detection system and method provided by the present invention has the following advantages:
1.本發明只需透過寬頻DSLAM、SVG、市話交換機及電信纜線迴路等設備,利用網管資訊加值即可提供即時電信纜線斷纜診斷及斷點偵測功能,不需外加設備即可實現即時且全面偵測與診斷之目標。 1. The present invention can provide real-time telecommunication cable breakage diagnosis and breakpoint detection functions only through broadband DSLAM, SVG, local telephone switches and telecommunication cable loops and other equipment, using network management information to add value, without the need for additional equipment. Real-time and comprehensive detection and diagnosis can be achieved.
2.本發明利用電信纜線內部供裝的寬頻迴路和市話迴路作為斷線感知器,當電信纜線被盜剪或挖損時透過感知器可即時得到斷線事件。 2. The present invention utilizes the broadband circuit and the local telephone circuit provided inside the telecommunication cable as the disconnection sensor. When the telecommunication cable is stolen, cut or damaged by cutting, the disconnection event can be obtained immediately through the sensor.
3.本發明利用寬頻DSLAM的G.996.2 SELT技術及SVG與市話交換機的GR909 MELT技術推算斷點距離。 3. The present invention uses the G.996.2 SELT technology of the broadband DSLAM and the GR909 MELT technology of the SVG and the local exchange to calculate the breakpoint distance.
4.本發明導入圖資模組,由斷點距離計算斷點的經緯度座標與地址,除通報維護人員以外,亦可同時通報警方,以提供破案資訊。 4. The present invention introduces a graphics module, and calculates the latitude and longitude coordinates and addresses of the breakpoints from the distance of the breakpoints. In addition to notifying the maintenance personnel, the police can also be notified at the same time to provide information on solving cases.
5.本發明降低電信纜線防護的建設成本及困難度,導入斷點測距技術可以即時推算斷點位置,可同時通報維護人員與警方,提高破案機率。 5. The present invention reduces the construction cost and difficulty of telecommunication cable protection, and the introduction of breakpoint ranging technology can instantly calculate the breakpoint location, and simultaneously notify maintenance personnel and the police, thereby improving the probability of solving the case.
6.本發明可降低電信纜線維護之人事成本,更可確保銅纜迴路之可靠性及穩定性,進而提昇維護效率,其經濟效益非常明顯。 6. The present invention can reduce the personnel cost of telecommunication cable maintenance, and can also ensure the reliability and stability of the copper cable loop, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency, and its economic benefits are very obvious.
上列詳細說明乃針對本發明之可行實施例進行具體說明,惟該實施例並非用以限制本發明之專利範圍,凡未脫離本發明技藝精神所為之等效實施或變更,均應包含於本案之專利範圍中。 The above detailed description is for specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, but the embodiments are not intended to limit the patent scope of the present invention. Any equivalent implementation or modification that does not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention shall be included in this case. within the scope of the patent.
綜上所述,本案不僅於技術思想上確屬創新,並具備習用之傳統方法所不及之上述多項功效,已充分符合新穎性及進步性之法定發明專利要件,懇請 貴局核准本件發明專利申請案,以勵發明,至感德便。 To sum up, this case is not only innovative in terms of technical ideas, but also has many of the above-mentioned effects that the conventional methods cannot achieve. It has fully met the requirements of the statutory invention patent for novelty and progress. I urge your bureau to approve this patent application Cases, in order to encourage invention, to appreciate morality.
1:電信纜線損壞偵測系統 1: Telecom cable damage detection system
2:維護人員 2: Maintenance staff
100:設定模組 100: Setting the module
200:斷線事件蒐集模組 200: Disconnection event collection module
201:寬頻斷線事件蒐集單元 201: Broadband disconnection event collection unit
202:市話斷線事件蒐集單元 202: Local call disconnection event collection unit
300:測試模組 300: Test Module
301:寬頻迴路測試單元 301: Broadband Loop Test Unit
302:監控迴路測試單元 302: Monitoring loop test unit
303:輔助迴路測試單元 303: Auxiliary loop test unit
400:圖資模組 400: Graphics module
500:通報模組 500: Notification Module
600:診斷模組 600: Diagnostic Module
40:SVG/市話交換機 40: SVG/local switch
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TW109138631A TWI766425B (en) | 2020-11-05 | 2020-11-05 | System and method for detecting damage of telecommunication cables |
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US7664232B2 (en) * | 2004-10-05 | 2010-02-16 | Rit Technologies Ltd. | Method and system for distance measurements |
JP2015515784A (en) * | 2012-03-12 | 2015-05-28 | アダプティブ スペクトラム アンド シグナル アラインメント インコーポレイテッド | Method and system for characterizing line microfilter states and locating line faults for network interface devices |
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