TW202210363A - Straddled vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A multi-stage transmission device of the straddled vehicle according to the present invention comprises an input shaft, an output shaft, first dogs, and second dogs. The first and second dogs correspond to a plurality of transmission stages, respectively. The first dogs are provided at intervals along the circumferential direction. The second dogs are provided so as to engage with the first dogs by moving in the rotation axis direction and entering the spaces between the first dogs and to release the engagement by exiting the spaces between the first dogs. With the first and second dogs being engaged with each other in one transmission stage selected, power transmission in the selected transmission stage is enabled. The first and second dogs perform power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft due to being engaged and disconnect power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft due to the engagement being released. When a shift performing condition is met, a control device of the straddled vehicle according to the present invention: (A) controls a permanent magnet motor to reduce torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft of the multi-stage transmission device; and (B) controls a transmission actuation device to cause either the first dogs or the second dogs to move in the rotation axis direction so as to release the engagement.

Description

straddle vehicle

The present invention relates to a straddle-type vehicle.

A saddle-riding type vehicle provided with a step-by-step transmission is known. For example, Patent Document 1 proposes a saddle-riding type vehicle including an automatic transmission device that performs a shifting operation by an actuator such as a servo motor instead of performing the shifting operation by manpower. For example, the saddle-ridden vehicle of Patent Document 1 can switch gear stages by using a clutch actuator that operates a clutch and a shift actuator (transmission drive) that operates a transmission. prior art literature Patent Literature

Patent Document 1: Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2011-80604

[Problems to be Solved by Invention]

For a straddle-type vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission, it is required to quickly and smoothly switch gears. An object of the present invention is to provide a saddle-riding type vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission device, which can quickly and smoothly switch gear stages. [Technical means to solve problems]

The inventors of the present invention have conducted research on a straddle-type vehicle equipped with an automatic transmission device to quickly and smoothly switch the gear stage. In this study, the present inventors studied the operation of the transmission and the operation of the clutch.

The step-by-step speed change device equipped on the saddle-riding type vehicle is a claw-type step-by-step speed change device. The claw-type step-by-step transmission includes a plurality of kinds of claw as power transmission members. For example, among the plurality of claws, the first claws are provided on a plurality of drive gears or driven gears that can move in the direction of the rotation axis. A plurality of second claws are provided so as to be fittable with the first claws. The first claws are arranged in the circumferential direction so that a space for entering the second claws is vacated therebetween. The first claws and the second claws are fitted or released from each other by relative movement in the direction of the rotation axis. The first and second claws are fitted into the space between the first claws as the second claws move in the direction of the rotation axis. When the second claws are released from the space between the first claws, the engagement of the first claws and the second claws is released. When the first claw and the second claw are engaged, the driving gear or the driven gear rotates integrally with the rotating shaft, and when the first claw and the second claw are released, the driving gear or the driven gear rotates. The shafts rotate independently. The first claw and the second claw are provided corresponding to the driving gear or the driven gear. The effective driving gear and driven gear can be selected by engaging the corresponding first and second jaws.

In the case of shifting the gear stage with the claw-type step-by-step transmission, first, the engagement of the first and second pawls of the driving gear or driven gear of the shifting source of the switching source is released. That is, the second claws are separated from the space between the first claws corresponding to the shift stage of the switching source. Next, engage the first claw of the drive gear or driven gear of the shift target to be switched and the second claw of the drive gear or driven gear of the shift target to be switched. That is, the second claws enter into the space between the first claws corresponding to the shifting gear of the switching target.

For example, when the straddle-type vehicle is in an accelerating state, the rotational force from the engine is transmitted to the drive wheels through the first and second claws corresponding to the selected gear shift. At this time, the first claw presses the second claw in the rotational direction with a force corresponding to the rotational force. When the force in the direction of disengaging the second claw from the first claw, that is, the force in the direction of the rotation axis, is applied to switch the gear stage, the contact surface between the first claw and the second claw is caused by the first claw. Strong frictional force caused by the force of the claw pressing the second claw in the rotational direction. Therefore, even if the force in the direction of the rotation axis is applied, the movement of the first claw or the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis may be hindered. Furthermore, for example, when the first and second claws are dovetail claws having contact surfaces inclined with respect to the direction of the rotation axis, the force in the direction of the rotation axis required to release the fitting is larger.

For example, when an automatic transmission having a shift actuator as shown in Patent Document 1 is introduced, in order to release the engagement of the first and second pawls, the time required to move in the direction of the rotation axis becomes longer. For example, at the time of shifting the gear stage, a sequence in which the power transmission from the engine to the drive wheels is cut off by putting the clutch in the power non-transmission state is considered. For example, before releasing the engagement of the first and second pawls corresponding to the shift stage of the switching source, the frictional force between the first and second pawls is reduced. When switching the gear stage, first, the clutch is brought into a power non-transmission state to cut off the power transmission from the engine to the drive wheels. In this way, even if a force is applied in the direction of the rotation axis, the frictional force generated by the contact surface of the first claw and the second claw is small. Therefore, the first claw and the second claw can relatively move in the direction of the rotation axis in a short time.

Next, when the clutch is maintained in the power non-transmission state, the first and second pawls corresponding to the gear stage to be switched are fitted. The second claws enter into the space between the first claws, whereby the first claws and the second claws are fitted. The disconnection state and the transmission state of the above-mentioned clutch are switched by moving the driven plate in the clutch. Therefore, when the clutch actuator is used, it takes a long time to switch the gear stage.

In order to smoothly switch the gear stage, the inventors of the present invention have studied in detail the shifting operation without putting the clutch in the power non-transmission state.

For example, in the case of shifting gears, consider adjusting the output of the engine. For example, in order to switch the gear stage while maintaining the clutch in the power transmission state during acceleration of a saddle-riding vehicle, the control device for controlling the engine reduces the output of the engine during the operation of switching the gear stage. The control device reduces the output of the engine, for example, by retarding the ignition of the engine or stopping the ignition of the engine. Thereby, the frictional force generated between the first claw and the second claw is reduced. Therefore, the force for moving the first and second jaws in the direction of the rotation axis is reduced. Thereby, the shifting operation can be performed without changing the state of the clutch. However, in the case of controlling the engine output by retarding the engine ignition, stopping the ignition, or reducing the throttle opening, the change in the rotational force is controlled because it occurs only once per 2 revolutions (720°) of the crankshaft. Therefore, the time resolution and the responsiveness of the gear shift operation are limited. That is, it is difficult to perform the shift stage switching smoothly.

The inventors of the present invention have further studied for a straddle-type vehicle provided with an automatic transmission device to quickly and smoothly switch the gear stage while maintaining the clutch in the power transmission state. In this study, it was found that gear shifting can be performed by using a permanent magnet type electric motor connected to the crankshaft of the engine. Specifically, when the variable speed drive device moves any one of the first claw and the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis, the control device drives the permanent magnet type electric motor. The control device drives the permanent magnet type electric motor so as to reduce the transmission torque transmitted between the first claw and the second claw. Thereby, the frictional force generated between the first claw and the second claw is reduced. Furthermore, at this time, the state of the clutch is maintained in the state of transmitting the power output from the engine to the drive wheels.

For example, when a saddle-riding vehicle is in an accelerating state, the control device drives the permanent magnet so as to decelerate one of the first and second claws that transmits the driving force from the engine relative to the transmitted claw. electric motor. The control device drives the permanent magnet electric motor in a manner of applying a brake to the rotation of the engine. In addition, when the saddle-riding vehicle is in a decelerating state, the control device drives the permanent magnet so as to accelerate the claw that transmits the driving force from the engine among the first claw and the second claw relative to the transmitted claw. electric motor. The control device drives the permanent magnet electric motor to accelerate the rotation of the engine. In this way, the first claw and the second claw can relatively move in the rotation axis direction. As a result, the first claw and the second claw are separated in the direction of the rotation axis, and the engagement of the first claw and the second claw is released.

After the engagement of the first claw and the second claw is released and the clutch is maintained in the power transmission state, the first claw and the second claw are engaged with each other. The first and second claws are fitted into the space between the two first claws by the second claws entering into the space between the two first claws.

When the crankshaft is driven by an electric motor connected to the crankshaft of the engine, the rotational force can be controlled in real time, and it is not limited to controlling only once every two revolutions of the crankshaft. Therefore, compared to the case of adjusting the engine output, the time resolution of the shift stage switching operation is improved, and the responsiveness to the shift stage switching operation is also improved. As a result, the straddle-type vehicle provided with the automatic transmission device can quickly and smoothly switch the gear stage.

In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a straddle-type vehicle has the following configuration. (1) A straddle-type vehicle having: An engine, which has a rotating crankshaft, and outputs the power generated by combustion as the torque and rotational force of the crankshaft; A permanent magnet electric motor, which is connected to the crankshaft in a manner of rotating at a fixed speed ratio with the crankshaft, and receives the supply of electric power to output power; a drive wheel driven by power output from at least one of the above-mentioned engine and the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric motor; A multi-stage transmission, which is arranged on a power transmission path between the crankshaft and the drive wheel, and has an input shaft, an output shaft, a first claw and a second claw, and the first claw and the second claw correspond to In each of the plurality of shifting stages, the first claw is provided with a space in the circumferential direction, and the second claw is disposed so as to enter the space of the first claw along with the movement in the direction of the rotation axis, Thereby, it is in a state of being engaged with the first claw, and the engaged state is released by disengaging from the space of the first claw. In the fitted state, the power transmission of the selected gear stage is effectively set, and the power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft is performed by the first claw and the second claw in the fitted state. The power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft is blocked by releasing the fitted state; a clutch, which is arranged between the crankshaft and the input shaft, and performs power transmission between the crankshaft and the input shaft, or blocks the power transmission between the crankshaft and the input shaft; A variable speed drive device that moves any one of the first and second jaws in the direction of the rotation axis; and A control device configured to execute the following processes (A) and (B) in sequence when the speed change execution condition is satisfied, that is, (A) controlling the permanent magnet electric motor in such a way as to reduce the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft of the multi-speed transmission, (B) The speed change drive device is controlled such that the speed change drive device moves either the first claw or the second claw in the rotation axis direction to release the fitted state.

(1) The saddle-riding vehicle includes an engine, a permanent magnet electric motor, a drive wheel, a clutch, a multi-speed transmission, a variable speed drive, and a control device. The engine has a crankshaft that rotates, and outputs power generated by combustion from the crankshaft as torque and rotational force of the crankshaft. The permanent magnet electric motor is connected to the crankshaft in a way that it rotates at a fixed speed ratio with the crankshaft, and receives the supply of electric power to output power. The drive wheels are driven by power output from at least one of the engine and the permanent magnet electric motor. The multi-speed transmission is arranged on the power transmission path between the crankshaft of the engine and the driving wheels. The multi-speed transmission has an input shaft, an output shaft, a first claw, and a second claw. The first claw and the second claw correspond to each of the plurality of gear shift stages. The first claws are provided with a space in the circumferential direction. The second claw is provided so as to enter the space of the first claw along with the movement in the direction of the rotation axis, thereby being in a state of being fitted with the first claw. In addition, the second claw is provided so as to release the fitted state by being separated from the space of the first claw. The multi-speed transmission device effectively sets the power transmission of the selected shift stage according to the engagement state of the first and second pawls of the selected shift stage. When the first and second claws are in the fitted state, power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft is performed, and when the fitted state is released, the power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft is blocked. The clutch is arranged between the crankshaft of the engine and the input shaft of the multi-speed transmission. The clutch performs power transmission between the crankshaft and the input shaft, or blocks the power transmission between the crankshaft and the input shaft. The speed change drive device moves any one of the first claw and the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis of the first claw and the second claw.

According to the saddle-riding type vehicle of (1), the control device is configured to sequentially perform the following (A) and (B) processes when the gear shift execution condition is satisfied. (A) is to control the permanent magnet electric motor in such a way as to reduce the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft of the multi-speed transmission. (B) The speed change drive device is controlled so that the speed change drive device moves either one of the first claw and the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis to release the fitted state. Accordingly, in the multi-speed transmission, the torque to be transmitted is reduced by the engagement of the first claw and the second claw after they come into contact with each other in the circumferential direction.

When the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft of the multi-speed transmission is reduced, the torque acting between the first and second jaws in the circumferential direction is reduced. Since the torque acting between the first and second claw in the circumferential direction is reduced, before the first or second claw moves in the direction of the rotation axis, there is a generation between the first and second claw. friction is reduced. Therefore, the first claw and the second claw can relatively move in the rotation axis direction. As a result, the first claw and the second claw are separated in the direction of the rotation axis, and the engagement of the first claw and the second claw is released. Therefore, for example, the engagement of the first claw and the second claw can be released without interrupting the transmission of the power output from the engine by the clutch. That is, the selection release of the shift stage of the switching source of the transmission can be realized without waiting for the operation of the clutch. Furthermore, the engagement of the first claw and the second claw of the selected shift stage can be realized without waiting for the operation of the clutch. Here, the so-called shift stage of the switching source refers to the selected shift stage in the multi-speed transmission before the switching.

In this way, by using the permanent magnet electric motor connected to the crankshaft of the engine to drive the crankshaft, the first and second jaws can be controlled in real time without waiting for the clutch action or the combustion cycle of the engine to come during the shift stage. Release of the fitted state of the claws. Therefore, the time resolution of the shift stage switching operation is improved, and furthermore, the responsiveness to the shift stage switching operation is improved. Therefore, the straddle-type vehicle provided with the automatic transmission device can quickly and smoothly switch the gear stage.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the straddle-type vehicle can have the following configuration. (2) The straddle-type vehicle of (1), wherein The above control device In a state where the input shaft receives a torque in the same direction as the rotation direction from the crankshaft, and the speed change execution condition is satisfied, in the process of (A), the output of the permanent magnet electric motor is used to decelerate the crankshaft. The above-mentioned permanent magnet electric motor is controlled by means of torque.

Regarding the saddle-riding type vehicle of (2), when the speed change drive device moves either the first claw and the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis to release the engaged state in the acceleration state, the permanent magnet type electric motor Output torque that decelerates the crankshaft. The acceleration state of a saddle-riding vehicle is a state in which the input shaft receives a torque in the same direction as the rotation direction from the crankshaft. Thereby, the frictional force generated between the first claw and the second claw is reduced. Therefore, compared to the case of adjusting the engine output, the time resolution of the shift stage switching operation is improved, and the responsiveness to the shift stage switching operation is also improved. Therefore, the straddle-type vehicle provided with the automatic transmission device can quickly and smoothly switch the gear stage.

(3) The straddle-type vehicle of (1) or (2), wherein The above control device In the case where the above-mentioned speed change execution condition is satisfied in a state where the above-mentioned input shaft receives a torque in a direction opposite to the rotation direction from the above-mentioned output shaft, in the above-mentioned process (A), the output of the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric motor is used to drive the above-mentioned crankshaft. The above-mentioned permanent magnet electric motor is controlled by means of the acceleration torque.

Regarding the saddle-riding type vehicle of (3), when the speed change drive device moves either the first claw or the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis to release the engaged state in the deceleration state, the permanent magnet type electric motor described above Output torque that accelerates the crankshaft. The so-called deceleration state of a saddle-riding vehicle is a state in which the input shaft receives the torque in the opposite direction to the rotation direction from the output shaft. Thereby, the frictional force generated between the first claw and the second claw is reduced. Therefore, compared to the case of adjusting the engine output, the time resolution of the shift stage switching operation is improved, and the responsiveness to the shift stage switching operation is also improved. Therefore, the straddle-type vehicle provided with the automatic transmission device can quickly and smoothly switch the gear stage.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the straddle-type vehicle can have the following configuration. (4) The straddle-type vehicle of (1) or (2), wherein When the above-mentioned shifting execution conditions are satisfied, after the above-mentioned (A) and (B) processing, In a state in which the input shaft receives a torque in the same direction as the rotation direction from the crankshaft, the speed change drive device moves either the first claw or the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis to achieve the engagement. In the case of the state, the control device causes the permanent magnet electric motor to output a torque for decelerating the crankshaft.

Regarding the saddle-riding type vehicle of (4), in the shifting of the gear stage, for example, after the engagement of the first pawl and the second pawl of the shift source shift stage is released, the first pawl of the shift target shift stage is released. Fitted with the second claw. Before the engagement state, the difference between the rotational speed of the first jaw and the rotational speed of the second jaw tends to increase due to the torque output by the engine. Regarding the control device of the saddle-riding vehicle according to (4), when the speed change drive device moves either the first claw and the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis to be in the engaged state in the acceleration state, the permanent The magnet-type electric motor outputs torque that decelerates the crankshaft. By outputting the torque for decelerating the crankshaft from the permanent magnet type electric motor, the difference between the rotational speed of the first claw and the rotational speed of the second claw can be suppressed from increasing.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the straddle-type vehicle can have the following configuration. (5) The straddle-type vehicle of any one of (1) to (4), wherein When the above-mentioned shifting execution conditions are satisfied, after the above-mentioned (A) and (B) processing, In a state in which the input shaft receives a torque in a direction opposite to the rotational direction from the output shaft, the variable speed drive device moves either the first claw or the second claw in the direction of the rotating shaft to become the engagement. In the case of the closed state, the permanent magnet type electric motor is caused to output a torque for accelerating the crankshaft.

Regarding the saddle-riding type vehicle of (5), in the shifting of the gear stage, for example, after the engagement of the first claw and the second claw of the shifting source shift stage is released, the first claw of the shifting target shift stage is released. Fitted with the second claw. Before the engagement state, the difference between the rotational speed of the first jaw and the rotational speed of the second jaw tends to increase due to the torque output by the engine. Regarding the control device for a saddle-riding vehicle according to (5), when the speed change drive device moves either the first claw or the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis to be in the engaged state in the deceleration state, the permanent The magnet-type electric motor outputs torque that accelerates the crankshaft. By outputting the torque for accelerating the crankshaft from the permanent magnet type electric motor, the difference between the rotational speed of the first claw and the rotational speed of the second claw can be suppressed from increasing.

The straddle-type vehicles of (4) and (5) can perform shifting of gear stages more quickly and smoothly.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the straddle-type vehicle can have the following configuration. (6) The straddle-type vehicle of (2), wherein The above-mentioned control device controls the ignition of the above-mentioned engine, When the speed change execution condition is satisfied, in the process of (A), the permanent magnet electric motor is controlled so as to output a torque for decelerating the crankshaft, and ignition of the engine is delayed or stopped.

Regarding the saddle-riding type vehicle of (6), the control device controls the permanent magnet electric motor so as to output a torque for decelerating the crankshaft, and delays or stops the ignition of the engine. Thereby, for example, when the release of the engagement state of the first and second claw is assisted by applying torque by the permanent magnet type electric motor, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of the following situation, that is, the occurrence of the following situation caused by the combustion of the engine. The torque interferes with the release of the fitted state of the first claw and the second claw.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the straddle-type vehicle can have the following configuration. (7) The straddle-type vehicle of any one of (1) to (6), wherein At least one of the first claws or the second claws has a protrusion that enters the space between the other claws and protrudes in the direction of the rotation axis.

With regard to the saddle-riding type vehicle of (7), when the first claw and the second claw are in a power transmission state in which power is transmitted in the acceleration or deceleration direction by contacting and engaging in the circumferential direction, the first claw can be suppressed Either one of the claws and the second claws is easily detached from the space between the claws of the other side. Therefore, it is easy to maintain the fitted state of the first claw and the second claw. Furthermore, when the gear stage is changed, the fitted state can be easily released by reducing the rotational force applied to the first and second pawls. Therefore, the ease of maintaining the fitted state in the power transmission state and the ease of releasing the fitted state when the gear stage is changed can be taken into consideration.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the straddle-type vehicle can have the following configuration. (8) The straddle-type vehicle of any one of (1) to (7), wherein The above-mentioned speed change drive device includes: a shift motor for driving at least one of the first claw and the second claw in the direction of the rotating shaft; and a shift cam for being fixed relative to the shift motor The speed ratio rotates, and a cam groove is formed which defines that at least one of the first claw and the second claw moves in the direction of the rotation axis along with the rotation.

In the variable speed drive device of the saddle-riding type vehicle of (8), the shift cam in which the cam groove is formed is rotated relative to the shift actuator at a fixed speed ratio without, for example, a ratchet mechanism. Since the shift cam rotates at a fixed speed ratio relative to the shift actuator, the positions of the first and second pawls in the rotational axis direction can be more precisely controlled by the operation of the shift actuator. The timing of controlling the rotation of the first jaw and the second jaw by the operation of the permanent magnet type electric motor can more precisely match the timing of controlling the position in the direction of the rotation axis.

According to one aspect of the present invention, the straddle-type vehicle can have the following configuration. (9) The straddle-type vehicle of any one of (1) to (8), wherein The above-mentioned saddle-riding type vehicle includes: a throttle grip that receives an operating force of a rider; and a throttle valve that changes an opening degree by the operating force received by the throttle grip, thereby changing the supply to the engine. supply of fuel.

Regarding the saddle-riding type vehicle of (9), the permanent magnet electric motor adjusts the output torque of the engine when the gear stage is switched. Therefore, even if the opening degree of the throttle valve is not adjusted by electronic control or the like, but is operated by the operating force of the rider, it is possible to smoothly switch the gear stage. Therefore, the straddle-type vehicle of (9) can be made into a throttle grip and a throttle valve with a simple structure.

The technical terms used in this specification are only used to define specific embodiments, and are not intended to limit the invention. The term "and/or" used in this specification includes all or all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. When used in this specification, the use of the terms "including," "comprising," or "having" and their variations identify the features, processes, operations, and elements described. , components and/or their equivalents exist, may include one or more of a group of steps, actions, elements, components, and/or the like. As used in this specification, the terms "installed," "connected," "bonded," and/or their equivalents are used broadly to encompass both direct and indirect installation, connection, and bonding. Furthermore, "connection" and "bonding" are not limited to physical or mechanical connection or bonding, and may include direct or indirect electrical connection or bonding. Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical terms and scientific terms) used in this specification have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. Terms such as terms defined by commonly used dictionaries should be construed to have meanings consistent with the meanings in the context of the related art and the present invention, and need not be idealized or overly formalized as long as they are not explicitly defined in this specification be explained. In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that a plurality of techniques and processes are disclosed. Each of these has individual rights and can be used with one or more of the other disclosed technologies, respectively, or with all of the other disclosed technologies as the case may be. Therefore, for the sake of clarity, this description will reduce unnecessary repetition of all possible combinations of individual steps. Nonetheless, it should be understood that the above-mentioned combinations of the description and the claims are all to be construed within the scope of the present invention and claims.

In this specification, a novel saddle-riding type vehicle will be described. In the following description, for the purpose of illustration, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a complete understanding of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that these specific details may not be required to practice the present invention. The present invention should be considered as an illustration of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments shown in the drawings or descriptions below.

A so-called straddled vehicle is a vehicle in which a rider sits across a saddle. Examples of straddle-type vehicles include scooter-type, light-duty, off-road-type, and road-type locomotives. In addition, the leaning vehicle is an example of a saddle-riding type vehicle, and is configured to be able to turn in a leaning posture so as to be inclined inward with respect to the curve. In addition, the straddle-type vehicle is not limited to a locomotive, but may be, for example, a tricycle, an ATV (All-Terrain Vehicle), or the like. The tricycle can have 2 front wheels and 1 rear wheel, or can have 1 front wheel and 2 rear wheels. The driving wheels of a straddle-type vehicle can be either rear wheels or front wheels.

The leaning vehicle is, for example, a saddle-riding vehicle configured so as to be able to turn in a leaning posture so as to be inclined inward with respect to the curve. A saddle-riding vehicle configured to be able to turn in an inclined posture is configured to turn in a posture inclined inward of the curve. Thereby, it is comprised so that the saddle-riding type vehicle which can turn in an inclined attitude|position resists the centrifugal force applied to the saddle-riding type vehicle at the time of turning. The lightness is required for a saddle-riding vehicle configured to be able to slew in a tilted posture, so the responsiveness to the progress of the starting operation is emphasized. In a saddle-riding vehicle configured to be able to turn in an inclined posture, for example, a torque converter utilizing hydrodynamic action is not provided on the power transmission path from the automatic power source to the drive wheels.

The engine is the power source of the straddle-type vehicle. The engine includes, for example, a single-cylinder engine and an engine having two or more cylinders. The engine may be a gasoline engine or a diesel engine.

The permanent magnet electric motor is a rotary electric machine that can realize both engine start and drive. The permanent magnet type electric motor may also be a rotating electrical machine capable of generating electricity. The permanent magnet type electric motor may be an outer rotor type or an inner rotor type. Also, the permanent magnet type electric motor may be of an axial gap type instead of a radial gap type. The permanent magnet electric motor is connected to the crankshaft so as to rotate at a fixed speed ratio with the crankshaft, which means that there is no power cutoff member such as a clutch or a speed change member between the permanent magnet electric motor and the crankshaft.

The clutch is a power transmission device arranged on the power transmission path between the power source and the driving wheel. For example, the clutch is a friction clutch, which presses a disc provided on the input shaft with a disc provided on the output shaft, and uses the friction force generated by the press to transmit torque. Examples of the friction clutch include, but are not limited to, a wet multi-plate clutch, a dry single-plate clutch, and the like. However, in the present invention, the clutch does not include a torque converter that transmits power via fluid.

The multi-speed transmission is, for example, a dog-type transmission. The jaw-type speed change device includes at least one speed change device in which the drive gear is always meshed with the driven gear. A multi-speed transmission includes a permanent mesh transmission in which all driving gears mesh with the driven gears. The multi-step transmission device outputs a set speed change ratio by selectively combining a drive gear provided on the input shaft and a driven gear provided on the output shaft. The multi-speed transmission includes, for example, a gear stage setting mechanism. The gear stage setting mechanism includes, for example, a shift cam and a shift fork, and rotates the shift cam to move the shift fork in the direction of the rotation axis. Thereby, the sleeve (power transmission member ring) provided in the rotating shaft (at least one of the input shaft and the output shaft) of the multi-speed transmission is moved in the axial direction of the rotating shaft. At this time, the engagement of the driving gear or driven gear of the shifting source gear stage and the engagement of the driving gear or driven gear of the switching source shift stage with the claws of the sleeve that rotates together with the rotating shaft is released. Next, the claws of the drive gear or the driven gear of the gear stage to be switched are engaged with the claws of the sleeve that rotates the drive gear or driven gear of the gear stage of the switching object and the rotating shaft together.

For example, in the case where the second claws are arranged with an interval larger than the circumferential length of the first claws in the circumferential direction, and the first claws are arranged between two second claws arranged adjacent to each other At this time, the gap between the two second claws and the first claws is backlash. For example, when the state of the power source is switched from the deceleration state to the acceleration state, after the first claw located between the two adjacently arranged second claw is separated from the one second claw, it is arranged in the opposite direction. The second claws of different positions in the direction contact again. Thereby, the first claw is engaged with the second claw. The interval between the movement of the first claw from the separation of one of the second claw to the engagement with the second claw that is disposed in the opposite direction is the play.

For example, the 1st claw member is provided in any one of a drive gear and a driven gear. The second claws that are in contact with the first claws with play in the circumferential direction have a shape that generates play between the first claws when located in the space between the first claws adjacent in the circumferential direction, and It is provided so as to move relative to the first claw in the circumferential direction and to come into contact with the first claw in the circumferential direction. The second claws may be provided on either of the driving gear and the driven gear, or may be provided on a sleeve that is a member different from the driving gear and the driven gear. The first claw or the second claw may be a protrusion, or may be a side wall portion that defines a hole or a groove into which the other claw enters. The gear stage setting mechanism of the multi-speed transmission has a first claw and a second claw at each gear stage. However, it does not mean that the shift stage setting mechanism has the first and second pawls individually for each shift stage. The gear stage setting mechanism only needs to have a first claw and a second claw so as to perform an operation for mechanically and selectively setting the power transmission of each gear stage effectively. For example, one claw ring serving as the second claw may be provided so as to correspond to two shifting stages. The circumferential direction in which the first claw and the second claw contact each other is along the direction of the rotation direction of the driving gear or the driven gear on which the first claw is provided.

In a saddle-riding vehicle, the input shaft of the multi-speed transmission is connected to the crankshaft of the engine via, for example, a clutch. In a saddle-riding vehicle, the output shaft of the multi-speed transmission is connected to the drive wheel via a power transmission mechanism such as a chain, for example. When the straddle-type vehicle is in an accelerating state, the input shaft is transmitted with power output from either the engine or the permanent magnet electric motor. The power transmitted to the input shaft is transmitted from the input shaft to the output shaft via the first jaw and the second jaw, and is transmitted to the drive wheel via the power transmission mechanism. When the saddle-riding vehicle is in a deceleration state, the rotational power of the drive wheel is transmitted from the output shaft to the input shaft through the first and second claws. The transmitted rotational power is transmitted from the input shaft to the crankshaft through the clutch.

The torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft refers to the force in the circumferential direction acting between the first claw and the second claw. The so-called circumferential force acting between the first claw and the second claw refers to the circumferential force applied by the first claw to the second claw, or the second claw exerted on the circumference of the first claw. The power of direction. For example, in the case where either the engine or the permanent magnet type electric motor drives the driving wheel, that is, in the acceleration state of the saddle-riding type vehicle, the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft refers to the torque applied by the input shaft. torque to the output shaft. In detail, when the driving gear is provided with the first claw, in the acceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle, the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft is applied by the first claw to the second claw. Circumferential force. In addition, when the driving gear is provided with the second claw, in the acceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle, the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft is applied by the second claw to the circumferential direction of the first claw. Power. Also, when the drive wheel applies a load to the crankshaft, that is, in the deceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle, the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft is the torque applied by the output shaft to the input shaft. Specifically, when the driving gear is provided with the first claw, in the deceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle, the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft is the first claw received from the second claw. Circumferential force. In addition, when the driving gear is provided with the second claw, in the deceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle, the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft is the circumferential direction received by the second claw from the first claw. Power.

The magnitude of the so-called torque refers to the amount of self-torque excluding the directional component. The magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft refers to the amount of torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft. In detail, the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft refers to the magnitude of the force in the circumferential direction acting between the first claw and the second claw, that is, excluding the directional component of the force. quantity. The so-called reduction in the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft means that when the first claw and the second claw are in the engaged state, the torque acting between the first claw and the second claw is reduced. The amount of force in the circumferential direction is reduced. For example, when a saddle-riding vehicle is in an accelerating state, reducing the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft means applying the first and second claws from the input shaft to the output shaft. The amount of torque decreases. In detail, when the drive gear is provided with the first claw, reducing the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft in the acceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle means that the first claw is applied to the first claw. The amount of force in the circumferential direction of the second jaw is reduced. In addition, when the driving gear is provided with the second claw, reducing the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft in the acceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle means that the second claw is applied to the second claw. 1 The amount of force in the circumferential direction of the jaws is reduced. Also, for example, when the straddle-type vehicle is in a decelerating state, the reduction in the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft means that the output shaft is applied to the output shaft through the first and second claws. The amount of torque on the input shaft is reduced. In detail, when the drive gear is provided with the first claw, reducing the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft in the deceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle means that the first claw is automatically The amount of force in the circumferential direction received by the second jaw is reduced. In addition, when the driving gear is provided with the second claw, the so-called reduction in the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft in the deceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle means that the second claw is moved from the first The amount of force in the circumferential direction received by the jaws is reduced.

The variable speed drive device has a drive device (shift actuator) that drives the speed change mechanism of the multi-step speed change device. In variable speed drives, for example, a shift drum that shifts the position of the gears of a multi-speed transmission rotates. The shift actuator is a shift motor. The shift actuator is, for example, a servomotor. In addition, the variable speed drive may have an actuator other than the servo motor. In a variable speed drive, for example, a shift cam is driven to move the shift fork in the direction of the rotation axis of the shift cam. The speed change drive device is configured to drive the shift cam via, for example, a changing mechanism (crab-claw type mechanism). The speed change drive device may be configured to directly drive the shift cam, for example, without going through a changing mechanism.

The multi-speed transmission is, for example, an electric multi-speed transmission including a motor. The multi-speed transmission is, for example, an automatic multi-speed transmission. The automatic multi-speed transmission is configured to, for example, automate controls related to clutch operation and shift change operation. The automatic multi-speed transmission is configured such that, for example, when the following shift execution conditions are satisfied, the control device executes control related to the clutch operation and the shift change operation. The automatic multi-speed transmission device may be configured such that, for example, the control device determines the timing of the shift change, and executes control related to the clutch operation and the shift change operation at the determined timing. For example, the automatic multi-speed transmission may include an input device for shifting in which a rider inputs a command related to the timing of shift change. In this case, the timing of shifting changes is determined by the rider. The automatic multi-speed shift device may be configured such that, for example, the control device executes control related to the clutch operation and the shift change operation at the timing of the shift change input by the rider through the input device for shifting. The input device for shifting is not particularly limited. As the input device for shifting, for example, a conventionally known input device such as a button, a lever, and a pedal can be used. The input device for shifting is configured such that, for example, an instruction to perform an upshift or a downshift can be input. The control associated with the action of the clutch is the control of the clutch actuator. The control associated with the shift change action is the control of the variable speed drive with the shift actuator.

The control device may also have a processor for executing a program, and may also be an electronic circuit.

The "shift execution condition" is a condition used to determine the timing of the shift change, which also determines whether to perform either an upshift or a downshift from the current gear stage. When the speed change execution condition is satisfied, the control related to the clutch action and the shift change action is executed. When the timing of the shift change is determined by the control device, the control device determines whether the shift execution condition is satisfied based on at least one parameter related to the running of the straddle-type vehicle. As this parameter, a vehicle speed, an engine rotation speed, a current gear stage, etc. are mentioned, for example. When the timing of the shift change is determined according to the operation of the shift input device by the rider, the control device determines whether the shift execution condition is satisfied based on the shift change instruction input through the shift input device.

When the permanent magnet electric motor outputs torque, the torque applied to the forward rotation direction of the crankshaft is the acceleration torque, and the torque that stops the rotation of the crankshaft is zero torque, and will be applied to the rotation direction opposite to the forward rotation direction of the crankshaft. Torque is set as deceleration torque. Here, the forward rotation direction of the crankshaft is the same as the direction of the torque output to the crankshaft by the engine through gas combustion. The control device controls the output torque of the permanent magnet electric motor, thereby changing the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft. Hereinafter, the control of the permanent-magnet type electric motor by the control device will be described into a case where the straddle-type vehicle is in an acceleration state and a case in which it is in a deceleration state.

The above-mentioned processes (A) and (B) are sequentially executed by the control device in the order of (A) and (B), for example. [Effect of invention]

According to the present invention, the straddle-type vehicle equipped with the automatic transmission device can quickly and smoothly switch the gear stage.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment] FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the configuration of a saddle-riding vehicle 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention. Here, FIG.1(a) is a side view which shows the structure of the saddle-riding type vehicle 1 in a simplified manner. FIG. 1( b ) is an enlarged view showing a part of operations of the engine 20 , the clutch 50 and the multi-speed transmission 40 of the saddle-riding vehicle. FIGS. 1( c ) to ( e ) are diagrams showing the operations of the permanent magnet type electric motor 30 and the first claws 43 and the second claws 44 of the multi-step transmission 40 . In FIGS. 1( c ) to ( e ), a part of the first claws 43 and the second claws 44 are shown in cross-sectional views in the circumferential direction. In this specification and the drawings, F represents the front of the saddle-riding vehicle 1 . B represents the rear of the straddle-type vehicle 1 . FB represents the front-rear direction of the straddle-type vehicle 1 . U represents above the straddle-type vehicle 1 . D represents the underside of the straddle-type vehicle 1 . UD represents the vertical direction of the saddle-riding vehicle 1 .

As shown in FIG. 1( a ), the saddle-riding vehicle of FIG. 1 includes an engine 20 , a permanent magnet electric motor 30 , drive wheels 15 , a clutch 50 , a multi-speed transmission 40 , a transmission drive 45 , and a control device 80 . The engine 20 has a crankshaft 24 that rotates. The engine 20 outputs the power generated by the combustion of the air-fuel mixture from the crankshaft 24 as torque and rotational force of the crankshaft 24 . The permanent magnet electric motor 30 is connected to the crankshaft 24 so as to rotate at a fixed speed ratio with the crankshaft 24 . The permanent magnet type electric motor 30 receives power supply and outputs power. In this embodiment, the permanent magnet type electric motor 30 is directly connected to the crankshaft 24 . The drive wheels 15 are driven by power output from at least one of the engine 20 and the permanent magnet type electric motor 30 .

As shown in FIGS. 1( a ) and ( b ), the multi-speed transmission 40 is provided on the power transmission path between the crankshaft 24 of the engine 20 and the driving wheels 15 . As shown in FIG. 1( b ), the multi-speed transmission 40 includes an input shaft 41 , an output shaft 42 , a first claw 43 and a second claw 44 . The first claws 43 and the second claws 44 are provided at each of the plurality of shift stages. The first claws 43 are provided with a space in the circumferential direction. The second claw 44 is provided so as to enter the space of the first claw 43 along with the movement in the direction of the rotation axis, thereby being in a state of being fitted with the first claw. In addition, the second claw 44 is provided so as to be released from the fitted state by being separated from the space of the first claw 43 . The multi-speed transmission 4 effectively sets the power transmission of the selected shift stage according to the engagement state of the first and second pawls 43 and 44 of the selected shift stage. The first claws 43 and the second claws 44 perform power transmission between the input shaft 41 and the output shaft 42 when they are in the fitted state, and block the space between the input shaft 41 and the output shaft 42 when the fitted state is released. power transmission. The clutch 50 is disposed between the crankshaft 24 of the engine 20 and the input shaft 41 of the multi-speed transmission 40 . The clutch 50 performs power transmission between the crankshaft 24 and the input shaft 41 or blocks the power transmission between the crankshaft 24 and the input shaft 41 . The speed change drive device 45 moves any one of the first claw 43 and the second claw 44 in the direction of the rotation axis of the first claw 43 and the second claw 44 .

The control device 80 controls the permanent magnet electric motor 30 and the variable speed drive device 45 . Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 1( c ) to ( e ), the control device 80 is configured to sequentially perform the following processes (A) and (B) when the speed change execution condition is satisfied. (A) The permanent magnet type electric motor 30 is controlled in such a way as to reduce the magnitude of the torque T1 transmitted between the input shaft 41 and the output shaft 42 of the multi-speed transmission 40 ( FIGS. 1( c ) to ( d ) ) . (B) The speed change drive device 45 is controlled in such a manner that the speed change drive device 45 moves either the first claw 43 or the second claw 44 in the direction of the rotation axis to release the fitted state ( FIG. 1( e )) . Thereby, in the multi-speed transmission 40, the torque transmitted by the first pawl 43 and the second pawl 44 is reduced by engaging in contact with each other in the circumferential direction.

The torque T is transmitted between the input shaft 41 and the output shaft 42 of the multi-speed transmission 40 of the straddle-type vehicle 1 . At this time, the first claw 43 applies a circumferential force G to the second claw 44, or the second claw 44 applies a circumferential force G to the first claw 43 (FIG. 1(c)). When the magnitude of the torque T1 transmitted between the input shaft 41 and the output shaft 42 of the multi-speed transmission 40 is reduced, the circumferential force G acting between the first claws 43 and the second claws 44 decreases. In the present embodiment, the control device 80 controls, for example, the permanent magnet electric motor 30 to output a torque T2 in the opposite direction to the torque T1 ( FIG. 1( d )). By reducing the force G in the circumferential direction acting between the first claw 43 and the second claw 44, before the first claw 43 or the second claw 44 moves in the direction of the rotation axis, the first claw 43 and the The frictional force generated between the second claws 44 is reduced. Therefore, the first claw 43 and the second claw 44 can relatively move in the rotation axis direction. Thereby, the first claws 43 and the second claws 44 are separated in the rotation axis direction, and the engagement of the first claws 43 and the second claws 44 is released ( FIG. 1( e )). Therefore, for example, the engagement of the first claw 43 and the second claw 44 can be released without interrupting the transmission of the power output from the engine 20 via the clutch 50 . That is, the selection and release of the shifting stage of the switching source of the multi-speed transmission 40 can be realized without waiting for the operation of the clutch 50 . In addition, the first pawl 43 and the second pawl 44 of the selected shift stage can be fitted without waiting for the operation of the clutch 50 .

In this way, by using the permanent magnet electric motor 30 to drive the crankshaft 24, it is possible to instantly control the relationship between the first claw 43 and the second claw 44 without waiting for the operation of the clutch 50 or the arrival of the combustion stroke of the engine 20 during the shift stage. Removal of the fitted state. Therefore, the time resolution of the shift stage switching operation is improved, and the responsiveness to the shift stage switching operation is improved. Therefore, the straddle-type vehicle 1 provided with the automatic transmission device of the present embodiment can quickly and smoothly switch the gear stage.

[Second Embodiment] A second embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, the permanent magnet electric motor in the acceleration state and the deceleration state, and the first and second claws of the multi-speed transmission are configured to operate as follows. 2 shows the permanent magnet electric motor 30 of the saddle-riding vehicle and the first claws 43-1 to 43-2 and the second claws 44-1 of the multi-speed transmission 40 according to the second embodiment of the present invention ~44-2 Action diagram. Here, FIGS. 2(a-1) to (a-5) show the permanent magnet electric motor 30 and the first claws 43-1 to 43 of the multi-speed transmission 40 in the acceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle 2 -2 and the movement of the second claws 44-1 to 44-2. 2 (b-1) to (b-5) show the permanent magnet electric motor 30 and the first claws 43-1 to 43- of the multi-speed transmission 40 in the deceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle 2 2 and the movement of the second claws 44-1 to 44-2. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the saddle-riding vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 are assigned to the same components as those of the first embodiment, and a part of the description is omitted. In addition, the configuration and control of the present embodiment may be combined with the first embodiment.

First, the acceleration state of the straddle-type vehicle 2 will be described. The acceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle 2 refers to a state in which the input shaft 41 receives the torque T3 in the same direction as the rotational direction X from the crankshaft 24 . At this time, the first claw 43-1 of the shift source of the switching source applies a circumferential force G1 to the second claw 44-1 (FIG. 2(a-1)). After the control device 80 of the saddle-riding vehicle 2 (see FIG. 1( a )) is released from the engagement of the first claw 43 - 1 and the second claw 44 - 1 of the first shift stage of the multi-speed transmission 40 , The first pawl 43-2 of the selected gear stage is fitted with the second pawl 44-2. In the saddle-riding vehicle 2 of the present embodiment, when the speed change execution condition is satisfied in the acceleration state ( FIG. 2( a - 1 )), the control device 80 reduces the input shaft 41 and the output shaft of the multi-speed transmission 40 The permanent magnet type electric motor 30 is controlled by the magnitude of the torque T3 transmitted between 42 (processing (A)). At this time, the control device 80 controls the permanent magnet electric motor 30 so that the permanent magnet electric motor 30 outputs a torque T4 for decelerating the crankshaft 24 ( FIG. 2( a - 2 )). Next, the control device 80 moves one of the first claw 43-1 and the second claw 44-1 (the second claw 44-1 in the present embodiment) in the direction of the rotation axis by the speed change drive device 45 to To release the fitted state, the variable speed drive device 45 is controlled (FIG. 2(a-3), process (B)). After the processing of (A) and (B), the control device 80 causes the permanent magnet electric motor 30 to output a torque T5 for decelerating the crankshaft 24 ( FIG. 2( a - 4 )). Next, the control device 80 moves any one of the first claw 43-2 and the second claw 44-2 (the second claw 44-2 in this embodiment) in the direction of the rotation axis to be in a fitted state In this way, the variable speed drive 45 is controlled (FIG. 2(a-5)).

In the saddle-riding type vehicle 2, when the speed change drive device 45 moves either the first claw 43-1 and the second claw 44-1 in the direction of the rotation axis to release the engaged state in the acceleration state, it is permanent. The magnet-type electric motor 30 outputs a torque T4 for decelerating the crankshaft 24 . Thereby, the frictional force generated between the first claws 43-1 and the second claws 44-1 is reduced. In addition, when the straddle-type vehicle 2 is switching the gear stage, for example, after the engagement of the first pawl 43 - 1 and the second pawl 44 - 1 of the shifting source shift stage is released, the first shifting target shifting stage is released. The first claw 43-2 and the second claw 44-2 are in a fitted state. Before the engagement state, the difference between the rotational speed of the first claw 43-2 and the rotational speed of the second claw 44-2 tends to increase due to the torque T3 output by the engine 20. The control device of the saddle-riding vehicle 2 when the speed change drive device 45 moves any one of the first claw 43-2 and the second claw 44-2 in the direction of the rotation axis to be in the engaged state in the acceleration state 80 causes the permanent magnet electric motor 30 to output a torque T5 for decelerating the crankshaft 24 . By outputting the torque T5 for decelerating the crankshaft 24 from the permanent magnet electric motor 30, the difference between the rotational speed of the first claw 43-2 and the rotational speed of the second claw 44-2 can be suppressed from increasing.

Next, the deceleration state of the straddle-type vehicle 2 will be described. The deceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle 2 is a state in which the crankshaft 24 receives the torque T6 in the opposite direction to the rotational direction X from the output shaft 42 via the input shaft 41 . That is, the so-called deceleration state of the saddle-riding vehicle 2 refers to a state in which the crankshaft 24 applies the torque T6 in the opposite direction to the rotational direction X to the input shaft 41 . At this time, the second claw 44-1 of the shifting source of the switching source applies a circumferential force G2 to the first claw 43-1 (FIG. 2(b-1)). In the saddle-riding type vehicle 2 of the present embodiment, when the speed change execution condition is satisfied in the deceleration state, the control device 80 reduces the torque T6 transmitted between the input shaft 41 and the output shaft 42 of the multi-speed transmission device 40 . The permanent magnet type electric motor 30 is controlled by the size (processing (A)). At this time, the control device 80 controls the permanent magnet electric motor 30 so that the permanent magnet electric motor 30 outputs a torque T7 for accelerating the crankshaft 24 ( FIG. 2( b - 2 )). Next, the control device 80 moves one of the first claw 43-1 and the second claw 44-1 (the second claw 44-1 in the present embodiment) in the direction of the rotation axis by the speed change drive device 45 to The variable speed drive device 45 is controlled so as to release the fitted state (FIG. 2(b-3), process (B)). After the processing of (A) and (B), the control device 80 causes the permanent magnet electric motor 30 to output a torque T8 for accelerating the crankshaft 24 ( FIG. 2( b - 4 )). Next, the control device 80 moves one of the first claw 43-2 and the second claw 44-2 (the second claw 44-2 in the present embodiment) in the direction of the rotation axis to be in a fitted state. mode control the variable speed drive 45 (FIG. 2(b-5)).

In the case of a saddle-riding vehicle, when the speed change drive device 45 moves either the first claw 43-1 and the second claw 44-1 in the direction of the rotation axis in the decelerating state to release the engaged state, The permanent magnet type electric motor 30 outputs a torque T7 for accelerating the crankshaft 24 . Thereby, the frictional force generated between the first claws 43-1 and the second claws 44-1 is reduced. In addition, when the straddle-type vehicle 2 is switching the gear stage, for example, after the engagement of the first pawl 43 - 1 and the second pawl 44 - 1 of the shifting source shift stage is released, the first shifting target shifting stage is released. The first claw 43-2 and the second claw 44-2 are in a fitted state. Before the engagement state, the difference between the rotational speed of the first pawl 43-2 and the rotational speed of the second pawl 44-2 tends to increase due to the torque T6 transmitted from the drive wheel 15. The control device of the saddle-riding vehicle 2 when the speed change drive device 45 moves either the first claw 43-2 and the second claw 44-2 in the direction of the rotation axis in the decelerated state to be in the engaged state 80 causes the permanent magnet electric motor 30 to output a torque T8 that accelerates the crankshaft 24 . By outputting the torque T8 for accelerating the crankshaft 24 from the permanent magnet electric motor 30, the difference between the rotational speed of the first claw 43-2 and the rotational speed of the second claw 44-2 can be suppressed from increasing.

In the saddle-ridden vehicle 2 of the present embodiment, the time resolution of the shift stage switching operation is improved, and the responsiveness to the shift stage switching operation is improved compared to the case of adjusting the output of the engine 20 . Therefore, the straddle-type vehicle 2 provided with the automatic transmission device of the present embodiment can quickly and smoothly switch the gear stage.

[Third Embodiment] A third embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, the control device of the saddle-riding vehicle 1 according to the first embodiment is further configured as follows. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the operation of the control device 83 of the saddle-riding vehicle 3 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the saddle-riding vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 are assigned to the same components as those of the first embodiment, and a part of the description is omitted. In addition, the configuration and control of this embodiment may be combined with the first embodiment and the second embodiment.

The control device 83 of the saddle-ridden vehicle 3 of the present embodiment controls ignition of the engine 20 . When the speed change execution condition is satisfied (step S101 ), in the process of (A) (step S102 ), the control device 83 controls the permanent magnet electric motor 30 to output a torque for decelerating the crankshaft 24 The motor 30 is activated, and the ignition of the engine is retarded (step S103). In addition, in the process of (A), the control device 83 may control the permanent magnet electric motor 30 by causing the permanent magnet electric motor 30 to output a torque for decelerating the crankshaft 24, and stop the ignition of the engine (step S103). . Then, the control apparatus 83 performs the process of (B) (step S104).

In the saddle-ridden vehicle 3 of the present embodiment, when the permanent magnet type electric motor 30 provides torque to assist the release of the engagement state of the first claw 43 and the second claw 44, the following situation can be suppressed The occurrence, that is, the torque generated by the combustion of the engine 20 prevents the release of the fitted state.

[4th Embodiment] A fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the saddle-ridden vehicle 4 of the present embodiment, the multi-speed transmission 40 is configured as follows. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a part of a multi-speed transmission 40 of a saddle-riding vehicle 4 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the saddle-riding vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 are assigned to the components corresponding to the first embodiment, and a part of the description is omitted. In addition, the configuration and control of this embodiment may be combined with any one of the first to third embodiments.

At least one of the first claws 43-3 or the second claws 44-3 of the multi-speed transmission 40 of the saddle-riding type vehicle 4 of the present embodiment has a space between the opposing claws and faces in the direction of the rotation axis Prominent protrusions. The protrusion has a shape in which the width in the circumferential direction increases toward the front end. In the example shown in FIG. 4, the protrusion which the 2nd claw 44-3 has has the shape which the width|variety in the circumferential direction becomes large toward the front-end|tip. The first claw 43-3 has a shape corresponding to the protrusion of the second claw 44-3. That is, the first claws 43-3 have a space between the two first claws 43-3 arranged in the circumferential direction, that is, the width in the circumferential direction of the space into which the second claws 44-3 is entered is wider toward the inner part. wide shape. In this embodiment, by the same method as in the first embodiment, the control device 80 releases the engagement of the first claw 43-3 and the second claw 44-3 of the multi-speed transmission 40 (FIG. 4(a). ) to (c)).

In the saddle-riding type vehicle 4, when the first claws 43-3 and the second claws 44-3 are in the power transmission state in which the power is transmitted in the acceleration or deceleration direction by contacting and engaging in the circumferential direction, it is possible to It is suppressed that any one of the first claws 43 - 3 and the second claws 44 - 3 is easily detached from the space between the other claws. Therefore, the fitted state of the first claws 43-3 and the second claws 44-3 can be easily maintained. Furthermore, when the gear stage is changed, the rotational force applied to the first claw 43 and the second claw 44 is reduced, so that the fitted state can be easily released. Therefore, the straddle-type vehicle of the present embodiment can easily achieve both the ease of maintenance of the fitted state in the power transmission state and the ease of release of the fitted state when the gear stage is changed.

[Fifth Embodiment] A fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, the multi-speed transmission 40 of the saddle-riding type vehicle is configured as follows. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a multi-speed transmission 40 of a saddle-riding vehicle 5 according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the saddle-ridden vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 are assigned to the elements corresponding to the first embodiment, and a part of the description is omitted. In addition, the configuration and control of this embodiment may be combined with any one of the first to fourth embodiments.

The speed change drive device 45 of the saddle-riding type vehicle 5 of the present embodiment includes a shift motor 46 and a shift cam 47 . The shift motor 46 drives at least one of the first claw 43 and the second claw 44 in the rotation axis direction. The shift cam 47 rotates at a fixed speed ratio relative to the shift motor 46 . A cam groove is formed in the shift cam 47, and this cam groove defines that at least one of the first claw 43 and the second claw 44 moves in the direction of the rotation axis as it rotates.

In the shift drive device 45 of the saddle-riding vehicle 5 of the present embodiment, the shift cam 47 having the cam groove 471 formed thereon is connected to the shift motor 46 without interposing, for example, a ratchet mechanism. The shift cam 47 rotates at a fixed speed ratio relative to the shift motor 46 . Therefore, the positions in the rotation axis direction of the first claw 43 and the second claw 44 can be easily and more precisely controlled by the operation of the shift motor 46 . Therefore, the control timing of controlling the rotation of the first claw 43 and the second claw 44 by the operation of the permanent magnet type electric motor 30 can more precisely match the control timing of the position in the rotation axis direction.

[Sixth Embodiment] A sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. In the present embodiment, the straddle-type vehicle is configured as follows. FIG. 6 is a side view showing a simplified structure of a saddle-riding vehicle 6 according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. In the present embodiment, the same reference numerals as those of the saddle-riding vehicle 1 shown in FIG. 1 are assigned to the same components as those of the first embodiment, and a part of the description is omitted. In addition, the configuration and control of this embodiment may be combined with any one of the first to fifth embodiments.

The saddle-ridden vehicle 6 of the present embodiment includes: a throttle grip 11 that receives an operating force of the rider; and a throttle valve 12 that changes the opening degree according to the operating force received by the throttle grip 11 , and the amount of fuel supplied to the engine 20 is changed.

In the saddle-ridden vehicle 6 of the present embodiment, the permanent magnet electric motor 30 adjusts the output torque of the engine 20 when the gear stage is switched. Therefore, even if the opening degree of the throttle valve 12 is not adjusted by electronic control or the like, but is operated by, for example, the rider's operating force transmitted through the mechanical wire 121 , the shift stage can be smoothly switched. Therefore, the straddle-type vehicle 6 can be made into the throttle grip 11 and the throttle valve 12 with a simple structure.

1: Straddle vehicle 2: Straddle vehicle 3: Straddle vehicle 4: Straddle vehicle 5: Straddle vehicle 6: Straddle vehicle 15: Drive Wheel 17: Power storage device 20: Engine 24: Crankshaft 30: Permanent magnet electric motor 40: Multi-speed transmission 41: Input shaft 42: Output shaft 43-1: 1st jaw 43-2: 1st jaw 43-3: 1st jaw 44-1: 2nd jaw 44-2: 2nd jaw 44-3: 2nd jaw 45: Variable Speed Drive 50: Clutch 70: Drive 80: Control device 83: Controls G: force in the circumferential direction S101: Steps S102: Steps S103: Steps S104: Steps T1: Torque T2: Torque T3: Torque T4: Torque T5: Torque T6: Torque T7: Torque T8: Torque

FIGS. 1( a ) to ( e ) are diagrams showing the structure of a saddle-riding vehicle according to the first embodiment of the present invention. 2(a-1) to (a-5) and (b-1) to (b-5) show a permanent magnet electric motor and a multi-speed transmission of a saddle-riding vehicle according to a second embodiment of the present invention Diagram showing the movement of the first and second jaws of the device. 3 is a diagram showing the operation of the control device for the saddle-riding vehicle according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIGS. 4( a ) to ( c ) are cross-sectional views showing a part of a multi-speed transmission of a saddle-riding type vehicle according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention on an enlarged scale. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a multi-speed transmission for a saddle-riding vehicle according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. 6 is a side view showing a simplified structure of a saddle-riding vehicle according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

1: Straddle vehicle

15: Drive Wheel

17: Power storage device

20: Engine

24: Crankshaft

30: Permanent magnet electric motor

40: Multi-speed transmission

41: Input shaft

42: Output shaft

43: 1st jaw

44: 2nd jaw

45: Variable Speed Drive

50: Clutch

70: Drive

80: Control device

G: force in the circumferential direction

T1: Torque

T2: Torque

Claims (9)

A straddle-type vehicle having: An engine, which has a rotating crankshaft, and outputs the power generated by combustion as the torque and rotational force of the crankshaft; A permanent magnet electric motor, which is connected to the crankshaft in a manner of rotating at a fixed speed ratio with the crankshaft, and receives the supply of electric power to output power; a drive wheel driven by power output from at least one of the above-mentioned engine and the above-mentioned permanent magnet electric motor; A multi-stage transmission, which is arranged on a power transmission path between the crankshaft and the drive wheel, and has an input shaft, an output shaft, a first claw and a second claw, and the first claw and the second claw correspond to In each of the plurality of shifting stages, the first claw is provided with a space in the circumferential direction, and the second claw is disposed so as to enter the space of the first claw along with the movement in the direction of the rotation axis, Thereby, it is in a state of being engaged with the first claw, and the engaged state is released by disengaging from the space of the first claw. In the fitted state, the power transmission of the selected gear stage is effectively set, and the power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft is performed by the first claw and the second claw in the fitted state. The power transmission between the input shaft and the output shaft is blocked by releasing the fitted state; a clutch, which is arranged between the crankshaft and the input shaft, and performs power transmission between the crankshaft and the input shaft, or blocks the power transmission between the crankshaft and the input shaft; A variable speed drive device that moves either one of the first and second jaws in the direction of the rotation axis; and A control device configured to perform the following processes (A) and (B) in sequence when the speed change execution condition is satisfied, that is, (A) controlling the permanent magnet electric motor in such a way as to reduce the magnitude of the torque transmitted between the input shaft and the output shaft of the multi-speed transmission; (B) The speed change drive device is controlled such that the speed change drive device moves either the first claw or the second claw in the rotation axis direction to release the fitted state. Such as the straddle-type vehicle of claim 1, wherein The above control device In a state where the input shaft receives a torque in the same direction as the rotation direction from the crankshaft, and the speed change execution condition is satisfied, in the process (A), the output of the permanent magnet electric motor is used to decelerate the crankshaft. The above-mentioned permanent magnet electric motor is controlled by means of torque. A straddle-type vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein The above control device In the case where the above-mentioned speed change execution condition is satisfied in a state where the above-mentioned input shaft receives a torque in a direction opposite to the rotational direction from the above-mentioned output shaft, in the above-mentioned process (A), the output of the above-mentioned permanent magnet type electric motor is used to drive the above-mentioned crankshaft. The above-mentioned permanent magnet electric motor is controlled by means of the acceleration torque. A straddle-type vehicle as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein When the above-mentioned shifting execution conditions are satisfied, after the above-mentioned (A) and (B) processing, In a state where the input shaft receives a torque in the same direction as the rotation direction from the crankshaft, the speed change drive device moves either of the first claw and the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis to be in the fitted state In this case, the control device causes the permanent magnet type electric motor to output a torque for decelerating the crankshaft. A straddle-type vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein When the above-mentioned shifting execution conditions are satisfied, after the above-mentioned (A) and (B) processing, In a state in which the input shaft receives a torque in a direction opposite to the rotation direction from the output shaft, the speed change drive device moves either the first claw or the second claw in the direction of the rotation axis to achieve the fitting. In the case of the state, the control device causes the permanent magnet electric motor to output a torque for accelerating the crankshaft. Such as the straddle-type vehicle of claim 2, wherein The above-mentioned control device controls the ignition of the above-mentioned engine, When the speed change execution condition is satisfied, in the process of (A), the permanent magnet electric motor is controlled so as to output a torque for decelerating the crankshaft, and ignition of the engine is delayed or stopped. The straddle-type vehicle of any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein At least one of the first claws or the second claws has a protrusion that enters the space between the other claws and protrudes in the direction of the rotation axis. A straddle-type vehicle as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein The above-mentioned speed change drive device includes: a shift motor for driving at least one of the first claw and the second claw in the direction of the rotating shaft; and a shift cam for being fixed relative to the shift motor The speed ratio rotates, and a cam groove is formed which defines that at least one of the first claw and the second claw moves in the direction of the rotation axis along with the rotation. The straddle-type vehicle of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein The above-mentioned saddle-riding type vehicle includes: a throttle grip that receives an operating force of a rider; and a throttle valve that changes an opening degree by the operating force received by the throttle grip, thereby changing the supply to the engine. supply of fuel.

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