TW202203793A - 具多功能的智能紡織衣材料 - Google Patents

具多功能的智能紡織衣材料 Download PDF

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TW202203793A
TW202203793A TW109125134A TW109125134A TW202203793A TW 202203793 A TW202203793 A TW 202203793A TW 109125134 A TW109125134 A TW 109125134A TW 109125134 A TW109125134 A TW 109125134A TW 202203793 A TW202203793 A TW 202203793A
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iodine
polypyrrole
modified
multifunctional smart
heating
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TW109125134A
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TWI710327B (zh
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蔡岱勳
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蔡岱勳
蔡獻逸
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Priority to US17/029,244 priority patent/US11661681B2/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/16—Yarns or threads made from mineral substances
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/02—Yarns or threads characterised by the material or by the materials from which they are made
    • D02G3/04—Blended or other yarns or threads containing components made from different materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D02—YARNS; MECHANICAL FINISHING OF YARNS OR ROPES; WARPING OR BEAMING
    • D02G—CRIMPING OR CURLING FIBRES, FILAMENTS, THREADS, OR YARNS; YARNS OR THREADS
    • D02G3/00—Yarns or threads, e.g. fancy yarns; Processes or apparatus for the production thereof, not otherwise provided for
    • D02G3/44—Yarns or threads characterised by the purpose for which they are designed
    • D02G3/441—Yarns or threads with antistatic, conductive or radiation-shielding properties
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/356—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of other unsaturated compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, silicon or phosphorus atoms
    • D06M15/3562—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of other unsaturated compounds containing nitrogen, sulfur, silicon or phosphorus atoms containing nitrogen
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D06M15/61—Polyamines polyimines
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/10—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor
    • H05B3/12—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material
    • H05B3/14—Heating elements characterised by the composition or nature of the materials or by the arrangement of the conductor characterised by the composition or nature of the conductive material the material being non-metallic
    • H05B3/145—Carbon only, e.g. carbon black, graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B3/00—Ohmic-resistance heating
    • H05B3/20—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater
    • H05B3/34—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs
    • H05B3/342—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles
    • H05B3/347—Heating elements having extended surface area substantially in a two-dimensional plane, e.g. plate-heater flexible, e.g. heating nets or webs heaters used in textiles woven fabrics
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A41—WEARING APPAREL
    • A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
    • A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
    • A41D13/002—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment
    • A41D13/005—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches with controlled internal environment with controlled temperature
    • A41D13/0051—Heated garments
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M11/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising
    • D06M11/73—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof
    • D06M11/74—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with inorganic substances or complexes thereof; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment, e.g. mercerising with carbon or compounds thereof with carbon or graphite; with carbides; with graphitic acids or their salts
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
    • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
    • D06M2101/00—Chemical constitution of the fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, to be treated
    • D06M2101/40—Fibres of carbon
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2101/00—Inorganic fibres
    • D10B2101/10—Inorganic fibres based on non-oxides other than metals
    • D10B2101/12—Carbon; Pitch
    • D10B2101/122—Nanocarbons
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2201/00—Cellulose-based fibres, e.g. vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/01—Natural vegetable fibres
    • D10B2201/02—Cotton
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/16—Physical properties antistatic; conductive
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/014—Heaters using resistive wires or cables not provided for in H05B3/54
    • H05B2203/015—Heater wherein the heating element is interwoven with the textile
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/036—Heaters specially adapted for garment heating
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2214/00—Aspects relating to resistive heating, induction heating and heating using microwaves, covered by groups H05B3/00, H05B6/00
    • H05B2214/04—Heating means manufactured by using nanotechnology

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Professional, Industrial, Or Sporting Protective Garments (AREA)

Abstract

本發明有關於一種具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，其包括複數條導電紗線，且每一導電紗線包括棉線、多壁奈米碳管(multiwalled carbon nanotubes)和與碘(iodine)改質的聚吡咯(polypyrrole)，其中棉線、多壁奈米碳管和碘改質的聚吡咯以重量比為1~3:1:1相互交織；藉此，本發明兼具較佳的電加熱和熱傳導功效。

Description

具多功能的智能紡織衣材料
本發明係有關於一種紡織衣材料，尤其係指具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，其兼具較佳電加熱和熱傳導功效。
在寒冷或下雪的區域或於低溫環境從事戶外活動(如滑雪時)者，通常需要穿著保暖衣物以避免失溫，然而，現有的電熱衣受限於材料選擇，其電加熱效果仍然不佳，且通常僅具有電加熱等單一功能而不具備電轉換功能，因此使用者如欲具備足夠電量以長期在戶外活動，通常需攜帶多量的電池或電源充電器。
舉例而言，美國專利公告第US9833027B2號即揭示一種「一體式的服裝加熱裝置(Unitary garment heating device)」，其包括多個織物加熱節點(fabric heating nodes)，所述多個織物加熱節點通過單一的織物加熱導管(unitary fabric heating conduit)連接，以在整個服裝中產生均勻的熱量，並可藉由遠程通信設備控制加熱裝置；中華民國專利公開第TW201929705A號揭示一種「具環境感測能力的加熱衣與其加熱方法」，其包含一衣物、一加熱片模組、一環境參數感測器以感測至少一環境參數、以及一外接式控制供電模組，其中加熱片模組、環境參數感測器與外接式控制供電模組分別設置於衣物之適當部位；且外接式控制供電模組分別連接加熱片模組與環境參數感測器，以提供電力、接收環境參數感測器傳來的環境感測參數的數值、控制加熱片模組的加熱。然而，上述裝置雖然具有服裝加熱功能，但加熱效果有限，且僅能完全仰賴電池或外部電源等充電，一旦電量耗盡，穿戴者便必須立刻找尋可以更換電池或進行充電的地方，對於長時間在戶外工作或從事活動的使用者而言較為不便。
中華民國專利公告第TWI663927B號揭示一種「智能衣飾」，其包括：穿戴裝置，包括基布以及與基布結合之發熱元件；控制模組，其係電性連接至發熱元件；以及智慧控制裝置，無線連接至控制模組，以遠端調控控制模組；其中發熱元件包含直接設置於基布的導電線路及碳膠，且導電線路包含導電膠，導電膠與碳膠之重量比例約為1：1、2：1或4：1；上述結構雖然可以藉由穿戴裝置上的發光元件及發熱元件使衣飾同時達到主動式警示功能及保溫效果，且藉由發熱元件中的碳膠達到恆溫效果，但於實際實施使用上仍具有無法儲存電量或自行充電之缺失。
另，中國專利公告第CN206791721U號揭示一種「太陽能充電發熱衣服」，其主要包括有外層及內襯的衣服本體，在衣服本體的正面設有上口袋，其特徵在於：衣服本體上還設有太陽能轉換吸收元件組、電力變換單元、柔性鋅基高能量密度的可充電電池、LED燈、發熱電阻片、USB接口，以及用於控制LED燈和發熱電阻片的開關，各元件並通過固定於衣服本體外層與內襯之間的導線連接；上述結構雖然達到充電效果，但需透過複雜的元件設置能達成，對於從事活動的使用者而言極為不便。
中國專利公開第CN104921316A號亦揭示「一種自發熱保暖衣」，其包括鑲嵌有發熱網的衣服和摩擦電奈米發電機，所述摩擦電奈米發電機包括柔性導電內膜、柔性聚合物層和導電層，所述摩擦電奈米發電機與發熱網連接；雖然上述保暖衣亦能藉由收集人體活動時自身產生的動能，並將動能轉換為電能用於驅動發熱網發熱，但上述熱保暖衣亦有結構複雜、製備過程繁瑣、成本高且不易於穿戴之缺失。
今，發明人即是鑑於上述現有之電熱衣材料於實際實施使用時仍具有的缺失，而加以改善，並據此研創出本發明。
本發明主要目的為提供一種具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，不僅具有兼具較佳的電加熱功效，亦具有較佳的柔韌性、溫度可控性和導電性。
為了達到上述實施目的，本發明提供一種具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，其包括複數條導電紗線，且每一導電紗線包括棉線、多壁奈米碳管(multiwalled carbon nanotubes)和與碘(iodine)改質的聚吡咯(polypyrrole)，其中棉線、多壁奈米碳管和碘改質的聚吡咯以重量比約為1~3:1:1相互交織。
於本發明之一實施例中，所述具多功能的智能紡織衣材料可進一步包含一壓電材料，且導電紗線與壓電材料的重量比約為1:1~4:1，較佳而言，壓電材料可例如選自共聚物聚偏二氟乙烯-共-三氟乙烯[poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-tri-fluoroethylene)， P(VDF-TrFE)]，或為由P(VDF-TrFE)與多壁奈米碳管聚合成的複合材料。
於本發明之一實施例中，所述具多功能的智能紡織衣材料可設置於一基布，較佳而言，基布可例如選自於由聚酯、改質聚酯、尼龍、改質尼龍、聚胺基甲酸酯(PU)、熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯彈性體(TPU)及壓克力樹脂(acryl resin)所構成之群組。
藉此，本發明具有較佳的電加熱和電傳導功效，因此適合使用者於戶外活動時穿戴，相較於現有的電熱衣材料，由本發明製得的智慧衣具有較高使用便利性。
本發明之目的及其結構功能上的優點，將依據以下圖面所示之結構，配合具體實施例予以說明，俾使審查委員能對本發明有更深入且具體之瞭解。
本發明提供一種具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，其包括複數條導電紗線，且每一導電紗線包括棉線、多壁奈米碳管(multiwalled carbon nanotubes，簡稱MWCNTs)和碘改質的聚吡咯(polypyrrole，簡稱PPy)，其中棉線、多壁奈米碳管和碘改質的聚吡咯以重量比為1~3:1:1相互交織；藉此，將此材料應用於智能紡織衣能達到長時間保暖效果。另，由於導電紗線具有緻密的交織結構，因此可提高導電率，並確保智能紡織衣的導熱性。
另外，所述具多功能的智能紡織衣材料可進一步設有一壓電材料，以將生物機械動能(kinetic energy)轉換為電能，其中導電紗線與壓電材料的重量比約為1:1~4:1，壓電材料例如選用共聚物聚偏二氟乙烯-共-三氟乙烯[poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-tri-fluoroethylene)， P(VDF-TrFE)]，或為由P(VDF-TrFE)與多壁奈米碳管聚合成的複合材料(較佳為後者)，以獲得高壓電係數約50 pm/V。由於壓電材料具隨著人體移動將動能轉換為電能的能力，導電紗線和壓電材料可設在智能紡織衣的特定區域中使用，因此使用者可藉由穿戴時肢體活動產生的動能轉換為電能，即使在戶外活動也可隨時進行充電，延長智能紡織衣發熱的時間。
實施例一：檢測導電效果
請參閱表一，經過測試，本發明導電紗線係由重量比為1.2:1:1的棉線、MWCNTs和 PPy相互交織所構成，其導電率為10.44 S/cm，與傳統材料作為導電紗線之相較下，可達到高導電效果。
表一
材料 導電率(S/cm)
本發明導電紗線 11.48
聚吡咯 0.70x10-3
多壁奈米碳管 0.17
多壁奈米碳管-聚吡咯 1.28
碘改質的聚吡咯 1.30
實施例二： 檢測壓電材料的轉換效能
本發明採用的壓電材料可例如選用P(VDF-TrFE)，或為由P(VDF-TrFE)與多壁奈米碳管(MWCNTs)聚合成的複合材料，以將機械動能轉換為電能。請參閱表二，兩者在使用上皆具有高壓電係數(piezoelectric coefficient)，而由P(VDF-TrFE)與MWCNTs聚合成的複合材料，由於緻密度較高，因此具有較高壓電性與機械強度。藉此，當使用者於戶外無法立即充電時，可藉由使用者於戶外活動時行走或跑步等肢體活動的動能傳送至壓電材料轉換為電能，達到持續充電，並維持導電紗線加熱，因此可達到長時間保暖效果。
表二
  壓電係數(壓電性) (pm/V) 機械強度 (GPa)
P(VDF-TrFE) 20~30 0.20
P(VDF-TrFE)/MWCNT 50 1.10
由上述之實施說明可知，本發明與現有技術相較之下，本發明具有以下優點：
1.本發明採用相互緊密交織的棉線、多壁奈米碳管和碘改質的聚吡咯為導電紗線，由於具有緻密的交織結構，因此導電材料具有較佳的柔韌性、溫度可控性和導電性。
2.本發明若設有高壓電係數的壓電材料，不僅具有電加熱作用，亦具有將機械動能轉換為電能的效用，若應用於作為智能紡織衣，可提供使用者藉由穿戴時肢體活動產生的動能轉換為電能，相較於現有的電熱衣無法在戶外立即充電，本發明提升使用便利性。
綜上所述，本發明之具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，的確能藉由上述所揭露之實施例，達到所預期之使用功效，且本發明亦未曾公開於申請前，誠已完全符合專利法之規定與要求。爰依法提出發明專利之申請，懇請惠予審查，並賜准專利，則實感德便。
惟，上述所揭之圖示及說明，僅為本發明之較佳實施例，非為限定本發明之保護範圍；大凡熟悉該項技藝之人士，其所依本發明之特徵範疇，所作之其它等效變化或修飾，皆應視為不脫離本發明之設計範疇。
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Claims (5)

  1. 一種具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，係包括複數條導電紗線，且每一導電紗線包括棉線、多壁奈米碳管(multiwalled carbon nanotubes)和與碘(iodine)改質的聚吡咯(polypyrrole)，其中該棉線、該多壁奈米碳管和該碘改質的聚吡咯以重量比為1~3:1:1相互交織。
  2. 如請求項1所述之具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，進一步包含一壓電材料，且該導電紗線與該壓電材料的重量比約為1:1~4:1。
  3. 如請求項2所述之具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，其中該壓電材料為共聚物聚偏二氟乙烯-共-三氟乙烯[poly(vinylidenefluoride-co-tri-fluoroethylene)， P(VDF-TrFE)]，或為由P(VDF-TrFE)與多壁奈米碳管聚合成的複合材料。
  4. 如請求項1所述之具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，係設置於一基布。
  5. 如請求項4所述之具多功能的智能紡織衣材料，其中該基布係選自於由聚酯、改質聚酯、尼龍、改質尼龍、聚胺基甲酸酯(PU)、熱塑性聚胺基甲酸酯彈性體(TPU)及壓克力樹脂(acryl resin)所構成之群組。
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