TW202136705A - Article penetrating electrode - Google Patents

Abstract

An article penetrating electrode may be used in a conducted electrical weapon (“CEW”). The article penetrating electrode may be configured to penetrate through articles worn by a target, such as clothing and body armor. The article penetrating electrode may have an elongated body or needle shape configured to aid the article penetrating electrode in penetrating articles. The elongated body may have a contact end opposite a tether end. The article penetrating electrode may include a tether coupled directly to the tether end and configured to provide an electrical current to the article penetrating electrode.

Description

Object penetration electrode

The embodiment of the present invention relates to electrodes for use in conductive electric weapons ("CEW").

The system, method, and device can be used to interfere with the autonomous movement of the target (eg, walking, running, moving, etc.). For example, conductive electric weapons (eg, "CEW" conductive energy weapons, conductive weapons, etc.) can be used to transmit current (eg, stimulation signals, current pulses, charging pulses, etc.) through the tissues of human or animal targets. The stimulus signal brings the charge into the target tissue. The stimulus signal can interfere with the voluntary movement of the target. Stimulus signals can cause pain. Pain can also act to cause the target to stop moving. The stimulus signal can cause the target's skeletal muscles to become rigid (such as locking, freezing, etc.). The stiffness of muscles in response to stimulus signals can be referred to as neuromuscular incapacity ("NMI"). NMI disrupts autonomous control of target muscles. The target’s inability to control its muscles will interfere with the target’s movement.

The stimulation signal can be transmitted through the target via a terminal coupled to the CEW. Transmission via the terminal may be referred to as local transmission (for example, local vertigo). During the partial transmission, the terminal is brought close to the target by positioning the CEW near the target. The stimulus signal is transmitted through the target tissue via the terminal. In order to provide local transmission, the user of CEW is usually within reach of the target and brings the terminal of the CEW into contact with or close to the target.

The stimulus signal can be transmitted through the target via one or more (typically at least two) wire-tether electrodes. Transmission via wire-tethered electrodes can be referred to as remote transmission (for example, remote vertigo). During long-distance transmission, the CEW can be separated from the target until the length of the wire tether (for example, 15 feet, 20 feet, 30 feet, etc.). CEW emits the electrode to the target. As the electrodes travel towards the target, their respective wire tethers will unfold behind the electrodes. The wire tether electrically couples the CEW to the electrode. The electrode can be electrically coupled to the target, thereby coupling the CEW to the target. In response to electrodes connected to the target tissue, impacting on the target tissue, or positioned close to the target tissue, current can be supplied through the target through the electrodes (for example, through the first tether and the first electrode, the target tissue, and the second tether and The second electrode forms a circuit).

Terminals or electrodes touching or close to the target tissue transmit stimulus signals through the target. The contact of the terminal or electrode with the target tissue establishes an electrical coupling with the target tissue (for example, a "circuit"). The electrode may include a spear that can pierce the target tissue to contact the target. Terminals or electrodes that are close to the target tissue can use ionization to establish electrical coupling with the target tissue. Ionization can also be referred to as an arc.

In use (for example, during deployment), the terminal or electrode can be separated from the target tissue by the target's clothing or air gap. In many embodiments, the signal generator of CEW can provide stimulation signals (such as current, current pulse, etc.) under high voltage (such as in the range of 40,000 to 100,000 volts) to make the air in the clothes or the air in the gap Ionization, the air separates the terminal or electrode from the target tissue. Ionization of air establishes a low-resistance ionization path from the terminal or electrode to the target tissue, which can be used to transmit stimulation signals into the target tissue via the ionization path. As long as the pulsed current of the stimulation signal is provided via the ionization path, the ionization path continues to exist (for example, remains alive, continues, etc.). When the current stops or decreases below a threshold (e.g., amperage, voltage), the ionization path collapses (e.g., no longer exists), and the terminal or electrode is no longer electrically coupled to the target tissue. Without an ionization path, the resistance between the terminal or electrode and the target tissue is high. High voltages in the range of about 50,000 volts can ionize air in gaps up to about 1 inch.

CEW can provide stimulation signals as a series of current pulses. Each current pulse may include a high voltage portion (e.g., 40,000-100,000 volts) and a low voltage portion (e.g., 500-6,000 volts). The high-voltage part of the pulse of the stimulation signal can ionize the air in the gap between the electrode or terminal and the target to electrically couple the electrode or terminal to the target. In response to the electrode or terminal being electrically coupled to the target, the low voltage portion of the pulse transfers a certain amount of charge into the tissue of the target via the ionization path. In response to the electrodes or terminals being electrically coupled to the target by contact (for example, touch, spear embedded in tissue, etc.), both the high part of the pulse and the low part of the pulse deliver charge to the target tissue. Generally, the low voltage portion of the pulse transfers most of the charge of the pulse into the target tissue. In many embodiments, the high-voltage part of the pulse of the stimulation signal may be referred to as the spark or ionization part. The low-voltage part of the pulse can be called the muscle part.

In many embodiments, the signal generator of the CEW can only provide stimulation signals (for example, current, current pulses, etc.) at a low voltage (for example, less than 2,000 volts). The low-voltage stimulus signal may not ionize the air in the clothing or the air in the gap separating the terminal or electrode from the target tissue. CEWs with signal generators that provide stimulation signals only at low voltage presses (for example, low voltage signal generators) may need to electrically couple the deployed electrodes to the target by contact (for example, touch, spear embedded in tissue, etc.) .

The CEW may include at least two terminals on one side of the CEW. The CEW may include two terminals for each rack for receiving the unfolding unit (such as the box). The terminals are separated from each other. In response to the electrodes of the unfolding unit in the unfolded frame, the high voltage applied to the terminals will cause the ionization of the air between the terminals. The arc between the terminals can be visible to the naked eye. In response to the emitting electrode that is not electrically coupled to the target, the current that has been provided by the electrode can arc on the face of the CEW via the terminal.

When the electrodes transmitting the stimulation signal are separated by at least 6 inches (15.24 cm), the possibility that the stimulation signal will cause NMI increases, causing the current from the stimulation signal to flow 6 inches or more of the target tissue. In many embodiments, the electrodes should preferably be at least 12 inches (30.48 cm) apart on the target. Because the terminals on the CEW are typically separated by less than 6 inches, the stimulus signal transmitted through the target tissue through the terminals may not cause NMI, but will only cause pain.

A series of pulses may include two or more pulses separated in time. Each pulse transfers a certain amount of charge into the target tissue. In response to the electrodes being properly spaced (as discussed above), as each pulse transfers a certain amount of charge in the range of 55 microcoulombs to 71 microcoulombs per pulse, the probability of inducing NMI increases. When the rate of pulse delivery (for example, rate, pulse rate, repetition rate, etc.) is between 11 pulses per second ("pps") and 50 pps, the possibility of inducing NMI increases. Pulses transmitted at a higher rate can provide less charge per pulse to induce NMI. Pulses that transfer more charge per pulse can be transferred at a lower rate to induce NMI. In many embodiments, the CEW can be handheld and use batteries to provide pulses of stimulation signals. In response to the high amount of charge per pulse and the high pulse rate, CEW can use more energy than needed to induce NMI. Use more energy than needed to drain the battery faster.

Empirical tests have shown that in response to a pulse rate of less than 44 pps and the charge per pulse is about 63 microcoulombs, the power of the battery can be preserved and there is a high possibility of causing NMI. Empirical tests have shown that when the electrode spacing is about 12 inches (30.48 cm), a pulse rate of 22 pps generated by a pair of electrodes and 63 microcoulombs per pulse will induce NMI.

In many embodiments, the CEW may include a grip and one or more deployment units. The grip may include one or more racks for accommodating the deployment unit. Each deployment unit can be removably positioned (eg, inserted into, coupled to, etc.) in the rack. Each deployment unit can be releasably electrically, electronically, and/or mechanically coupled to the rack. In many embodiments, the CEW may include a frame configured to receive a magazine containing one or more electrodes. The deployment (e.g., launch) of the CEW can launch one or more electrodes towards the target to transmit the stimulation signal remotely through the target.

In many embodiments, the deployment unit may include two or more electrodes that emit at the same time. In many embodiments, the deployment unit may include two or more electrodes that can emit at separate times. The transmitting electrode may be referred to as an initiating (e.g., firing) deployment unit. After use (e.g., priming, firing), the deployment unit can be removed from the rack and replaced with an unused (e.g., unfired, unprimed) deployment unit to allow additional electrodes to be fired.

The detailed description of the exemplary embodiments herein refers to the accompanying drawings, which show the exemplary embodiments by way of description. Although these embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the present disclosure, it should be understood that other embodiments can be implemented and can be designed and constructed in accordance with the present disclosure and the teachings herein. Logic changes and corrections. Therefore, the detailed description in this article is presented only for the purpose of illustration and not limitation.

The scope of the present disclosure is defined by the appended claims and their legal equivalents rather than only by the examples. For example, the steps listed in any method or process description can be performed in any order, and are not necessarily limited to the order presented. Furthermore, any reference to the singular includes plural embodiments, and any reference to more than one component or step may include a single embodiment or step. Moreover, any reference to attachment, fixation, coupling, connection, etc. may include permanent, removable, temporary, partial, complete, and/or any other possible attachment options. In addition, any reference to no contact (or similar phrases) can also include reduced contact or minimal contact. Surface hatching can be used throughout the drawings to indicate different parts, and not necessarily the same or different materials.

In many embodiments, and referring to FIG. 1, CEW 1 is disclosed. The CEW 1 may be similar to the components of the CEW previously discussed herein, or have similar aspects and/or components. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of CEW 1, and one or more components of CEW 1 may be located in any suitable position inside or outside the housing 10. The CEW1 may include a housing 10 and one or more deployment units 20 (e.g., cassettes).

The housing 10 may be constructed to accommodate many components of the CEW 1, which are constructed to enable the deployment unit 20 to be deployed, provide current to the deployment unit 20, and assist the operation of the CEW 1 in other ways, as discussed further herein . Although depicted as a gun in FIG. 1, the housing 10 may include any suitable shape and/or size. The housing 10 may include a grip end 12 opposite to the deployed end 14. The deployment end 14 can be constructed, sized and shaped to accommodate one or more deployment units 20. The size and shape of the grip end 12 can be designed to be held in the user's hand. For example, the grip end 12 may be shaped as a grip to enable the user to manually operate the CEW. In many embodiments, the grip end 12 may also include a contour shaped to fit the user's hand, such as an ergonomic grip. The grip end 12 may include a surface coating, such as a non-slip surface, a grip pad, a rubber texture, and the like. As another example, the grip end 12 can be wrapped in leather, color printing, and/or any other suitable material as needed.

In many embodiments, the housing 10 may include many mechanical, electronic, and electrical components, which are constructed to assist in performing the functions of the CEW 1. For example, the housing 10 may include one or more triggers 40, a control interface 45, a processing circuit 50, a power supply 60, and/or a signal generator 70. The housing 10 may include a guard 30. The guard 30 may define an opening formed in the housing 10. The guard 30 may be located on the central area of the housing 10 (for example, as depicted in FIG. 1 ), and/or in any other suitable position on the housing 10. The trigger 40 may be arranged in the guard 30. The guard 30 may be configured to protect the trigger 40 from unintentional physical contact (for example, unintentional activation of the trigger 40). The guard 30 can surround the trigger 40 in the housing 10.

In many embodiments, the trigger 40 is coupled to the outer surface of the housing 10 and can be configured to move, slide, rotate, or otherwise become physically pressed when a physical contact is applied. For example, the trigger 40 can be actuated by physical contact applied to the trigger 40 from within the guard 30. The trigger 40 may include mechanical or electromechanical switches, buttons, triggers, and the like. For example, the trigger 40 may include a switch, a button, and/or any other suitable type of trigger. The trigger 40 may be mechanically and/or electronically coupled to the processing circuit 50. In response to the activation of the trigger 40 (eg, the user presses, pushes, etc.), the processing circuit 50 may be able to cause one or more deployment units 20 to be deployed by the CEW 1, as discussed further herein.

In many embodiments, the power supply 60 may be configured to provide power to many components of the CEW 1. For example, the power supply 60 may provide energy for operating the CEW 1 and/or one or more electronic and/or electrical components (eg, parts, subsystems, circuits) of the deployment unit 20. The power supply 60 can provide power. Supplying power may include supplying current at voltage. The power supply 60 can be electrically coupled to the processing circuit 50 and/or the signal generator 70. In many embodiments, in response to the control interface 45 including electronic items and/or components, the power supply 60 may be electrically coupled to the control interface 45. In some embodiments, in response to the trigger 40 including an electronic article or component, the power source 60 may be electrically coupled to the trigger 40. The power supply 60 can provide the current when the power is pressed. The power from the power source 60 may be provided as direct current ("DC"). The power from the power source 60 may be provided as alternating current ("AC"). The power source 60 may include a battery. The energy of the power source 60 may be renewable or exhaustable, and/or replaceable. For example, the power source 60 may include one or more rechargeable or disposable batteries. In many embodiments, the energy from the power source 60 can be converted from one form (such as electricity, magnetism, and heat) to another form to perform the function of the system.

The power supply 60 can provide energy for performing the functions of the CEW 1. For example, the power supply 60 may provide an electrical signal to the signal generator 70, which provides a passing target to prevent the target from moving (for example, via the deployment unit 20). The power supply 60 can provide energy for the stimulation signal. As discussed further herein, the power supply 60 may provide energy for other signals including the firing signal and/or the integrated signal.

In many embodiments, the processing circuit 50 may include any circuit system, electrical components, electronic components, software, and/or the like configured to perform many operations and functions discussed herein. For example, the processing circuit 50 may include processing circuits, processors, digital signal processors, microcontrollers, microprocessors, application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), programmable logic devices, logic circuit systems, state machines, MEMS devices , Signal conditioning circuit systems, communication circuit systems, computers, computer-based systems, radios, network equipment, data buses, address buses, and/or any combination thereof. In many embodiments, the processing circuit 50 may include passive electronic devices (for example, resistors, capacitors, inductors, etc.) and/or active electronic devices (for example, operational amplifiers, comparators, analog-to-digital converters, digital-to-analog converters). Devices, programmable logic, SRCs, transistors, etc.). In many embodiments, the processing circuit 50 may include a data bus, an output port, an input port, a timer, a memory, an arithmetic unit, and/or the like.

In many embodiments, the CEW may include memory configured to store data, instructions, programs, etc. The memory may include physical non-transitory computer readable memory. The processing circuit 50 may include a memory or communicate with the memory. The processing circuit 50 can communicate with the memory to access, retrieve and/or send data, commands, and/or programs to the memory. As described herein, the instructions stored on the physical non-transitory memory may allow the processing circuit 50 to perform many operations, functions, and/or steps. For example, in response to the processing circuit 50 executing instructions on the physical non-transitory memory, the processing circuit 50 can communicate with the signal generator 70 and/or the expansion unit 20 to expand many emitters, emitter types, etc., as described herein further discussion. In many embodiments, the processing circuit 50 can execute commands in response to the operation of the control interface 45, the second control interface 245, and/or the trigger 40, as discussed further herein.

The processing circuit 50 can be configured to provide and/or receive electrical signals in the form of digital and/or analog. The processing circuit 50 can use any protocol to provide and/or receive digital information via the data bus. The processing circuit 50 can receive information, manipulate the received information, and provide the manipulated information. The processing circuit 50 can store information and retrieve the stored information. The information received, stored, and/or manipulated by the processing circuit 50 can be used to perform functions, control functions, and/or perform operations or execute stored programs.

The processing circuit 50 can control the operations and/or functions of other circuits and/or components of the CEW 1. The processing circuit 50 can receive status information about the operation of other components, perform calculations relative to the status information, and provide commands (for example, instructions) to one or more other components. The processing circuit 50 may command another component to start operation, continue operation, change operation, pause operation, stop operation, and so on. Commands and/or states can be transferred between the processing circuit 50 and other circuits and/or components via any type of bus including any type of data/address bus (for example, an SPI bus).

The processing circuit 50 may be electrically and/or electronically coupled to the unfolding unit 20. The processing circuit 50 may be configured to determine one or more characteristics of the unfolding unit from the unfolding unit 20. The features of the unfolded unit may include data indicating many features of the unfolded unit. Unfolding unit characteristics may include unfolding unit type, projectile type, projectile position, unfolding instructions, and/or any other suitable or desired information related to the unfolding unit, projectile, CEW, or information about the projectile from the unfolding unit Unfold.

The expansion unit type may include information about the expansion unit type, such as training expansion unit, hybrid projectile deployment unit (for example, the deployment unit has multiple projectile types, such as low-penetration projectiles and object-penetrating projectiles), The same projectile deployment unit, low-penetration projectile deployment unit (for example, only a low-penetration projectile deployment unit), object-penetrating projectile deployment unit (for example, only an object-penetrating projectile The unfolding unit), and/or the like.

The projectile type may include information about each projectile in the expansion unit, such as low-penetration projectiles, object-penetrating projectiles, and other less lethal projectiles. The emitter type can also include information about the number of emitters in the unfolding unit and/or the number of each emitter type in the unfolding unit (for example, 6 low-penetration emitters, 3 object-penetrating emitters, etc.) material.

The projectile position may include data indicating the position of one or more projectiles in the unfolding unit. The deployment unit can be constructed to accommodate any suitable number of projectiles (for example, 2, 3, 6, 9, etc.) so that each projectile is positioned in the barrel before launching. The projectile position may include data indicating in which barrel the one or more projectiles are received. For example, the low-penetration projectile 1 is located in the barrel 1, the low-penetration projectile 2 is located in the barrel 2, and so on. As another example, the object penetrating projectile 1 is located in the barrel 1, the object penetrating projectile 2 is located in the barrel 2, and so on. As another example, the low-penetration projectile 1 is located in the barrel 1, the object-penetrating projectile 1 is located in the barrel 2, and so on.

The unfolding instruction may include data indicating an instruction for unfolding one or more projectiles from the unfolding unit. The deployment instruction may include the sequence of projectile deployment, the number of projectiles to be deployed for each activation, and so on. For example, the deployment instruction may include: the first trigger activation: deploy projectile 1 and projectile 2; the second trigger activation: deploy projectile 3; the third trigger activation: deploy projectile 4, etc. As another example, the deployment instruction may include: first trigger activation: deploy projectile 1; second trigger activation: deploy projectile 2; third trigger activation: deploy projectile 3, and so on. As another example, the deployment instruction may include: first trigger activation: deploy three projectiles; second trigger activation: deploy one projectile; third trigger activation: deploy one projectile, etc.

In many embodiments, the features of the unfolding unit may be stored in the memory of the unfolding unit 20. The memory can include any suitable type of memory, and can be configured to use any suitable process to store and maintain data. In this aspect, the processing circuit 50 can communicate with the memory to send and retrieve data from the memory.

In many embodiments, the memory of the expansion unit 20 can store a unique identifier (for example, the expansion unit identifier, etc.). The unique identifier can uniquely identify the expansion unit 20 and/or be uniquely associated with the characteristics of the expansion unit 20. The processing circuit 50 may include or communicate with a memory that is configured to store lists, tables, etc., of unique identifiers and associated expanded unit features. In that regard, the processing circuit 50 can communicate with the memory of the expansion unit 20 to retrieve the unique identifier. The processing circuit 50 can communicate with the memory of the processing circuit 50 to determine the characteristics of the expanded unit based on the unique identifier.

In many embodiments, the processing circuit 50 may be mechanically and/or electronically coupled to the trigger 40. The processing circuit 50 can be configured to detect the activation, actuation, pressing, input, etc. of the trigger 40 (collectively referred to as “activation events”). In response to detecting the activation event, the processing circuit 50 can be configured to perform many operations and/or functions, as discussed further herein. The processing circuit 50 may also include a sensor (for example, a trigger sensor) attached to the trigger 40 and configured to detect the activation event of the trigger 40. The sensor may include any suitable mechanical and/or electronic sensor, which can detect the activation event in the trigger 40 and report the activation event to the processing circuit 50.

In many embodiments, the processing circuit 50 may be mechanically and/or electronically coupled to the control interface 45. The processing circuit 50 can be configured to detect the activation, actuation, pressing, input, etc. of the control interface 45 (collectively referred to as "control events"). In response to detecting a control event, the processing circuit 50 can be configured to perform many operations and/or functions, as discussed further herein. The processing circuit 50 may also include a sensor (for example, a control sensor) attached to the control interface 45 and configured to detect control events of the control interface 45. The sensor may include any suitable mechanical and/or electronic sensor, which can detect control events in the control interface 45 and report the control events to the processing circuit 50.

In many embodiments, the processing circuit 50 may be electrically and/or electronically coupled to the power source 60. The processing circuit 50 can receive power from the power source 60. The power received from the power source 60 can be used by the processing circuit 50 to receive signals, process the signals, and send the signals to many other components in the CEW 1. The processing circuit 50 can use the power from the power supply 60 to detect activation events of the trigger 40, control events of the control interface 45, etc., and generate one or more control signals in response to the detected events. The control signal can be based on a control event and a start event. The control signal may be an electrical signal.

In many embodiments, the processing circuit 50 may be electrically and/or electronically coupled to the signal generator 70. The processing circuit 50 may be configured to send or provide a control signal to the signal generator 70 in response to detecting the activation event of the trigger 40. Most control signals can be provided from the microprocessor 50 to the signal generator 70 in series. In response to receiving the control signal, the signal generator 70 may be configured to perform many functions and/or operations, as discussed further herein.

In many embodiments, the control interface 45 can be configured to control the selection of the shooting mode in CEW 1. The options for controlling the shooting mode in CEW 1 may include prohibiting the shooting of CEW 1 (eg, safe mode), controlling the deployment of the deployment unit 20, and/or similar operations, as discussed further herein. The control interface 45 can be located on the housing 10 or in any suitable position in the housing 10. For example, the control interface 45 may be coupled to the outer surface of the housing 10. The control interface 45 may be coupled to the outer surface of the housing 10 closest to the trigger 40 and/or the guard 30. The control interface 45 can be electrically, mechanically, and/or electronically coupled to the processing circuit 50. In many embodiments, in response to the control interface 45 including electronic items or components, the control interface 45 may be electrically coupled to the power supply 60. The control interface 45 can receive power (for example, current) from the power source 60 to power electronic items or components.

The control interface 45 may be electronically or mechanically coupled to the trigger 40. For example, and as discussed further herein, the control interface 45 can be used as a safety device. In response to the control interface 45 set to the "safe mode", the CEW 1 may be unable to unfold the unfolding unit 20. For example, the control interface 45 may provide a signal (for example, a control signal) to the processing circuit 50 and instruct the processing circuit 50 to prohibit the expansion of the expansion unit 20. As another example, the control interface 45 can electronically or mechanically prevent the trigger 40 from being activated (for example, prevent or prohibit the user from pressing the trigger 40).

The control interface 45 may include any suitable electronic or mechanical components capable of selecting the shooting mode in the CEW 1. For example, the control interface 45 may include a shooting mode selector switch, a safety switch, a fuse, a rotary switch, a selection switch, a selective shooting mechanism, and/or any other suitable mechanical control switches. As another example, the control interface 45 may include a touch screen or similar electronic components. As another example, the control interface 45 may include a slider, a pistol slider, a reciprocating slider, and so on.

In many embodiments, and referring to FIG. 2A, the control interface 45 may be capable of selecting a safe mode 47, a shooting mode 48, and/or a penetration mode 49. Although Figure 2A and this manual describe each mode as "safe mode", "shooting mode" and "penetration mode", similar words, phrases, symbols, etc. can be used to impart similar functionality. In many embodiments, the control interface 45 may also be able to select any other suitable or desired modes, including, for example, the selection of non-lethal or less lethal modes.

In response to the user selecting one of the control modes, the control interface 45 may send commands to the processing circuit 50 based on the selection.

The safe mode 47 can be configured to prevent the deployment unit 20 from being deployed from the CEW 1. For example, in response to the user selecting the safe mode 47, the control interface 45 may send a safe mode command to the processing circuit 50. In response to receiving the safe mode command, the processing circuit 50 can prevent the deployment unit 20 from being deployed from the CEW 1. The processing circuit 50 can prevent deployment until another instruction is received from the control interface 45. As previously discussed, the control interface 45 can interact with the trigger 40. To prevent the trigger 40 from starting.

The shooting mode 48 can be configured to enable the deployment of one or more deployment units 20, or one or more projectiles 90, 95 from the CEW 1 and from the deployment unit 20. In that regard, the firing mode 48 can be used as selective firing control, while being able to fire the deployment unit 20 or projectiles 90, 95 with certain characteristics. In many embodiments, the deployment unit 20 may include emitters 90 and 95 with the same characteristics. For example, the deployment unit 20 may only include low-penetration electrodes (e.g., electrodes other than the object-penetrating electrodes discussed further herein, non-object-penetrating electrodes, and configured to have a smaller depth than the object-penetrating electrodes. Penetrating electrodes, etc.). As another example, the unfolding unit 20 may only include an object penetrating electrode. In many embodiments, the deployment unit 20 may include emitters 90 and 95 with different characteristics. For example, the deployment unit 20 may include one or more low-penetration electrodes and one or more object-penetrating electrodes.

In many embodiments, the shooting mode 48 can be configured to be able to shoot the low-penetration electrode, but prevent or prevent the object from shooting from the CEW 1 to the penetrating electrode. When CEW 1 includes both a low penetration electrode and a penetration electrode, the next shooting electrode may be the low penetration electrode in the shooting mode 48. For example, in response to the user selecting the shooting mode 48, the control interface 45 may send a shooting mode command to the processing circuit 50. In response to receiving the shooting mode command, the processing circuit 50 may be able to deploy the deployment unit 20 having only low penetration electrodes. The processing circuit 50 can also selectively expand the unfolding unit 20 having both the low-penetration electrode and the object-penetrating electrode. Before another deployment unit 20 that includes only a penetration electrode or one or more penetration electrodes, the processing circuit 50 may be able to enable the deployment unit 20 that only has a low penetration electrode or at least one low penetration electrode. Selectively expand. The processing circuit 50 can prohibit the development of the penetrating electrode of the object. For example, in response to activating the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 may cause the deployment of one or more low-penetration electrodes. In response to multiple activations of the trigger 40, before the deployment (if any) of one or more penetration electrodes from the deployment unit 20 (for example, first, earlier in the sequence), the processing circuit 50 may This causes one or more low-penetration electrodes from the deployment unit 20 to be deployed. One or more low-penetration electrodes may include all low-penetration electrodes in the deployment unit 20 and/or one or more low-penetration electrodes may include all the penetration electrodes in the deployment unit 20 . One or more low penetration electrodes may be deployed in response to one or more first activations of trigger 40, and one or more penetration electrodes may be deployed in response to one or more first activations of trigger 40 The second activation is deployed, and one or more second activations are received after one or more first activations of the trigger 40.

The penetration mode 49 can be configured to be able to deploy any deployment unit 20 from the CEW 1 or any projectiles 90, 95 from the deployment unit 20. In that regard, regardless of whether the deployment unit 20 includes a low-penetration electrode, an object-penetrating electrode, or a combination thereof, all electrodes can be deployed from the CEW 1.

For example, in response to the user selecting the penetration mode 49, the control interface 45 may send a penetration mode command to the processing circuit 50. In response to receiving the penetration mode command, the processing circuit 50 may be able to deploy any unfolding unit 20. In response to activating the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 may cause one or more electrodes including low-penetration electrodes and/or object-penetrating electrodes to expand. The processing circuit 50 can also selectively expand the unfolding unit 20 having both the low-penetration electrode and the object-penetrating electrode. The processing circuit 50 can alternately prohibit the deployment of the low-penetration electrode, so that only the object-penetrating electrode can be deployed in the penetration mode 49. When the CEW 1 includes both a penetration electrode and another type of electrode, such as a low penetration electrode, the next shot electrode can be the penetration electrode in the penetration mode 49. For example, in response to activating the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 may cause the deployment of one or more penetrating electrodes. In response to multiple activations of the trigger 40, before the deployment (if any) of one or more penetration electrodes from the deployment unit 20 (for example, first, earlier in the sequence), the processing circuit 50 may This causes one or more penetration electrodes from the deployment unit 20 to be deployed. One or more penetration electrodes may include all penetration electrodes in the deployment unit 20, and/or one or more low penetration electrodes may include all low penetration electrodes in the deployment unit 20 . One or more penetration electrodes can be deployed in response to one or more first activations of the trigger 40, and one or more low penetration electrodes can be deployed in response to one or more second activations of the trigger 40 In the sequence of multiple activations of the trigger 40, one or more first activations precede one or more second activations. The processing circuit 50 may contain logic, or the logic may be provided by a similar processor or firmware on the deployment unit 20 in CEW 1, and configured to selectively control the deployment of electrodes from the deployment unit 20 (for example, electrode deployment logic ).

For example, and referring to FIG. 3, the expansion unit 20 may include a plurality of emitters, such as a first emitter 92-1, a second emitter 92-2, a third emitter 92-3, a fourth emitter 92-4, Fifth emitter 92-5, sixth emitter 92-6, seventh emitter 92-7, eighth emitter 92-8, and/or ninth emitter 92-9. Each emitter 92 may include a low-penetration electrode or an object-penetrating electrode. One or more emitters 92 may include similar or different deployment angles (eg, wide angle for short-distance deployment, small angle for long-distance deployment, etc.). As an example, the first emitter 92-1, the second emitter 92-2, the third emitter 92-3, and/or the fifth emitter 92-5 may include low penetration electrodes, and the fourth emitter The body 92-4, the sixth emitter 92-6, the seventh emitter 92-7, the eighth emitter 92-8, and/or the ninth emitter 92-9 may include object penetration electrodes. In response to activating the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 can selectively cause the projectile 92 to deploy. For example, in response to receiving the first trigger activation, the processing circuit 50 may cause the deployment of the second emitter 92-2 and the fifth emitter 92-5; in response to receiving the second trigger activation, the processing circuit 50 may cause the eighth emitter The deployment of the emitter 92-5; in response to receiving the third trigger activation, the processing circuit 50 can cause the first emitter 92-1, the third emitter 92-3, the fourth emitter 92-4, and the sixth emitter Expansion of one or more of 92-6, seventh projectile 92-7, and/or ninth projectile 92-9; etc.

In many embodiments, and referring to FIG. 2B, CEW 1 may include a control interface 245 (eg, a second control interface). The second control interface 245 may be similar to the control interface 45 (for example, the first control interface) or have similar features or components with the control interface 45 provided. The second control interface 245 may be in electrical, electronic, and/or mechanical communication with the processing circuit 45, the trigger 40, the control interface 45, and/or the power supply 60. The second control interface 245 may include a control interface separate from the control interface 45. For example, and according to many embodiments, the control interface 45 may include a safety switch, or a mechanical interface. The second control interface 245 may include a separate user interface. The second control interface 245 may include sub-components of the control interface 45 or optional sub-devices. For example, and according to many embodiments, the control interface 45 may include a touch screen user interface. The second control interface 245 can be selected in the control interface 45. For example, when an input is received to select the shooting mode 48 or the penetration mode 49, the control interface 45 can display the second control interface 245, and can select and input the modes available on the second control interface 245 (for example, the shooting mode 248 -1, shooting two mode 248-2, shooting three mode 248-3, shooting "N" mode, etc.).

In response to the user selecting one of the control modes, the second control interface 245 may send a command to the processing circuit 50 based on the selection.

The shooting mode 248-1 can be constructed to deploy a single projectile in response to activation of the trigger. For example, in response to the user selecting the shooting mode 248-1, the second control interface 245 may send a shooting selection (eg, shooting command, shooting mode, etc.) to the processing circuit 50. In response to receiving a firing selection, the processing circuit 50 can selectively enable the deployment of the projectile, and one projectile is activated for each trigger. For example, in response to activating the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 can cause the deployment of a projectile. In response to multiple activations of the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 can cause the subsequent deployment of a single projectile for each activation.

The second shooting mode 248-2 can be constructed to deploy two projectiles in response to the activation of the trigger. For example, in response to the user selecting the second shooting mode 248-2, the second control interface 245 may send the second shooting selection (for example, the second shooting command, the second shooting mode, etc.) to the processing circuit 50. In response to receiving the second choice of shooting, the processing circuit 50 can selectively enable the deployment of the projectile, and the two projectiles are activated for each trigger. For example, in response to activating the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 may cause the deployment of the two projectiles. In response to multiple activations of the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 can cause the subsequent deployment of the two projectiles for each activation. In response to having a deployment unit that is only ready to deploy one of the emitters, the processing circuit 50 can cause the deployment of one of the emitters to be activated last.

The three shooting mode 248-3 can be constructed to deploy three projectiles in response to the activation of the trigger. For example, in response to the user selecting the three shooting mode 248-3, the second control interface 245 may send three shooting options (for example, shooting three commands, shooting three modes, etc.) to the processing circuit 50. In response to receiving the three shooting options, the processing circuit 50 can selectively deploy the projectiles, and the three projectiles are activated for each trigger. For example, in response to activating the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 may cause the deployment of three projectiles.

In many embodiments, in response to multiple activations of the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 may cause the subsequent deployment of the three projectiles for each activation. In many embodiments, in response to multiple activations of the trigger 40, the processing circuit 50 may cause one or two projectiles to be deployed each time based on activation (for example, after the first activation, each subsequent activation causes one or Expansion of the two projectiles). In response to the deployment unit with only one or two emitters being prepared for deployment, the processing circuit 50 can cause the deployment of one or two emitters for the last activation.

In many embodiments, and referring again to FIG. 1, the signal generator 70 may be configured to receive one or more control signals from the processing circuit 50. The signal generator 70 may provide an ignition signal to the expansion unit 20 based on the control signal. The signal generator 70 can be electrically and/or electronically coupled to the processing circuit 50 and/or the expansion unit 20. The signal generator 70 may be electrically coupled to the power source 60. The signal generator 70 may use the power received from the power source 60 to generate an ignition signal. For example, the signal generator 70 may receive an electrical signal having a first current and voltage value from the power supply 60. The signal generator 70 can convert the electrical signal into an ignition signal having the second current and voltage values. The converted second current value and/or the converted second voltage value may be different from the first current and/or voltage value. The converted second current and/or the converted second voltage value may be the same as the first current and/or voltage value. The signal generator 70 can temporarily store the power from the power source 60, and rely wholly or partly on the stored power to provide an ignition signal. The signal generator 70 can also completely or partially rely on the power received from the power source 60 to provide an ignition signal without temporarily storing power.

The signal generator 70 can be controlled by the processing circuit 50 in whole or in part. In many embodiments, the signal generator 70 and the processing circuit 50 may be separate components (for example, physically different and/or logically discrete). The signal generator 70 and the processing circuit 50 may be a single component. For example, the control circuit in the housing 10 may include at least a signal generator 70 and a processing circuit 50. The control circuit may also include other components and/or configurations, including those that further integrate the corresponding functions of these components into a single component or circuit, and those that further divide certain functions into separate components or circuits.

The signal generator 70 can be controlled by a control signal to generate an ignition signal with a predetermined current value or multiple current values. For example, the signal generator 70 may include a current source. The control signal can be received by the signal generator 70 to activate the current source at the current value of the current source. It can receive additional control signals to reduce the current of the current source. For example, the signal generator 70 may include a pulse width modulation circuit coupled between the current source and the output of the control circuit. The signal generator 70 can receive the second control signal to activate the pulse width modulation circuit, thereby reducing the non-zero period of the signal generated by the current source and the total current of the ignition signal output by the control circuit subsequently . The pulse width modulation circuit can be separated from the circuit of the current source, or alternatively it can be integrated in the circuit of the current source. Many other forms of signal generator 70 can be used alternatively or additionally, including those that apply voltages to one or more different resistors to generate signals with different currents. In many embodiments, the signal generator 70 may include a high-voltage module configured to deliver a high-voltage current. In many embodiments, the signal generator 70 may include a low-voltage module configured to deliver a current having a relatively low voltage (for example, 2,000 volts).

In response to receiving a signal indicating activation of the trigger 40 (for example, an activation event), the control circuit provides an ignition signal to the deployment unit 20. For example, the signal generator 70 may provide an electrical signal as an ignition signal to the deployment unit 20 in response to receiving a control signal from the processing circuit 50. In many embodiments, the ignition signal can be separate and different from the stimulation signal. For example, instead of providing the ignition signal to the circuit, the stimulation signal in CEW 1 can be provided to different circuits in the deployment unit 20. The signal generator 70 may be configured to generate stimulation signals. In many embodiments, the second, separate signal generator, component, or circuit (not shown) in the housing 10 can be configured to generate stimulation signals. The signal generator 70 can also provide a ground signal path for the unfolding unit 20 to complete a circuit for the electrical signal provided by the signal generator 70 to the unfolding unit 20. The ground signal path can also be provided to the unfolding unit 20 by other components in the housing 10 including the power supply 60.

In many embodiments, the deployment unit 20 may include a propulsion system 80 and a plurality of projectiles, such as a first projectile 90 and a second projectile 95. The unfolding unit 20 may include any suitable or desired number of emitters, such as two emitters, three emitters, nine emitters (for example, as depicted in FIG. 3, and the unfolding unit 20 includes emitter 92-1 , 92-2, 92-3, 92-4, 92-5, 92-6, 92-7, 92-8, 92-9), twelve emitters, eighteen emitters, and/or any Other desired number of emitters. Furthermore, the housing 10 can be configured to accept any suitable or desired number of unfolding units 20, such as one unfolding unit, two unfolding units, three unfolding units, and so on.

In many embodiments, the propulsion system 80 may be coupled to or communicate with each projectile in the deployment unit 20. In many embodiments, the deployment unit 20 may include a plurality of propulsion systems 80 such that each propulsion system 80 is coupled to or communicates with one or more projectiles. The propulsion system 80 may include any device capable of providing propulsion in the deployment unit 20, propellant (for example, air, gas, etc.), primer, etc. Propulsion can include an increase in pressure caused by rapidly expanding gas in an area or chamber. Propulsion force may be applied to the projectiles 90, 95 in the deployment unit 20 to cause the projectiles 90, 95 to be deployed. The propulsion system 80 can provide propulsion in response to the ignition signal being received by the deployment unit 20.

In many embodiments, the propulsion force may be directly applied to one or more projectiles 90, 95. For example, the propulsion force may be directly provided to the first projectile 90 or the second projectile 95. The propulsion system 80 may be in fluid communication with the projectiles 90, 95 to provide thrust. For example, the propulsion force from the propulsion system 80 can travel to one or more projectiles 90, 95 within the housing or channel of the deployment unit 20. The propulsion force can travel through the manifold in the deployment unit 20.

In many embodiments, the propulsion force may be provided to the first projectile 90 and/or the second projectile 95 indirectly. For example, the propulsion force can be provided to the second source of propellant in the propulsion system 80. The propulsion force can launch the second source of propellant in the propulsion system 80, causing the second source of propellant to release the propellant. The force associated with the released propellant may sequentially provide force to one or more projectiles 90, 95. The force generated by the second source of propellant can cause the projectiles 90, 95 to deploy from the deployment unit 20 and the CEW 1.

In many embodiments, each emitter 90, 95 may include any suitable type of emitter. For example, one or more emitters 90, 95 may be or include electrodes (e.g., electrode darts). The electrode may include a spear portion designed to pierce or attach tissue close to the target in order to provide a conductive path between the electrode and the tissue, as previously discussed herein. For example, each of the emitters 90, 95 may include a respective electrode. The projectiles 90 and 95 may be deployed from the deployment unit 20 at the same time or substantially at the same time. The projectiles 90, 95 can be launched from a common propulsion system 80 with the same propulsion force. The projectiles 90 and 95 can also be launched by one or more propulsion forces received from one or more propulsion systems 80. The deployment unit 20 may include an internal manifold configured to transmit propulsion force from the propulsion system 80 to one or more projectiles 90, 95.

In many embodiments, each emitter 90, 95 may include any suitable type of electrode. For example, a low-penetration electrode wire-tether can be connected to the deployment unit 20 to enable current (for example, a stimulus signal) to be transmitted from the signal generator 70 to the deployment unit 20, to each respective tether wire, And pass through each respective electrode. As the electrodes travel towards the target, their respective tether wires are deployed behind the electrodes.

The low-penetration electrode can be constructed to penetrate the target tissue at a maximum penetration depth of 13 mm (0.039 inch) or less. The maximum penetration depth can be determined based on medical or safety research to at least partially reduce the damage to the target caused by penetrating the electrode into the target tissue. The low-penetration electrode may include a spear that can pierce the tissue of the target to connect the target to the electrode. The spear can have a length of 13 mm or less to ensure that the electrode will not penetrate the target tissue at a depth greater than the maximum penetration depth. The low-penetration electrode may also include an electrode body, which is configured to be coupled to the lance at the first end and to the respective wire tether at the second end. The width of the electrode body can be greater than the width of the spear. The width or diameter of the electrode body can be larger or substantially larger than the width or diameter of the spear (for example, twice the width of the spear, three times the width of the spear, four or more times the width of the spear, etc.). Before the electrode is deployed, the electrode body can accommodate the wire-tether. The electrode body can also be constructed to prevent the spear from penetrating the target tissue at a depth greater than the maximum penetration depth. For example, the larger width of the electrode body can contact the target tissue and reduce the speed of the electrode and the ability of the spear to further penetrate the target tissue.

Due at least in part to the physical limitations required to maintain the maximum penetration depth, in response to a target wearing one or more objects (such as clothes, winter clothing, body armor, etc.), low-penetration electrodes can establish a connection to the target tissue .

Referring now to FIGS. 4A-4C, the depicted process flow is only an example and is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. For example, the steps listed in any one of the method or process descriptions can be performed in any order and are not limited to the order presented. As another example, one or more steps listed in any one of the method or process description can be omitted.

In many embodiments, and specifically referring to FIG. 4A, a method 401 for controlling a conductive electric weapon (CEW) using a (first) control interface is disclosed. The method 401 may allow one or more emitters to be selectively deployed from the deployment unit. The method 401 may also allow different types of emitters to be selectively deployed from a single deployment unit.

In many embodiments, the CEW may determine the unfolding unit characteristics (step 402). The features of the unfolded unit may include data indicating many features of the unfolded unit. The unfolding unit characteristics may include unfolding unit type, projectile type, projectile position, unfolding instructions, and/or any other suitable or desired information related to the unfolding unit, projectile, CEW, or the deployment of the projectile from the unfolding unit.

The expansion unit type may include information about the expansion unit type, such as training expansion unit, hybrid projectile deployment unit (for example, the deployment unit has a plurality of projectile types, such as both low-penetration projectiles and object-penetrating projectiles), The same projectile deployment unit, low-penetration projectile deployment unit (for example, only a low-penetration projectile deployment unit), object-penetrating projectile deployment unit (for example, only an object-penetrating projectile The expansion unit), and/or the information of the similar.

The projectile type may include information about the type of each projectile in the expansion unit, such as a low-penetration projectile, an object-penetrating projectile, and other low-lethal projectiles. The emitter type can also include information about the number of emitters in the unfolding unit and/or the number of each emitter type in the unfolding unit (for example, 6 low-penetration emitters, 3 object-penetrating emitters, etc.) material.

The projectile position may include data indicating the position of one or more projectiles in the unfolding unit. The deployment unit can be constructed to accommodate any suitable number of projectiles (for example, 2, 3, 6, 9, etc.) so that each projectile is positioned in the barrel before launching. The projectile location may include data indicating in which barrel the one or more projectiles are contained. For example, the low-penetration projectile 1 is located in the barrel 1, the low-penetration projectile 2 is located in the barrel 2, and so on. As another example, the object penetrating projectile 1 is located in the barrel 1, the object penetrating projectile 2 is located in the barrel 2, and so on. As another example, the low-penetration projectile 1 is located in the barrel 1, the object-penetrating projectile 1 is located in the barrel 2, and so on.

The unfolding instruction may include data indicating an instruction for unfolding one or more projectiles from the unfolding unit. The deployment instruction may include the sequence of projectile deployment, the number of projectiles to be deployed for each activation, and so on. For example, the deployment instruction may include: first trigger activation: deploy projectile 1 and projectile 2; second trigger activation: deploy projectile 3; third trigger activation: deploy projectile 4; and so on. As another example, the deployment instruction may include: first trigger activation: deploy projectile 1; second trigger activation: deploy projectile 2; third trigger activation: deploy projectile 3; and so on. As another example, the deployment instruction may include: first trigger activation: deploy three projectiles; second trigger activation: deploy one projectile; third trigger activation: deploy one projectile; and so on.

CEW can use any suitable process to determine the characteristics of the unfolded unit. For example, and according to many embodiments, the memory of the expansion unit (for example, the expansion unit memory, the first memory, etc.) can store the characteristics of the expansion unit. The processing circuit of CEW can communicate with the memory of the expansion unit to retrieve and determine the characteristics of the expansion unit. As another example, and according to many embodiments, the memory of the expansion unit may store a unique identifier (for example, the expansion unit identifier, etc.). The CEW memory (for example, the CEW memory, the second memory, etc.) can store lists, tables, etc., of unique identifiers and associated expanded unit features. The processing circuit of CEW can communicate with the memory of the expansion unit to retrieve the unique identifier. The processing circuit can communicate with the CEW's memory to determine the characteristics of the unfolding unit based on the unique identifier.

In many embodiments, the CEW may receive the control mode selection (step 404). The control mode selection may include safety mode selection (step 404-1), shooting mode selection (step 404-2), or penetration mode selection (step 404-3). In many embodiments, the control mode selection can also include any other suitable or desired control modes. The control mode selection can be received before deciding on the characteristics of the unfolding unit. The control mode selection can be received after determining the characteristics of the unfolding unit. The characteristics of the unfolded unit can be determined in response to the control mode selection. The safe mode selection can be constructed to prevent the launching of the projectile from the deployment unit of the CEW. The shooting mode selection can be constructed to enable the deployment unit or projectile to be deployed from the CEW. Shooting mode selection can also enable selected projectiles, such as low-penetration projectiles, rather than object-penetrating projectiles to be deployed. The penetration mode selection can be constructed to enable all deployment units or emitters to be deployed from the CEW, regardless of the type of the emitter.

CEW can use any suitable process to receive the control mode selection. For example, and according to many embodiments, the control interface of the CEW can receive control mode selection. In response to receiving the control mode selection, the control interface may send the control mode selection to the processing circuit of the CEW. As another example, the processing circuit can be configured to detect the control mode selection on the control interface. For example, in response to the control interface receiving the control mode command, the processing circuit can detect and receive the control mode command from the control interface.

In many embodiments, the CEW may receive trigger activation (step 406). Trigger activation can be received by the CEW trigger. For example, the processing circuit of the CEW can be configured to detect activation by the trigger received by the trigger. As another example, in response to receiving the trigger activation, the trigger may send the trigger activation to the processing circuit.

In many embodiments, the CEW may indicate or cause a command to the signal generator based on at least one of control mode selection and unfolding unit characteristics (step 408). The CEW can instruct the signal generator in response to receiving the trigger activation. For example, the processing circuit of the CEW can instruct the signal generator in response to receiving the trigger activation. In response to receiving a command (such as a control signal), the signal generator may be configured to provide one or more ignition signals to the deployment unit to cause the deployment of one or more emitters. In that regard, the instruction sent to the signal may be based on at least one of the control mode selection and the characteristics of the deployment unit to cause the selective deployment of one or more projectiles.

For example, and according to many embodiments, in response to the control mode selection being the safety mode selection (step 404-1), the CEW may not instruct the signal generator to provide an ignition signal. In that regard, activation of the trigger may not cause subsequent activation of the projectile from the deployment unit.

For example, and according to many embodiments, in response to the control mode selection being the shooting mode selection (step 404-2), the CEW may instruct the signal generator to selectively provide ignition signals to one or more deployment units or emitters to cause a Or more projectiles unfold. In response to the shooting mode selection, the low-penetration projectile can be expanded, and the object-penetrating projectile can be prohibited from expanding. In that regard, the CEW can instruct the signal generator to selectively provide an ignition signal to cause one or more low-penetration projectiles to deploy.

The selection of one or more emitters to be deployed may also be based on the characteristics of the deployed unit. For example, the CEW (via the processing circuit) may instruct the signal generator to provide an ignition signal to one or more projectiles based on the type of deployment unit, the type of projectile, the position of the projectile, deployment instructions, etc. For example, in response to an unfolding instruction, the unfolding instruction includes an instruction to unfold the projectile 1, the projectile 2, and the projectile 3 in response to the trigger activation, the CEW can instruct the signal generator to provide an ignition signal to cause the projectile 1, the projectile 2. Unfolding with projectile 3. In response to one or more of the projectile 1, projectile 2, and/or projectile 3 including the object penetrating projectile, the CEW can instruct the signal generator to only provide the ignition signal to make it not an object penetrating projectile The deployment of the projectile 1, projectile 2, and/or projectile 3, and/or can instruct the signal generator to provide an ignition signal to cause the deployment of additional projectiles, so that a total of three non-object penetrating projectiles can be deployed.

As another example, in response to indicating that only the object penetrating emitter can be used in the unfolding unit type and/or emitter type in the unfolding unit, the CEW may not instruct the signal generator to provide an ignition signal. In that regard, activation of the trigger may not cause the projectile to be subsequently activated from the deployment unit. In many embodiments, in response to the unfolding unit being unable to unfold the emitter based on control mode selection and/or unfolding unit features, the CEW can notify the operator (for example, via sound, warning, user display, etc.).

For example, and according to many embodiments, in response to the control mode selection being the penetration mode selection (step 404-3), the CEW may instruct the signal generator to selectively provide the ignition signal to one or more deployment units or emitters to Causes the deployment of one or more projectiles. In response to the selection of the penetration mode, the low-penetration emitter and the object-piercing emitter can be deployed. In that regard, the CEW can instruct the signal generator to selectively provide an ignition signal to cause the deployment of one or more low-penetration projectiles and/or object-penetrating projectiles.

The selection of one or more emitters to be deployed may also be based on the characteristics of the deployed unit. For example, the CEW (via the processing circuit) may instruct the signal generator to provide an ignition signal to one or more projectiles based on the type of deployment unit, the type of projectile, the position of the projectile, deployment instructions, etc. For example, in response to an unfolding instruction, the unfolding instruction includes an instruction to unfold the projectile 1, the projectile 2, and the projectile 3 in response to the trigger activation, the CEW can instruct the signal generator to provide an ignition signal to cause the projectile 1, the projectile 2. Unfolding with projectile 3. In response to the unfolding unit feature, the unfolding unit feature includes an instruction to unfold the two object penetrating electrodes in response to the first trigger activation. The CEW can instruct the signal generator to provide an ignition signal to cause the two object penetrating electrodes Unfold. In response to the unfolding unit feature, the unfolding unit feature includes an instruction to unfold an object penetrating electrode and two low-penetrating electrodes in response to the first trigger activation. CEW can instruct the signal generator to provide an ignition signal to cause a The development of the object penetrating electrode and two low penetrating electrodes.

In many embodiments, and specifically referring to FIG. 4B, a method 421 for controlling CEW using a (second) control interface is disclosed. The method 421 may allow one or more emitters to be selectively deployed from the deployment unit. For example, the method 421 may be able to select one, two, three, or any other suitable number of emitters for deployment.

In many embodiments, the CEW may determine the unfolding unit characteristics (step 422). The features of the unfolded unit may include data indicating many features of the unfolded unit. The unfolding unit characteristics may include unfolding unit type, projectile type, projectile location, unfolding instructions, and/or any other suitable or desired information related to the unfolding unit, projectile, CEW, or the deployment of the projectile from the unfolding unit. Referring to FIG. 4A, the expanded cell feature is discussed in more detail in method 401.

CEW can use any suitable process to determine the characteristics of the unfolded unit. Referring briefly to FIG. 4A, the CEW may determine the unfolded cell features similar to the unfolded cell features in step 404. For example, and according to many embodiments, the memory of the expansion unit (for example, the expansion unit memory, the first memory, etc.) can store the characteristics of the expansion unit. The processing circuit of CEW can communicate with the memory of the expansion unit to retrieve and determine the characteristics of the expansion unit. As another example, and according to many embodiments, the memory of the expansion unit may store a unique identifier (for example, the expansion unit identifier, etc.). The CEW memory (for example, the CEW memory, the second memory, etc.) can store a list, table, etc., of unique identifiers and associated expanded unit features. The processing circuit of CEW can communicate with the memory of the expansion unit to retrieve the unique identifier. The processing circuit can communicate with the memory of the CEW to determine the characteristics of the expanded unit based on the unique identifier.

In many embodiments, the CEW may receive the control mode selection (step 424). The control mode selection may include shooting one selection (step 424-1), shooting two selection (step 424-2), or shooting three selection (step 424-3). In many embodiments, the control mode selection can also include any other suitable or desired control modes. The control mode selection can be received before deciding on the characteristics of the unfolding unit. After determining the characteristics of the unfolding unit, the control mode selection can be received. The characteristics of the unfolded unit can be determined in response to the control mode selection. In many embodiments, the control mode selection can also be data from the characteristics of the expanded unit.

The firing option can be constructed to enable the single deployment of the projectile from the deployment unit in response to trigger activation. The second shooting option can be constructed to enable the two projectiles to be deployed from the deployment unit in response to trigger activation. The three shooting options can be constructed to enable the three projectiles to be deployed from the deployment unit in response to trigger activation.

CEW can use any suitable process to receive the control mode selection. For example, and in accordance with many embodiments, the control interface of CEW can receive control mode selection. In response to receiving the control mode selection, the control interface may send the control mode selection to the processing circuit of the CEW. As another example, the processing circuit can be configured to detect the control mode selection on the control interface. For example, in response to the control interface receiving the control mode command, the processing circuit can detect and receive the control mode command from the control interface.

In many embodiments, the CEW may receive a trigger activation (step 426). Referring briefly to FIG. 4A, the CEW may receive trigger activation similar to receiving trigger activation in step 406. Trigger activation can be received by the CEW trigger. For example, the processing circuit of the CEW can be configured to detect activation by the trigger received by the trigger. As another example, in response to receiving the trigger activation, the trigger may send the trigger activation to the processing circuit.

In many embodiments, the CEW may indicate or cause instructions to the signal generator based on at least one of control mode selection and unfolding unit features (step 428). The CEW can indicate the signal generator in response to receiving the trigger activation. For example, the processing circuit of the CEW can instruct the signal generator in response to receiving the trigger activation. In response to receiving an instruction (for example, a control signal), the signal generator may be configured to provide one or more ignition signals to the deployment unit to cause the deployment of the one or more projectiles. In that regard, the instruction sent to the signal may be based on at least one of the control mode selection and the characteristics of the deployment unit to cause the selective deployment of one or more projectiles.

For example, and according to many embodiments, in response to the control mode selection system firing-selection (step 424-1), the CEW can instruct the signal generator to selectively provide the firing signal to an unfolding unit or projectile to cause a single projectile Unfold. For example, and according to many embodiments, in response to the control mode selection being the firing two selection (step 424-2), the CEW can instruct the signal generator to selectively provide the ignition signal to one or two deployment units or emitters to cause two The development of a projectile. For example, and according to many embodiments, in response to the control mode selection being the firing three selection (step 424-3), the CEW can instruct the signal generator to selectively provide the ignition signal to one, two, or three deployment units or projectiles , In order to cause the expansion of the three projectiles.

The selection of one or more emitters to be deployed may also be based on the characteristics of the deployed unit. For example, the CEW (via the processing circuit) may instruct the signal generator to provide ignition signals to one or more projectiles based on the type of deployment unit, type of projectile, position of the projectile, deployment instructions, etc. For example, in response to the unfolding unit feature, the unfolding unit feature includes a command in response to the trigger to activate certain projectiles, or a sequence of projectiles, CEW can provide an ignition signal based on the command instructing the signal generator to cause the projectiles to expand , To expand certain emitters or emitter sequences.

As an example, in response to the control mode selection being the shooting three options, the deployment unit feature can define the three projectiles to be deployed. For example, and referring to FIG. 4, the deployment unit feature may define the deployment (eg, linear deployment) of the projectiles 92-2, 92-5, and 92-8 in response to the first trigger activation. The deployment unit feature can define the deployment of the projectiles 92-2, 92-7, and 92-9 (e.g., triangular deployment) in response to activation of the first trigger. The unfolding unit features can also define any other configuration, number or unfolding order of the emitter independently or based on each control mode selection.

In many embodiments, in response to the selection of a control mode that defines the number of projectiles to be deployed, the number of projectiles is greater than the number of projectiles that can be used for deployment in the deployment unit, and the processing circuit can instruct the signal generator to provide an ignition signal, In order to cause the expansion of all remaining projectiles in the expansion unit. In many embodiments, the processing circuit may also notify the operator (for example, via sound, warning, user display, etc.).

In many embodiments, and specifically referring to FIG. 4C, a method 441 for controlling the CEW using the first control interface and the second control interface is disclosed. Method 441 may allow one or more emitters to be selectively deployed from the deployment unit. The method 401 may also allow selective deployment of different types of emitters from a single deployment unit.

In many embodiments, the CEW may determine the unfolding unit characteristics (step 442). The features of the unfolded unit may include data indicating many features of the unfolded unit. The unfolding unit characteristics may include unfolding unit type, projectile type, projectile position, unfolding instructions, and/or any other suitable or desired information related to the unfolding unit, projectile, CEW, or the deployment of the projectile from the unfolding unit. The expanded unit features are discussed in more detail with reference to the method 401 of FIG. 4A and the method 421 of FIG. 4B.

CEW can use any suitable process to determine the characteristics of the unfolded unit. For example, and according to many embodiments, the memory of the expansion unit (for example, the expansion unit memory, the first memory, etc.) can store the characteristics of the expansion unit. The processing circuit of CEW can communicate with the memory of the expansion unit to retrieve and determine the characteristics of the expansion unit. As another example, and according to many embodiments, the memory of the expansion unit may store a unique identifier (for example, the expansion unit identifier, etc.). The CEW memory (for example, the CEW memory, the second memory, etc.) can store lists, tables, etc., of unique identifiers and associated expanded unit features. The processing circuit of CEW can communicate with the memory of the expansion unit to retrieve the unique identifier. The processing circuit can communicate with the CEW's memory to determine the characteristics of the unfolding unit based on the unique identifier.

In many embodiments, the CEW may receive the first control mode selection (step 444). The control mode selection may include safety mode selection (step 444-1), shooting mode selection (step 444-2), or penetration mode selection (step 444-3). Referring briefly to FIG. 4A, the CEW may receive a first control mode selection similar to the control mode selection received in method 401.

The CEW can use any suitable process to receive the first control mode selection. For example, and according to many embodiments, the first control interface of the CEW can receive the first control mode selection. In response to receiving the first control mode selection, the first control interface may send the first control mode selection to the processing circuit of the CEW. As another example, the processing circuit can be configured to detect the first control mode selection on the first control interface. For example, in response to the first control interface receiving the first control mode command, the processing circuit can detect and receive the first control mode command from the first control interface.

In many embodiments, the CEW may receive the second control mode selection (step 446). The control mode selection may include shooting one selection (step 446-1), shooting two selection (step 446-2), or shooting three selection (step 446-3). Briefly referring to FIG. 4B, the CEW may receive the second control mode selection similar to receiving the control mode selection in method 421.

The CEW can use any suitable process to receive the second control mode selection. For example, and according to many embodiments, the second control interface of the CEW can receive the second control mode selection. In response to receiving the second control mode selection, the second control interface may send the second control mode selection to the processing circuit of the CEW. As another example, the processing circuit can be configured to detect the second control mode selection on the second control interface. For example, in response to the second control interface receiving the second control mode command, the processing circuit can detect and receive the second control mode command from the second control interface.

In many embodiments, the first control mode selection, the second control mode selection, and the unfolding unit feature can be received and determined in any suitable or desired order. For example, the first control mode selection and/or the second control mode selection may be received before determining the characteristics of the unfolding unit. The first control mode selection and/or the second control selection can be received after determining the characteristics of the unfolding unit. The unfolding unit characteristics can be determined in response to the first control mode selection and/or the second control mode selection.

In many embodiments, the CEW may receive a trigger activation (step 448). Referring briefly to FIG. 4A, the CEW may receive trigger activation similar to receiving trigger activation in step 406. The trigger of CEW can be used to receive trigger activation. For example, the processing circuit of the CEW can be configured to detect activation by the trigger received by the trigger. As another example, in response to receiving the trigger activation, the trigger may send the trigger activation to the processing circuit.

In many embodiments, the CEW may indicate or cause a command to the signal generator based on at least one of the first control mode selection, the second control mode selection, and the characteristics of the unfolding unit (step 450).

The CEW may indicate the signal generator in response to receiving the trigger activation. For example, the processing circuit of the CEW can instruct the signal generator in response to receiving the trigger activation. In response to receiving a command (eg, a control signal), the signal generator may be configured to provide one or more ignition signals to the deployment unit to cause the deployment of one or more projectiles. In that regard, the instruction sent to the signal may be based on at least one of the first control mode selection, the second control mode selection, and the characteristics of the deployment unit to cause selective deployment of one or more projectiles. Referring briefly to FIG. 4A, an example of deployment based on the first control mode selection is discussed in more detail in method 401. Referring briefly to FIG. 4B, an example of deployment based on the second control mode selection is discussed in more detail in method 421. With reference to FIGS. 4A and 4B, examples of unfolding based on unfolding unit features are discussed in more detail in both the method 401 and the method 421. Other examples of deployment based on one or more of the first control mode selection, the second control mode selection, and the characteristics of the deployment unit are provided below.

For example, in response to the first control mode selection being a shooting mode selection and the second control mode selection being a shooting selection, the CEW can be activated each time the trigger is activated to enable a single low-penetration projectile to be selectively deployed.

As another example, in response to the first control mode selection being the penetration mode selection and the second control mode selection being the shooting two selections, CEW can enable the two projectiles to be selectively deployed for each trigger activation, where each The emitter can be a low-penetration emitter or an object-piercing emitter. In response to the unfolding unit features that define the sequence of the launcher's unfolding, the CEW can further enable the two emitters to be selectively unfolded according to the unfolding unit features.

In many embodiments, and with reference to FIG. 5A, an electrode 100 (for example, an object penetrating electrode) is disclosed. The electrode 100 can be configured to penetrate an object worn by the target to ensure that the electrode 100 can establish a connection with the target tissue. In that respect, in contrast to a low-penetration electrode, the electrode 100 can increase the penetration and connectivity to the target tissue. The electrode 100 may be configured to penetrate objects worn by the target, such as thick clothes, winter clothes, and the like. The electrode 100 can be constructed as a bulletproof vest (for example, a bulletproof vest, etc.) that penetrates up to the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) IIIA classification standard (and includes the NIJ level lower than IIIA). Among other variables, the penetration capability of the electrode 100 may be a function of the size, shape, weight, and deployment speed of the electrode 100.

In many embodiments, the electrode 100 can be deployed from the deployment unit of the CEW at a higher speed than a low-penetration electrode. For example, the electrode 100 can be deployed at a greater speed to assist the electrode 100 to penetrate one or more objects. In many embodiments, compared with a low-penetration electrode, a signal generator of the CEW can also provide a larger charge (or stimulation signal) to the electrode 100. For example, the electrode 100 may be provided with a charge of 100 microcoulombs per pulse, and vice versa, the other electrode may be provided with a charge of 70 microcoulombs per pulse.

In many embodiments, the electrode 100 may include a body 101 having a contact end 105 opposite to the tether end 107. The body 101 may include any suitable size and shape configured to assist (or not prevent) the electrode 100 in the penetrating object. The body 101 may include a length greater than the length of the low-penetration electrode and/or the spear of the electrode (for example, the length is defined as the distance between the contact end 105 of the electrode 101 and the tether end 107). The body 101 may include a length greater than the length of the low-penetration electrode configured to meet the maximum penetration depth. For example, the body 101 may include a length greater than 13 millimeters (0.039 inches). The body 101 may include a shape configured to minimize tissue damage in the target tissue in response to the penetration of the electrode 100 through the target tissue. The body 101 may include an aerodynamic shape. The body 101 may include an elongated shape, such as a needle shape, a pin shape, a cylindrical shape, and the like. The width or diameter of the body 101 may not change between the contact end 105 and the tether end 107, or may change less than ten percent, less than 20 percent, less than 30 percent, or less than 4 percent. Ten, or less than fifty percent of the length of the body 101. In many embodiments, the width or diameter of the body 101 may not change or may be along at least fifty percent, at least sixty percent, or at least 60 percent of the length of the body 101 between the contact end 105 and the tether end 107. At least seventy percent, at least eighty percent, or at least ninety percent change by these percentages, and are perpendicular to the width or diameter of the body 101. The body 101 may include any suitable material with conductive properties. In many embodiments, the body 101 may include a material with a heavier weight than the material used by the low-penetration electrode. The counterweight can respond to deployment from the CEW while the auxiliary electrode 100 maintains speed, stability, and accuracy. For example, the body 101 may include a tungsten metal material.

In many embodiments, the body 101 may include a wide portion adjacent to the end 107 of the tether. The size and shape of the wide portion can be designed to at least partially prevent the tether end 107 and tether 110 from entering the target tissue. In that regard, the size and shape of the wide portion can be designed to at least partially stop the momentum of the electrode 100 after the electrode 100 has contacted the target and pierced the target tissue.

The contact end 105 may be configured to penetrate the object and connect the electrode 100 to the target tissue. The contact end 105 may include a sharp or pointed end configured as the auxiliary electrode 100 penetrating the object and connecting with the target tissue. The contact end 105 may be configured to assist in retaining the electrode 100 in the target tissue in response to the electrode 100 being connected to the target tissue. For example, according to many embodiments and referring to FIG. 5B, the contact end 105 may include or be coupled to the electrode attachment 220. The electrode attachment 220 can also be located at any other position on the body 101, which is suitable for assisting the retention of the electrode 100 in the target tissue. The electrode attachment 220 may include any suitable components or materials that are constructed as a reserve of the auxiliary electrode 100. For example, the electrode attachment 220 may include barbed hooks, protrusions, angled protrusions, and the like.

In many embodiments, the electrode attachment 220 may include a dissolvable material that is configured to dissolve (completely or partially) in response to the electrode attachment 220 penetrating the target tissue. In that regard, when the electrode 100 is removed from the target tissue (for example, after the electrode attachment is dissolved), the dissolvable material can assist in minimizing damage to the target tissue. The electrode attachment 220 may include any material that can be dissolved in a liquid solvent (for example, water-soluble material, biodegradable material, etc.). For example, the electrode attachment 220 may include a salt material. The dissolution rate may be based on operating factors such as temperature. The dissolution rate can also be constructed based on factors such as the amount of dissolvable material used to form the electrode attachment 220. In that regard, these factors can be adjusted so that the soluble material dissolves (completely or partially) during the dissolution time. For example, the dissolution time can allow the electrode 100 to remain in the target tissue for a period of time before the material dissolves, so as to allow the electrode to be removed with minimal damage to the target tissue. The dissolution time may include any suitable or desired time or time range, such as one minute, one to two minutes, and so on.

In many embodiments, the electrode attachment 220 can be any position on the electrode 100 located between the contact end 105 and the tether end 107. For example, the electrode attachment 220 may be located on the middle point of the main body 101. Therefore, the electrode attachment 220 may be configured to allow the contact tip 105 to pierce the target before the electrode attachment 220 contacts the target or target tissue, so as to retain the electrode 100 at least partially in the target or target tissue. In many embodiments, in response to the electrode attachment 220 contacting the target or target tissue, the size and shape of the electrode attachment 220 may also be designed to at least partially reduce momentum. In that regard, the electrode attachment 220 may be configured to allow the contact end 105 to pierce the target before the electrode attachment 220 contacts the target or target tissue, so as to reduce the momentum of the electrode.

In many embodiments, and referring again to FIG. 5A, the tether end 107 may be configured to couple the body 101 to the tether 110. The tether 110 may be configured to electrically couple the electrode 100 to the deployment unit of the CEW (for example, the deployment unit 20 of the CEW 1, briefly refer to FIG. 1). The tether 110 may include any suitable conductive material capable of performing electrical coupling. The tether 110 can be coupled to the main body 101 using any suitable method, such as laser welding, crimping, and the like. In that regard, in contrast to a low-penetration electrode having a spear coupled to the body and a wire-tether coupled to the body, the electrode 100 may include a single unitary structure directly coupled to the tether 110.

In many embodiments, and referring to FIG. 5C, the tether 110 may also be configured to assist in removing the electrode 100 from the target tissue. For example, the tether 110 may include a first tether portion 315-1 (e.g., an electrode attachment portion) and a second tether portion 315-2 (e.g., a deployment unit attachment portion). For example, the first tether portion 315-1 may be configured to allow the user to remove the electrode 100 from the target tissue by pulling on the first tether portion 315-1. Compared with the second tether portion 315-2, the first tether portion 315-1 may include a material having a greater tensile strength. For example, the first tether portion 315-1 may include steel wire or similar materials. The second tether portion 315-2 may include a wire. The first tether portion 315-1 can be coupled to the body 101 at a first end, and to the second tether portion 315-2 at a second end. The second tether portion 315-2 may be coupled to the first tether portion 315-1 at the first end and to the deployment unit at the second end. In that regard, the charge can be transferred from the deployment unit to the second tether portion 315-2, from the second tether portion 315-2 to the first tether portion 315-1, and from the first tether portion 315-1 It is transmitted to the body 101 of the electrode 100. In many embodiments, the tether 110 may also include any number of tether parts, so that one or more tether parts have different tensile strengths.

In many embodiments, and referring again to FIG. 5A, the body 101 may include any suitable or desired surface coating. The surface coating can help retain the electrode 100 in the target tissue. For example, surface coatings such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)-based materials (for example, TEFLON® provided by DuPont) can be degraded (for example, deformed, scratched, roughened, etc.). The degraded surface can increase friction against the target tissue to assist in retaining the electrode 100 in the target tissue.

The surface coating can also be configured to control the current discharge from the electrode 100 to the target tissue. For example, according to many embodiments and referring to FIG. 5D, the body 101 may include a resistive coating 440. The resistive coating 440 may include one or more materials that provide resistance at varying levels. The resistive coating 440 may include any suitable insulating material and/or include high-resistance materials. For example, the resistive coating 440 may include a PTFE-based material. The resistive coating 440 may be configured to control the discharge of current from the electrode 100. For example, the charge traveling from the tether 110 into the body 101 can be discharged into the target tissue in the path of least resistance. For example, the resistive coating 440 on or near the contact end 105 on the body 101 may include a greater resistance than the resistive coating 440 on or near the tether end 107 on the body 101. Therefore, varying the resistance level across the body 101 may allow the electrode 100 to control the discharge of current, as discussed further herein.

In many embodiments, the resistive coating 440 may include one or more coating regions on the body 101, and each coating region has a variable resistance level. For example, FIG. 5D depicts a first resistive coating 440-1, a second resistive coating 440-2, a third resistive coating 440-3, and an "Nth" resistive coating 440-n (for example, as shown in FIG. The resistive coating 440 depicted by the cross-hatched lines in 5D). The resistive coating 440 may also include any other number of different coating areas on the body 101, or may include a resistance that decreases at any rate from the contact end 105 to the tether end 107.

The first resistance coating 440-1 may include a resistance greater than that of the second resistance coating 440-2, the third resistance coating 440-3, and the Nth resistance coating 440-n. The second resistance coating 440-2 may include a resistance greater than that of the third resistance coating 440-3 and the Nth resistance coating 440-n, but less than the first resistance coating 440-1. The third resistance coating 440-3 may include a resistance greater than the Nth resistance coating 440-n but less than the first resistance coating 440-1 and the second resistance coating 440-2. The nth resistive coating 440-n may include a resistance smaller than that of the first resistive coating 440-1, the second resistive coating 440-2, and the third resistive coating 440-3. As an example, the first resistive coating 440-1 can be insulated at 500 volts, the second resistive coating 440-2 can be insulated at 400 volts, and the third resistive coating 440-3 can be insulated at 200 volts. The N resistance coating 440-n may not be insulated.

As an example, in response to the electrode 100 coupled to the target tissue, a charge can pass through the electrode 100 to complete the circuit with the second electrode coupled to the target tissue. The charge can pass through a part of the body 101 of the electrode 100 with the smallest resistance to complete the circuit. For example, in response to the target tissue being in electrical contact with the first resistive coating 440-1, the second resistive coating 440-2, the third resistive coating 440-3, and the Nth resistive coating 440-n, the charge can pass through The Nth resistive coating 440-n completes the circuit. As another example, in response to the target tissue being only in electrical contact with the first resistive coating 440-1 and the second resistive coating 440-2, charges can pass through the second resistive coating 440-2 to complete the circuit. In that regard, the resistive coating 440 can further minimize damage to the target tissue (or target organ) by limiting the electric charge in the body of the target to discharge deeper than the depth required to complete the circuit.

In many embodiments, the resistance level across the body of the electrode 100 can be selected by selectively exposing the area of the electrode body (for example, the surface area of the electrode body not covered by the resistive coating). For example, according to many embodiments and referring to FIG. 6, the electrode 100 may include a body 101 having a resistive coating 540 (e.g., as depicted by cross-hatching in FIG. 6). Referring briefly to FIG. 5D, the resistive coating 540 may be similar to the resistive coating 440. In that regard, the resistive coating 540 may include one or more materials that provide electrical resistance. The resistive coating 540 may include any suitable insulating materials and/or materials, such as PTFE-based materials. The resistive coating 540 may also include any other number of different coating areas on the body 101, or may include a resistance that decreases at any rate from the contact end 105 to the tether end 107.

The resistive coating 540 (or the body 101) may include a plurality of exposed surfaces 550. The exposed surface 550 can be configured to control the discharge of current from the electrode 100. For example, the resistive coating 540 (or the body 101) may include: a first exposed surface 550-1, a second exposed surface 550-2, a third exposed surface 550-3, a fourth exposed surface 550-4, and a fifth exposed surface 550-5, sixth exposed surface 550-6, seventh exposed surface 550-7, eighth exposed surface 550-8, ninth exposed surface 550-9, and/or any other number suitable for controlling the current from electrode 100 The exposed surface 550 of the discharge.

Each exposed surface 550 may include a portion of the body 101 that is not covered by the resistive coating 540 (for example, each exposed surface may define a void through the resistive coating 540). In many embodiments, one or more exposed surfaces 550 can be formed by not applying the resistive coating 540 to the surface area defined by the exposed surface 550. In many embodiments, one or more exposed surfaces 550 may be formed by removing the resistive coating 540 on a portion of the resistive coating 540, the portion of the resistive coating 540. It is defined by the exposed surface 550. Each exposed surface 550 can include any suitable length, width, size, shape, surface area, etc. The physical properties and number of the exposed surface 550 can be varied, so that the total amount of surface area (eg, first surface area, high resistance surface area, etc.) exposed on or near the contact end 105 of the body 101 is smaller than that of the tether end exposed on the body 101 The total amount of surface area (eg, second surface area, low resistance surface area, etc.) on or near 107.

In many embodiments, the total amount of exposed surface area can rise from the contact end 105 to the tether end 107 (e.g., drop from the tether end 107 to the contact end 105). For example, the resistive coating 540 may be divided into one or more sections with varying amounts of exposed surface area. These parts may overlap or may include different areas of the body 101. For example, the first portion of the resistive coating 540 may include the first exposed surface 550-1, the second portion of the resistive coating 540 may include the second exposed surface 550-2, and the third portion of the resistive coating 540 may include the third exposed surface. The surface 550-3 and the fourth exposed surface surface 550-4, the fourth part of the resistive coating 540 may include the fifth exposed surface 550-5, and the fifth part of the resistive coating 540 may include the sixth exposed surface 550-6, The sixth portion of the resistive coating 540 may include the seventh exposed surface 550-7, the seventh portion of the resistive coating 540 may include the eighth exposed surface 550-8, and the eighth portion of the resistive coating 540 (or the non-exposed surface of the body 101) The portion with the resistive coating 540) may include the ninth exposed surface 550-9, and/or any combination thereof.

The first part may comprise an exposed surface area smaller than the second part, the third part, the fourth part, the fifth part, the sixth part, the seventh part, and the eighth part. The second part may include an exposed surface area larger than the first part, but smaller than the third part, the fourth part, the fifth part, the sixth part, the seventh part, and the eighth part. The third portion may include an exposed surface area larger than the first portion and the second portion, but smaller than the fourth portion, the fifth portion, the sixth portion, the seventh portion, and the eighth portion. The fourth part may include an exposed surface area larger than the first part, the second part, and the third part, but smaller than the fifth part, the sixth part, the seventh part, and the eighth part. The fifth portion may include an exposed surface area larger than the first portion, the second portion, the third portion, and the fourth portion, but smaller than the sixth portion, the seventh portion, and the eighth portion. The sixth part may include an exposed surface area larger than the first part, the second part, the third part, the fourth part, and the fifth part, but smaller than the seventh part and the eighth part. The seventh portion may include an exposed surface area larger than the first portion, the second portion, the third portion, the fourth portion, the fifth portion, and the sixth portion but smaller than the eighth portion. The eighth part may include a larger exposed surface area than the first part, the second part, the third part, the fourth part, the fifth part, the sixth part, and the seventh part.

When operating the CEW (for example, starting, unfolding, etc.), the electric charge traveling from the tether 110 into the body 101 can be discharged into the target tissue in the path of least resistance. As an example, in response to the electrode 100 being coupled to the target tissue, a charge can pass through the electrode 100 to complete the circuit with the second electrode coupled to the target tissue. The charge can pass through the portion of the body 101 of the electrode 100 that has the least resistance to complete the circuit. The path of minimum resistance can be controlled via the exposed surface 550. For example, the charge traveling from the body 101 can be discharged from the electrode 100 into the tissue of the target at a position in contact with the largest conductive surface area of the body 101. As an example, in response to the target tissue being in electrical contact with all parts of the resistive coating 540, the charge can pass through the ninth exposed surface 550-9 to complete the circuit (eg, the maximum conductive surface area in contact with the target tissue). As another example, in response to the target tissue being in electrical contact with the first part, the second part, and the third part of the resistive coating 540, the charge can pass through the third exposed surface 550-3 and/or the fourth exposed surface 550-4 To complete the circuit. In that regard, the resistive coating 540 with the exposed surface 550 can further minimize damage to the target tissue (or target organ) by limiting the charge to discharge into the target body deeper than the depth required to complete the circuit. .

In many embodiments, and referring again to FIG. 5A, the body 101 may include one or more materials configured to control the discharge of current from the electrode 100 to the target tissue.

For example, and in accordance with many embodiments, the body 101 may include a carbon fiber composite material, and/or any other similar composite material with similar characteristics. When flowing through the composite material, electricity may encounter greater resistance. Composite materials can also be designed to have a certain range of conductivity. The body 101 may include a composite material, which is configured to include a conductivity that is lower than that of the human body (eg, target tissue). The current flowing from the tether end 107 (for example, via the tether 110) to the contact end 105 in the body 101 containing the composite material can be discharged at the earliest part of the body 101 that is adjacent to the tether end 107 in contact with the target tissue . For example, in response to all of the body 101 being in contact with the target tissue, the current may be discharged near the tether end 107 and not near the contact end 105. As another example, only in response to the contact of the surface of the body 101 near the contact end 105 with the target tissue, the current can be discharged near the contact end 105. In that regard, the body 101 containing the composite material can further minimize the damage to the target tissue (or target organ) by limiting the charge to discharge into the target body deeper than the depth required to complete the circuit.

As another example, and according to many embodiments, the body 101 may include a plurality of materials, such that at least one material includes a resistance different from the second material. Materials containing different resistances can be interspersed in the main body 101 to control the discharge of current from the main body 101. For example, a material containing a higher resistance may be placed near the contact end 105, and a material containing a lower resistance may be placed near the tether end 107. For example, the body 101 may include a metal material interspersed with resistive materials. The resistive material may include conductive plastic or similar materials, or may include materials with insulating properties. Resistive materials may be interspersed in the body 101 to control the discharge of current.

The benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described herein with respect to specific embodiments. Furthermore, the connecting lines shown in the drawings contained herein are intended to represent exemplary functional relationships and/or physical couplings between the various elements. It should be noted that there may be many alternative or additional functional relationships or physical connections in the actual system. However, benefits, advantages, solutions to problems, and any elements that can cause any benefits, advantages, or solutions to appear or become more obvious should not be construed as key, necessary, or necessary features or elements of the disclosure. Therefore, the scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, in which, unless explicitly stated as such, the quotation of elements in the singular is not intended to mean "one and only one", and Is "one or more". Furthermore, the use of phrases similar to "at least one of A, B, or C" in the claim is intended to interpret the phrase to mean that A can exist alone in the embodiment, and B can exist alone in In an embodiment, C may exist alone in the embodiment, or any combination of elements A, B, and C may exist in a single embodiment; for example, A and B, A and C, B and C, or A and B and C .

This article provides systems, methods and equipment. In the detailed description herein, the embodiments described with reference to "many embodiments", "an embodiment", "embodiment", "exemplary embodiment", etc. may include specific features, structures, or features, but each An embodiment may not necessarily include a particular feature, structure, or characteristic. Furthermore, such phrases do not necessarily mean the same embodiment. Furthermore, when a specific feature, structure, or feature is described in conjunction with an embodiment, it can be considered that influencing the feature, structure, or feature in combination with other embodiments is within the knowledge of those skilled in the art, regardless of whether it is explicitly described. After reading this specification, it will be obvious to those skilled in the relevant technical fields how to implement the present disclosure in alternative embodiments. Furthermore, regardless of whether elements, components, or method steps are explicitly listed in the claims, none of the elements, components, or method steps in the present disclosure is intended to be exclusively used by the public. No claim element is intended to invoke 35 U.S.C. 112(f) unless the phrase "means for" is used to explicitly enumerate the element. As used herein, the terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variants thereof are intended to cover the non-exclusive "comprising", so that a process, method, object, or equipment that includes a list of components It includes not only those elements, but also other elements that are not explicitly listed or are inherent to such processes, methods, objects, or equipment.

1: Conductive electric weapon 10: Shell 12: Grip end 14: unfold the end 20: Expand the unit 30: Protective parts 40: trigger 45: Control interface 47: Safe Mode 48: shooting mode 49: penetration mode 50: Processing circuit 60: Power 70: signal generator 80: Propulsion system 90: projectile 92: projectile 92-1: projectile 92-2: Projectile 92-3: projectile 92-4: Projectile 92-5: Projectile 92-6: Projectile 92-7: Projectile 92-8: projectile 92-9: Projectile 95: projectile 100: Electrode 101: body 105: contact end 107: Tether end 110: Tether 220: Electrode accessories 245: Second control interface 248-1: Shooting mode 248-2: Shooting two mode 248-3: Shooting three modes 315-1: The first tether part 315-2: The second tether part 440: Resistive coating 440-1: Resistive coating 440-2: Resistive coating 440-3: Resistive coating 440-n: Resistive coating 540: Resistive coating 550: exposed surface 550-1: exposed surface 550-2: exposed surface 550-3: exposed surface 550-4: exposed surface 550-5: exposed surface 550-6: exposed surface 550-7: exposed surface 550-8: exposed surface 550-9: exposed surface

The subject of this disclosure is particularly pointed out and clearly asserted in the conclusion of the specification. However, when considered in conjunction with the following illustrative drawings, a more complete understanding of the present disclosure can be best obtained by referring to the detailed description and claims. In the following drawings, similar reference numbers throughout the drawings refer to similar elements and steps.

[Figure 1] A schematic diagram illustrating a conductive electric weapon according to various embodiments;

[FIG. 2A] A schematic diagram illustrating a first control interface for a conductive electric weapon according to various embodiments;

[FIG. 2B] A schematic diagram illustrating the second control interface for conductive electric weapons according to various embodiments;

[FIG. 3] A front view illustrating a deployment unit for a conductive electric weapon according to various embodiments;

[Figure 4A-4C] illustrates the process flow of the method of using the control interface to control the CEW according to many embodiments;

[FIGS. 5A-5D] illustrate object penetration electrodes for use in conductive electric weapons according to various embodiments; and

[FIG. 6] Illustrates an object penetration electrode including a resistive coating with a plurality of exposed surfaces according to various embodiments.

The elements and steps in the drawings are described for simplicity and clarity, and are not necessarily presented in any particular order. For example, the accompanying drawings illustrate steps that can be performed at the same time or in a different order to help improve the understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure.

100: Electrode

101: body

105: contact end

107: Tether end

110: Tether

Claims (20)

An electrode used in a conductive electric weapon, the electrode includes: An elongated body having a contact end opposite to the end of the tether, wherein the elongated body includes a needle shape; and The tether is directly coupled to the end of the tether, and the tether is configured to provide current to the elongated body. Such as the electrode of claim 1, wherein the tether includes a first tether part and a second tether part, wherein the first tether part is coupled to the end of the tether, and wherein the first tether The rope part includes a material having a higher tensile strength than the second tether part. Such as the electrode of claim 2, wherein the first tether portion includes a steel wire, and the second tether portion includes a wire. Such as the electrode of claim 1, further comprising a surface coating on the outer surface of the elongated body. The electrode of claim 4, wherein the surface coating includes a degraded surface. The electrode of claim 4, wherein the surface coating comprises a resistive coating. The electrode of claim 6, wherein the resistance coating includes a first resistance coating and a second resistance coating, wherein the first resistance coating is connected to the contact end, and wherein the first resistance coating includes Greater than the resistance of the second resistive coating. The electrode of claim 1, wherein the elongated body includes at least one of a synthetic material or a plurality of materials with different resistances, and wherein at least one of the synthetic material or the plurality of materials is configured to selectively control the current from the elongated body Discharge of the body. For example, the electrode of claim 1 further includes an electrode attachment coupled to the contact end. The electrode of claim 9, wherein the electrode attachment comprises a material configured to dissolve at least partially during the dissolution time. The electrode of claim 1, wherein the elongated body includes a length greater than 13 mm. Such as the electrode of claim 1, wherein the electrode system is constructed as a bulletproof vest that passes through the National Institute of Justice (NIJ) Class IIIA classification standard. An unfolding unit for conductive electric weapons, the unfolding unit includes: Propulsion system; and The object penetrating electrode is constructed to be deployed by the propulsion system, and the object penetrating electrode includes: An elongated body having a contact end opposite to the end of the tether, wherein the elongated body includes a needle shape; and The tether is directly coupled to the end of the tether, and the tether is configured to provide current to the elongated body. For example, the deployment unit of claim 13 further includes a non-object penetrating electrode, which is constructed to be deployed by the propulsion system. Such as the deployment unit of claim 14, wherein the object penetrating electrode is deployed by the propulsion system at a higher speed than the non-object penetrating electrode. For example, the expansion unit of claim 13, wherein the expansion unit selectively expands the object penetrating electrode or the non-object penetrating electrode based on a shooting mode command or a penetration mode command. A conductive electric weapon ("CEW") includes: Unfolding unit, including object penetrating electrode; The processing circuit is constructed to control the operation of the unfolding unit; A signal generator communicates with the processing circuit and the expansion unit, wherein the signal generator is configured to receive instructions from the processing circuit and cause the expansion unit to expand based on the instructions; and The control interface includes a safety mode, a shooting mode, and a penetration mode, wherein the control interface communicates with the processing circuit, wherein the control interface is based on the safety mode, the shooting mode, and the penetration mode to control the processing circuit's instructions , And the deployment of the penetrating electrode of the object is started in the penetrating mode. The conductive electric weapon of claim 17, wherein the deployment unit includes a non-object penetrating electrode, and wherein the deployment of the non-object penetrating electrode is activated in the shooting mode or the penetrating mode. Such as the conductive electric weapon of claim 18, wherein the deployment of the object-penetrating electrode and the non-object-penetrating electrode fails in the safe mode. The conductive electric weapon of claim 18, wherein at least one of the processing circuit or the deployment unit includes electrode deployment logic, and wherein the deployment of at least one of the object-penetrating electrode or the non-object-penetrating electrode is by Controlled by the electrode deployment logic.

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