TW202130786A - Liquid crystal composition, and liquid crystal element, sensor, liquid crystal lens, optical communication device and antenna each using same - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides: a nematic liquid crystal composition which is a liquid crystal material that enables a larger phase control of micrometer or millimeter electromagnetic waves, while having a high liquid crystal phase upper limit temperature (TNI), a high refractive index anisotropy ([Delta]n), and a low threshold voltage (Vth); and a liquid crystal element, a sensor or an antenna, in which the nematic liquid crystal composition is used. Specifically, the present invention provides a liquid crystal composition which is characterized by containing one or more compounds represented by general formula (i-1), one or more compounds selected from among compounds represented by general formula (i-2-1a), general formula (i-2-1b) and general formula (i-2-1c), and one or more compounds represented by general formula (ii).

Description

Liquid crystal composition and liquid crystal element, sensor, liquid crystal lens, optical communication equipment and antenna using the same

The invention relates to a liquid crystal composition and a liquid crystal element, a sensor, a liquid crystal lens, an optical communication device and an antenna using the liquid crystal composition.

As a novel application of liquid crystals that are mostly used for displays, antennas that use liquid crystals to transmit and receive radio waves between mobile objects such as automobiles and communication satellites are attracting attention. Previously, parabola antennas were used for satellite communications, but when used in moving objects such as cars, the parabola antenna must be directed toward the satellite at any time, requiring a large moving part. However, the antenna using liquid crystal can change the direction of radio wave transmission and reception by operating the liquid crystal, so there is no need to move the antenna itself, and the shape of the antenna can also be flat.

Generally speaking, for the automatic operation of automobiles and the like, it is necessary to download a large amount of high-precision three-dimensional (3D) map information. However, in the case of an antenna using liquid crystal, by assembling the antenna in a car, a large amount of data can be downloaded from a communication satellite even if there is no mechanical movable part. The frequency band used in satellite communications is approximately the 13 GHz band, which is quite different from the frequency used in the previous liquid crystal display applications. Therefore, the required physical properties of liquid crystals are also very different. The required Δn of liquid crystals for antennas is about 0.4, and the operating temperature range is -40°C to 120°C.

In addition, infrared laser image recognition and distance measurement devices using liquid crystals are also attracting attention as sensors for automatic operation of moving objects such as automobiles. The required Δn for liquid crystals for this purpose is 0.2 to 0.3, and the operating temperature range is -40°C to 120°C.

Furthermore, it is known that most of the liquid crystal compounds constituting a liquid crystal composition exhibiting a high Δn of 0.2 to 0.4 have low compatibility. Therefore, it is also important to select a liquid crystal compound with high compatibility.

In this regard, as a technique of liquid crystal for antennas, for example, Patent Document 1 can be cited.

In addition, in Non-Patent Document 1, the use of a liquid crystal material as a constituent component of a high-frequency device is advocated. [Prior Art Literature] [Patent Literature]

[Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2016-37607 [Non-Patent Literature]

[Non-Patent Document 1] D. Dolfi, "Electronics Letters", (UK), 1993, Volume 29, No. 10, p.926-927

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Liquid crystals used in phase modulation of electromagnetic waves such as antennas require the development of greater phase control of microwave or millimeter wave electromagnetic waves and higher refractive index anisotropy (Δn ) Liquid crystal composition. Furthermore, in the field of liquid crystal compositions for high-frequency applications such as antennas, they are also used outdoors or driven in mobile media such as automobiles. Therefore, a liquid crystal material that has a wide driving temperature range and a low driving voltage is required. Therefore, for the liquid crystal composition for this purpose, it is required to have both a high liquid crystal phase upper limit temperature (T _NI ) for increasing the upper limit temperature of the driving temperature, a high Δn for improving the phase modulation ability to high-frequency electromagnetic waves, and Low threshold voltage (Vth) driven by low voltage. However, the liquid crystal composition described in Patent Document 1 hardly shows a specific value of Δn, and even if Δn is shown, only a liquid crystal composition with a small Δε, which is considered to exhibit a high driving voltage, is shown. A liquid crystal composition having both high Δn and low driving voltage is not disclosed.

Therefore, the subject of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal material capable of greater phase control of microwave or millimeter wave electromagnetic waves, which has a high T _NI , a high Δn, and a low Vth for realizing a low driving voltage of the element. Nematic liquid crystal composition, and liquid crystal element, sensor, liquid crystal lens, optical communication equipment and antenna using it. [Means to solve the problem]

As a result of diligent studies conducted by the inventors, it was found that the liquid crystal composition described later contains one or two or more of the compounds represented by the general formula (i-1) selected from the general formula (i-2-1a) ), one or two or more of the compounds in the general formula (i-2-1b) and the general formula (i-2-1c), and one or two or more of the compounds represented by the general formula (ii) can be solved The above-mentioned problem has been completed to complete the invention of this application.

The gist structure of the present invention that solves the above-mentioned problems is as follows.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention is characterized by containing: One or two or more of the compounds represented by the following general formula (i-1),

[化1]

(In the general formula (i-1), R ⁱ¹ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and 2 Any one of the alkenyloxy groups of ~8, one of the groups or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -s may independently be -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution, in addition, ^{one or two or more hydrogen atoms present in R i1} can each independently be substituted with fluorine atoms, and A ⁱ¹ , A ⁱ² and A ⁱ³ each independently represent a group selected from the group (a), Group (b) and group (c): (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene (one -CH ₂ -or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the group can be substituted with -O-) , (B) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted with -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-di Base, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl One -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the hydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group can be substituted with -N=), the group (a), One or more hydrogen atoms in group (b) and group (c) may be independently substituted by halogen atoms, cyano groups or alkyl groups with 1 to 6 carbon atoms, m ⁱ¹ represents 1 or 2, in A ^When there are multiple i1, these may be the same or different); selected from the following general formula (i-2-1a), general formula (i-2-1b) and general formula (i-2-1c) One or two or more of the compounds in

[化2]

(In the general formulas (i-2-1a) to (i-2-1c), R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ each independently represent an alkynyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and in the alkynyl group One or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -may be substituted with -O- or -S-. In addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{R 11} , R ¹² and R ^{13 may be independently} Substituting a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom, M ¹¹ , M ¹² , M ¹³ , M ¹⁴ , M ¹⁵ and M ¹⁶ each independently represent a group (a), a group (b), and a group (c) selected from:

(A) 1,4-cyclohexylene (one -CH ₂ -existing in this group or two or more -CH ₂ -not adjacent to each other can be substituted with -O- or -S-), (b) 1 ,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted with -N=), 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 3 ,5-Difluoro-1,4-phenylene and (c) 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene, piperidine-2,5-diyl , Naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, the One or two or more of the hydrogen atoms in the group (a), group (b) and group (c) can be independently halogen atom, cyano group, trifluoromethyl group, trifluoromethoxy group or the number of carbon atoms. Alkyl substitution of 1 to 6, L ¹¹ , L ¹² , L ¹³ , L ¹⁴ , L ¹⁵ and L ¹⁶ each independently represent a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -(CH ₂ ) ₄ -, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O- or -C≡C-, p, q and r each independently represent 0, 1 or 2, in M ¹² , M ¹⁴ , M ¹⁶ , L ¹¹ , L ^13, and/or L ¹⁵ respectively exist in multiple cases, these may be the same or different, X ¹¹ , X ¹² , X ¹³ , X ¹⁴ , X ¹⁵ , X ¹⁶ and X ¹⁷ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom); and one or two or more of the compounds represented by the following general formula (ii),

[化3]

(In the general formula (ii), R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² each independently represent a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and carbon Any one of an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 atoms and an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, one of the groups or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -groups may be independently -CH=CH- ^{, -C≡C-} , -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution, in addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in R ii1 and R ^{ii2 can be independently substituted with fluorine atoms} , But R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² do not simultaneously represent a substituent selected from a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a cyano group. Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² and Z ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent a single bond, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O -, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ ^-or -C≡C-, A ii1, A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁵ and A ⁱⁱ⁶ each independently represent a base (a), a base (b), and a base (c) selected from the following: (A) 1,4-cyclohexylene (one -CH ₂ -in the group or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -can be substituted with -O-), (b) 1,4-phenylene Group (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted with -N=) and (c) naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl , 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1 ,2,3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl contains one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= groups that can be substituted with -N=). , One or more of the hydrogen atoms in the group (a), group (b) and group (c) may be independently substituted by a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent 0 or 1, and m ⁱⁱ¹ + m ⁱⁱ² + m ⁱⁱ³ represent 0 or 1).

In addition, the liquid crystal element and sensor of the present invention are characterized by using the liquid crystal composition.

In addition, the sensor of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition.

In addition, the liquid crystal lens of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition.

In addition, the optical communication device of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition.

In addition, the antenna of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition. [Effects of the invention]

According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a nematic liquid crystal having a high liquid crystal phase upper limit temperature (T _NI ), a high refractive index anisotropy (Δn), and a low threshold voltage (Vth) for realizing a low driving voltage of the element. The composition can further provide a liquid crystal element, a sensor, a liquid crystal lens, an optical communication device, and an antenna using the same.

The compound represented by the general formula (i-1) has a _{high T NI} and a low Vth. In addition, the Δn is relatively high and has better compatibility. Thereby, a stable liquid crystal composition at room temperature can be provided.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains one or two or more of the compounds represented by the following general formula (i-1).

[化4]

In the general formula (i-1), R ⁱ¹ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and an alkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms. Any one of the alkenyloxy groups, one of the groups or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -s may be independently -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- Substitution, in addition, one or two or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{R i1 can be substituted with fluorine atoms each independently.}

The alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkyl group, and preferably a linear alkyl group.

The alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms has 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 5, and more preferably 2 to 5.

Specific examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, and isodecyl. , Dodecyl and 2-ethylhexyl, etc.

The alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkoxy group, and a linear alkoxy group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably from 1 to 8, and more preferably from 1 to 5.

Specific examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include, for example, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentoxy group, and a hexyloxy group.

The alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkenyl group, and a linear alkenyl group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably from 2 to 5, and more preferably from 2 to 3.

Specific examples of alkenyl groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms include groups represented by formulas (R1) to (R5) (black dots in each formula represent carbon atoms in the ring structure).

[化5]

The alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkenyloxy group, and a linear alkenyloxy group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably 2 to 5.

Specific examples of alkenyloxy groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms include groups represented by formulas (R6) to (R10) (in each formula, black dots indicate carbon atoms in the ring structure).

[化6]

In the case where the reliability of the entire liquid crystal composition is important, R ^{i1 is} preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and when the reduction in the viscosity of the entire liquid crystal composition is important, R ^{i1 is} preferably the number of carbon atoms 2-8 alkenyl.

When the ring structure to which R ⁱ¹ is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic), it is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. When the ring structure to which R ⁱ¹ is bonded is a saturated ring structure such as cyclohexane, pyran, and dioxane, it is preferably a linear carbon atom. An alkyl group having 1 to 5, a linear alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a linear alkenyl group having 2 to 5 carbon atoms.

In addition, as R ⁱ¹ , in order to stabilize the nematic phase, the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms when present is preferably 5 or less, and is preferably linear.

In the general formula (i-1), A ⁱ¹ , A ⁱ² and A ⁱ³ each independently represent a group (a), a group (b), and a group (c) selected from: (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene _{(One -CH 2} -existing in this group or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -can be substituted with -O-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH in this group = Or two or more non-adjacent -CH= can be substituted with -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl Or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl exist one -CH= or non-contiguous Two or more -CH= can be substituted with -N=) in the group consisting of one or more hydrogen atoms in the group (a), group (b) and group (c) respectively It may be independently substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Examples of the halogen atom include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and a fluorine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferred.

Specific examples of the group (a) include divalent cyclic groups represented by the following formulas (a1) to (a5) (in each formula, * represents a bond to a carbon atom or other atom key).

[化7]

Specific examples of the group (b) include divalent cyclic groups represented by the following formulas (b1) to (b13), etc. (in each formula, * represents a bond to a carbon atom or other atom key).

[化8]

Specific examples of the group (c) include divalent cyclic groups represented by the following formulas (c1) to (c10), etc. (in each formula, * represents a bond to a carbon atom or other atom key).

[化9]

From the viewpoint of increasing Δn, A ⁱ¹ , A ⁱ² and A ⁱ³ are each independently preferably a group (b) or a group (c) which is a divalent cyclic group exhibiting aromaticity.

More specifically, A ⁱ¹ , A ⁱ² and A ⁱ³ are each independently preferably any one of (b1) to (b13), (c1), (c4) to (c9), and preferably (b1), (B3), (b4), (b6), (b7), (b10), (b12), (b13), (c1), (c5), (c7) and (c9), preferably Is any one of (b1), (b6), (b7), (b10), (b12) and (b13), preferably (b1), (b3), (b4), (b6), (b7) ), (b10), (b12), and (b13), particularly preferably any one of (b1), (b10), and (b12).

A ⁱ¹ is located on the end of the molecular structure (A ⁱ¹ R ⁱ¹ and bonded), also preferably (a1), (a3), (a4), (c2), (c3) or (C10), also Laid Preferably (c2) or (c10).

A ⁱ¹ , A ⁱ² and A ⁱ³ preferably have 1 to 5 fluorine atoms in total, and preferably have 1 to 4 fluorine atoms.

A ⁱ¹ , A ⁱ² and A ⁱ³ preferably have 0 to 3 halogen atoms (excluding fluorine atoms) in total, and preferably have 0 to 2 halogen atoms.

A ⁱ¹ , A ⁱ² and A ⁱ³ preferably have 1 to 5 halogen atoms (fluorine atoms) in total, and more preferably have 1 to 4 halogen atoms.

The compound represented by the general formula (i-1) of the present invention has ^{a cyano group bonded to A i3} , but in addition to the cyano group, the ring structures in one molecule, namely A ⁱ¹ , A ^i2, and A ⁱ³ may have a total of 1 to 3 cyano groups.

In addition, when ^{there are multiple A i1} , these may be the same or different.

m ⁱ¹ represents 1 or 2. If m ⁱ¹ is 1 or 2, the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) corresponds to a tricyclic to tetracyclic liquid crystal compound, has a _{high T NI} , and shows high compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds. Here, in the case where the solubility to the liquid crystal composition is important, ^{mi1 is} preferably 0, and in _{the case where Δn and T NI} are important, it is preferably 1.

From the viewpoint of further improving the compatibility of the liquid crystal composition, ^{mi1 is} preferably 1.

The compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (i-1-1).

[化10]

In the general formula (i-1-1), X ^i1-1 to X ^i9-1 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, but X ^i1-1 and X ^i2-1 do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom, and X ^{i3- 1} and X ^i4-1 do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom, and X ^i5-1 and X ^i6-1 do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom. In the general formula (i-1-1), the same as in the general formula R ^{i1 (i1)} R i1, preferred groups, preferred are also the same number, so description thereof is omitted here.

In X ^i1-1 to X ^i9-1 , X ^i1-1 and X ^i2-1 do not represent fluorine atoms at the same time, X ^i3-1 and X ^i4-1 do not represent fluorine atoms at the same time, X ^i5-1 and X ^i6-1 does not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom, and therefore the dielectric constant anisotropy (Δε) of the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (i-1-1) tends to show 0 or more, which is preferable for low Vth.

From the viewpoint of increasing the value of the positive dielectric constant anisotropy, it is preferable ^{that at least one of X i2-1} , X ^i4-1 , X ^i5-1 and X ^i6-1 represents a fluorine atom. In addition, if a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom is introduced into the side position of the ring structure, the compatibility is improved, which is preferable. By using the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-1), it is easy to ensure the storage stability at room temperature.

The ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by general formula (i-1-1), that is, three benzene rings, preferably has 1 to 5 fluorine atoms in total, and more preferably has 1 to 4 fluorine atoms.

In addition, as combinations of X ^i1-1 to X ^i9-1 , X ^i4-1 represents a fluorine atom, and X ^i1-1 to X ^i3-1 and X ^i5-1 to X ^i9-1 represent a combination of hydrogen atoms. .

The compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (i-1-2).

[化11]

In the general formula (i-1-2), X ^i1-2 to X ^i3-2 , X ^i5-2 to X ^i7-2, and X ^i9-2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, but X ^{i1-2 X i2-2} and X i2-2 do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom, and X ^i5-2 and X ^i6-2 do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom. In the general formula (i-1-2), the same as in the general formula R ^{i1 (i1)} R i1, preferred groups, preferred are also the same number, so description thereof is omitted here.

In X ^i1-2 ～X ^i3-2 , X ^i5-2 ～X ^i7-2 and X ^i9-2 , X ^i1-2 and X ^i2-2 do not simultaneously represent fluorine atoms, X ^i5-2 and X ^{i6 Since -2} does not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom, the dielectric constant anisotropy (Δε) of the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (i-1-2) tends to show 0 or more, which is preferable for low Vth.

From the viewpoint of increasing the value of the positive dielectric constant anisotropy, it is preferable ^{that at least one of X i2-1} , X ^i5-1 and X ^i6-1 represents a fluorine atom. In addition, if a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom is introduced into the side position of the ring structure, the compatibility is improved, which is preferable. By using the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-2), it is easy to ensure the storage stability at room temperature.

The ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-2), that is, one pyridine ring and two benzene rings, preferably have 1 to 5 fluorine atoms in total, more preferably 1 to 5 fluorine atoms in total. 4.

The compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (i-1-3).

[化12]

In the general formula (i-1-3), X ^i1-3 to X ^i9-3 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, but X ^i1-3 and X ^i2-3 do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom, and X ^{i3- 3} and X ^i4-3 do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom, and X ^i5-3 and X ^i6-3 do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom.

In the general formula (i-1-3), the same as in the general formula R ^{i1 (i1)} R i1, preferred groups, preferred are also the same number, so description thereof is omitted here.

In X ^i1-3 to X ^i9-3 , X ^i1-3 and X ^i2-3 do not represent fluorine atoms at the same time, X ^i3-3 and X ^i4-3 do not represent fluorine atoms at the same time, X ^i5-3 and X ^{Since i6-3} does not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom, the dielectric constant anisotropy (Δε) of the liquid crystal compound represented by the general formula (i-1-3) tends to show 0 or more, which is preferable for low Vth.

From the viewpoint of increasing the value of the positive dielectric constant anisotropy, it is preferably at least X ^i2-3 , X ^i4-3 , X ^i6-3 , X ^i7-3 , X ^i8-3 and X ^i9-3 One or more represents a fluorine atom. In addition, if a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom is introduced into the side position of the ring structure, the compatibility is improved, which is preferable. By using the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-3), it is easy to ensure the storage stability at room temperature.

The ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-3), that is, one naphthalene ring and two benzene rings, preferably have 1 to 5 fluorine atoms in total, more preferably 1 to 5 fluorine atoms. 4.

The compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (i-1-4).

[化13]

In the general formula (i-1-4), X ^i2-4 to X ^i9-4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, but X ^i3-4 and X ^i4-4 do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom, and X ^{i5- 4} and X ^i6-4 do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom.

In the general formula (i-1-4), the same as in the general formula R ^{i1 (i1)} R i1, preferred groups, preferred are also the same number, so description thereof is omitted here.

In X ^i2-4 to X ^i9-4 , X ^i3-4 and X ^i4-4 do not simultaneously represent fluorine atoms, and X ^i5-4 and X ^i6-4 do not simultaneously represent fluorine atoms. Therefore, the general formula (i- 1-4) The dielectric constant anisotropy (Δε) of the liquid crystal compound represented is easy to show 0 or more, and it is preferable to lower the Vth.

From the viewpoint of increasing the value of the positive dielectric constant anisotropy, it is preferably at least X ^i2-4 , X ^i4-4 , X ^i6-4 , X ^i7-4 , X ^i8-4 and X ^i9-4 One or more represents a fluorine atom. In addition, if a halogen atom such as a fluorine atom is introduced into the side position of the ring structure, the compatibility is improved, which is preferable. By using the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-4), it is easy to ensure the storage stability at room temperature.

The ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-4), that is, one tetralin ring and two benzene rings, preferably have 1 to 5 fluorine atoms in total, more preferably 1 ~4.

As a specific structure of general formula (i-1-1), the compound represented by the following structural formula (i-1-1.1)-structural formula (i-1-1.6) is mentioned.

[化14]

As a specific structure of general formula (i-1-2), the compound represented by the following structural formula (i-1-2.1)-structural formula (i-1-2.4) is mentioned.

[化15]

General formula (i-1), general formula (i-1-1) ~ general formula (i-1-4), structural formula (i-1-1.1) ~ structural formula (i-1-1.6) or structural formula The compounds represented by (i-1-2.1) to structural formula (i-1-2.4) may be used alone, or two or more of them may be used in combination. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they are suitably used in combination in accordance with desired properties such as dielectric anisotropy, solubility at room temperature, transition temperature, and birefringence.

Used general formula (i-1), general formula (i-1-1) ~ general formula (i-1-4), structural formula (i-1-1.1) ~ structural formula (i-1-1.6) Or the types of compounds represented by structural formula (i-1-2.1) to structural formula (i-1-2.4) are one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine More than ten kinds.

General formula (i-1), general formula (i-1-1) ~ general formula (i-1-4), structural formula (i-1-1.1) ~ structural formula (i-1-1.6) or structural formula The lower limit of the total content of the compound represented by (i-1-2.1) to structural formula (i-1-2.4) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 1% by mass, more preferably 2% by mass, Preferably it is 5% by mass, more preferably 8% by mass, more preferably 10% by mass, more preferably 13% by mass, more preferably 15% by mass, more preferably 18% by mass, more preferably 20% by mass, more Preferably it is 22% by mass, more preferably 25% by mass, more preferably 30% by mass, preferably 40% by mass, more preferably 50% by mass, more preferably 55% by mass, more preferably 60% by mass, more preferably It is 65% by mass, preferably 70% by mass.

If the content is too large, it will cause problems such as precipitation, so general formula (i-1), general formula (i-1-1) ~ general formula (i-1-4), structural formula (i-1-1.1) ~ structure The upper limit of the total content of the compound represented by formula (i-1-1.6) or structural formula (i-1-2.1) to structural formula (i-1-2.4) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 85% by mass, preferably 80% by mass, preferably 75% by mass, preferably 70% by mass, preferably 65% by mass, preferably 55% by mass, preferably 45% by mass, preferably 35 Mass%, preferably 30% by mass, preferably 28% by mass, preferably 25% by mass, preferably 23% by mass, preferably 20% by mass, preferably 18% by mass, preferably 15% by mass %.

General formula (i-1), general formula (i-1-1) ~ general formula (i-1-4), structural formula (i-1-1.1) ~ structural formula (i-1-1.6) or structural formula (I-1-2.1) ~ The total content of the compound represented by the structural formula (i-1-2.4) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 5 mass% to 55% by mass, more preferably 10 mass% to 50% by mass.

In addition, the total content of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-1) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 5% by mass to 55% by mass, more preferably 10% by mass to 50% by mass.

General formula (i-1), general formula (i-1-1) ~ general formula (i-1-4), structural formula (i-1-1.1) ~ structural formula (i-1-1.6) or structural formula The compound represented by (i-1-2.1) to structural formula (i-1-2.4) can be produced by a known method.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formula (i-2-1a), general formula (i-2-1b), and general formula (i-2-1c).

[化16]

In the general formulas (i-2-1a) to (i-2-1c), R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ each independently represent an alkynyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms. One or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -can be substituted with -O- or -S-, and one or more hydrogen atoms in ^{R 11} , R ¹² and R ^{13 can be substituted independently.} It is a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom.

The alkynyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkynyl group, and a linear alkynyl group is preferred.

The alkynyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms preferably has 2 to 8 carbon atoms.

Specific examples of the alkynyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms include groups represented by formulas (R11) to (R15) (black dots in each formula represent carbon atoms in the ring structure).

[化17]

M ¹¹ , M ¹² , M ¹³ , M ¹⁴ , M ¹⁵ and M ¹⁶ each independently represent a group selected from the following groups (a), group (b), and group (c): (a) 1,4- extension ring Hexyl (one -CH ₂ -existing in the group or two or more -CH ₂ -not adjacent to each other can be substituted with -O- or -S-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (the group One -CH= or two or more -CH= that are not adjacent to each other can be substituted with -N=), 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 3,5-difluoro-1,4 -Phenylene and (c) 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octylene, piperidine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl , 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group consisting of a group, the group (a), group (b One or two or more hydrogen atoms in the group (c) and group (c) may be independently substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group or a trifluoromethoxy group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Examples of the halogen atom include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and a fluorine atom.

L ¹¹ , L ¹² , L ¹³ , L ¹⁴ , L ¹⁵ and L ¹⁶ each independently represent a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -(CH ₂ ) ₄ -, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O- or -C≡C-, p, q, and r each independently represent 0, 1, or 2.

When ^{there are a plurality of M 12} , M ¹⁴ , M ¹⁶ , L ¹¹ , L ¹³ and/or L ¹⁵ respectively, these may be the same or different, X ¹¹ , X ¹² , X ¹³ , X ¹⁴ , X ¹⁵ , X ¹⁶ and X ¹⁷ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom.

The compound represented by the general formula (i-2-1a) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (i-2-1a-1). By using the compound represented by the general formula (i-2-1a-1), it is possible to achieve high Δn, while having a wide temperature range of liquid crystal phase, low viscosity, good solubility at low temperatures, specific resistance or voltage retention It is a composition with high efficiency and stable to heat or light.

[化18]

In the general formula (i-2-1a-1), X ¹⁸ to X ²⁰ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom, but X ¹⁸ and X ²⁰ do not simultaneously represent a fluorine atom.

In addition, it is preferable ^{that at least one of X 11} , X ¹² and/or X ¹⁸ is a fluorine atom, and X ¹⁹ and X ²⁰ are hydrogen atoms.

In the general formula (i-2-1a-1), R ¹ , X ¹¹ and X ^{12 are the same as R 11} , X ¹¹ and X ^{12 in} the general formula (i-2-1a), so the description here is omitted illustrate.

In addition, examples of combinations of ^{X 11} to X ¹² and X ¹⁸ to X ^{20 include: X 18} represents a fluorine atom, X ¹¹ to X ¹² , and X ¹⁹ to X ²⁰ represent a combination of hydrogen atoms; X ¹¹ to X ¹² , X ¹⁸ to X ²⁰ represent a combination of hydrogen atoms.

As a specific structure of general formula (i-2-1a-1), the compound represented by the following structural formula (i-2-1a-1.1)-structural formula (i-2-1a-1.12) is mentioned.

[化19]

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one or two or more of general formula (i-2-1a) to general formula (i-2-1c), general formula (i-2-1a-1) or structure The compounds represented by formula (i-2-1a-1.1) to structural formula (i-2-1a-1.12) preferably contain two to eight types.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the general formula (i-2-1a) to the general formula (i-2-1c), the general formula (i-2-1a-1) or the structural formula (i-2-1a- 1.1) ~ The lower limit of the total content of the compound represented by the structural formula (i-2-1a-1.12) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 1% by mass, more preferably 2% by mass, more preferably 3 mass%, preferably 5 mass%, preferably 7 mass%, preferably 8 mass%, preferably 9 mass%, preferably 10 mass%, preferably 12 mass%, preferably 13 Mass%, preferably 15 mass%, preferably 17 mass%, preferably 18 mass%, preferably 20 mass%, preferably 25 mass%, preferably 30 mass%, preferably 35 mass% %, preferably 40% by mass.

In addition, in the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the general formula (i-2-1a) to the general formula (i-2-1c), the general formula (i-2-1a-1) or the structural formula (i-2- 1a-1.1) ~ The upper limit of the total content of the compound represented by the structural formula (i-2-1a-1.12) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 60% by mass, more preferably 50% by mass, and Preferably it is 40% by mass, more preferably 35% by mass, more preferably 30% by mass, more preferably 25% by mass, more preferably 20% by mass, more preferably 18% by mass, more preferably 15% by mass, more preferably It is 13% by mass, preferably 10% by mass, preferably 5% by mass, and preferably 3% by mass.

General formula (i-2-1a) ~ general formula (i-2-1c), general formula (i-2-1a-1) or structural formula (i-2-1a-1.1) ~ structural formula (i-2 The total content of the compound represented by -1a-1.12) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is specifically preferably 20% by mass to 55% by mass, and more preferably 25% by mass to 50% by mass.

In addition, the total content of the compound represented by the general formula (i-2-1a-1) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 20% by mass to 55% by mass, more preferably 25% by mass to 50% by mass.

General formula (i-2-1a) ~ general formula (i-2-1c), general formula (i-2-1a-1) or structural formula (i-2-1a-1.1) ~ structural formula (i-2 The compound represented by -1a-1.12) can be produced by a known method.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains one or two or more of the compounds represented by the following general formula (ii).

[化20]

The compound represented by the general formula (ii) has high T _NI and high Δn. It has excellent compatibility with the compounds represented by the general formula (i-1), the general formula (i-2-1a), the general formula (i-2-1b) and the general formula (i-2-1c), By combining compounds represented by general formula (i-1), general formula (i-2-1a), general formula (i-2-1b) and general formula (i-2-1c) with general formula (ii) The compound shown can provide a _{liquid crystal composition having high T NI} , high Δn, and low Vth.

In the general formula (ii), R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² each independently represent a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and 2 Any one of the alkenyl group of to 8 and the alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, one of the groups or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -groups may be independently set by -CH=CH-, -C ≡C-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution, in addition, ^{one or two or more hydrogen atoms present in R ii1} and R ⁱⁱ² can be independently substituted with fluorine atoms, but R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² do not simultaneously represent a substituent selected from a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, and a cyano group.

The alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkyl group, and preferably a linear alkyl group.

The alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms has 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 5, and more preferably 2 to 5.

Specific examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, and isodecyl. , Dodecyl and 2-ethylhexyl, etc.

The alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkoxy group, and a linear alkoxy group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably 1 to 5.

Specific examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include, for example, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentoxy group, and a hexyloxy group.

The alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkenyl group, and a linear alkenyl group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably from 2 to 5, and more preferably from 2 to 3.

Specific examples of alkenyl groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms include groups represented by formulas (R1) to (R5) (black dots in each formula represent carbon atoms in the ring structure).

[化21]

The alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkenyloxy group, and a linear alkenyloxy group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably 2 to 5.

Specific examples of alkenyloxy groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms include groups represented by formulas (R6) to (R10) (in each formula, black dots indicate carbon atoms in the ring structure).

[化22]

In the case where the reliability of the entire liquid crystal composition is important, R ^{ii1 is} preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and when the reduction in the viscosity of the entire liquid crystal composition is important, R ^{ii1 is} preferably the number of carbon atoms 2-8 alkenyl.

In addition, when ^{the ring structure to which R ii1} is bonded is a phenyl group (aromatic), it is preferably a linear alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Alkoxy and alkenyl having 4 to 5 carbon atoms, when ^{the ring structure bonded to R ii1} is a saturated ring structure such as cyclohexane, pyran, and dioxane, it is preferably linear A C1-C5 alkyl group, a linear C1-C4 alkoxy group, and a linear C2-C5 alkenyl group.

In addition, as R ⁱⁱ¹ , in order to stabilize the nematic phase, the total of carbon atoms and oxygen atoms when present is preferably 5 or less, and is preferably linear.

When the compound represented by the general formula (ii) is a so-called p-type compound in which Δε is positive, R ^{ii2 is} preferably a fluorine atom, a cyano group, a trifluoromethyl group or a trifluoromethoxy group, and is preferably a fluorine atom. Atom or cyano.

Compounds of the general formula (ii) is represented by the case where Δε is almost non-polar compounds (non-polar compound) of a so-called 0, R ⁱⁱ² represents the same meaning as R ^ii1, R ⁱⁱ² and may be identical or R ⁱⁱ¹ different.

In the general formula (ii), Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² and Z ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent a single bond, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO- , -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ -or -C≡C-.

Here, Z ⁱⁱ¹ to Z ^{ii3 are} preferably single bonds.

In the general formula (ii), A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁵ and A ⁱⁱ⁶ each independently represent a group (a), a group (b), and a group (c) selected from: (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene (one -CH ₂ -existing in this group or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -can be substituted with -O-) (b) 1,4-phenylene (this group One -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= can be substituted with -N=) (c) naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2, 3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3, In 4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group, one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= groups can be substituted with -N=). The group ( a) One or two or more hydrogen atoms in the group (b) and the group (c) may be independently substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Examples of the halogen atom include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and a fluorine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferred.

In the case where an increase in Δn is required, A ⁱⁱ¹ to A ⁱⁱ⁶ are each independently preferably a divalent cyclic group showing aromaticity, that is, group (b) or group (c). In order to improve the response speed, it is preferably The aliphatic divalent cyclic group (a), each independently preferably represents any one of the following structures:

[化23]

(R represents an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms), Preferably, it is any one of 1,4-phenylene, naphthalene-2,6-diyl and tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, these 1,4-phenylene, naphthalene-2,6 One or two or more hydrogen atoms in the -diyl group and tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group may be independently substituted with a fluorine atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

From the viewpoint of increasing Δn, it is particularly ^preferable that A ii2 represents a group selected from the following groups (d) to (f):

[化24]

(X ^iid1 , X ^iid2 , X ^iie1 , X ^iie2 , X ^iif1 and X ^iif2 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom) A group in the group consisting of. In addition, from the viewpoint of compatibility with other liquid crystal compounds, it is preferable to represent the group (f).

In addition, in order to improve compatibility with other liquid crystal compositions, it is preferable ^{that at least one of A ii1} to A ⁱⁱ⁶ represents 1,4-phenylene substituted with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably represents 1,4-phenylene substituted by ethylidene.

In the general formula (ii), m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent 0 or 1, and m ⁱⁱ¹ +m ⁱⁱ² +m ⁱⁱ³ represent 0 or 1.

Here, when the solubility to the liquid crystal composition is important, m ^{ii1 is} preferably 0, and when Δn and T _NI are important, it is preferably 1.

In addition, m ⁱⁱ¹ +m ⁱⁱ² +m ^{ii3 is} preferably zero.

The ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (ii) of the present invention, that is, A ⁱⁱ¹ to A ⁱⁱ⁶ preferably has 1 to 5 fluorine atoms in total, and more preferably has 1 to 4 fluorine atoms.

The ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (ii) of the present invention, that is, A ⁱⁱ¹ to A ⁱⁱ⁶ preferably has 0 to 3 halogen atoms (excluding fluorine atoms) in total, and more preferably has 0 to 2 pcs.

The ring structure in one molecule of the compound represented by the general formula (ii) of the present invention, that is, A ⁱⁱ¹ to A ⁱⁱ⁶ preferably has a total of 1 to 5 halogen atoms (fluorine-containing atoms), more preferably 1 to 4.

The compound represented by the general formula (ii) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (ii-1).

[化25]

(In the general formula (ii-1), R ⁱⁱ¹ , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ respectively represent and ^{R ii1} , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ^{ii3 in} the general formula (ii) have the same meaning, and A ^{ii3 -1} and A ^ii5-1 each independently represent 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in this group can be substituted with -N=), in this group One or two or more hydrogen atoms of may be independently substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

In the general formula (ii-1), R ⁱⁱ¹ , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ are respectively the same as those described above ^{R ii1} , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ in the general formula (ii) are the same. The preferred number is also the same, so the description here is omitted.

The compound represented by the general formula (ii) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (ii-2).

[化26]

(In the general formula (ii-2), R ⁱⁱ¹ , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ respectively represent and ^{R ii1} , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ^{ii3 in} the general formula (ii) have the same meaning.

A ^ii3-2 represents 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted with -N=), one or two of the groups The above hydrogen atoms may be independently substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

A ^ii5-2 represents naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6- Diyl (naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl exist one -CH= or not adjacent Two or more -CH= may be substituted with -N=), and one or two or more hydrogen atoms in the group may be independently substituted by a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

In the general formula (ii-2), R ⁱⁱ¹ , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ^{ii3 are the} same as those described above. In formula (ii), R ⁱⁱ¹ , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ^{ii3 are the} same, the preferred bases are more preferred The number of is also the same, so the description here is omitted.

The compound represented by the general formula (ii) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (ii-3).

[化27]

In the general formula (ii-3), R ⁱⁱ¹ , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ respectively represent the same In formula (ii), R ⁱⁱ¹ , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ^{ii3 have the} same meaning.

A ^ii3-3 represents naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6- Diyl (naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl exist one -CH= or not adjacent Two or more -CH= may be substituted with -N=), and one or two or more hydrogen atoms in the group may be independently substituted by a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

A ^ii5-3 represents 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted with -N=), one or two of the groups The above hydrogen atoms may be independently substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

In the general formula (ii-3), R ⁱⁱ¹ , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ and the general formula ( ii) R ⁱⁱ¹ , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ^{ii3 are the} same, the preferred base, the preferred one The numbers are also the same, so the description here is omitted.

As a specific structure of the general formula (ii-1) of the present invention, from the viewpoint of further improving the compatibility of the liquid crystal composition, the following general formula (ii-1-1) to general formula (ii- 1-22) The represented tricyclic or tetracyclic compound.

[化28]

[化29]

[化30]

[化31]

[化32]

In the general formulas (ii-1-1) to (ii-1-22), A ^ii2-1 each independently represents the following structural formula.

[化33]

In the general formulas (ii-1-1) to (ii-1-22), m ^ii1-1 , m ^ii2-1 and m ^ii3-1 each independently represent 0 or 1, and m ^ii1-1 + m ^ii2-1 +m ^ii3-1 represents 0 or 1.

In the general formulas (ii-1-1) to (ii-1-22), Z ^ii1-1 , Z ^ii2-1 and Z ^ii3-1 each independently represent a single bond, -COO-, -CF =CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -or -C≡C-.

In the general formulas (ii-1-1) to (ii-1-22), A ^ii1-1 , A ^ii4-1 and A ^ii6-1 each independently represent 1,4-phenylene (the One -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted with -N=), and one or two or more hydrogen atoms in the group can be independently halogen atom, cyano group or Substitution with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

In the general formula (ii-1-1) ~ In the general formula ^{(ii-1-22), R ii1} , R ⁱⁱ² in the above general formula (ii) R ^ii1, the same as R ^ii2, preferred groups, The preferred number is also the same, so the description here is omitted.

As a specific structure of the general formula (ii-2) of the present invention, compounds represented by the following general formulas (ii-2-1) to (ii-2-3) are preferred.

[化34]

In the general formulas (ii-2-1) to (ii-2-3), A ^ii2-2 each independently represents the following structural formula.

[化35]

In the general formulas (ii-2-1) to (ii-2-3), m ^ii1-2 , m ^ii2-2 and m ^ii3-2 each independently represent 0 or 1, and m ^ii1-2 + m ^ii2-2 +m ^ii3-2 represents 0 or 1.

In the general formulas (ii-2-1) to (ii-2-3), Z ^ii1-2 , Z ^ii2-2, and Z ^ii3-2 each independently represent a single bond, -COO-, -CF =CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -or -C≡C-.

In the general formulas (ii-2-1) to (ii-2-3), A ^ii1-2 , A ^ii4-1, and A ^ii6-2 each independently represent 1,4-phenylene (the One -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted with -N=), and one or two or more hydrogen atoms in the group can be independently halogen atom, cyano group or Substitution with an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

In the general formula (ii-2-1) ~ In the general formula ^{(ii-2-3), R ii1} , R ⁱⁱ² in the above general formula (ii) R ^ii1, the same as R ^ii2, preferred groups, The preferred number is also the same, so the description here is omitted.

As a specific structure of the general formula (ii-3) of the present invention, a compound represented by the following general formula (ii-3-1) is preferred.

[化36]

In the general formula (ii-3-1), A ^ii2-3 each independently represents the following structural formula.

[化37]

In the general formula (ii-3-1), m ^ii1-3 , m ^ii2-3 and m ^ii3-3 independently represent 0 or 1, respectively, and m ^ii1-3 +m ^ii2-3 +m ^ii3-3 represent 0 or 1.

In the general formula (ii-3-1), Z ^ii1-3 , Z ^ii2-3 and Z ^ii3-3 each independently represent a single bond, -COO-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -or -C≡C-.

In the general formula (ii-3-1), A ^ii1-3 , A ^ii4-3 and A ^ii6-2 each independently represent 1,4-phenylene (the presence of one -CH= or not Two or more adjacent -CH= can be substituted with -N=), one or more of the hydrogen atoms in this group can be independently substituted by halogen atoms, cyano groups or alkyl groups with 1 to 6 carbon atoms .

In the general formula ^{(ii-3-1), R ii1} , R ⁱⁱ² in the above general formula (ii) R ^ii1, the same as R ^ii2, preferred groups are also the same number of preferred, omitted Instructions here.

As a specific structure of general formula (ii-1-1)-general formula (ii-1-22), the compound represented by the following structural formula (ii-1.1)-structural formula (ii-1.98) is mentioned.

[化38]

[化39]

[化40]

[化41]

In the formula, X each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[化42]

In the formula, X each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

[化43]

Among the compounds represented by the structural formulas (ii-1.1) to (ii-1.98), preferably (ii-1.2) to (ii-1.8), (ii-1.12) to (ii-1.18), (Ii-1.22)～(ii-1.28), (ii-1.32)～(ii-1.38), (ii-1.42)～(ii-1.44), (ii-1.46)～(ii.48), (ii -1.50)～(ii-1.52), (ii-1.54)～(ii-1.56), (ii-1.58)～(ii-1.60), (ii-1.62)～(ii-1.64), (ii-1.66 )～(ii-1.68), (ii-1.70)～(ii-1.72), (ii-1.74)～(ii-1.76), (ii-1.78)～(ii-1.80), (ii-1.82)～ (Ii-1.84) and (ii-1.86) ~ (ii-1.88), (ii-1.90) ~ (ii-1.98).

General formula (ii), general formula (ii-1) to general formula (ii-3), general formula (ii-1-1) to general formula (ii-1-22), general formula (ii-2-1) )~The compounds represented by general formula (ii-2-3), general formula (ii-3-1) or structural formula (ii-1.1)~structural formula (ii-1.98) can be used alone or in combination Two or more. The types of compounds that can be combined are not particularly limited, and they are suitably used in combination in accordance with desired properties such as dielectric anisotropy, solubility at room temperature, transition temperature, and birefringence.

For example, as an embodiment of the present invention, general formula (ii), general formula (ii-1) to general formula (ii-3), general formula (ii-1-1) to general formula (ii-1) used -22), general formula (ii-2-1) ~ general formula (ii-2-3), general formula (ii-3-1) or structural formula (ii-1.1) ~ structural formula (ii-1.98) The types of compounds shown are one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten or more.

With respect to the total amount of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, general formula (ii), general formula (ii-1) to general formula (ii-3), general formula (ii-1-1) to general formula (ii-1) -22), general formula (ii-2-1) ~ general formula (ii-2-3), general formula (ii-3-1) or structural formula (ii-1.1) ~ structural formula (ii-1.98) The lower limit of the total content of the compound represented in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 1% by mass, more preferably 2% by mass, more preferably 5% by mass, preferably 8% by mass, and preferably 10 % By mass, preferably 13% by mass, preferably 15% by mass, preferably 18% by mass, preferably 20% by mass, preferably 22% by mass, preferably 25% by mass, preferably 30% by mass %, preferably 40% by mass, preferably 50% by mass, preferably 55% by mass, preferably 60% by mass, preferably 65% by mass, and preferably 70% by mass.

If the content is large, problems such as precipitation will occur. Therefore, the general formula (ii), general formula (ii-1) to general formula (ii-3), and general formula (ii- 1-1) ~ general formula (ii-1-22), general formula (ii-2-1) ~ general formula (ii-2-3), general formula (ii-3-1) or structural formula (ii- 1.1) The upper limit of the total content of the compound represented by the structural formula (ii-1.98) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 70% by mass, more preferably 65% by mass, more preferably 55% by mass, Preferably it is 45% by mass, more preferably 35% by mass, more preferably 30% by mass, preferably 28% by mass, preferably 25% by mass, preferably 23% by mass, preferably 20% by mass, more It is preferably 18% by mass, and more preferably 15% by mass.

General formula (ii), general formula (ii-1) to general formula (ii-3), general formula (ii-1-1) to general formula (ii-1-22), general formula (ii-2-1) ) ~ General formula (ii-2-3), general formula (ii-3-1) or structural formula (ii-1.1) ~ structural formula (ii-1.98) in 100% by mass of the compound represented by the liquid crystal composition Specifically, the total content is preferably 5% by mass to 45% by mass, and more preferably 10% by mass to 40% by mass.

In addition, the total content of the compound represented by the general formula (ii-1) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 5% to 45% by mass, more preferably 10% to 50% by mass.

General formula (ii), general formula (ii-1) to general formula (ii-3), general formula (ii-1-1) to general formula (ii-1-22), general formula (ii-2-1) The compound represented by the general formula (ii-2-3), the general formula (ii-3-1), or the structural formula (ii-1.1) to the structural formula (ii-1.98) can be produced by a known method.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention contains one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formulas (2a) to (2c).

[化44]

In the general formulas (2a) to (2c), R ^2a and R ^2b each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and a carbon number of 2 to Any of the alkenyl group of 8, the alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and the cyano group, one of the groups or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -groups may independently be -O-, -CH =CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CF=CF- or -C≡C- substitution, in addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in the group can be independently fluorine Atom, trifluoromethoxy, and C1-C6 alkyl group are substituted.

The alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkyl group, and preferably a linear alkyl group.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is preferably 1-8, preferably 1-5, and more preferably 2-5.

Specific examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, and isodecyl. , Dodecyl and 2-ethylhexyl, etc.

The alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkoxy group, and a linear alkoxy group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably 1 to 5.

Specific examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include, for example, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentoxy group, and a hexyloxy group.

The alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkenyl group, and a linear alkenyl group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably from 2 to 5, and more preferably from 2 to 3.

Specific examples of alkenyl groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms include groups represented by formulas (R1) to (R5) (black dots in each formula represent carbon atoms in the ring structure).

[化45]

The alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkenyloxy group, and a linear alkenyloxy group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is 2-8, preferably 2-5.

Specific examples of alkenyloxy groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms include groups represented by formulas (R6) to (R10) (in each formula, black dots indicate carbon atoms in the ring structure).

[化46]

In the general formulas (2a) to (2c), ring A, ring B, ring C, and ring D each independently represent a group selected from the group (a), group (b), group (c) and group (D): (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene (one -CH ₂ -or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the group can be substituted with -O-), (b) 1, 4-Phenylene (one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted with -N=) and (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2, 3,4-Tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6 -One -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= present in the diyl group can be substituted with -N=), (d) 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,3-dioxane- The group consisting of trans-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl or pyridine-2,5-diyl, said group (a), group (b), group ( One or two or more hydrogen atoms in c) and group (d) may be independently substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.

Examples of the halogen atom include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and a fluorine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferred.

In the general formulas (2a) to (2c), L ^2a , L ^2b and L ^2c each independently represent a single bond, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH(CH ₃ )CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ CH(CH ₃ )-, -CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -CH=CH-, -CH=CF-,- CF=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C- or -CH=NN=CH-.

Among them, the general formula (i-1), general formula (i-2-1a), general formula (i-2-1b) and general formula (I-2-1c) Except for the compounds shown.

The compound represented by the general formula (2a) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (2a-1.1) to (2a-1.8).

[化47]

Of (2a-1.8) of the general formula (2a-1.1) ~ Formula, the R ^2a and R ^2b in the general formula (. 2A) the same as R ^2a and R ^2b, preferred groups, the preferred number is also The same, so the description here is omitted.

The compound represented by the general formula (2b) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (2b-1.1) to (2b-1.15).

[化48]

[化49]

In (2b-1.15) of the general formula (2b-1.1) ~ formula, R ^2a and R ^2b in the formula (2b) R ^2a and R ^2b same preferred groups, the preferred number is also The same, so the description here is omitted.

The compound represented by the general formula (2c) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formula (2c-1.1) to (2c-1.7).

[化50]

In the general formula (2c-1) ~ formula (2c-6), the R ^2a and R ^2b in the general formula (. 2A) the same as R ^2a and R ^2b, preferred groups, the preferred number is also The same, so the description here is omitted.

As specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (2a), for example, the following general formula (2a-2.1) to general formula (2a-2.9) and general formula (2a-3.1) to general formula (2a-3.8) can be cited The compound represented.

[化51]

[化52]

In general formula (2a-2.1) to general formula (2a-2.9) and general formula (2a-3.1) to general formula (2a-3.8), R ^2a and R ^{2b are the same as R 2a} in the general formula (2a) It is the ^{same as R 2b} , and the preferred base and the preferred number are also the same, so the description here is omitted.

As specific examples of the compound represented by the general formula (2b), for example, the following general formula (2b-2.1) to general formula (2b-2.11) and general formula (2b-3.1) to general formula (2b-3.9) can be cited The compound represented.

[化53]

[化54]

[化55]

In general formula (2b-2.1) to general formula (2a-2.11) and general formula (2b-3.1) to general formula (2b-3.13), R ^2a and R ^{2b are the same as R 2a} in general formula (2a) It is the ^{same as R 2b} , and the preferred base and the preferred number are also the same, so the description here is omitted.

As a specific example of the compound represented by general formula (2c), the compound represented by the following general formula (2c-2.1) and general formula (2c-3.1) is mentioned, for example.

[化56]

In the general formula (2c-2.1) and the general formula (2c-3.1), the R ^2a and R ^2b in the general formula (. 2A) the same as R ^2a and R ^2b, preferred groups, the preferred number is also The same, so the description here is omitted.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably contains at least one selected from general formula (2a) to general formula (2c), general formula (2a-1.1) to general formula (2a-1.8), general formula (2b-1.1) to General formula (2b-1.15), general formula (2c-1.1) ~ general formula (2c-1.7), general formula (2a-2.1) ~ general formula (2a-2.9), general formula (2a-3.1) ~ general formula (2a-3.8), general formula (2b-2.1) to general formula (2b-2.11), general formula (2b-3.1) to general formula (2b-3.13), general formula (2c-2.1) or general formula (2c) The compound in the group consisting of -3.1) preferably contains two to eight kinds of compounds.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, general formula (2a) to general formula (2c), general formula (2a-1.1) to general formula (2a-1.8), general formula (2b-1.1) to general formula (2b- 1.15), general formula (2c-1.1) ~ general formula (2c-1.7), general formula (2a-2.1) ~ general formula (2a-2.9), general formula (2a-3.1) ~ general formula (2a-3.8) , General formula (2b-2.1) ~ general formula (2b-2.11), general formula (2b-3.1) ~ general formula (2b-3.13), general formula (2c-2.1) or general formula (2c-3.1) represented The lower limit of the total content of the compound in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 0% by mass, preferably 0.5% by mass, preferably 1% by mass, preferably 1.5% by mass, and preferably 2% by mass %, preferably 2.5% by mass, preferably 3% by mass, more preferably 5% by mass.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, general formula (2a) to general formula (2c), general formula (2a-1.1) to general formula (2a-1.8), general formula (2b-1.1) to general formula (2b- 1.15), general formula (2c-1.1) ~ general formula (2c-1.7), and/or more specifically general formula (2a-2.1) ~ general formula (2a-2.9), general formula (2a-3.1) ~ General formula (2a-3.8), general formula (2b-2.1) ~ general formula (2b-2.11), general formula (2b-3.1) ~ general formula (2b-3.13), general formula (2c-2.1), general formula The upper limit of the total content of the compound represented by (2c-3.1) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 50% by mass, more preferably 45% by mass, more preferably 38% by mass, more preferably 35% by mass %, preferably 25% by mass, preferably 15% by mass, preferably 10% by mass, preferably 8% by mass, and preferably 5% by mass.

General formula (2a) to general formula (2c), specifically general formula (2a-1.1) to general formula (2a-1.8), general formula (2b-1.1) to general formula (2b-1.15), general formula ( 2c-1.1) ~ general formula (2c-1.7), and/or more specifically general formula (2a-2.1) ~ general formula (2a-2.9), general formula (2a-3.1) ~ general formula (2a-3.8 ), general formula (2b-2.1) ~ general formula (2b-2.11), general formula (2b-3.1) ~ general formula (2b-3.13), general formula (2c-2.1), general formula (2c-3.1) Specifically, the total content of the represented compound in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 5 mass% to 30 mass%, and more preferably 5 mass% to 20 mass%.

General formula (2a) to general formula (2c), general formula (2a-1.1) to general formula (2a-1.8), general formula (2b-1.1) to general formula (2b-1.15), general formula (2c-1.1) ) ~ General formula (2c-1.7), general formula (2a-2.1) ~ general formula (2a-2.9), general formula (2a-3.1) ~ general formula (2a-3.8), general formula (2b-2.1) ~ The compounds represented by general formula (2b-2.11), general formula (2b-3.1) to general formula (2b-3.13), general formula (2c-2.1) or general formula (2c-3.1) can be carried out by a known method manufacture.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, when the solubility to the liquid crystal composition is important, at least one compound represented by the general formula (2a) is preferably contained, and when Δn and T _NI are important, it is preferable It contains at least one compound represented by general formula (2b) or general formula (2c).

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention preferably further contains at least one compound represented by general formula (iii).

[化57]

In the general formula (iii), R ⁱⁱⁱ¹ represents any of an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and a halogenated alkyl group , One or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the alkyl group, or one or more than two non-adjacent secondary carbon atoms in the halogenated alkyl group can also pass through -O-, -CH=CH -, or -C≡C- substitution.

The alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkyl group, and preferably a linear alkyl group.

The alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms has 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 8, preferably 1 to 5, and more preferably 2 to 5.

Specific examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include, for example, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, and isodecyl. , Dodecyl and 2-ethylhexyl, etc.

The alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkoxy group, and a linear alkoxy group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably 1 to 5.

Specific examples of the alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms include, for example, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentoxy group, and a hexyloxy group.

The alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is a linear or branched alkenyl group, and a linear alkenyl group is preferred.

The number of carbon atoms of the alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms is preferably from 2 to 5, and more preferably from 2 to 3.

Specific examples of alkenyl groups having 2 to 8 carbon atoms include groups represented by formulas (R1) to (R5) (black dots in each formula represent carbon atoms in the ring structure).

[化58]

In the general formula (iii), m ⁱⁱⁱ¹ represents an integer of 0, 1, or 2.

In the general formula (iii), A ⁱⁱⁱ¹ to A ⁱⁱⁱ³ each independently represent a group selected from the following groups (a) to (c): (a) 1,4-cyclohexylene (one of the groups- CH ₂ -or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -can be substituted with -O- or -S-), (b) 1,4-phenylene (one -CH= or non-adjacent Two or more of -CH= can be substituted with -N=), (c) naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene -2,6-diyl (naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl with one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= can be substituted with -N=) in the group consisting of one or more hydrogen atoms in the group (a), group (b) and group (c) are independently replaceable It is a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or a halogenated alkyl group.

Examples of the halogen atom include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and a fluorine atom.

^When there are multiple A ⁱⁱⁱ¹ , A iii1 may be the same or different.

Z ⁱⁱⁱ¹ and Z ⁱⁱⁱ² each independently represent a single bond, -C≡C-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF- or -C(R ^iiia )=NN=C(R ^iiib )-, R ^iiia and R ^iiib each independently represents a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, or a linear or branched alkyl group or halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms.

Regarding Z ⁱⁱⁱ¹ and Z ⁱⁱⁱ² , when m ⁱⁱⁱ¹ is 0, Z ⁱⁱⁱ² is preferably -C≡C-, and when m ⁱⁱⁱ¹ is 1 or 2, it is preferably at least one ^{of Z iii1} and Z ⁱⁱⁱ² It is -C≡C-. That is, in the general formula (iii), it is preferable that at least one ^{of Z iii2} and Z iii1 where 0 or more and 2 or less is ^{present represents -C≡C-.}

Examples of the halogen atom include a chlorine atom, a bromine atom, and a fluorine atom.

^When there are a plurality of Z ⁱⁱⁱ¹ , Z iii1 may be the same or different.

The compound represented by the general formula (iii) is preferably a compound represented by the following general formulas (iii-1) to (iii-6).

[化59]

In the general formulas (iii-1) to (iii-6), X ⁱⁱⁱ¹ to X ⁱⁱⁱ⁶ each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, or a chlorine atom.

Formula (iii1) ~ In the general formula ^(iii-6), R iii1 as in the general formula ⁽ⁱⁱⁱ⁾ R iii1 same preferred groups, preferred are also the same number, and therefore will be omitted here instruction of.

The lower limit of the total content of the compounds represented by general formula (iii) or general formula (iii-1) to general formula (iii-6) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 1.7% by mass, more preferably 2% by mass, preferably 4% by mass, preferably 4.3% by mass, preferably 5% by mass, preferably 5.7% by mass, and preferably 6% by mass.

If the total content is large, problems such as precipitation may occur. Therefore, the compound represented by general formula (iii) or general formula (iii-1) to general formula (iii-6) is higher than the total content in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition. The limit is preferably 23% by mass, more preferably 20% by mass, more preferably 18% by mass, more preferably 14% by mass, more preferably 13% by mass, preferably 10% by mass, more preferably 8% by mass , Preferably 5 mass%.

The total content of the compounds represented by general formula (iii) or general formula (iii-1) to general formula (iii-6) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is specifically preferably 2% by mass to 20% by mass, It is preferably 4% by mass to 15% by mass, and more preferably 6% by mass to 12% by mass.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compound represented by the general formula (i-1), the general formula (i-2-1a), the general formula (i-2-1b), and the general formula (i- The total amount of the compound represented by 2-1c) and the compound represented by the general formula (ii) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 50% by mass to 100% by mass, preferably 75% by mass to 100 quality%.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-1), the compound represented by the general formula (i-2-1a-1), and the general formula (ii- 1) The total amount of the represented compound in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 50% by mass to 100% by mass, more preferably 75% by mass to 100% by mass.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compound represented by the general formula (i-1), the general formula (i-2-1a), the general formula (i-2-1b), and the general formula (i- The total amount of the compound represented by 2-1c) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 50% to 95% by mass, and more preferably 55% to 90% by mass.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-1) and the compound represented by the general formula (i-2-1a-1) are in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition The total amount of is preferably 50% by mass to 95% by mass, more preferably 55% by mass to 90% by mass.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) and the compound represented by the general formula (ii) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 45 mass % To 70% by mass, preferably 50% to 65% by mass.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount of the compound represented by the general formula (i-1-1) and the compound represented by the general formula (ii-1) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is greater than It is preferably from 45% by mass to 70% by mass, and more preferably from 50% by mass to 65% by mass.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the compound represented by the general formula (i-2-1a), the general formula (i-2-1b), and the general formula (i-2-1c) and the general formula ( ii) The total amount of the represented compound in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 50% to 85% by mass, and more preferably 55% to 80% by mass.

In the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, the total amount of the compound represented by the general formula (i-2-1a) and the compound represented by the general formula (ii-1) in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is greater than It is preferably from 50% by mass to 85% by mass, and more preferably from 55% by mass to 80% by mass.

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention may suitably contain additives such as a known stabilizer, a known polymerizable liquid crystal compound, or a known polymer compound, depending on the mode of use.

Examples of stabilizers include hydroquinones, hydroquinone monoalkyl ethers, tertiary butylcatechols, pyrogallols, thiophenes, nitro compounds, β-naphthylamines, β -Naphthols, nitroxide compounds, hindered phenols, hindered amines, etc.

In the case of using a stabilizer, the total content of the stabilizer in 100% by mass of the liquid crystal composition is preferably 0.005% by mass to 1% by mass, preferably 0.02% by mass to 0.5% by mass, and preferably 0.03% by mass to 0.1 quality%.

The upper limit temperature of the liquid crystal phase (T _NI ) of the liquid crystal composition is the temperature at which the liquid crystal composition undergoes a phase transition from the nematic phase to the isotropic phase. The _{higher the T NI} , the nematic phase can be maintained even at high temperatures, so it can be expanded Drive temperature range. T _{NI is} preferably 130°C or higher, preferably 130°C to 200°C, more preferably 130°C to 180°C.

The Δn (refractive index anisotropy) of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention at 25° C. and 589 nm is preferably 0.2 or more, preferably 0.2 to 0.6, preferably 0.25 to 0.6, preferably 0.3 to 0.6, more Preferably, it is 0.35 to 0.5. The Δn in the visible light region is related to the Δε in the tens of GHz band. The higher the Δn, the greater the change in the dielectric constant of the GHz band. Therefore, if the Δn at 589 nm of the liquid crystal composition is 0.3 or more, the change in the dielectric constant in the GHz band can be increased, and therefore, it is suitable as a liquid crystal composition for sensors or antennas.

Here, between the phase difference Re, the thickness d (cell gap) of the liquid crystal layer, and Δn, the relationship of the formula: Δn=Re/d holds. In this specification, Δn is obtained from the phase difference measuring device. More specifically, a sample of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is injected into a glass cell with a polyimide alignment film, and the measurement temperature is measured using a retardation film-optical material inspection device RETS-100 (manufactured by Otsuka Electronics Co., Ltd.) In-plane retardation (phase difference Re) at 25°C and 589 nm. In addition, a glass cell in which the cell gap between the glass substrates is 3.0 μm and the rubbing direction of the polyimide alignment film is parallel was used.

In addition, it is also possible to measure ne and no of the liquid crystal composition with an Abbe refractometer to calculate Δn.

The Δε (dielectric constant anisotropy) at 25°C and 1 kHz of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is preferably 10 or more, more preferably 10-30, more preferably 12-25, more preferably 14-20. Δε is closely related to Vth, the higher the Δε, the lower the Vth.

The threshold voltage (Vth) at 25°C of the liquid crystal composition of the present invention is preferably 2.2 V or less, preferably 1.3 V to 2.2 V, preferably 1.5 V to 2.15 V, preferably 1.7 V to 2.1 V . Vth represents the lowest voltage for driving the liquid crystal. A liquid crystal composition with a low Vth can drive liquid crystal even at a low voltage, and therefore can reduce the driving voltage as an element.

Hereinafter, the liquid crystal element using the liquid crystal composition of the present invention, more specifically, the liquid crystal element, the sensor, the liquid crystal lens, the optical communication device, and the antenna will be described.

The liquid crystal element of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition, and is preferably driven by an active matrix method or a passive matrix method.

In addition, the liquid crystal element of the present invention is preferably a liquid crystal element that reversibly switches the dielectric constant by reversibly changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal composition.

The sensor of the present invention is characterized in that the liquid crystal composition is used. For example, as its aspect, it may be a distance measuring sensor using electromagnetic waves, visible light or infrared light; an infrared sensor using temperature changes; A temperature sensor that changes the wavelength of reflected light caused by a change in the pitch of the cholesteric liquid crystal; a pressure sensor that uses a change in the wavelength of reflected light; an ultraviolet sensor that uses a change in the wavelength of reflected light caused by a change in composition; Inductive sensors for temperature changes; radiation sensors that use temperature changes that accompany the tracks of radiation particles; ultrasonic sensors that use the changes in the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules caused by the mechanical vibration of ultrasonic waves; use the wavelength of reflected light caused by temperature changes Electromagnetic sensors that change the arrangement of liquid crystal molecules caused by changes or electric fields. As the ranging sensor, a sensor for LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging, LiDAR) using a light source is preferable. LiDAR is preferably used for artificial satellites, airplanes, unmanned aircraft (unmanned aerial vehicles), automobiles, railways, and ships. As for cars, it is especially good for self-driving cars. The light source is preferably a light-emitting diode (LED) or a laser, preferably a laser. The light used for LiDAR is preferably infrared light, and the wavelength is preferably 800 nm to 2000 nm. Especially preferred is an infrared laser with a wavelength of 905 nm or 1550 nm. In the case of attaching importance to the cost of the photodetector used or the sensitivity of all-weather, the infrared laser of 905 nm is preferred, and in the case of attaching importance to the safety related to human vision, the infrared laser of 1550 nm is preferred. shoot. The liquid crystal composition of the present invention exhibits a high Δn, and therefore can provide a sensor with high phase modulation power in the visible light, infrared light, and electromagnetic wave regions and excellent detection sensitivity.

The liquid crystal lens of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition. For example, as one of its aspects, it includes: a first transparent electrode layer, a second transparent electrode layer, the first transparent electrode layer, and the A liquid crystal layer containing the liquid crystal composition between the second transparent electrode layers, an insulating layer disposed between the second transparent electrode layer and the liquid crystal layer, and the insulating layer and the liquid crystal layer Between the high resistance layers. The liquid crystal lens of the present invention is used, for example, as a two-dimensional (2D) or 3D switching lens, a lens for focus adjustment of a camera, and the like.

The optical communication device of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition. For example, as one of its aspects, liquid crystal on silicon (LCOS) with the following structure can be cited, which is on the reflective layer (electrode) It has a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystals constituting a plurality of pixels are arranged two-dimensionally. The optical communication device of the present invention is used as a spatial phase modulator, for example.

The antenna of the present invention is characterized by using the liquid crystal composition. More specifically, the antenna of the present invention includes: a first substrate having a plurality of slots, a second substrate opposite to the first substrate and provided with a power supply unit, and a second substrate provided on the first substrate and the A first dielectric layer between the second substrates, a plurality of patch electrodes arranged corresponding to the plurality of grooves, a third substrate provided with the patch electrodes, and a third substrate provided with the patch electrodes, and A liquid crystal layer between the substrate and the third substrate, and the liquid crystal layer contains the liquid crystal composition.

By using one or two or more of the compounds represented by the general formula (i-1), selected from the general formula (i-2-1a), the general formula (i-2-1b), and the general formula (i-1) -2-1c) One or two or more of the compounds and one or two or more of the compounds represented by the general formula (ii) can provide a liquid crystal layer exhibiting a large dielectric constant anisotropy (Δε ), high liquid crystal phase upper limit temperature (T _NI ), low threshold voltage (Vth), with high refractive index anisotropy (Δn), and nematic liquid crystal temperature range is wide, stable at room temperature, and then has the ability to heat and other external stimuli Highly reliable antenna. Thereby, it is possible to provide an antenna capable of greater phase control of electromagnetic waves of microwaves or millimeter waves.

Hereinafter, the antenna of the present invention will be described using drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, an antenna assembly 11 to which four antenna units 1 are connected is mounted on the roof of a vehicle (automobile) 2. The antenna unit 1 is a planar antenna and is installed on the top of the vehicle, so the antenna unit 1 always faces the direction of the communication satellite. In this way, it is possible to perform satellite communication that both parties can send and receive.

Furthermore, the “antenna” in this specification includes an antenna unit 1 or an antenna assembly 11 connecting a plurality of antenna units 1.

The antenna of the present invention preferably operates at Ka-band frequency or K-band frequency or Ku-band frequency used for satellite communications.

Next, an example of an embodiment of the constituent elements of the antenna unit 1 is shown in FIG. 2. Fig. 2 is an exploded view of the antenna unit 1 shown in Fig. 1. Specifically, the structure of the antenna unit 1 includes: an antenna body 10; a control board 4 to control the antenna body 10; a housing 3 with a recess capable of accommodating the antenna body 10 and the control board 4; and an upper cover 5 to close the housing 3 .

The control board 4 is provided with a transmitter and/or a receiver. The transmitter has the following mechanism: through the information source encoding process, the information from the signal source such as voice or image data, such as voice encoding or image encoding, etc., and error correction encoding through the transmission line encoding process After that, it is modulated and transmitted as an electric wave. On the other hand, the receiver has the following mechanism: modulate the incident radio wave, perform error correction through the transmission line decoding process, and convert it into voice or image through the information source decoding process, such as speech decoding or image decoding. Information such as data. In addition, the control board 4 is composed of a well-known microcomputer, namely a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), a random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a read only memory (Read Only Memory, ROM), etc., and the unified control The operation of each part of the antenna body 1, the transmitter and/or the receiver. Various programs stored in the CPU or ROM of the control board 4 in advance are read to the RAM for execution to execute predetermined processing. The control board 4 has the functions of the following components: a storage unit, which stores various setting information or control programs; a calculation unit, which performs various calculations related to the amount and direction of the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer in the antenna body 1, and transmits radio waves Related various calculations and/or various calculations in the reception of radio waves; the detection unit performs detection of reception or transmission of radio waves, or detection of voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer.

In FIG. 2, as an example of the housing 3 capable of accommodating the disc-shaped antenna body 1, a hexagonal prism-shaped housing 3 and an upper cover 5 are described. However, the housing 3 and the upper cover 5 can be adapted according to the shape of the antenna body 1. Change to a known shape such as a columnar shape, an octagonal prism shape, and a triangular prism shape.

In order to describe the structure of the antenna main body 10, the following description will be given using FIGS. 3 to 10. FIG. 3 is a schematic view in which the constituent elements of the antenna body 10 are disassembled.

As shown in FIG. 3, the antenna body 10 includes a slot array part 6 and a patch array part 7. Furthermore, in the slot array portion 6, a plurality of slots (notches) 8 are formed on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor P, and a power feeding portion 12 is provided inside the center portion of the slot array portion 6. In addition, in the patch array section 7, as an example, a plurality of square patches 9 having a length L and a width W are formed on the disc body Q. Furthermore, the antenna body 10 has a structure including a disk-shaped conductor P formed with a plurality of slots 8 that is a slot array portion 6, and a disk-shaped patch array portion 7 formed with a plurality of patches, and the patch The array portion 7 and the groove array portion 6 are bonded so that the patch 9 is arranged opposite to each groove 8 formed on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor P.

The slot array portion 6 is an antenna portion that uses a notch portion (hereinafter referred to as a slot 8) hollowed out on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor P as a radiation element (or an incident element). In addition, the slot array portion 6 includes a slot 8 and a power feeding portion 12 provided in the center portion of the disc-shaped conductor P. In general, the slot array section 6 has a mechanism for direct excitation at the front end of the transmission line or via a cavity provided on the back surface of the groove. In addition, the slot array section 6 can be used to supply power to the patch antenna via the slot from an antenna or a microstrip line using a bottom plate. In FIG. 3, the form of the radial slot array is described as an example of the slot array section 6, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to this.

FIG. 4 shows a plan view of the groove array section 6 of FIG. 3. Hereinafter, the slot array section 6 will be described using FIG. 4. The slot array portion 6 has a structure in which power is supplied through a coaxial line provided in the center portion thereof. Therefore, the power supply part 12 is provided in the center part of the slot array part 6 shown in FIG. In addition, the groove array portion 6 has a plurality of grouped grooves 8 (hereinafter referred to as a “groove pair”) formed on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor P. The groove pair 8 has a structure in which two rectangular cutout portions are arranged in a "eight" shape. In more detail, two rectangular parallelepiped-shaped grooves 8 are arranged orthogonally, and one groove of the groove pair 8 is arranged at an interval of 1/4 wavelength with respect to the other groove. In this way, circularly polarized waves with different rotation directions can be transmitted and received according to the azimuth angle of the antenna.

In addition, in this specification, two grooves 8 are referred to as groove pairs 8, one groove 8 is simply referred to as groove 8, and the collective term of grooves and groove pairs is referred to as groove (pair) 8.

A plurality of groove pairs 8 are formed spirally from the center of the disc-shaped conductive substrate P toward the outside in the radial direction. In addition, the groove pair 8 is formed on the surface of the disk-shaped substrate so that the distance between the groove pairs 8 adjacent to each other along the spiral is constant. In this way, the phase can be aligned on the front surface of the slot array portion 6 to enhance the electromagnetic field, and a pencil beam can be formed on the front surface.

In addition, in FIGS. 3 and 4, an example of the shape of the groove 8 is shown as a rectangular parallelepiped shape, but the shape of the groove 8 of the present invention is not limited to a rectangular parallelepiped, and well-known shapes such as a circle, an ellipse, and a polygon can be used. . In addition, in FIGS. 3 and 4, as an example of the groove 8, the aspect of the groove pair is shown, but the groove 8 of the present invention is not limited to the groove pair. Furthermore, an example is shown in which the arrangement of the groove 8 on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor substrate P is spiral, but the arrangement of the groove 8 is not limited to the spiral shape, and the groove 8 may be arranged as, for example, FIG. 8 described later. Concentric circles as shown.

The power supply unit 12 of the present invention has a function of receiving electromagnetic waves and/or radiating electromagnetic waves. Furthermore, the power supply unit 12 of the present invention should only be a part that transmits high-frequency power generated by capturing radio waves by the patch 9 as a radiating element or incident element to the receiver, or connects the radiating element and a power supply line in order to supply high-frequency power. Part, there is no particular limitation, and a well-known power supply unit and power supply line can be used. As an example, the coaxial power supply unit is shown in FIGS. 3 and 4.

As shown in FIG. 3, the patch array portion 7 includes: a disc body Q, a plurality of square-shaped patches 9 having a length L and a width W; and a liquid crystal layer (not shown), which is filled with the groove array部6 between. The patch array section 7 of the present embodiment has a structure of a so-called microstrip antenna, and is a resonator whose length L is resonant at a frequency that coincides with an integer multiple of 1/2 wavelength.

Furthermore, in FIG. 3, as an example of the patch 9, a square-shaped patch 9 with a length of L and a width of W is shown. However, the shape of the patch 9 is not limited to a quadrilateral, and may be a circular shape.的贴片9。 The patch 9. Fig. 5 shows an embodiment of a circular patch 9 as another embodiment of the present invention.

5 is a plan view of the antenna body 10 of the present invention. In more detail, when the antenna body 10 is viewed from the patch array section 7, the patch 9 and the power supply are projected perpendicularly with respect to the main surface of the disc body Q Section 12, the figure of the slot pair 8. Therefore, the patch 9, the power supply unit 12, and the slot pair 8 are indicated by broken lines. In addition, when the shape of the patch 9 is a circular shape, generally speaking, it can be operated by an electromagnetic field distribution _{called a TM 11 mode.} As shown in FIG. 5, the projection body of the patch 9 coincides with the projection of the groove pair 8. Therefore, it can be understood that the patch 9 provided on the disc body Q is formed on the surface of the disc-shaped conductor P. The relative configuration of slot 8. As described above, by using the structure in which each patch 9 is arranged corresponding to each slot 8, power can be supplied from the slot 8 to the patch 9 by the electromagnetic coupling power supply method, or the incident radio wave can be propagated from the patch 9 to the slot 8. Therefore, an antenna capable of transmitting and/or receiving radio waves can be provided.

Generally speaking, the method of using a general transmission line such as a coaxial line or a planar transmission line to supply power to the radiating element (for example, the patch 9) of the patch array section 7 is roughly divided into a direct connection power supply method and an electromagnetic coupling power supply method. kind. Therefore, as the power supply method of the present invention, a direct connection power supply method, which is a method of exciting a radiation element by directly connecting a transmission line to the patch 9 (radiation element), and an electromagnetic coupling power supply method, which are not The transmission line and the patch electrode (radiation element) are directly connected, and the patch electrode (radiation element) is excited by the electromagnetic field generated around the power supply line whose terminal is open or short-circuited. In the present invention, the aspect of the electromagnetic coupling power supply method is shown.

In the present embodiment, the power supply line using the (coaxial) power supply unit 12 is open to the terminal, and therefore, a current standing wave in which the terminal of the power supply line coincides with the node is generated. Thereby, a magnetic field surrounding the power supply line ((coaxial) power supply part 12) is generated, and the magnetic field is incident on the slot 8 to excite the slot (pair) 8. Furthermore, the patch 9 is excited by the magnetic field generated by the excitation of the slot (pair) 8 being incident on the patch 9. Since the maximum excitation intensity is when the magnetic field incident on the slot 8 is the largest, it is preferable to form the slot (pair) 8 at the position (the antinode of the current standing wave) where the magnetic field generated from the power supply line ((coaxial) power supply part 12) is the largest .

The preferred aspect of the antenna of the present invention is a structure formed by combining a radial slot array and a patch antenna array.

Next, an embodiment of the antenna body 10 will be described using FIG. 6 which is a cross-sectional view of the antenna body 10 shown in FIG. 5. Naturally, FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the antenna.

As shown in FIG. 6, the antenna body 10 includes a disc-shaped second substrate 14, and a disc-shaped first substrate 13 (and a disc-shaped Corresponding to the conductor P; also known as the slot array substrate), the first dielectric layer 17 provided between the second substrate 14 and the first substrate 13, the first substrate 13 provided on the disc-shaped substrate and the second disc-shaped substrate The power supply part 12 at the center of the substrate 14, the disc-shaped third substrate 15 (corresponding to the disc body Q; also referred to as a patch substrate), and the patch 9 (radiating element or incident element) mounted on the third substrate 15 ), and a liquid crystal layer 16 disposed between the third substrate 15 and the first substrate 13. In addition, the power supply unit 12 is electrically connected to a transmitter and/or a receiver provided on the control board via a power supply line 12a. Also, each patch 9 corresponds to each slot pair 8.

The so-called "(each) patch 9 corresponds to (each) groove pair 8" here refers to the projection of the patch 9 perpendicular to the main surface of the second substrate 14 as shown in the description of FIG. 5 The face coincides with the groove (pair) 8. In other words, it means that the projection surface of the vertical projection groove (pair) 8 overlaps the patch 9 with respect to the main surface of the third substrate 15.

In addition, the first substrate 13, the second substrate 14, and the third substrate 15 are preferably circular plate bodies having the same area.

In FIG. 6, it is described that the radio wave (arrow) supplied by the (coaxial) power supply unit 12 becomes a cylindrical wave and propagates in the first dielectric layer 17 to the outside in the radial direction, and is transmitted from the groove (pair) 8 to the liquid crystal layer 16 Case. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 4, if the groove (pair) 8 is arranged so that two orthogonal grooves of the so-called "eight" shape are shifted by 1/4 wavelength, a circularly polarized wave can be generated. As described above, the slot (pair) 8 is excited by the electromagnetic coupling power supply method, whereby the magnetic field generated from the slot (pair) 8 is incident on the patch 9 and the patch 9 is excited. As a result, the patch 9 can radiate radio waves with high directivity.

On the other hand, in the case of receiving incident radio waves, according to the reversible theorem of transmission and reception, in contrast to the above, the patch 9 receives the incident radio waves and passes through the slot (pair) 8 provided directly below the patch 9. The incident radio wave propagates to the power supply unit 12.

Circularly polarized waves are different from linearly polarized waves. They are electric waves in which the direction of the electric field rotates with the passage of time. They are classified into the right ones used in the global positioning system (GPS) or electronic toll collection (ETC). For the circularly polarized wave and the left-handed circularly polarized wave used in satellite radio broadcasting, etc., any polarized wave can be received in the antenna of the present invention.

By applying a voltage to the liquid crystal layer 16 between the patch 9 and the first substrate 13, the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 16 can be changed. As a result, the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 16 changes, and therefore the electrostatic capacitance of the groove (pair) 8 changes. As a result, the reactance and resonance frequency of the groove (pair) 8 can be controlled. In other words, by controlling the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 16, the reactance and resonant frequency of the slot 8 can be adjusted, so the power supply to each patch 9 by the excitation of the adjustment slot (pair) 8 and the patch 9 can be controlled. . Thereby, it is possible to adjust the radio waves radiated through the liquid crystal layer 16. Therefore, for example, a thin film transistor (TFT) or the like may be provided with an applied voltage adjusting member that adjusts the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 16. In addition, by changing the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 16, the refractive index changes. As a result, the phase of the electromagnetic wave passing through the liquid crystal layer 16 is shifted. As a result of this, the phase array control can be performed.

The material of the first substrate 13 and the second substrate 14 is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductor such as copper. In addition, the material of the third substrate 15 is not particularly limited. Depending on the usage, glass substrate, acrylic substrate, ceramic (alumina), silicon, glass cloth, Teflon (registered trademark) can be used. (Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE)) and other well-known materials. The material of the first dielectric layer 17 can be suitably selected from a known material according to the desired relative permittivity, and it can also be a vacuum. Furthermore, the material of the patch 9 is not particularly limited as long as it is a conductor such as copper or silver.

Next, another embodiment of the antenna body 10 will be described using FIG. 7. The embodiment shown in FIG. 7 is a part of the slot array portion 6 of the antenna body 10 different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 6. In FIG. 7, the antenna body 10 includes: a first substrate 13 of a hollow body with a plurality of grooves (pairs) 8 formed on one surface; The second substrate 14, the first dielectric layer 17 and the power supply part 12; the disc-shaped third substrate 15; the patch 9 mounted on the third substrate 15; and the liquid crystal provided between the third substrate 15 and the first substrate 13 The layer 16, and the power supply portion 12 is provided between the other surface of the first substrate 13 where the plurality of grooves (pairs) 8 are not formed and the second substrate 14, and is provided on the first substrate 13 and the disc-shaped second substrate The center of 14. In addition, the power supply unit 12 is electrically connected to a transmitter and/or a receiver provided on the control board via a power supply line 12a. Also, each patch 9 corresponds to each slot pair 8. In addition, in FIG. 7, the side surfaces of the first substrate 13 of the hollow body protrude to the outside of the hollow body, and specifically, have an inclined surface at 45° with respect to the horizontal direction.

As shown in FIG. 7, the electric wave (arrow) fed by the (coaxial) power feeding unit 12 becomes a cylindrical wave and propagates to the outside in the radial direction within the first dielectric layer 17. In addition, the propagating cylindrical wave is reflected by the side surfaces of the first substrate 13 of the hollow body, whereby the cylindrical wave that bypasses the second substrate 14 is converted into a circular plate-shaped first substrate 13 from the outer periphery to the center. The traveling wave (arrow) propagates in the first dielectric layer 17. At this time, the traveling wave is transmitted from the groove (pair) 8 to the liquid crystal layer 16. Thereby, similar to the embodiment shown in FIG. 6, the patch 9 is excited, and a radio wave with high directivity can be radiated.

On the other hand, when the incident radio wave is received, the patch 9 receives the incident radio wave and propagates the incident radio wave to the power supply unit 12 through the slot (pair) 8 provided directly below the patch 9. Next, another embodiment of the antenna main body 10 will be described using FIGS. 8 to 10. In the above-mentioned embodiments of the antenna body 10 of FIGS. 5 to 7, the structure of the antenna body 10 in which the liquid crystal layer 16 is uniformly provided between the first substrate 13 and the third substrate 15 has been described. On the other hand, in the embodiments of FIGS. 8 to 10, the structure of the antenna body 10 filled with the liquid crystal layer 16 in the space in which the patch 9 and the groove 8 are respectively arranged (hereinafter, the sealed area 20) will be described.

Fig. 8 is a plan view showing an example of an embodiment of the antenna body 10 of the present invention. In more detail, FIG. 8 is a view in which the patch 9, the power feeding portion 12, and the groove 8 are projected perpendicularly with respect to the main surface of the disc body Q when the antenna body 10 is viewed from the patch array portion 7. Therefore, similar to FIG. 5, the patch 9, the power supply unit 12, and the groove 8 are indicated by broken lines. In FIG. 8, the square-shaped patch 9 and the one rectangular parallelepiped-shaped groove 8 are respectively arranged corresponding to the sealed area 20. In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, the projection body of the patch 9 coincides with the projection of the groove 8, and therefore the groove 8 is formed directly under the patch 9. Thereby, the embodiment of the antenna body 10 shown in FIG. 8 can be powered from the slot 8 to the patch 9 by means of electromagnetic coupling power supply, or the incident radio waves can be propagated from the patch 9 to the slot 8. Therefore, an antenna capable of transmitting and/or receiving radio waves can be provided.

In addition, as shown in FIG. 8, in this embodiment, the patch 9 and the groove 8 are arranged concentrically from the center of the disc body Q toward the outer circumferential direction of the disc body Q. Therefore, by supplying power in the coaxial mode, a conical beam will appear. Therefore, the phase of the front surface of the circular plate body Q is consistent, and the electromagnetic fields can be mutually enhanced.

Next, an embodiment of the antenna body 10 will be described using FIG. 9 which is a cross-sectional view of the antenna body 10 shown in FIG. 8. Furthermore, FIG. 9 is of course a schematic diagram showing the structure of the antenna.

As shown in FIG. 9, the antenna body 10 includes: a disc-shaped second substrate 14; a plurality of grooves 8 are formed in a concentric shaft-shaped disc-shaped first substrate 13 from the center toward the outside in the radial direction; The buffer layer 22 on the surface of the first substrate 13 on the side of the substrate 14; the first dielectric layer 17 provided between the buffer layer 22 and the second substrate 14; The power supply part 12 provided in the center part of the substrate 14 in contact with the first dielectric layer 17; the disc-shaped third substrate 15; the patch 9 (radiating element or incident element) mounted on the third substrate 15; And the liquid crystal layer 16 is separated by the sealing wall 24 between the third substrate 15 and the first substrate 13, and the liquid crystal layer 16 is filled in the plurality of enclosed areas 20 provided with the patches 9 in contact with the patches 9. In addition, the power supply unit 12 is electrically connected to a transmitter and/or a receiver provided on the control board via a power supply line 12a. Furthermore, each patch 9 corresponds to each groove 8, at least one patch 9, at least one groove 8 and liquid crystal layer 16 are present in each enclosed area 20, and each of the plurality of enclosed areas 20 passes through the sealing wall 21, the sealing wall 23, The wall 24 is sealed to be isolated.

Although not shown in FIG. 9, if necessary, a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) for controlling the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 16 may be provided in each enclosed area 20, for example, on the first substrate 13. Thereby, the application of the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 16 can be controlled in an active manner. In addition, if necessary, an alignment film may be provided in each enclosed area 20 to fix the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer 16. As the alignment film, a vertical alignment film that is easy to align in the vertical direction of liquid crystal molecules or a uniform alignment film that is easy to align in the horizontal direction of liquid crystal molecules can be provided between the first substrate 13 and the liquid crystal layer 16. For example, a polyimide alignment film, a photo-alignment film, etc. can be mentioned.

Next, the enclosed area 20 of this embodiment will be described using FIG. 10 which is a cross-sectional view of the antenna body 10 shown in FIG. 8 taken along the line B-B. Furthermore, FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram showing the enclosed area 20 as a matter of course.

As shown in FIG. 10, the sealed area 20 is a sealed space surrounded by the sealing wall 24, the buffer layer 22, and the first substrate 13 and the third substrate 15 in four directions. At least one patch 9 and at least one groove 8 are opposed to each other. The method is set in the same enclosed space and filled with the liquid crystal layer 16. In this embodiment, the sealing wall 24 can be formed of a well-known insulator or the like. In addition, the buffer layer 22 may be formed of a known dielectric material or the like.

Although not shown in FIG. 10, if necessary, a TFT (Thin Film Transistor) for controlling the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 16 may be provided in the enclosed area 20, for example, on the first substrate 13. Thereby, the application of the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 16 can be controlled in an active manner. If the driving method using the active mode is described in more detail, for example, the patch 9 is used as a common electrode, and the first substrate 13 is used as a pixel electrode, and TFTs formed on the first substrate 13 To control the voltage between the patch 9 and the first substrate 13 so as to control the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 16; alternatively, the first substrate 13 is used as a pixel electrode and an electrode layer is formed on the first substrate 13 And TFT, a method of controlling the voltage between the patch 9 and the first substrate 13, thereby controlling the alignment of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 16; further, comb-shaped electrodes and TFTs are provided on the first substrate 13, and the TFT is used to A method of controlling the alignment of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal layer 16 and the like. In addition, the method of actively controlling the application of the voltage of the liquid crystal layer 16 is not limited to the above-mentioned method. In addition, at this time, an alignment film may also be provided in each enclosed area 20 to fix the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules constituting the liquid crystal layer 16. As the alignment film, a vertical alignment film that is easy to align in the vertical direction of liquid crystal molecules or a uniform alignment film that is easy to align in the horizontal direction of liquid crystal molecules may be provided between the first substrate 13 and the liquid crystal layer 16.

In order to synchronize the liquid crystal layer 16, the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 16 between the patch 9 and the first substrate 13 can be adjusted. For example, as described above, by actively controlling the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer 16, the electrostatic capacitance of the cell 8 is changed, and as a result, the reactance and the resonance frequency of the cell 8 can be controlled. The resonance frequency of the slot 8 has a correlation with the energy radiated by the radio wave propagating through the line. Therefore, by adjusting the resonance frequency of the groove 8, the groove 8 is not substantially coupled with the cylindrical wave energy from the power supply unit 12, or is coupled with the cylindrical wave energy and radiated to the free space. Such control of the reactance and resonance frequency of the groove 8 can be performed in each of the enclosed regions 20 formed with a plurality of them. In other words, by controlling the dielectric constant of the liquid crystal layer 16, the power supply to the patch 9 in each enclosed area 20 can be controlled by the TFT. Therefore, it is possible to control the patch 9 that transmits radio waves and the patch that does not transmit radio waves, and therefore it is possible to adjust the transmission and reception of the radiated radio waves through the liquid crystal layer 16. [Example]

Hereinafter, examples are given to illustrate the present invention in more detail, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples at all. The composition of the following Examples and Comparative Examples contains each compound in the ratio in the table, and the content is described as "mass %". In the examples, the following abbreviations are used for the description of the compounds. In addition, in the table, "n.d." means no data. ＜Ring structure＞

[化60]

In the following examples, as long as there is no special description, a compound that can take the cis-body and the trans-body means the trans-body. ＜Terminal structure＞

[Table 1] Abbreviation Chemical structure -n -C _n H _2n+1 n- C _n H _2n+1- -On -OC _n H _2n+1 nO- C _n H _2n+1 O- -V -CH=CH ₂ V- CH ₂ =CH- -V1 -CH=CH-CH ₃ 1V- CH ₃ -CH=CH- -2V -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH=CH ₂ V2- CH ₂ =CH-CH ₂ -CH _2- -2V1 -CH ₂ -CH ₂ -CH=CH-CH ₃ 1V2- CH ₃ -CH=CH-CH ₂ -CH _2- -F -F -CN -CN -NCS -NCS

(Among them, n in the table is a natural number) <Link structure>

[Table 2] Abbreviation Chemical structure - single bond -n- -C _n H _2n- -nO- -C _n H _2n O- -On- -OC _n H _2n- -COO- -C(=O)-O- -OCO- -OC(=O)- -V- -CH=CH- -nV- -C _n H _2n -CH=CH- -Vn- -CH=CH-C _n H _2n- -T- -C≡C- -CF2O- -CF ₂ -O- -OCF2- -O-CF _2- -D- -N=N- -Z- -CH=NN=CH-

(Where n in the table is a natural number) <Physical property value> T _NI (°C): the temperature at which the liquid crystal composition transforms from the nematic phase to the isotropic phase Δn: the refractive index of the liquid crystal composition at 25°C and 589 nm Anisotropy Δε: Dielectric constant at 25°C and 1 kHz of the liquid crystal composition Anisotropy Vth: Threshold voltage (8.3 μm gap TN cell) at 25°C of the liquid crystal composition (Example 1) Production Example The liquid crystal composition of 1 was measured for its physical properties. The results of the structure and physical properties of the liquid crystal composition are shown below.

[table 3] Example 1 Property value T _NI /℃ 131 Δn@589 nm 0.356 Δε@1 kHz 17.6 Vth/V 1.79 Composition ratio/mass% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 14 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 10 5-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 6 4-Ph-Ma-Ph-CN 12 3-T-Ph-Ph-CN 12 4-T-Ph-Ph-CN 10 3-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 12 4-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 10 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 4 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5

(Example 2) The liquid crystal composition of Example 2 was produced, and its physical properties were measured. The results of the structure and physical properties of the liquid crystal composition are shown below.

[Table 4] Example 2 Property value T _NI /℃ 139 Δn@589 nm 0.365 Δε@1 kHz 18.5 Vth/V 1.87 Composition ratio/mass% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 14 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 10 5-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 4 4-Ph-Ma-Ph-CN 12 3-T-Ph-Ph-CN 12 4-T-Ph-Ph-CN 10 3-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 10 4-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5

(Example 3) The liquid crystal composition of Example 3 was produced, and its physical properties were measured. The results of the structure and physical properties of the liquid crystal composition are shown below.

[table 5] Example 3 Property value T _NI /℃ 154 Δn@589 nm 0.379 Δε@1 kHz 17.9 Vth/V 1.93 Composition ratio/mass% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 14 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 5-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 4 4-Ph-Ma-Ph-CN 12 3-T-Ph-Ph-CN 8 4-T-Ph-Ph-CN 8 3-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 4-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 10 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5 3-Tet3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 8

(Example 4) The liquid crystal composition of Example 4 was produced, and its physical properties were measured. The results of the structure and physical properties of the liquid crystal composition are shown below.

[Table 6] Example 4 Property value T _NI /℃ 151 Δn@589 nm 0.379 Δε@1 kHz 16.9 Vth/V 1.91 Composition ratio/mass% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 14 4-Ph-Ma-Ph-CN 12 3-T-Ph-Ph-CN 8 4-T-Ph-Ph-CN 8 3-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 10 4-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 13 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5 3-Tet3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 15

(Example 5) The liquid crystal composition of Example 5 was produced, and its physical properties were measured. The results of the structure and physical properties of the liquid crystal composition are shown below.

[Table 7] Example 5 Property value T _NI /℃ 159 Δn@589 nm 0.382 Δε@1 kHz 19.8 Vth/V 1.81 Composition ratio/mass% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 14 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 5-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 6 3-T-Ph-Ph-CN 6 4-T-Ph-Ph-CN 6 3-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 4-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 7 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5 3-Tet3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 13 4-Ph-T-Ph1-Ph3-CN 9

(Example 6) The liquid crystal composition of Example 6 was produced, and its physical properties were measured. The results of the structure and physical properties of the liquid crystal composition are shown below.

[Table 8] Example 6 Property value T _NI /℃ 167 Δn@589 nm 0.391 Δε@1 kHz 16.5 Vth/V 2.02 Composition ratio/mass% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 14 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 5-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 6 3-T-Ph-Ph-CN 6 4-T-Ph-Ph-CN 6 3-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 4-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 7 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 5 3-Tet3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 13 3-Ph-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 9

(Comparative example 1) The liquid crystal composition of Comparative Example 1 was produced, and its physical properties were measured. The results of the structure and physical properties of the liquid crystal composition are shown below.

[Table 9] Comparative example 1 Property value T _NI /℃ 139 Δn@589 nm 0.356 Δε@1 kHz 8.6 Vth/V 2.31 Composition ratio/mass% 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 6 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 6 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-3 8 3-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph3-F 15 3-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph1-F 15 4-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph1-F 20 3-Ph1-Ph-T-Ph-4 20 V2-Ph-Z-Ph-2V 10

(Comparative example 2) The liquid crystal composition of Comparative Example 2 was produced, and its physical properties were measured. The results of the structure and physical properties of the liquid crystal composition are shown below.

[Table 10] Comparative example 2 Property value T _NI /℃ 121 Δn@589 nm 0.269 Δε@1 kHz nd Vth/V 1.89 Composition ratio/mass% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 13 4-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 5-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 5 3-T-Ph-Ph-CN 8 4-T-Ph-Ph-CN 4 3-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 8 4-T-Ph1-Ph-CN 4 2-Ph-COO-Ph1-CN 2 3-Ph-COO-Ph1-CN 2 4-Ma-Ph-CN 2 5-Ma-Ph-CN 2 5-Ph-T-Pm2-O2 10 V-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 5 V2-Cy-Cy-Ph-1 9 3-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-2 4 4-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-1 4 3-Cy-Ph-T-Pm2-1 10

(Comparative example 3) The liquid crystal composition of Comparative Example 3 was produced, and its physical properties were measured. The results of the structure and physical properties of the liquid crystal composition are shown below.

[Table 11] Comparative example 3 Property value T _NI /℃ 113 Δn@589 nm 0.272 Δε@1 kHz nd Vth/V 1.57 Composition ratio/mass% 3-Ph-Ph1-Ph-CN 11 2-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 3-Ph3-T-Ph-D-Ph-2 5 2-Ph-COO-Ph1-CN 4 3-Ph-COO-Ph1-CN 3 4-Ph-COO-Ph1-CN 8 3-Ma-Ph3-CN 8 3-Ph-T-Ph-1 5 3-Ph-T-Ph-O2 5 4-Ph-T-Ph-O2 5 5-Ph-T-Ph-O1 3 5-Ph-T-Pm2-O2 3 3-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-2 6 4-Cy-Ph-T-Ph-1 5 3-Cy-COO-Ph-T-Ph-1 6 3-Cy-COO-Ph-T-Ph-5 3 V2-Ph-T-Ph-2V 9 3-Cy-Cy-COO-Ph-Cy-3 3 3-Cy-Cy-COO-Ph-Cy-4 3

According to Examples 1 to 6, the liquid crystal composition using a combination of predetermined compounds has a T _NI of 130° C. or more, Δn of 0.2 or more, and Vth of 2.2 or less. Therefore, both have a high liquid crystal phase upper limit temperature (T _NI ). , High refractive index anisotropy (Δn) and low threshold voltage (Vth), thereby greatly changing the dielectric constant in the GHz band, showing a low driving voltage, and is a liquid crystal composition suitable for antennas and other elements.

On the other hand, a liquid crystal composition in which no predetermined compound is used in combination has a T _{NI of} less than 130° C. or a Vth of more than 2.2 V, which does not have the desired performance. [Industrial availability]

The liquid crystal composition of the present invention can be used for liquid crystal display elements, sensors, liquid crystal lenses, optical communication equipment and antennas.

1: Antenna unit 2: Vehicle 3: shell 4: control panel 5: Upper cover 6: Slot array section 7: Patch array department 8: Slot 9: Patch 10: Antenna body 11: Antenna assembly 12: Power Supply Department 12a: power supply line 13: The first substrate 14: Second substrate 15: third substrate 16: liquid crystal layer 17: The first dielectric layer 20: Confined area 21, 23, 24: sealing wall 22: Buffer layer A-A, B-B, C-C: cut line L: length P: Conductor Q: Disc body W: width

FIG. 1 is an example of a schematic diagram of a vehicle equipped with the antenna of the present invention. Fig. 2 is an example of an exploded view of the antenna of the present invention. Fig. 3 is an example of an exploded view of the antenna body of the present invention. Fig. 4 is an example of a plan view of a slot array portion of the present invention. Fig. 5 is an example of a plan view of a projection view of the antenna body of the present invention. Fig. 6 is a form of a cross-sectional view of the antenna body of Fig. 5 cut along the line A-A. Fig. 7 is another form of a cross-sectional view of the antenna body of Fig. 5 cut along the line A-A. Fig. 8 is another example of a plan view showing a projection view of the antenna body of the present invention. Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna body of Fig. 8 cut along the line C-C. Fig. 10 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna body of Fig. 8 cut along the line B-B.

6: Slot array section

7: Patch array department

8: Slot

9: Patch

10: Antenna body

12: Power Supply Department

L: length

P: Conductor

Q: Disc body

W: width

Claims (13)

A liquid crystal composition characterized by containing: one or two or more compounds represented by the following general formula (i-1); selected from the following general formula (i-2-1a) and general formula (i- One or two or more of the compounds in 2-1b) and the general formula (i-2-1c); and one or two or more of the compounds represented by the following general formula (ii),

In the general formula (i-1), R ⁱ¹ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and a carbon number of 2 to Any of the alkenyloxy groups of 8, one of the groups or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -s may be independently -CH=CH-, -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution, in addition, ^{one or two or more hydrogen atoms present in R i1} can be substituted with fluorine atoms each independently, and A ⁱ¹ , A ⁱ² and A ⁱ³ each independently represent a group a and a group b selected from the group below group group c and the group consisting of: group a: 1,4- cyclohexylene, the radical present in a -CH ₂ - or more non-adjacent two -CH ₂ - may be substituted with - O-; Group b: 1,4-phenylene, one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= existing in the group can be substituted with -N=; and group c: naphthalene-2, 6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, of which naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1,2, One -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= existing in 3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl can be substituted with -N=, the group a, the group b and the One or two or more hydrogen atoms in the group c may be independently substituted by a halogen atom, a cyano group, ^{or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, m i1} represents 1 or 2, when there are multiple ^{A i1} Below, these can be the same or different,

In the general formula (i-2-1a) to the general formula (i-2-1c), R ¹¹ , R ¹² and R ¹³ each independently represent an alkynyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, and the alkyne One or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -in the group may be substituted with -O- or -S-. In addition, one or two or more hydrogen atoms present in ^{R 11} , R ¹² and R ^{13 are independent of each other} Ground can be substituted with a fluorine atom or a chlorine atom. M ¹¹ , M ¹² , M ¹³ , M ¹⁴ , M ¹⁵ and M ¹⁶ each independently represent selected from the group consisting of the following group a, group b and group c Group: Group a: 1,4-cyclohexylene, one -CH ₂ -or two or more -CH ₂ -not adjacent to each other in the group can be substituted with -O- or -S-; group b ; 1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, or 3,5-difluoro-1,4-phenylene, wherein the 1,4-phenylene is present in One -CH= or two or more -CH= that are not adjacent to each other can be substituted with -N=; and group c: 1,4-cyclohexenylene, 1,4-bicyclo[2.2.2]octyl , Piperidine-2,5-diyl, naphthalene-2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, or decalin-2,6-diyl , One or more of the hydrogen atoms in the group a, the group b, and the group c are independently halogen atoms, cyano groups, trifluoromethyl groups, trifluoromethoxy groups, or carbon atoms. Alkyl substitution of 1 to 6, L ¹¹ , L ¹² , L ¹³ , L ¹⁴ , L ¹⁵ and L ¹⁶ each independently represent a single bond, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -(CH ₂ ) ₄ -, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O- or -C≡C-, p, q and r each independently represent 0, 1 or 2, in M ¹² , M ¹⁴ , M ¹⁶ , L ¹¹ , L ^13, and/or L ¹⁵ respectively exist in multiple cases, these may be the same or different, X ¹¹ , X ¹² , X ¹³ , X ¹⁴ , X ¹⁵ , X ¹⁶ and X ¹⁷ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a fluorine atom,

In the general formula (ii), R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² each independently represent a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a cyano group or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and a carbon atom Any one of an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 and an alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, one of the groups or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -groups may be independently set by -CH=CH- ^{, -C≡C-} , -O-, -CO-, -COO- or -OCO- substitution, in addition, one or more hydrogen atoms present in R ii1 and R ^{ii2 can be independently substituted with fluorine atoms} , But R ⁱⁱ¹ and R ⁱⁱ² do not simultaneously represent a group selected from a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a cyano group. Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² and Z ⁱⁱ³ each independently represent a single bond, -OCH ₂ -, -CH ₂ O- , -C ₂ H ₄ -, -C ₄ H ₈ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -CH=CH-, -CF=CF-, -CF ₂ O-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ CF ₂ ^-or -C≡C-, A ii1, A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁵ and A ⁱⁱ⁶ each independently represent a group selected from the group consisting of the following groups a, b and c : group a: 1,4-cyclohexylene, in the presence of a group -CH ₂ - or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ - may be substituted with -O-; group b: 1,4- stretch Phenyl group, one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group can be substituted with -N=; and group c: naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6- Diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, of which naphthalene-1,4-diyl, naphthalene-2,6- One -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the diyl group or 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group can be substituted with -N=, the group a , One or more of the hydrogen atoms in the group b and the group c may be independently substituted by a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ^{ii3 Each} independently represents 0 or 1, and m ii1 +m ⁱⁱ² +m ⁱⁱ³ represents 0 or 1. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (i-1) is the following general formula (i-1-1):

In the general formula (i-1-1), R ⁱ¹ has the same meaning ^{as R i1} in the general formula (i-1), ^{and X i1-1} to X ^i9-1 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or Fluorine atoms, but X ^i1-1 and X ^i2-1 do not simultaneously represent fluorine atoms, X ^i3-1 and X ^i4-1 do not simultaneously represent fluorine atoms, and X ^i5-1 and X ^i6-1 do not simultaneously represent fluorine atoms atom. The liquid crystal composition according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the compound represented by the general formula (ii) is the following general formula (ii-1):

In the general formula (ii-1), R ⁱⁱ¹ , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ respectively represent and ^{R ii1} , R ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ¹ , Z ⁱⁱ² , Z ⁱⁱ³ , A ⁱⁱ¹ , A ⁱⁱ² , A ⁱⁱ⁴ , A ⁱⁱ⁶ , m ⁱⁱ¹ , m ⁱⁱ² and m ⁱⁱ³ in the general formula (ii) have the same meaning, A ^{ii3- 1} and A ^ii5-1 each independently represent 1,4-phenylene, one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in the group may be substituted with -N=, in the group One or two or more hydrogen atoms in may be independently substituted with a halogen atom, a cyano group, or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. The liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further containing one or two or more compounds selected from the following general formulas (2a) to (2c),

In the general formula (2a) to the general formula (2c), R ^2a and R ^2b each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and the number of carbon atoms Any one of the alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, the alkenyloxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and the cyano group, one of the groups or two or more non-adjacent -CH ₂ -groups may independently be -O- , -CH=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CF=CF- or -C≡C- substitution, in addition, one or two or more hydrogen atoms present in the group are independent of each other The ground may be substituted by any one of a fluorine atom, a trifluoromethoxy group, and an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Ring A, ring B, ring C, and ring D each independently represent a group a and a group selected from the following b. The group in the group consisting of group c and group d: group a: 1,4-cyclohexylene, one -CH ₂ -or two or more non-adjacent -CH _2- Can be substituted with -O-; Group b: 1,4-phenylene, one -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= existing in the group can be substituted with -N=; Group c: naphthalene -2,6-diyl, 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl or decahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl, of which naphthalene-2,6-diyl or 1 One -CH= or two or more non-adjacent -CH= in 2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-2,6-diyl group can be substituted with -N=; and group d: 1,4- Cyclohexenylene, 1,3-dioxane-trans-2,5-diyl, pyrimidine-2,5-diyl or pyridine-2,5-diyl, said group a, said group b. One or two or more hydrogen atoms in the group c and the group d may be independently substituted by a halogen atom, a cyano group or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, L ^2a , L ^2b and L ^2c independently represents a single bond, -CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -CH(CH ₃ )CH ₂ -, -CH ₂ CH(CH ₃ )-, -CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ CH ₂ -, -COO-, -OCO-, -OCF ₂ -, -CF ₂ O-, -CH=CH-, -CH=CF-, -CF=CH-, -CF=CF-, -C≡C- or -CH=NN= CH-; Among the compounds represented by general formula (2a) to general formula (2c), general formula (i-1), general formula (i-2-1a), and general formula (i-2-1b) And the compound represented by general formula (i-2-1c) is excluded. The liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein Δn at 25° C. and 589 nm is 0.2 or more. A liquid crystal element using the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The liquid crystal element according to claim 6, which is driven in an active matrix method or a passive matrix method. A liquid crystal element which reversibly switches the dielectric constant by reversibly changing the alignment direction of liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claim 1 to claim 5. A sensor that uses the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claim 1 to claim 5. A liquid crystal lens using the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5. An optical communication device using the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claim 1 to claim 5. An antenna using the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5. The antenna according to claim 12 includes: The first substrate has a plurality of grooves; The second substrate is opposite to the first substrate and is provided with a power supply part; The first dielectric layer is disposed between the first substrate and the second substrate; A plurality of patch electrodes are arranged corresponding to the plurality of grooves; The third substrate is provided with the patch electrode; and The liquid crystal layer is disposed between the first substrate and the third substrate, and The liquid crystal layer contains the liquid crystal composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5.

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