TW202127697A - Led pixel cell, led display device and brightness adjustment method thereof - Google Patents
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本發明係關於發光二極體顯示之技術領域,尤指一種具亮度調整的發光二極體像素顯示單元、發光二極體顯示裝置及其亮度調整方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of light-emitting diode display, in particular to a light-emitting diode pixel display unit with brightness adjustment, a light-emitting diode display device and a brightness adjustment method thereof.
由於半導體元件及顯示技術的急速進步,在顯示裝置方面,已逐漸興起例如為主動式矩陣有機發光二極體(Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode,AMOLED)、微型發光二極體(Micro-LED)及迷你發光二極體(Mini-LED)等發光二極體顯示裝置,由於發光二極體顯示裝置具有自發光、影像品質佳、無視角限制、高應答速度、省電、直流驅動、工作溫度範圍大以及重量輕等優點,因此,其特性可符合現今對顯示裝置的要求,故發光二極體顯示裝置具有極大的發展潛力,可望逐漸取代液晶顯示裝置(Liquid Crystal Display,LCD),而成為平面顯示器的主流。Due to the rapid advancement of semiconductor devices and display technology, display devices have gradually emerged such as Active Matrix Organic Light Emitting Diode (AMOLED), Micro-LED and Mini-LED (Mini-LED) and other light-emitting diode display devices, because the light-emitting diode display device has self-illumination, good image quality, no viewing angle limitation, high response speed, power saving, DC drive, and operating temperature range Because of the advantages of large size and light weight, its characteristics can meet the requirements of current display devices. Therefore, light-emitting diode display devices have great development potential and are expected to gradually replace Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The mainstream of flat-panel displays.
由於發光原理之不同,發光二極體顯示裝置的調光方式與液晶顯示裝置亦有所不同,主要是以加長或縮短發光二極體點亮的時間來調整發光二極體顯示裝置的亮度,如圖1所示為習知發光二極體顯示裝置的調光方式,其是使用一個脈波產生器(Pulse Generator)來產生開關信號(SW),此開關信號(SW)用以導通或斷開一開關,因此決定電源的開啟與關閉,也決定了發光二極體顯示面板的所有發光二極體是否發光,故假設是解析度為1024x1024的發光二極體顯示面板,前述習知發光二極體顯示裝置的調光方式只能同時改變1024x1024個發光二極體的亮暗,而無法對每個發光二極體單元個別微調亮暗。Due to the different lighting principles, the dimming method of the LED display device is also different from that of the liquid crystal display device. The brightness of the LED display device is adjusted by lengthening or shortening the lighting time of the LED. Figure 1 shows the dimming method of a conventional light-emitting diode display device, which uses a pulse generator (Pulse Generator) to generate a switch signal (SW), and the switch signal (SW) is used to turn on or off Turning on a switch determines whether the power is turned on or off. It also determines whether all the light-emitting diodes of the light-emitting diode display panel emit light. Therefore, it is assumed that it is a light-emitting diode display panel with a resolution of 1024x1024. The dimming method of the polar body display device can only change the brightness and darkness of 1024x1024 light-emitting diodes at the same time, and it is impossible to fine-tune the brightness and darkness of each light-emitting diode unit individually.
且由於製程之因素,發光二極體顯示面板常會有亮度不均勻的現象,但因前述習知發光二極體顯示裝置的調光方式只能同時改變整片發光二極體顯示面板的亮暗,無法個別調整發光二極體像素(Pixel)的亮暗,導致了發光二極體顯示裝置的亮度表現常不符期待。And due to the manufacturing process, LED display panels often have uneven brightness. However, the dimming method of the aforementioned conventional LED display devices can only change the brightness of the entire LED display panel at the same time. Therefore, it is impossible to adjust the brightness of the light-emitting diode pixels (Pixel) individually, which causes the brightness performance of the light-emitting diode display device to often not meet expectations.
因此,習知發光二極體顯示裝置的亮度調整的設計上,實仍存在有諸多缺失而有予以改善之必要。Therefore, there are still many shortcomings in the design of the brightness adjustment of the conventional light-emitting diode display device, and it is necessary to improve it.
本發明之目的主要係在提供一種發光二極體像素顯示單元及其亮度調整方法,藉由在發光二極體像素顯示單元中設置亮度調整的電路,以解決習知技術之缺失。The purpose of the present invention is mainly to provide a light-emitting diode pixel display unit and a brightness adjustment method thereof. The brightness adjustment circuit is provided in the light-emitting diode pixel display unit to solve the deficiencies of the conventional technology.
依據本發明之一特色,提出一種具亮度調整的發光二極體像素顯示單元,其包含:一發光二極體像素電路,具有一發光二極體,其受驅動而發光;一開關電路,耦接於該發光二極體像素電路及一電源電壓之間;以及一充放電調控電路,耦接於該開關電路以控制該開關電路的導通及斷開,其中,經由對該充放電調控電路充電而導通該開關電路,以施加該電源電壓於該發光二極體像素電路而發光,以及經由使該充放電調控電路放電而斷開該開關電路,導致該發光二極體像素電路停止發光。According to one feature of the present invention, a light-emitting diode pixel display unit with brightness adjustment is provided, which includes: a light-emitting diode pixel circuit having a light-emitting diode which is driven to emit light; Connected between the light-emitting diode pixel circuit and a power supply voltage; and a charge and discharge control circuit, coupled to the switch circuit to control the on and off of the switch circuit, wherein the charge and discharge control circuit is charged The switch circuit is turned on to apply the power supply voltage to the LED pixel circuit to emit light, and the switch circuit is turned off by discharging the charge and discharge control circuit, causing the LED pixel circuit to stop emitting light.
依據本發明之另一特色,提出一種亮度調整方法,用以調整發光二極體像素顯示單元的發光亮度,亮度調整方法包含:於一第一預充電期間,斷開該開關電路,且充電該充放電調控電路,致使輸出禁能信號至該開關電路;於一第二預充電期間,斷開該開關電路,且充電該充放電調控電路,致使輸出致能信號至該開關電路;於一發光期間,導通該開關電路,致使該電源電壓施加於該發光二極體像素電路,且放電該充放電度調控電路;以及於一發光停止期間,放電該充放電調控電路,致使輸出禁能信號至該開關電路。According to another feature of the present invention, a brightness adjustment method is provided to adjust the emission brightness of the LED pixel display unit. The brightness adjustment method includes: during a first precharge period, the switch circuit is turned off, and the The charge and discharge control circuit causes the output disable signal to the switch circuit; during a second precharge period, the switch circuit is turned off, and the charge and discharge control circuit is charged, so that the enable signal is output to the switch circuit; During the period, the switch circuit is turned on, so that the power supply voltage is applied to the light-emitting diode pixel circuit, and the charge-discharge degree control circuit is discharged; and during a light emission stop period, the charge-discharge control circuit is discharged, causing the output disable signal to The switch circuit.
依據本發明再一特色,提出一種發光二極體顯示裝置,包含複數個發光二極體像素顯示單元,以矩陣陣列的方式排列,其中至少一發光二極體像素顯示單元包含:一發光二極體像素電路,具有一發光二極體,其受驅動而發光;一開關電路,耦接於該發光二極體像素電路及一電源電壓之間;以及一充放電調控電路,耦接於該開關電路以控制該開關電路的導通及斷開,其中,經由對該充放電調控電路充電而導通該開關電路,以施加該電源電壓於該發光二極體像素電路而發光,以及經由使該充放電調控電路放電而斷開該開關電路,導致該發光二極體像素電路停止發光。According to another feature of the present invention, a light-emitting diode display device is provided, which includes a plurality of light-emitting diode pixel display units arranged in a matrix array, wherein at least one light-emitting diode pixel display unit includes: a light-emitting diode The volume pixel circuit has a light emitting diode which is driven to emit light; a switch circuit coupled between the light emitting diode pixel circuit and a power supply voltage; and a charge and discharge control circuit coupled to the switch The circuit controls the on and off of the switch circuit, wherein the switch circuit is turned on by charging the charge and discharge control circuit to apply the power supply voltage to the light emitting diode pixel circuit to emit light, and by making the charge and discharge The control circuit discharges and disconnects the switch circuit, causing the LED pixel circuit to stop emitting light.
以上概述與接下來的詳細說明皆為示範性質,是為了進一步說明本發明的申請專利範圍,而有關本發明的其他目的與優點,將在後續的說明與圖式加以闡述。The above summary and the following detailed description are exemplary in nature, and are intended to further illustrate the scope of the patent application of the present invention. Other objectives and advantages of the present invention will be described in the following description and drawings.
為了使本發明的目的、技術方案及優點更加清楚明白,以下結合附圖及實施例,對本發明進行進一步詳細說明。應當理解,此處所描述的具體實施例僅僅用以解釋本發明的實施方式,並不用於限定本發明,且於本發明之電路圖中,基於電路的表達習慣,同一電路符號可以代表電路的一端點或是此端點上的信號,例如,電路符號VDD可以代表電路的電源電壓端點或是電源電壓信號。In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the implementation of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. In the circuit diagrams of the present invention, based on the expression habits of the circuit, the same circuit symbol can represent one end of the circuit. Or the signal on this end point. For example, the circuit symbol VDD can represent the power supply voltage end point of the circuit or the power supply voltage signal.
圖2所示為本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的方塊圖,其中,發光二極體像素顯示單元包括一發光二極體像素電路10、一開關電路20及一充放電調控電路30。如圖所示,開關電路20耦接於發光二極體像素電路10及一電源電壓(VDD)之間,以受充放電調控電路30之控制而選擇性地施加電源電壓(VDD)至發光二極體像素電路10,使得發光二極體像素電路10為發光或不發光,據以達成亮度之調整。FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a light-emitting diode pixel display unit of the present invention. The light-emitting diode pixel display unit includes a light-emitting
請一併參照圖3為本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的一實施例的電路圖,如圖所示,發光二極體像素電路10具有一發光二極體14,其可受驅動而發光,且本實施例之發光二極體像素電路10是一2T1C之電路架構,亦即,發光二極體像素電路10包含有二電晶體11,12及一電容13,其中,電晶體11的一連接端連接至發光二極體14的陽極,另一連接端連接電容13的一端並用以接收施加之電源電壓VDD,發光二極體14的陰極接地,電容13的另一端連接電晶體11的控制端及電晶體12的一連接端,電晶體12的另一連接端及控制端分別連接資料電壓端(data)及掃描信號端(SCAN),以依據掃描信號及資料電壓而驅動發光二極體14發光,由於發光二極體像素電路10的驅動為熟悉發光二極體顯示驅動者所知,故其電路運作在此不再詳述。此外,前述發光二極體像素電路10並不以2T1C之電路架構為限,其亦可為任何適用的驅動電路架構,例如,發光二極體像素電路10的架構也可以是以三電晶體及一電容(3T1C) 之組合、五電晶體及二電容(5T2C)之組合、六電晶體及一電容(6T1C)之組合、七電晶體及一電容(7T1C)之組合等等來達成。Please also refer to FIG. 3 for a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the light-emitting diode pixel display unit of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the light-emitting
如圖2所示,前述充放電調控電路30是耦接於該開關電路20以控制該開關電路20的導通及斷開,其中,充放電調控電路30具有電容性元件(如圖3所示之電容31) 而可進行充放電,經由對充放電調控電路30充電,可以控制開關電路20來導通開關電路20,致使電源電壓(VDD)施加於發光二極體像素電路10而發光,以及經由使充放電調控電路30放電而控制開關電路20來斷開該開關電路20,以控制發光二極體像素電路10停止發光。As shown in FIG. 2, the aforementioned charge and
如圖3所示,開關電路20包括串接的二開關電晶體21, 22,其中,開關電晶體21的一連接端連接至電源電壓(VDD),其控制端耦接至充放電調控電路30,以受控為導通或斷開該開關電晶體21,開關電晶體22的一連接端連接至開關電晶體21的另一連接端,開關電晶體22的另一連接端連接至發光二極體像素電路10的電容13與電晶體11的連接處,開關電晶體22的控制端連接至一發光端(EM)。As shown in FIG. 3, the
請繼續參照圖3,前述充放電調控電路30可以是包括二電容31,32及三電晶體33,34,35,其中,電晶體33的控制端連接至一脈衝寬度調變端(PWM),電晶體33的一連接端連接至一第一調控電壓端(SIG1),電晶體33的另一連接端連接至電容31的一端(圖3中標示為節點VG1),電容31的另一端連接至一第二調控電壓端(SIG2);電晶體34的控制端連接至電容31的一端(節點VG1),電晶體34的一連接端連接至電源電壓(VDD),電晶體34的另一連接端連接至電容32的一端(圖3中標示為節點VG2)並進一步連接至開關電路20的開關電晶體21的控制端,電容32的另一端接地;電晶體35的控制端連接至一重置端(Reset),電晶體35的一連接端連接至電容32的一端(節點VG2),電晶體35的另一連接端連接至一參考電壓端(VREF)。Please continue to refer to FIG. 3, the aforementioned charge and
以前述圖3之電路,可以兩階段分別對該充放電調控電路30 的電容31預充電,以使充放電調控電路30可以控制開關電路20的導通及斷開,其中,充放電調控電路30是經由第一調控電壓端(SIG1)對電容31充電、及經由第二調控電壓端(SIG2)再對電容31充電,之後經由第二調控電壓端(SIG2)使充放電調控電路30的電容31放電。With the aforementioned circuit in FIG. 3, the
進一步,圖4顯示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的亮度調整方法,其包括一第一預充電步驟、一第二預充電步驟、一發光步驟、及一發光停止步驟。其中,第一預充電步驟是用以於一第一預充電期間,斷開該開關電路20,且充電該充放電調控電路30,致使輸出禁能(disable)信號至開關電路20,請一併參照圖5所示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的控制波形圖及圖6(A)所示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元在第一預充電期間的線路連接圖,如圖所示,於第一預充電期間(T1),施加禁能信號於開關電路20的開關電晶體22的發光端(EM)以斷開開關電晶體22,脈衝寬度調變端(PWM) 的PWM信號為導通電晶體33,重置端(Reset)的重置信號為斷開電晶體35,及施加一第一調控電壓V(SIG1)於第一調控電壓端(SIG1)以對充放電調控電路30的電容31充電,因此節點VG1的電位為V(SIG1)而導通電晶體34,電源電壓(VDD)對電容32充電而使得節點VG2的電位為VDD,致使輸出禁能信號至開關電晶體21以斷開開關電晶體21,於此期間,由於開關電路20的開關電晶體21,22皆為斷開,電源電壓(VDD)不施加於發光二極體像素電路10,故發光二極體14不發光。Furthermore, FIG. 4 shows the brightness adjustment method of the LED pixel display unit of the present invention, which includes a first pre-charging step, a second pre-charging step, a light-emitting step, and a light-emitting stop step. The first pre-charging step is used to turn off the
前述第二預充電步驟是用以於一第二預充電期間,斷開該開關電路20,且充電該充放電調控電路30,致使輸出致能(enable)信號至開關電路20,請一併參照圖5所示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的控制波形圖及圖6(B)所示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元在第二預充電期間的線路連接圖,如圖所示,於第二預充電期間(T2),施加禁能信號(disable)於開關電路20的開關電晶體22的發光端(EM)以斷開開關電晶體22,脈衝寬度調變端(PWM)的PWM信號為斷開電晶體33,及施加一第二調控電壓V(SIG2)於第二調控電壓端(SIG2)以對充放電調控電路30的電容31充電,因此節點VG1的電位為V(SIG1)+V(SIG2)而斷開電晶體34,且因重置端(Reset)的重置信號為導通電晶體35,而使得節點VG2的電位為參考電壓端(VREF)的參考電位VREF,由於參考電位VREF是設置為小於VDD,例如,VREF=VDD-Vth,其中Vth為電晶體的臨界電壓,因此致使輸出致能信號至開關電晶體21以導通開關電晶體21,於此期間,由於開關電路20的開關電晶體22為斷開,電源電壓(VDD)不施加於發光二極體像素電路10,故發光二極體14不發光。The aforementioned second pre-charging step is used to turn off the
前述發光步驟是用以於一發光期間,導通開關電路20,致使電源電壓(VDD)施加於發光二極體像素電路10,且放電該充放電調控電路20,請一併參照圖5所示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的控制波形圖及圖6(C)所示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元在發光期間的線路連接圖,如圖所示,於發光期間(T3),脈衝寬度調變端(PWM)的PWM信號為斷開電晶體33,且施加致能信號(enable)於開關電路20的開關電晶體22的發光端(EM)以導通開關電晶體22,充放電調控電路30經由第二調控電壓端(SIG2)放電,節點VG1的電位由V(SIG1)+V(SIG2)往下降,但仍大於VDD,且電晶體34仍為斷開,重置端(Reset)的重置信號為斷開電晶體35,節點VG2的電位仍為參考電位VREF,於此期間,由於開關電路20的開關電晶體21,22皆為導通,電源電壓(VDD)施加於發光二極體像素電路10,致使發光二極體14發光。The aforementioned light-emitting step is used to turn on the
前述發光停止步驟是用以於一發光停止期間,放電該充放電調控電路30,致使輸出禁能信號至開關電路20,請一併參照圖5所示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的控制波形圖及圖6(D)所示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元在發光停止期間的線路連接圖,如圖所示,於發光停止期間(T4),脈衝寬度調變端(PWM)的信號為斷開電晶體33,重置端(Reset)的重置信號為斷開電晶體35,發光端(EM) 的發光信號為導通開關電晶體22,充放電調控電路30仍經由第二調控電壓端(SIG2)放電,節點VG1的電位已由V(SIG1)+V(SIG2)降至小於VDD並最終降至0V,因而導通電晶體34,致使節點VG2的電位成為VDD而輸出禁能信號至開關電晶體21以斷開開關電晶體21,於此期間,由於開關電路20的開關電晶體21為斷開,電源電壓(VDD)不施加於發光二極體像素電路10,故發光二極體14不再發光。The aforementioned light-emission stop step is used to discharge the charge and
由上述本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的電路圖及控制波形圖可知,發光二極體14發光的起始點是發光端(EM)的發光信號為低電位(導通開關電晶體22),結束於節點VG1的電位小於VDD, 由於VG1是由V(SIG1)+V(SIG2)所構成,因此藉由調整V(SIG1)便可控制發光二極體14的發光時間,而可有效達成個別調整發光二極體像素顯示單元的亮暗之目的。From the above circuit diagram and control waveform diagram of the LED pixel display unit of the present invention, it can be seen that the starting point of the light-
圖7所示為本發明之發光二極體顯示裝置的示意圖,如圖所示,發光二極體顯示裝置包含複數個發光二極體像素顯示單元1,其中複數個發光二極體像素顯示單元1是以矩陣陣列的方式排列,並由資料電壓(data)及掃描信號 (SCAN)所驅動以進行顯示,且其中至少一發光二極體像素顯示單元1是以前述實施例的發光二極體像素顯示單元的電路所實現,故在發光二極體顯示裝置的顯示中,可以個別調整發光二極體像素顯示單元1的亮暗,使得發光二極體顯示裝置的發光更加平均,提昇顯示影像品質。FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the light-emitting diode display device of the present invention. As shown in the figure, the light-emitting diode display device includes a plurality of light-emitting diode
此外,雖本發明前述實施例電路圖是使用PMOS電晶體實現,但本發明不以此為限,於其他實施例中,亦可以使用NMOS電晶體或其他類型的電晶體,由於熟悉電路設計者基於本發明之揭露可以使用不同類型的電晶體來實現本發明之電路,因此不再詳述其電路結構。再者,上述充放電調控電路30的電路架構僅用來說明可具體實施例的一種方式,並不用以限制本發明充放電調控電路30的實施態樣。In addition, although the circuit diagrams of the foregoing embodiments of the present invention are implemented using PMOS transistors, the present invention is not limited to this. In other embodiments, NMOS transistors or other types of transistors can also be used. In the disclosure of the present invention, different types of transistors can be used to implement the circuit of the present invention, so the circuit structure thereof will not be described in detail. Furthermore, the circuit structure of the charge-
上述實施例僅係為了方便說明而舉例而已,本發明所主張之權利範圍自應以申請專利範圍所述為準,而非僅限於上述實施例。The above-mentioned embodiments are merely examples for the convenience of description, and the scope of rights claimed in the present invention should be subject to the scope of the patent application, rather than being limited to the above-mentioned embodiments.
10:發光二極體像素電路
11,12:電晶體
13:電容
14:發光二極體
20:開關電路
21,22:開關電晶體
30:充放電調控電路
31,32:電容
33,34,35:電晶體
1:發光二極體像素顯示單元10:
圖1顯示習知發光二極體顯示顯示的調光方式。 圖2顯示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的方塊圖。 圖3顯示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的一實施例的電路圖。 圖4顯示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的亮度調整方法。 圖5顯示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元的控制波形圖。 圖6(A)顯示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元在第一預充電期間的線路連接圖。 圖6(B)顯示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元在第二預充電期間的線路連接圖。 圖6(C)顯示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元在發光期間的線路連接圖。 圖6(D)顯示本發明之發光二極體像素顯示單元在發光停止期間的線路連接圖。 圖7顯示本發明之發光二極體顯示裝置的示意圖。Figure 1 shows the dimming method of the conventional LED display. FIG. 2 shows a block diagram of the LED pixel display unit of the present invention. FIG. 3 shows a circuit diagram of an embodiment of the LED pixel display unit of the present invention. FIG. 4 shows the brightness adjustment method of the LED pixel display unit of the present invention. FIG. 5 shows a control waveform diagram of the LED pixel display unit of the present invention. FIG. 6(A) shows a circuit connection diagram of the LED pixel display unit of the present invention during the first precharging period. FIG. 6(B) shows a circuit connection diagram of the LED pixel display unit of the present invention during the second precharging period. FIG. 6(C) shows the wiring connection diagram of the light-emitting diode pixel display unit of the present invention during the light-emitting period. FIG. 6(D) shows the wiring diagram of the LED pixel display unit of the present invention during the light-emission stop period. FIG. 7 shows a schematic diagram of the light-emitting diode display device of the present invention.
10:發光二極體像素電路10: LED pixel circuit
11,12:電晶體11, 12: Transistor
13:電容13: Capacitance
14:發光二極體14: Light-emitting diode
20:開關電路20: Switching circuit
21,22:開關電晶體21, 22: switching transistor
30:充放電調控電路30: charge and discharge control circuit
31,32:電容31, 32: Capacitance
33,34,35:電晶體33, 34, 35: Transistor
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